Podcasts about linux os

This show has been flagged as Explicit by the host. Background It all happened when I noticed that a disk space monitor sitting in the top right hand side on my Gnome desktop was red. On inspection I discovered that my root filesystem was 87% full. The root partition was only 37GB in size which meant there was less than 4GB of space left. When I thought back I remembered that my PC was running a bit slower than usual and that that the lack of space in the root partition could have been to blame. I had some tasks that I wanted to complete and thought I'd better do something about the lack of space before it became an even bigger problem. What happened As per usual all this happened when I was short of time and I was in a bit of a hurry. Lesson one don't do this sort of thing when your in a bit of a hurry. Because I was in a hurry I didn't spend time doing a complete backup. Lesson two do a backup. My plan was to get some space back by shrinking my home partition leaving some empty space to allow me to increase the size of my root partition. For speed and ease I decided to use Gparted as I have used this many times in the past. Wikipedia article about Gparted Official Gparted webpage It's not a good idea to try and resize and or move a mounted filesystem so a bootable live version of Gparted would be a good idea. The reason for this is that if you run Gparted from your normal Linux OS and the OS decides to write something to the disk while Gparted is also trying to write or move things on the disk then as you could imagine very bad things could and probably would happen. I knew I had an old bootable live CDROM with Gparted on it as I had used this many times in the past though not for a few years. As I was short on time I thought this would be the quickest way to get the job done. I booted up the live CD and setup the various operations such as shrinking the home partitions, moving it to the right to leave space for the root partition then finally increasing the size of the almost full root partition. What I didn't notice at the time is that there was a tiny explanation mark on at least one of the partitions. I probably missed this because I was in a hurry. Lesson three don't rush things and be on the lookout for any error messages. When I clicked the green tick button to carry out the operations it briefly seemed to start and almost instantly stopped saying that there were errors and that the operation was unsuccessful and something about unsupported 64 bit filesystems. At this point I thought / hoped that nothing had actually happened. My guess was that the old live Gparted distribution I was using didn't support Ext4 though I could be completely wrong on this. Lesson four don't use old versions of Gparted particularly when performing operations on modern filesystems. Wikipedia article about the Ext4 filesystem I removed the Gparted bootable CD and rebooted my PC. At this point I got lots of errors scrolling up the screen I then got a message I've never see before from memory I think it said Journaling It then said something about pass 1 pass 2 pass 3 and continued all the way to 5. Then it talked about recovering data blocks. At this point I got very nervous. I had all sorts of fears going through my head. I imagined I may have lost all the contents of my hard-rive. The whole experience was very scary. I let it complete all operations and eventually my Ubuntu operating system came up and seemed okay. I rebooted the PC and this time it booted correctly with no error messages and everting was okay. I have often seen things said about Journaling filesystems and how good they are though until this point I had never seen any real examples of them repairing a filesystem. Both my root and home partitions were EXT 4 and thankfully EXT 4 supports Journaling which I believe on this occasion saved me from a great deal of pain. Lesson five it might be a good idea to use Journaling filesystems. Wikipdeai article about Journaling filesystems This still left me with the original problem in that I had little free space on my root filesystems. This time I decided to take my time and break the task up into smaller chunks and not to do it in one go. First I downloaded the newest Live distribution version of Gparted I performed the checksum test to make sure the download was successful with no errors. The next day I tried to write it to a CD-ROM something I haven't done for a very long time. I initially couldn't understand why I couldn't click on the write button then I looked at my blank CD-ROM using the UBUNTU GNOME DISKS application. It reported that the disk was read only. I did a bit of goggling and came across a post saying that they had come across this and that they solved this by installing the CD-ROM writing application Brasero. Wikipedia article about Brasero ) Official website for Brasero Installing Brasero solved the problem and allowed me to write the image file to CD-ROM. I was actually surprised that it wasn't installed as I've used this application in the past. Just goes to show how long it's been since I've written anything to CD-ROM! I booted the CD-ROM to check that Gparted worked and didn't see any explanation marks on any of my partitions. I was short on time and didn't want to rush things so decided to stop at this point. Later on I popped the live bootable Gparted CD-ROM running version 1.6.0.3 AMD 64 version into my PC and booted it up. Everything seemed okay and there were no errors showing. I took my home partition SDA6 and shrunk it down by about 20 GB and then shifted it 20 GB to the right to the end of the disk. This left a 20 GB gap at the end of my root partition. I then increased the size of my root partition SDA5 by approximately 20 GB to fill the empty space. It took Gparted about one hour and 40 minutes to complete all the operations. The root partition is now reporting 61% full rather than 86% full. The root partition is now approximately 53 GB in size with 31 GB used. 22 GB is now free which is a bit more comfortable. Picture 1 Is a screenshot of GParted showing the new sizes of my root and home partitions. I removed the GParted CD from my CD-ROM drive and rebooted the PC to thankfully find all was well and no errors reported. Conclusion My PC is now running more smoothly. All I can say after all this is that I consider myself very lucky this time and I hope I learned some valuable lessons along the way. Provide feedback on this episode.

Linux OS with Roy (KI7PKL).

At the heart of The Prophets' vision are “The 24 Essential Supply Chain Processes.” What are they? Find out, and see the future yourself. Click here In this Auto Supply Chain Prophets episode, hosts Terry Onica and Jan Griffiths explore the world of automotive software and technology with their guest, Manoj Karwa, Chief Revenue Officer for the Americas at Elektrobit. Manoj dives into the exciting world of Software-Defined Vehicles (SDVs) and the advantages of open-source technology. He explains how SDVs, much like smartphones, will continually evolve with new features and improvements over time, enhancing everything from infotainment to safetyElektrobit is at the forefront of these innovations, with its software powering over five billion devices across over 600 million vehicles. Manoj highlights Elektrobit's groundbreaking Linux OS solution, the first and only to meet ASIL B/SIL 2 safety requirements. This commitment underscores Elektrobit's dedication to advancing safer and more reliable Software-Defined Vehicles.The discussion also covers the challenges and importance of validating software to prevent issues like the recent CrowdStrike incident that caused the largest outage in the history of information technology.When it comes to choosing the right software partners, Manoj believes that opting for the cheapest option can backfire. Instead, he advocates for focusing on value and quality, drawing from his experience in the automotive industry. He notes that as the market becomes more fragmented with new players and technologies, flexibility and a commitment to delivering exceptional value will be key for supply chain leaders.Manoj concludes the episode with critical advice for leaders in the automotive supply chain: prioritize software above all else. He warns that failing to adapt to this software-driven future could lead to obsolescence, urging leaders to reinvent themselves or be left behind.This episode is a must-listen for anyone in the auto supply chain looking to understand the future landscape of automotive technology and software's pivotal role in driving innovation and efficiency.Themes discussed in this episode:The role of automotive software in Software-Defined Vehicles and automotive technologyUnderstanding the potential benefits of Elektrobit's open-source source approachHow Software is transforming the automotive sector, including innovation and integration challengesEnhancing customer experience through software updates and added functionalities.The importance of software validation in ensuring the safety and security of software in vehiclesStrategies and considerations for managing the supply chain with a focus on software integration.Why designing the software before the hardware is essential in today's automotive landscapeFeatured on this episode: Name: Manoj KarwaTitle: Chief Revenue Growth Officer Americas at Elektrobit Automotive Americas Inc. About: Manoj Karwa, Chief Revenue Growth Officer Americas at Elektrobit Automotive Americas Inc., brings over 20 years of experience in the mobility industry, specializing in electric vehicle infrastructure, electric drive, power electronics, and energy storage systems. He has played key roles in scaling operations and facilitating acquisitions in the EV and renewable energy sectors, including overseeing the deployment of over 10,000 EV charging stations across major automakers and nearly 3,000 dealerships. Before Elektrobit, Manoj held leadership positions at EVBox, Leviton Manufacturing, General Motors, AT Kearney, and Ricardo Consulting and was part of the management team that led to the acquisition of Rhombus Energy Solutions...

Run Linux workloads on Azure for reliability, security, and innovation. Build your entire app in Azure, using Linux and open source services. Choose from a wide range of Linux distributions, leverage cost-saving benefits with Azure Hybrid Benefit, and get seamless integration with distros like SUSE, Ubuntu, and Red Hat. Join Azure expert, Matt McSpirit as he shares why you should run your Linux workloads on Azure, and how to ensure security of sensitive data with AI-driven threat detection, Defender for Cloud, and Confidential Computing. ► QUICK LINKS: 00:00 - Run Linux workloads on Azure 00:26 - Open source distribution 02:44 - Build apps in Azure using open source technologies 03:40 - Limitless scaling and reliability 05:40 - Deploy, manage, and extend Linux workloads on Azure 06:53 - Red Hat integration 07:40 - Open source options for compute 08:32 - Extend and modernize app experiences 09:02 - Security advantages for Linux workloads 09:47 - Wrap Up   ► Link References: Get started with Linux on Azure at https://azure.com/linux   ► Unfamiliar with Microsoft Mechanics?  As Microsoft's official video series for IT, you can watch and share valuable content and demos of current and upcoming tech from the people who build it at Microsoft. • Subscribe to our YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/MicrosoftMechanicsSeries • Talk with other IT Pros, join us on the Microsoft Tech Community: https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/microsoft-mechanics-blog/bg-p/MicrosoftMechanicsBlog • Watch or listen from anywhere, subscribe to our podcast: https://microsoftmechanics.libsyn.com/podcast   ► Keep getting this insider knowledge, join us on social: • Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/MSFTMechanics  • Share knowledge on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/microsoft-mechanics/ • Enjoy us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/msftmechanics/ • Loosen up with us on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@msftmechanics

We're building a completely hidden Linux OS inside an existing system—with no trace left behind.Sponsored By:Tailscale: Tailscale is a programmable networking software that is private and secure by default - get it free on up to 100 devices!Kolide: Kolide is a device trust solution for companies with Okta, and they ensure that if a device isn't trusted and secure, it can't log into your cloud apps.Support LINUX UnpluggedLinks:

We're building a completely hidden Linux OS inside an existing system—with no trace left behind.Sponsored By:Tailscale: Tailscale is a programmable networking software that is private and secure by default - get it free on up to 100 devices!Kolide: Kolide is a device trust solution for companies with Okta, and they ensure that if a device isn't trusted and secure, it can't log into your cloud apps.Support LINUX UnpluggedLinks:

Leo Laporte shows off another one of his recent Instagram purchases. Can you send out text messages similarly to a BCC email? Gmail turns 20! Plus, Scott Wilkinson joins the show to talk with Leo and Mikah Sargent about physical media and how often one wants to watch older movies. An accidental discovery of a backdoor likely prevented thousands of infections. The great rewiring: is social media really behind an epidemic of teenage mental illness? What is My Ping Tag? Can I text multiple people on an iPhone to function similarly to a BCC email? With the changing landscape of broadcast television, a caller wants to know if Leo and MIkah think that traditional TV is dying. Scott Wilkinson and March 2024's Home Theater of the Month. 20 years of Gmail. How long can I continue to safely use an older version of an app on my phone? Is there a way to backup photos without using a laptop? With the discontinuation of Echo Connect, is there a similar service or process to announce phone calls and allow calls to be initiated by voice? What hard drives should I get when purchasing a Synology NAS? What's a good Linux OS to install on an older computer? Why are certain shows on my YouTube TV recordings quieter than others? Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Guest: Scott Wilkinson Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/2018 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys Sponsors: zscaler.com/zerotrustAI wix.com/studio joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT ecamm.com/twit or use Promo Code TWIT

Leo Laporte shows off another one of his recent Instagram purchases. Can you send out text messages similarly to a BCC email? Gmail turns 20! Plus, Scott Wilkinson joins the show to talk with Leo and Mikah Sargent about physical media and how often one wants to watch older movies. An accidental discovery of a backdoor likely prevented thousands of infections. The great rewiring: is social media really behind an epidemic of teenage mental illness? What is My Ping Tag? Can I text multiple people on an iPhone to function similarly to a BCC email? With the changing landscape of broadcast television, a caller wants to know if Leo and MIkah think that traditional TV is dying. Scott Wilkinson and March 2024's Home Theater of the Month. 20 years of Gmail. How long can I continue to safely use an older version of an app on my phone? Is there a way to backup photos without using a laptop? With the discontinuation of Echo Connect, is there a similar service or process to announce phone calls and allow calls to be initiated by voice? What hard drives should I get when purchasing a Synology NAS? What's a good Linux OS to install on an older computer? Why are certain shows on my YouTube TV recordings quieter than others? Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Guest: Scott Wilkinson Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/2018 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/all-twittv-shows Sponsors: zscaler.com/zerotrustAI wix.com/studio joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT ecamm.com/twit or use Promo Code TWIT

Leo Laporte shows off another one of his recent Instagram purchases. Can you send out text messages similarly to a BCC email? Gmail turns 20! Plus, Scott Wilkinson joins the show to talk with Leo and Mikah Sargent about physical media and how often one wants to watch older movies. An accidental discovery of a backdoor likely prevented thousands of infections. The great rewiring: is social media really behind an epidemic of teenage mental illness? What is My Ping Tag? Can I text multiple people on an iPhone to function similarly to a BCC email? With the changing landscape of broadcast television, a caller wants to know if Leo and MIkah think that traditional TV is dying. Scott Wilkinson and March 2024's Home Theater of the Month. 20 years of Gmail. How long can I continue to safely use an older version of an app on my phone? Is there a way to backup photos without using a laptop? With the discontinuation of Echo Connect, is there a similar service or process to announce phone calls and allow calls to be initiated by voice? What hard drives should I get when purchasing a Synology NAS? What's a good Linux OS to install on an older computer? Why are certain shows on my YouTube TV recordings quieter than others? Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Guest: Scott Wilkinson Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/2018 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/total-leo Sponsors: zscaler.com/zerotrustAI wix.com/studio joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT ecamm.com/twit or use Promo Code TWIT

Leo Laporte shows off another one of his recent Instagram purchases. Can you send out text messages similarly to a BCC email? Gmail turns 20! Plus, Scott Wilkinson joins the show to talk with Leo and Mikah Sargent about physical media and how often one wants to watch older movies. An accidental discovery of a backdoor likely prevented thousands of infections. The great rewiring: is social media really behind an epidemic of teenage mental illness? What is My Ping Tag? Can I text multiple people on an iPhone to function similarly to a BCC email? With the changing landscape of broadcast television, a caller wants to know if Leo and MIkah think that traditional TV is dying. Scott Wilkinson and March 2024's Home Theater of the Month. 20 years of Gmail. How long can I continue to safely use an older version of an app on my phone? Is there a way to backup photos without using a laptop? With the discontinuation of Echo Connect, is there a similar service or process to announce phone calls and allow calls to be initiated by voice? What hard drives should I get when purchasing a Synology NAS? What's a good Linux OS to install on an older computer? Why are certain shows on my YouTube TV recordings quieter than others? Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Guest: Scott Wilkinson Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/2018 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys Sponsors: zscaler.com/zerotrustAI wix.com/studio joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT ecamm.com/twit or use Promo Code TWIT

Leo Laporte shows off another one of his recent Instagram purchases. Can you send out text messages similarly to a BCC email? Gmail turns 20! Plus, Scott Wilkinson joins the show to talk with Leo and Mikah Sargent about physical media and how often one wants to watch older movies. An accidental discovery of a backdoor likely prevented thousands of infections. The great rewiring: is social media really behind an epidemic of teenage mental illness? What is My Ping Tag? Can I text multiple people on an iPhone to function similarly to a BCC email? With the changing landscape of broadcast television, a caller wants to know if Leo and MIkah think that traditional TV is dying. Scott Wilkinson and March 2024's Home Theater of the Month. 20 years of Gmail. How long can I continue to safely use an older version of an app on my phone? Is there a way to backup photos without using a laptop? With the discontinuation of Echo Connect, is there a similar service or process to announce phone calls and allow calls to be initiated by voice? What hard drives should I get when purchasing a Synology NAS? What's a good Linux OS to install on an older computer? Why are certain shows on my YouTube TV recordings quieter than others? Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Guest: Scott Wilkinson Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/2018 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/all-twittv-shows Sponsors: zscaler.com/zerotrustAI wix.com/studio joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT ecamm.com/twit or use Promo Code TWIT

Leo Laporte shows off another one of his recent Instagram purchases. Can you send out text messages similarly to a BCC email? Gmail turns 20! Plus, Scott Wilkinson joins the show to talk with Leo and Mikah Sargent about physical media and how often one wants to watch older movies. An accidental discovery of a backdoor likely prevented thousands of infections. The great rewiring: is social media really behind an epidemic of teenage mental illness? What is My Ping Tag? Can I text multiple people on an iPhone to function similarly to a BCC email? With the changing landscape of broadcast television, a caller wants to know if Leo and MIkah think that traditional TV is dying. Scott Wilkinson and March 2024's Home Theater of the Month. 20 years of Gmail. How long can I continue to safely use an older version of an app on my phone? Is there a way to backup photos without using a laptop? With the discontinuation of Echo Connect, is there a similar service or process to announce phone calls and allow calls to be initiated by voice? What hard drives should I get when purchasing a Synology NAS? What's a good Linux OS to install on an older computer? Why are certain shows on my YouTube TV recordings quieter than others? Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Guest: Scott Wilkinson Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/2018 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/total-mikah Sponsors: zscaler.com/zerotrustAI wix.com/studio joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT ecamm.com/twit or use Promo Code TWIT

Leo Laporte shows off another one of his recent Instagram purchases. Can you send out text messages similarly to a BCC email? Gmail turns 20! Plus, Scott Wilkinson joins the show to talk with Leo and Mikah Sargent about physical media and how often one wants to watch older movies. An accidental discovery of a backdoor likely prevented thousands of infections. The great rewiring: is social media really behind an epidemic of teenage mental illness? What is My Ping Tag? Can I text multiple people on an iPhone to function similarly to a BCC email? With the changing landscape of broadcast television, a caller wants to know if Leo and MIkah think that traditional TV is dying. Scott Wilkinson and March 2024's Home Theater of the Month. 20 years of Gmail. How long can I continue to safely use an older version of an app on my phone? Is there a way to backup photos without using a laptop? With the discontinuation of Echo Connect, is there a similar service or process to announce phone calls and allow calls to be initiated by voice? What hard drives should I get when purchasing a Synology NAS? What's a good Linux OS to install on an older computer? Why are certain shows on my YouTube TV recordings quieter than others? Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Guest: Scott Wilkinson Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/2018 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/total-leo Sponsors: zscaler.com/zerotrustAI wix.com/studio joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT ecamm.com/twit or use Promo Code TWIT

Leo Laporte shows off another one of his recent Instagram purchases. Can you send out text messages similarly to a BCC email? Gmail turns 20! Plus, Scott Wilkinson joins the show to talk with Leo and Mikah Sargent about physical media and how often one wants to watch older movies. An accidental discovery of a backdoor likely prevented thousands of infections. The great rewiring: is social media really behind an epidemic of teenage mental illness? What is My Ping Tag? Can I text multiple people on an iPhone to function similarly to a BCC email? With the changing landscape of broadcast television, a caller wants to know if Leo and MIkah think that traditional TV is dying. Scott Wilkinson and March 2024's Home Theater of the Month. 20 years of Gmail. How long can I continue to safely use an older version of an app on my phone? Is there a way to backup photos without using a laptop? With the discontinuation of Echo Connect, is there a similar service or process to announce phone calls and allow calls to be initiated by voice? What hard drives should I get when purchasing a Synology NAS? What's a good Linux OS to install on an older computer? Why are certain shows on my YouTube TV recordings quieter than others? Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Guest: Scott Wilkinson Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/2018 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/total-mikah Sponsors: zscaler.com/zerotrustAI wix.com/studio joindeleteme.com/twit promo code TWIT ecamm.com/twit or use Promo Code TWIT

Have you ever wondered what it takes to keep up with the demands of the software industry? We're here to break it down for you, taking you into software development. From setbacks in construction to navigating software complexities, Aaron Clippinger  offers honest insights into the highs and lows of building a company, specifically a software company. Discover how he overcomes obstacles, finds unexpected parallels, and learns to appreciate his journey. 

In this episode I spoke with Trent Van Epps, who is part of the Ethereum Foundation and a key member of Protocol Guild (PG). PG is a collective of 152 Ethereum core protocol contributors who are curated to receive public good funding from ecosystem sponsors. In turn, this is meant to balance incentives for contributors to work on the Ethereum protocol and prevent high contributor turnover.During the interview we discuss  how Ethereum is actually governed more publicly than people realize, the need for alternatives to venture capital, and how other digital commons like the Linux OS is governed. We also deep dive into how PG works and why their vision for public goods funding is different than others. If you liked the podcast be sure to give it a review on your preferred podcast platform. If you find content like this important consider donating to my Patreon starting at just $3 per month. It takes quite a lot of my time and resources so any amount helps. Follow me on Twitter (@TBSocialist) or Mastodon (@theblockchainsocialist@social.coop) and join the r/CryptoLeftists subreddit and Discord to join the discussion.Support the showICYMI I've written a book about, no surprise, blockchains through a left political framework! The title is Blockchain Radicals: How Capitalism Ruined Crypto and How to Fix It and is being published through Repeater Books, the publishing house started by Mark Fisher who's work influenced me a lot in my thinking. The book is officially published and you use this linktree to find where you can purchase the book based on your region / country.

