Podcasts about Gyges

Hacer click aquí para enviar sus comentarios a este cuento.Juan David Betancur Fernandezelnarradororal@gmail.comHabía una vez un pastor humilde que vivía en lidia en lo que hoy es Turquía. Aquel pastor se llamaba Gyges y era reconocido en toda la región como un hombre bueno dedicado únicamente a el cuidado de su rebano de ovejas. Gyges había sido pobre toda su vida pero siempre se decía a si mismo que nada necesitaba más allá de su humilde hogar y las ovejas que el daban la alimentación diaria y la lana para cubrir sus necesitades básicas. Pero Gyges estaba a punto de encontrarse consigo mismo sin saberlo. Una mañana cuando el pastor estaba cuidando a las ovejas se empezó a sentir un trepidar de la tierra. Las ovejas se movían asustadas y todos la tierra donde Gyges estaba parado salto. Gyges cayo al suelo y al pararse bien como delante de si había un gran agujero que se había formado justo allí. Con mucho cuidado se acercó y vio que el agujero era muy profundo y que en el fondo de aquella profundidad había algo que brillaba. Curioso decidio adentrarse en aquel agujero atraído por el brillo de aquel objeto que podía ver reflejado por los rayos de sol de aquel medio día.  Con dificultad bajo las escarpadas paredes del agujero y al llegar a la base misma encontró algo que le sorprendió. Un enorme  caballo de metal brillante se encontraba frente a sus ojos. El caballo era del tamaño de su humilde hogar y en su torso se veía una puerta entreabierta. Con algo de dificultad Gyges subio hasta la puerta y cruzándola vio un  ser gigantesco con forma de hombre. El ser estaba muerto, y al examinarlo vio que tenía entre sus manos una anillo de oro. Gyges tomo el anillo y lo examino. Era un circulo perfecto, sin ninguna marca y con un brillo espectacular. Sabiendo que nadie había allí simplemente se puso el anillo en uno de sus dedos y salió de allí antes de que aquella gruta se cerrara.  Al regresar a la superficie Gyges tomo sus pocas pertenencias y arreando las ovejas llego de nuevo a su hogar. Luego partió hacia el pueblo sabiendo que no podría contarle a nadie lo que le había pasado. Allí entro a una taberna y comenzó a departir con sus amigos como usualmente lo hacia. Sin embargo algo sorprendente sucedió. Mientras hablaba movió accidentalmente el anillo haciéndolo girar y de repente noto que sus amigos miraban hacia donde había estado y actuaban como si el no estuviera allí. Se dio cuenta que sus amigos ya no lo veían. Se aparto un poco y moviendo de nuevo el anillo vio como los otros asistentes al bar lo saludaban como si hubiera recién llegado. Se había hecho visible de nuevo. Comprendió lo que había sucedido. Este era un anillo mágico. Si lo movía se hacia invisible y si lo volvía a girar se hacia visible de nuevo. Regresando a su humilde hogar se acostó a analizar lo que le había sucedido y como podría servirle aquello que tenía . Su primer instinto era regresar el anillo a la grieta y olvidarse de ello, pero durante la noche su alma fue modificándose mientras pensaba que podía hacer si permanecía invisible. Gyges había sido siempre un hombre honrado y justo, pero ahora sabía que si nadie lo veía podría actuar sin que nadie se diera cuenta y nadie lo podría juzgar. Y en su ser comenzó a crecer un lucha interna entre el bien y el mal. Al amanecer ya tenía un plan en su mente. Probaría su invisibilidad en el sitio más resguardado de toda la región. En el palacio del Rey de Lidia. Allí habían cientos de guardias siempre atentos, pero quería probar si bajo el influjo de aquel anillo podría recorrer el palacio sin que nadie lo detectara. Y así se lo propuso y salió temprano rumbo al palacio. Al llegar a la puerta de aquel palacio movió el anillo y caminando entre los guardias de la puerta principal pudo entrar sin ningún problema ya

Salvete sodales! Welcome to our series, "Rem Tene;" a Latin podcast presented by Latinitas Animi Causa for beginner and intermediate learners of the Latin language built and designed for the acquisition and understanding of it as a language, not just a code to decipher. In this episode, I, Andreas, tell you the story of Gyges of Lydia, famously featured in Cicero's De Officiis entirely in Latin!. 0:25 - English Intro 0:26 First Round (slow with subtitles) 5:50 - Second Round (natural speed) 9:10 - Rem tenete, verba sequentur! We gloss some words throughout the episode in English and repeat them. We don't, however, gloss everything. Our brains are really good at deducing meaning when we know a lot of the context surrounding words or phrases. The transcript for the show can be found ⁠⁠⁠⁠below so you can follow along. We hope you enjoy this show! Please take some time, if you enjoy this, to rate us and write to us! We love hearing from our listeners and receiving feedback on how we can improve! You can also support us on Patreon (link below); though everything is free, it helps us do what we do and reinvest in creating more Latin and ancient Greek content. Gratias vobis agimus et curate ut valeatis in proximum! Get the transcript here: habesnelac.com/rem-tene/undesexagesimum ----- Support us on Patreon for as low as $3 a month; Your support means the world to us!: patreon.com/habesnelac ----Want to improve your Latin or get some free resources? Check out our website: habesnelac.com -----Join our Twitch Community to chat with us directly tantum Latine! twitch.tv/latinitasanimicausa -----Also check out our new Bio Site to learn more about us! https://bio.site/latinitas -----Have a topic you want us to cover on Rem Tene? Let us know in the comments or here: habesnelac.com/contact ----- Want more free Latin resources or to learn with us? Check out our website: habesnelac.com ----- Follow us on TikTok, YouTube, Instagram, and more by checking out the links on our LinkTree: https://linktr.ee/latinitasanimicausa ----- Follow our podcast for beginner learners, Rem Tene!, here: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast... ----- Follow our flagship podcast for intermediate/advanced learners, Latinitas Animi Causa, here (or wherever you get your resources): https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast... ----- Want to let us know something else? Contact us here: habesnelac.com/contact Ut semper, gratias quam maximas patronis nostris sine quibus haec omnia facere haud possemus agimus!!!

You may have noticed this turn already, but ever since the mention of Jerusalem's fall in chapter 33, God's message to His people has become one of promise and hope for a restoration that will take place in the future. In our last episode, God promised to send a shepherd to his people, one that would be a prince among them from the line of David. Today, the Lord commands Ezekiel to prophesy to a valley of dry bones. Through the word of the Lord, these bones gather into fully restored bodies and stand on their feet. Ezekiel also prophesies against Gog of Magog, which may be the king we know as Gyges of Lydia. Even so, this prophesy goes beyond immediate circumstances to condemn a leader opposed to Israel in the far future.Ezekiel 37 - 1:02 . Ezekiel 38 - 8:06 . Ezekiel 39 - 14:20 .  :::Christian Standard Bible translation.All music written and produced by John Burgess Ross.Co-produced by the Christian Standard Bible.facebook.com/commuterbibleinstagram.com/commuter_bibletwitter.com/CommuterPodpatreon.com/commuterbibleadmin@commuterbible.org

Can you believe there's been another 100 Fan of History episodes since the last time we did this! Take a stroll back in podcast time through the past 100 episodes with Dan and Bernie as they reminisce:Ashurbanipal the OG Assyrian emperor, Dugdamus the Demon King, Nebuchadnezzar nemesis of the Jews, Cyrus the Freaking Great.... and no episode would be complete without good ole GYGES!We hope you enjoy this episode as much as we enjoyed making it and the past 100 episodes!This is a podcast by Dan Hörning and Bernie Maopolski.If you like what we do you can support the Fan of History project on https://www.patreon.com/fanofhistoryContact information:E-mail: zimwaupodcast@gmail.comhttp://facebook.com/fanofhistoryhttps://twitter.com/danhorninghttps://www.instagram.com/dan_horning/Music: “Tudor Theme” by urmymuse.Used here under a commercial Creative Commons license. Find out more at http://ccmixter.org/files/urmymuse/40020 Support the show and listen ad-free to all of the episodes, including episode 1-87. Click here: https://plus.acast.com/s/history. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Daniel O'Toole, assistant professor of politics at Hillsdale College, joins Hugh Hewitt on the Hillsdale Dialogues to continue their series on Plato's Republic. In this episode, Dr. O'Toole and Hugh discuss the myth of the Ring of Gyges. Release date: 16 August 2024See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Daniel O’Toole, assistant professor of politics at Hillsdale College, joins Hugh Hewitt on the Hillsdale Dialogues to continue their series on Plato’s Republic. In this episode, Dr. O’Toole and Hugh discuss the myth of the Ring of Gyges. Release date: 16 August 2024

Daniel O'Toole, assistant professor of politics at Hillsdale College, joins Hugh Hewitt on the Hillsdale Dialogues to continue their series on Plato's Republic. In this episode, Dr. O'Toole and Hugh discuss the myth of the Ring of Gyges. Release date: 16 August 2024See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This week, we continue our series on Plato's Republic by discussing the topics covered in Book 2. The examination of Justice continues with a discussion about the social contract and whether people behave justly on their own accord or simply to avoid punishment. The Ring of Gyges is introduced—a ring that grants invisibility and, therefore, freedom from punishment. The Ring of Gyges influenced J. R. R. Tolkien, and it inspired the Ring of Power from The Lord of the Rings.

To sign up for this summer's seminar for a donation of any amount: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/more-real-than-the-world-ancient-insights-into-the-nature-of-god-tickets-882717049457 … More Plato and the Ring of Gyges Story (Seminar 2024 Readings 2)

Kimse sizi izlemezken ne yapıyorsunuz? Bu soruya vereceğiniz dürüst bir cevap, gerçekte nasıl bir karaktere sahip olduğunuzu da ortaya koyuyor. Daha da önemlisi ahlaki sınırlarınızı bu cevap çiziyor. Hiçbir Şey Tesadüf Değil'in bu bölümünde Gyges'in Yüzüğü hikayesinden yola çıkarak kendi ahlaki sınırlarımızı zorluyoruz.------- Podbee Sunar ------- Samsung Galaxy S24/S24+ ve Galaxy S24 Ultra hakkında daha detaylı bilgi için tıklayınız. Bu podcast, Salus hakkında reklam içerir. Salus hakkında detaylı bilgi almak ve BASLANGIC10 koduyla %10 indirimden faydalanmak için tıklayınız. See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

CITR's 24 Hours of Radio Art in a snack sized format. Dark Ambient. Drone. Field Recordings. Noise. Sound Art. Or something. Friday night's broadcast features Gyges, SEEKERSINTERNATIONAL, Open To The Sea, Eighth Tower Records' ‘Witchcraft and Black Magic In The United States‘ collection, David Wallraf, The Owl, Point of Memory, Francisco Meirino, and Selfish Limbs. Starting at Midnight Pacific on CiTR 101.9FM, streaming at PLAYER.CITR.CA !! Donate to CITR 101.9FM's Fundrive 2024 tonight and win one of five experimental music prize packs courtesy of Ro and our friends at Leipzig's Adventurous Music. Prize packs include: v/a Relatives Schoensein 2 Celet / Carbone – Celet / Carbone Manuel Carbone – Leipzig 23/10/23 Morin Heights Doom Quintet – 1 Selfish Limbs – Symbols

In this week's episode of The Read Well Podcast, titled "Why Are You Trying So Hard to Impress Everyone? (Let's Ask Plato)", I'm excited to take you on a philosophical journey back to ancient Greece, exploring Plato's "The Republic." Our main focus is on the compelling concept of moral motivation, as vividly illustrated through the story of the Ring of Gyges. This tale not only delves into the essence of morality and justice but also echoes our contemporary struggles between authenticity and the desire to impress.But that's not all for this episode! I have some exciting community updates to share. I've recently revamped [thereadwellpodcast.com](http://thereadwellpodcast.com/), transforming it into a vibrant community hub for book lovers. Here, you can connect with fellow reading enthusiasts, join in my live book club sessions, and enjoy exclusive benefits tailored for our community members.Whether you're deeply into philosophy, curious about human behavior, or simply seeking a meaningful connection with like-minded readers, this episode is crafted for you. Tune in for a thought-provoking exploration of moral motivation with a side of engaging community news. Your journey towards deeper understanding and connection starts here, on The Read Well Podcast.********************IMPORTANT LINKS:

For their eighth Advent 2023 mini-episode, Martin and Eleanor are facing down eternity to talk Five Gold Rings!They begin talking about the special properties of gold and the symbolism of rings from Ancient Egypt to today, including the significance of the gifts made in the story of Jesus' birth. Then, before long, they're discussing the mythical Ouroboros, the Ring of Gyges, Norse and Anglo-Saxon runic rings, and the mythical Seal of Solomon which made its wearer able to speak to animals and summon Princes of Hell to do the day job if you fancied going on holiday...The Three Ravens is an English Myth and Folklore podcast hosted by award-winning writers Martin Vaux and Eleanor Conlon.Released on Mondays, each weekly episode focuses on one of England's 39 historic counties, exploring the history, folklore and traditions of the area, from ghosts and mermaids to mythical monsters, half-forgotten heroes, bloody legends, and much, much more. Then, and most importantly, the pair take turns to tell a new version of an ancient story from that county - all before discussing what that tale might mean, where it might have come from, and the truths it reveals about England's hidden past...With Bonus Episodes released on Thursdays (Magic and Medicines about folk remedies and arcane spells, Three Ravens Bestiary about cryptids and mythical creatures, Dying Arts about endangered heritage crafts, and Something Wicked about folkloric true crime from across history) plus a range of exclusive content on Patreon, audio ghost tours, the Three Ravens Newsletter, and monthly Three Ravens Film Club episodes about folk horror films from across the decades, why not join us around the campfire and listen in?Learn more at www.threeravenspodcast.com, join our Patreon at www.patreon.com/threeravenspodcast, and find links to our social media channels here: https://linktr.ee/threeravenspodcast Get bonus content on Patreon Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Ezekiel 37 - 1:02 . Ezekiel 38 - 8:06 . Ezekiel 39 - 14:20 . You may have noticed this turn already, but ever since the mention of Jerusalem's fall in chapter 33, God's message to His people has become one of promise and hope for a restoration that will take place in the future. In our last episode, God promised to send a shepherd to his people, one that would be a prince among them from the line of David. Today, the Lord commands Ezekiel to prophesy to a valley of dry bones. Through the word of the Lord, these bones gather into fully restored bodies and stand on their feet. Ezekiel also prophesies against Gog of Magog, which may be the king we know as Gyges of Lydia. Even so, this prophesy goes beyond immediate circumstances to condemn a leader opposed to Israel in the far future.:::Christian Standard Bible translation.All music written and produced by John Burgess Ross.Co-produced by the Christian Standard Bible.facebook.com/commuterbibleinstagram.com/commuter_bibletwitter.com/CommuterPodpatreon.com/commuterbibleadmin@commuterbible.org

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient philosopher Plato's work, The Republic, in particular book 2. Specifically it examines one of the most striking metaphors of the book: The Ring of Gyges, which turns its possessor invisible, and is liable to lead the wielder into injustice. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 2500 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler You can get a copy of Plato's Republic here - amzn.to/2wHmi3p

Actor, comedian, writer, producer, and musician Fred Armisen joins Eric and Taylor this week to ponder the twin mysteries of morality and moral motivation. Do we do good only out of a fear of blame and punishment? Would most people do wrong, if they knew no one was looking? Tune in and learn what Plato said Gyges did with the invisibility ring he found in a ditch. Also find out what Fred thinks Stone Age comedy probably looked like. 

