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Welcome to The Turf Zone podcast. This episode features the article “How Should Fertility be Used to Manage Brown Patch Disease in Tall Fescue Lawns?” written by Dr. Brandon Horvath, Professor and Turfgrass Pathologist, University of Tennessee Plant Sciences. Tall fescue is a prominent lawn grass choice especially in the Middle and Eastern Tennessee regions where cool-season turfgrasses are more prevalently used. Brown patch, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is the most damaging pathogen affecting tall fescue lawns throughout Tennessee. This fungal disease can transform a lush, vibrant lawn into a patchy, unsightly expanse when conditions favor disease development. While fungicide applications are often necessary for severe outbreaks, proper fertility management serves as the foundation of an effective preventative strategy. Fertility practices directly influence plant health, disease susceptibility, and recovery potential. Unfortunately, many common fertilization practices can actually make the problem worse. Supported by several years of research findings, we have recently employed a different approach that maintains some growth turfgrass potential via fertility that enables infected plants to recover following disease pressure. Understanding the relationship between fertility inputs and disease development will allow lawn care professionals to implement proactive management programs that reduce disease severity while maintaining a quality turfgrass stand. This article explains how different fertility approaches affect brown patch in tall fescue lawns and provides practical ideas for turfgrass managers to implement these approaches in a lawn care setting. Understanding Brown Patch Disease Pathogen Biology and Life Cycle Rhizoctonia solani is a soilborne fungal pathogen that is present in most turfgrass environments. The fungus survives unfavorable periods as mycelia in thatch and soil. Under specific environmental conditions, primarily with high temperature and humidity, the fungus becomes active and begins to attack the plant. In tall fescue, R. solani primarily infects the leaf blades and sheaths, creating lesions that eventually result in a circular “patch” appearance. The fungus spreads via mycelial growth, moving from plant to plant through direct contact. Unlike other turfgrass diseases, brown patch does not spread via spores. Environmental Triggers in Tennessee Tennessee's climate creates ideal conditions for brown patch development during much of the main growing season. The Brown Patch pathogen becomes active in response to: Temperature thresholds: Nighttime temperatures that consistently remain above 65 degrees Fahrenheit with daytime temperatures between 80 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit. These conditions typically develop in TN from mid-May through September, sometimes persisting into October. Humidity factors: Relative humidity that exceeds 80 percent greatly increases infection rates. Our humid summer climate, especially during nighttime, will frequently exceed this threshold. Leaf wetness: Extended leaf wetness periods of 10 plus hours dramatically increases infection rates. Evening irrigation practices, frequent summer thunderstorms, and morning dew are common in Tennessee and contribute to this risk factor. So, it is under these conditions that the plant becomes most susceptible to fungal attack and infection. Historically, conditions coincide with timing of when recommendations suggest backing off on fertility applications to allow the plant to “harden off”. However, our work has shown that a plant that is not able to actively recover will be in a worse position as multiple rounds of disease take place and decimate the stand. Nitrogen Management and Brown Patch Susceptibility Nitrogen is the most important nutrient for proper turfgrass growth, and there is a direct and significant impact on nitrogen management with brown patch susceptibility in tall fescue. Traditionally, research has shown that water-soluble, quick-release nitrogen sources (such as urea, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate) significantly increase brown patch severity compared to slow-release formulations. The main reason for this effect has been that at higher doses, the plant grows more rapidly, resulting in a thinner cuticle and lush, succulent growth. Modern practices, however, allow for much lower application rates of N fertility, and a spoon-feeding approach can often improve turfgrass performance. Using controlled-release nitrogen sources like polymer-coated urea will deliver nitrogen more gradually, which in turn will reduce disease-prone succulent growth while maintaining adequate plant growth for recovery. This relationship is really the key to using fertility to help manage the damage caused by brown patch. Ideally, the turfgrass manager wants the plant to grow just enough that when conditions aren't conducive for disease, the plant will grow out of the symptoms and recovery will take place. When that condition exists, the turfgrass plants will be capable that when exposed to another disease cycle, some damage will occur, yet recovery will again take place. Application Rate and Timing Under-fertilizing a turfgrass stand or lawn is much more common today than over-fertilizing. As long as the applicator avoids excessive nitrogen application during high-risk periods, one of the most common fertility mistakes that often leads to more severe brown patch outbreaks can be avoided. By providing the plant with “just enough” fertility, the need for plant growth can be balanced with not overstimulating the pathogen's ability to attack. I began to change my own perspectives on these recommendations about a decade ago, when some of our research clearly demonstrated that having moderate fertility applied during the growing season led to lower brown patch severity and also a decrease in undesirable competition from bermudagrass encroachment. As a result, I began making some adjustments in my recommendations on fertility: Late Spring (April to May): Limit applications to 0 point 5 to 0 point seven five pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet using primarily slow-release sources as temperatures begin to approach the brown patch threshold. Alternatively, one could use a very slow-release poly coat urea, that would provide approximately 3 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet for the April to August Period (approximately 20 weeks) Summer (June to August): Make low rate applications (0 point 1 to 0 point 2 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet; approximately point 6 to 1 point 2 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet total for 3 months) during the highest risk brown patch season. These applications are made to just maintain some turfgrass growth and recovery potential without sparking lush succulent growth. Slow-release sources can also be used. Early Fall (September): Use fertilization at 0 point seven five to 1 point oh pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet as temperatures moderate to focus on turfgrass recovery from summer stress and disease pressure. Late Fall (October to November): Apply 1 point oh to 1 point 5 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet, emphasizing root development and carbohydrate storage. In total, here in Tennessee, managers should target about 4 to 5 pounds of nitrogen per 1000 square feet per year for a quality Tall Fescue lawn. Making these slight adjustments in how we fertilize will help reduce the damage caused by disease while allowing for turfgrass recovery throughout the season, maintaining turf quality. Conclusion Effective brown patch management in tall fescue lawns requires an “all-hands” approach centered around proper fertility practices. By understanding the relationship between nutrition and disease development, lawn care professionals can significantly reduce brown patch severity while maintaining acceptable turf quality. Key takeaways include: Timing is critical: Avoid quick release, high rate, nitrogen applications during high-risk periods (June to August in Tennessee) Source matters: Use slow-release sources to smooth out nitrogen release over time mimicking a low rate “spoon feeding” approach Integrate approaches: Coordinate fertility with appropriate cultural practices and if needed, fungicide interventions Prevention focus: Implement proactive programs rather than reactive treatments Using these research-based fertility practices, I'm confident that turfgrass and grounds managers can significantly reduce the impact of brown patch in client and home landscapes while promoting healthier, more resilient tall fescue lawns. The post How Should Fertility be Used to Manage Brown Patch Disease in Tall Fescue Lawns? appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone podcast. On this episode we preview presentations and activities for the procrastinators recertification seminar on June 11, 2026 in Maryland. Introductory comments are from 8:00 AM to 8:10 AM with moderator Dr. Carroll. From 8:10 AM to 9:00 AM will be a presentation titled “Thinking Outside the Chemical Box: Prospects for Alternative Approaches to Weed Management in Turf” by Dr. Daniel Buonaiuto, Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland. For the past half century, the field of weed science has been focused on chemically managing noxious weeds and invasive plants. While this focus has led to useful advances in weed control, it has also given rise to herbicide resistant weed genotypes and increased incidences of negative environmental and health impacts. Scientists are calling for a new weed science research agenda focused on integrating chemical control with mechanical, cultural and biological management approaches, but new research agendas take time, and the weeds are growing right now. In this session we'll survey the tools and techniques that are available right now that can aid turf professionals in managing problematic weeds with fewer chemicals. We'll also discuss the potential for practitioner-research partnerships to rapidly advance our collective expertise in integrated weed management in turfgrass systems. From 9:00 AM to 9:50 AM will be a presentation titled “Improving Dollar Spot Control While Reducing Fungicide Inputs” by Mr. Uday Kumar, Doctoral Candidate, Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture. Dollar spot is the most common and costly disease on golf course fairways in the Mid-Atlantic region, and most courses rely heavily on calendar-based fungicide programs to keep it in check. This presentation covers two practical, research-backed approaches that can help superintendents get better control while reducing the number of sprays applied each season. Three years of field trials at the University of Maryland showed that timing fungicide applications using the Smith–Kerns dollar spot prediction model at the 20% threshold provided the same level of control as a standard 14-day calendar program while reducing applications by two to four sprays per season. In addition, nightly UVC irradiation delivered by an autonomous mower consistently suppressed dollar spot in lab, greenhouse, and field conditions. When UVC was combined with fungicides at 28-day intervals, turf quality remained acceptable while significantly reducing chemical inputs. Together, these tools offer a more precise and sustainable approach to dollar spot management on golf course fairways. Presentations will break from 9:50 AM to 10:00 AM then resume with a presentation titled “IPM Strategies for Ornamental Landscape Diseases” from 10:00 AM to 10:50 AM presented by Dr. David Clement, Plant Pathologist, University of Maryland Extension. Many landscape ornamental diseases require early diagnosis for effective management. Scouting is critical to finding symptoms early. This presentation will cover the common diseases in Maryland landscapes along with key diagnostic symptoms coupled with Integrated Pest Management strategies. From 10:50 AM to 11:40 AM Mr. Geoffrey Rinehart, Senior Lecturer, Institute of Applied Agriculture, University of Maryland will present “Fertilizer Product Selection and Nanotechnology Use in Fertilizer Programs” This presentation will provide information about what nanotechnology is and how it is being researched to improve the efficiency and efficacy of turf fertilizers and plant protectant products. In addition, this talk will encompass an overview of the major nitrogen fertilizer sources and their respective release characteristics. Timings for utilizing various major fertilizer sources for improved turfgrass health and effective nitrogen utilization will be discussed. From 11:40 AM to 12:30 PM Dr. Mark Carroll. Associate Professor, Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland will present “Organic Lawn Care: Principles, Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland” Synthetic fertilizers and pesticide treatments are often the primary chemical inputs in conventional lawn care; however, growing human health and environmental concerns have many homeowners seeking lawn care programs that are marketed as Natural or Organic. Natural and Organic programs emphasize the use of materials and practices that enrich soil organic matter and promote presence of organisms perceived to be beneficial to promoting plant health. This presentation will review the principles underlying an organic approach to turfgrass management and will provide an overview of the materials being used by lawn care operators in Maryland that offer organic or natural lawn care services. Difficulties in adhering to organic precepts when offering an organic or natural lawn care program will also be discussed. From 12:30 PM to 1:15 PM the presentations will break for lunch and resume with a presentation titled “Pesticide and Fertilizer Spray Calibration Field Demonstration” from 1:15 PM to 2:00 PM by Steve Holman, Paint Branch Turfgrass Facility Research Technician. For additional information about the event visit the Maryland Turfgrass Council website at www.mdturfcouncil.org You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post Presentations and Activities for Procrastinators Recertification Seminar appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone podcast. This episode covers the business behind the green with the article “How to Price Your Services for Profit” written by Kristina Kelly. When it comes to running a turfgrass business, your work is rooted in results. Healthy lawns, properly installed sod, and satisfied customers are the visible signs of success. And behind every vibrant blade of grass is a business owner making daily decisions that impact their bottom line. One of the most important? Pricing. Setting the right price for your services can feel like trying to hit a moving target. Charge too little, and you're leaving money on the table or risking your ability to sustain operations. Charge too much, and you might struggle to stay competitive in your market. Whether you're a seasoned professional or new to the industry, understanding how to price your services for profit is key to long-term stability and growth. Know Your True Costs Before setting any price, you need to understand what it actually costs to deliver your services. That means looking beyond just materials and labor. Your total cost should include direct and indirect expenses, such as: Labor wages, including payroll taxes and workers' compensation Equipment maintenance, fuel, and depreciation Material costs, like sod, seed, fertilizer, and irrigation supplies Insurance, licenses, and permits Office overhead, marketing, and administrative costs If you're only calculating based on materials and hourly labor, you may be unintentionally operating at a loss. Developing a simple spreadsheet or using job-costing software can help you track these figures and understand your cost per service. This step lays the foundation for profitable pricing. Factor in Your Desired Profit Margin Once you know your costs, it's time to add your profit margin. This isn't greedy. It's necessary. Profit allows you to reinvest in your business, build a financial cushion, and pay yourself a fair wage as the owner. A healthy net profit margin in service industries typically ranges from 10 to 20 percent, though it may vary based on your service mix and market. For example, if it costs you $2,000 to complete a sod installation job, and you want a 20 percent profit margin, your price should be at least $2,500. Many business owners make the mistake of only charging enough to cover costs, which can lead to financial stress or burnout down the road. Understand the Market (But Don't Let It Dictate Your Value) Knowing what competitors charge is important, but it shouldn't be your only reference point. Pricing strictly to match or undercut the competition can turn into a race to the bottom. Instead, use market research to understand the range of prices in your area, and then position yourself based on the value you provide. If your work is high quality, your team is reliable, and you offer responsive customer service, you don't need to be the cheapest option. Instead, you can charge what you're worth and attract customers who recognize and value professionalism. That might mean saying no to some price-sensitive clients, but it will help you build a stronger, more sustainable client base in the long run. Avoid the Temptation of Flat-Rate Guesswork It can be tempting to offer flat-rate pricing to simplify your quotes, but this approach can backfire if it's not backed by data. Every job is different, and variables like square footage, site conditions, soil prep, and access points can dramatically affect your costs. If you rely on gut instinct or round numbers to quote jobs, you may end up underbidding without realizing it. Instead, develop a pricing model based on per-square-foot or per-hour rates that can be customized to each job. This approach also helps you educate your clients and show transparency in your pricing. Build in a Buffer for Risk and Rework Not every job goes according to plan. Weather delays, equipment breakdowns, and last-minute client changes can eat into your profitability. When calculating your price, include a small buffer to account for the unexpected. This might be an extra percentage added to your labor costs or a built-in contingency fee. Additionally, consider how you'll handle rework or warranty issues. If you offer a guarantee on sod establishment or turf health, make sure that's reflected in your pricing structure. It's better to plan for these scenarios than to absorb the cost later. Your pricing shouldn't be static. Costs increase over time, and so should your rates. Review your pricing annually (or more frequently if you experience major changes in labor or material costs). Communicate price increases clearly and professionally with clients and reinforce the value they receive. Most customers understand that inflation and industry dynamics affect pricing, especially if they trust the quality of your work. Regular reviews can also help you identify services that may no longer be profitable, or spot opportunities to package offerings in a way that increases revenue. Package and Upsell Strategically One way to boost profitability is by offering bundled services or strategic upsells. For example, if you're installing sod, you could offer irrigation system checks, soil testing, or seasonal fertilization packages. These added services not only increase the overall value of a job, but they also help position your business as a comprehensive turf solution provider. Clients often appreciate a “one-stop shop” approach, especially when it simplifies their to-do list and increases the success of their lawn or landscape investment. Know When to Walk Away Finally, remember that not every job is the right fit. If a prospective client pressures you to lower your price or match a competitor's rate without understanding the difference in service quality, it may be best to politely walk away. Saying no to low-margin work frees up your time and resources for jobs that are actually profitable. It takes confidence and discipline, but walking away from the wrong clients is just as important to your bottom line as securing the right ones. Pricing Done Right Pricing is one of the most important decisions you make as a turfgrass professional and business owner. It requires a clear understanding of your costs, an honest evaluation of your value, and the willingness to protect your profit margins. When done right, pricing becomes more than a number on a quote—it becomes a reflection of your professionalism and the foundation of a thriving business. By taking a thoughtful, data-driven approach to pricing, you'll not only ensure the health of your business but also earn the trust and loyalty of clients who see the value in what you do. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post How to Price Your Services for Profit appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone podcast. This episode features the article “Minimizing Spring Dead Spot” written by M. Aaron Tucker, Assistant Professor, Auburn University and Wendell J. Hutchens, Assistant Professor, University of Arkansas. Introduction Spring Dead Spot (SDS) is one of the most persistent and damaging diseases affecting warm-season turfgrasses that undergo winter dormancy. First documented in 1954 on a bermudagrass lawn in Stillwater, Oklahoma, SDS continues to challenge turf managers across the southern and transition zone of the United States (Wadsworth & Young, 1960; Tredway, 2009). This article outlines the biology of the disease, key infection periods, and the latest cultural and chemical strategies for effective management. Pathogen Biology SDS is caused by soil-borne fungi in the genus Ophiosphaerella, specifically O. herpotricha, O. korrae, and O. narmari. These pathogens differ in geographic distribution and turfgrass host preference. In Alabama, O. korrae is likely the most prevalent species (Hutchens et al., 2025). Disease Cycle and Symptoms The fungi that cause Spring Dead Spot are ectotrophic root-infecting pathogens, colonizing the outer surfaces of roots, rhizomes, and stolons, leading to necrosis. This damage predisposes turfgrass to winter injury, with symptoms emerging in spring due to the combined effects of fall infection and harsh winter conditions. SDS is a monocyclic disease, with a single infection cycle per year. Infection occurs in late summer to early fall, when evening temperatures cool and soil temperatures drop consistently below 70°F. Symptoms appear in spring as circular or semi-circular patches of dead turf, ranging from six inches to several feet in diameter. Severe outbreaks can result in large, coalesced areas of turf loss, with recovery taking two to three months after green-up—making proactive management essential. Cultural Management Strategies Effective cultural management hinges on understanding the disease's biology. Thatch and organic matter serve as reservoirs for pathogen survival. Practices such as core aerification, verticutting, and fraze mowing during the summer remove thatch and dilute organic matter, thereby reducing inoculum and mitigating spring symptoms (Hutchens et al., 2025). Conversely, cultural practices such as verticutting and aerification on symptomatic turf in spring can actually hinder recovery. Mechanical stress on already damaged turf slows regrowth, so spring cultivation should be avoided. Proper fertilization, particularly nitrogen applications in late summer/fall and spring, supports plant health and recovery (Tredway, 2021; Hutchens et al., 2022). Ammonium sulfate has shown efficacy against O. herpotricha, while calcium nitrate is more effective against O. korrae—highlighting the importance of pathogen identification (Tredway, 2021). Chemical Management Strategies Chemical control with fungicides is most effective when timed correctly. Applications should occur during fall as soil temperatures drop consistently between 65-55°F. Current research is refining this window using the Battaglia-Hutchens cooling degree-day model to optimize timing (Battaglia et al., 2024). The modern demethylation-inhibiting (DMI) fungicide mefentrifluconazole offers strong SDS suppression, while older DMIs like propiconazole and tebuconazole provide moderate efficacy (Clarke et al., 2020). Select succinate dehydrogenase-inhibiting (SDHI) fungicides—like isofetamid, penthiopyrad, and pydiflumetofen—also provide excellent control but carry a higher risk of resistance. Rotating SDHIs with DMIs is recommended to preserve efficacy. Precision Application Technologies Advancements in GPS-guided sprayers allow for targeted fungicide applications. Mapping disease areas in spring and early summer enables precise fall fungicide treatments, reducing both cost and environmental impact (Booth et al., 2021; Henderson et al., 2025). Conclusion Understanding pathogen biology, the disease cycle, and optimal application timing is essential for managing SDS. Continued research is uncovering pathogen-specific responses to cultural and chemical strategies, offering promising avenues for more refined and effective control. Literature Cited Battaglia, M., Hutchens, W. J., & Roberson, T. (2024, November). Development of a Fungicide Application Timing Model for Spring Dead Spot Using Cooling Degree-Days. In ASA, CSSA, SSSA International Annual Meeting. ASA-CSSA-SSSA. Booth, J. C., Sullivan, D., Askew, S. A., Kochersberger, K., & McCall, D. S. (2021). Investigating targeted spring dead spot management via aerial mapping and precision-guided fungicide applications. Crop Science, 61(5), 3134-3144. Clarke, B. B., Vincelli, P., Koch, P., & Chou, M. Y. (2020). Chemical control of turfgrass diseases 2024. Henderson, C., Haak, D., Mehl, H., Shafian, S., & McCall, D. (2025). Precision mapping and treatment of spring dead spot in bermudagrass using unmanned aerial vehicles and global navigation satellite systems sprayer technology. Precision Agriculture, 26(2), 38. Hutchens, W. J., Booth, J. C., Goatley, J. M., & McCall, D. S. (2022). Cultivation and Fertility Practices Influence Hybrid Bermudagrass Recovery from Spring Dead Spot Damage. HortScience, 57(2), 332-336. Hutchens, W. J., Anders, J. K., Butler, E. L., Kerns, J. P., McCall, D. S., Miller, G. L., & Walker, N. R. (2025). Fifteen years of findings: Advancements in spring dead spot research from 2009 to 2024. Crop Science, 65(1), e21367. Tredway, L. P., Tomaso-Peterson, M., Perry, H., & Walker, N. R. (2009). Spring dead spot of bermudagrass: A challenge for researchers and turfgrass managers. Plant Health Progress, 10(1), 32. Tredway, L. P., Soika, M. D., Butler, E. L., & Kerns, J. P. (2021). Impact of nitrogen source, fall fertilizers, and preventive fungicides on spring dead spot caused by Ophiosphaerella korrae and O. herpotricha. Crop Science, 61(5), 3187-3196. Wadsworth, D. F., & Young, H. C. (1960). Spring dead spot of bermudagrass. Plant Dis. Rep, 44, 516-518. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post Minimizing Spring Dead Spot appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone podcast. This episode spotlights New England Sports Field Management Association member Ryan Restivo – Parks Superintendent for the Town of New Canaan Parks Department in New Canaan, Connecticut. Read from New England Blade magazine. How did you get your start in the sports field industry? I've always had a passion for sports, the outdoors, and hard work. During high school and the early part of my collegiate career, I worked at a renowned golf course in Darien, Connecticut—Weeburn Country Club. I later joined Superintendent Doug Drugo and his grounds crew, where I gained hands-on experience maintaining high-level playing surfaces. That opportunity, combined with my love for sports, ultimately kickstarted my path into the turfgrass and sports field industry. Where did you go from there? That passion led me to earn a degree in Plant Sciences with a concentration in Turfgrass Management, along with a minor in General Business, from the University of Rhode Island. Along the way, I had the opportunity to work with outstanding teams, including the Weeburn Country Club grounds crew, the Gillette Stadium field crew, and the USGA at both the 2019 U.S. Junior Amateur and the 2024 U.S. Senior Open Championships. Those experiences helped shape my approach to turf management and Parks and Recreation operations. Today, I serve as the Superintendent for the Town of New Canaan Parks Department. Who was your mentor when you were first starting out in the industry, and why? Other than my family and the work ethic they instilled in me, one of my most influential mentors was—and still is—Joshua Bergeron. Josh, who is three years older than me, was a fellow URI Turfgrass Management student and followed a very similar career path in both golf course and sports field management. After graduating, Josh found success on the Gillette Stadium Field Crew before moving on to a different career path. Along with Field Crew Superintendent Jon Bengtson, Josh gave me the opportunity to intern with the Gillette Stadium Field Crew. To my younger self, that opportunity felt like a dream come true; to my adult self, it reinforced the belief that with hard work and the right opportunities, anything is possible. In addition to Josh, I've been fortunate to learn from all of my professors at URI, as well as the many golf course and sports field professionals who have guided me throughout my career. What's the best business advice you've ever received? While it's not strictly business advice, the best guidance I've ever received is a saying I try to live by: “Find a job you enjoy doing, and you will never have to work a day in your life.” — Mark Twain What is the next “game-changer” you see on the horizon for the sports turf industry? The next major game-changer in the sports turf industry is the continued advancement of automated and GPS-based technology. Innovations such as automated paint machines and GPS-guided sprayers promote greater precision, reduce misapplications, and allow operators to focus more on detail and quality in their day-to-day work. While skilled labor remains essential and in high demand, advanced technology enables sports turf managers to be more accurate and consistent with field layouts and applications. I've had first-hand experience using automated paint machines, and I've seen how they improve efficiency and consistency. What's your favorite / most useful: Equipment? Ventrac 4520 & various attachments Product? Seed Technology? Tiny Mobile Robot Paint Machine What advice would you share with people starting out in sports field management today? My advice is to always ask questions and say yes to opportunities—as long as they're safe. Don't be afraid to ask supervisors and peers for clarification and make it a priority to understand the why behind everything you do. Ask yourself questions like, “Why am I applying this product?” “What is its mode of action?” or “Why am I doing it this way—and is there a more efficient approach?” Opportunities often come when you least expect them, and growth happens when you step outside your comfort zone. If you're hesitant but know the opportunity is safe, go for it. I can promise you that you'll gain something valuable from the experience. Can you share a bit about your family life and / or what you enjoy doing in your free time? Family is everything to me. I come from a big family and am the youngest of three, and growing up, our lives revolved around sports and work. Those experiences helped shape who I am today. I consider myself a pretty simple guy—I enjoy spending time with my fiancée, Elizabeth, and with our families and friends. I like staying active and competitive, even if it's through what I jokingly call “old man sports” like golf, cornhole, and pickleball. I also enjoy work-related and at-home projects. I see them as challenges that keep me engaged, help me continue learning, and contribute to improvements I can apply both professionally and in my day-to-day life. What have you enjoyed most / find most beneficial about being a New England Sports Field Management Association member? The most beneficial aspect of being a New England Sports Field Management Association member is the networking opportunities it provides. For newer members—those with five years of experience or less—it opens the door to the knowledge and insight of seasoned industry veterans. We can all admit that we've made mistakes and learned through trial and error, and having access to experienced professionals allows us to ask questions, learn more efficient ways to perform tasks and make better-informed decisions. That networking also encourages the exchange of ideas, exposure to new technologies, and honest discussions about what works—and what doesn't. It's an invaluable resource that helps professionals at every stage of their career continue to grow and adapt. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post NE-SFMA Member Spotlight on Ryan Restivo appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone podcast. This episode features the article “Influence of Management on the Microbiome of Turfgrass Systems” By Benjamin Snell, Graduate Student at North Carolina State University. Home lawns, golf courses, and athletic fields account for the majority of the turf industry. A considerable amount of research has been conducted within these areas of the industry, with a primary focus on management strategies. Improving management strategies is crucial for turf managers to produce high-quality turf that is economically and environmentally sustainable. One area within the turfgrass industry where knowledge is limited is the impact of these management strategies on the soil microbiome. Previous research has demonstrated the benefits and importance of these microorganisms for plant health. Multiple claims have been made that organic products promote microbial growth, whereas traditional products, such as pesticides and synthetic fertilizers, can negatively affect these microorganisms. With the development and release of new molecular tools, more scientific conclusions can be drawn. Understanding whether and how turf management affects the soil microbiome is crucial for turf managers to sustain high-quality turf and maintain a beneficial soil microbiome. To understand the influence of different management practices on soil microbiomes, a trial was designed to simulate a typical home lawn management plan, with treatments using traditional synthetic fertilizers and pesticides and others using OMRI-approved organic products. This trial was conducted at Lake Wheeler Turfgrass Research and Education Center in two popular homeowner grasses, zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp. Willd.) and tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.)). Turfgrass quality, soil physical and chemical properties, and the soil microbiome have been measured for each treatment over the last year and will be measured for the final time two years after the initial sampling. The soil microbiome was characterized by extracting DNA from soil samples and submitting it for 16S/ITS sequencing. Using the raw sequencing reads, Qiime2 was used to identify the fungi and bacteria present in the trial. Soil samples were also collected from golf courses and athletic fields to determine how these management styles affect microbial communities. These samples include looking at creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) and bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) putting greens and athletic fields in North Carolina. The samples from these have been collected once and will be collected again one year after the initial sampling for comparison. Visual data from the trials, focusing on the differences between organic and conventional management strategies, have been analyzed. After one year of treatments, a significant difference in turfgrass quality was observed among treatments in the tall fescue trial under disease pressure. Turfgrass quality is rated on a scale of 1-9, with one being the lowest and nine the highest. The highest turf quality was observed in the treatment that received both synthetic fertilizer and pesticides, which was significantly higher than the organic treatments, the synthetic fertilizer-only treatment (no fungicide applied), and the non-treated control. In the presence of disease, organic treatments, synthetic fertilizer-only treatments, and the non-treated control all resulted in decreased turf quality. Based on this preliminary data, organic treatments will begin to fail or have little effect on disease presence. In addition to turf quality, initial sequencing data from the tall fescue and zoysiagrass trial have been analyzed. This data was collected before any treatments were applied. These preliminary results indicate that microbiome communities differ significantly between tall fescue and zoysiagrass. These findings are expected, given how different environmental factors can impact these communities. More sampling, analysis, and evaluation will help determine whether and how these management practices affect these communities. Golf course and athletic field samples are currently being analyzed to identify further how various cultural practices influence these microbial communities. Understanding how management practices influence soil microbiomes will encourage managers to promote a more diverse microbial community while maintaining a highly acceptable turf stand. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post Influence of Management on the Microbiome of Turfgrass Systems appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone Podcast. This episode features the article “Turfgrass Research, Partnership, and Progress: 10 Years of the Virginia Tech Turfgrass Research Classic & Field Day” Many of Virginia's turfgrass industry professionals will gather at Independence Golf Club on Monday, May 18, 2026, to celebrate a major milestone: the 10th anniversary of the Virginia Tech Turfgrass Research Classic & Field Day. The inaugural event was held on May 15, 2017 across the James at the Country Club of Virginia's Tuckahoe Creek and James River courses, during establishment of the VT Turf Team's partnership with leadership at Independence Golf Club. In fact, sprigs were spread on Independence Golf Club's Bear Short Course that evening in what has turned into a decade-long partnership that has reshaped on-site research in Virginia. Hosted in Midlothian, VA, this year's event is designed to bring together golf course superintendents, sports turf managers, lawn care specialists, sod producers, landscapers, vendors, and other green-industry professionals for a full day of learning, networking, and support for turfgrass research. At its heart, the event showcases the strong partnership that has powered a decade of progress. For the past ten years, the Virginia Golf Course Superintendents Association (VGCSA) has been the driving force behind the Turfgrass Research Classic, providing leadership and support that have helped raise more than $500,000 for Virginia Tech turfgrass research through the Virginia Turfgrass Foundation (VTF). Beginning in 2026, VGCSA will continue this role as the Title Partner of the Turfgrass Research Classic & Field Day, working in partnership with the VTF, Virginia Tech, and our allied associations to expand the event's reach and impact across the broader turfgrass industry. This anniversary year also marks an important evolution in how the event is organized. Beginning in 2026, the Virginia Turfgrass Foundation is taking the lead in coordinating both the Field Day and the Research Golf Tournament, in close collaboration with VGCSA, the Virginia Tech Turfgrass Team, and industry partners. Centralizing sponsorships through the Foundation streamlines the process for supporters, maximizes nonprofit benefits, and ensures that contributions are tax-deductible and directed to Virginia Tech Turfgrass Research. The result is a more efficient, aligned effort that benefits the entire turfgrass community and strengthens the future of research and education in Virginia. The day will begin with the Virginia Tech Turfgrass Field Day from 8:30 to 11:30 a.m., featuring a dynamic walking tour around the Independence Golf Club's Bear Short Course. Multiple research stations will be set up across the property, where attendees can hear directly from leading researchers and industry experts. While this event is held on a golf course, most of the topics covered apply across a variety of turfgrass uses. These topics include updates on winterkill and spring recovery strategies, water-use efficiency, sensing tools and technology, targeted application strategies, turfgrass pathology and disease prevention, turfgrass weed management, and turfgrass entomology and pollinator protection. Breakfast and lunch, hosted by the Virginia Turfgrass Foundation, will give participants time to connect with colleagues and continue discussions beyond each station. The afternoon will shift to the Turfgrass Research Classic golf tournament, with a shotgun start at 12:00 p.m. Participants will tee off alongside fellow professionals, sponsors, and researchers in a fun, friendly competition that directly supports turfgrass research and education. All proceeds benefit the Virginia Turfgrass Foundation and the Virginia Tech Turfgrass Research Program, meaning every round played helps fuel the science that drives the profession forward. Whether attendees are competitive golfers or simply enjoy a day on the course, the tournament offers camaraderie, networking, and the satisfaction of investing in the industry's future. Vendors and sponsors will also play a central role in this year's celebration. The 10th anniversary format offers expanded opportunities for engagement and visibility, including vendor tables, on-site demonstrations, high-visibility sponsorship packages, and broad promotional reach across the turfgrass industry. For the first time, all sponsorships and donations will flow through the Virginia Turfgrass Foundation, providing charitable tax deductions. These contributions help fund essential research, student scholarships, needed equipment, and educational programming that strengthen Virginia's turfgrass sector and support the next generation of leaders. As the event marks ten years of partnership, innovation, and shared commitment, organizers emphasize that this is more than just another field day or golf tournament. It is a celebration of the industry's collective achievements and a strategic investment in the continued advancement of turfgrass science in Virginia. Those interested in attending, sponsoring, or exhibiting are encouraged to register or secure their support by visiting www.vaturfgrass.org or contacting Brandyn Baty, at brandyn@vaturfgrass.org or 757-585-3058 for details on registration, sponsorship packages, or vendor opportunities. Presented by the Virginia Turfgrass Foundation in partnership with Virginia Tech Turfgrass Research, the VGCSA, and the VTC, the 2026 Virginia Tech Turfgrass Research Classic & Field Day promises to be a milestone event the entire turfgrass industry can rally behind. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post 10 Years of the Virginia Tech Turfgrass Research Classic & Field Day appeared first on The Turf Zone.