Host Victoria Guido and special guest Regina Nkenchor discuss the evolution and impact of Regina's work with the GNOME Project and OpenKids Africa. Regina explains how the GNOME Project is advancing its Global Inclusive Initiative, aiming to amplify diverse voices within the community and contribute to GNOME's development. She expresses enthusiasm for OpenKids Africa's efforts to incorporate technology education in rural communities, primarily through engaging early childhood teachers in understanding and teaching tech like virtual reality and robotics. Victoria probes into strategies for sparking children's interest in technology, with Regina advocating for a co-creative, experience-based approach that includes real-life applications and interactive participation. They also touch on the challenges of balancing professional and personal commitments. Regina shares her ongoing journey to find balance by prioritizing and delegating while still maintaining her nonprofit work and her role at the GNOME Project. They also talk about personal growth and community engagement. Regina advises newcomers to leverage open-source tools and be open to change while encouraging fair treatment within the open-source community. Victoria reflects on her experiences with Women Who Code, highlighting the importance of community involvement and networking for career advancement. Both emphasize the significance of creating safe, welcoming spaces in tech communities to foster inclusion and support, especially for women in tech. GNOME (https://www.gnome.org/) Follow GNOME on X (https://twitter.com/gnome), Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/GNOME/), LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com/company/gnome-foundation/), YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/user/GNOMEDesktop), or Mastodon (https://floss.social/@gnome). OpenKids Africa (https://openkidsafrica.com/) Follow OpenKids Africa on LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com/company/openkidsafrica/), X (https://twitter.com/openkidsafrica), YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/@openkidsafrica), Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/openkidsafrica), or Instagram (https://www.instagram.com/openkidsafrica/). Follow Regina Nkenchor on LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com/in/reginankenchor/). Follow thoughtbot on X (https://twitter.com/thoughtbot) or LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com/company/150727/). Become a Sponsor (https://thoughtbot.com/sponsorship) of Giant Robots! Transcript: VICTORIA: This is the Giant Robots Smashing Into Other Giant Robots podcast, where we explore the design, development, and business of great products. I'm your host, Victoria Guido. And with me today is Regina, Board Vice President of the GNOME Foundation and Founder at OpenKids Africa. Regina, thank you for joining me. REGINA: Thank you so much for having me. It's such a great opportunity to be here today. VICTORIA: That's wonderful. So, what's going on in your world, anything fun or exciting happening? REGINA: You know, I actually work in Sweden. And this period is actually one of the...let me say the peak period, beginning of a new year, beginning of a new year for my job. So, there's so much around projects, projects, projects. So, I wouldn't say this is more like a fun period because, after the summer, it's a different time here when you're working in Europe. VICTORIA: Yes, working in Sweden must be so interesting. I'm wondering if you found any cultural differences that were really surprising about working there. REGINA: Oh yes. I think there are so many cultural differences, one of it is...I come from Nigeria, and we have more, like, a particular way...we don't have a schedule for having breakfast. So, we can have breakfast anytime we want to, and we don't feel any problem by it. So, I could decide to have my breakfast by 12:00 or by 1:00 and have my lunch by 4:00 p.m., you know, it just depends. But here, it's more like you have to have your breakfast early. And by 11:00, 12:00, 1:00, you should be having your lunch. I'm still trying to get used to that one anyway. And also, another cultural difference that I've seen here that is very, very obvious to me compared to where I'm coming from, and I think this is basically the work culture around here, so they have, like, a work culture of taking certain timeouts for vacations, which is not the same thing for me when I was working back in Nigeria. I mean, you could just pick your vacations anytime you want to have them. But here, it's more like you have to have them around the summer somehow so that you could basically have much fun and get the time required. So, I think these basic two things are things I've had to adjust to working here now for over two years, so yeah. VICTORIA: So, more rigid timeframes for lunch, and breakfast, and vacation [laughs]. REGINA: Yes, yes. And, you know, it's quite funny because even when my colleagues are like, "Let's go and have lunch," and I'm not ready. And they feel like, "Are you okay? Like, you should be having lunch." [laughs] So, it's really rigid timeframe here, I would say that. VICTORIA: I like that. You know, working in a remote world, it's so easy to just work through lunch or skip breakfast and just go straight to your computer and work. So, I kind of like it. They're looking out for you and making sure that you're taking your breaks. REGINA: Yes. Yes. And it's actually also making me self-conscious. Because, you know, working daytime as a software engineer, you don't know when to eat. You don't know when to take a break. So, that realization, I'm beginning to more, like, take it more in and adapt to the culture here. Now, I'm always looking out for myself. And when I wake up in the morning, I remember that I need to, you know, grab something, no matter how small. And then, when it's around lunchtime, I'm also preparing to have something as well. So, I think it's really good. And it also keeps me more healthy, I would say [laughs], compared to me just eating anytime I want to eat. So, I think it's a very good culture. VICTORIA: That's wonderful. And I really want to hear more about your journey and your career. I first heard about you and invited you to the podcast when you were a speaker for Open Source Festival in Nigeria earlier this year. So, I'm curious how you went from being in Nigeria and how did you get into software engineering and get to where you are today with the GNOME Project and everything else. REGINA: Well, thank you so much for that. I actually started my technology career path...that's about...I would say around about 10-11 years ago. So, I graduated with a public administration bachelor's, so a bachelor's in public administration. I really did not think that I would be doing what I'm doing today. But so, when I graduated years ago, that was 2010, I needed more opportunity. And at the time, in Nigeria, technology was not something that was very available to everyone. What I mean is technology was mostly found around those that are privileged, those with more advantage, and all of that. And I wasn't around the set of people that had...those privileged to have computers in their homes or to have parents that has the money to buy these kinds of resources. But I had always known as a child that I was very good with my hands. And I could remember when I was quite younger, I was the one that my dad would go to to repair his phone when it's not working well. So, I had this thing with my hands that I couldn't really explain that I like to repair things. And so, when I graduated from the university, I got an opportunity to attend more like a program, a computer program, where they would teach stuff around IT for beginners and all of that. So, I enrolled, and when I enrolled for that particular program, I can remember they would show us more like a slideshow of different programs that you would like to learn, and then give you more like, insight into job opportunities available for those programs. So, when I sat in that class as a beginner, and I was watching the slideshows, one of the courses that caught my interest was Linux administration and database administration, so I opted in for that particular course. And that was basically how my journey began. When I began to learn about Linux, I began to use it to basically manage databases; then, I was managing databases in Oracle. And I found that one of the things that I needed to learn was basically knowing how to administer the Linux OS. From there, I began my first job. I worked as a faculty, more like a lecturer teaching Linux administration. So, this time, I had learned, and now I have to help other students learn as well. So, because of this, I began to use more of open-source tools. Now, just to do a little bit of realization check here, at the time when I was basically lecturing years back as a Linux administrator, I did not know that the concept open source existed. I knew that I was using Linux, but I did not really understand the concept of what open source is. So, going forward now, as I began to use these tools and began to teach students how to administer databases and use more of Linux operating system tools, I somehow, a particular year, stumbled on the GNOME Project. Because GNOME is more like a feature of the Linux OS—it's a desktop application—I was already familiar with it. I just decided to make my contributions there anyway since I had been using the GNOME Project over the years with the Linux operating system. So, I was basically fascinated to see that everything I had done as a user in my career was basically using open source to basically teach Linux and to teach my students. So, that's, in some way, how I got into technology, how I got into open source, and all of that. So, going into how I found myself [laughs] in the Open Source Festival and how I found myself in GNOME Project, I chose to contribute to the GNOME Project, one, because GNOME is one of the basic...I'll say a very good feature of the Linux OS. It's a desktop application––allows usability in a way that Linux seems like a Windows operating system. And so, I decided to go into GNOME just to learn more about community, how the community looks like and also contribute my quota to outreach and engagement. So, what it means is that there are different areas you can contribute to in the GNOME project, one of it is community and engagements, which means you basically help to do outreach, marketing, and events. So, I wanted to basically bring the GNOME project down to my location, and that's Africa, Nigeria. I wanted people to basically see the benefits of what the GNOME Project is to the Linux ecosystem and how they can also contribute to it. So, because of this, I created a chapter of GNOME in Africa. Right now, we have a community of GNOME Africa. And basically, that is how I started. So, this particular Open Source Festival that just completed for 2023 was not my first, although I was a keynote for this particular one. I had attended Open Source Festival in 2020, where I shared as a workshop speaker, and I shared more about improving Linux experience for African users. And one of the demos I did was basically showcasing the GNOME Project to the users. VICTORIA: I love that. And maybe you can say more about what the GNOME Project is and the kind of impact it can have on communities like the one that you're from. REGINA: One of the things with GNOME Project, in some way, it's a desktop application, a desktop application that features in the Linux operating system. So, like you know, we have the Windows operating system, and then we have user-friendly desktop that allows us to be able to basically use Windows without going through command lines all the time. GNOME is like that desktop application to Linux operating system. So, it's a feature of distros of Linux that decides to basically use it. So, what does it do to a community like mine? I think it is very clear, usability, and allows people as well to be able to contribute to the GNOME shell. Like any other open-source projects, one of the things is that you don't just become a user. But also, you can contribute to the innovation of that particular project, so not just having to be consumers of products but also become creators of those products by contributing to what the community is doing. So, I think what it has done to a community like mine is basically given people the opportunity and the free will to become creators for something that is quite unique to the Linux operating system and allowing them to also become part of a community, bringing diversity to the global community globally. VICTORIA: So, how does GNOME benefit as a project from having these additional communities in areas where they may not have had before? REGINA: I think the key thing here is diverse voices. The key thing here is bringing in people to create more diverse GNOME Projects. And it's not a buzzword. I think creating better technologies is allowing for diverse users' views to be heard. So, before I came into the GNOME project, they had presence around Europe and the U.S. but not so much around Asia and Africa. What this means is that the design, the usability, the culture around the community is not going to be that that is very friendly towards these communities that they are not part of, these communities that doesn't really know what is happening in the GNOME Project. So, having to bring in diversity, bringing in somebody like myself, community like myself, into the GNOME Project, what this means is that there will be more opportunities for GNOME to evolve around what they have in the previous years into something that is more global, something that is more inclusive, you know, a project that allows people to become contributors and designers of the GNOME shell. So, I would say this: when I got into the board...this is my second time in the board. We've had several discussions around how to bring in diversity into the GNOME Project and also allow users, newcomers to feel welcomed in the GNOME Project. And that is a discussion and an action that is basically progressive here. We are having these conversations because I have now come into the project. There is now space for the GNOME Project to see that we need to be more inclusive. We need to be more diverse in our approach, in our design, in the basically way we listen to users right now. So, this was not the case before I came in. So, it's basically just allowing more diversity into the GNOME Project. VICTORIA: I love that. And I think there's been a lot of studies and evidence that have shown that projects and companies with more inclusive and more diverse voices perform better business-wise afterwards. So, it's not only, like, a moral imperative but just smart business decisions. REGINA: Yes, yes, yes, yes. Yes. VICTORIA: And I'm curious, as a community organizer myself [chuckles], what surprised you about the early stages of starting up this community in Africa, or maybe even joining the board of this community now that you've become there? Anything that surprised you in the process there? REGINA: I think one of the first things that surprised me is that it was more like I was the only one that knows that GNOME exists [laughs]. So, it's me having to first always explain, giving onboarding sections to newcomers to basically explain to them what the GNOME Project is, and doing multiple demos to show how the GNOME desktop works within Linux. And I thought that people would just know these things and people would just understand how the Linux project works. So, that basically surprised me because I had to always have to...even up until now, I always have to more, like, introduce, guide, and explain what GNOME is and help users to basically or newcomers basically decide if it is something that they will want to contribute to, right? So, that's one thing that surprised me. And I think the second thing that surprised me was mainly about when I came into the GNOME Project; for a project that global, I thought that there would be some certain level of diversity around the projects. And I thought that I would see more of people like myself or more of people from maybe, you know, Asia or something like that. But I realized that that wasn't the case. Instead, I remember when I was being introduced to the project, I was introduced to other two Africans, and that made us three. And it was shocking for me that there was less presence for Africans within the GNOME Project. And I think that's one of the basic motivation for me to build a community in Africa and to see that they know that a project like GNOME exists. VICTORIA: I love that, and it reminds me of when I was running DevOps groups with Women Who Code and DevOps DC, how frequently you have to do just a 101, like, a 101, like, here's the basics. Here's the introduction. And getting really good at that and just knowing you're going to have to keep doing that and to bring in new people. Yeah, that's interesting; that was the point for you. Mid-Roll Ad: When starting a new project, we understand that you want to make the right choices in technology, features, and investment but that you don't have all year to do extended research. In just a few weeks, thoughtbot's Discovery Sprints deliver a user-centered product journey, a clickable prototype or Proof of Concept, and key market insights from focused user research. We'll help you to identify the primary user flow, decide which framework should be used to bring it to life, and set a firm estimate on future development efforts. Maximize impact and minimize risk with a validated roadmap for your new product. Get started at: tbot.io/sprint VICTORIA: I'm curious; maybe we can dive more into open source in general and how it can be more inclusive and more diverse. Because I think what I see with open source is, you know, often, it's people doing maintenance on their own free time. They're not getting paid for it. And, of course, there's all the existing access and issues with enabling women to be more into technology careers. So, I'm curious if you have anything else that you think we should talk about with open source and how to make it more inclusive and have more voices at the table. REGINA: One of the things here is...and I feel like discussion there is a progressive discussion as open-source communities begin to grow, open-source ecosystem continues to grow. So, one of the things here is, basically, having programs that is geared towards under-representation people within the open-source ecosystem. And this program, I feel like, should be a program that encourages some certain level of incentives, you know, stipends for people that are going to be contributing. Because, like I said, in the past, open source has thrived more within Europe and the U.S. area. But in these areas, there are certain levels of opportunities that is presented. It's either the maintainer has good jobs, or they have projects that pays them on the side. So, they could easily give their free time to open-source contribution. But looking at the economy side of things and problems we have within areas like Africa and Asia, if you see people contributing or you want people to contribute to open source, there must be some other level of motivations that would get them to basically contribute to your project. So, there are programs like Outreachy. Outreachy is basically a program that helps women to contribute to open source, and they are paid a certain level of stipends at the end of three months, at the end of their contribution. We need to have more of such programs to encourage inclusive contribution into open source-projects. Because this way, we get more people that would not necessarily have an opportunity to become open-source contributors to come in to contribute. And also, [inaudible 18:29] more diverse voices in the open-source ecosystem. Another thing here is also that we need to also talk about one of the problems within open source at the moment, which is that we have less women representation, and I'm very glad you're very deep within community and Women Who Code as well. So, you will basically relate with this one. So, there are less women within the open-source ecosystem. And even the women that are contributing––they have challenges within the ways they are treated amongst maintenance. They have challenges even with how to prioritize what they are doing and to be able to also give their time to open source. So, these all challenges we need to begin to, you know, address them by giving voices to women within open source and helping them to solve some of these problems that they have within, you know, the communities that they are serving in. Another thing is to have representation in leadership, and I really cannot stress this enough. When I mean representation, it's having more women leaders because this is where the gap is here at the moment. I think the Linux Foundation had a particular research; I'm not very sure about the year. But it shows that we have about 93% of men in the open-source ecosystem, and that tells you what is left of women, you know, the percentage of women that we have within the open-source ecosystem. So, there's a whole lot of work we need to do to bring in more inclusiveness, to bring in more women into the open-source ecosystem. I'm not particularly sure about the exact statistics for that research, but I know it's around that range. Another thing is that we should encourage communities, open-source communities, to have separate channels where diverse voices can basically have their views about their community, so whether it is having to have a pool of questions geared towards, how do you think we are diverse? How diverse are we in this community? What can we do better? You know, taking metrics of your community is one way we can also bring in inclusivity into the open-source ecosystem. One of the last thing here that I would mention is events also––open-source events, has to also be conscious around people that are attending their events, around the different races, the different genders. This matrix needs to be taken to basically help to solve and bring more inclusivity into open-source community and open-source events. VICTORIA: You raised a lot of really great points there. And I won't even try to recap them all because I think I'll miss them [laughs]. But I think you're spot on with everything. It resonates with me, especially, like, working through Women Who Code; what you'll see is there's lots of people interested in joining. There's a drop-off rate around the mid-level of your career because of some of the things that you mentioned, the way that they're treated in the environments and in the communities, and not seeing a path forward to leadership. So, I think you're spot on with everything that you said there. And I'm curious; I want to make sure we make time to also talk about OpenKids Africa and your founding of that. And what was the goal or the idea behind it? REGINA: The idea behind it was basically my journey into tech. If you recall, I said I started my journey into tech after my bachelor's degree in public administration. And I felt like I could have done more with technology if I was aware about technology a bit more earlier in life. So, I wanted to create something and to build something that would give children an opportunity to have better career choices and possibly become technologists, or software engineer, or robotics engineer, or developers in future. But giving them the opportunity to know that this set of careers exist and they could actually make their choices from it. So, I grew up in Nigeria, like I said. And at the time I grew up, the trending careers were doctors, engineers, lawyers. And my parents actually wanted me to be a lawyer because, at the time, they believed that I was very good at arguments [chuckles]. I could argue a lot. And that basically quickly transcends to I can be a better lawyer. And also because lawyers, in those times, lawyers were very respected in the society. Now, don't get me wrong, lawyers are still respected. But at that time, it felt as though being a lawyer or being a doctor is the only way you're ever going to have a career in Nigeria. Having to feel like I disappointed my parents because I couldn't get into law...I had a diploma. I did a diploma in law program, but I did not get into my degree. So, I had to do something close, which was the public administration I took. Having to go through those whole process in my career and then finish my bachelor's and realizing that I was a bit better in a technology career, I felt like it was a bit late for me and that I would have taken a better chance at my career choices if I had known about technologies earlier. So, this is the motivation of creating OpenKids Africa is basically giving children an opportunity to know what they can do with technology, to know how technology cuts across different careers, and to make them realize that technology is no longer an option in your career choices; it's something that needs to be part of your career journey, whether they want to become doctors, whether they want to become technologists in future. Whatever they want to become, they need to have this basic foundation to thrive. So, that's basically what brought about OpenKids Africa. And my target is basically children in rural communities. And so, we are teaching children in rural communities several skills: how to code, how to understand basically foundational courses within technology. Recently, we went to different schools and giving them an experience of how virtual reality looks like. And it was really fun for these children because, like I said, they are in rural communities. They don't even have these opportunities in the first place, and except it is provided to them here. So, that's basically what we're doing. We're giving children in rural community an opportunity to experience technology and to make better career choices in the future. VICTORIA: I love that. And so, you found that the kids are really excited about learning about computers. Do you feel that the parents agree that technology is a good path for them to follow and study? REGINA: Well, I think that that's another part of OpenKids Africa. So, when I started OpenKids Africa, I wanted to explore the rural community and understand, basically, what are the unique cases that we have here? So that's part of those...I was exploring, basically. We found that some of the children would tell us that, "I like this, but my mom or my parent would not allow me to do this. They will not allow me to know how to use computers or to become maybe a technologist in future because my mom or my dad thinks I should be a doctor," and all of that. So, we had to remodel our strategy in a way that we now go to parents' associations in schools in rural communities. And we talk to them about technology, benefits of technology, and how they can encourage their children to learn technology, and also the future career choices for their children. And when we do this, when we speak to parents, we see the excitement of "Oh, so, my child can actually become this with this technology thing." And we also give them safety measures because, of course, there's so many things on the internet here. And there's safety tips for parents to know about, even if they want to allow their children to basically use computers and all of that, child control and all of those things. So, by talking to parents, we've realized that we have to have a two-model approach in OpenKids Africa, where we don't just teach the children and encourage the teachers to learn more about technology, but we also have to talk to the parents to allow their children to basically explore technology careers in the future, and also, showing them the opportunities that it will pose to them. So yeah, to be honest, this is one of the surprising things that I found, and it has continued to surprise me as a founder of OpenKids. VICTORIA: Well, that's, I think, a very common thing for founders is that you think you have one set of users, but there's actually another one [laughs] where it impacts you. REGINA: Exactly. Exactly [laughs]. VICTORIA: That's wonderful. Are you excited about on the horizon with either the GNOME Project or OpenKids Africa? REGINA: I will start with the GNOME Project. Right now, we are looking towards things like the Global Inclusive Initiative. And it's basically an initiative that we are looking to put together all the communities we have globally, giving more voices to diverse users to be able to contribute into GNOME. That is something on the pipeline that we're looking to plan. And I'm also excited for OpenKids Africa. So, right now, we are exploring how to get teachers in rural communities involved with what we're doing and basically train them separately as well to know the benefit of technology to children. So, the target teachers here are teachers that basically...early child education teachers and helping them to understand how to teach technology to children, and how to inspire children to appreciate technology innovation we have around the world, innovations like virtual reality, you know, robotics, and all of that. So, I'm really excited about that one because I feel like if you can tell the teachers how these things are and the benefits, and then they can better pass the message across to the children, making our work more easier when we have workshops and demos to do in schools, yeah. VICTORIA: And I've actually gotten this question quite a few times from people, which is, how do you get kids interested in learning [laughs] technology and learning how to code? REGINA: I think it's basically having a practice that is more child-friendly, co-creative. So, co-creation is basically, you are not the only one doing it. You're involving the children in it as well, and you give them the real-life experiences. So, for instance, when we went to talk about virtual reality to children, and we showed them what virtual reality does in the presentation, we engage with the kids. We make them give us their own ideas. We even go as far as allowing them to draw what they see and give us what they think about it. But we don't stop there. We get virtual sets and show them exactly...give them a real-life experience of what virtual reality is. So, children are very, very creative, and they also have a very fast mind to pick pictures. But not only that, they can also store experiences very, very fast. So, we utilize every area that makes children excited in our workshops. After we are done, we do practices, and we give them gifts as well for engaging in those practices. So yeah, we just co-creation [laughs]. VICTORIA: Wow. And you're doing so much because you have a full-time job. You're on the board for GNOME Project, and you have your non-profit, OpenKids Africa. So, how do you find a right balance in your life of work, and extra stuff, and your regular life [laughs]? REGINA: Honestly, I would say that the word balance I wouldn't use balance for me at the moment because I feel like I've not basically found the balance I'm looking for, but I've been able to prioritize. So, what that means is that I've been able to know what is important part-time and know when to take certain engagements. So, my full-time job is more, like, a priority right now because, of course, we need a job to be able to sustain our lives. So, I take that as my priority. And I have different schedule of days for other things like the GNOME community and working with my team in OpenKids Africa. So, I would say I'm quite lucky to have a very good team. And also, being part of GNOME board, the commitments are not as demanding as you would expect, you know, maybe a regular board. There are fixed schedules on things, and they have flexible time for contribution as well. I'm also part of the GNOME Africa community. And I recently just on-boarded a community manager because I realized that I need more, like, to take a step back so that I don't get burned out and all of that. So, I think it's basically prioritizing for me at the moment to gain the balance that I'm looking for. So, I think if I have a conversation with you maybe months after now, I would be able to know what balance feels like. So, I'm really experimenting with prioritizing at the moment. VICTORIA: We'll have to check back in in a few months and see how things are going. But I think that's a very honest answer, and I appreciate that. And I think that probably relates to how a lot of people feel, honestly, even having less on their plate that it's hard to find that balance. So, I appreciate you sharing that. And I wonder, too, if you had any advice for yourself. If you could go back in time, either when you were first starting on your journey or when you were first starting on either of these projects, what advice would you give yourself? REGINA: I think one of the things...I will talk about first starting on my technology career. I didn't have the opportunities that many young people had at the time because I didn't come from a background where my parents had the finances to basically give me the opportunity to learn technology the way I wanted to. But, I was able to make do with the resources I had at the time to learn and to basically grow. So, an advice I will give to my younger self and to anybody that wants to come into technology that do not have the resources, I would say leverage open-source tools as much as you can because now I realize that that's basically what helped me. And also, allow yourself to grow; it will always get better. Advice I would give to somebody coming into an open-source project like me at the GNOME Project. I think that one of the things that...understand why you're contributing to that project, and always seek to be treated fairly, always seek to be treated nicely. And also treat other people nicely and fairly as well. I think if we have these both balance, we'll have a better, healthy community within open source. And don't be scared to share your view. Don't be scared to basically be yourself wherever you are found in the community that you're representing. And if I would like to add: OpenKids Africa, for me, if anyone would be...it's, I would say, it's still young because we are going, I think, about our third year now. So, I will say it's still young. But what I would say to any founder that wants to basically found a non-profit or do something in the society, I think, is just to get your motivation, understand why you're doing them, and be open-minded to what you'll learn along the way. That's it. VICTORIA: I think that's great. Yeah, I love that. And I like that you mentioned that there are open-source tools out there. I'm trying to use those more, and I think I always try to iterate that for people, too, is, like, there's free training. There's free resources. There's free tools. And there are lots of people who want to see you succeed, no matter your background, or where you're from, or what you look like. So, I think that that's a really powerful message. So, I appreciate that. And do you have anything else that you would like to promote? REGINA: I think before that, I would like to learn more about the Women Who Code. As a community builder, what basically surprised you the most? VICTORIA: Yeah. So, what I loved about Women Who Code is that it was really aimed at helping women get started in careers in technology and maintaining careers in technology. So, I think what was interesting for me...I think I started doing it back in 2017 or 2018, and I just loved it. I loved going to a tech meetup with a room where it's all women [laughs]. Because, normally, and I'm sure you've had this experience, you go to a tech meetup, and you're maybe one of two, at the best, of women in the group. I just really enjoyed that. And I've been really surprised and happy to see how the women, including myself, who started running the meetups, and doing trainings, and helping other women learn how to code have really advanced in their career and become directors, or engineering managers, or really senior contributors in different companies. So, I think that that was a really interesting and surprising thing for people is, like, well, if you want to grow in your career, it helps to be active in your community and to be someone that people know and to have those connections. And I think it still surprises me to this day how my network that I got from investing in all of those meetups and all that time is still paying off [laughs]. Like, I could still, like, reach back into my network and find someone who is an expert on a particular subject or works at a company that I want to talk to or something like that. So, I think that that's been a really wonderful aspect of it. REGINA: Wow, that's quite interesting. And I really think, also I agree with you. One of the beautiful things around communities and meetups is basically networks, the people that you get to meet, the people that you get to know along the way. VICTORIA: Absolutely. Yeah, and those are the people that you want to keep working with. So, it helps you find jobs. It helps you find people to hire if you're hiring. It's worth it. Like [laughs], it can feel like, ugh, am I really going to go to this meetup [laughter], like, after work, after a long day? And, you know, maybe the topic is even something I'm not interested in. But it does pay off if you keep showing up and continue to invest in it. Yeah, I think that's smart. And make people feel safe, too. I think that was a big part of it is, you know, going to a meetup and meeting someone maybe like me who's nice and friendly and wants to hear your voice. I think that has a big impact for people, especially if they're, you know, the only woman at their company. And now they have a whole set of friends [laughs]. That's, yeah, how powerful that can be for people. REGINA: Exactly. Exactly. And you just said one of the most important things, and that's basically making people feel safe, making them welcomed as well. Interesting. Thank you for sharing that one because I was quite curious, and I wanted to really learn more. VICTORIA: Yeah, I'm very lucky. And we actually had the CEO and founder of Women Who Code on our podcast lately. So, you're in good company [laughs]. REGINA: Nice. VICTORIA: Yeah, it's wonderful. Do you have any other questions for me? REGINA: My last question, and I'm going to be asking again that I will be inviting you on my podcast as well [inaudible 37:32] [laughs] VICTORIA: Yes. Of course, yes. Absolutely. Send me the details. I'd be happy to join. All right. Well, thank you so much again for joining us. I really appreciate your time. And for our listeners, you can subscribe to the show and find notes along with a complete transcript for this episode at giantrobots.fm. If you have questions or comments, email us at hosts@giantrobots.fm. And you can find me on Twitter @victori_ousg. This podcast is brought to you by thoughtbot and produced and edited by Mandy Moore. Thank you for listening. See you next time. AD: Did you know thoughtbot has a referral program? If you introduce us to someone looking for a design or development partner, we will compensate you if they decide to work with us. More info on our website at tbot.io/referral. Or you can email us at referrals@thoughtbot.com with any questions. Special Guest: Regina Nkenchor.