Ezekiel 37 - 1:02 . Ezekiel 38 - 8:06 . Ezekiel 39 - 14:20 . You may have noticed this turn already, but ever since the mention of Jerusalem's fall in chapter 33, God's message to His people has become one of promise and hope for a restoration that will take place in the future. In our last episode, God promised to send a shepherd to his people, one that would be a prince among them from the line of David. Today, the Lord commands Ezekiel to prophesy to a valley of dry bones. Through the word of the Lord, these bones gather into fully restored bodies and stand on their feet. Ezekiel also prophesies against Gog of Magog, which may be the king we know as Gyges of Lydia. Even so, this prophesy goes beyond immediate circumstances to condemn a leader opposed to Israel in the far future.:::Christian Standard Bible translation.All music written and produced by John Burgess Ross.Co-produced by the Christian Standard Bible.facebook.com/commuterbibleinstagram.com/commuter_bibletwitter.com/CommuterPodpatreon.com/commuterbibleadmin@commuterbible.org

weil menschen begleitung brauchen – und auch kontrolle …File Download (11:33 min / 5 MB)

If a person found a ring that gave them the ability to be invisible and face no consequences for how they acted would they have any reason to act justly? This is the Ring of Gyges example found in the second book of Plato's Republic. Tune in as this long standing philosophical thought experiment is cracked open. Send your questions, comments, and ideas for future episodes to: eggtimerphilosophy@gmail.com Art Attribution: By RaphaelQS - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=65546874

Critics of blockchain often say that it is nothing more than a database, but today's guest, Ari Juels, has a different opinion. His technical expertise (he is a Professor of Computer Science at Cornell Tech), combined with his ability to understand both sides of a divisive topic like this one, make for a very insightful conversation about Bitcoin, NFTs, and smart contracts. We talk about the reasons for the valid skepticism that surrounds blockchain technology, the various reasons that Ari believes that it is a powerful, useful tool, despite its downfalls, pyramid schemes, decentralized exchanges and more!   Key Points From This Episode:   The significance of the Bitcoin innovation to Ari's field of study. (0:03:40) What piqued Ari's initial interest in digital currency. (0:04:46) Ari explains the difference between permission and permissionless blockchains. (0:06:27) Comparing a permission blockchain with a distributed-append-only database with authorized contributors. (0:08:34) A number of reasons why permissionless blockchains have been so widely embraced (despite Ari's initial prediction to the contrary). (0:12:24) Fraud in the cryptocurrency space; Ari shares his thoughts. (0:14:28) The benefits of the cultural phenomenon of NFTs. (0:19:25) Examples of NFT-related issues that still need to be addressed. (0:26:04) How smart contracts can be used by criminals to their advantage. (0:30:09) Why smart contracts are well suited for compliance. (0:32:02) An example of a smart contract pyramid scheme. (0:35:48) Some of the pros and cons of the inflexibility of smart contracts. (0:41:09) What flash loans are and what they can be used for. (0:46:11) Understanding the value of oracle systems. (0:50:04) How the Candid system that Ari's group developed helps to mitigate the problem of lost Bitcoin keys. (0:57:04) Ari explains the advantages and disadvantages of a decentralized exchange. (01:01:19) How the blockchain has improved code writing. (01:07:57) The importance of balancing privacy and accountability in DeFi systems. (01:09:38) Ari's thoughts about the future potential of blockchain technology. (01:14:03) The biggest concerns that Ari has about the blockchain space. (01:15:24) Why skepticism about blockchain technology is valid. (01:17:31) The facet of the blockchain space that Ari is most excited about. (01:19:51)     Links From Today's Episode: Rational Reminder on iTunes — https://itunes.apple.com/ca/podcast/the-rational-reminder-podcast/id1426530582. Rational Reminder Website — https://rationalreminder.ca/  Shop Merch — https://shop.rationalreminder.ca/ Join the Community — https://community.rationalreminder.ca/ Follow us on Twitter — https://twitter.com/RationalRemind Follow us on Instagram — @rationalreminder Benjamin on Twitter — https://twitter.com/benjaminwfelix Cameron on Twitter — https://twitter.com/CameronPassmore Ari Juels on Twitter — https://twitter.com/AriJuels Ari Juels — https://www.arijuels.com/ The Ring of Gyges: Using Smart Contracts for Crime — http://www.arijuels.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Gyges.pdf NFTs for Art and Collectables: Primer and Outlook — https://www.arijuels.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/NFTs__Primer_and_Outlook.pdf ‘Huge mess of theft and fraud:' artists sound alarm as NFT crime proliferates — https://www.theguardian.com/global/2022/jan/29/huge-mess-of-theft-artists-sound-alarm-theft-nfts-proliferates Incomplete Contracts and Control — https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/hart-lecture.pdf Chainlink 2.0: Next Steps in the Evolution of Decentralized Oracle Networks — https://research.chain.link/whitepaper-v2.pdf?_ga=2.99068702.124468793.1661870135-1990502175.1661870135 Flash Boys 2.0: Frontrunning, Transaction Reordering, and Consensus Instability in Decentralized Exchanges — https://arxiv.org/pdf/1904.05234.pdf Themis: Fast, Strong Order-Fairness in Byzantine Consensus — https://eprint.iacr.org/2021/1465.pdf Cleaning Up Cryptocurrency: The Energy Impacts of Blockchains — https://energycommerce.house.gov/sites/democrats.energycommerce.house.gov/files/documents/Witness%20Testimony_Juels_OI_2022.01.20.pdf The Seven Grand Challenges — https://www.initc3.org/projects.html

What if you had a magic object, say a ring, that when used would render you invisible, allowing for you to get away with whatever you wanted? How would you use this power? For good actions, or bad? And what is good (virtue) and bad (vice) anyway? Join us as we unpack this classic thought experiment from Plato's The Republic.Open Door Philosophy on Twitter @d_parsonage or @opendoorphilOpen Door Philosophy on Instagram @opendoorphilosophyOpen Door Philosophy website at opendoorphilosophy.comContact us via email at contact@opendoorphilosophy.com 