This episode of The Turf Zone Podcast features the article “Turf Tips” by Dave Han, Ph.D. with Auburn University and Alabama Extension. When hot weather arrives, our warm season grasses will soon shift into high gear and simply keeping up with them can be a challenge. Here are some reminders of what to expect and look out for in the transition from spring to summer. Temperatures will still fluctuate Most parts of Alabama aren't truly safe from all possibility of frost until mid-April. Even then, it's possible to get stuck into a pattern of warm days (80 F or even warmer) but cool nights (temps falling into the 50s). This temperature pattern holds back the growth of warm-season grasses. They may have been green for weeks, but don't really start to show fast lateral growth until the soil temperature stays above 70 degrees consistently. This usually takes both warm days and nighttime lows remaining in the 60s. Slow lateral growth in April and May frustrates many turf managers and their clients, especially if the turf experienced some injury from cold, disease or pests during the winter. It's important to remember that as long as the soil is still relatively cool, early fertilizer applications will have little effect on the rate that grasses fill in damaged areas. It's the temperature that holds back spreading growth this time of year. Warm season turfgrass that is “stuck” in greenup mode can also be more sensitive to postemergence herbicides than it will be during hot weather. This is especially true with centipedegrass, but can happen with any species. Many postemergence herbicides have language on the label that urges caution when applying them during spring greenup, or outright recommends waiting until the grass is completely out of dormancy to apply them. This can take until well into May in north Alabama. Annual insect pests will be laying eggs soon For those in the sandy soils of the coastal plain, now is the time to think about getting ready to apply insecticides to areas that showed mole cricket tunneling damage earlier in the spring. Like any insect pest, mole crickets are easiest to control when they are very young – just hatched is perfect! They usually lay their eggs in from April to May, and eggs take 3-4 weeks to hatch. That means May is the perfect month to get an insecticide with a good residual activity into the soil so that new nymphs are killed right after they hatch, and don't ever have the opportunity to grow into the larger stages that can damage turf with their tunnelling. Likewise, white grubs will soon be pupating and adults usually emerge to mate and lay eggs in the May-July time frame, depending on the exact species of white grub. As is the case with mole crickets, an application of an insecticide with a soil residual measured in months will head off problems with grub damage in the fall. Scout for grubs in the spring by cutting back the sod and looking for the larvae, or count adults as they fly by catching them in pheromone traps. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post Turf Tips appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone Podcast. This episode features a summary of bills of interest from the end of the 2026 Legislative Session of the Maryland General Assembly. Prepared by Percy Public Affairs and the Maryland Turfgrass Council. Read from MTC Turf News magazine. At the stroke of midnight on Monday, April 13th, the Maryland General Assembly adjourned (SINE DIE) the 2026 Legislative Session in Annapolis, Maryland. This year, the Maryland General Assembly introduced a total of 3,473 individual pieces of legislation (1406-Senate/2067-House) – this included proposed policy bills, legislative bond initiatives, and joint resolutions. During the 90-Day Session, Percy Public Affairs flagged multiple bills of interest for the Maryland Turfgrass Council (MTC). Below is summary of the legislation that MTC took action on in Annapolis. Bill Summary House Bill 91, entitled; “Agriculture – Neonicotinoid Pesticides – Prohibitions” – This bill prohibits a person from distributing, selling, or using any corn, soybean, or wheat seeds that have been coated in or treated with a neonicotinoid pesticide. In addition, the bill generally prohibits a person from using a neonicotinoid pesticide to treat outdoor ornamental plants and turf, except as specified. The bill authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture to temporarily suspend both of these prohibitions under specified conditions. House Bill 164, entitled; “State Buildings and State Highways – Collection and Disposal of Yard Waste” – This bill generally prohibits State employees or contractors from disposing of yard waste collected on the grounds of a State building or a State highway in a single-use plastic container. All such yard waste must be collected in a container that (1) will not be discarded with the yard waste or (2) is a compostable paper bag. MTC and MASFMA's Position: Opposed. Bill Status: FAILED. House Bill 164, entitled; “Gasoline-Powered Leaf Blowers – Purchase and Use – Prohibitions” – This bill, subject to specified exceptions, prohibits, (1) beginning July 1, 2026, the State from purchasing a gasoline-powered leaf blower and (2) beginning January 1, 2031, the use of a gasoline-powered leaf blower by the State and its contractors and subcontractors working on State-owned land. Each State agency in the Executive Branch must monitor and enforce that agency's compliance with the bill. The bill also establishes (1) a provision relating to the authority of local governments to enact standards relating to gasoline powered leaf blowers and (2) a requirement for the State and its contractors and subcontractors to comply with local standards that are at least as stringent as the bill's standards when managing State property. MTC and MASFMA's Position: Support. Bill Status: Failed. House Bill 321, entitled; “Environment – Synthetic Turf Industry and Disposal Study – Deadline Extension” – This bill extends the deadline, from July 1, 2026, to January 15, 2027, by which the Maryland Department of the Environment (MDE) must submit a specified report relating to synthetic turf to specified committees of the General Assembly. MTC and MASFMA's Position: Opposed. Bill Status: Failed. House Bill 833/ Senate Bill 53, entitled; “Commission to Advance Lithium-Ion Battery Safety in Maryland – Reestablishment” – This bill reestablishes the Commission to Advance Lithium-Ion Battery Safety in Maryland. The Office of the State Fire Marshal (OSFM) must provide staff for the commission. Commission members may not receive compensation but are entitled to reimbursement for expenses. By December 1, 2026, the commission must submit an interim report on the progress and status of the commission to the Legislative Policy Committee. By December 1, 2027, the commission must report its findings and recommendations to the Governor and the General Assembly. MTC was amended into the final bills as a new member of the Commission and will be an active participant. MTC and MASFMA's Position: Support. Bill Status: Passed. House Bill 1237, entitled; “Pesticide Applications – Subscription Contract Requirements and Registry Establishment” – This bill requires the Maryland Department of Agriculture (MDA) to establish a Residential Pollinator Protection and Neighbor Notification Registry for the purpose of registering individuals residing in residential areas who are interested in receiving notice of pesticide applications on contiguous or adjacent properties. MDA may charge a reasonable registration fee to an applicant for inclusion in the registry; however, MDA must waive the fee under specified conditions. The bill establishes related requirements for MDA, pesticide business licensees, pesticide applicators, and public agency permittees. In addition, the bill establishes requirements for a pesticide business licensee that has a subscription contract for pest control with a residential customer. MTC and MASFMA's Position: Support with Amendments. Bill Status: Passed. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post Maryland Bills of Interest Summary appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone Podcast. This episode features the article “What's New with Wetting Agents” written by Michael Fidanza, Ph.D., Stan Kostka, Ph.D. and Tom Malehorn Soil surfactants are commonly called “wetting agents” in the turfgrass industry, and there are many, many wetting agent products in today's turf market. In 2012, the USGA Green Section article — Understanding the different wetting agent chemistries — advanced our understanding of these products in a logical manner. Another good article on wetting agents also appeared in the USGA Green Section — Factors to consider when developing a wetting agent program. Both of those articles and more can be found at: https://tinyurl.com/4f2v8m8r. Recently, wetting agent categories were proposed in a further attempt help the end user understand their chemical properties: https://tinyurl.com/ywyexm4x. Overall, in golf course and sports turf management, wetting agents are employed to improve infiltration, mitigate water repellency (i.e., hydrophobic conditions), and enhance hydration in soils and rootzones. Wetting agents also are useful for enhancing certain soil directed pesticides, improving flushing of excess salts, indirectly helping turf survive the winter, and improving spring green-up and recovery. Retainers versus Penetrants? The marketing of some wetting agent products can lead one to believe there is precise knowledge of clearly definable modes-of-action, that specific desired outcomes under diverse environmental conditions can prescribe how and when they should be applied, that soil responses can be turned on and off simply by changing what product is applied, or that product “X” can dramatically influence a specific turfgrass surface condition or expectation. These sorts of questions have only been researched on a handful of products. Researchers at the University of Arkansas, University of Wisconsin, Michigan State University, and the University of Wageningen (Netherlands) have demonstrated that certain wetting agents can increase soil water content under droughty conditions, and lower soil water content during periods of excessive rainfall. Keep in mind, most of these results come from turf growing on sand or sandy loam rootzones. Does this mean those wetting agents tested are physically “holding onto” (retaining) water in the rootzone, or “pushing” (penetrating) water through the rootzone? Our soil physics colleagues would question that statement. The terms retainer and penetrant are not listed in the soil science terminology, but these terms are used to market wetting agents. Data remain lacking on the nature and differentiation of products sold as “wetters”, “water retainers”, and “penetrants”. There are many claims based on reports-from-the-field or on misperceptions or misinterpretations of visual observations. When considering a wetting agent ask for thorough, documented, replicated field research (either from university or industry researchers). A recent article in the USGA Green Section provides further insight into this topic: O'Brien, D., Fidanza, M., Kostka, S., and Richardson, M. 2023. Penetrants vs. Retainers: Understanding Wetting Agent Clamins and the Science Behind them. USGA Green Section Record. https://www.usga.org/content/usga/home-page/course-care/green-section-record/61/issue-10/penetrants-vs–retainers–understanding-wetting-agent-claims-and.html Over the past two decades, wetting agents have moved from products applied to correct localized dry spots to broader applications in water management, however, marketing claims often outpace the science. Research continues to build upon our understanding of what wetting agents can and cannot do. Understanding the mode-of-action, effects on soil physical phenomena, and effects on soil biology and rhizosphere dynamics are the future. A foundation is being built to support science-based uses of these unique soil amendment compounds. Conclusion Soil surfactants or “wetting agents” lead the way for sustainable water use and water conservation practices on U.S. golf courses. Recent research has quantified beneficial effects of using wetting agents, with more work in progress. The marketing terms “retainer” and “penetrant” are not soil science terms. Ask to see research-based information when considering a wetting agent product. Research efforts are underway in the U.S. and Europe that will increase our understanding of how wetting agents affect turf rootzone physical, chemical, and biological properties. Dr. Mike Fidanza (maf100@psu.edu) is a Professor of Plant and Soil Science at the Berks Campus, Pennsylvania State University, Reading, PA; Dr. Stan Kostka (stan.kostka@gmail.com) is a Visiting Scholar at Penn State Berks Campus; Tom Malehorn (intlturf@gmail.com) is a Penn State turf alum and principal scientist with iGin Research, in Westminster, MD. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post What's New with Wetting Agents appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone Podcast. This episode features the article “Autonomous Mowing on Trial” written by Landon Erbrick, Paul Bartley, Mark Hoffman and Tanzeel Rehman of Auburn University and J. Bryan Unruh of the University of Florida. As the landscape industry faces mounting labor challenges, tightening environmental regulations, and growing pressure to improve efficiency, the emergence of mowing technologies are generating widespread attention. But do these machines actually deliver on their promises of cost savings, labor efficiency, and sustainability? A multi-disciplinary team of researchers from Auburn University, the University of Florida, and the University of Georgia has launched a multi-year research initiative to answer that very question. Supported by industry partners and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), this effort is part of a larger grant-funded project titled “Landscape Equipment Sustainability Strategies: Do More with LESS.” The project involves a comprehensive evaluation of large-platform autonomous mowers to assess their real-world performance, cost-effectiveness, and operational safety across a variety of landscape conditions. Why This Research Matters The adoption of automation in turf care is no longer a theoretical discussion. Manufacturers have introduced commercial autonomous platforms, and early adopters are already deploying them on sports fields, university campuses, and business parks, yet independent research remains scarce on the topic. Most prior studies have focused on small-platform robotic mowers primarily used in residential settings. Traditionally, these machines relied on perimeter wires and random navigation patterns, limiting their efficiency and scalability. However, recent technological advancements—such as real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning and EPOS (Exact Positioning Operating System) navigation—have dramatically improved the precision, reliability, and adaptability of small autonomous mowers. This rapid evolution in positioning and sensing technologies has expanded the potential for autonomy in turf management far beyond the homeowner market. Building on these advancements, large-platform autonomous mowers, that is, commercial-scale machines capable of operating both manually and autonomously, have now entered the market. These systems aim to address many of the industry's most pressing challenges, including labor shortages, rising operational costs, and increasing sustainability demands. Our research seeks to evaluate these emerging technologies through a rigorous, data-driven approach to help landscape contractors, municipalities, and turf managers make informed decisions about integrating autonomy into large-scale operations. What We're Testing & Why It Matters This project is evaluating large-platform commercial mowers across four equipment categories: Manual gas-powered Manual battery-powered Autonomous gas-powered Autonomous battery-powered We're conducting real-world field trials using standardized test plots with varying levels of landscape complexity, from open square acres to obstacle-rich environments designed to mimic trees, bed edges, and other site constraints. Our goal is to understand how different combinations of power source (gas vs. battery) and operator mode (manual vs. autonomous) influence performance, cost, safety, and usability in professional landscaping scenarios. What We're Measuring Across hundreds of acres of mowing in diverse conditions, we're tracking: Labor Efficiency – Time per acre, supervision requirements, and total operator hours Energy or Fuel Consumption – Gallons or kilowatt-hours per acre Mowing Productivity – Speed (acres/hour) under manual vs. autonomous operation Cost of Ownership – Lifetime return on investment (ROI) including equipment price, maintenance, energy, and labor Operational Safety & Setup Time – Issues related to autonomous deployment, landscape variability, and required oversight Adaptability to Landscape Types – How autonomy performs in simple vs. complex site conditions Together, these data will help landscape contractors, fleet managers, and municipal buyers evaluate whether, how, and when to adopt autonomous and battery-powered equipment based on real numbers, not hype or pressure. Safety and Supervision Under the Microscope We're also conducting obstacle detection trials using mannequins and field hazards at multiple approach angles to understand how these machines interpret and react to real-world variables. Our team is especially interested in hybrid operation strategies, where a single operator supervises an autonomous unit while mowing with another, significantly boosting productivity without a full leap into autonomy. Implications for the Green Industry This research comes at a critical time. As noise restrictions, emissions regulations (e.g., California AB 1346), and labor shortages reshape the industry, many contractors are asking: What's the smart next investment? By delivering field-tested, brand-agnostic insights, our goal is to help professionals: Make evidence-based equipment choices Optimize labor deployment strategies Understand technology limitations and serviceability Prepare for future regulations and automation trends. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post Autonomous Mowing on Trial appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone Podcast. This episode features the article “Biochar Revisited: Rethinking Its Promise for Turf & Landscape Soils” written by Anthony Will and read from New England Blade magazine. In recent years, interest in biochar has grown rapidly – but so has the confusion about what it actually is and how it works as a soil amendment. Turf managers searching for guidance may find thousands of articles and research papers, many of which make conflicting claims about soil health, nutrient retention, and carbon storage. What's really going on? Let's start at the beginning with some key term definitions. Biochar: What's Is It? Biochar is produced by heating biomass to a high temperature in an environment with little or no oxygen. This heating process is known as pyrolysis. To understand this fully, it is helpful to define biomass and pyrolysis. Biomass is organic material derived from living or recently living organisms, primarily plants. Common examples include wood chips, walnut shells, crop residues, and manure. There are literally hundreds of different biomass materials that can be converted into biochar. Pyrolysis refers to the process, and the equipment, used to convert biomass into biochar. When biomass is heated under low-oxygen conditions, most of the volatile components are driven off as gases and vapors, leaving behind a charcoal-like material that is rich in stable, mineralized carbon. Modern commercial pyrolysis systems are far more effective at producing high-carbon, low-ash biochar than earlier or less controlled methods. Not all biochar is the same; it comes in many forms, depending on the feedstock and how it's produced, so not all biochar behaves the same. High-quality biochar offers a remarkable range of benefits for soil health and plant performance while a lower-quality biochar may contain excessive ash, low carbon content, or inconsistent physical properties. Until recently, there were no commercial-scale pyrolysis plants in New England producing consistently high-quality biochar. Charging Biochar: What's the Purpose? Raw biochar acts like a sponge. It readily absorbs moisture and nutrients from surrounding materials, which is why it is commonly used in filtration and remediation applications. Before being blended into soil, biochar should be charged (also called inoculated) with moisture, nutrients, and beneficial microorganisms. This is most commonly done by mixing biochar with high-quality leaf compost and allowing the blend to age or stockpile for a month or more. This step prevents the biochar from temporarily tying up nutrients after application. High-Quality Biochar: Practical Value for Turf Managers When properly produced and inoculated, high-quality biochar offers a wide range of benefits to soil health and plant performance: Efficiency: A Little Goes a Long Way Using a high-quality biochar, even at just 5% by volume, can make a real difference in soils. When incorporated into rootzones or planting beds—about two five-gallon pails per cubic yard—premium, inoculated biochar has been shown to boost water retention, nutrient availability, and soil microbial activity. Depending on soil conditions and goals, blend rates of 5–10% of a high-quality biochar can deliver lasting improvements in soil health and plant performance. Soil Physical Benefits Improved Soil Structure: Biochar improves aeration, drainage, and aggregation. Its porous structure creates space for air and water movement, supporting deeper and healthier root systems. Reduced Soil Compaction: Incorporation of biochar can reduce bulk density and improve root penetration in compacted soils. Water Retention: Biochar improves soil's ability to retain moisture, reducing irrigation demand and helping plants tolerate drought stress. Soil Nutrient and Microbial Benefits Nutrient Retention: Biochar has a high capacity to retain nutrients, reducing leaching and improving nutrient availability over time. Microbial Habitat: The pore structure of biochar provides habitat for beneficial soil microorganisms, increasing microbial diversity and enhancing nutrient cycling. Heavy Metal Sorption: Biochar can absorb certain heavy metals, reducing their bioavailability. This is particularly beneficial in disturbed or urban soils. Plant and Environmental Benefits Carbon Sequestration: Since biochar is extremely stable, it sequesters carbon for decades – or even centuries – helping reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide. Enhanced Plant Performance: Collectively, these benefits support improved plant vigor, resilience, and overall performance. Odor Reduction: Biochar can help reduce undesirable soil odors, improving working conditions in landscape and urban environments. Long-Term Stability: Unlike compost, which decomposes over time, high-quality biochar remains stable in the soil for decades, continuing to deliver benefits long after application. Evaluating Biochar: What Turf Managers Should Know The only reliable way to evaluate biochar quality is by reviewing laboratory test results. Manufacturers should be able to provide basic analytical data for any product containing biochar. Turf managers should at least check a biochar's organic carbon and total ash content, aiming for higher carbon levels and lower ash to get the best benefits for soil health and long-term carbon storage. As a general guideline, high-quality biochar typically has a high organic carbon content—often above 50–60% according to IBI and EBC standards—and relatively low ash content (