We're back for Episode 118! In this episode Cody and Eric catch up on the news +  Battle Of The Systems: Diner (INTV), Fast Food (2600), Food Fight (Atari 7800) We are doing news for the first monthly episode and then "catching up" later in the month. Episode Guide ---------------- 6:42 - Quick Questions 21:42 - Patreon Song 37:40 - Tea Time With Tim - C64 bargain hunting 57:46 - News 1:52:48 - Battle Of The Systems: Diner (INTV), Fast Food (2600), Food Fight (Atari 7800) News -     Cody - https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/11/were-getting-a-full-size-amiga-console-in-2024  Tim – New port of Burger Time for C64. Faithful port of the arcade version comes to the C64 via Arlasoft on Itch.io. This port is free to download but as always please donate a few bucks to keep the cool ports and original games flowing.  https://arlagames.itch.io/burger-time  Eric – New ZX Spectrum 128K game – Chispy  https://xavisan.itch.io/chispy  Cody - https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/11/dark-chambers-joins-the-atari-xp-line-just-in-time-for-the-2600plus  Cody – Quick Evercade Update https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/11/blaze-reveals-release-dates-for-final-evercade-carts-of-2023  Tim – For all you Sam Coupe owners out there. Colin from samcoupe.com (@QuazarSamCoupe on X) has Version 1.2 of the Trinity Ethernet Interface now available for the SAM Coupe offering double the speed of SD card mass storage compared to earlier versions. You can also get an upgrade to your existing Trinity ROM from Colin if you email direct by going to his website.  Colin also has new releases of original Sam games that he holds the licenses for and publishing new physical versions for you to add to your Sam collection.  https://www.samcoupe.com/hardtrin.htm  Eric - Crystal Clear HDMI For The Commodore 64 In 60 Seconds  https://youtu.be/SBgo8oGFung?si=CuvrJK0OAd0XYqzA  Cody - https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/11/steam-deck-gets-switch-style-oled-upgrade  Tim - *From timeextension.com* Anbernic's $70 RG ARC Handheld Looks Like A Sega Saturn Pad! Anbernic has just teased a new handheld emulation device that appears to be modelled after the iconic Sega Saturn controller – right down to the rolling D-pad and button layout. It looks like it will be available in four colours across two variants. The RG ARC-D will dual-boot into Android and Linux OS, while the RG ARC-S will only offer Linux.  https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/11/anbernics-usd70-rg-arc-handheld-looks-like-a-sega-saturn-pad  Eric - SPGP Super Polygon Grand Prix on Steam  https://store.steampowered.com/app/2459860/SPGP_Super_Polygon_Grand_Prix/  Cody - https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/11/dangan-gb-2-is-an-awesome-bullet-hell-made-for-the-game-boy-colors-25th-anniversary  Tim – New preview video has just dropped for Sarah Jane Avory - Briley Witch Chronicles 2, a new RPG coming soon for the Commodore 64, PAL and NTSC.  Briley Witch Chronicles 2 is based on books 5 and 6 of the Briley Witch novels: The Fallen Witch, and Grey Waters.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sez0cDhkCRc  Cody- https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/10/unreleased-snes-platformer-mr-tuff-finally-goes-on-sale-28-years-later  Eric - One of the best shoot 'em ups ever just arrived on Steam | Rock Paper Shotgun  https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/one-of-the-best-shoot-em-ups-ever-just-arrived-on-steam  Cody - https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/11/indie-action-puzzler-petal-crash-is-getting-a-new-port-for-the-neo-geo  Eric – One step forward, two back – Atari Jacket for NFT owners only...  https://decrypt.co/203986/atari-revives-retro-members-only-jackets-nft-collectors  Cody – More Atari Madness - https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/10/atari-is-buying-digital-eclipse  Cody - https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/11/dark-chambers-joins-the-atari-xp-line-just-in-time-for-the-2600plus  Cody - https://retrododo.com/zelda-movie/  Eric – Super Mario RPG is out this month! And you won't believe the price!!!!  https://www.nintendo.com/us/store/products/super-mario-rpg-switch/  Cody – NEWS OF THE WEIRD  https://www.timeextension.com/news/2023/10/random-theyll-smell-you-coming-with-this-metal-gear-solid-cologne  Please give us a review on Apple Podcasts! Thanks for listening! You can always reach us at podcast@pixelgaiden.com. Send us an email if we missed anything in the show notes you need. You can now support us on Patreon.  Thank you to Henrik Ladefoged, Roy Fielding, Matthew Ackerman, Josh Malone, Daniel James, 10MARC, Eric Sandgren, Brian Arsenault, Retro Gamer Nation, Maciej Sosnowski, Paradroyd, RAM OK ROM OK, Mitsoyama, David Vincent, Ant Stiller, Mr. Toast, Jason Holland, Mark Scott, Vicky Lamburn, Mark Richardson, Scott Partelow, Paul Jacobson, Steve Rasmussen, and Adam from Commodore Chronicles for making this show possible through their generous donation to the show.   Support our sponsor Retro Rewind for all of your Commodore needs! Use our page at https://retrorewind.ca/pixelgaiden and our discount code PG10 for 10%  

On Today’s Show: 00:00:00:00.00 Introduction 00:02:18:20.24 Alexyss K Tylor Watched DV’s Video On Her 00:06:37:18.79 The Political Candidate Getting Fingered And Banged On Chaturbate 00:12:11:02.35 More Tiktok Mental Disorder Fakers 00:14:58:07.12 Sticking A Finger In Someone’s Butt Is Not A Tourette’s Tic 00:16:22:07.27 The Woman With A Bird As An Alter Is Back 00:18:55:22.71 Ginger Depp Stars In The Pirates Of The Pronouns 00:20:17:07.10 House, Linux OS, And Malware DID Alters / DID Merch 00:25:20:08.03 News Bloopers 00:28:55:11.12 Sign Up […]

This is a recap of the top 10 posts on Hacker News on September 23rd, 2023.This podcast was generated by wondercraft.ai(00:31): My solopreneur storyOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37622702&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(02:24): iCloud Drive silently deletes your contentOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37626273&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(04:10): Blocking Visual Studio Code embedded reverse shell before it's too lateOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37623562&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(05:56): Do not put plastic in the microwaveOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37624070&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(07:38): Bottlerocket – Minimal, immutable Linux OS with verified bootOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37626731&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(09:33): School surveillance tools are harming kids, report findsOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37622863&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(11:18): Profile of Sabine HossenfelderOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37623000&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(13:02): The vital art of talking to strangers (2021)Original post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37624201&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(14:48): Spyware can infect your phone or computer via the ads you see online – reportOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37623479&utm_source=wondercraft_ai(16:28): India fails to re-establish communication with its Moon probeOriginal post: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37623405&utm_source=wondercraft_aiThis is a third-party project, independent from HN and YC. Text and audio generated using AI, by wondercraft.ai. Create your own studio quality podcast with text as the only input in seconds at app.wondercraft.ai. Issues or feedback? We'd love to hear from you: team@wondercraft.ai

Did we get this one wrong? It seems consumer AI is eating the lunch of some web's biggest names.

Twitter's rebrand is the next stage in Elon Musk's vision for the company. With Starlink, Elon Musk's satellite dominance is raising global alarms. NASA+ is the space agency's very own streaming platform. Uber's fatal self-driving car crash saga ends with the operator avoiding prison. The NSA is lobbying Congress to save a phone surveillance 'loophole'. What iPad should I upgrade to from the 6th generation iPad? How can I write a computer script to do a specific task within it? Mikah got his hands on the Bitzee toy after Dick DeBartolo showed it off in episode 1984. What's wrong with my printer? Can I isolate the iPad screen as its own video output to my streaming software? What is a good Linux OS for newer users to install on Chromebooks? Is there a way to have a backup cell provider if the power goes out in my area? What are some recommendations for a Wi-Fi extender? Is there an alternative solution to using a Wi-Fi extender? Is there an iPhone app to track my car maintenance over time? Are there external hard drives very close to Apple's internal SSD speeds that I can use without paying for more storage in a new Mac? Why should I update the firmware on my TV if I don't connect it to the internet? A caller calls in with a suggestion for the caller back in episode 1982 on re-sizing their photos in large batches using Adobe Lightroom. Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/1985 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys Sponsor: cachefly.com

Twitter's rebrand is the next stage in Elon Musk's vision for the company. With Starlink, Elon Musk's satellite dominance is raising global alarms. NASA+ is the space agency's very own streaming platform. Uber's fatal self-driving car crash saga ends with the operator avoiding prison. The NSA is lobbying Congress to save a phone surveillance 'loophole'. What iPad should I upgrade to from the 6th generation iPad? How can I write a computer script to do a specific task within it? Mikah got his hands on the Bitzee toy after Dick DeBartolo showed it off in episode 1984. What's wrong with my printer? Can I isolate the iPad screen as its own video output to my streaming software? What is a good Linux OS for newer users to install on Chromebooks? Is there a way to have a backup cell provider if the power goes out in my area? What are some recommendations for a Wi-Fi extender? Is there an alternative solution to using a Wi-Fi extender? Is there an iPhone app to track my car maintenance over time? Are there external hard drives very close to Apple's internal SSD speeds that I can use without paying for more storage in a new Mac? Why should I update the firmware on my TV if I don't connect it to the internet? A caller calls in with a suggestion for the caller back in episode 1982 on re-sizing their photos in large batches using Adobe Lightroom. Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/1985 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/all-twittv-shows Sponsor: cachefly.com

Twitter's rebrand is the next stage in Elon Musk's vision for the company. With Starlink, Elon Musk's satellite dominance is raising global alarms. NASA+ is the space agency's very own streaming platform. Uber's fatal self-driving car crash saga ends with the operator avoiding prison. The NSA is lobbying Congress to save a phone surveillance 'loophole'. What iPad should I upgrade to from the 6th generation iPad? How can I write a computer script to do a specific task within it? Mikah got his hands on the Bitzee toy after Dick DeBartolo showed it off in episode 1984. What's wrong with my printer? Can I isolate the iPad screen as its own video output to my streaming software? What is a good Linux OS for newer users to install on Chromebooks? Is there a way to have a backup cell provider if the power goes out in my area? What are some recommendations for a Wi-Fi extender? Is there an alternative solution to using a Wi-Fi extender? Is there an iPhone app to track my car maintenance over time? Are there external hard drives very close to Apple's internal SSD speeds that I can use without paying for more storage in a new Mac? Why should I update the firmware on my TV if I don't connect it to the internet? A caller calls in with a suggestion for the caller back in episode 1982 on re-sizing their photos in large batches using Adobe Lightroom. Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/1985 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/total-leo Sponsor: cachefly.com

Twitter's rebrand is the next stage in Elon Musk's vision for the company. With Starlink, Elon Musk's satellite dominance is raising global alarms. NASA+ is the space agency's very own streaming platform. Uber's fatal self-driving car crash saga ends with the operator avoiding prison. The NSA is lobbying Congress to save a phone surveillance 'loophole'. What iPad should I upgrade to from the 6th generation iPad? How can I write a computer script to do a specific task within it? Mikah got his hands on the Bitzee toy after Dick DeBartolo showed it off in episode 1984. What's wrong with my printer? Can I isolate the iPad screen as its own video output to my streaming software? What is a good Linux OS for newer users to install on Chromebooks? Is there a way to have a backup cell provider if the power goes out in my area? What are some recommendations for a Wi-Fi extender? Is there an alternative solution to using a Wi-Fi extender? Is there an iPhone app to track my car maintenance over time? Are there external hard drives very close to Apple's internal SSD speeds that I can use without paying for more storage in a new Mac? Why should I update the firmware on my TV if I don't connect it to the internet? A caller calls in with a suggestion for the caller back in episode 1982 on re-sizing their photos in large batches using Adobe Lightroom. Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/1985 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys Sponsor: cachefly.com

Twitter's rebrand is the next stage in Elon Musk's vision for the company. With Starlink, Elon Musk's satellite dominance is raising global alarms. NASA+ is the space agency's very own streaming platform. Uber's fatal self-driving car crash saga ends with the operator avoiding prison. The NSA is lobbying Congress to save a phone surveillance 'loophole'. What iPad should I upgrade to from the 6th generation iPad? How can I write a computer script to do a specific task within it? Mikah got his hands on the Bitzee toy after Dick DeBartolo showed it off in episode 1984. What's wrong with my printer? Can I isolate the iPad screen as its own video output to my streaming software? What is a good Linux OS for newer users to install on Chromebooks? Is there a way to have a backup cell provider if the power goes out in my area? What are some recommendations for a Wi-Fi extender? Is there an alternative solution to using a Wi-Fi extender? Is there an iPhone app to track my car maintenance over time? Are there external hard drives very close to Apple's internal SSD speeds that I can use without paying for more storage in a new Mac? Why should I update the firmware on my TV if I don't connect it to the internet? A caller calls in with a suggestion for the caller back in episode 1982 on re-sizing their photos in large batches using Adobe Lightroom. Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/1985 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/all-twittv-shows Sponsor: cachefly.com