مقدمة:بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم والحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على أشرف الأنبياء والمرسلين سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين. سبحانك اللهم لا علم لنا إلا ما علمتنا أنك انت العليم الحكيم.أي شخص مطلع على الأدب او يلعب ألعاب فيديو أو يقرأ قصص مصورة أو يشاهد أفلام انمي يعلم مدى أثر الأساطير اليونانية على المخرجات الترفيهية. بل أن الأساطير، بالإضافة للأدب اليوناني، أثرت حتى على العلوم الإنسانية مثل الآتي:• علم النفس: مصطلح اضطراب الشخصية النرجسية نسبة لنرجس الأسطورة (Narcissus) • علم النفس والمسرح: عقدة أوديب (Oedipus Complex) التي ذكرها فرويد في كتابه تفسير الأحلام والمبنية على المسرحية اليونانية (أوديب ملكا) للمؤلف المسرحي سوفوكليس (Sophocles) والمذكورين في كتاب الأوديسة لهومر.• علم الجغرافيا: موسوعات الخرائط نسبة لأطلس حامل الأرض (Atlas).• في الطب: المخدر المورفين نسبة لمورفيوس إله تكوين الأحلام. (Morpheus).• قي الرياضة: الألعاب الأولمبية وشعلة النار بروميثيوس (Prometheus)• في تقنية المعلومات: حصان طروادة يطلق على الفيروس المتسلسل والمأخوذ من ملحمة هوميروس الإلياذة (Trojan Horse)• في أنظمة الدفاع "كعب أخيل" (Achilles Heel): والمقصود بها نقطة الضعف في أي نظام دفاعي والمأخوذة من موت أخيل في ملحمة طروادة عن طريق رميه بسهم مسموم في كعبه.• في الفن: "تأثير بيجماليون"، نسبة إلى بجيماليون النحات الكاره للنساء، ونحت تمثال لامرأة من العاج ووقع في حبها. وتعني لمن يقع في حب الشيء الذي يبتكره وبالتالي يصبح استثنائياًوغيرها الكثير من الأمثلة واليوم سوف تكون حلقتنا عن الوجود وقصص ميلاد الآلهة اليونانية وانوه ان لأصدقائنا الذين يستمعون إلينا عبر سحابة أدب بأن مدة الحلقة 45 دقيقة ولذا تجدون التكملة في الجزء التالي من هذه الحلقة.وأود ان أوضح التالي:• أن حلقات هاوس زوفي من الناحية العلمية ليست أكاديمية وهي أقرب للدردشة العلمية والتي ربما نخطئ في معلومة او نكون غير دقيقين في بعضها ورغم ذلك سنبذل جهدنا بإيصال المعلومة الصحيحة مع ذكر مرجعها.• اعتمدت على رسم شجرة الأنساب اليونانية عن طريق المايكروسوفت ورد نظام الهيكل الإداري وهو ليس برنامج فعال لرسم الشجر بصفة عامة وبصفة خاصة لشجرة النسب اليوناني الآلهي وستعرفون مدى تعقد الأنساب اليونانية في هذه الحلقة. لذا جعلت الذكر باللون الأزرق والأنثى باللون الأخضر افتراضا مني انهم ذكور واناث.في البداية لابد ان نأخذ نبذة مختصرة جدا عن:• أهم الكتب التراثية وبعض المراجع الحديثة.• أنساب الشعب اليوناني وارتباطها بنسب الآلهة.• طبيعة وجغرافية أرض اليونان.أهم الكتب اليونانيةبالنسبة لأهم الكتب لقصص وأساطير الشعب اليوناني:• كتب الأساطير والملاحم:o ميلاد او نسب الآلهة (Theogony) لهيسيود (Hesiod) وهو كتاب صغير لكن عظيم يذكر فيه تزاوج الآلهة والطيتان والكيانات الأولية والوحوش.o الأشغال والأيام (Work and Days) كذلك لهيسيود (Hesiod) كتبه لأخيه بيرسيس (Perses) الذي اغتصب ارضه بالتعاون مع أحد القضاء ويخبره لابد من التعب للحصول على الأرض وهذا كله بسبب الآلهة والمشاكل التي فيما بينها وهو كتاب مهم يوضح فيه قصص واجيال البشر عند الإغريق وكذلك يحكي فيه قصة باندورا وكيف المرأة بلاء على الرجال من زيوس.o كتاب المرأة (Catalogue of woman) او إييا (Ehoiai) لهيسيود (Hesiod) كتاب مفقود لم توجد منه إلا شذرات قليلة رغم ذلك به معلومات مهمة عن نسب اليونانيين وغير انساب اليونانيين.o ملحمة الإلياذة (Iliad) لهوميروس (Homer): قصة حرب الطرواديين (The Trojans) مع الآخيين (Achaean) والتي استمرت 10 سنوات، واختطاف باريس (Paris) الطروادي لهيلين (Helen Troy) زوجة ملك أسبرطة (Sparta) ميلنيوس (Menelaus). وقصص الأبطال: آخيل (Achilles)، باتروكلُس (Patroclus)، هيكتور (Hector)، أوديسيوس (Odysseus) وحصان طروادة الشهير. o ملحمة الأوديسة (Odyssey) لهوميروس (Homer): الملحمة الثانية لهوميروس والتي تأتي أحداثها بعد حرب طروادة (Trojan War) مباشرة. وبطلها أوديسيوس (Odysseus) ملك إيثكا (Ithaca) الذي تاه في البلاد والبحار 10 سنوات بسبب لعنة بسيادون (Poseidon) إله البحر وقصة زوجته بينولبي (Penelope) مع الذين أرادوا الزواج منها للاستيلاء على مُلك أوديسيوس.o ملحمة الأرجونوتيكا ((Argonautica لأبولونيوس الرودسي (Apollonius of Rhodes) التي تحكي قصة جيسون (Jason) مع بحارة الأرجون (The Argo) والصوف الذهبي (Golden Fleece)o أشغال هرقل (The Labors of Heracles): قصة أعمال هرقل الاثنا عشر كلف بها للتكفير عن خطاياه بسبب لعنة هيرا (Hera) زوجة زوس (Zeus) وكل مهمة أصعب من الأخرى وفي كل مرة كان يقتل وحش أسطوري مثل الأسد النيمي (the Nemean lion) والهيدرا (Lernaean Hydra) وأشهر كتاب القصة هو بيسندار (Peisander) وهو اول من ذكر ان هرقل بعد ان قتل الأسد النيمي سلخه وارتدى جلده. وقد عملنا حلقة في بودكاست كارتونيشن عن أعمال هرقل مقارنة بفيلم ديزني (Hercules). • بعض المراجع لمن أراد الاستزادة:o كتاب المكتبة اليونانية Bibliotheca او مكتبة أبولودورس الزائف (Pseudo-Apollodorus) وهذا كتاب مهم جدا فهو يسرد التاريخ اليوناني الأسطوري بطريقة سلسلة جدا وهو أسهل الكتب رغم كتابته بعد القرن الأول للميلاد.o الأدب اليوناني - من سلسلة زدني علما o الميتولوجيا اليونانية -من سلسلة زدني علماo تاريخ الأدب اليوناني – الدكتور علاء صابر -مكتبة لبنان ناشرونo كتاب التحولات أو مسخ الكائنات (The Metamorphoses) لأوفيد (Ovid) وهو شاعر روماني كتبه في القرن الثامن فقد جمع القصص اليونانية والرومانية الشفهية وتوجد ترجمتين:o مسخ الكائنات - نسخة دار المعارف - محمد عكاشةo التحولات – ترجمة أدونيس.o وانا انصح بكتاب باللغة الإنجليزي وهو دليل جيد يجمع لك القصص ومصادرها واهمها واسمه:o A brief guide to the Greek myths by Stephen p. Kershawنسب الشعب اليوناني الأسطورينسب الشعب اليوناني:الشعب اليوناني مصنف اصطلاحياً من الشعب الهندو-أوربي الشعوب التي هاجرت من منقطة بين اسيا وأوربا ولكن يهمنا هنا الفكرة الأسطورية وليس الفكرة الأنثروبولوجيه. فهم يعتقدون ان نسبهم امتداد ومتصل بالآلهة الأولمبية والطيتان فالقصة تحكي ان هناك شخص اسمه دوكيليان (Deucalion) وزوجته بيرا (Pyrra) وهو يمثل نوح في الأخبار التوحيدية فله قصة مشابهة لقصة نوح عليه السلام والطوفان سنذكرها في حينه.• دوكيليان قيل انه بن بروميثيوس خالق البشر ومختلف في امه قيل انها هيسيوني (Hesione) وفقاً لهيسيود.• بيرا هي ابنة ابيمثيوس (Epimetheus)، اخ بروميثيوس، وامها باندورا (Pandora) صاحبة قصة الصندوق وكذلك سنذكرها في حينه.• دوكيليان وبيرا لديهم ثلاثة أبناء يمثلون السلالة والقبائل اليونانية:o هيلين وثيا وباندورا الثانية• هيلين هذا ما يطلقون به اليونانيين أنفسهم حتى اليوم لذا تجد ان اليونان اسمها الجمهورية الهيلينية وتجد في جوازهم الجنسية هيليني. o هيلين لديه ثلاثة أبناء من حورية ماء الـ(nymph)أورسيس (Orseis): أيوليس (Aeolus) اب (الأيوليين)  دوروس (Dorus) اب الدوريين) زاذس (Xuthus) وهذا زاذس لديه ابنين:• أخايس (Achaeus) اب الآخيون.• واخيراً أيونيس (Iones) أب الأيونين وقيل ان العرب اسمتهم اليونانيين بناءاً عليه.• ثيا قيل انها حبلت بواسطة زيوس (Zeus) وانجبت:o ماجنس (magnes)o ومقدون (Macedon) سلالة الإسكندر الأكبر (Alexander the Great) والفيلسوف ارسطو (Aristotle) ولهذا السبب قيل انه لم يرث اكاديمية افلاطون (Plato) لأنه ليس أثينيي (هيليني)• باندورا الثانية حبلت أيضا بواسطة زيوس وأنجب جرايكوس (Gragecus) وأبناء هذا جرايكوس كانوا من اول المهاجرين لبلاد روما (إيطاليا) وبسبب ذلك سمي الشعب اليوناني بالإغريق.o جرايكوس (Gragecus) لديه حسب هيسيود (Hesiod) بن اسمه لاتينوس (Latinus) هل هو أب اللاتينيين؟ هل هو لاتينوس المذكور في الإنيادة (Aeneid) للشاعر الروماني فيرجل (Virgil)؟ هل فيرجل (Virgil) هو المذكور في الكوميديا الإلهية (Divine Comedy) للشاعر الإيطالي دانتي (Dante)؟ دانتي وفيرجل من ديفل ماي كراي (Devil may cry)؟ الله أعلم.o إضافة أخيرة للأنساب: وفقاً لهيسيود في كتاب المرأة هناك شخص اسمه عربوس (Arabus) او عريبيوس (Arabius) هو بن هرميس (Hermes) وثرونيا (Thronia).وهذا نبذة جدا مبسطة لسلالة الشعب اليوناني ودائما ما تجد عند التعمق في السلالات اليونانية حتى بعد الامتداد نجد ان نسباً لأحدى الآلهات او الطيتان بطريقة او بأخرى.الطبيعة الجغرافية والسياسية لليونانالطبيعة الجغرافية: اليونان شبه جزيرة طبيعتها وعرة وكثيرة الجبال وحولها جزر صغيرة كثيرة داخلها جبال ومرتفعات كذلك.  ولهذا كان الاتصال بين المدن شبه صعب بسبب وعارة الطرق وقيل هذا أحد أسباب عدم توحدهم كدولة وحدة الا في عهد الإسكندر.ولكن الملاحة البحرية بين الجزر في بحر ايجة شبه عوضت التواصل ولهذا التجارة الملاحية في كانت مثمرة بينهم وكأن البحر عوض ووحد ما فرقته الجبال والأرض. وقد سكنوا اليونانيين في أجزاء من مصر بالإسكندرية، وكذلك على الساحل الغربي في تركيا وقيل ان هناك حصلت معركة الإلياذة الشهيرة في مدينة طروادة.الطبيعة السياسية:ذكرنا ان صعوبة التواصل بين اليونانيين بسبب الظروف الجغرافية للمنطقة كانت أحد أسباب عدم توحدهم في دولة وحدة لذا كانت المدن والجزر اليونانية عبارة عن دول مستقلة صغيرة (City State) بعضها جزر ومدن ممالك، بعضها جزر ومدن جمهورية، بعضها جزر ومدن عشائر وقبائل.وهكذا نكون انتهينا من مقدمة الحلقة ونبدأ بقصص ميلاد الآلهة.ميلاد الآلهةمصدر القصص والأنسلب لهذا البودكاست:o بالنسبة لميلاد الآلهة سأذكر التي بها قصص واظن انه مهم، معتمداً على كتاب هيسيود ميلاد الآلهة.o الشعب اليوناني كان يتداول هذا القصص بشكل شفهي والكتب التي ذكرناها كتبت لاحقا في أعمال شعرية واعمال ملحمية وأعمال مسرحية.كيف يبدأ هيسيود ميلاد الآلهة: يذكر هيسيود بأنها إلهام من الميوسيس (The Muses)، ربات الفنون التسعة والتي ظهرن في فيلم ديزني هرقل، وأنهن يرقصن وينشدن في جبل هيليكون (Helicon Mount) وقد اهدياه غصن زيتون وسيلة تواصل بينه وبين ربات الفنون ومن خلال ألهم بقصيدة الثيوجني (Theogony).o ذكر هيسيود ان ربات الفنون التسعة، إذا فضلن ملك من الملوك، فبمجرد ميلاده يصببن من ريقهن في فمه فيصبح عذب الكلام.o وهن بنات زيوس من امهم نيموزين، في انمي بهذا الاسم، آلهة الذاكرة وهي أحد بنات اورانوس وجايا.o زيوس تشكل في شكل بشري وواقع نيموزين (Mnemosyne) تسعة ليالي وفي كل يوم كانت تنجب أنثى وهن: كليو ربة التاريخ (Cleo) اوتربي ربة الموسيقى (Euterpe) تالي ربة الكوميديا (Thalia) ملبومين للمأساة او التراجيديا (Melpomene) ترببسيكور للرقص (Terpsichore)  اراتوا للشعر الغنائي او به وصف حسي (Erato) بوليمني للمسرح (Polyhymnia) اوراني للفلك (Urania) كاليوب للشعر الملحمي (Calliope).وقد ذكرت مقدمة هيسيود عن ربات الفنون لأن القارئ للأدب او الملاحم اليونانية دائما ما سيجد أن المؤلف يبدأ بالابتهال لهؤلاء التسعة.قصص الوجود:نجد في قصص الميلاد أو أنساب الآلهة أن الوجود وجد قبل ميلاد الآلهة. والآلهة بعد ذلك أتت لكي تنظم الوجود. وانتهز هذه الفرصة في ذكر أنواع الكائنات عند اليونان:• الكيانات الأولية (Primordial):الكيانات التي ظهرت مع بداية الوجود وتمثل الطبيعة وظواهرها، وظهر منهم أول من حكم العالم.• الجبابرة (Titans):الجبابرة: الجيل الثاني والذي أزاح الكيانات من الحكم وأخذ مكانهم.• الأولمبيين (The Olympians):الجيل الثالث والذي خاض حرب ضد الجبابرة (Titanomachy) وحكم العالم. وأطلق عليهم الأولمبيين لاتخاذهم جبل أوليمبس سكن لهم.• المخلوقات الأسطورية (Mythical Creatures): الوحوش (Monsters)، الحوريات (Nymphs)، القنطور (Centaur)، وغيرهم من ابناء الجبابرة وملعوني الأولمبيين.• أنصاف الآلهة (Demi-God):كائنات نصفها آلهة ونصفها بشر وهؤلاء كثير منهم أبطال وكثير منهم أبناء زوس مثل: بيرسيوس (Perseus)، هيراكليس (Heracles)، آخيل (Achilles) وهؤلاء لديهم الفرصة للترقي ويصبحون آلهة مثل داينوسيس (Dionysus).• البشر:هؤلاء الذين عاصروا وعبدوا الآلهة منذ جيلهم الذهبي (Golden Age) وحتى الجيل الحديدي (Iron Age) وسنذكر قصصهم بالتفصيل ان شاء الله.الكائنات الأولية:• أول الكيانات وجوداً هو كايوس (Chaos) ويمثل الخواء وقد ظهر في لعبة هيديس (Hades Video Game). • ثم ظهرت جايا (Gaia) وهي تمثل الأرض، وظهر تارتورس (Tartarus) ويمثل قاع قاع الأرض وظهر كذلك ايروس (Eros) وهو يمثل الرغبة.o قيل ان هؤلاء الثلاث هم أبناء كايوس وقيل انهم ظهروا مع كايوس.• كايوس لديه أبناء آخرين:o نيكس (Nyx) وتمثل الليل. وظهرت في لعبة هيديسo ايريبس (Erebus) يمثل الظلام.• نيكس واخاها ايريبس قرروا انهم ينجبوا كيانات أخرى وسنرى ان إنجاب الأخ من أخته طبيعي جداً عند الآلهة اليونانية:• هيمرا (Hemera) وهو يمثل النهار.• ايثر (Aether) وهو غطاء السماء التي تتنفسه الكيانات لذا في الألعاب الروائية (Table-top RPG) والعاب الفيديو (RPG Games) نجد ان الذي ينعش نقاط السحر المستخدمة او المفقودة مشروب الإيثر (Ether).وطبيعي جدا ان الكيانات ممكن تقرر الإنجاب بدون أي تواصل جنسي ومن ذاتها بالفيض مثل أبناء نيكس (Nyx):• ثانتوس (Thanatos) وهو مثل ملك الموت وهو ظهر في لعبة هيديس• موروس (Moros) وهو يمثل الهلاك (Doom).• هيبنوس (Hypnos) وهو يمثل النوم وقد ظهر في لعبة هيديس أيضاً.• أونيروس (Oneiros) وهو يمثل الأحلام.• مومس (Momus) ويمثل اللوم السخرية او إله الساتير (Satir) كائن اسطوري.• اوزيس (Oziys) ويمثل الويل.• وعندها كذلك الكيريس (The Keres) هن كائنات بأجنحة يمثلن المصير الموت المفجع ولهن دور مثل الفالكيريس لكن هن لا يأخذن الموتى من المقاتلين للجنة إنما لقاع الجحيم. • والثلاثي الميوري (Moirai) سيدات القدر:o كلوثو التي تغزل وتلف الخيطo ليتشيس التي تمد خيطo أتروبوس التي تقطع الخيط• وكذلك عندها الهيسبريديس (Hesperides) حوريات الغسق (Evening Nymphs)، حارسات التفاح الذهبي وقيل انهن سبع.• نيميسيس (Nemesis) ويمثل القصاص ولهذا يسمى العدو الأكبر للأبطال بالنميسيس • أباتي (Apate) تمثل التضليل (Deception)• جيراس (Geras) ويمثل الشيوخة.• فيلوتيس (Philotes) ويمثل المحبة او الصداقة.• ديسكورد (Discord) نعم ديسكورد أو ايريس (Eris) وتمثل الخلاف.ما ذكرت هذا نموذج لميلاد او تزاوج الآلهة وكتاب هيسيود يذكر عشرات الآلهة المولودة بالتزاوج، محارم او بغير محارم، أو بالفيض. ومن هؤلاء الآلهة كريتوس (Kreatos) ويمثل القوة أو القدرة هو بن الجبار بالاس (Pallas) ونهر الجحيم (Styx) واكتفي بهذا القدر من نموذج ميلاد الآلهة وندخل على أول الملاحم.أولى الدماء بين الآلهةجايا (Gaia) واقعت ابنها أورانوس (Uranus) وأنجبوا الذين يطلق عليهم:• الجبابرة أو التيتان او إذا نقحرت الطيتان (The Titans) وهم اثنا عشر: 1. اوكيانوس (Okeanos) وهذا شيخ كبير واب لكثيرين.2. كويوس ((Coeus.3. كريوس (Crius).4. هايبريون (Hyperion).5. ايابتوس (Iapetus).6. ثيا (Theia).7. ريا (Rhea).8. ثيميس (Themis).9. نيموزين (Mnemosyne) أم ربات الفنون.10. فيبي (Phoebe) وليست فيبي من (Friends).11. تيثس (Tethys).12. كرونوس (Cronus) أصغرهم وله قصة مهمة سنذكرها بعد قليل.• وأنجبوا الثلاثي السايكلوبس (Cyclops) وهم الذين صنعوا الأسلحة لزيوس واخوته وهو دور مشابه للأقزام (Dwarfs) في الأساطير النورسية (Norse Mythology):1. برونتوس (Brontes) ويمثل الرعد.2. ستروبس (Steropes) ويمثل البرق.3. ارجس (Arges) ويمثل الوميض.• ذو المئة اليد (the Hecatoncheires) والذين يجب الا يذكروا حسب هيسيود ولكن يذكرهم:1. كوتاس (Cottus).2. برورياس (Briareus)3. جايجيس (Gyges).أترون كل هؤلاء الأبناء؟ اورانوس كان لا يحبهم ويكرههم، بالذات الثلاثي الأخير، وكان كل ولد من هؤلاء عندما تلده جايا يقوم اورانوس بحبسه في مكان سري داخل جايا وقيل داخل تارتروس (Tartus). طبيعي جدا هذا كان يزعج جايا فقد تمددت وترهلت بسبب هذا الحشي، ولذلك بغضت ابنها اورانوس وقامت بصناعة سلاح أسود مكون من مادة الأدمانتيوم (adamantium) يشبح المنجل (Sickle) أو المحش (Scythe) وأعلنت بعد ذلك لجميع أبنائها من يقوم بالإنتقام من ابيهم ويساعدها؟ فتطوع لذلك إبنها الأصغر كرونوس وأخذ المنجل وانتظر اللحظة الحاسمة؛ فقد كان اورانوس يهبط من السماء دائما على الأرض لجايا وينام. هنا اتى كرونوس (Cronos)بضربة واحدة قام بخصي اباه اورانوس. وهنا تناثرت الدماء وبعض قطرات المني وهبطت على الأرض والبحر:• فقطرات الدماء التي سقطت على جايا الأرض بعدها مباشرة ولدوا:1. الساخطات (The Furies) او الإيرنيس (The Erinyes): اليكتو (Alecto)، تيسفوني (Tisphone)، وميجرا (Megra) وهؤلاء يتنقمن من الذي يحنث قسمه للآلهة او يقسم بالآلهة قسم كاذب.2. العمالقة (Giants)3. حوريات المُران (Ash-tree Nypmhs)• أما قطرات المني فسقطت على البحر وتحولت إلى رغوة فولدت أفروديت (Aphrodite).بعد ذلك قام كرونوس بتحرير أخوته من الجبابرة الأثناعشر، ماعدا السايكلوبس وذو المئة يد! وكأنه يقول المشكلة منكما فعلاً! (it's not you. It is you!). وهذا مجدداً أغضب جايا فهي لم تتكبد هذا العناء لكي يظلوا أبنائهم حبسى.ميلاد الأولمبيينلعنة أورانوس:الكيان أورانوس (Uranus) غضب على ابنه كرونوس (Cronos) وتنبأ بأن من أبنائه من سيأخذ من الحكم بسبب فعلته تلك. ولم يفت من كرونوس أخطار تلك النبوءة، فقد أختار كرونوس اخته ريا (Rhea) زوجة له وأجبت له الأولمبيين. ولكي يتجنب لعنة أباه أورانوس كان كرونوس بمجرد ميلاد أبنائه يبلعهم مباشرة دون ان ينظر إليهم وكان من ابتلعهم كرونوس بالترتيب هم:1. هيستيا (Hestia).2. ديميتر (Dimeter).3. هيرا (Hera).4. هيديس (Hades).5. بوسيدون (Poseidon).ميلاد زوس:هذا أحزن وأغضب زوجة كرونوس، ريا. وقد كانت ريا حامل بجنين أخير ولا تريد له مصير أخوته السابقين. فقامت ريا بالشكوى لصاحبة التجربة جايا. فأشارت جايا على ريا ان تلد مولودها في معبد بجزيرة كريت (Crete) وهو الأبن الأخير لكرونوس، سيد الآلهة، الماجن، المتحول، اب الكثيرين، وزوج وعاشق لكثيرات الآله زوس (Zeus). بعد ولادة زوس أودعته ريا لدى جايا، ثم ذهب جايا لكرونوس معها حجر ملفوف برداء كأنه طفل حديث الولادة، وأعطته كرونوس، والأخير قام مباشرة بابتلاعه دون النظر في الرداء.نشأ زوس جبل آيدا (Mount Ida) في كريت وقام بتربيته شياطين الجبل (The Kouretes)، قد قيل إنهم حوريات لكن اخترت شياطين من باب التنويع وهن من أولاد جايا ولا نعلم من اين أتوا، فجايا ام لكثيرين، وكن يرقصن ويصرخن عندما يبكي او يصرخ زوس. والتي أرضعت زوس هي أميثليا (Amaltheia) ابنة الشمس هيلوس (Helios) وهي كائن أقرب للمعزة للبشر وكانت تحتضنه عندما تريد اخفاؤه عن كرونوس. وعندما بلغ سن الرجولة ذهب زوس لإنقاذ اخوته بالتعاون مع جايا وأمه وبن عمته ميتيس (Metis) ابنة أوكيانوس (Okeanos)، التي صنعت دواء مقيئ، وزعم مني التي قامت بإعطاء كرونوس الدواء هي ريا. وبمجرد شربه استفرغ أولا الحجر، ثم بسايدون، هيديس، هيرا، ديميتر وأخيراً هستيا. لذا تقنيا زوس أصبح الأكبر الآن وهيستيا هي الصغرى، وهنا قامت حرب العشر سنوات، الملحمة التيتانية (Titanomachy).الحرب التيتانيةالحرب:اتخذ زوس جبل أولمبيا مقرا له (Mount Olympus)، واجتمع مع اخوته وبقية الآلهة التيتانية وأخبرهم بأنه سيخوض الحرب ضد أبيه كرونوس ووعد الذين سيشاركون الحرب معه، في حال انتصاره، سيعطيهم مكافآت وسيحافظون على مناصبهم التي نالوها مع الجبابرة.أستجاب بعضهم ورفض بعضهم وأشهر من استجاب لدعوة زوس هو بروميثيوس (Prometheus) ابن الجبار ايابتوس (Iapetus) وكان معنى اسمه بعيد النظر، وحث بقية اخوه ابيمثيوس (Epimetheus) ومعنى اسمه قليل العقل او قصير النظر، وكذلك حث اخوه أطلس (Atlas) واستجاب الأول ورفض الأخير.وبدأت الحرب واستمرت 10 سنوات سجالاً، لا نعلم ماهي حيثيات الحرب ولا المعارك التي حدثت، ولكن نعلم ان زوس استشار جدته جايا كيف ينتصر على ابيه؟ فأخبرته ان عليه تحرير أبنائها الثلاثي سايكلوب وكذلك ذوي المئة يد، وهم سيحققون النصر، وفعلا قام زوس بالهبوط إلى تارتروس وقتل حارسة السجن كامبي (Kampe) وحررهم.طلب زوس بعد ذلك منهم المساعدة، فقام الثلاثي باختراع ثلاث أسلحة: الصواعق لزوس (Thunder Bolts)، خوذة الإخفاء لهيديس (Hades Helmet) والرماح ذي الثلاث شعب لبسايدون (Trident).  وبفضل الأسلحة استطاع زوس أخيرا الانتصار ثم حبس من حاربه من الجبابرة في اقصى قاع الأرض وبذلك أنتصر أخيرا زوس وحكم الأرض.لكن هذا الانتصار ليس نهاية الحروب، لأن جايا الأرض، أزعجها مجدداً حبس أبنائها. فكل ما تريد جايا فقط ان يكون جميع أبنائها أحراراً! قتلوا، نهبوا، استولوا لا يهم! المهم ان يكونوا أحراراً. فبدأت مجددا بحياكة حبكة أخرى تنتقم فيها من زوس في ملحمة أخرى، تسمى الـ(Gigantomachy) وسنعرض تفاصيلها الحلقة القادمة ان شاء الله. 