Welcome to The Turf Zone Podcast. This episode spotlights Alabama Turfgrass Association member Dr. David Han For more than two decades, Dr. David Han has been a steady and influential presence in Alabama's turfgrass industry. As an Associate Professor and Turfgrass Specialist for Extension at Auburn University, Dr. Han has dedicated his career to advancing turfgrass education, supporting industry professionals, and mentoring the next generation of leaders. His work through the Alabama Cooperative Extension System and the Alabama Turfgrass Association (ATA) continues to leave a lasting mark across the state and beyond. Roots in Science and a Path to Turfgrass Dr. Han grew up in Urbana, Illinois, and pursued his undergraduate and master's degrees at Cornell University before earning his Ph.D. from The Ohio State University. With a bachelor's degree in biology, his early academic path was rooted firmly in the sciences. It was during his time at The Ohio State University that Dr. Mike Boehm, his postdoctoral advisor, helped point him toward the turfgrass industry—a direction that would ultimately shape his career. Along the way, he was influenced by some of the most respected minds in turfgrass, including Dr. A.J. Powell, Dr. Mike Goatley, and several outstanding superintendents such as Todd Voss and Mark Yoder. Their professionalism and approach to the craft demonstrated what it truly takes to excel in turf management. Closer to home, Dr. Han credits numerous Alabama turf professionals as role models, singling out James Horton as “standing out among the standouts.” A Career Built on Service and Education Dr. Han began his tenure at Auburn University in 2000 and has since worn many hats—educator, researcher, Extension specialist, and industry leader. In addition to his academic responsibilities, he serves as Educational Director for the ATA and the Deep South Turf Expo, helping shape high-quality programming for turf professionals across the region. There is no such thing as a “typical” day in his role. One day may involve teaching university students; the next, visiting a golf course, baseball field, or sod farm; and another, leading a workshop or speaking at an industry event. This variety is part of what makes his work meaningful. What does he enjoy most? Simply put: helping people do their jobs better. Whether that means diagnosing a turf issue, interpreting data, or providing practical guidance, Dr. Han is passionate about being a resource for the industry. The greatest challenge, he admits with a smile, is time—there is always more to do (and ATA is always asking for something!). Among his proudest accomplishments are the many successful graduates who have come through Auburn's turf program and are now thriving in their careers. Seeing former students excel in the field is, for him, one of the most rewarding aspects of his work. Industry Evolution and Perspective Since starting at Auburn, Dr. Han has witnessed significant changes in the turfgrass industry. The introduction of automated equipment—drones, robotic mowers, and advanced data systems—has transformed operations. While these tools offer tremendous opportunity for precision and efficiency, he cautions that data is only as valuable as the understanding behind it. “It could be good or bad if you don't know what the data is telling you,” he notes. Looking ahead, he sees both challenges and opportunities for turf professionals in Alabama. Technology continues to advance, expectations continue to rise, and environmental stewardship remains critical. For those just starting out in the industry, his advice is simple but powerful: stay curious, stay connected, and never stop learning. Commitment to ATA Dr. Han's involvement with ATA has been extensive, including his leadership role as Educational Director. Through conferences, workshops, and the Deep South Turf Expo, he has helped elevate educational opportunities for members across the state. ATA membership, in his view, fosters connection, professional growth, and a shared commitment to advancing the industry. The relationships built through ATA strengthen not only individual careers but also Alabama's turfgrass community as a whole. Life Beyond Turf Outside of work, Dr. Han's life is centered on faith and family. He and his wife, Tara, have been married for 26 years and are the proud parents of Jacob, 17, who enjoys aviation and gaming, and Laura, 13, who participates in band at East Samford School. Their home is also lively, with four cats (Dr. Han proudly admits he's a “cat man”). He is actively involved at Holy Trinity Episcopal Church, where he sings in the choir and has served as backup choir director since last fall. Much of his free time is spent supporting his children's activities and enjoying the close-knit feel of Auburn—a university town that, despite its growth, still feels like home. The weather doesn't hurt either. Looking Ahead When asked about his goals for the next five to ten years, Dr. Han responds with characteristic humor and heart: “Save the world! Keep people from destroying the world.” At its core, that means continuing to advance Auburn's turf program, promote responsible management practices, and support the professionals who care for Alabama's landscapes. Even as retirement eventually approaches, he hopes to remain connected to the industry that has given him so much. His dedication to education, mentorship, and service ensures that his influence will continue to shape Alabama turfgrass for years to come. The Alabama Turfgrass Association is honored to spotlight Dr. David Han—a leader, educator, and advocate whose passion for helping others defines both his career and his character. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post Member Spotlight on Dr. David Han appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone Podcast. This episode features the article “Penn State Researcher Turns Decades of Turfgrass Work into Startup Success” written by Katie DeFiore read from Pennsylvania Turfgrass magazine. David Huff, professor of turfgrass breeding and genetics at Penn State, recently earned the Research Innovator Award through the College of Agricultural Sciences for the research and entrepreneurial leadership that led to the founding of his startup, PennPoa. PennPoa aims to transform the turfgrass industry through the commercialization of highly cultivated Poa annua, or annual bluegrass, seed varieties for the golf course industry. To launch his turfgrass startup, Huff utilized Penn State entrepreneurial resources including the Penn State Small Business Development Center (SBDC), Ben Franklin Technology Partners of Central & Northern Pennsylvania and the Office of Technology Transfer. When Huff came to Penn State in 1994, his goal was to breed and improve varieties of Poa annua for the golf course industry. This strain has desirable traits, Huff said, such as high shoot density and dwarfism, which allows the grass to tolerate extremely low mowing heights — an important characteristic for golf course turfgrass, where mowing heights can be less than one-tenth of an inch. Huff said he quickly realized there was no commercially available seed for this top-quality grass, forcing golf courses to either use lower-quality grass species or rely on bluegrass that naturally emerges as a weed. However, when Poa annua establishes itself as a weed, it can take 50 to 100 years of golf course maintenance for it to naturally evolve into the highly sought-after strain, according to Huff. “There was no one out there helping the golf industry with this problem, and so I decided it would be a good project to work on,” Huff said. “I collected seeds from a lot of places across the U.S. and Europe, bred them, and after 13 years I had a top 10 — they were just beautiful grasses.” However, when Huff moved into the seed production process with those 10 strains, he lost the dwarfism trait that made the grasses so valuable. The plants reverted to weedy grasses, prompting another 13 years of research and the additional support of three graduate students to understand why this was happening and how to ensure the seeds retained their dwarf perennial traits. After a total of 26 years of research, Huff's new seeds were finally ready for beta testing. “I ran those beta tests on five golf courses, covering the east coast, west coast and the northern and southern United States regions, and everything looked good. So, in the meantime, that's when I started the company,” Huff said. “I had no idea I'd be doing a startup. When I first started, I thought this grass was going to behave like all grasses and that I would be able to license it to a seed company.” Huff said he was already familiar with the licensing process at Penn State, as he breeds other grass varieties that are released to seed production companies. However, because of the complex and novel seed production technology he and his team developed to maintain Poa annua's favorable traits, he realized he could not simply hand off the process to a seed company. The Penn State Office of Technology Transfer (OTT) suggested that he launch a startup. “To be honest, when OTT suggested launching a startup, I thought, ‘I can't do that, I'm faculty, I'd be using the product I'm researching, it's a conflict of interest,'” Huff said. “And they said Penn State has a support system in place to help manage that for you.” OTT connected Huff to the Office for Research Protections, where a team helped Huff navigate the research commercialization process. He later entered the Ben Franklin Technology Partners Big Idea Contest, where he won the People's Choice Award. Through that experience, Huff learned more about the entrepreneurial ecosystem at Penn State and in State College, and he began attending entrepreneurial events, meetups and competitions hosted by Ben Franklin, the Penn State SBDC and other local community organizations. At one of these events, Huff met Martin Brill, a business consultant and coordinator for the Pennsylvania SBDC Agriculture Center of Excellence, who became a long-term mentor. “Martin and everyone else that I've met has just been very encouraging, and that was very important to me,” Huff said. “Starting a new company like this was very scary — I wasn't planning on it, and I haven't been trained for it. But Martin, Ben Franklin, OTT, the individuals in the Office for Research Protections, they all encouraged me, and that's what propelled me forward. I followed their advice, and I never really hit a roadblock. I hit a lot of hurdles, but everyone helped me get over those. Before I knew it, I had a license agreement, I had a formal company and we started sales.” Huff said 2025 marked his first year of sales, and he sold out of both his 2024 and 2025 crops. He already has received orders for 2026 and 2027. He added that the Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences has also been critical to his startup success. Huff received funding through the College's Research Applications for INnovation (RAIN) grants program and has been able to lease college-owned land to support seed production. “One of the other things that helped me was that, at all these various workshops and seminars provided by the SBDC, there were all sorts of other folks just like me — people with ideas who live in this area who were starting their own businesses,” Huff said. “Talking with them helped me, because they are in the same boat I'm in — they don't know what they're doing either, but they're doing it, and you learn as you go.” Most recently, Huff entered the Invent Penn State Startup Leadership Network Board of Advisors program for 2026, which provides Penn State startups with industry-specific advisory boards to guide founders as they enter the market. “I've just been impressed by the entrepreneurial ecosystem that's here at Penn State, both on and off campus,” Huff said. “It has helped give me the confidence to know that I can do this. Everybody has been so helpful and has given me their time and their interest. They really are passionate about helping people, and with that kind of help, you just go forward.” About the Penn State SBDC Pennsylvania Small Business Development Centers are funded in part through a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Small Business Administration, by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania through the Department of Community & Economic Development, through support from Penn State, and by other sources of state and federal funding. Full disclosures available at: https://www.pasbdc.org/funding-sources SBDCs are hosted by leading universities, colleges, state economic development agencies and private partners, and funded in part by the U.S. Congress through a partnership with the U.S. Small Business Administration. There are nearly 1,000 local centers available to provide no-cost business consulting and low-cost training to new and existing businesses. The Penn State SBDC services Centre, Clinton, Lycoming and Mifflin counties in central Pennsylvania. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post Penn State Researcher Turns Decades of Turfgrass Work into Startup Success appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone Podcast. This episode features the article “Spring Startup Without the Scramble: A Simple Operating Plan for Your Busiest Season” Spring can feel like a wild sprint in the turfgrass industry. Demand rises fast, the weather shifts by region, and crews are expected to move from preparation to production with little margin for error. Whether you own a large landscape company, supervise grounds, or work independently, the same business question pops up this time of year: how do you stay organized when everything speeds up at once? North Carolina makes this even more important because spring does not look the same across the state. Both cool-season and warm-season grasses are grown in North Carolina, with cool-season grasses performing best in spring and fall, while warm-season grasses are slower to green up in spring and grow best in summer. That means your startup plan needs to align with your region, turf type, and service mix, rather than relying on a single statewide timeline. Here is a framework for all types of turfgrass managers: 1. Set your spring capacity before you fill the calendar. A full schedule doesn't always mean a profitable schedule. Start by estimating what your team can realistically handle each week based on labor hours, travel time, equipment availability, and the complexity of your work. For a sports turf manager, this may mean planning field preparation windows around game schedules and weather. For a landscape business owner, it may mean separating recurring maintenance from installation work so one category does not disrupt the other. For an independent operator, it may mean limiting new clients until recurring customer routes stabilize. This step helps you avoid the spring trap of saying yes too quickly and spending the next six weeks fixing preventable delays. It also gives you a better basis for quoting timelines, setting expectations, and deciding whether to outsource any work. 2. Build a startup checklist for equipment and supplies. Spring problems often look like labor problems when they are really equipment and supply problems. A mower down for two days can throw off an entire route. A missing part can delay an athletic field prep. A late material delivery can create a client communication issue that your team then has to manage. Create one checklist for startup readiness and assign dates to each item. Include inspections, maintenance, blade sharpening, tire checks, calibration, backup equipment options, and commonly used supplies. If you manage a crew, assign ownership to specific people and confirm completion in writing. If you work alone, schedule this work like billable time because it protects billable time later. The goal is not perfection. The goal is fewer surprises when everyone needs service at once. 3. Standardize your onboarding before hiring pressure hits. Many businesses wait until they are short-staffed before considering training. Spring is the worst time to build onboarding from scratch. A simple onboarding process can help new hires become productive more quickly and reduce the burden on your strongest crew members. Keep it practical. Focus on safety, equipment basics, site expectations, communication standards, and what good work looks like in your operation. For sports turf settings, include event-day expectations and the chain of communication. For landscape crews, include job-site photos and quality examples. For independent operators who occasionally bring in help, use a one-page field guide that outlines your process and customer standards. Education is one of the strongest retention tools available because it helps people build confidence and feel invested in their work. It also protects quality when the pace increases. 4. Protect your schedule with proactive client and stakeholder communication. Spring startup gets harder when communication becomes reactive. A short round of outreach before your busiest stretch can prevent many avoidable issues. Confirm service windows, clarify what is included, and explain what may shift due to weather or field use. For sports turf professionals, this can mean a quick pre-season update to athletic directors, coaches, or facility contacts about timelines, field conditions, and scheduling limits. For contractors, it can mean a reminder about spring demand, response times, and approval timelines for add-on work. For independent operators, it can mean confirming your route days and the best way to reach you for non-urgent requests. Clear communication reduces interruptions and helps people understand that good turf outcomes require planning, timing, and patience. 5. Track a small set of weekly numbers. You do not need a complex dashboard to run your Spring startup well. You need a short list of numbers that tells you whether your plan is holding up. Pick metrics that align with your role and review them weekly. Examples include: • labor hours scheduled versus labor hours worked • completed jobs or field tasks versus planned • equipment downtime • callbacks or rework • weather delays • material usage on high-volume items • outstanding approvals or invoices These numbers help you spot problems early. If labor hours are running high every week, your route density or staffing plan may need adjustment. If callbacks spike, training or quality checks may need attention. If equipment downtime keeps increasing, preventive maintenance may be slipping. 