Twitter's rebrand is the next stage in Elon Musk's vision for the company. With Starlink, Elon Musk's satellite dominance is raising global alarms. NASA+ is the space agency's very own streaming platform. Uber's fatal self-driving car crash saga ends with the operator avoiding prison. The NSA is lobbying Congress to save a phone surveillance 'loophole'. What iPad should I upgrade to from the 6th generation iPad? How can I write a computer script to do a specific task within it? Mikah got his hands on the Bitzee toy after Dick DeBartolo showed it off in episode 1984. What's wrong with my printer? Can I isolate the iPad screen as its own video output to my streaming software? What is a good Linux OS for newer users to install on Chromebooks? Is there a way to have a backup cell provider if the power goes out in my area? What are some recommendations for a Wi-Fi extender? Is there an alternative solution to using a Wi-Fi extender? Is there an iPhone app to track my car maintenance over time? Are there external hard drives very close to Apple's internal SSD speeds that I can use without paying for more storage in a new Mac? Why should I update the firmware on my TV if I don't connect it to the internet? A caller calls in with a suggestion for the caller back in episode 1982 on re-sizing their photos in large batches using Adobe Lightroom. Hosts: Leo Laporte and Mikah Sargent Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Show notes and links for this episode are available at: https://twit.tv/shows/ask-the-tech-guys/episodes/1985 Download or subscribe to this show at: https://twit.tv/shows/total-mikah Sponsor: cachefly.com

ServerWhere.com (SW) platform added Netherlands Dedicated Server Hosting, Private Cloud infrastructure, and Public Cloud Servers connected to 10-gigabit network ports to its service portfolio. SW's Clients can customize their bandwidth commitment starting with 1 Gbps and scaling up to a full 10-gigabit network.The budget 10 Gbps bare-metal server features Intel Single Xeon E5-2640v4, with 10 cores and 20 Threads at 2.4 GHz, 64 GB RAM and 1.92 TB enterprise SSD disk, and a 2 Gbps dedicated internet network.ServerWhere's clients can also get an AMD-powered server. The entry-level 10 Gbps Dedicated Server with AMD CPU features EPYC 7402P processor with 24 Cores, 48 Threads, 2.80Ghz, 32 GB RAM, two 480 enterprise SSD drives configurable in RAID 0 or RAID 1, and a 1 Gbps dedicated internet connection, scalable to 10 Gbps.The SW platform users can use a Linux OS or a Windows OS. Other available customizations are a choice of IPv4 and IPv6 address space, Web server software, backup storage, Management service, etc. All 10 Gbps-powered servers are Cloud-ready. They can be customized with VMware ESXi, Proxmox VE, or any other enterprise virtualization, and transformed into dedicated Cloud infrastructures. The storage solutions offered by SW include local, network-attached, or hyper-converged storage.In the Netherlands, the SW platform uses the EXA data center in Amsterdam and Greenhouse Datacenters in The Hague to deliver dedicated and cloud hosting services.ServerWhere has recently announced the availability of 1 Gbps Unmetered Dedicated Servers in Italy. About ServerWhere.comSW is the leading global digital currency-powered platform for delivering custom-built Cloud Servers and physical Dedicated Servers. SW increases the value of cryptocurrencies. The SW's IaaS platform charges its customers for the IT infrastructure services it provides only in cryptocurrencies and does not use fiat currencies.

An impressive AI pretends to be Linux, Jim gets angry about a RAIDZ calculator, and using a laptop as a server.   News/discussion We interviewed Linux OS through an AI bot to discover its secrets   Free Consulting We were asked about using a laptop as a server.       Tailscale Tailscale is a […]

In today's episode, we talk about distroless, ko, apko, melange, musl and glibc. The context is Wolfi OS, a community Linux OS designed for the container and cloud-native era. If you are looking for the lightest possible container base image with 0 CVEs and both glibc and musl support, Wolfi OS & the related chainguard-images are worth checking out. Ariadne Conill is an Alpine Linux TSC member & Software Engineer at Chainguard.

In today's episode, we talk about distroless, ko, apko, melange, musl and glibc. The context is Wolfi OS, a community Linux OS designed for the container and cloud-native era. If you are looking for the lightest possible container base image with 0 CVEs and both glibc and musl support, Wolfi OS & the related chainguard-images are worth checking out. Ariadne Conill is an Alpine Linux TSC member & Software Engineer at Chainguard.

A lot of news has been released lately about the Dirty Pipe vulnerability in the Linux OS. How is this related to UNIX? Listen in to hear Rik Farrow, the world's most experienced and knowledgeable expert on UNIX and Linux, explain! Rik will provide his advice about careers in UNIX and Linux security, and answer a wide range of questions Rebecca has received from listeners about these topics. A few of the questions covered include: • How many versions of UNIX are there? • What makes Linux different than UNIX? • Which has more security capabilities; UNIX, Linux, Windows, Android or iOS? • How many web servers run UNIX? Or Linux? Why? • Basically, what is the Dirty Pipe vulnerability? • What types of devices are impacted by Dirty Pipe? • How to avoid being a victim of the Dirty Pipe exploit? • What about running shell scripts? Can that be done securely? Tune in to hear Rik provide valuable insights to these and many more questions. See more about Rik Farrow at http://rikfarrow.com/about/ #UNIX #Linux #DirtyPipe #Cybersecurity #PersonalData #RiskManagement #Privacy #TechCareers #SecurityCareers

A lot of news has been released lately about the Dirty Pipe vulnerability in the Linux OS. How is this related to UNIX? Listen in to hear Rik Farrow, the world's most experienced and knowledgeable expert on UNIX and Linux, explain! Rik will provide his advice about careers in UNIX and Linux security, and answer a wide range of questions Rebecca has received from listeners about these topics. A few of the questions covered include: • How many versions of UNIX are there? • What makes Linux different than UNIX? • Which has more security capabilities; UNIX, Linux, Windows, Android or iOS? • How many web servers run UNIX? Or Linux? Why? • Basically, what is the Dirty Pipe vulnerability? • What types of devices are impacted by Dirty Pipe? • How to avoid being a victim of the Dirty Pipe exploit? • What about running shell scripts? Can that be done securely? Tune in to hear Rik provide valuable insights to these and many more questions. See more about Rik Farrow at http://rikfarrow.com/about/ #UNIX #Linux #DirtyPipe #Cybersecurity #PersonalData #RiskManagement #Privacy #TechCareers #SecurityCareers

Rita and Linda speak with the team about what Fusion Dev is, how we can empower more developers, and how professional developers can leverage the Power Platform to make their lives easier. Media File: https://azpodcast.blob.core.windows.net/episodes/Episode410.mp3 YouTube: https://youtu.be/5sSTQqR-kS0 Resources:Ebook: Fusion development approach to building apps using Power Apps An Illustrated Guide to Fusion Development Transform your business applications with fusion development April's YouTube Channel Updates: Public Preview: Microsoft Azure Payment HSM Service Generally available: PowerShell on Linux OS in Azure Functions Public preview: Custom virtual network support in Azure Container Apps

As some of you may be aware, I do use Linux OS rather than Windows. I currently have Manjaro running on my 10 year old laptop. I can pretty much do everything on this OS just as well as Windows (but if you want to play games its a pain, but for everything else is pretty easy). For next year I hope to knuckle down on some magic as well as use my camera for more photography stuff as well. So until then Merry Christmas and a magical New Year to you all. PS You can check out my blog over HERE

Wondering what drives normal people to focus on FOSS? This episode, we're sitting down with QnA to chat about his journey towards privacy through Bitcoin and the impact of FOSS along the way.More about QnA:QnA's guest profile -- https://www.optoutpod.com/guests/bitcoin-qna/QnA's full list of recommended tools -- https://bitcoiner.guide/toolkit/QnA's recommended tools to Opt Out:FOUNDATION devices, a FOSS-first company producing the Passport, a Bitcoin hardware wallet -- https://foundationdevices.com/Samourai Wallet, a privacy-preserving Android wallet -- https://samouraiwallet.com/Pop_OS!, an easy to use Linux OS -- https://pop.system76.com/StarLabs, a Linux-first laptop company -- https://starlabs.systems/Threema, an end-to-end encrypted messenger, similar to Signal -- https://threema.ch/en/Yunohost, a FOSS platform for simplified self-hosting -- https://yunohost.org/Matrix, the protocol -- https://matrix.org/Element, a cross-platform Matrix chat client -- https://element.ioMullvad, a well-known and non-logging VPN provider -- https://mullvad.net/en/This week's project to help you Opt Out - Pop_OS!:Website -- https://pop.system76.com/My episode with Jeremy Soller from System76 -- https://www.optoutpod.com/coreboot-foss-firmware-pop_os-and-system76-w-jeremy-soller-special/Opt Out's Sponsors:Cake Wallet, an easy to use Monero mobile wallet -- https://optoutpod.com/sponsors/#cake-walletLocalMonero, an excellent and privacy-preserving way to buy and sell Monero -- https://optoutpod.com/sponsors/#localmoneroIVPN, an ethical, no-nonsense, non-logging VPN provider -- https://optoutpod.com/sponsors/#ivpnSupporting Opt Out:Donations -- https://optoutpod.com/about/#donationsLeave a review on your favorite podcast platform, if possible!Share it with your friends, family, and other communities!Support the show (https://optoutpod.com/about/#donations)

Open source is key to the growth and success of cloud providers like  Amazon Web Services (AWS). Internally these companies are focused on growing how open source platform partners and their customers can achieve more from Open Source. The HOSS, Head of Open Source Strategy, at Percona sits down with David Duncan, Principal Solutions Architect, at AWS to talk about his experience working at AWS, being a key contributor to the Fedora Project (Linux), and in general the open source community and more.  David is focused on helping tech partners make it easier to deploy and use their products in the cloud.

Wondering why FOSS and privacy have become such a focus for Matt Odell and Citadel Dispatch, or wanting to learn more about FOSS in general? This episode, we're sitting down with Matt Odell for a bit of a different show where we focus on listener questions around FOSS, privacy, FOSS community ethos, and his journey towards privacy.More about Matt Odell:Matt Odell's guest profile -- https://www.optoutpod.com/guests/odell/Matt's podcast, Citadel Dispatch -- https://citadeldispatch.comMatt's recommended tools -- https://citadeldispatch.com/help/Matt Odell's recommended tools to Opt Out:CalyxOS, a privacy-centric de-Googled Android OS -- https://calyxos.org/Signal, an easy-to-use end-to-end encrypted messenger -- https://signal.org/Aegis OTP, a FOSS 2-factor Android app -- https://getaegis.app/Threema, an end-to-end encrypted messenger, similar to Signal -- https://threema.ch/en/Matrix, the protocol -- https://matrix.org/Element, a cross-platform Matrix chat client -- https://element.ioPop_OS!, an easy to use Linux OS -- https://pop.system76.com/System76, a Linux-first and FOSS-first hardware company -- https://system76.com/Tor browser, and easy to use anonymous web browser -- https://www.torproject.org/Samourai Wallet, a privacy-preserving Android wallet -- https://samouraiwallet.com/Sparrow wallet, a privacy-friendly and fully-featured desktop Bitcoin wallet -- https://sparrowwallet.com/Muun, a self-custody Bitcoin and Lightning wallet -- https://muun.com/F-Droid, an open-source-only Android app store -- https://f-droid.org/en/Tutanota, an encrypted email host -- https://tutanota.com/Opt Out's Sponsors:Cake Wallet, an easy to use Monero mobile wallet -- https://optoutpod.com/sponsors/#cake-walletLocalMonero, an excellent and privacy-preserving way to buy and sell Monero -- https://optoutpod.com/sponsors/#localmoneroIVPN, an ethical, no-nonsense, non-logging VPN provider -- https://optoutpod.com/sponsors/#ivpnSupporting Opt Out:Donations -- https://optoutpod.com/about/#donationsLeave a review on your favorite podcast platform, if possible!Share it with your friends, family, and other communities!

Flexible Server is a new, next-generation option in the Azure Database for PostgreSQL managed service. Hosted on Linux OS, Flexible Server delivers superior out-of-box performance, zone resilient HA, customer-managed maintenance windows, plus a developer-friendly experience. Join this episode with Sunil Agarwal to learn more about why people are excited about the PostgreSQL managed service on Azure and the newly GA'd Flexible Server option. [00:32] Introductions[01:00] Flexible Server for Azure Database for PostgreSQL Overview[04:43] Getting started with Flexible Server Resources:What is Flexible Server in Azure Database for PostgreSQL? - Microsoft Tech Community Bringing the best of Azure and PostgreSQL innovation to developers - Microsoft Tech Community Azure Database for PostgreSQL - Flexible Server | Microsoft Docs

Flexible Server is a new, next-generation option in the Azure Database for PostgreSQL managed service. Hosted on Linux OS, Flexible Server delivers superior out-of-box performance, zone resilient HA, customer-managed maintenance windows, plus a developer-friendly experience. Join this episode with Sunil Agarwal to learn more about why people are excited about the PostgreSQL managed service on Azure and the newly GA'd Flexible Server option. [00:32] Introductions[01:00] Flexible Server for Azure Database for PostgreSQL Overview[04:43] Getting started with Flexible Server Resources:What is Flexible Server in Azure Database for PostgreSQL? - Microsoft Tech Community Bringing the best of Azure and PostgreSQL innovation to developers - Microsoft Tech Community Azure Database for PostgreSQL - Flexible Server | Microsoft Docs

Welcome to Hardware Addicts, a proud member of the Destination Linux Network. Hardware Addicts is the podcast that focuses on the physical components that powers our technology world. In this episode, we're discussing RISC-V and why companies like Apple are ramping up their investment in this open source architecture. Then we head to camera corner where Wendy will discuss Sony's latest patent on a curved sensor. So Sit back, Relax, and Plug In because Hardware Addicts Starts Now! Products Discussed: - Pinewatch: https://www.pine64.org/pinetime/

This week we discuss Docker's new licensing, Wirecutter goes behind a paywall and Serverless COBOL. Plus, Coté explains why open source is like College Football. Rundown Docker is Updating and Extending Our Product Subscriptions - Docker Blog (https://www.docker.com/blog/updating-product-subscriptions/) New York Times' Wirecutter Product-Review Site Moves Behind Paywall (https://www.wsj.com/articles/new-york-times-wirecutter-product-review-site-moves-behind-paywall-11630436401) Serverless COBOL in Knative (https://www.triggermesh.com/blog/serverless-cobol-in-knative) Announcing VMware Tanzu Application Platform: A Better Developer Experience on any Kubernetes (https://tanzu.vmware.com/content/blog/announcing-vmware-tanzu-application-platform?utm_campaign=content-social_&utm_content=1630455965&utm_medium=social-sprout&utm_source=twitter) VMware's new Tanzu platform aims to unify Kubernetes development (https://www.infoworld.com/article/3631384/vmware-s-new-tanzu-platform-aims-to-unify-kubernetes-development.html) Databricks raises $1.6B series H funding round (https://www.zdnet.com/article/databricks-raises-1-6b-series-h-funding-round/) Relevant to your interests EXCLUSIVE Microsoft warns thousands of cloud customers of exposed databases (https://www.reuters.com/technology/exclusive-microsoft-warns-thousands-cloud-customers-exposed-databases-emails-2021-08-26/) Apple loosens rules for developers in major concession amid antitrust pressure (https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/08/26/apple-app-store-payment-settlement/) Introducing a16z's seed fund - Andreessen Horowitz (https://a16z.com/2021/08/27/introducing-a16zs-seed-fund/) 30 years of Linux: OS was successful because of how it was licensed, says Red Hat (https://www.theregister.com/2021/08/25/30_years_of_linux_red_hat/) Apple cares about privacy, unless you work at Apple (https://www.theverge.com/22648265/apple-employee-privacy-icloud-id) The Semiconductor Heist Of The Century | Arm China Has Gone Completely Rogue, Operating As An Independent Company With Inhouse IP/R&D (https://semianalysis.com/the-semiconductor-heist-of-the-century-arm-china-has-gone-completely-rogue-operating-as-an-independent-company-with-their-own-ip/) Microsoft sinks standalone Hyper-V Server, wants you using Azure Stack HCI for VM-wrangling (https://www.theregister.com/2021/08/31/hyper_v_server_discontinued/) NGINX Commits to Open Source and Kubernetes Ingress - The New Stack (https://thenewstack.io/nginx-commits-to-open-source-kubernetes-ingress-involvement/) CITC - About | Greylock (https://greylock.com/castles/) Decentralized Investing Platform Syndicate Raises $800K From 100 Investors (https://www.coindesk.com/business/2021/06/30/decentralized-investing-platform-syndicate-raises-800k-from-100-investors/?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter_axiosprorata&stream=top) What you don't know about working with AWS (https://www.infoworld.com/article/3631376/what-you-dont-know-about-working-with-aws.html) Forrest Brazeal going to GCP (https://twitter.com/forrestbrazeal/status/1431324536096628738) Clubhouse embraces spatial audio for more lifelike conversations (https://www.theverge.com/2021/8/30/22648050/clubhouse-spatial-audio-3d-360-sound) Nonsense A (possibly fake?) high school apparently duped its way into playing on ESPN (https://footballscoop.com/news/bishop-sycamore-online-only-prep-school-espn-img-academy) Sponsors strongDM — Manage and audit remote access to infrastructure. Start your free 14-day trial today at strongdm.com/SDT (http://strongdm.com/SDT) CBT Nuggets — Training available for IT Pros anytime, anywhere. Start your 7-day Free Trial today at cbtnuggets.com/sdt (https://cbtnuggets.com/sdt) Conferences DevOpsDays Zurich (https://devopsdays.org/events/2021-zurich/welcome/), Sep 7th and 8th. DevOps World by CloudBees September 28-30 (https://www.devopsworld.com) DevOps Loop | October 4, 2021 (https://devopsloop.io/?utm_campaign=Global_P6_TS_Q322_Event_DevOpsLoop_at_VMworld&utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social) - see Coté's promo video (https://twitter.com/cote/status/1425460843014131716). THAT Conference comes to Texas January 17-20, 2022 (https://that.us/activities/call-for-counselors/tx/2022) KubeCon October 11-15 Virtual and In Person (https://events.linuxfoundation.org/kubecon-cloudnativecon-north-america/) Listener Feedback Barton wants you to be a Consultant Product Manager: Cloud Native - Remote, US (https://buff.ly/3zyrKBi) at Dell SDT news & hype Join us in Slack (http://www.softwaredefinedtalk.com/slack). Send your postal address to stickers@softwaredefinedtalk.com (mailto:stickers@softwaredefinedtalk.com) and we will send you free laptop stickers! Follow us on Twitch (https://www.twitch.tv/sdtpodcast), Twitter (https://twitter.com/softwaredeftalk), Instagram (https://www.instagram.com/softwaredefinedtalk/), LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com/company/software-defined-talk/) and YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCi3OJPV6h9tp-hbsGBLGsDQ/featured). Brandon built the Quick Concall iPhone App (https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/quick-concall/id1399948033?mt=8) and he wants you to buy it for $0.99. Use the code SDT to get $20 off Coté's book, (https://leanpub.com/digitalwtf/c/sdt) Digital WTF (https://leanpub.com/digitalwtf/c/sdt), so $5 total. Become a sponsor of Software Defined Talk (https://www.softwaredefinedtalk.com/ads)! Recommendations Brandon: WATOE Wireless Charger 3 in 1 Qi Fast Charging Station (https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B089G6RM6Z/ref=ppx_yo_dt_b_search_asin_title?ie=UTF8&psc=1) Matt: Broad City (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2578560/) Coté: Short Life in a Strange World (https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/46178718-short-life-in-a-strange-world). Photo Credit (https://unsplash.com/photos/o7SvheEZoks) Photo Credit (https://unsplash.com/photos/AT77Q0Njnt0)