Subscribe to Quotomania on Simplecast or search for Quotomania on your favorite podcast app!Archilochus, (flourished c. 650 BCE, Paros [Cyclades, Greece]), was a poet and soldier, the earliest Greek writer of iambic, elegiac, and personal lyric poetry whose works have survived to any considerable extent. The surviving fragments of his work show him to have been a metrical innovator of the highest ability.Archilochus's father was Telesicles, a wealthy Parian who founded a colony on the island of Thasos. Archilochus lived on both Paros and Thasos. Fragments of his poetry mention the solar eclipse of April 6, 648 BCE, and the wealth of the Lydian king Gyges (c. 680–645 BCE). The details of Archilochus's life, in the ancient biographical tradition, are derived for the most part from his poems—an unreliable source because the events he described may have been fictitious or may have involved imaginary personae or ritual situations.Modern discoveries, however, have supported the picture given in the poetry. Two inscriptions dedicated to Archilochus were discovered in a sacred area on Paros; they are named, after the men who dedicated them, the Mnesiepes inscription (3rd century BCE) and the Sosthenes inscription (1st century BCE). Archilochus's self-presentation was taken seriously as early as the late 5th century BCE by the Athenian politician and intellectual Critias, who denounced him for presenting himself as the impoverished, quarrelsome, foul-mouthed, lascivious son of a slave woman. Some scholars feel that the Archilochus portrayed in his poems is too scurrilous to be real.Archilochus probably served as a soldier. According to ancient tradition, he fought against Thracians on the mainland near Thasos and died when the Thasians were fighting against soldiers from the island of Naxos. In one famous poem, Archilochus tells, without embarrassment or regret, of throwing his shield away in battle. (“I saved my life. What do I care about my shield? The hell with it! I'll buy another just as good.”) The motif of the abandoned shield appears again in the lyric poems of Alcaeus and Anacreon, in a parody by Aristophanes (Peace), and in a learned variation by the Latin poet Horace (Carmina).Although the truth is difficult to discern with certainty from the poems and other evidence, Archilochus may have been disreputable. He was particularly famous in antiquity for his sharp satire and ferocious invective. It was said that a man named Lycambes betrothed his daughter Neobule to the poet and then later withdrew the plan. In a papyrus fragment published in 1974 (the “Cologne Epode”)—the longest surviving piece of Archilochus's poetry—a man, who is apparently the poet himself, tells in alternately explicit and hinting language how he seduced the sister of Neobule after having crudely rejected Neobule herself. According to the ancient accounts, Lycambes and his daughters committed suicide, shamed by the poet's fierce mocking.Archilochus was the first known Greek poet to employ the elegiac couplet and various iambic and trochaic metres, ranging from dimeter to tetrameter, as well as epodes, lyric metres, and asinarteta (a mixture of different metres). He was a master of the Greek language, moving from Homeric formulas to the language of daily life in a few lines. He was the first European author to make personal experiences and feelings the main subject of his poems: the controlled use of the personal voice in his verse marks a distinct departure from other surviving Greek verse, which is typically more formulaic and heroic. For his technical accomplishments Archilochus was much admired by later poets, such as Horace, but there was also severe criticism, especially of a moralistic character, by writers such as the poet Pindar (5th century BCE).From https://www.britannica.com/biography/Archilochus-Greek-author. For more information about Archilochus:“Archilochus”: http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0480%3Avolume%3D2%3Atext%3D21“Archilochus: A poet and a mercenary?”: https://www.ancientworldmagazine.com/articles/archilochus-poet-mercenary/

What is Justice?  What do we owe to each other? The theme of justice is core issue of all human societies and pervades myth and philosophy.  Plato's Republic and Gorgias are reflections on justice and the right ordering of the soul and society. So is Aristotle's Politics.  The Hebrew Bible, the Tao Te Ching, the Analects of Confucius, the writings of Buddhism, and the Stoics all contain reflections on justice.  C.S. Lewis notes in his appendix to the Abolition of Man that in every land and every culture there is a “Tao,” a way of being in the world that affirms what is good and condemns what is bad.  Despite the universal hungering for justice, injustice seems to be the way of man.  Against Plato stands Thrasymachus and Callicles, the tyrant and the sophist who want to reduce justice to power.   In this episode I speak with Marcel Gaurnizo about the nature of justice. We discuss the definition of justice — giving each what is due.  We discuss how justice is not simply a social or political condition but a human virtue that requires a consistent act of the will. Marcel explains how the shift from metaphysical view of justice to political justice opens the door to the dictatorship and tyranny of the majority or injustice through procedural methods. We discuss the Plato's story of the ring of Gyges which makes the wearer invisible just like Bilbo and Frodo in the Lord of the Rings — and thus free from any punishment. Would we have strength to do the right thing even if we would never get in trouble for doing what is wrong? As Marcel notes, the ring of Gyges is all around us.  There are many things that are legal—that we will not be punished for — but which are evil and unjust. Marcel also walks us through different species of justice — commutative (exchange) and distributive.  He explains how many of the errors we make about legal, economic, and social justice —both on the right and the left — often come from a misunderstanding of the difference between commutative and distributive justice, e.g. we apply commutative justice to the family. Marcel argues that one of the problems we have today on the right and left is that we are not formed in correct thinking about justice is that In this conversation there are some detailed discussions, but in a time where there the word “justice” is used so frequently and where there is so much confusion, I think it is very worthwhile. Some of the themes and thinkers we discuss include:  Justice as a virtue Economic justice of exchange Social Justice Family vs. Market Gary Becker and the error of applying commutative justice to the family John Rawls and the shift to political and procedural justice Socialist view of justice Marxism Philosophical Materialism Aristotle's Politics  Plato's Republic  St. Thomas Aquinas Treatise on Justice  Friedrich Nietzsche Monasteries Catholic Social Teaching John Rawls and the transformation of justice into political justice. Relativism Post-Modernism Human Nature — what kind of thing we are Individualism, the market, and the state Poverty and Distribution Biography Marcel Gaurnizo is a philosopher and theologian. He spent many years in Europe and has founded a number of institutions including an academy in Austria to teach philosophy, ethics, and politics, and was president of Aid to the Church in Russia after the fall of the Soviet Union. Resources Whittaker Chambers: Big Sister is Watching You The Second Coming, Poem by William Butler Yeats