6. Build your plan around your market, not a generic template. The turf and landscape industry is broad, and that matters for business planning. NALP (National Association of Landscape Professionals) reports that the landscape services industry reached a market size of $188.8 billion in 2025 and includes more than 692,000 landscaping service businesses. That scale reflects a wide range of business models, from solo operators to larger firms, along with very different customer expectations across markets. A startup plan that works for a municipal sports complex may not fit a residential landscape route. A plan that works in one region of North Carolina may need adjustment in another. The NC State Extension puts it plainly: “No one type of grass is best suited to all situations.” The same principle applies to operations. Build your plan around your turf, clients, team, and region. A practical spring takeaway… Spring will always be busy. While we can't remove the pressure, we can reduce preventable chaos. A simple operating plan can do that. Set your capacity, prep equipment early, standardize onboarding, communicate before problems start, and track a few meaningful numbers. These steps require intention, and they pay off when the season starts moving faster than expected. In a profession built on timing, spring success often starts before the first rush arrives. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post Spring Startup Without the Scramble: A Simple Operating Plan for Your Busiest Season appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone Podcast. This episode features the article “Building the Turfgrass Manager Pipeline: A Call for Industry-Academic Partnership” written by Jay McCurdy. The larger turfgrass and landscape industry has a labor issue—mainly that there's not a reliable pipeline for accessing young and capable employees. I have this conversation almost weekly when discussing the state of the industry and how my role in a “turfgrass program” relates. I'm now in my 12th year at Mississippi State University, so I no doubt have some ownership of the problems. But I also wanted to relay to a wider audience just what some of the solutions might be to solve this problem. Yes, higher industry pay might help, but there's more to the story than just that. Our landscape management industry includes a broad range of job titles, but most of us reading this magazine are either boots-on-the-ground landscape managers (ex. superintendents, lawn care professionals, sports field managers, sod producers, equipment managers, etc.) or are somehow involved in the industry/supply side (sales, accounts, research and development, chemical, equipment, etc.). We know the technical mastery and skill required to do this job. We know the rewards and challenges. Nevertheless, I find the perspective from academia is often a little different from what it was when I was a practitioner. We are all concerned about a shrinking pipeline of new professionals entering our field. Turfgrass academic programs are often criticized for producing too few graduates, and those graduates are said to be underprepared for the demanding, multifaceted roles that await them. The same is said for students fresh out of high school. There's always a debate about whether it's generational or whatnot. Maybe there's something to that, but what, pragmatically, can we do to figure all this out? The issue is more complex than a simple academic shortfall. The challenges facing turf programs reflect deeper structural and cultural dynamics within the larger society, as well as within the green industry and our academic institutions. I think we need to embrace a new model of mutual investment between academia and industry in order to restore vitality and sustainability to the profession. Whatever the model, it must redefine recruitment, enhance the talent pool, and demonstrate that green-industry roles are both professionally rewarding and personally sustainable. This essay outlines a vision for such a partnership, built on five key principles: shared recruitment, broader inclusion, job-quality reform, experiential learning, and a mutual commitment to long-term workforce development. The Myth of the One-Way Pipeline Turfgrass academic programs are too often viewed as workforce development pipelines. In this paradigm, universities are expected to “turn out” graduates who are job-ready, immediately employable, and long-term loyal to the industry. These are ambitious goals that can only be achieved through industry partnerships. Universities cannot solve structural labor shortages in isolation. For starters, the looming demographic cliff, where student enrollment drops due to fewer babies having been born ~18 years ago, is self-evident. We have to reframe the relationship as a two-way street: industry leaders and employers must engage as co-investors in the success of the next generation. The declining number of turfgrass students is not solely a turf problem—it mirrors trends across many science, technology, engineering, agriculture, and mathematics (STEAM) disciplines. Yet in turf, the impact is more acute. Fewer students are entering, and those who do are frequently drawn away by careers with higher salaries, greater mobility, and more stable work-life balance—fields like wildlife biology, ecology, food science, and agricultural engineering. If return on investment (ROI) for college interests you, I highly recommend Preston Cooper's Is College Worth It? A Comprehensive Return on Investment Analysis article. If the green industry wants to retain talented, committed professionals, it must work with academic programs to create clearer, more appealing, and more stable career pathways for students entering the field. Recruitment: A Shared Responsibility One of the most common critiques from green industry professionals and hiring managers is that turf programs are not doing enough to recruit students into the field. In truth, recruitment cannot be the sole responsibility of faculty or universities. Few high school students grow up dreaming of becoming a golf course superintendent, especially if they've never been exposed to the role or the science behind it. Lots of kids grow up mowing lawns, but do they view that as a stable profession? How many golf course superintendents leave the industry for better working hours or more stable family lives? The stories of our profession are not always positive. How do we improve that? Meaningful recruitment requires visibility, storytelling, and early engagement. That means: Hosting and organizing Golf Course Superintendents Association of America's (GCSAA's) STEAM program, First Green. Industry professionals visiting high schools, FFA programs, and 4-H events to talk about careers in turf and to give hands-on help managing facilities. Hosting youth days, career shadowing, or field trips in coordination with FFA, agricultural teachers, 4-H, and Extension educators. Alumni sharing their stories, not just of agronomic challenges overcome, but of career development, family stability, and lifelong learning. Academic programs can support these efforts with marketing materials, introductory coursework, event production, and advising. Industry partners can develop their own materials, and my academic colleagues and I would be happy to collaborate. But unless the industry is willing to support or do the work, recruitment will remain a leaky pipeline. The Golf Course Superintendents Association of America has promoted its First Green program and has invested heavily in promoting the profession to kids in FFA. This is a good example of how we might target youth to entice them into our profession. Reaching the Future of the Profession A second issue compounding recruitment challenges is the profession's lack of demographic diversity (this isn't a DEI discussion!). This is not simply a turfgrass issue; it reflects broader underrepresentation across many STEAM fields. However, the profession's visual and cultural homogeneity isn't always inviting to those from different socioeconomic or cultural backgrounds. That's to say very little of the lack of female representation—it's improving. Still, it lags considerably behind many other attractive career fields for the same candidate pool we are competing for. If we want to build a workforce that reflects the broader demographics of our society, the turfgrass industry must actively recruit from historically underrepresented communities, including women, students of color, and first-generation college students. Many turf programs sit within land-grant institutions with a mission to serve all citizens of their state. Partnerships with historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs), tribal colleges, and community colleges offer promising avenues for talent development. Additionally, the industry must take steps to ensure that students from diverse backgrounds are not only recruited but also retained. That means: Paid internships with real mentorship, not just summer labor. This is something our industry does well. Though pay and working conditions could always be improved, I understand the financial realities for most businesses—margins matter, and you can't pay a 20-year-old more than your loyal long-time employees. Scholarships and travel support to attend GCSAA and regional turfgrass conferences. GCSAA and our regional events have done a great job supporting our students. Our state and regional associations have covered almost all the costs for our students attending events like Deep South. GCSAA allows students and academic advisors to attend the Golf Show for free. They allow students to be members for free. We just have to cover flight and meal costs—sell more hats and pullovers! Storytelling campaigns that highlight successful professionals in our industry. Barry Stewart hosts MSU Turf Seminar speakers, and I'm sure he'd love to hear from those of you who can share your secrets to success and happiness. If the profession remains perceived as culturally insular or exclusionary, we will continue to miss out on a generation of bright, capable professionals who simply chose other welcoming fields. Career Quality: The Hidden Cost of Turnover Recruitment efforts alone are not enough if the jobs themselves are perceived as undesirable. One of the most pressing challenges facing the green industry is career sustainability and burnout. Even for students who graduate from turf programs and enter the profession, the early-career reality can be discouraging. Starting roles are often physically demanding, geographically isolating from home, and poorly compensated relative to the skill and responsibility required. I won't disagree: early careers are hard in many professions, and ours has a history of heartiness and resilience that we pride ourselves on. And that's great, but let's face it, positions frequently involve long hours, especially in golf and sports fields, weekend shifts, and high turnover. Relocation is common, placing strain on young professionals with families or community ties. Burnout is not only likely, but it's also all too often expected. In many cases, internships play a decisive role. While some students have transformative experiences, others emerge disillusioned. Internships are often where students determine whether they see a long-term future in the profession. Unfortunately, too many internships treat students as temporary labor rather than future colleagues. Our profession must take a hard look at its entry-level roles and ask: Are we investing in mentorship or extracting labor? Are we helping build careers or merely filling seasonal gaps? Are we creating a profession that values work-life balance and career advancement? Until the industry addresses these questions honestly, retention will remain low, and turf programs will struggle to retain students who see more stable options elsewhere. Experiential Learning and Academic Alignment To ensure that students are prepared for professional success, universities must evolve as well. Turfgrass programs must incorporate not only plant science and weed control, but also: Business management and budgeting Communication and conflict resolution Human resources and leadership Sustainability, data analytics, and emerging technologies Faculty must engage in continuous dialogue with industry professionals to align curricula with real-world expectations. This can happen through advisory boards, curriculum reviews, and co-developed experiential learning opportunities. Meanwhile, the industry must treat internships and co-ops as educational experiences, not just temporary employment. Golf courses that offer structured mentorship, performance feedback, and leadership development will not only see better short-term productivity, but they'll also help shape the long-term workforce of the profession. The Role of Associations The Sports Field Management Association (SFMA), GCSAA, and other professional landscape associations have a unique opportunity to lead systemic change. Many in the industry look to them for guidance, advocacy, and professional standards. But as organizations, they can: Develop and promote best practices for internship mentorship Recognize organizations that invest in student development Partner with academic programs on workforce development grants Support early-career professionals through networking and continuing education Just as importantly, associations must continue to help shift cultural expectations within the profession. That means promoting superintendent and field manager roles as executive leadership positions, not just agronomic technicians. It means celebrating the intellectual and managerial skills required to succeed in this career, and advocating for compensation, stability, and respect commensurate with those demands. Learning from Other Industries Much can be learned from adjacent fields. Engineering, for example, has long faced similar challenges: rigorous academic programs, intense internships, and high attrition. Yet leading companies and associations in that field have invested heavily in university partnerships, student engagement, and early-career support. Top manufacturing and technology firms fund campus recruiting, sponsor capstone projects, offer paid site visits to facilities, and offer career ladders with clear promotion timelines. These students, like our own, are not afraid of hard work. They are attracted by clear career outcomes and structured support along the way. There is no reason the green industry cannot offer the same. But doing so requires a shift in mindset: from “you have to earn your place” to “we will invest in you as the future of our profession.” A Vision for the Future In many places, these goals are already occurring, but here are just a few to imagine as being widespread: High school students attend “turf career days” hosted by their local superintendent and Extension agent. Universities and employers co-design internships that develop not just technical skills, but leadership and confidence. Interns feel welcomed and valued from their first day on a golf course. Assistant superintendents are mentored, paid fairly, and see clear paths to advancement. Associations and turf programs work side by side to tell the story of a modern, rewarding profession. This future is not only possible but also essential. The alternative is the status quo, or worse, decline: fewer students, fewer assistants, more burnout, and an aging workforce with no one ready to take the reins. Conclusion: A Call to Shared Action The challenges facing the profession are real, but they are not insurmountable. What is required is not blame, but shared responsibility. Universities must modernize curricula and deepen student support. Turfgrass managers must invest in mentorship and help reshape early-career roles. Our industry associations must lead with vision, coordination, and advocacy. Ultimately, this is about stewardship of the profession itself. The same care, foresight, and commitment that turfgrass managers bring to managing turf must now be brought to cultivating the future of the workforce. The author would like to thank Barry Stewart for his suggestions and edits to this article. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post Building the Turfgrass Manager Pipeline: A Call for Industry-Academic Partnership appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone Podcast. This episode features the article “VTC Blows Away Leaf Blower Ban” by Beck Stanley, VTC Executive Director. The Virginia General Assembly once again heard multiple bills seeking to allow localities to ban gas powered leaf blowers and other equipment essential to our industry. This bill has become what we call a “perennial bill” as it returns every January like clockwork. Thanks to the support of membership and partner organizations, we have been able to delay and significantly reduce the impacts of this bill over the last several years. I found myself overjoyed, at times even breaking into grins at the outcome this year, when the legislature tabled the measure until 2027 in the House and outright killed the bill in the Senate. The bill blew away when we pointed out that electric blowers require batteries that must be charged…by gas powered generators. Proponents of leaf blower bans will be back with more aggressive legislation in the future, and we must stay in the fight, pointing out the many environmental benefits of managed turf: erosion control, water filtration, and in the case of leaf removal, important mold prevention that protects the health of children and pets. As you discuss this issue in your home communities, please keep such details in mind. Currently, the only locality in Virginia that has successfully enacted a ban is Alexandria, and it was upheld by a Republican controlled Attorney General's office in a 2025 opinion. Like many other issues we lobby, this is another where we must educate members from all sides of the political sphere. While the day is coming when these bans reach other places, there is much we can do to prepare in the meantime. After all, many other states watch Virginia's early legislative session each year and get ideas for new laws in their states. We must keep in mind: the stakes are high in Virginia, and our success or failure here can have ripple effects for our partners across the country. What made this year's bill different is how it was originally written: it can only offer the option to ban to localities with a population density of 2500 residents per square mile. But I'd like to take this opportunity to explain to readers how legislators, in this case Delegate Rip Sullivan, set negotiating markers in bills with the intent to later change, alter, delay, or amend the legislation. I do not know if this is what Delegate Sullivan is trying to do, but it sure seems like it. He is a skilled legislator well familiar with these tactics. Thankfully, we are, too. As the bill comes back next year to blow its way through the lengthy process – committees, subcommittees, floor votes, crossover to the Senate, and plenty of scrutiny along the way – the patron could decide to adjust this population density criteria, add new language, or strike the bill altogether. The latter would provide our members with the time needed to prepare for the coming electric equipment migration. We have pointed out to his staff that, unfortunately, premature implementation of gas-powered bans impacts our smallest members the most. These are members who often have the least resources on hand to afford expensive new electric blowers, batteries, charging infrastructure, and repairs. I believe he is sympathetic to that reality and has good intentions, so I won't be posting up outside his office charging my batteries with a loud gas-powered generator anytime soon. In conclusion, we have to be realistic about evolving laws and plan accordingly. The reality today is that battery life is not yet advanced enough to meet the needs of the industry. As those batteries improve, costs come down and run times increase, the transition to electric blowers begins to make more sense. In the meantime, enjoy the grins – and this small victory on your behalf. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post VTC Blows Away Leaf Blower Ban appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Welcome to The Turf Zone Podcast. This episode features the article “Art and Resilience: The Pollinator Garden at the UT Arboretum” by Mike Ross, Associate Professor of Plant Sciences and Jakob Johnson, UT Plant Sciences, Master of Landscape Architecture Student. As our relationship with Nature and access to natural spaces have become increasingly constrained by urban and suburban growth, we have seen a growing desire by homeowners, parks and municipalities for naturalistic landscapes that showcase plants as communities. This naturalistic planting design often seeks to abstract naturally occurring ecological habitats and put them in a context that, allows people to interact with the plants and their associates in more intentional ways. Pocket prairies, urban meadows, pollinator gardens, even rain gardens can serve these naturalistic functions that whether in bloom or in winter dormancy, can inspire the heart and captivate the mind. One such place is the Michelle Bradley Campanis Pollinator Garden at the UT Arboretum in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. The pollinator garden has developed into something really special during the last five years. In many ways this special garden resource serves as a prime example of resilience in design and the blending of that resilience with the art of landscape and planting design. My involvement with this project dates back to June 2020. At the time I had been at the University of Tennessee for almost a year and with covid, all educational programs, field days, master gardener and outreach events had moved online. I had been asked by the UT Arboretum team to give a talk on ecological landscape design. During the presentation I mentioned that I thought there should be a wildflower center in every state. This was something I brought up during my job interview back in 2019. I still feel strongly about that need. At the talk in 2020, the idea of a wildflower center for Tennessee resonated with Michelle Campanis, who is the Education Coordinator at the UT Arboretum who was at the zoom meeting. She reached out and said they had an area at the Arboretum that would be a great place for a meadow…would I be interested in helping to create it? And so began a multi-year collaboration with the UT Forest Resources AgResearch and Education Center (REC), Tennessee Naturescapes, undergraduate PLSC students from the Sustainable Landscape Design concentration in the Herbert College of Agriculture, and graduate students from the School of Landscape Architecture in the College of Architecture and Design. Brainstorming and Breaking Ground: Planning the First Steps Our initial discussions centered around a stretch of ground that was next to the recently constructed auditorium and its extensive rain garden. The ground that was identified had become a field of invasive plants, weeds, and assorted woody shrubs and small trees. The team's idea was to create a space that provided visual appeal from the auditorium and that also would contribute to future educational programs that, like the rain garden, could be focused on sustainable and resilient landscapes. In keeping with that charge, it was determined that in addition to shedding the invasive field we would use fire, herbicide, and solarization as ways to suppress the significant invasive species pressure on the site. Michelle led volunteers through weeding and prepping the site, Kevin Hoyt, the director of the UT Forest Resources AgResearch and Education Center and the Arboretum staff oversaw bush hogging, prescribed burns, and pesticide application. Don Williams and Tennessee Naturescapes provided the solarization material and I began working with students and research assistants to develop initial plant lists. The key to successful projects like this one that relies on using abstracted ecosystems is the ability to convey the concept across all collaborative partners. The effective control of invasive and weedy species in the selected site and the shared vision for the pollinator garden were essential for keeping the project moving forward across the last four years. Art and Resilience in Landscape Design An intentional landscape plan is at its most evocative when it marries art and science to varying degrees to bring about experientially rich moments for people to interact with their designed surroundings. It can take the form of extravagant fountains and terracing like the Italian renaissance garden at Villa d'Este or the over-the-top grandeur of French baroque landscape designs of master paysagiste, Andre Le Notre, or perhaps our more familiar works from Frederick Law Olmsted and Jens Jensen. However, as evocative as these landscapes are, they were not conceived within a conceptual framework that accounted for an understanding of ecology as a discreet science nor to anticipate disturbance regimes that included wildfire, site construction, drought or flooding. This is precisely where the pollinator garden fits into our contemporary sphere of landscape design practice. The art of planting design, the artful shape, color, and texture of the plants utilized balanced with the realities of ever-changing precipitation, management regimes, unpredictable weather and scheduling approvals for prescribed burn permits, and fluctuating volunteer schedules and knowledge bases. All impact the success and perception of the project. At the end of the day, the pollinator garden must be both beautiful and functional. It must serve the educational and ecological goals of the REC, as well as benefitting the casual visitor to the Arboretum. It needs to support the well-attended annual Butterfly Festival and other University field days that are part of the education and outreach component of the land grant mission that the REC serves. It must above all support pollinators and their diverse life histories. The resilience and the art must be linked for the project to succeed. The Significance of People as Part of an Informed Design Process A key component in this project has always been the students and volunteers who have dedicated so much time and invested so much of themselves to this undertaking. Whether planting, weeding, constructing, maintaining accessible circulation, or controlling invasive plants; through their efforts we have been able to make this project happen. With that said, I think it is particularly meaningful when the work allows student interactions with the garden to reinforce and teach meaningful skills that can shape their own understanding of the profession of landscape design and management. Students working as part of the Living Systems Design Group and the Ross lab developed plans, researched plant material, learned how to design on-site, set up and space plants, use technology, review spreadsheets, and managed the prairie and meadow ecosystem establishment. In some cases, I would bring my graduate and undergraduate classes out to help with planting. More than once, I had the distinct honor of teaching a beginner student how to plant a plant. While this may seem small or trivial, it illustrates how even students who are drawn to landscape and horticulture may have had very limited past opportunity to plant, grow, and interact with vegetation beyond the occasional house plant. The work we have undertaken at the UT Arboretum has shaped the professional practice and career aspirations of many students. This outcome is further evidence of the immense value that hands-on experiential learning has for future designers, landscape architects, professional gardeners, horticulturists, and landscape managers. Ongoing Lessons Learned in Managing a Designed Ecological System As the pollinator garden has continued to establish and grow, there have been key management and maintenance decisions that we have made that will shape its long-term success. First and foremost, controlling invasive and weedy plant encroachment is key to maintaining the structure and visual impact of the garden. Woody plants, even native ones, can markedly change the form and structure if allowed to establish in the meadow. While intentional use of woody plants for their structural and aesthetic contributions must be maintained, careful removal of woody seedlings plus annual burning has helped us keep the invasive and weedy plants in check. Fire, manual removal, ethical and judicious use of herbicides each contribute key roles in controlling plant compositions throughout the garden. Some species, such as goldenrods (Solidago sp., dogfennel (Eupatorium capillifolium), and asters (Symphyotrichum and Eurybria sp.) were always planned to be intentional parts of the project, yet these plant species were not intentionally planted or purchased; we knew from past experience that these species would naturally find their own way into our meadow plots and could be expected to colonize on their own. By that same logic, our expectation has also meant that some individuals of these species can show up anywhere and can regenerate in great profusion if left unmanaged. For these plant species, proper thinning, selective removal, and well timed cutting all aid in keeping these important pollinator plants behaving as good neighbors to the rest of the meadow community. Additionally, when plants are weeded and pulled up, native seed from flowering annual species that we intend to keep well represented in the design, are purposefully re-applied into areas of soil disturbance. In this way, there is propagule competition with the weedy species, and this interaction helps to offset the natural suppressive effect of longer-lived perennial plants on early colonizing annuals. Finally, because the garden exists as an interactive educational space, maintaining and managing circulation and pathways is an ongoing task. Plants mature and spread, sometimes obscuring pathways or sprawling into areas that are intended for more contemplative experiences. Thinning and plant relocation are important tasks needed for keeping the structure and design vision in place. All of this effort is dependent on volunteers and students who are coordinated by Michelle Campanis. Through continued effort and dedication, the garden is establishing nicely and keeping the vision flexible and resilient while not losing sight of the initial concept. A Look Into the Future As the project moves forward through the establishment and management phase, plants will continue to be added or subtracted. This is necessary to restate important design concepts, improve the aesthetic appeal, and keep up with the educational opportunities and needs of the UT Arboretum and REC. Final Thoughts The first formal discussions of this project that I was involved in began in June 2020 and this coming spring of 2026 the project receives its official name, the Michelle Bradley Campanis Pollinator Garden. While its official establishment date is attributed to 2022, the reality is that projects like this take years of dedicated work, advocacy, and commitment by many people, professionals, students and volunteers. We would like to thank Michelle Campanis, Don Williams, Kevin Hoyt, Jakob Johnson, Hailey Wright, JD Zimmerman, and my students past, present, and future that have and will work on the pollinator garden to help care for it into the future. Student's Perspective – Jakob's Experience By Jacob Johnson During my time at The University of Tennessee I have had the opportunity to work with professors who saw the value of engaging students in projects with real world implications. In our digital age the value of hands-on learning experiences is exponentially important. With the reality of the direction of education experiences that can now be fully gained online, the value of face to face or hands to dirt learning is something that can never be fully replaced. There is immense importance in actually seeing how hard work can lead to the physical manifestation of an idea. As I was nearing the end of my undergraduate studies in Sustainability, I was still unsure of how I wanted to utilize the knowledge I had gained in the classroom. Through a series of experiences being on site and taking the classroom outside to the world I discovered my true passion. My first experience with the UT meadow began in April 2022, while I was pursuing my undergraduate degree in sustainability with a minor in plant sciences. During this first visit to the arboretum I didn't know much about real world implementation of planting design…I knew how to dig a hole to its proper depth and to break up root bound plants, I knew how to identify certain plants that I was looking at, I knew the value in what these ecosystems provide, and I knew that I was excited to be a part of something bigger than myself. During this initial phase of the project I had the opportunity and guidance of Mike to mark out the boundaries for the planting zones, strategically stage the plants so there was structure, areas of reveal and lines of sight. Tasks that may seem minor to the average gardener, but these tasks would help jumpstart my pursuit of a career in Landscape Architecture. The next visit to the UT Arboretum was as a class, we began the laborious process of digging hundreds of holes for the plugs and containerized plants with the hope that the site would become a place where people and nature can meet or reconnect. Getting the opportunity to work under someone that is so knowledgeable in a field of study which aims to build and support communities of people and plants was an honorable task. It taught me that it was much more than just placing plants in the landscape, it was conversations about the plant communities and the species they support, the structural variation creating moments of wonder and others of reveal, it was about the intentionality of having bursts of color in moments along the path, and conversations about how amazing this place will be. It was through these types of conversations I was ignited with an inspiration that I too could gain these skills and knowledge to create places that provide beauty to our world while creating opportunities for essential ecological services to be provided. Upon graduating with my degree in Sustainability I began a summer job in landscape construction and that fall would begin my pursuit of my master's in landscape architecture. After about 3 years from the time I first helped plant at the arboretum I was invited back, this time to utilize the skills and knowledge I had been gaining through graduate school. My task this time was to help establish formalities in the design that assist in creating a sense of arrival into the meadow, as well as create opportunities for gathering. Through the collaboration and support of Michelle Campanis and Kevin Hoyt and oversight of Mike Ross I was entrusted with my first stand-alone landscape construction project. With the use of recycled on-site stone, I constructed planter beds to support Tiger Eye Sumac specimens (Rhus typhina ‘Bailtiger') to create a gathering space in the middle of the meadow. The entrance for the meadow was designed by Mike Ross and Margaret Mando (a fellow UTK School of Landscape Architecture student) and I was given the opportunity to do detailed construction design, material selection and sourcing as well as the actual building of the entrance. It has allowed me to create, to problem solve and to feel the fulfillment of turning something from just an idea on paper into a physical manifestation in the landscape. From my first experience of walking into a barren field of dirt to walking through the meadow and seeing a diverse mix of Carolina lupine, rattlesnake master, columbine, bee balm, big blue stem, husker red penstemon, false blue indigo, milkweed, mountain mint, and many more plants, I have sharpened my skills and sensibility as a designer, I have built relationships with people and the land, I have deepened my appreciation for our natural world and more importantly found a cause that I want to dedicate my life to…. creating places where people can feel a sense of wonder, beauty, peace and learn with nature. Through the opportunity and foresight of people like Michelle Campanis, Kevin Hoyt, Mike Ross and many more I have realized the true power and impact that a single experience of hands-on learning can provide to someone that is still learning and developing their place in the world. For these experiences I am eternally grateful. You have been listening to The Turf Zone Podcast. Follow The Turf Zone on X, Facebook and LinkedIn for all things turfgrass, featuring podcasts, magazines, events and more. Visit www.theturfzone.com for more. The post Art and Resilience: The Pollinator Garden at the UT Arboretum appeared first on The Turf Zone.