This week we discuss 1Password moving to Electron, Knative and Infrastructure as Code best practices. Plus, what to do with extra lumber… Rundown Users lobby 1Password to abandon new Electron version (https://appleinsider.com/articles/21/08/16/users-lobby-1password-to-abandon-new-electron-version) Cisco beefing up app monitoring portfolio with acquisition of Epsagon for $500M (https://techcrunch.com/2021/08/16/cisco-beefing-up-app-monitoring-portfolio-with-acquisition-of-epsagon-for-500m/) Cloud startup Epsagon to be acquired by Cisco for $500 million (https://www.calcalistech.com/ctech/articles/0,7340,L-3915010,00.html) Relevant to your interests Clearlake Capital completes strategic equity investment in RSA (https://clearlake.com/clearlake-capital-completes-strategic-equity-investment-in-rsa/) Apple SVP Craig Federighi responds to confusion over iOS 15 iCloud child safety policies in new interview (https://9to5mac.com/2021/08/13/apple-svp-craig-federighi-responds-to-confusion-over-ios-15-icloud-child-safety-policies-in-new-interview/) Poly Network offers $500,000 reward to crypto hacker who returned stolen assets. (https://www.engadget.com/poly-network-rewards-crypto-hacker-121507483.html) PolyNetwork's Hacker Returns All Funds on Ethereum and Refuses a $500K Bug Bounty (https://cryptopotato.com/polynetworks-hacker-returns-all-funds-on-ethereum-and-refuses-a-500k-bug-bounty/) Disney Beats Q3 Estimates As Streaming Flagship Hits 116M Subscribers (https://deadline.com/2021/08/disney-q3-beats-estimates-streaming-116-million-subscribers-1234813827/) (https://www.engadget.com/poly-network-rewards-crypto-hacker-121507483.html) Translates GitHub Actions into Tekton and Knative Objects (https://github.com/triggermesh/aktion) Music Distributor DistroKid Raises Money at $1.3 Billion Valuation from the creator of F'dcompany.com (https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-08-16/music-distributor-distrokid-raises-money-at-1-3-billion-valuation?srnd=markets-vp) HashiCorp State of Cloud Strategy Survey (https://www.hashicorp.com/state-of-the-cloud) T-Mobile Investigating Claims of Massive Data Breach (https://krebsonsecurity.com/2021/08/t-mobile-investigating-claims-of-massive-data-breach/) Funding, Buyback, and Hiring (https://ma.tt/2021/08/funding-buyback-hiring/) Palantir bought $50 million in gold bars in August as cash pile grows (https://www.cnbc.com/2021/08/17/palantir-bought-50-million-in-gold-bars-in-august-as-cash-accumulates.html) In No Code you delete code as you write it. (https://twitter.com/kelseyhightower/status/1427707854090215429?s=20) Roblox bookings grow 35% to $665.5M for Q2 2021 (https://venturebeat.com/2021/08/16/roblox-bookings-grow-35-to-665-5m-for-q2-2021/) WhatsApp Can't Ban the Taliban Because It Can't Read Their Texts (https://www.vice.com/en/article/93yvy5/whatsapp-says-its-not-banning-the-taliban-because-it-cant-read-their-texts) OK, so you stole $600m-plus from us, how about you be our Chief Security Advisor, Poly Network asks thief (https://www.theregister.com/2021/08/18/poly_network_job/) Postman's Series D Funding and the API-First World (https://blog.postman.com/postman-announces-series-d/) Would the math work if Databricks were valued at $38B? (https://techcrunch.com/2021/08/18/would-the-math-work-if-databricks-were-valued-at-38b/) Debian 11 formally debuts and hits the Bullseye (https://www.theregister.com/2021/08/16/debian_11_bullseye_released/) This is why Valve is switching from Debian to Arch for Steam Deck's Linux OS (https://www.pcgamer.com/this-is-why-valve-is-switching-from-debian-to-arch-for-steam-decks-linux-os/) Nonsense The Most Dangerous Writing App (https://www.squibler.io/dangerous-writing-prompt-app) Suicide Linux (https://qntm.org/suicide) Austin expected to become least-affordable metro for homebuyers outside of California (https://www.kvue.com/article/money/economy/boomtown-2040/austin-expected-to-become-least-affordable-metro-for-homebuyers-outside-of-california/269-6bbed38e-ce06-453e-a659-aece44c6c111) These People Who Work From Home Have a Secret: They Have Two Jobs (https://www.wsj.com/articles/these-people-who-work-from-home-have-a-secret-they-have-two-jobs-11628866529) How QR codes are made (https://twitter.com/Nick_Craver/status/1425606620265000965) Atlas | Leaps, Bounds, and Backflips (https://blog.bostondynamics.com/atlas-leaps-bounds-and-backflips) Every hotdog eaten shortens life by 36 minutes (https://news.yahoo.com/every-hot-dog-eaten-shortens-142355450.html) Progress Report: August 2021 (https://asahilinux.org/2021/08/progress-report-august-2021/) PINE64 presents PineNote, its new tablet in ebook format with electronic ink (https://linuxstoney.com/pine64-presents-pinenote/) EC2 offers 400 Instance Types (https://twitter.com/furrier/status/1426323051168165891?s=20) Amazon EC2 M6i Instances Powered by the Latest-Generation Intel Xeon Scalable Processors (https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/new-amazon-ec2-m6i-instances-powered-by-the-latest-generation-intel-xeon-scalable-processors/) Sponsors strongDM — Manage and audit remote access to infrastructure. Start your free 14-day trial today at strongdm.com/SDT (http://strongdm.com/SDT) CBT Nuggets — Training available for IT Pros anytime, anywhere. Start your 7-day Free Trial today at cbtnuggets.com/sdt (https://cbtnuggets.com/sdt) Clubhouse.io — is project management built specifically for software teams. Sign up to day at www.clubhouse.io/sdt (https://clubhouse.io/sdt) Conferences SpringOne (https://springone.io), Sep 1-2 DevOps World by CloudBees September 28-30 (https://www.devopsworld.com) DevOps Loop | October 4, 2021 (https://devopsloop.io/?utm_campaign=Global_P6_TS_Q322_Event_DevOpsLoop_at_VMworld&utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social) - see Coté's promo video (https://twitter.com/cote/status/1425460843014131716). THAT Conference comes to Texas January 17-20, 2022 (https://that.us/activities/call-for-counselors/tx/2022) SDT news & hype Join us in Slack (http://www.softwaredefinedtalk.com/slack). Send your postal address to stickers@softwaredefinedtalk.com (mailto:stickers@softwaredefinedtalk.com) and we will send you free laptop stickers! Follow us on Twitch (https://www.twitch.tv/sdtpodcast), Twitter (https://twitter.com/softwaredeftalk), Instagram (https://www.instagram.com/softwaredefinedtalk/), LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com/company/software-defined-talk/) and YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCi3OJPV6h9tp-hbsGBLGsDQ/featured). Brandon built the Quick Concall iPhone App (https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/quick-concall/id1399948033?mt=8) and he wants you to buy it for $0.99. Use the code SDT to get $20 off Coté's book, (https://leanpub.com/digitalwtf/c/sdt) Digital WTF (https://leanpub.com/digitalwtf/c/sdt), so $5 total. Become a sponsor of Software Defined Talk (https://www.softwaredefinedtalk.com/ads)! Recommendations Brandon: The White Lotus (https://www.hbo.com/the-white-lotus?camp=GOOGLE%7CHTS_SEM%7CPID_p64640553468&keyword=whats+the+white+lotus+about&utm_id=sa%7C71700000085024446%7C58700007207672331%7Cp64640553468&utm_content=tun&gclid=CjwKCAjwmeiIBhA6EiwA-uaeFZn4B3y39e_zSPMRqpQRLRlpbZcqjCPZ2XXT4RyS11xRWmAFvRv86BoCrUEQAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds) on HBO (https://www.hbo.com/the-white-lotus?camp=GOOGLE%7CHTS_SEM%7CPID_p64640553468&keyword=whats+the+white+lotus+about&utm_id=sa%7C71700000085024446%7C58700007207672331%7Cp64640553468&utm_content=tun&gclid=CjwKCAjwmeiIBhA6EiwA-uaeFZn4B3y39e_zSPMRqpQRLRlpbZcqjCPZ2XXT4RyS11xRWmAFvRv86BoCrUEQAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds) Matt: Cloud Native AF #2: James Urquhart (https://www.cloudnativeaf.com/2) Mitani Chicken Salt (https://www.mitani.com.au/) Coté: Sharp R20DS microwave (https://www.coolblue.nl/en/product/746608/sharp-r20ds.html). Also, see product descriptions about defrosting stew and other “small meals” for rival microwaves (https://twitter.com/cote/status/1423964819787485184). Photo Credit (https://unsplash.com/photos/vKyp17kj31w) Photo Credit (https://unsplash.com/photos/exf4mcFw4zg)

Discover the sleeker, faster, less demanding and free operating system ready to rival Windows. Join Neil as he discusses the advantages Linux, the open source operating system that outperforms Windows in more ways than one from its cost efficiency to its reliability is Linux beginning to take over?   KEY TAKEAWAYS Linux is the open source OS that outperforms Windows, runs on low-spec machines, and never ruins your day with another infuriating auto-update.The most obvious advantage is that Linux is free whereas Windows is not.  Windows license cost is different for both desktop and server versions.  In the case of Linux OS either it can be desktop or server and still costs nothing. Windows OS is one of the simplest desktop OS available today.  Its graphical user-friendliness is exceptional – but Linux distros like Ubuntu, Elementary OS, Linux Mint, etc. are catching up, aiming to make the transition from Windows to Linux smooth and easy. Linux systems consume fewer system resources (RAM, disk space, etc.) when compared to Windows. Many Hardware vendors have realized the popularity of Linux and have started making Linux compliant hardware/drivers. But the big thing is this: when running older hardware, Windows is slower than the leaner, slicker Linux. This is why you might want to Keep your old PC and run it on Linux Linux is everywhere. From the smallest device to the largest supercomputer, Linux is everywhere. It can be a car, router, phone, medical devices, plane, TV, satellite, watch, or school tablet, Linux will be there. It's used so much because it works better than anything else – chances are it'll work for you and your soon-to-be-obsolete machines too.   BEST MOMENTS   “The most obvious advantage is that Linux is free whereas Windows is not” “We've covered Windows updates before on the show – and the chaos they can inflict!” “Geek alert,  Linux allows a user to control every aspect of the operating system.”   VALUABLE RESOURCES Listen to The Tutor Podcast on the Apple Podcasts (https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-tutor-podcast/id1369191372)! Build Your Online Course Week 1: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/build-your-online-course/id1369191372?i=1000477109724 Course Planning Week 2: Who Am I?: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/build-your-online-course/id1369191372?i=1000477109724 Who are They? (Know Your Punters): https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/who-are-they-know-your-punters/id1369191372?i=1000478984529 Read the Weird Things Guitarists Do book by Neil Cowmeadow, which is available now on Amazon. Link - https://www.amazon.co.uk/Weird-Things-Guitarists-Do-Misconceptions/dp/1519026579/ Contact Neil via this website - com!   ABOUT THE HOST Neil Cowmeadow is a maverick peripatetic guitar teacher from Telford with over 19 years' experience in the business of helping people. Learn how to start, grow and love your business with Neil's invaluable advice and tips without the buzzwords and BS! CONTACT METHOD info@neilcowmeadow.com     See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

We discuss the trends and issues we observed during the weeks that included June 22-July 13, 2021 as we flipped resources into our Flipboard magazine. Hardware and Software remained the top trend. Resources included a discussion on the updated Linux OS, the Amazon Echo Reading Sidekick, and updates to Microsoft Teams and Google Docs. There were [&hellip Tags:  educator professional development, hardware and software, instructional design and teaching, security and citizenship Del.icio.us Facebook TweetThis Digg StumbleUpon

Wanting to learn more about mobile privacy, but not sure where to start? This episode, we sat down with Max Tannahill to chat about mobile OSs, surveillance, and cryptocurrency.More about Max:Max's guest profile -- https://optoutpod.com/guests/max-tannahill/Mamushi, a CalyxOS Pixel retailer -- https://mamushi.io/Max's Twitter -- https://twitter.com/maxtannahillBlog post on migrating Mamushi from CopperheadOS to CalyxOS -- https://mamushi.io/2021/04/12/departing-from-copperhead/Ministry of Nodes -- https://www.ministryofnodes.com.au/Max's recommended tools to Opt Out:Nextcloud, a self-hosted storage, contacts, calendar, and much more FOSS app -- https://nextcloud.com/Telegram, an encrypted (if using secret chats) messenger -- https://telegram.org/Threema, an end-to-end encrypted messenger, similar to Signal -- https://threema.ch/en/ProtonMail, an encrypted and private email service -- https://protonmail.com/Bitcoin, via Samourai Wallet, a privacy-preserving Android wallet -- https://samouraiwallet.com/Monero, a privacy-preserving cryptocurrency -- https://www.getmonero.org/Pop_OS!, an easy to use Linux OS -- https://pop.system76.com/This week's project to help you Opt Out - Standard Notes:Standard Notes website -- https://standardnotes.com/Extended Features -- https://standardnotes.com/featuresGithub -- https://github.com/standardnotes/webOpt Out's Sponsors:Cake Wallet, an easy to use Monero mobile wallet -- https://optoutpod.com/sponsors/#cake-walletLocalMonero, an excellent and privacy-preserving way to buy and sell Monero -- https://optoutpod.com/sponsors/#localmoneroIVPN, an ethical, no-nonsense, non-logging VPN provider -- https://optoutpod.com/sponsors/#ivpnSupporting Opt Out:Donations -- https://optoutpod.com/about/#donationsLeave a review on your favorite podcast platform, if possible!Share it with your friends, family, and other communities!Support the show (https://optoutpod.com/about/#donations)

This week, I got the pleasure of sitting down with k3tan to chat about privacy, self-hosting, and some of his favorite tools.More about k3tan:k3tan's guest profile -- https://optoutpod.com/guests/k3tan/Blog post on restarting your digital identity -- https://k3tan.com/starting-a-new-digital-identityBlog post on self-hosting -- https://k3tan.com/self-hostingRecommended FOSS software -- https://k3tan.com/fossPrivacy learning resources -- https://k3tan.com/learn-about-privacyMinistry of Nodes -- https://www.ministryofnodes.com.au/A cypherpunk manifesto -- https://www.activism.net/cypherpunk/manifesto.htmlk3tan's recommended tools to "opt out":Nextcloud, a self-hosted storage, contacts, calendar, and much more FOSS app -- https://nextcloud.com/FreeTube, a desktop privacy-preserving YouTube client -- https://freetubeapp.io/Privacy Redirect, a browser extension for redirecting to privacy-preserving tools -- https://github.com/SimonBrazell/privacy-redirectpfSense, a FOSS router OS -- https://www.pfsense.org/Other tools mentioned:Pop_OS!, an easy to use Linux OS -- https://pop.system76.com/Plexus, app recommendations and support info for de-Googled Android -- https://plexus.techlore.tech/TimeShift, a Linux backup solution -- https://github.com/teejee2008/timeshiftInvidious, a privacy-preserving YouTube front-end -- https://github.com/iv-org/invidiousThis week's project to help you Opt Out - CalyxOS:More about CalyxOS -- https://calyxos.org/k3tan's recommended apps for CalyxOS -- https://k3tan.com/mobile-phone-appsMy thoughts on CalyxOS and app recommendations -- https://sethforprivacy.com/posts/switching-to-calyxos/BitcoinQnA guide to installing CalyxOS -- https://bitcoiner.guide/calyxos/Mamushi, a reseller that will flash CalyxOS for you, accepts Bitcoin/Monero -- https://mamushi.io/Opt Out's Sponsors:Cake Wallet, an easy to use Monero mobile wallet -- https://optoutpod.com/sponsors/#cake-walletLocalMonero, an excellent and privacy-preserving way to buy and sell Monero -- https://optoutpod.com/sponsors/#localmoneroIVPN, an ethical, no-nonsense, non-logging VPN provider -- https://optoutpod.com/sponsors/#ivpnSupporting Opt Out:Donations -- https://optoutpod.com/about/#donationsLeave a review on your favorite podcast platform, if possible!Share it with your friends, family, and other commuSupport the show (https://optoutpod.com/about/#donations)

Wait what? Updating disconnected IoT devices over the air?Here is how to update your disconnected IoT devices with Azure Update for IoT Hub. The Microsoft Connected Cache Preview IoT Edge module will provide Device Update for Azure IoT Hub customers with the capability of an intelligent in-network cache, which enables image-based and package-based updates of Linux OS-based devices behind and IoT Edge gateway (downstream IoT devices). In cases where downstream Azure IoT Edge devices do not have internet connectivity or may not be allowed to download content from the internet, this capability is important. Check out the docs: https://aka.ms/iotshow/UpdateDisconnectedDevices

Wait what? Updating disconnected IoT devices over the air?Here is how to update your disconnected IoT devices with Azure Update for IoT Hub. The Microsoft Connected Cache Preview IoT Edge module will provide Device Update for Azure IoT Hub customers with the capability of an intelligent in-network cache, which enables image-based and package-based updates of Linux OS-based devices behind and IoT Edge gateway (downstream IoT devices). In cases where downstream Azure IoT Edge devices do not have internet connectivity or may not be allowed to download content from the internet, this capability is important. Check out the docs: https://aka.ms/iotshow/UpdateDisconnectedDevices

It’s smaller computers, doing limited tasks. So why is Edge Computing so complicated, and why are there so many definitions?SHOW: 497SHOW SPONSOR LINKS:Qumulo Homepage: Manage File Data at Scale, AnywhereTest Drive Qumulo: Try Qumulo for free, no downloads or setup requiredCBT Nuggets: Expert IT Training for individuals and teamsSign up for a CBT Nuggets Free Learner account and enter to win a 6-month Premium subscription.CLOUD NEWS OF THE WEEK - http://bit.ly/cloudcast-cnotwCHECK OUT OUR NEW PODCAST - "CLOUDCAST BASICS"SHOW NOTES:Edge ComputingInternet of Things (IoT)Industrial IoTDigital TwinsDigital Twins and IoTLF Edge, State of Edge 2021 Report ($800B by 2028)THE COMPLEXITIES OF EDGE COMPUTINGNo single definition of edge, because of so many use-casesBranch officeNear-Edge Far-EdgeDisconnectedHardware can dictate quite a bit about edge characteristicsCustom-OS or COTS OSGeneral purpose HW or Specialized HW (GPU, NVMe, DPUs)#of computing devices; volume of local storageNetworking can dictate quite a bit about edge characteristicsAre the devices always connected to the Internet?How are disconnected environments handled?How much bandwidth is available? Is it symmetric or asymmetric? What are the traffic patterns of the applications? Local vs. Backhaul. Security can dictate quite a bit about edge characteristicsHow does Security happen on Day 0?What are the security vs. usability tradeoffs? (direct user interaction) How is security maintained? (CVE, Local Security services, etc.)Maintenance can dictate quite a bit about edge characteristicsHow much does it cost to deploy new edges?How often are the edges expected to be upgraded? How will maintenance happen? (Local tech, remote download, etc.)How sophisticated is the Day 2 Ops? (Telemetry, Environmentals, Benchmarks, etc.) FEEDBACK?Email: show at thecloudcast dot netTwitter: @thecloudcastnet

අද කතා කරන්නේ කව්ද System Admin කෙනෙක් කියන්නේ සහ System Admin jobs , System Admin Courses කියලා. Xraid podcast season 5 Episode 5 නිකන් ඉන්නේ නැතුව ඔය Share Button , Subscribe Button, Like Button ඔබලා අපිව පොඩ්ඩක් දිරිමත් කරන්න.මතක ඇතුව Bell එකත් ඔබන්න

today we dive into the fun world of Linux and what is is and how it benefits us --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/joel-ward/support