Our heroes delve deep under the earth and confront the Gollum of the second self. The big question to ask in Tolkien's works is WHAT IS THE RING? Well, it is like the Ouroboros the SAMPO in Kalevala (w/Vainamoinen) the ring imagery in Nibelung the Gyges' Ring story in Plato's “Republic” We know that it is Golden (like a mini sun) Continuous (like the Ouroboros) a Treasure that Makes one invisible fits on the finger (not the neck or chest like a hauberk) formed by The Dark Lord Sauron (deception is involved & power) Is it then Related to Time? A metaphor for Seeing behind the curtain? An image of the artistic ability? Something that binds together? Perhaps an answer can be approached by asking What is The World of Gollum? · It is like the world of Grendel's dam in Beowulf · Which itself is based on the mythical world of Midgard and Yggdrasil the World Tree in Norse mythology https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1305/nine-realms-of-norse-cosmology/ https://theheart756621753.files.wordpress.com/2018/10/the-9-worlds-in-mythology.jpg What is the Character of Gollum? He is “The Swallower” His name reflects The Kabbalistic “golem” of Prague o https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golem He is a miniature of Sauron What is the nature of the Riddle Game? It is Time honored Rooted in Norse culture o https://medium.com/@erin.nord87/the-influence-of-norse-mythology-in-riddles-in-the-dark-19acb167b47b Strategic An existential test Even the Question mark is a riddle; a dragon What is The escape (the “birthday”) - from danger and from this world? Ring signifies a “seeing differently” “Born again” – “Bless us and splash us” Great good brought about after but there is the risk of the Shadow self taking over (the dragon; Sauron)

On episode 124, we welcome philosopher Andy West to discuss teaching philosophy in prisons, how the prisoners initially surprised him with their insights, Sisyphean freedom and how we can become free in rebelling against authority, the juxtaposition of the prisoners' beliefs in free will and determinism, living in the moment vs continuing to hope for a better future, the Ring of Gyges and what the prisoners believed were the foundations of morality, and the significance of cultivating more nuanced perspectives of prisoners. Andy West has been teaching Philosophy courses at City Lit since 2018, covering topics that include happiness, guilt, love, sex and art. Andy West also teaches philosophy in prisons. He has conversations with people inside about their lives, discusses their ideas and feelings and listens as the men and women he works with explore new ways to think about their situation. Andy West's new book, out now, is called The Life Inside: A Memoir of Prison, Family and Philosophy.  | Andy West | ► Facebook | https://www.facebook.com/thephilosophyfoundation/ ► Twitter | https://twitter.com/andywphilosophy ► The Life Inside Book Link | https://amzn.to/3wh6gdr Where you can find us: | Seize The Moment Podcast | ► Facebook | https://www.facebook.com/SeizeTheMoment ► Twitter | https://twitter.com/seize_podcast  ► Instagram | https://www.instagram.com/seizethemoment ► TikTok | https://www.tiktok.com/@seizethemomentpodcast ► Patreon | https://www.patreon.com/user?u=32208666  

We look at King Alyattes of Lydia's novel war tactics and Arion's magic dolphin ride. Also: what really happened to Gyges?

In this episode, we delve into the family history of Croesus, King of Lydia, whom Herodotus identifies as the first Easterner to wage war on Greeks. Croesus' great-great-grandfather, Gyges, takes the Lydian throne in an unexpected way, setting the stage for tragedy five generations in the future.

Ezekiel 37 - 1:02 . Ezekiel 38 - 8:06 . Ezekiel 39 - 14:20 . You may have noticed this turn already, but ever since the mention of Jerusalem's fall in chapter 33, God's message to His people has become one of promise and hope for a restoration that will take place in the future. In our last episode, God promised to send a shepherd to his people, one that would be a prince among them from the line of David. Today, the Lord commands Ezekiel to prophesy to a valley of dry bones. Through the word of the Lord, these bones gather into fully restored bodies and stand on their feet. Ezekiel also prophesies against Gog of Magog, which may be the king we know as Gyges of Lydia. Even so, this prophesy goes beyond immediate circumstances to condemn a leader opposed to Israel in the far future.:::Christian Standard Bible translation.All music written and produced by John Burgess Ross.Co-produced by the Christian Standard Bible.facebook.com/commuterbibleinstagram.com/commuter_bibletwitter.com/CommuterPodpatreon.com/commuterbibleadmin@commuterbible.org

The Titanomachy breaks out, and war rages between the Titans and the Olympian gods as Zeus' rise to cosmic kingship continues. Zeus fights to establish his reign against Cronus, the other Titans, and finally the fearsome monster Typhon, the very embodiment of primal chaos. A story from Greek mythology, based on Hesiod's Theogony, featuring: Zeus, the Titans, Typhon, the Hecatonchires (Cottus, Briareus, Gyges), the Cyclopes, Gaia, Tartarus, Prometheus, Atlas --- CREDITS: Music by Kevin MacLeod Episode Thumbnail Image: Zeus fighting Typhon with a lightning bolt (illustration of a Greek vase painting from c. 530 BC) WDS Logo Image: Kylix with Apollo playing the lyre and pouring a libation: c. 470 BC, Delphi Archeological Museum --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

In “The Republic,” Plato describes the ring of Gyges, which allegedly imparted invisibility. He recounts Socrates discussing with friends whether people would behave ethically if they were invisible. Melissa Lane talks about how, in mass society, people feel so small, so insignificant that it amounts to a sort of invisibility. Armed with this sense of ... The post The Ring of Gyges appeared first on The New American.

What does this story, set in 1957 Detroit tell us about the efforts of Ted Lindsey to unionize the players of the 'original six' teams of the NHL? How does the monopoly power over US teams, such as the Redwings and Blackhawks held by the Norris family illustrate points raised by Plato in his famous Ring of Gyges thought experiment? How does the insulation provided by great wealth and political connections mirror the magical powers of that ring? What does this thought experiment drive home about the relationship between morality and self-interest? How does the early history of the NHL ownership group, as portrayed in this film, also illustrate Plato's point? How does the film illustrate the dangers of paternalistic rationalizations with regard to the players' pension fund? How does the film's portrayal of Gordy Howe's relationship with Ted Lindsey illustrate the conflicting motivations, loves or loyalties of the players that made up the league in those days?

Continuing our discussion on The Republic, on October 17, 2021 participants from the Toronto Philosophy and Calgary Philosophy Meetup groups examined part of Book II in which Glaucon challenges his friends to seek the definition of justice in itself, without reference to outcomes. When Socrates proposes they look for justice first in a city and then in the individual, to observe the ways in which the smaller is similar to the larger, they proceed to create a theoretical society to examine its operation for evidence of justice. Our dialogue touched on many interesting points and raised some fascinating ideas and questions. We related some aspects of the theoretical city, which Socrates describes as unhealthy and feverish, to the allegory of the cave that was featured in our previous episode. One participant described the city of luxuries as a materialist civilization, and others asked whether shame or the desire for social acceptance drives us to justice. Is it in our nature to be unjust and labor to a state of justice? If we possessed the power of the Ring of Gyges, to make ourselves invisible, would we naturally be inclined to do injustice knowing that we could escape punishment – or would we find that justice itself is the reward for being just? Are we each suited to one skill in life and is justice to mind our own business? Do our guardians protect us from a sense of loyalty, or with a view to justice? We will resume our dialogue on The Republic in the next episode, with more on the guardians and then the four virtues and the nature of the soul.

In this episode we discuss a variety of philosophical topics related to the Netflix series Squid Game. Along the way we complain about rich people and offer some interesting rankings and comparisons. "Attack of the Mole Men" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Fat Cartoon Jazz https://www.purple-planet.com Cat and Mouse https://www.purple-planet.com

Chapters 38–39 of Ezekiel are among the most difficult chapters in the entire book. In many ways they stand apart from what comes before and after. Perhaps the simplest explanation is the following. Chapters 40–48 are so much later than most of the book (the twenty-fifth year of exile, 40:1) that they are almost like an appendix to the rest of the visions and oracles. If so, then chapters 38–39 must be seen as a conclusion to the preceding thirty-seven chapters, but not necessarily as a bridge to chapters 40–48. Precisely how this prophecy against Gog serves as a conclusion to all that comes before it in Ezekiel depends very much on how these two chapters are interpreted. Even to catalog the possibilities would turn these brief meditations into a commentary, so I must largely restrict myself to some tentative conclusions.It cannot have escaped notice that in several previous chapters I chose not to comment on certain sections. In part this was nothing more than selectivity based on my restricted space. But in part these passages belong to the same genus, and can usefully be thought about together. For instance, Ezekiel 37:25–28 anticipates the time when Israel, under God's servant David, will live in the land “forever,” and “David my servant will be their prince forever.” God's “sanctuary is among them forever.” Such language must either be taken at face value—a temple in Jerusalem, with a Davidic king, the throne and temple enduring forever—or it points beyond itself. For reasons that will become clearer, I am inclined to think that these and similar prophecies look forward to the glorious messianic future, but are largely cast in terms of the familiar categories of the old covenant. These same categories, the New Testament writers insist, have a predictive function fulfilled in Jesus the son of David and all that he brings.Along similar lines, Ezekiel 38 begins by denouncing “Gog, chief prince of Meschech and Tubal” (Ezek. 38:3). The suggestion that these names refer to Moscow and Tobolsk is without linguistic merit. The pair of names appears elsewhere (Gen. 10:2; 1 Chron. 1:5; Ezek. 27:13; 32:26) and refers to the known tribes of Moschoi and Tibarenoi. Gog is perhaps to be identified with Gyges, king of Lydia (called Gûgu in some ancient records). More importantly, this anticipated horde of opponents to God's people comes from the “far north” (Ezek. 38:6)—which is the direction from which the worst of Israel's foes always came. The chapter ends in apocalyptic imagery (Ezek. 38:18–23)—which begins to make the scene feel like an idealized and final outbreak against the people of God, in which God vindicates his name and his cause. Thus all previous outbreaks anticipate, and are concluded by, this final apocalyptic struggle. This podcast is designed to be used alongside TGC's Read The Bible initiative (TGC.org/readthebible). The podcast features devotional commentaries from D.A. Carson's book For the Love of God (vol. 2) that follow the M'Cheyne Bible reading plan. 

Glaucon asks Socrates if he can provide a defense of justice (right conduct) that will show not only that justice is good for the sake of its consequences but it is good in and of itself. In one of the most famous parts of Book II, Glaucon presents the myth of Gyges ring -- the ring of invisibility. Socrates must show that a just person would never use the ring to make himself invisible and do an unjust (wrong) act. There are other challenges of Glaucon. At the conclusion of Book II, Socrates begins to build his case by drawing an analogy between a just city and a just person.

Gerade in Zeiten des Umbruchs steht die Rechtskultur eines Landes auf dem Prüfstand. Entscheidend für die Qualität einer Rechtsordnung, sagt Prof. Dr. Paul Kirchhof, 12 Jahre lang Richter am Bundesverfassungsgericht und Rechtslehrer an der Universität Heidelberg, ist das MASS DER GERECHTIGKEIT. Dies ist auch der Titel seines neuen Buches, in dem er von konkreten Beispielen für solche Maßverhältnisse ausgeht: Von dem Fall des Müller Arnold im Preußen von Friedrich dem Großen, der Geschichte von Gyges und seinem Ring in der Antike, der Geschichte vom gestohlenen Geldbeutel (von Johann Peter Hebel) und dem Richterspruch im Fall der 12 Kamele. Prof. Dr. Paul Kirchhofs Buch enthält einen leidenschaftlichen Aufruf gegen Kleingläubigkeit und Resignation in der Bundesrepublik. Es ist unverkennbar: Wir brauchen eine entschlossene und große Reform unseres Gemeinwesens. Sie muss sich daran orientieren, dass es vor allem um die Produktion von Vertrauen geht. Prof. Dr. Paul Kirchhof über Gerechtigkeit als Vertrauenssache. Erstausstrahlung am 06.12.2009

This is a recording of the fourth lecture in a five-part series on Tolkien. In this episode we discuss Tolkien's knowledge of Sacred Geometry, the crisis posed by Scholasticism, the treachery of images (with a nod to Magritte), and how our tendency to think in duality has the propensity to lead us into deception - even deceiving ourselves. There exists (even in Tolkien's mind) a bit of confusion about which towers the title of the work is referencing. In a letter to Rayner Unwin (the publisher) from Aug 17, 1953 (Letters #140), Tolkien wrote: "The Two Towers" gets as near as possible to finding a title to cover the widely divergent Books 3 and 4; and can be left ambiguous - it might refer to Isengard and Barad-dûr, or to Minas Tirith and Barad-dur; or Isengard and Cirith Ungol." I opt for the relationship between Minas Tirith and Minas Morgul (Barad-dur). Nota Bene: The poet and aesthetic philosopher Samuel Taylor Coleridge introduced the term "suspension of disbelief" in 1817 and suggested that if a writer could infuse a "human interest and a semblance of truth" into a fantastic tale, the reader would suspend judgement concerning the implausibility of the narrative. Also, Plato uses the term "Thaumatapoioi" (wondrous creations, "shadow puppets") in his great dialogue, "The Republic". Tolkien's image of the Ring has much in common with Plato's Thaumatapoioi and with the Ring of Gyges which makes one invisible. For Plato, as for Tolkien, the images must lead us to see the really real, the Good, Illuvatar - but taken in themselves they are like Lothlorien in their beauty but must be allowed to fade away. Lastly, wrt names in the novel - this from Behind the Name: Frodo: Derived from Old English froda meaning "wise". Samwise Gamgee: Means "simple, half wise" from Old English sam "half" and wis "wise". Meriadoc (Merry): From an old Breton name composed of the elements mer "sea" and iatoc "forehead". Conan Meriadeg was the legendary founder of Brittany. Peregrine (Pippin): From the Late Latin name Peregrinus, which meant "traveller". (Frankish name of unknown meaning. It possibly means "awe-inspiring" from Frankish bib- "to tremble". This was the name of three majordomos of Austrasia including Pépin III the Short, who became the first Carolingian king of the Franks. He was the father of Charlemagne.)