Julie Holt (00:00.204) Welcome to the turf zone. In this relaunch episode, we're talking to Dr. Becky Bowling, assistant professor and extension specialist in turf grass science and management at the University of Tennessee. Dr. Bowling, thank you so much for joining me today. Thank you for having me, Julie. It's good to be here [...] The post The TurfZone Podcast: Dr. Becky Bowling on Industry Recruiting and UT's First Beacon Event appeared first on The Turf Zone.

ATA TURF TIMES: J. Scott McElroy, PhD – Professor, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences Auburn University As a scientist, I hesitate to make predictions such as those a fortune teller might reveal. I wince when I hear people speaking with absolute certainty that this or that will happen in the future. That some [...] The post Alabama Turfgrass Association – A Contrarian's Guide to Autonomous Turfgrass Robotic Technology appeared first on The Turf Zone.

PENNSYLVANIA TURFGRASS: What happens when turf professionals from Penn State Cooperative Extension, the world of professional sports, and the private sector all team up to work on a community turf project? It results in a special “feel-good” synergy that gets the job done and also has great community impact. Westinghouse Academy, an inner-city high school [...] The post Pennsylvania Turfgrass Council – Turfgrass Professionals Make Westinghouse Field of Dreams Come True appeared first on The Turf Zone.

NEW ENGLAND BLADE: Everyone wants better employees and today, that usually requires growing them internally. By starting with a high-potential worker and developing them intentionally, companies are able to build a near-ideal employee ready to tackle their specific issues. But employee development only occurs in the right environment. Employee growth is not unlike plant growth [...] The post NESFMA – Cultivating an Environment of Growth appeared first on The Turf Zone.