Here on Tech Quickly, I'll be going over my thoughts on Linux's Futures on Smarts Phones. What it means to have another Linux Alternative to Google's Android, will there be thing that compete with both IOS & Android OS's.  I'll answer that more on this episode.    Article Sources: https://tuxphones.com/2020-everything-running-linux-smartphone-guide/   Rob Braxman Tech Video What it's like to use a De-Googled phone in real life? (Q&A of concerns) YT - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mqSCmT5S-2w LBRY.tv - https://lbry.tv/@RobBraxmanTech:6/degoogled:7   Information on PostmarketOS https://postmarketos.org/ -------------------------------------------------------------- Sponsorships Anyone that's looking for piracy and security is a great tool to secure your data on the go,  don't go anywhere without both.Brand New Sponsorships ExpressVPMhttp://www.expressvpn.com/llgpod Brave Referral Link: https://brave.com/?ref=leo610 Podbean: https://www.podbean.com/leonlagrey Blubrry: https://create.blubrry.com/resources/podcast-media-hosting/?code=LLGPOD Humble Bundle https://www.humblebundle.com/monthly?partner=leonlagrey Article Sources:https://freedom.press/news/signal-beginners/https://www.zdnet.com/article/signal-to-move-away-from-phone-numbers-as-user-ids/ LISTEN ONLINEhttps://podchaser.com/LeonLaGreyPodcasthttps://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/leon-la-grey-podcast/id1409750676?mt=2https://www.breaker.audio/leon-lagrey-podcasthttps://castbox.fm/channel/id1507344https://castro.fm/podcast/8cf227db-f94e-48f8-a43b-911162006c5chttps://play.google.com/music/listen#/ps/Ii4peko52icxtrtaqzsahdkmsnahttps://podcasts.google.com/?feed=aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy80YzZjYjhjL3BvZGNhc3QvcnNzhttps://www.iheart.com/podcast/256-leon-la-grey-podcast-43065952/https://overcast.fm/itunes1409750676/leon-la-grey-podcasthttps://player.fm/series/leon-la-grey-podcasthttps://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/leon-la-grey-podcast-805978https://pca.st/Lpechttps://www.podbean.com/podcast-detail/tkyzg-70fde/Leon-La-Grey-Podcasthttps://open.spotify.com/show/4TxF0Gvq0FFtK1hEu55Eu2https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/anchor-podcasts/leon-lagrey-podcasthttps://tunein.com/radio/Leon-LaGrey-Podcast-p1141897/?topicId=122985744https://podplayer.net/?podId=2530750 = podcast addict-------------------------------------- Social medias and websitesTwitter: http://bit.ly/36PjAFIPlayerMe: http://bit.ly/2tibyHySnap: http://bit.ly/3aWw6XfMinds: http://bit.ly/36GSdO0Mastodon: http://bit.ly/2uYvK1xInsta: http://bit.ly/2u1MtBgVK: http://bit.ly/31fOl5m Official Website: https://www.leonlagreyentry.blog Pledge me on ko-fi.com/leonlagrey or One time tip @ paypal.me/leonlagrey-------------------------------------------- Mene.com/invite/KYCdi3 GoldSilver Affiliate Linkhttps://goldsilver.com/?aff=LL

Snowflake IPO - a group of cloud service startups are coming to the market.Linux OS is once considered safer than MS Windows. Is that true?Do you enjoy working from home? Will it revolutionize the tech industry?Show links:Warren Buffett invested Snowflake IPOLinux servers and workstations are hackers' next targetThe future of tech hubs

What is WAN (Wide Area Network)? A wide area network, WAN, is a network established for the communication of more than one device in a wide area. It covers a much larger area and often a lot more devices than a LAN connection. The most popular of this network, which covers cities and even countries, is the Internet. In general, most WANs are connected to the Internet. However, in some special cases, private WAN can be used. We can think of WAN connections as a combination of LAN connections. Local links join together to form larger-scale connections. However, when making this combination, connections such as link antennas, gateways, satellite connections are required. As with other network types, the most basic usage purposes are data sharing. To be more precise, it is to facilitate and speed up data sharing Otherwise, data transfer was provided before these network systems. Data transferred with different external devices can now be transferred with the help of a single button. One of the disadvantages of the Wide Area Network is that it is usually a little slower than the Local Area Network. The most important reason for this is the high number of users. In the Local Area Connection (LAN), there is a more limited number of users and naturally a more limited operation. However, the same is not the case for WANs that are installed in a very large area. The more users and transactions are made, the more the system slows down. There are various solutions to these slowdowns. You can increase the user capacity of the network by increasing the bandwidth. However, it is difficult to reach any LAN connection speed. More Podcasts Podcast, the LAN Definition in Anchor Podcast, the Internet Definition in Anchor Podcast, the Ubuntu Definition in Anchor Podcast, the Ubuntu OS in Apple Podcast, the Linux OS in Apple

I'm taking a quick first look at a distro I've never heard of before, Pearl Linux OS I also have this in video form at https://youtu.be/oY9wH48pTbQ The homepage for Pearl Linux OS is https://www.pearllinux.net/index.html --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Trevor and I talk about the following articles: Jeff Bezos and Elon Musk win contracts for spacecraft to land NASA astronauts on the moon (https://www-washingtonpost-com.cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/04/30/jeff-bezos-elon-musk-win-contracts-spacecraft-land-nasa-astronauts-moon/), China launches new experimental crew spacecraft, testing out its deep-space ambitions (https://www-theverge-com.cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/www.theverge.com/platform/amp/2020/5/5/21247776/china-long-march-5b-rocket-launch-deep-space-prototype), Intel to buy smart urban transit startup Moovit for $1B to boost its autonomous car division (https://techcrunch-com.cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/techcrunch.com/2020/05/03/intel-to-buy-smart-urban-transit-startup-moovit-for-1b-to-boost-its-autonomous-car-division/amp/), Microsoft offers $100,000 to hack its custom Linux OS (https://www.theverge.com/2020/5/6/21249038/microsoft-azure-sphere-bug-bounty-security-hacking), Facebook's Libra appoints HSBC chief legal officer as first CEO (https://decrypt.co/27919/stuart-levey-facebook-libra-ceo), and Xiaomi's Black Shark 3 Pro gaming phone has pop-up shoulder buttons (https://www.engadget.com/amp/2020-03-03-xiaomi-black-shark-3-pro-gaming-phone.html), and Wireless charging via NFC is now a thing (https://www-androidauthority-com.cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/www.androidauthority.com/nfc-wireless-charging-1115813/amp/). Donate Basic Attention Tokens at https://twitter.com/a_nielsonhicken, if you want to support the podcast.