This week's guest is three time Spiel des Jahres winner and legend of the gaming world, Bruno Cathala. We talk about being a gourmand, losing his job and his many successful collaborations...but which games did he choose?   Support the show here: https://www.patreon.com/5g4d   Schotten Totten: https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/372/schotten-totten Gyges: https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/10527/gyges Magic the Gathering: https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/463/magic-gathering Ave Cesar: https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/154677/ave-cesar Hanafuda: https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/5451/hanafuda    

In this episode, Blaine talks about a few of the 7 different types of intelligence, focusing primarily on the most important one, emotional intelligence. Blaine also introduces the Gyges Effect, which is the phenomenon of feeling anonymous while communicating via the internet.  Coaching for Real Estate Appraisers

Von A bis Z quer durch die Diskussion an der (noch) nicht vorhandenen Kneipentheke.

McLean and Hamblin learn about The Ring of Gyges from Plato! Then they answer, with some shady stuff, what they would do with the power of invisibility! ***McLean loves The United States of America***

In a previous podcast, we examined Plato's famous “Myth of the Ring of Gyges” story. In that story where, as usual, Socrates is Plato's primary dialogical character, we faced the ultimate moral challenge: what would we do if we were put into a situation (the invisibility ring) in which all of the rewards for justice were replaced by all of its penalties in this life and in the next, in which the reputation for justice were replaced by its opposite in the view of both gods and men? Is justice—is a just soul—still worth it? And wouldn't it be more profitable to choose injustice if we attached to it all of the rewards usually associated with justice, all of the praise of gods and men, in this life and in the next? And if so, then perhaps the real reason we choose justice is that it happens to work. In reality, however, we value power over goodness, might over right, for justice is merely a means to an end, but, because we happen to be too weak to secure our own futures through power, we pretend to love justice. 

Welcome back! In this episode, we mull over the Ring of Gyges story and how we would act if given the power to be invisible at will. Join in our philosophical conversation and be sure to do a little reflecting yourself.

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Man is the measure of all things - Protagoras This is our third episode in a series of four (we recently decided to make Book Two into two episodes) where we will be taking a look at Plato's best-known work, The Republic. We discuss Book Two specifically in this episode, looking at the continued argument for justice, beginning in Book One with Thrasymachus. We start off briefly by discussing the divided line, and knowledge, before moving into The Ring of Gyges - or the ring of invisibility. We discuss how that influences the just and unjust person, and whether or not the just or unjust is happier. We also talk about how this information is applicable in looking back, as well as looking forward. Always feel free to let us know what you think, or any episode requests. We would love to hear from you!

Subtitle: Midwestern Noir, Sam Raimi and Screen Violence In this third episode of Kill It With Fire, Ady, Peter and Paul discuss Sam Raimi's 1998 neo-noir film A Simple Plan, based on Scott Smith's 1990 novel of the same title. Topics covered include: Sam Raimi's career; Midwestern Noir; Noir and the Gothic; screen violence; comparisons with Fargo and the overlap between the Coen Brothers' work and Raimi's career; the film's parallels with Shakespeare's Macbeth and Plato's story of the Ring of Gyges.

Welcome back folks! Today’s episode is a conversation about the nature of knowledge. I talked with Dr. Briana Toole, an Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Claremont McKenna College. Briana specializes in epistemology—the branch of philosophy that grapples with all things knowledge-related. In her work she is helping develop a new framework called “standpoint epistemology.” The basic idea is that what we know depends in part on our social position—on our gender, our race, and other factors. We flesh out this idea by walking through a bunch of examples that show how where we stand shapes the facts we attend to, believe, accept, and resist. We also talk about our moment present, polarized and fractured as it is. As we discuss, standpoint epistemology might offer tools to help us make sense of what’s happening, understand where others are coming from, and maybe even bridge some of the chasms that divide us. Enjoy!   A transcript of this show will be available soon.   Notes and links 2:10 – Learn more about Dr. Toole’s outreach organization, Corrupt the Youth. And for more about Dr. Toole’s work with the program see this recent profile in Guernica magazine. 6:15 – Socrates was sentenced to death for corrupting the youth. 9:00 – Corrupt the Youth often begins with lessons on the allegory of the cave and the ring of Gyges. 19:50 – For more on the significance of “fake barn country,” see this entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Gettier’s groundbreaking paper is here. 23:00 – We mention a number of early pioneers in standpoint epistemology, including Rebecca Kukla, Sandra Harding, and Donna Haraway. 26:40 – Jane Addams’s letter about women and public housekeeping. 32:20 – Dr. Toole’s recent paper—‘From Standpoint Epistemology to Epistemic Oppression’—discusses the distinction between marginalized and dominant knowers, among other topics. 32:55 – Kristie Dotson’s classic paper on epistemic oppression. You can also listen to a podcast with her here.    37:00 – Indigenous communities in Australia have long known that certain birds spread fire in order to flush out prey. This example is discussed in Dr. Toole’s article ‘Demarginalizing Standpoint Epistemology.’ 38:20 – We discuss three key theses in the standpoint epistemology framework: the situated knowledge thesis; the achievement thesis; and the epistemic privilege thesis. 41:10 – Read more about W.E.B. Dubois’s notion of “double consciousness” here. 43:29 – The particular sense of “conceptual resources” we discuss here was introduced by Gaile Pohlhaus, and is further developed by Dr. Toole in her paper, ‘From Standpoint Epistemology to Epistemic Oppression.’ 44:50 – The concept of “misogynoir” is discussed here. 59:40 – The notion of “consciousness raising” has its roots feminism, as discussed here. 1:11:35 – A recent interview in The Atlantic in which former US President Barack Obama referred to our current moment as one of “epistemological crisis.”   Briana Toole’s end-of-show recommendations: Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center, by bell hooks Sister Outsider, by Audre Lorde Learning from the Outsider Within, Patricia Hill Collins Race and Epistemologies of Ignorance, edited by Shannon Sullivan an Nancy Tuana The best way to keep up with Dr. Toole’s work is at her website: http://www.brianatoole.com/   Many Minds is a project of the Diverse Intelligences Summer Institute (DISI) (https://www.diverseintelligencessummer.com/), which is made possible by a generous grant from the Templeton World Charity Foundation to UCLA. It is hosted by Kensy Cooperrider, with creative support from DISI Directors Erica Cartmill and Jacob Foster, and Associate Director Hilda Loury. Our artwork is by Ben Oldroyd (https://www.mayhilldesigns.co.uk/). Our transcripts are created by Sarah Dopierala (https://sarahdopierala.wordpress.com/). You can subscribe to Many Minds on Apple, Stitcher, Spotify, Pocket Casts, Google Play, or wherever you like to listen to podcasts. We welcome your comments, questions, and suggestions. Feel free to email us at: manymindspodcast@gmail.com. For updates about the show, follow us on Twitter: @ManyMindsPod.

Yüzüme gülse bile, arkamı döndüğümde Gyges'in başıma bir çorap örmeyeceğinden hiçbir zaman emin olamam. Başında yasanın kılıcı sallanmadığı sürece, Gyges'ekimse hesap soramaz. Yasayla muhatap olduğunda da Gyges'in dilinden sadece sinsi ve öfkeli bir “kahretsin!” kelimesi dökülür. Gyges'in ağaracak, kızaracak, bozaracak ya da kararacak bir yüzü yoktur…

In this twenty-second episode of the Wisdom for Life radio show, hosts Dan Hayes and Greg Sadler examine philosophical thought experiments to see what we can learn from them to improve our lives or to better understand ourselves.  They first discuss what a thought experiment is, and how it differs from other kinds of fictions, counterfactuals, or "what if"s.They then turn to in-depth discussion of trolley problems, the Ring of Gyges, the Ship of Theseus, and Roku's Basilisk.  After that, they discuss how one might develop a philosophical practice of creating one's own thought experiments. Show Music is by Scott Tarulli - https://www.scotttarulli.com/ 

In this twenty-second episode of the Wisdom for Life radio show, hosts Dan Hayes and Greg Sadler examine philosophical thought experiments to see what we can learn from them to improve our lives or to better understand ourselves.  They first discuss what a thought experiment is, and how it differs from other kinds of fictions, counterfactuals, or "what if"s.They then turn to in-depth discussion of trolley problems, the Ring of Gyges, the Ship of Theseus, and Roku's Basilisk.  After that, they discuss how one might develop a philosophical practice of creating one's own thought experiments. Show Music is by Scott Tarulli - https://www.scotttarulli.com/ 

This week on The Open Door we will discuss core ethical considerations. Our special guest, in absentia, is the late and decidedly great Mortimer Adler, who is represented by Elaine Weissman of the Center of the Great Ideas. Adler's short, and perhaps surprising, sermon on The Golden Rule is the context of our discussion. Adler delivered it in 1991 at Christ Church in Aspen, Colorado. We plan on addressing the following questions. Please don't hesitate to add your own!1. Just what is The Golden Rule?2. How does The Golden Rule compare with Immanuel Kant's Categorical Imperative?3. Mortimer Adler argues that The Golden Rule does not adequately capture what ethics involves. Why does he claim that, despite its welcome universal scope, it does not have real content?4. At the heart of ethical reasoning we find two pairs of concepts: right and wrong along with good and evil. Which pair is primary and why?5. Is there an inescapable conflict between egoism (selfishness) and altruism? How does Plato's Parable of the Ring of Gyges highlight this conflict?6. How can an understanding of the cardinal virtues (prudence, temperance, courage, and justice) help us analyze this supposed conflict?7. Is there a unity of the cardinal virtues? If so, what is its source? If not, how are we to decide which virtue is most important in a given situation?8. Are specific acts, on careful consideration, unique and so never to be repeated?9. When all is said and done, is happiness the universal end of human action?10. What are some political implications of our discussion to this point?

Join us for the first episode of the 650’s where Bernie is talking more about arrows, Gyges is still alive and making his mark on the world, and Ashurbanipal beats up on Urartu.This is a podcast by Dan Hörning and Bernie Maopolski.If you like what we do you can support the Fan of History project on https://www.patreon.com/fanofhistoryContact information:http://facebook.com/fanofhistoryhttps://twitter.com/danhorninghttps://www.instagram.com/dan_horning/Music: “Tudor Theme” by urmymuse.Used here under a commercial Creative Commons license. Find out more at http://ccmixter.org/files/urmymuse/40020 See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

For Taharqa The time is gone, the song is over, but he had something more to say. Plus see if anything happens in the year 666 or if it’s all a misunderstanding… and our friend Gyges is still one of the mover and shakers of the day.LINKS:The number 666 explained https://youtu.be/UkZqFtYtqaIThe Pinnacle Monument of Taharqa https://youtu.be/tZS-hPWLsckStatuette of Taharqa and the Falcon God https://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/statuette-taharqa-and-falcon-godThis is a podcast by Dan Hörning and Bernie Maopolski.If you like what we do you can support the Fan of History project on https://www.patreon.com/fanofhistoryContact information:http://facebook.com/fanofhistoryhttps://twitter.com/danhorninghttps://www.instagram.com/dan_horning/Music: “Tudor Theme” by urmymuse.Used here under a commercial Creative Commons license. Find out more at http://ccmixter.org/files/urmymuse/40020 See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Salut, și în episodul ăsta Vlad și Radu au vrut să vorbească tot despre filosofi neo-clasici din Padova, omul și statul în concepția lui Aristotel și mitul lui Gyges. Din păcate, ca de obicei s-au luat cu vorba și au ajuns să discute despre scuipat în mâncare, chiloți tanga și cea mai epică evadare din dormitorul conjugal de care ați auzit vreodată în viețișoarele voastre. A, da, și au vorbit foarte mult și despre beri care-ți fac gura pungă. Oh, well, rămâne Gyges ca de obicei pentru data viitoare.  La acest episod au participat ca de obicei prietenul nostru Marian și prietenul nostru bâzâitul în microfon. Promitem că până data viitoare scăpăm de minim unul dintre ei.  În altă ordine de idei vedeți că găsiți pe Facebook concurs la care dăm bilete la Haze Fest, check it out. https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=1187726248285439&id=921944508196949 Atât s-a putut, dar follow us for more recipes.  Beri:  - Wearing Purple – Plum Imperial Stout / Wicked Barrel, Blackout Brewing, Berero – România / 11,5% ABV  - Oude Gueuze – Lambic / Hanssens Artisanaal – Belgia / 6% ABV  - Barrel 2 – Barleywine / Sackman – Spania / 12% ABV  Lucruri:  - Primim vizita atentă și plină de îngrijorare a domnului Iohannis  - Verificăm procedeul de bukkake la sticlele de bere  - Suntem vizitați de blestemul tanga a lui Tangamon  - Discutăm despre cum se testează uleiul încins pe litoral  - Demascăm legătura secretă dintre cireșe și coronavirus  - Marian scapă singur și marchează în minutul 9  - Cum scuipă oamenii din China pe butoanele de la lift  - Stalin și soldatul rus, căsnicie ne-au adus  - Povestea epică a lui Vlad despre cum a evadat din dormitor, cu doi ciorapi, in 14 minute, de Valentines day  - Cum a reușit copilul Danil să ia o plajă cu asalt, singur  - Doamna Cornelia încearcă să ne prindă cu fofârlica dar noi suntem mult prea abili ca să-i cădem în plasă sau să-i răpundem inteligibil  - Sextapas  - Cea mai romantică poveste de dragoste cu un șarpe veninos  - Cel mai fucked up film pe care l-am văzut  - Vorbim din nou despre filme și 4K  - Brânză de butoi, spălată de-amândoi  - Semnificația zilelor săptămânii și de ce e marți în retrograd  - Domnul Brînduș

Spencer describes being quarantined in Wuhan, China ... What is "moral realism"? ... Can you be a moral realist and a moral subjectivist at the same time? ... Revisiting Plato's Ring of Gyges ... Dan: There's no evidence of morality beyond performances ... The trouble with giving advice ... "All things considered," what ought you to do? ... What we lost in the Scientific Revolution ...