MTC NEWS: Fereshteh Shahoveisi In 2023, our team conducted several fungicide and nematicide trials at the UMD Paint Branch Research Facility to evaluate their efficacy against various turfgrass diseases and nematodes. The trials were mainly focused on: • Brown patch and dollar spot affecting fairway and green height creeping bentgrass. • Brown patch on home [...] The post Maryland Turfgrass Council – Fungicide Trials Update – Turfgrass Pathology Program appeared first on The Turf Zone.

MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS: J. Scott McElroy, PhD – Professor, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences Auburn University As a scientist, I hesitate to make predictions such as those a fortune teller might reveal. I wince when I hear people speaking with absolute certainty that this or that will happen in the future. That some team [...] The post Mississippi Turfgrass Association – A Contrarian's Guide to Autonomous Turfgrass Robotic Technology appeared first on The Turf Zone.

ARKANSAS TURFGRASS: J. Scott McElroy, PhD – Professor, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences Auburn University As a scientist, I hesitate to make predictions such as those a fortune teller might reveal. I wince when I hear people speaking with absolute certainty that this or that will happen in the future. That some team [...] The post Arkansas Turfgrass Association – A Contrarian's Guide to Autonomous Turfgrass Robotic Technology appeared first on The Turf Zone.

PENNSYLVANIA TURFGRASS: Brad Jakubowski, Assistant Teaching Professor, Center for Turfgrass Science, Penn State University Keeping an eye on the weather is something professional turfgrass managers have ingrained into our systems. Can I mow today? We check our phones for the most recent forecast. Should I spray today? We monitor dewpoints, humidity and temperatures. Will I [...] The post Pennsylvania Turfgrass Council – Weather Apps and Weather Decisions – Let's Make the Most of Both! appeared first on The Turf Zone.

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS: Kyley Dickson, Ph.D. When it comes time to reseed or renovate an area in the fall or spring, selecting the most suitable grass variety can be a challenging task. Over the years, plant breeders and seed companies have made significant advancements in enhancing their grasses through plant breeding. These improvements include developing grasses [...] The post Tennessee Turfgrass Assoication – Improving Turfgrass Sustainability with Better Genetics appeared first on The Turf Zone.

MTC TURF NEWS: Geoffrey Rinehart Did you know that the University of Maryland turfgrass research program conducts ongoing experiments to evaluate varieties from several different turfgrass species? Using data from these trials and in coordination with data collected by turfgrass researchers at Virginia Tech, and the professionals from the Maryland Department of Agriculture and Virginia [...] The post Maryland Turfgrass Council – Research Updates from UMD / Turfgrass Variety Trial Update appeared first on The Turf Zone.

NEW ENGLAND BLADE: Pam Serratt Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is the predominant cool-season sports turf grass. It was originally introduced to the United States as an amenity grass, forage grass, and for soil erosion control, and we've been successfully using turf-types since their introduction in the 1960s. Although perennial ryegrass is revered in Europe, [...] The post NESTMA – Perennial Ryegrass on Athletic Fields appeared first on The Turf Zone.

VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL: Mike Goatley, Jr., Ph.D., Professor and Extension Turfgrass Specialist, Virginia Tech The 2023 50th Anniversary of the Turfgrass Research Center provided the opportunity for one of the largest Field Day crowds in many years to return to Blacksburg for the two days of festivities on August 28th and 29th. The formal part [...] The post Virginia Turfgrass Council – 50th Anniversary of the Virginia Tech Turfgrass Research Center appeared first on The Turf Zone.

PENNSYLVANIA TURFGRASS: Everyone wants better employees and today, that usually requires growing them internally. By starting with a high-potential worker and developing them intentionally, companies are able to build a near-ideal employee ready to tackle their specific issues. But employee development only occurs in the right environment. Employee growth is not unlike plant growth in [...] The post Pennsylvania Turfgrass Council – Cultivating an Environment of Growth appeared first on The Turf Zone.

NORTH CAROLINA TURFGRASS: TCNC Member Since 2016 Why did you join TCNC? Simple answer; I joined TCNC because I'm in the turfgrass industry and it's a professional organization that supports what I do. If turfgrass is what I do then I'd be crazy not to join it. What drew you to volunteer on the Board [...] The post Turfgrass Council of North Carolina – Board of Directors Spotlight on Greg Harris – Owner, Leapfrog Landcare appeared first on The Turf Zone.

MTC TURF NEWS: Brad Jakubowski, Assistant Teaching Professor, Center for Turfgrass Science, Penn State University Keeping an eye on the weather is something professional turfgrass managers have ingrained into our systems. Can I mow today? We check our phones for the most recent forecast. Should I spray today? We monitor dewpoints, humidity and temperatures. Will [...] The post Maryland Turfgrass Council – Weather Apps and Weather Decisions – Let's Make the Most of Both! appeared first on The Turf Zone.

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS: Jared Marshall It is no secret that job opportunities abound in the turfgrass management industry. Students in the University of Tennessee Turfgrass Science program have the immense benefit of a strong group of professors to advise them on training, internships and job opportunities. Here, Dr. Horvath's student, Jared Marshall shares his exciting internship [...] The post Tennessee Turfgrass Association – TPC Twin Cities – 3M Open appeared first on The Turf Zone.

ARKANSAS TURFGRASS: Everyone wants better employees and today, that usually requires growing them internally. By starting with a high-potential worker and developing them intentionally, companies are able to build a near-ideal employee ready to tackle their specific issues. But employee development only occurs in the right environment. Employee growth is not unlike plant growth in [...] The post Arkansas Turfgrass Association – Cultivating an Environment of Growth appeared first on The Turf Zone.

NEW ENGLAND BLADE: Where did you go to school? I began my turf career at Wachusett Country Club in West Boylston, MA during high school working under Donald and Matt Marrone. This is where my passion for turf began. After high school, I attended UMass Amherst, Stockbridge School of Agriculture majoring in Turfgrass Management. A [...] The post NESTMA – Member Spotlight on Brendon Connor – Superintendent of Grounds, The College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts appeared first on The Turf Zone.

VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL: Jordan Thompson, Thomas Kuhar, Ph.D. and Alejandro Del Pozo, Ph.D. – Department of Entomology, Virginia Tech In the world of turf grass management, earthworms have often been considered our underground allies, contributing to nutrient cycling and soil aeration. Unfortunately, a new earthworm has arrived with the potential to turn our current beliefs [...] The post Virginia Turfgrass Council – Potential Asian Jumping Worm Impact on Turfgrass Management appeared first on The Turf Zone.

PENNSYLVANIA TURFGRASS: Mike Fidanza, Ph.D.1 and John Pope 2 1 Professor of Plant and Soil Science, Penn State Berks Campus; Reading, PA (maf100@psu.edu) 2 Pope Soils Consulting and Counseling Services; Maple Glen, PA (overthefencegarden@gmail.com) The Eastern Pennsylvania Turfgrass Conference and Tradeshow (i.e., “The Eastern”), first began as the Southeastern Pennsylvania Turf School, and was organized [...] The post Pennsylvania Turfgrass Council – History of the Eastern Pennsylvania Turf Conference and Trade Show appeared first on The Turf Zone.

MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS: Barry Stewart, William Stark and Jay McCurdy It all started with a contest/challenge from Cubico Sustainable Investments. Cubico is a global renewable energy infrastructure company, owning and operating large-scale solar farms. As part of its corporate responsibility program, Cubico created a competition for MSU College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS) students to [...] The post Mississippi Turfgrass Association – Searching for the Right Grass on the Delta's Edge Solar Farm appeared first on The Turf Zone.

NORTH CAROLINA TURFGRASS: Ask any landscape professional about business; talent is usually the hot topic. Finding qualified and motivated candidates to work in this dynamic industry seems to be half the business battle. Yet surprisingly, college turfgrass programs are decreasing or folding across the country. Golf Course Management Online estimates a 75% decrease in college [...] The post Turfgrass Council of North Carolina – Growing Turfgrass Graduates – Tools to Boost Green Industry Recruiting appeared first on The Turf Zone.

MTC TURF NEWS: Neal Glatt, CSP, ASM Many leaders seek to hire people who fit their company culture, meaning they choose candidates who share their values, style, or goals. Their theory is that these teams will be more cohesive and aligned to enable performance of key business outcomes. Unfortunately for these leaders, the science shows [...] The post Maryland Turfgrass Council – Hiring for Talent appeared first on The Turf Zone.

ARKANSAS TURFGRASS: Dr. Casey Reynolds, Executive Director TPI Turfgrass Producers International (TPI) has members who produce and sell turfgrass seed and sod in almost every U.S. state and over 30 countries. As I travel to visit with them, speak at conferences, write magazine articles, etc., I often get to speak with producers first-hand about what [...] The post Arkansas Turfgrass Association – State of the Industry – A Perspective from Turfgrass Producers International appeared first on The Turf Zone.

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS: Neal Glatt, CSP, ASM Many leaders seek to hire people who fit their company culture, meaning they choose candidates who share their values, style, or goals. Their theory is that these teams will be more cohesive and aligned to enable performance of key business outcomes. Unfortunately for these leaders, the science shows exactly [...] The post Tennessee Turfgrass Association – Hiring for Talent appeared first on The Turf Zone.

VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL: Brad Jakubowski, Assistant Teaching Professor, Center for Turfgrass Science, Penn State University Keeping an eye on the weather is something professional turfgrass managers have ingrained into our systems. Can I mow today? We check our phones for the most recent forecast. Should I spray today? We monitor dewpoints, humidity and temperatures. Will [...] The post Virginia Turfgrass Council – Weather Apps and Weather Decisions – Let's Make the Most of Both! appeared first on The Turf Zone.

PENNSYLVANIA TURFGRASS: KAFMO's annual Field of Distinction award recipients for 2023 are East Pennsboro Area School District, John Gross Field in Enola, PA and Muncy Bank Ballpark at Historic Bowman Field, the home of the Williamsport Crosscutters. Both facilities deserve recognition for their outstanding record of providing safe, playable conditions for their users. Both fields [...] The post Pennsylvania Turfgrass Council – John Gross Field Groundskeeping Team Receives Field of Distinction Award appeared first on The Turf Zone.

NEW ENGLAND BLADE: Tom Barry, CSFM – Sports Turf Manager, Greens Farms Academy, Westport, CT INTRODUCTION Many schools are challenged to maintain safe, uniform, and healthy playing surfaces due to intense playing schedules and repeated traffic. Fraise mowing is a renovation practice that reinvigorates the turfgrass surface and can remove shallow-rooted weeds (Sitko and Rossi, [...] The post NESTMA – Case Study: Fraise Mowing for Weed Control on Athletic Fields appeared first on The Turf Zone.

MISSISSIPPI TURFGRASS: Neal Glatt, CSP, ASM Many leaders seek to hire people who fit their company culture, meaning they choose candidates who share their values, style, or goals. Their theory is that these teams will be more cohesive and aligned to enable performance of key business outcomes. Unfortunately for these leaders, the science shows exactly [...] The post Mississippi Turfgrass Association – Hiring for Talent appeared first on The Turf Zone.

ATA TURF TIMES: Brad Jakubowski, Assistant Teaching Professor, Center for Turfgrass Science, Penn State University Keeping an eye on the weather is something professional turfgrass managers have ingrained into our systems. Can I mow today? We check our phones for the most recent forecast. Should I spray today? We monitor dewpoints, humidity and temperatures. Will [...] The post Alabama Turfgrass Association – Weather Apps and Weather Decisions – Let's Make the Most of Both! appeared first on The Turf Zone.

NORTH CAROLINA TURFGRASS: Bryan Tolar, Tolar Capitol Partners Symbolism is great, but integrity is what matters. It's a universal truth that confidence in a person or product sustains brand value, whether for automobiles, electronics, whiskey – you name it. With stiff competition in the marketplace and ne'er-do-wells pitching knockoffs, the integrity of a product and [...] The post Turfgrass Council of North Carolina – The Simple Truth of Integrity appeared first on The Turf Zone.

MTC TURF NEWS: Casey O'Neal, Graduate Research Assistant, Auburn University Julie Wang, Graduate Research Assistant, University of Georgia Nikolay Minaev, Graduate Research Assistant, Mississippi State University Movements such as “Save the Bees”, “No Mow May”, and “Let it Bloom June” are recently trending critiques of monoculture lawns. They highlight the lack of plant and insect [...] The post Maryland Turfgrass Council – Ecologically Beneficial Turf A Changing Landscape appeared first on The Turf Zone.

ARKANSAS TURFGRASS: Brad Jakubowski, Assistant Teaching Professor, Center for Turfgrass Science, Penn State University Keeping an eye on the weather is something professional turfgrass managers have ingrained into our systems. Can I mow today? We check our phones for the most recent forecast. Should I spray today? We monitor dewpoints, humidity and temperatures. Will I [...] The post Arkansas Turfgrass Association – Weather Apps and Weather Decisions – Let's Make the Most of Both appeared first on The Turf Zone.