Today on the show we have esteemed Kubernetes thought-leader, Kelsey Hightower, with us. We did not prepare a topic as we know that Kelsey presents talks and features on podcasts regularly, so we thought it best to pick his brain and see where the conversation takes us. We end up covering a mixed bag of super interesting Kubernetes related topics. Kelsey begins by telling us what he has been doing and shares with us his passion for learning in public and why he has chosen to follow this path. From there, we then talk about the issue of how difficult many people still think Kubernetes is. We discover that while there is no doubting that it is complicated, at one point, Linux was the most complicated thing out there. Now, we install Linux servers without even batting an eyelid and we think we can reach the same place with Kubernetes in the future if we shift our thinking! We also cover other topics such as APIs and the debates around them, common questions Kelsey gets before finally ending with a brief discussion on KubeCon. From the attendance and excitement, we saw that this burgeoning community is simply growing and growing. Kelsey encourages us all to enjoy this spirited community and what the innovation happening in this space before it simply becomes boring again. Tune in today! Follow us: https://twitter.com/thepodlets Website: https://thepodlets.io Feeback: info@thepodlets.io https://github.com/vmware-tanzu/thepodlets/issues Hosts: Carlisia Campos Duffie Cooley Bryan Liles Michael Gasch Key Points From This Episode: Learn more about Kelsey Hightower, his background and why he teaches Kubernetes! The purpose of Kelsey’s course, Kubernetes the Hard Way. Why making the Kubernetes cluster disappear will change the way Kubernetes works. There is a need for more ops-minded thinking for the current Kubernetes problems. Find out why Prometheus is a good example of ops-thinking applied to a system. An overview of the diverse ops skillsets that Kelsey has encountered. Being ops-minded is just an end –you should be thinking about the next big thing! Discover the kinds of questions Kelsey is most often asked and how he responds. Some interesting thinking and developments in the backup space of Kubernetes. Is it better to backup or to have replicas? If the cost of losing data is very high, then backing up cannot be the best solution. Debates around which instances are not the right ones to use Kubernetes in. The Kubernetes API is the part everyone wants to use, but it comes with the cluster. Why the Kubernetes API is only useful when building a platform. Can the Kubernetes control theory be applied to software? Protocols are often forgotten about when thinking about APIs. Some insights into the interesting work Akihiro Suda’s is doing. Learn whether Kubernetes can run on Edge or not. Verizon: how they are changing the Edge game and what the future trajectory is. The interesting dichotomy that Edge presents and what this means. Insights into the way that KubeCon is run and why it’s structured in the way it is. How Spotify can teach us a lesson in learning new skills! Quotes: “The real question to come to mind: there is so much of that work that how are so few of us going to accomplish it unless we radically rethink how it will be done?” — @mauilion [0:06:49] “If ops were to put more skin in the game earlier on, they would definitely be capable of building these systems. And maybe they even end up more mature as more operations people put ops-minded thinking into these problems.” — @kelseyhightower [0:04:37] “If you’re in operations, you should have been trying to abstract away all of this stuff for the last 10 to 15 years.” — @kelseyhightower [0:12:03] “What are you backing up and what do you hope to restore?” — @kelseyhightower [0:20:07] “Istio is a protocol for thinking about service mesh, whereas Kubernetes provides the API for building such a protocol.” — @kelseyhightower [0:41:57] “Go to sessions you know nothing about. Be confused on purpose.” — @kelseyhightower [0:51:58] “Pay attention to the fundamentals. That’s the people stuff. Fundamentally, we’re just some people working on some stuff.” — @kelseyhightower [0:54:49] Links Mentioned in Today’s Episode: The Podlets on Twitter — https://twitter.com/thepodlets Kelsey Hightower — https://twitter.com/kelseyhightower Kelsey Hightower on GitHub — https://github.com/kelseyhightower Interaction Protocols: It's All about Good Manners — https://www.infoq.com/presentations/history-protocols-distributed-systems Akihiro Suda — https://twitter.com/_AkihiroSuda_ Carlisia Campos on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/carlisia/ Kubernetes — https://kubernetes.io/ Duffie Cooley on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/mauilion/ Bryan Liles on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/bryanliles/ KubeCon North America — https://events19.linuxfoundation.org/events/kubecon-cloudnativecon-north-america-2019/ Linux — https://www.linux.org/ Amazon Fargate — https://aws.amazon.com/fargate/ Go — https://golang.org/ Docker — https://www.docker.com/ Vagrant — https://www.vagrantup.com/ Prometheus — https://prometheus.io/ Kafka — https://kafka.apache.org/ OpenStack — https://www.openstack.org/ Verizon — https://www.verizonwireless.com/ Spotify — https://www.spotify.com/ Transcript: EPISODE 7 [INTRODUCTION] [0:00:08.7] ANNOUNCER: Welcome to The Podlets Podcast, a weekly show that explores Cloud Native one buzzword at a time. Each week, experts in the field will discuss and contrast distributed systems concepts, practices, tradeoffs and lessons learned to help you on your cloud native journey. This space moves fast and we shouldn’t reinvent the wheel. If you’re an engineer, operator or technically minded decision maker, this podcast is for you. [INTERVIEW] [00:00:41] CC: Hi, everybody. Welcome back to The Podlets, and today we have a special guest with us, Kelsey Hightower. A lot of people listening to us today will know Kelsey, but as usual, there are a lot of new comers in this space. So Kelsey, please give us an introduction. [00:01:00] KH: Yeah. So I consider myself a minimalist. So I want to keep this short. I work at Google, on Google Cloud stuff. I’ve been involved with the Kubernetes community for what? 3, 4, 5 years ever since it’s been out, and one main goal, learning in public and helping other people do the same. [00:01:16] CC: There you go. You do have a repo on your GitHub that it’s about learning Kubernetes the hard way. Are you still maintaining that? [00:01:26] KH: Yeah. So every six months or so. So Kubernetes is a hard way for those that don’t know. It’s a guide, a tutorial. You can copy and paste. It takes about three hours, and the whole goal of that guide was to teach people how to stand up a Kubernetes cluster from the ground up. So starting from scratch, 6 VMs, you install etcd, all the components, the nodes, and then you run a few test workloads so you can get a feel for Kubernetes. The history behind that was when I first joined Google, we were all concerned about the adaption of such a complex system that Kubernetes is, right? Docker Swarm is out at the time. A lot of people are using Mesos and we’re wondering like a lot of the feedback at that time was Kubernetes is too complex. So Kubernetes the hard way was built as an idea that if people understand how it worked just like they understand how Linux works, because that’s also complex, that if people just saw how the moving pieces fit together, then they would complain less about the complexity and have a way to kind of grasp it. [00:02:30] DC: I’m back. This is Duffie Colley. I’m back this week, and then we also have Michael and Bryan with us. So looking forward to this session talking through this stuff. [00:02:40] CC: Yeah. Thank you for doing that. I totally forgot to introduce who else is in this show, and me, Carlisia. We didn’t plan what the topic is going to be today. I will take a wild guess, and we are going to touch on Kubernetes. I have so many questions for you, Kelsey. But first and foremost, why don’t you tell us what you would love to talk about? One thing that I love about you is that every time I hear an interview of you, you’re always talking about something different, or you’re talking about the same thing in a different way. I love that about the way you speak. I know you offer to be on a lot of podcast shows, which is how we ended up here and I was thinking, “Oh my gosh! We’re going to talk about what everybody is going to talk about, but I know that’s not going to happen.” So feel free to get a conversation started, and we are VMware engineers here. So come at us with questions, but also what you would like to talk about on our show today. [00:03:37] KH: Yeah. I mean, we’re all just coming straight off the hills of KubeCon, right? So this big, 12,000 people getting together. We’re super excited about Kubernetes and the Mister V event, things are wrapping up there as well. When we start to think about Kubernetes and what’s going to happen, and a lot of people saw Amazon jump in with Fargate for EKS, right? So those unfamiliar with that offering, over the years, all the cloud providers have been providing some hosted Kubernetes offering, the ideas that the cloud provider, just like we do with hypervisors and virtual machines, would provide this base infrastructure so you can focus on using Kubernetes. You’ve seen this even flow down on-prem with VMware, right? VMware saying, “Hey, Kubernetes is going to be a part of this control plane that you can use to Kubernetes’ API to manage virtual machines and containers on-prem.” So at some point now, where do we go from here? There’s a big serverless movement, which is trying to eliminate infrastructure for all kinds of components, whether that’s compute, database as a storage. But even in the Kubernetes world, I think there’s an appetite when we saw this with Fargate, that we need to make the Kubernetes cluster disappear, right? If we can make it disappear, then we can focus on building new platforms that extend the API or, hell, just using Kubernetes as is without thinking about managing nodes, operating systems and autoscalers. I think that’s kind of been the topic that I’m pretty interested in talking about, because that feature means lots of things disappear, right? Programming languages and compilers made assembly disappear for a lot of developers. Assembly is still there. I think people get caught up on nothing goes away. They’re right. Nothing goes away, but the number of people who have to interact with that thing is greatly reduced. [00:05:21] BL: You know what, Kelsey? I’m going to have you get out of my brain, because that was the exact example that I was going to use. I was on a bus today and I was thinking about all the hubbub, about the whole Fargate EKS thing, and then I was thinking, “Well, Go, for example, can generate assembler and then it compiles that down.” No one complains about the length of the assembler that Go generates. Who cares? That’s how we should think about this problem. That’s a whole solvable problem. Let’s think about bigger things. [00:05:51] KH: I think it’s because in operations we tend to identify ourselves as the people responsible for running the nodes. We’re the people responsible for tuning the API server. When someone says it’s going to go away, in ops – And you see this in some parts, right? Ops, some people focus a lot more on observability. They can care less about what machine something runs on. They’re still going to try to observe and tune it. You see this in SRE and some various practices. But a lot of people who came up in a world like I have in a traditional ops background, you were the one that pixie-booted the server. You installed that Linux OS. You configured it with Puppet. When someone tells you, “We’re going to move on from that as if it’s a good thing.” You’re going to be like, “Hold up. That’s my job.” [00:06:36] DC: Definitely. We’ve touched this topic through a couple of different times on this show as well, and it definitely comes back to like understanding that, in my opinion, it’s not about whether there will be a worker for people who are in operations, people who want to focus on that. The real question that come to mind is like there is so much of that work that how are so few of us are going to be able to accomplish it unless we radically re-sync how it will be done. We’re vastly outnumbered. The number of people walking into the internet for the first time every day is mind-boggling. [00:07:08] KH: In early days, we have this goal of abstract or automating ourselves out of a job, and anyone that tried that a number of times knows that you’re always going to have something else to do. I think if we carry that to the infrastructure, I want to see the ops folks. I was very surprised that Docker didn’t come from operations folks. It came from the developer folks. Same thing for Vagrant and the same thing from Kubernetes. These are developer-minded folks that want to tackle infrastructure problems. If I think if ops were to put more skin in the game earlier on, definitely capable of building these systems and maybe they even end up more mature as more operations people put ops-minded thinking to these problems. [00:07:48] BL: Well, that’s exactly what we should do. Like you said, Kelsey, we will always have a job. Whenever we solve one problem, we could think about more interesting problems. We don’t think about Linux on servers anymore. We just put Linux on servers and we run it. We don’t think about the 15 years where it was little rocky. That’s gone now. So think about what we did there and let’s do that again with what we’re doing now. [00:08:12] KH: Yeah. I think the Prometheus community is a good example of operations-minded folks producing a system. When you meet the kind of the originators of Prometheus, they took a lot of their operational knowledge and kind of build this metrics and monitoring standard that we all kind of think about now when we talk about some levels of observability, and I think that’s what happens when you have good operations people that take prior experience, the knowledge, and that can happen over code these days. This is the kind of systems they produce, and it’s a very robust and extensible API that I think you start to see a lot of adaption. [00:08:44] BL: One more thing on Prometheus. Prometheus is six-years-old. Just think about that, and that’s not done yet, and it’s just gotten better and better and better. We go to give up our old thing so we can get better and better and better. That’s just what I want to add. [00:08:58] MG: Kelsey, if you look at the – Basically your own history of coming from ops, as I understood your own history, right? Now being kind of one of the poster childs in the Kubernetes world, you see the world changing to serverless, to higher abstractions, more complex systems on one hand, but then on the other side, we have ops. Looking beyond or outside the world of Silicon Valley into the traditional ops, traditional large enterprise, what do you think is the current majority level of these ops people? I don’t want to discriminate anyone here. I’m just basically throwing this out as a question. Where do you think do they need to go in terms of to keep up with this evolving and higher level abstractions where we don’t really care about nitty-gritty details? [00:09:39] KH: Yes. So this is a good, good question. I spent half of my time. So I probably spent time onsite with at least 100 customers a year globally. I fly on a plane and visit them in their home turf, and you definitely meet people at various skill levels and areas of responsibility. I want to make sure that I’m clear about the areas of responsibility. Sometimes you’re hired in an area of responsibility that’s below your skillset. Some people are hired to manage batch jobs or to translate files from XML to JSON. That really doesn’t say a lot about their skillset. It just kind of talks about the area of responsibility. So shout out to all the people that are dealing with main frames and having to deal with that kind of stuff. But when you look at it, you have the opportunity to rise up to whatever level you want to be in in terms of your education. When we talk about this particular question, some people really do see themselves as operators, and there’s nothing wrong with that. Meaning, they could come in. They get a system and they turn the knobs. You gave me a mainfrastructure me, I will tell you how to turn the knobs on that mainframe. You buy me a microwave, I’ll tell you how to pop popcorn. They’re not very interested in building a microwave. Maybe they have other things that are more important to them, and that is totally okay. Then you have people who are always trying to push the boundaries. Before Kubernetes, if I think back to 10 years ago, maybe 8. When I was working in a traditional enterprise, like kind of the ones you’re talking about or hinting at, the goal has always been to abstract away all of these stuff that it means to deploy an application the right way in a specific environment for that particular company. The way I manage to do it was say, “Hey, look. We have a very complex change in management processes.” I work in finance at that time. So everything had to have a ticket no matter how good the automation was. So I decided to make JIRA the ticketing system their front door to do everything. So you go to JIRA. There’ll be a custom field that says, “Hey, here are all the RPMs that have been QA’d by the QA team. Here are all the available environments.” You put those two fields in. That ticket goes to change in management and approval, and then something below the scenes automated everything, in that case it was Puppet, Red Hat and VMware, right? So I think what most people have been doing if you’re in the world of abstracting this stuff away and making it easier for the company to adapt, you’ve already been pushing these ideas that we call serverless now. I think the cloud providers put these labels on platforms to describe the contract between us and the consumer of the APIs that we present. But if you’re in operations, you should have been trying to abstract away all of these stuff for the last 10 or 15 years. [00:12:14] BL: I 100% agree. Then also, think about other verticals. So 23 years ago, I did [inaudible 00:12:22] work. That was my job. But we learned how to program in C and C++ because we were on old Suns, not even Spark machines. We’re on the old Suns, and we wanted to write things in CVE and we wanted to write our own Window managers. That is what we’re doing right now, and that’s why you see like Mitchell Hashimoto with Vagrant and you’re seeing how we’re pushing this thing. We have barely scratched the surface of what we’re trying to do. For a lot of people who are just ops-minded, understand that being ops-minded is just the end. You have to be able to think outside of your boundaries so you can create the next big thing. [00:12:58] KH: Of you may not care about creating the next big thing. There are parts of my life where I just don’t care. For example, I pay Comcast to get internet access, and my ops involvement was going to BestBuy and buying a modem and screwing it into the wall, and I troubleshoot this thing every once in a while when someone in the household complains the internet is down. But that’s just far as I’m ever going to push the internet boundaries, right? I am not really interested in pushing that forward. I’m assuming others will, and I think that’s one thing in our industry where sometimes we believe that we all need to contribute to pushing things forward. Look, there’s a lot of value in being a great operations person. Just be welcomed to saying that what we operate will change overtime. [00:13:45] DC: Yeah, that’s fair. Very fair. For me, personally, I definitely identify as an operations person. I don’t consider it my life’s goal to create new work necessarily, but to expand on the work that has been identified and to help people understand the value of it. I find I sit in between two roles personally. One is to help figure out all of the different edges and pieces and parts of Kubernetes or some other thing in the ecosystem. Second, to educate others on those things, right? Take what I’ve learned and amplify it. Having the amplifying effect. [00:14:17] CC: One thing that I wanted to ask you, Kelsey is – I work on the Valero project, and that does back and recovery of Kubernetes clusters. Some people ask me, “Okay. So tell me about the people who are doing?” I’m like, “I don’t want to talk about that. That’s boring. I wanted to talk about the people who are not doing backups.” “Okay. Let’s talk about why you should be doing maybe thinking about that.” Well, anyway. I wonder if you get a lot of questions in the area of Kubernetes operations or cloud native in general, infrastructure, etc., that in the back of your mind you go, “That’s the wrong question or questions.” Do you get that? [00:14:54] KH: Yeah. So let’s use your backup example. So I think when I hear questions, at least it lets me know what people are thinking and where they’re at, and if I ask enough questions, I can kind of get a pulse in the trend of where the majority of the people are. Let’s take the backups questions. When I hear people say, “I want to back up my Kubernetes cluster.” I rewind the clock in my mind and say, “Wow! I remember when we used to backup Linux servers,” because we didn’t know what config files were on the disk. We didn’t know where processes are running. So we used to do these PS snapshots and we used to pile up the whole file system and store it somewhere so we can recover it. Remember Norton Ghost? You take a machine and ghost it so you can make it again. Then we said, “You know what? That’s a bad idea.” What we should be doing is having a tool that can make any machine look like the way we want it. Config management is boring. So we don’t back those up anymore. So when I hear that question I say, “Hmm, what is happening in the community that’s keeping people to ask these questions?” Because if I hear a bunch of questions that already have good answers, that means those answers aren’t visible enough and not enough people are sharing these ideas. That should be my next key note. Maybe we need to make sure that other people know that that is no longer a boring thing, even though it’s boring to me, it’s not boring to the industry in general. When I hear these question I kind of use it as a keeps me up-to-date, keeps me grounded. I hear stuff like how many Kubernetes clusters should I have? I don’t think there’s a best practice around that answer. It depends on how your company segregates things, or depends on how you understand Kubernetes. It depends on the way you think about things. But I know why they’re asking that question, is because Kubernetes presents itself as a solution to a much broader problem set than it really is. Kubernetes manages a group of machines typically backed by IS APIs. If you have that, that’s what it does. It doesn’t do everything else. It doesn’t tell you exactly how you should run your business. It doesn’t tell you how you should compartmentalize your product teams. Those decisions you have to make independently, and once you do, you can serialize those into Kubernetes. So that’s the way I think about those questions when I hear them, like, “Wow! Yeah, that is a crazy thing that you’re still asking this question six years later. But now I know why you’re asking that question.” [00:17:08] CC: That is such a great take on this, because, yes, it in the area of backup, people who are doing backup in my mind – Yeah, they should be independent of Kubernetes or not. But let’s talk about the people who are not doing backups. What motivates you to not do backups? Obviously, backups can be done in many different ways. But, yes. [00:17:30] BL: So think about it like this way. Some people don’t exercise, because exercise is tough and it’s hard, and it’s easier to sit on the couch and eat a bag of potato chips than exercise. It’s the same thing with backups. Well, backing up my Kubernetes cluster before Valero was so hard that I’d rather just invest brain cycles in figuring out how to make money. So that’s where people come from when it comes to hard things like backups. [00:17:52] KH: There’s a trust element too, right? Because we don’t know if the effort we’re putting in is worth it. When people do unit testing, a lot of times unit testing can be seen as a proactive activity, where you write unit tests to catch bugs in the future. Some people only write unit test when there’s a problem. Meaning, “Wow! There’s an odd things in a database. Maybe we should write a test to prove that our code is putting odd things. Fix the code, and now the test pass.” I think it’s really about trusting that the investment is worth it. I think when you start to think about backups – I’ve seen people back up a lot of stuff, like every day or every couple of hours, they’re backing up their database, but they’d never restored the database. Then when you read their root cause analysis, they’re like, “Everything was going fine until we tried to restore a 2 terabyte database over 100 meg link. Yeah, we never exercised that part.” [00:18:43] CC: That is very true. [00:18:44] DC: Another really fascinating thing to think about the backup piece is that especially like in the Kubernetes with Valero and stuff, we’re so used to having the conversation around stateless applications and being able to ensure that you can redeploy in the case of a failure. You’re not trying to actually get back to a known state the way that like a backup traditionally would. You’re just trying to get back to a running state. So there’s a bit of a dichotomy there I think for most folks. Maybe they’re not conceptualizing the need for having to deal with some of those stateful applications when they start trying to just think about how Valero fits into the puzzle, because they’ve been told over and over again, “This is about immutable infrastructure. This is about getting back to running. This is not about restoring some complex state.” So it’s kind of interesting. [00:19:30] MG: I think part of this is also that for the stateful services that why we do backups actually, things change a lot lately, right? With those new databases, scale out databases, cloud services. Thinking about backup also has changed in the new world of being cloud native, which for most of the people, that’s also a new learning experiment to understand how should I backup Kafka? It’s replicated, but can I backup it? What about etcd and all those things? Little different things than backing up a SQL database like more traditional system. So backup, I think as you become more complex, stays if needed for [inaudible 00:20:06]. [00:20:06] KH: Yeah. The case is what are you backing up and what do you hope to restore? So replication, global replication, like we do with like cloud storage and S3. The goal is to give some people 11 9s of reliability and replicate that data almost as many geographies as you can. So it’s almost like this active backup. You’re always backing up and restoring as a part of the system design versus it being an explicit action. Some people would say the type of replication we do for object stores is much closer to active restoring and backing up on a continuous basis versus a one-time checkpoint. [00:20:41] BL: Yeah. Just a little bit of a note, you can back up two terabytes over 100 meg link in like 44 hours and a half. So just putting out there, it’s possible. Just like two days. But you’re right. When it comes to backups, especially for like – Let’s say you’re doing MySQL or Postgres. These days, is it better to back it up or is it better to have a replica right next to it and then having like a 10 minute delayed replica right next to that and then replicating to Europe or Asia? Then constantly querying the data that you’re replicating. That’s still a backup. What I’m saying here is that we can change the way that we talk about it. Backup started as conventional as they used to be. There are definitely other ways to protect your data. [00:21:25] KH: Yeah. Also, I think the other part too around the backup thing is what is the price of data loss? When you take a backup, you’re saying, “I’m willing to lose this much data between the last backup and the next.” That cost is too high than backing up cannot be your primary mode of operation, because the cost of losing data is way too high, then replication becomes a complementing factor in the whole discussion of backups versus real-time replication and shorter times to recovery. I have a couple of questions. When should people not use Kubernetes? Do you know what I mean? I visit a lot of customers, I work with a lot of eng teams, and I am in the camp of Kubernetes is not for everything, right? That’s a very obvious thing to say. But some people don’t actually practice it that way. They’re trying to jam more and more into Kubernetes. So I love to get your insights on where do you see Kubernetes being like the wrong direction for some folks or workloads. [00:22:23] MG: I’m going to scratch this one from my question list to Kelsey. [00:22:26] KH: I’ll answer it too then. I’ll answer it after you will answer it. [00:22:29] MG: Okay. Who wants to go first? [00:22:30] BL: All right. I’ll go first. There are cases when I’m writing a piece of software where I don’t care about the service discovery. I don’t care about ingress. It’s just software that needs to run. When I’m running it locally, I don’t need it. If it’s simple enough where I could basically throw it into a VM through a CloudNet script, I think that is actually lower friction than Kubernetes if it’s simple. Now, but I’m also a little bit jaded here, because I work for the dude who created Kubernetes, and I’m paid to create solutions for Kubernetes, but I’m also really pragmatic about it as well. It’s all about effort for me. If I can do it faster in CloudNet, I will. [00:23:13] DC: For my part, I think that there’s – I have a couple of – I got follow on questions to this real quick. But I do think that if you’re not actively trying to develop a distributed systems, something where you’re actually making use of the primitives that Kubernetes provides, then that already would kind of be a red flag for me. If you’re building a monolithic application or if you’re in that place where you’re just rapidly iterating on a SaaS product and you’re just trying to like get as many commits on this thing until it works and like just really rapidly prototype or even create this thing. Maybe Kubernetes isn’t the right thing, because although we’ve come a long way in improving the tools that allow for that iteration, I certainly wouldn’t say that we’re like all the way there yet. [00:23:53] BL: I would debate you that, Duffy. [00:23:55] DC: All right. Then the other part of it is Kubernetes aside, I’m curious about the same question as it relates to containerization. Is it containerization the right thing for everyone, or have we made that pronouncement, for example? [00:24:08] KH: I’m going to jump in and answer on this one, because I definitely think we need a way to transport applications in some way, right? We used to do it on floppy disks. We used to do it on [inaudible 00:24:18]. I think the container to me I treat as a glorified [inaudible 00:24:23]. That’s the way I’ve been seeing it for years. Registry store them. They replace [inaudible 00:24:28]. Great. Now we kind of have a more maybe universal packaging format that can handle simple use cases, scratch containers where it’s just your binary, and the more complex use cases where you have to compose multiple layers to get the output, right? I think RPM spec files used to do something very similar when you start to build those thing in [inaudible 00:24:48], “All right. We got that piece.” Do people really need them? The thing I get weary about is when people believe they have to have Kubernetes on their laptop to build an app that will eventually deploy to Kubernetes, right? If we took that thinking about the cloud, then everyone would be trying to install open stack on their laptop just to build an app. Does that even make sense? Does that make sense in that context? Because you don’t need the entire cloud platform on your laptop to build an app that’s going to take a request and respond. I think Kubernetes people, I guess because it’s easier to put your on laptop, people believe that it needs to be there. So I think Kubernetes is overused, because people just don’t quite understand what it does. I think there’s a case where you don’t use Kubernetes, like I need to read a file from a bucket. Someone uploaded an XML file and my app is going to translate it into JSON. That’s it. In that case, this is where I think functions as a service, something like Cloud Run or even Heroku make a lot more sense to me because the operational complexity is kind of hitting within a provider and is linked almost like an SDK to the overall service, which is the object store, right? The compute part, I don’t want to make a big deal about, because it’s only there to process the file that got uploaded, right? It’s almost like a plug-in to an FTP server, if you will. Those are the cases where I start to see Kubernetes become less of a need, because I need a custom platform to do such an obvious operation. [00:26:16] DC: Those applications that require the primitives that Kubernetes provides, service discovery, the ability to define ingress in a normal way. When you’re actually starting to figure out how you’re going to platform that application with regard to those primitives, I do see the argument for having Kubernetes locally, because you’re going to be using those tools locally and remotely. You have some way of defining what that platforming requirement is. [00:26:40] KH: So let me pull on that thread. If you have an app that depends on another app, typically we used to just have a command line flag that says, “This app is over there.” Local host when it’s on my laptop. Some DNS name when it’s in the cluster, or a config file can satisfy that need. So the need for service discovery usually arises where you don’t know where things are. But if you’re literally on your laptop, you know where the things are. You don’t really have that problem. So when you bring that problem space to your laptop, I think you’re actually making things worse. I’ve seen people depend on Kubernetes service discovery for the app to work. Meaning, they just assume they can call a thing by name and they don’t support IPs, and ports. They don’t support anything, because they say, “Oh! No. No. No. You’ll always be running into Kubernetes.” You know what’s going to happen? In 5 or 10 years, we’re going to be talking like, “Oh my God! Do you remember when you used to use Kubernetes? Man! That legacy thing. I built my whole career porting apps away from Kubernetes to the next thing.” The number one thing we’ll talk about is where people lean too hard on service discovery, or people who built apps that taught to config maps directly. Why are you calling the Kubernetes API from your app? That’s not a good design. I think we got to be careful coupling ourselves too much to the infrastructure. [00:27:58] MG: It’s a fair point too. Two answers from my end, to your question. So one is I just build an appliance, which basically priced to bring an AWS Lambda experience to the Vsphere ecosystem. Because we don’t – Or actually my approach is that I don’t want any ops people who needs to do some one-off things, like connect this guy to another guy. I don’t want him to learn Kubernetes for that. It should be as simple as writing a function. So for that appliance, we had to decide how do we build it? Because it should be scalable. We might have some function as a service component running on there. So we looked around and we decided to put it on Kubernetes. So build the appliance as a traditional VM using Kubernetes on top. For me as a developer, it gave me a lot of capabilities, like self-healing, the self-healing capabilities. But it’s also a fair point that you wrote, Kelsey, about how much do we depend or write our applications being depend on those auxiliary features from Kubernetes? Like self-healing, restarts, for example. [00:28:55] KH: Well, in your case, you’re building a platform. I would hate for you to tell me that you rebuilt a Kubernetes-like thing just for that appliance. In your case, it’s a great use case. I think the problem that we have as platform builders is what happens when things start leaking up to the user? You tell a user all they have to care about is functions. Then they get some error saying, “Oh! There’s some Kubernetes security context that doesn’t work.” I’m like, “What the hell is Kubernetes?” That leakage is the problem, and I think that’s the part where we have to be careful, and it will take time, but we don’t start leaking the underlying platform making the original goal untrue. [00:29:31] MG: The point is where I wanted to throw this question back was now these functions being written as simple scripts, whatever, and the operators put in. They run on Kubernetes. Now, the operators don’t know that it runs in Kubernetes. But going back to your question, when should we not use Kubernetes. Is it me writing in a higher level abstraction like a function? Not using Kubernetes in first sense, because I don’t know actually I’m using it. But on the covers, I’m still using it. So it’s kind of an answer and not an answer to your question because – [00:29:58] KH: I’ve seen these single node appliances. There’s only one node, right? They’re only there to provide like email at a grocery store. You don’t have a distributed system. Now, what people want is the Kubernetes API, the way it deploys things, the way it swaps out a running container for the next one. We want that Kubernetes API. Today, the only way to get it is by essentially bringing up a whole Kubernetes cluster. I think the K3S project is trying to simplify that by re-implementing Kubernetes. No etcd, SQLite instead. A single binary that has everything. So I think when we start to say what is Kubernetes, there’s the implementation, which is a big distributed system. Then there’s the API. I think what’s going to happen is if you want the Kubernetes API, you’re going to have so many more choices on the implementation that makes better sense for the target platform. So if you’re building an appliance, you’re going to look at K3S. If you’re a cloud provider, you’re going to probably look something like what we see on GitHub, right? You’re going to modify and integrate it into your cloud platform. [00:31:00] BL: Of maybe what happened with Kubernetes over the next few years is what happened with the Linux API, or the API. Firecracker and gVisor did this, and WSL did this. We can basically swap out Linux from the backend because we can just get on with the calls. Maybe that will happen with Kubernetes as well. So maybe Kubernetes will become a standard where Kubernetes standard and Kubernetes implementation that we have right now. I don’t even know about that one. [00:31:30] KH: We’re starting to see it, right? When you say here is my pod, and we can just look at Fargate for EKS as an example. When you give them a pod, their implementation is definitely different than what most people are thinking about running these days, right? One pod per VM. Not using Virtual Kube. So they’ve taken that pod spec and tried to uphold its means. But the problem with that, you get leaks. For example, they don’t allow you to bind to a host 4. Well, the pod spec says you can bind to a host 4. Their implementation doesn’t allow you to do it, and we see the same problem with gVisor. It doesn’t implement all the system calls. You couldn’t run the Docker daemon on top of gVisor. It wouldn’t work. So I think as long as we don’t leak, because when we leak, then we start breaking stuff. [00:32:17] BL: So we’re doing the same thing with Project Pacific here at VMware, where this concept of a pod is actually a virtual machines that loops in like a tenth of a second. It’s pretty crazy how they’ve been able to figure that out. If we can get this right, that’s huge for us. That means we can move out of our appliance and we can create better things that actually work. I’m VMware specific. I’m on AWS and I want this name space. I can use Fargate and EKS. That’s actually a great idea. [00:32:45] MG: I remember this presentation, Kelsey, that you gave. I think two or three years ago. It might be three years, where you took the Kubernetes architecture and you removed the boxes and the only thing remaining was the API server. This is where it clicked to me as like, “This is right,” because I was focused on the scheduler. I wanted to understand the scheduler. But then you zoomed out or your stripped off all these pieces and the only thing remaining was the API server. This is where it clicked to me. It’s like [inaudible 00:33:09] or like the syscall interface. It’s basically my API to do some crazy things that I would have write on my own and assembly kind of something before I could even get started. As well the breakthrough moment for me, this specific presentation. [00:33:24] KH: I’m working on an analogy to talk about what’s happening with the Kubernetes API, and I haven’t refined it yet. But when the web came out, we had all of these HTTP verbs, put post git. We have a body. We have headers. You can extract that out of the whole web, the web browser plus the web server. If you have tracked out that one piece, the instead of building web package, we can build APIs and GraphQL, because we can reuse many of those mechanisms, and we just call that RESTful interfaces. Kubernetes is going through the same evolution, right? The first thing we built was this container orchestration tool. But if you look at the CRDs, the way we do RBAC, the way we think about the status field in a custom object, if you extract those components out, then you end up with this Kubernetes style APIs where we start to treat infrastructure not as code, but as data. That will be the restful moment for Kubernetes, right? The web, we extracted it out, then we have REST interfaces. In Kubernetes, once we extracted out, we’ll end up with this declarative way of describing maybe any system. But right now, the fine, or the perfect match is infrastructure. Infrastructure as data and using these CRDs to allow us to manipulate that data. So maybe you start with Helm, and then Helm gets piped into something like Customize. That then gets piped into a mission controller. That’s how Kubernetes actually works, and that data model to API development I think is going to be the unique thing that lasts longer then the Kubernetes container platform does. [00:34:56] CC: But if you’re talking about – Correct me if I misinterpret it, platform as data. Data to me is meant to be consumed, and I actually have been thinking since you said, “Oh, developers should not be developing apps that connect directly to Kubernetes,” or I think you said the Kubernetes API. Then I was thinking, “Wait. I’ve heard so many times people saying that that’s one great benefit of Kubernetes, that the apps have that access.” Now, if you see my confusion, please clarify it. [00:35:28] KH: Yeah. Right. I remember early on when we’re doing config maps, and a big debate about how config maps should be consumed by the average application. So one way could be let’s just make a configs map API and tell every developer that they need to import a Kubernetes library to call the API server, right? Now everybody’s app doesn’t work anymore on your laptop. So we were like, “Of course not.” What we should do is have config maps be injected into the file system. So that’s why you can actually describe a config map as a volume and say, “Take these key values from the config map and write them as normal files and inject them into the container so you can just read them from the file system. The other option also was environment variables. You can take a config map and translate them into an environment variables, and lastly, you can take those environment variables and put them into command line flags. So the whole point of that is all three of the most popular ways of configuring an app, environment variables, command line flags and files. Kubernetes molded itself into that world so that developers would never tightly couple themselves to the Kubernetes API. Now, let’s say you’re building a platform, like you’re building a workflow engine like Argo, or you’re building a network control plane like Istio. Of course, you should use a Kubernetes API. You’re building a platform on top of a platform. I would say that’s kind of the exception to the rule if you’re building a platform. But a general application that’s leveraging the platform, I really think you should stay away from the Kubernetes API directly. You shouldn’t be making sys calls directly [inaudible 00:37:04] of your runtime. The unsafe package in Go. Once you start doing that, Go can’t really help you anymore. You start pining yourself to specific threads. You’re going to be in a bad time. [00:37:15] CC: Right. Okay. I think I get it. But you can still use Kubernetes to decouple your app from the machine by using objects to generate those dependencies. [00:37:25] KH: Exactly. That was the whole benefit of Kub, and Docker even, saying, “You know what? Don’t worry too much more about C groups and namespaces. Don’t even try to do that yourself.” Because remember, there was a period of time where people were actually trying to build C groups and network namespaces into the runtime. There’s a bunch of like Ruby and Python projects that they were trying to containerize themselves within the runtime. Whoa! What are we doing? Having that second layer now with Containerd on C, we don’t have to implement that 10,000 times for every programming language. [00:37:56] DC: One of the things I want to come back to is your point that you’d made about the Kubernetes API being like one of the more attractive parts of the projects, and people needing that to kind of move forward in some of these projects, and I wonder if it’s more abstract than that. I wonder if it’s abstract enough to think about in terms of like a level triggered versus edge triggered stuff. Taking control theory, the control theory that basically makes Kubernetes such a stable project and applying that to software architecture rather than necessarily bringing the entire API with you. Perhaps, what you should take from this is the lessons that we’ve learned in developing Kubernetes and apply that to your software. [00:38:33] KH: Yeah. I have the fortunate time to spend some time with Mark Burgess. He came out with the Promise Theory, and the Promise Theory is the underpinnings of Puppet Chef, Ansible, CF Engine, and this idea that we would make promises about something and eventually convergent to that state. The problem was with Puppet Chef and Ansible, we’re basically doing this with shell scripts and Ruby. We were trying to write all of these if, and, else statements. When those didn’t work, what did you do? You made an exec statement at the bottom and then you’re like, “Oh! Just run some batch, and who knows what’s going to happen?” That early implementations of Promise Theory, we didn’t own the resource that we were making promises about. Anyone could go behind this and remove the user, or the user could have a different user ID on different systems but mean the same thing. In the Kubernetes world, we push a lot of that if, else statements into the controller. Now, we force the API not have any code. That’s the big difference. If you look at the Kubernetes API, you can’t do if statements. Terraform, you can do if statements. So you kind of fall into the imperative trap at the worst moments when you’re doing dry runs or something like that. It does a really good of it. Don’t get me wrong. So the Kubernetes API says, “You know what? We’re going to go all-in on this idea.” You have to change the controller first and then update the API. There is no escape patches in the API. So it forces a set of discipline that I think gets us closer to the promises, because we know that the controller owns everything. There’s no way to escape in the API itself. [00:40:07] DC: Exactly. That’s exactly what I was pushing for. [00:40:09] MG: I have a somewhat related question and I’m just not sure how to frame it correctly. So yesterday I saw a good talk by someone talking about protocols, like they somewhat forgotten power of protocols in the world of APIs. We got Swagger. We got API definitions. But he made the very easy point of if I give you an open, a close and a write and read method, or an API, you’d still don’t know how to call them in sequence and which one to call it off. This is same for [inaudible 00:40:36] library if you look at that. So I always have to force myself, “Should I do anything [inaudible 00:40:40] or I’m not leaking some stuff.” So I look it up. Versus on protocols, if you look at the RFC definitions, they are very, very precise and very plainly outlined of what you should do, how you should behave, how you should communicate between these systems. This is more of a communication and less about the actual implementation of an API. I still have to go through that talk again, and I’m going to put it in the show notes. But this kind of opened my mind again a little bit to think more about communication between systems and contracts and promises, as you said, Carlisia. Because we make so many assumptions in our code, especially as we have to write a lot of stuff very quickly, which I think will make things brittle overtime. [00:41:21] KH: So the gift and the curse of Kubernetes that it tries to do both all the time. For some things like a pod or a deployment, we all feel that. If I give any Kubernetes cluster a deployment object, I’m going to get back out running pod. This is what we all believe. But the thing is it may not necessarily run on the same kernel. It may not run on the same OS version. It may not even run on the same type of infrastructure, right? This is where I think Kubernetes ends up leaking some of those protocol promises. A deployment gets you a set of running pods. But then we dropdown to a point where you can actually do your own API and build your own protocol. I think you’re right. Istio is a protocol for thinking about service mesh, whereas Kubernetes provides the API for building such a protocol. [00:42:03] MG: Yeah, good point. [inaudible 00:42:04]. [00:42:04] DC: On the Fargate stuff, I thought was a really interesting article, or actually, an interesting project by [inaudible 00:42:10], and I want to give him a shout out on this, because I thought that was really interesting. He wrote an admission controller that leverages autoscaler, node affinity and pod affinity to effectively do the same thing so that whenever there is a new pod created, it will spin up a new machine and associate only that pod with that machine. I was like, “What a fascinating project.” But also just seeing this come up from like the whole Fargate ECS stuff. I was like – [00:42:34] KH: I think that’s the thread that virtual kubelet is pulling on, right? This idea that you can simplify autoscalling if you remove that layer, right? Because right now we’re trying to do this musical chairs dance, right? Like in a cloud. Imagine if someone gave you the hypervisor and told you you’re responsible for attaching hypervisor workers and the VMs. It would be a nightmare. We’re going to be talking about autoscalling the way we do in the cloud. I think Kubernetes moving into a world where a one pod per resource envelope. Today we call them VMs, but I think at some point we’re going to drop the VM and we would just call it a resource envelope. VMs, this is the way we think about that, Firecrackers. Like, “Hey, does it really need to be a complete VM?” Firecracker is saying, “No. It doesn’t. It just needs to be a resource envelope that allows you to run their particular workload.” [00:43:20] DC: Yeah. Same thing we’re doing here. It’s just enough VM to get you to the point where you can drop those containers on to it. [00:43:25] CC: Kelsey, question. Edge? Kubernetes on edge. Yes or no? [00:43:29] KH: Again, it’s just like compute on edge has been a topic for discussion forever. Problem is when some people say compute on edge, they mean like go buy some servers from Dell and put it in some building somewhere close to your property as you can. But then you have to go build the APIs to deploy it to that edge. What people want, and I don’t know how far off it is, but Kubernetes has set the bar so high that the Kubernetes API comes with a way to low balance, attach storage, all of these things by just writing a few YAML files. What I hear people saying is I want that close to my data center or store as possible. When you say Kubernetes on the edge, that’s what they’re saying, is like, “But we currently have one at edge. It’s not enough.” We’ve been providing edge for a very longtime. Open stack was – Remember open stack? Oh! We’re going to do open stack on the edge. But now you’re a pseudo cloud provider without the APIs. I think what Kubernetes is bringing to the table is that we have to have a default low balancer. We have to have a default block store. We have to have a default everything and on or for to mean Kubernetes like it does today centralized. [00:44:31] BL: Well, Doors have been doing this forever in some form or another. 20 years ago I worked for a Duty Free place, and literally traveled all over the world replacing point of sale. You might think of point of sales as a cash register. There was a computer in the back and it was RS-232 links from the cash register to the computer in the back. Then there was dial-up, or [inaudible 00:44:53] line to our central thing. We’ve been doing edge for a long time, but now we can do edge. The central facility can actually manage the compute infrastructure. All they care about is basically CPU and memory and network storage now, and it’s a lot more flexible. The surety is long, but I think we’re going to do it. It’s going to happen, and I think we’re almost right – People are definitely experimenting. [00:45:16] KH: You know what, Carlisia? You know what’s interesting now though? I was watching the Reinvent announcement. Verizon is starting to allow these edge components to leverage 5G for the last mile, and that’s something game-changer, because most people are very skeptical about 5G being able to provide the same coverage as 4G because of the wavelength and point-to-point, all of these things. But for edge, this thing is a game-changer. Higher bandwidth, but shorter distance. This is exactly what edge want, right? Now you don’t have to dig up the ground and run fiber from point-to-point. So if you could buy in these Kubernetes APIs, plus concepts like 5G, and get in that closer to people, yeah, I think that’s going to change the way we think about regions and zones. That kind of goes away. We’re going to move closer to CDNs, like Cloudflare has been experimenting with their worker technology. [00:46:09] DC: On the edge stuff, I think that there’s also an interesting dichotomy happening, right? There’s a definition of edge that we referred to, which is storage stuff and one that you’re alluding to, which is that there may be like some way of actually having some edge capability and a point of presence in a 5G tower or some point with that. In some cases, edge means data gravity. You’re actually taking a bunch of data from sensors and you’re trying to store it in a place where you don’t have to pay the cost of moving all of the data form one point to another where you can actually centralize compute. So in those edge cases, you’re actually willing to invest in a high-end compute to allow for the manipulation of that data where that data lake is so that you can afford to move it into some centralized location later. But I think that that whole space is so complex right now, because there are so many different definitions and so many different levels of constraints that you have to solve for under one umbrella term, which is the edge. [00:47:04] KH: I think Bryan was pulling on that with the POS stuff, right? Because instead of you going to go buy your own cash registry and gluing everything together, that whole space got so optimized that you can just buy a square terminal. Plug it on some Wi-Fi and then there you go, right? You now have that thing. So once we start to do this for like ML capabilities, security capabilities, I think you’re going to see that POS-like thing expand and that computer get a little bit more robust to do exactly what you’re saying, right? Keep the data local. Maybe you ship models to that thing so that it can get smarter overtime, and then upload the data from various stores overtime. [00:47:40] DC: Yup. [00:47:40] MG: One last question from my end. Switching gears a bit, if allow it. KubeCon. I left KubeCon with some mixed feelings this years. But my perspective is different, because I’m not the typical, one of the 12,000 people, because most of them were new comers actually. So I looked at them and I asked myself, “If I would be new to this huge big world of CNCF and Kubernetes and all these stuff, what would I take from that?” I would be confused. Confused like how from [inaudible 00:48:10] talks, which make it sound like it’s so complex to run all these things through the keynotes, which seems to be like just a lineup of different projects that I all have to get through and install and run. I was missing some perspective and some clarity from KubeCon this year, especially for new comers. Because I’m afraid, if we don’t retain them, attract them, and maybe make them contributors, because that’s another big problem. I’m afraid that we’ll lose our base that is using Kubernetes. [00:48:39] BL: Before Kelsey says anything, and Kelsey was a Kub contrary before I was, but I was a Kub contrary this time, and I can tell you exactly why everything is like it is. Well, fortunately and unfortunately, this cloud native community is huge now. There’s lots of money. There are lots of people. There are lots of interests. If we went back to KubeCon when it was in San Francisco years ago, or even like the first Seattle one, that was a community event. We could make the event for the community. Now, there’s community. The people who are creating the products. There’s the end users, the people who are consuming the products, and there are these big corporations and companies, people who are actually financing this whole entire thing. We actually have to balance all three of those. As a person who just wants to learn, what are you trying to learn from? Are you learning from the consumption piece? Are you learning to be a vendor? Are you learning to be a contributor? We have to think about that. At a certain point, that’s good for Kubernetes. That means that we’ve been able to do the whole chasm thing. We’ve cross over to chasm. This thing is real. It’s big. It’s going to make a lot of people a lot of money one day. But I do see the issue for the person who’s trying to come in and say, “What do I do now?” Well, unfortunately, it’s like anything else. Where do you start? Well, you got to take it all in. So you need to figure out where you want to be. I’m not going to be the person that’s going to tell you, “Well, go do a sig.” That’s not it. What I want to tell you is like anything else that we’d have to learn is real hard, whether it’s a programming language or a new technique. Figure out where you want to be and you’re going to have to do some research. Then hopefully you can contribute. I’m sure Kelsey has opinions on this as well. [00:50:19] KH: I think Brian is right. I mean, I think it’s just like a pyramid happening. A the very bottom, we’re new. We need to get everybody together in one space and it becomes more of a tradeshow, like an introductory, like a tasting, right? When you’re hungry and you go and just taste everything. Then when you figure out what you want, then that will be your focus, and that’s going to change every year for a lot of people. Some people go from consumer to contributor, and they’re going to want something out of the conference. They’re only going to want to go to the contributor day and maybe some of the deep-dive technical tracks. You’re trying to serve everybody in two or three days. So you’re going to start to have like everything pulling for your attention. I think what you got to do is commit. If you go and you’re a contributor, or you’re someone what’s building on top, you may have to find a separate event to kind of go with it, right? Someone told me, “Hey, when you go to all of these conferences, make sure you don’t forget to invest in the one-on-one time.” Me going to Oslo and spending an evening with Mark Burgess and really talk about Promise Theory outside of competing for attention with the rest of the conference. When I go, I’d like to meet new people. Sit down with them. Out of the 12,000 people, I call it a win if I can meet three new people that I’ve never met before. You know what? I’ll do a follow-up hangout with them to go deeper in some areas. So I think it’s more of a catch all. It’s definitely has a tradeshow feel now, because it’s big and there’s a lot of money and opportunity involved. But at the same time, you got to know that, “Hey, you got to go and seek out.” You go to Spotif