Spencer describes being quarantined in Wuhan, China ... What is "moral realism"? ... Can you be a moral realist and a moral subjectivist at the same time? ... Revisiting Plato's Ring of Gyges ... Dan: There's no evidence of morality beyond performances ... The trouble with giving advice ... "All things considered," what ought you to do? ... What we lost in the Scientific Revolution ...

Spencer describes being quarantined in Wuhan, China ... What is "moral realism"? ... Can you be a moral realist and a moral subjectivist at the same time? ... Revisiting Plato's Ring of Gyges ... Dan: There's no evidence of morality beyond performances ... The trouble with giving advice ... "All things considered," what ought you to do? ... What we lost in the Scientific Revolution ...

Spencer describes being quarantined in Wuhan, China ... What is "moral realism"? ... Can you be a moral realist and a moral subjectivist at the same time? ... Revisiting Plato's Ring of Gyges ... Dan: There's no evidence of morality beyond performances ... The trouble with giving advice ... "All things considered," what ought you to do? ... What we lost in the Scientific Revolution ...

Was habe ich gespielt?– Port Royal– Quarto! und Quadrat Variante Mit den Kindern– Rallye-Trucks– Das verfluchte Piratengold– Schatz der Mumie– Geisterfalle– Drop It Solo– Dawn of the Zeds Print and Play Bastelecke– Haru Ichiban Online/App– Yucata.de: Russian Railroads mit Sandra und Tobi– Android: Quarto!– Boardgamearena.com: Clans of Caledonia– Boardgamearena.com: Quarto!– Boardspace.net: Zèrtz, Gobblet, Gyges https://derbrettspielepodcastdendieweltnichtbraucht.home.blog/feed/https://podcasts.apple.com/ch/podcast/der-brettspiele-podcast-den-die-welt-nicht-braucht/id1458770069 … Folge 25 – Pachisi weiterlesen

There is a story we’re telling with our podcast.  It’s going somewhere.   We love stories, we need stories, because stories are about life.   We have used other stories to help tell our story:  The Lord of the Flies, The Ring of Gyges, Plato's Cave.   One story we’ve referenced a lot during season one is the story of a Cimmerian of a forgotten age; the story of not a mere man, but a barbarian, a barbarian named Conan.  Philosophical insights, life lessons, and fun abound as we reflect upon the great Conan The Barbarian.

Fame? Fortune? Frivolity?  What would you give, and what would you do, to possess these things permanently? What price would you pay?   What if the health and wealth of the outer woman came at the price of the health and wealth of the inner woman?  What if the pleasures of the outer man came at the price of the inner man? In this sequel to last week's episode, we sit at the foot of the greatest teacher of all time, Socrates, as he argues for the reality and value of the inner man and inner woman (i.e. the soul).  Come listen to an echo of one who comes after Socrates; one who will say, "For what shall it profit a man, if he shall gain the whole world, but lose his own soul?"

Are we evil by nature?  Are we good by nature? Or does our nature, if we have a nature, lie somewhere between good and evil? Suppose you were given a ring - a ring that made you invisible before God and man.  Would you continue to act justly?  If you wouldn't, what does that say about you?   Come, jump in the fire with the podcasters Strange, as we explore evil, human nature, and reality.

The 680s part 2This is a podcast by Dan Hörning and Bernie Maopolski.If you like what we do you can support the Fan of History project on https://www.patreon.com/fanofhistoryContact information:http://facebook.com/fanofhistoryhttps://twitter.com/danhorninghttps://www.instagram.com/dan_horning/Music: “Tudor Theme” by urmymuse.Used here under a commercial Creative Commons license. Find out more at http://ccmixter.org/files/urmymuse/40020 See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In this episode I talk to Carissa Véliz. Carissa is a Research Fellow at the Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics and the Wellcome Centre for Ethics and Humanities at the University of Oxford. She works on digital ethics, practical ethics more generally, political philosophy, and public policy. She is also the Director of the research programme 'Data, Privacy, and the Individual' at the IE's Center for the Governance of Change'. We talk about the problems with online speech and how to use pseudonymity to address them.You can download the episode here or listen below. You can also subscribe on Apple Podcasts, Stitcher, and a variety of other podcasting services (the RSS feed is here).  Show Notes0:00 - Introduction1:25 - The problems with online speech4:55 - Anonymity vs Identifiability9:10 - The benefits of anonymous speech16:12 - The costs of anonymous speech - The online Ring of Gyges23:20 - How digital platforms mediate speech and make things worse28:00 - Is speech more trustworthy when the speaker is identifiable?30:50 - Solutions that don't work35:46 - How pseudonymity could address the problems with online speech41:15 - Three forms of pseudonymity and how they should be used44:00 - Do we need an organisation to manage online pseudonyms?49:00 - Thoughts on the Journal of Controversial Ideas54:00 - Will people use pseudonyms to deceive us?57:30 - How pseudonyms could address the issues with un-PC speech1:02:04 - Should we be optimistic or pessimistic about the future of online speech?  Relevant LinksCarissa's Webpage"Online Masquerade: Redesigning the Internet for Free Speech Through the Use of Pseudonyms" by Carissa"Why you might want to think twice about surrendering online privacy for the sake of convenience" by Carissa"What If Banks Were the Main Protectors of Customers’ Private Data?" by CarissaThe Secret BarristerDelete: The Virtue of Forgetting in the Digital Age by Viktor Mayer-SchönbergerMill's Argument for Free Speech: A Guide'Here Comes the Journal of Controversial Ideas. Cue the Outcry' by Bartlett #mc_embed_signup{background:#fff; clear:left; font:14px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; } /* Add your own MailChimp form style overrides in your site stylesheet or in this style block. We recommend moving this block and the preceding CSS link to the HEAD of your HTML file. */ Subscribe to the newsletter

Hold on to your hats this week as we play ball with "Justice"!Stuart Hollis and Thad Hait of the Delta Flyer Podcast and the Stargate Weekly Podcast join the show to talk about an early episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation that pushes the Theiss Titillation Theory to the point of (wardrobe) malfunction! The Enterprise pulls into Rubicun III, a planet of sexually-liberated, Scandinavian jogging enthusiasts. But when Wesley stops to maul the roses, the crew learns that this Edenic paradise is deadly serious about the "broken window" theory and they've got "God" in their corner!Our heroes get primed by their own Directive in this episode, as the Federation's twin pillars of integrity and non-interference are put on trial. During our talk, we discuss Justice's amazing pedigree and mediocre execution, protecting a society even if you don't like that society, interpreting legislative intent, marinating in the feel of season 1 TNG, the "smell test" of a Prime Directive violation, and why a planet with no crime is always a red flag.We also talk about the scantily-clad Ring of Gyges, rolling the dice in a Purge situation, how a bicycle could let you rule Rubicun III, how many gangster planets are in the Federation's past, an eye for an eyeful, Gene's obsession with fist-fighting Jesus, the "emotion" of motherhood, discovering sex thanks to Chekov, Stuart goes to bat for worshiping pocket lint, Thad just KNOWS Riker got a free sample, and Aaron thinks the whole thing is an unconscious AIDS metaphor!What does God need with all this baby oil?*This episode is dedicated to John D.F. Black*Seek out the Delta Flyer and the Stargate Weekly podcasts!https://deltaflyerpod.com/https://stargateweekly.com/Follow Stuart and Thad on Twitter!https://twitter.com/gamicushttps://twitter.com/TyranicusHere's the text of Worley Thorne's treatment for "Are Unheard Memories Sweet?"http://pages.videotron.com/startrk/story/phase2/unhdmem.htmlGet our Trek T-shirts for 30% off, including our Janeway shirt, on Teepublic!https://www.teepublic.com/user/justenoughtropeJog with us on Facebook and Twitter!http://www.facebook.com/eistpodhttp://www.twitter.com/eistpodBuy us a "get-out-of-lethal-injection-free" card on Patreon!http://www.patreon.com/eistpodSubscribe to the show on iTunes!https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/enterprising-individuals/id1113165661?mt=2

Hold on to your hats this week as we play ball with "Justice"!Stuart Hollis and Thad Hait of the Delta Flyer Podcast and the Stargate Weekly Podcast join the show to talk about an early episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation that pushes the Theiss Titillation Theory to the point of (wardrobe) malfunction! The Enterprise pulls into Rubicun III, a planet of sexually-liberated, Scandinavian jogging enthusiasts. But when Wesley stops to maul the roses, the crew learns that this Edenic paradise is deadly serious about the "broken window" theory and they've got "God" in their corner!Our heroes get primed by their own Directive in this episode, as the Federation's twin pillars of integrity and non-interference are put on trial. During our talk, we discuss Justice's amazing pedigree and mediocre execution, protecting a society even if you don't like that society, interpreting legislative intent, marinating in the feel of season 1 TNG, the "smell test" of a Prime Directive violation, and why a planet with no crime is always a red flag.We also talk about the scantily-clad Ring of Gyges, rolling the dice in a Purge situation, how a bicycle could let you rule Rubicun III, how many gangster planets are in the Federation's past, an eye for an eyeful, Gene's obsession with fist-fighting Jesus, the "emotion" of motherhood, discovering sex thanks to Chekov, Stuart goes to bat for worshiping pocket lint, Thad just KNOWS Riker got a free sample, and Aaron thinks the whole thing is an unconscious AIDS metaphor!What does God need with all this baby oil?*This episode is dedicated to John D.F. Black*Seek out the Delta Flyer and the Stargate Weekly podcasts!https://deltaflyerpod.com/https://stargateweekly.com/Follow Stuart and Thad on Twitter!https://twitter.com/gamicushttps://twitter.com/TyranicusHere's the text of Worley Thorne's treatment for "Are Unheard Memories Sweet?"http://pages.videotron.com/startrk/story/phase2/unhdmem.htmlGet our Trek T-shirts for 30% off, including our Janeway shirt, on Teepublic!https://www.teepublic.com/user/justenoughtropeJog with us on Facebook and Twitter!http://www.facebook.com/eistpodhttp://www.twitter.com/eistpodBuy us a "get-out-of-lethal-injection-free" card on Patreon!http://www.patreon.com/eistpodSubscribe to the show on iTunes!https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/enterprising-individuals/id1113165661?mt=2

In this inaugural episode of our walk through Plato's Republic, Dr. Gary Gregg introduces listeners to the importance of "The Republic" and lays out a few key concepts of Platonic thought that will help inform the modern reader's understanding as they work through the text. He then walks through the various definitions of Justice presented throughout the dialogue and discusses the implications of each for both leadership and politics(20:00). The question of what is necessary to compel good people to rule is considered (36:15), followed by The "Ring of Gyges" story(46:00). He then recounts Adeimantus's assertion that society, culture and family influence our actions and shows how this contributes to the nature v. nurture argument (53:19). Dr. Gregg ends with an overview of what will be covered in Target 2 (55:47). Target 1 Reading: Book I and Book II through 367e, pp. 3-44 of "The Republic of Plato", 2nd edition, translated by Allan Bloom (Basic Books, 1968 and 1991). Download Dr. Gregg’s Guide to The Republic here Subscribe to our newsletter and receive McConnell Center updates directly in your mailbox Please share any thoughts, questions, comments, or concerns with us via email at connor.tracy@louisville.edu This podcast is a production of the McConnell Center at the University of Louisville. For more information, including upcoming events, please visit us online at mcconnellcenter.org or on social media at: Facebook: @mcconnellcenter Instagram: @ulmcenter Twitter: @ULmCenter Intro: Bridget Kim Host: Dr. Gary L. Gregg II Editor: Connor Tracy Music: Selected from http://freemusicarchive.org/music/Damiano_Baldoni/

Atlantis (Ancient Greek: Ἀτλαντὶς νῆσος, "island of Atlas") is a fictional island mentioned within an allegory on the hubris of nations in Plato's works Timaeus and Critias, where it represents the antagonist naval power that besieges "Ancient Athens", the pseudo-historic embodiment of Plato's ideal state in The Republic. In the story, Athens repels the Atlantean attack unlike any other nation of the known world, supposedly giving testament to the superiority of Plato's concept of a state. The story concludes with Atlantis falling out of favor with the deities and submerging into the Atlantic Ocean.Despite its minor importance in Plato's work, the Atlantis story has had a considerable impact on literature. The allegorical aspect of Atlantis was taken up in utopian works of several Renaissance writers, such as Francis Bacon's New Atlantis and Thomas More's Utopia. On the other hand, nineteenth-century amateur scholars misinterpreted Plato's narrative as historical tradition, most notably in Ignatius L. Donnelly's Atlantis: The Antediluvian World. Plato's vague indications of the time of the events—more than 9,000 years before his time[6]—and the alleged location of Atlantis—"beyond the Pillars of Hercules"—has led to much pseudoscientific speculation. As a consequence, Atlantis has become a byword for any and all supposed advanced prehistoric lost civilizations and continues to inspire contemporary fiction, from comic books to films.While present-day philologists and classicists agree on the story's fictional character, there is still debate on what served as its inspiration. As for instance with the story of Gyges, Plato is known to have freely borrowed some of his allegories and metaphors from older traditions. This led a number of scholars to investigate possible inspiration of Atlantis from Egyptian records of the Thera eruption, the Sea Peoples invasion, or the Trojan War. Others have rejected this chain of tradition as implausible and insist that Plato created an entirely fictional nation as his example, drawing loose inspiration from contemporary events such as the failed Athenian invasion of Sicily in 415–413 BC or the destruction of Helike in 373 BC.

Atlantis (Ancient Greek: Ἀτλαντὶς νῆσος, "island of Atlas") is a fictional island mentioned within an allegory on the hubris of nations in Plato's works Timaeus and Critias, where it represents the antagonist naval power that besieges "Ancient Athens", the pseudo-historic embodiment of Plato's ideal state in The Republic. In the story, Athens repels the Atlantean attack unlike any other nation of the known world, supposedly giving testament to the superiority of Plato's concept of a state. The story concludes with Atlantis falling out of favor with the deities and submerging into the Atlantic Ocean.Despite its minor importance in Plato's work, the Atlantis story has had a considerable impact on literature. The allegorical aspect of Atlantis was taken up in utopian works of several Renaissance writers, such as Francis Bacon's New Atlantis and Thomas More's Utopia. On the other hand, nineteenth-century amateur scholars misinterpreted Plato's narrative as historical tradition, most notably in Ignatius L. Donnelly's Atlantis: The Antediluvian World. Plato's vague indications of the time of the events—more than 9,000 years before his time[6]—and the alleged location of Atlantis—"beyond the Pillars of Hercules"—has led to much pseudoscientific speculation. As a consequence, Atlantis has become a byword for any and all supposed advanced prehistoric lost civilizations and continues to inspire contemporary fiction, from comic books to films.While present-day philologists and classicists agree on the story's fictional character, there is still debate on what served as its inspiration. As for instance with the story of Gyges, Plato is known to have freely borrowed some of his allegories and metaphors from older traditions. This led a number of scholars to investigate possible inspiration of Atlantis from Egyptian records of the Thera eruption, the Sea Peoples invasion, or the Trojan War. Others have rejected this chain of tradition as implausible and insist that Plato created an entirely fictional nation as his example, drawing loose inspiration from contemporary events such as the failed Athenian invasion of Sicily in 415–413 BC or the destruction of Helike in 373 BC.

Breiðskífa með Ring of Gyges. Ný lög með Agnesi Björt Andradóttur og Halldóri Eldjárn, Ágústi Gústafssyni, Villa, Caterpillarman, Pondus, Retro Mutants, Pálma Steingrímssyni, Múrurum, Foringjunum, Z og Thorlacius. Hljómsveitin Ring of Gyges hefur nýverið gefið út sína fyrstu breiðskífu og hún verður til skoðunar í Langspili í kvöld. Við heyrum einnig ný lög með Agnesi Björt Andradóttur og Halldóri Eldjárn, Ágústi Gústafssyni, Villa, Caterpillarman, Pondus, Retro Mutants, Pálma Steingrímssyni, Múrurum, Foringjunum, Z og Thorlacius. Lagalisti Langspils 194: 1. Youngblood - Daisy Hill Puppy Farm 2. Demetra - HAM 3. Söngur geimunglingsins - Apparat Organ Quartet 4. Andvaka - Ring of Gyges 5. Dusk - Ring of Gyges 6. Dawn - Ring of Gyges 7. Lost My Way - Ágúst Gústafsson 8. Logn - Agnes Björt Andradóttir og Halldór Eldjárn 9. Cool Kids - Villi 10. Walk the streets - Caterpillarman 11. Audioslave - Retro Mutants 12. What to do - Pálmi Steingrímsson 13. Í vagni 3 frá Skeifunni að Háskólanum en gæti farið út hjá Landspítalanum - Múrarar 14. Nótt - Foringarnir 15. Rjómi - Z 16. Myndin af mér - Thorlacius 17. The Sun - Pondus Hefurðu samið ótrúlega gott lag, sem þér finnst að eigi að spila í útvarpi? Sendu inn lag í þáttinn og hver veit... Langspil er á dagskrá Rásar 2 á sunnudagskvöldum frá 19.20-21.00. Umsjón: Heiða Eiríksdóttir

In history, Gyges became king of Lydia by committing a crime - we hear this story and an alternative version in which he used a magic ring to make himself invisible - and we ask an important question.

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This fourteenth episode of the Philosophy Bakes Bread radio show and podcast is a special new edition of the show. It's the first of what we are calling a "Breadcrumb." A Breadcrumb is a short, 8-15 minute episode that was cut off from a longer show, or that's a collage of little clips. We may occasionally also record short Breadcrumb episode to have a little more time for a proper "You Tell Me" segment, in which we get to reply substantively to listener feedback. This first Breadcrumb includes questions that Dr. Anthony Cashio really wanted to add after our interview with Dr. Jana Mohr Lone, especially about how one can get started teaching philosophy to children.  Recall that Dr. Lone is the Director and founder of the University of Washington's Center for Philosophy for Children. The Center brings philosophers and students trained in philosophy into K-12 public school classrooms to facilitate philosophy classes. She is also the author of The Philosophical Child, which explores ways that parents and other adults can stimulate philosophical conversations about children's questions, co-author of Philosophy in Education: Questioning and Dialogue in Schools, and co-editor of Philosophy and Education: Introducing Philosophy to Young People, which examines various issues involved in teaching philosophy to young people. As always, you can reach out to us on Facebook @PhilosophyBakesBread and on Twitter @PhilosophyBB; email us at philosophybakesbread@gmail.com; or call and record a voicemail that we play on the show, at 859.257.1849. Philosophy Bakes Bread is a production of the Society of Philosophers in America (SOPHIA). Check us out online at PhilosophyBakesBread.com and check out SOPHIA at PhilosophersInAmerica.com.

Cloaking Devices and the Ring of Gyges.   Invisibility has a long tradition both in fiction and in philosophy, from The Ring of Gyges in Plato's Republic to The Invisible Man by H. G. Wells, from the One Ring in The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien to the Klingon and Romulan cloaking devices seen throughout the Star Trek universe. In this episode of Meta Treks hosts Mike Morrison and Zachary Fruhling discuss the ethics of invisibility. Do these fictional invisibility devices reveal the true darkness of our inner nature, or is the power of invisibility a seductive and corrupting force that leads to a spiral of moral decay? Is it possible, through the cultivation of moral virtues, habits, and training, to shield oneself against the influence of the temptations of anonymity? And speaking of invisibility rings and cloaking devices, Mike and Zachary ask the deepest question of all: what exactly would Captains Kirk, Picard, Sisko, Janeway, and Archer do with unfettered access to a personal cloaking device or an invisibility ring?   Chapters  Welcome to Episode 62 (00:01:07)  The Ring of Gyges and the Ethics of Invisibility (00:03:32)  Romulan and Klingon Cloaking Devices (00:11:38)  Star Trek VI - It Has to Have a Tailpipe (00:13:56)  Klingon Honor - Don't Fire While Cloaked (00:15:59)  Romulans - Thieves in the Night (00:19:12)  Federation Cloaking Devices in TNG and DS9 (00:21:16)  WWCD - What Would the Captains Do? (00:29:06)  Does Invisibility Corrupt or Reveal Human Nature? (00:35:30)  The Sonic Shower Stipulation (00:44:31)  Just One Little Step - The Nature/Nurture Debate (00:50:12)  Cultivating Moral Habits - Defeating Temptation (00:55:10)  "The Pegasus" and "Equinox" - A Slippery Slope (01:03:49)  Lightness, Darkness, and Privacy (01:09:28)  Closing (01:18:02)   Hosts Mike Morrison and Zachary Fruhling   Production Mike Morrison (Editor) Zachary Fruhling (Producer) Matthew Rushing (Executive Producer) Ken Tripp (Executive Producer) C Bryan Jones (Executive Producer) Patrick Devlin (Associate Producer) Kay Shaw (Associate Producer) Kit Loffstadt (Associate Producer) Richard Marquez (Production Manager) Brandon-Shea Mutala (Patreon Manager)   Send us your feedback! Twitter: @trekfm  Facebook: http://facebook.com/trekfm  Voicemail: http://www.speakpipe.com/trekfm  Contact Form: http://www.trek.fm/contact  Visit the Trek.fm website at http://www.trek.fm/  Subscribe in iTunes: http://itunes.com/trekfm   Support the Network! Become a Trek.fm Patron on Patreon and help us keep Star Trek talk coming every week. We have great perks for you at http://patreon.com/trekfm

This week we discuss the ring of Gyges, the origin of war and the foundation of cities in Plato's Republic Book 2.

In this half audio for non-subscribers, I begin the analysis of Plato’s Republic, covering books I and II, setting the stage for what will be the ideal city. Also contained in Book II is a fascinating discussion of the Hellenic mysteries and the Ring of Gyges, the magical talisman from a giant that grants the power to be invisible. Is this ring only a morality tale, or does it signify hidden metaphysics and secret techne?This is a partial lecture, the full version can be obtained by subscribing to JaysAnalysis for 4.95 a month, as well as access to archived talks and interviews, at the subscription tab.

Before H.G. Wells' Invisible Man and J.R.R. Tolkien's One Ring, there was the Ring of Gyges: a mythical artifact that turned the wearer invisible. Would such anonymity turn you into a law-breaking monster, or does morality extend beyond the fear of judgement and punishment? From Plato to modern psychology, Stuff to Blow Your Mind explores... Learn more about your ad-choices at https://news.iheart.com/podcast-advertisers

Episode Audio Dave and Tamler talk about the value and purposes of thought experiments in philosophy and science. Does the trolley problem tell us more about moral psychology than how people make judgments introlley problems? Can an imagined scenario about two balls refute an almost two thousand year old theory of falling objects?  When young virgin Dave learned all the physical facts about sex, did he learnanything new when it finally happened?  All this and more in Part One of our two part episode on this topic.LinksThe experience machine [wikipedia.org]Mary the color scientist [wikipedia.org]Zombies [wikipedia.org]Qualia [wikipedia.org]The Violinist from "A defense of Abortion" [wikipedia.org]The Ship of Theseus [wikipedia.org]Newcomb's Paradox [wikipedia.org]Ring of Gyges [wikipedia.org]Peter Singer's thought experiment [wikipedia.org]Veil of Ignorance [wikipedia.org]Galileo's Balls [philosophical-investigations.org]Tamler's Zombie Paper

In dieser Folge geht es nicht um Mythen, sondern um ein Märchen der griechischen Antike. Platon hat dieses Märchen überliefert. Es ist ein Märchen über die Neugierde ...

After introducing Plato's Republic, Professor Gendler turns to the discussion of Glaucon's challenge in Book II. Glaucon challenges Socrates to defend his claim that acting justly (morally) is valuable in itself, not merely as a means to some other end (in this case, the reputation one gets from seeming just). To bolster the opposing position--that acting justly is only valuable as a means to attaining a good reputation--Glaucon sketches the thought experiment of the Ring of Gyges. In the second half of the lecture, Professor Gendler discusses the experimental results of Daniel Batson, which suggest that, at least in certain controlled laboratory settings, people appear to care more about seeming moral than about actually acting fairly. These experimental results appear to support Glaucon's hypothesis in the Ring of Gyges thought experiment.

Waldemar und Jürgen trafen sich abermals um über die wichtigen Themen dieser Welt zu sprechen. Neben einer kurzen Information in eigener Sache nahmen wir uns dem Thema Prophezeiungen an. Wir sprachen über: Hysterika @reliveradio, Cradle of Haze - die uns ein neues Intro und Outro schenkten, #Podwichteln 2013 der #podunion, die Verfügbarkeit von Hysterika: @app.net / @twitter / @google+ / @bitlove.org / @itunes / @podcast.de und podbe.wikibyte.org Dann schnurstracks zum eigentlichen Thema: Selbsterfüllende Prophezeiung, gewollte Prophezeiung, Weissagung, Verheißung, Orakel von Delphi, Apollon, Ödipus, Gyges, Alexander der Große, Krösus, Themistokles, Sokrates, Sibylle, Kassandra, Nostrdamus, Maya-Prophezeiung, Marienerscheinung in Fatima, Mühlhials Alois Irlmaier usw. usf. Das nächste Thema steht ebenfalls fest - wird aber noch nicht verraten (nur, dass es dazu viele Filme und Bücher geben wird) Uns hat es gefallen - Euch hoffentlich doch auch. Intro und Outro mit superfreundlicher Genehmigung und extra dafür hergestellt von der nicht zu verachtenden Band CRADLE OF HAZE (www.cradleofhaze.de) - Schaut dort einfach mal vorbei - soll Euer Schaden nicht sein. Bis zur nächsten Folge! www.hysterika.de

After a long hiatus, Tones and Mike are finally back with a 2-part episode on Plato’s Republic.  In this Part 1 episode, we discuss the Ring of Gyges and The Cave, respectively linking them to conversations on Ethics and Epistemology.  Mike and Tones also discuss the importance of working with a partner and revisit the link between […]

In the last teaching, JERRY O. LEE presented: THE INTRODUCTION to the Interpretation of: The Lost Book Of The Wars Of The Gods...We covered a brief of 14,000 years of the cross called "The Swastika". We also connected the modern "Caduceus" The serpent and Seraphim pole made by Moses but later changed in modern times to two serpents on the pole instead and used as a medical commitment symbol, (for the Hippocratic Oath). We also spoke briefly about the two pillar posts, of King Solomon Temple called Boaz and Jachin, and their meaning and connection. We revealed how that over 3000 years ago in Troy, (City of the Trojan Horse), located in the ancient Laodicia Dominion of Gyges, (Gog and Magog) which land is now called Turkey, where during a more modern time ago in a famous archeological dig, a dead king's mask was found with Swastikas inscribed on it (The Swastika is the oldest symbol in the known world).` This Sunday, After a brief rehearsal of the Introduction, The Story Begins. It will be sensational, you will not want to miss it. This story is Bible but hidden in the words of the Bible making them invisible to the common masses of readers.