A silent PC running Linux? Meet Athena Computer's EOS 3 and ElementaryOS! Arsenal - The Intelligent Camera Assistant mostly works on Shannon's camera. Does it really take better pictures? Fixing blurry apps in Windows 10, a viewer reports on a Skyroam Solaris fail, and more, all in TekThing episode 227 with Patrick Norton and Shannon Morse! All the shownotes and links for episode 227.

Microsoft created an Linux OS? What is 432Hz movement? Also, Bitcoin vs payment apps, DARPA prosthetics, car data collection, Robotix, and much, much more... Special Guest: N/A Stories of the Week: --Random Access: Microsoft has built a Linux OS called Azure Cloud Switch for cross-platform data center networking, you can break into an Android device just by overloading the home screen with a massive number, Kilton Library decided to reactivate Tor relay in spite of the DHS, Alphabet is investing $32 million in Oscar Health via Google Capital, Google Maps showed LA underwater, Android Pay unleashed, the Facebook/Bitcoin theory. --“The Mind-controlled Prosthetic” Link: bit.ly/1MhWRDg Tech Roulette: --"432Hz vs 440Hz" Link: bit.ly/1jzvPe6, bit.ly/1Om9Sim Important Messages: --”A Disney special? Should I login to Windows 10 with a bum account? An Android app experience? Android Gaming?” Tool of the Week: --”Wearing Black” Link: bit.ly/1Vx847a Hacksec: --”Cars Are Transmitting Everything” Link: bit.ly/1w49GwQ The Climax: --”Robotix” Link: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotix APPENDIX: --”Libreboot X200” Link: bit.ly/1FI57ew --”Complete Liberty: Inside and Out” Link: amzn.to/1IRm5Jg --”The Open Wireless Movment” Link: Link: openwireless.org/ --"Keenevention 2015" Link: keenevention.info/--"Bitcoin Investor Conference" Link: bitcoininvestor.com/ --"The Mad Philosopher Podcast List" Link: bit.ly/1KpqTSw--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Make easy monthly donations through Patreon: www.patreon.com/sovryntech And you can tip me at: sovryntech.tip.me--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NXT: NXT-4V3J-VA4W-4EY3-GUWV2 NAMECOIN: NHfN1kpj8G9aUCCHuummBKa8mPvppN1UFaLITECOIN: LLUXwfWrKDpuK38ZnPD14K6zc6rUaRgo9WBITCOIN: 1AEiTkWiF8x6yjQbbhoU89vHHMrkzQ7o8d--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Don’t forget you can e-mail the show at: brian@zomiaofflinegames.com Also at Protonmail.ch at: anarchy@protonmail.ch I’m also on Telegram: @Sovryn Minilock.io ID: 67JpL89QkmcJHC9KMGjcNy9VrwsNYDpfCQu9gKXGijVVY BitMessage: BM-NBMFb4W42CqTaonxApmUji1KNbkSESki --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- You can also visit our IRC channel on Freenode: #SovrynBalnea--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- www.sovryntech.com www.twitter.com/sovryntech plus.google.com/+BrianSovryn1i/ liberty.me/members/briansovryn/www.facebook.com/BrianSovryn instagram.com/Bsovryn/ steamcommunity.com/id/ninjaprogram/

Microsoft created an Linux OS? What is 432Hz movement? Also, Bitcoin vs payment apps, DARPA prosthetics, car data collection, Robotix, and much, much more... Special Guest: N/A Stories of the Week: --Random Access: Microsoft has built a Linux OS called Azure Cloud Switch for cross-platform data center networking, you can break into an Android device just by overloading the home screen with a massive number, Kilton Library decided to reactivate Tor relay in spite of the DHS, Alphabet is investing $32 million in Oscar Health via Google Capital, Google Maps showed LA underwater, Android Pay unleashed, the Facebook/Bitcoin theory. --“The Mind-controlled Prosthetic” Link: bit.ly/1MhWRDg Tech Roulette: --"432Hz vs 440Hz" Link: bit.ly/1jzvPe6, bit.ly/1Om9Sim Important Messages: --”A Disney special? Should I login to Windows 10 with a bum account? An Android app experience? Android Gaming?” Tool of the Week: --”Wearing Black” Link: bit.ly/1Vx847a Hacksec: --”Cars Are Transmitting Everything” Link: bit.ly/1w49GwQ The Climax: --”Robotix” Link: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotix APPENDIX: --”Libreboot X200” Link: bit.ly/1FI57ew --”Complete Liberty: Inside and Out” Link: amzn.to/1IRm5Jg --”The Open Wireless Movment” Link: Link: openwireless.org/ --"Keenevention 2015" Link: keenevention.info/--"Bitcoin Investor Conference" Link: bitcoininvestor.com/ --"The Mad Philosopher Podcast List" Link: bit.ly/1KpqTSw--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Make easy monthly donations through Patreon: www.patreon.com/sovryntech And you can tip me at: sovryntech.tip.me--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NXT: NXT-4V3J-VA4W-4EY3-GUWV2 NAMECOIN: NHfN1kpj8G9aUCCHuummBKa8mPvppN1UFaLITECOIN: LLUXwfWrKDpuK38ZnPD14K6zc6rUaRgo9WBITCOIN: 1AEiTkWiF8x6yjQbbhoU89vHHMrkzQ7o8d--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Don’t forget you can e-mail the show at: brian@zomiaofflinegames.com Also at Protonmail.ch at: anarchy@protonmail.ch I’m also on Telegram: @Sovryn Minilock.io ID: 67JpL89QkmcJHC9KMGjcNy9VrwsNYDpfCQu9gKXGijVVY BitMessage: BM-NBMFb4W42CqTaonxApmUji1KNbkSESki --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- You can also visit our IRC channel on Freenode: #SovrynBalnea--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- www.sovryntech.com www.twitter.com/sovryntech plus.google.com/+BrianSovryn1i/ liberty.me/members/briansovryn/www.facebook.com/BrianSovryn instagram.com/Bsovryn/ steamcommunity.com/id/ninjaprogram/

Show: 34Show Overview: Brian and Tyler talk with Joe Fernandes (@joefern1, Sr. Director Product Management @OpenShift) and Reza Shafii (@rezaloo, Sr. Director Product Management @OpenShift, formerly @CoreOS) about the CoreOS acquisition and transition, how CoreOS technologies are being integrated into Red Hat platforms, new capabilities for OpenShift, updates on Operators, updates on Container Linux and updates on Quay. Show Notes:Red Hat Unveils Roadmap for CoreOS Integration with Red Hat OpenShiftRed Hat Brings Cloud-Native Capabilities to Software Partner Ecosystem with Kubernetes Operatorshttp://podctl.comBringing CoreOS technology to Red Hat OpenShift to deliver a next-generation automated Kubernetes platformPodCTL #33 - Operators FrameworkTopic 1 - Welcome to the show, both of you. Before we get to the announcements and roadmap, let’s do quick introductions and maybe tell us how things have been going since the acquisition of CoreOS was announced at the end of January.Topic 2 - What have been the core focus areas since the acquisition, both near-term and longer-term? Both in terms of Platforms (OpenShift/Tectonic) and OS (RHEL/Atomic/Container Linux)Topic 3 - What are the announcements coming out this week, related to the Kubernetes platform? What timelines are important for these announcements?Operators as a community project (also see PodCTL #33)Operators for OpenShift Operators for ISVs Full Stack Automation (New Installer, New Admin Console)Topic 4 - What are the announcements coming this week, related to the Linux OS platform? What timelines are important for these announcements?Red Hat CoreOS Red Hat QuayTopic 5 - If you’re a customer (new or existing), or an ISV partner of Red Hat, what are you hoping will be the top few takeaways that they understand after hearing these announcements and seeing the demonstrations?Feedback?Email: PodCTL at gmail dot comTwitter: @PodCTL Web: http://podctl.com

Follow Up: Eric Lundgren Loses Appeal, Heading to Prison (https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/true-crime/wp/2018/04/24/recycling-innovator-eric-lundgren-loses-appeal-on-computer-restore-discs-must-serve-15-month-prison-term/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.cb20bcbb5768) FTC finally cracking down on “VOID IF REMOVED” Stickers, because, you know, they’re illegal: (https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20180502/16225639764/ftc-calls-out-nintendo-microsoft-sony-their-illegal-warranty-void-if-removed-stickers.shtml) Pocket Casts acquired by NPR and other public radio stations (https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/3/17314866/pocket-casts-podcast-app-acquisition-npr-wnyc-wbez-this-american-life) New Windows 10 Update! (https://www.theverge.com/2018/4/30/17301142/microsoft-windows-10-april-2018-update-features-review) There is No longer a Windows Department at Microsoft (https://www.theverge.com/2018/3/30/17179328/microsoft-windows-reorganization-future-2018) Twitter says all 336 million users should change their passwords, like, now (http://money.cnn.com/2018/05/03/technology/twitter-password-bug/index.html) Ubuntu 18.04 Released! (http://releases.ubuntu.com/18.04/) Amazon joins Google in shutting down domain fronting, a huge hit to anti-censorship efforts: (https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20180502/00222239754/amazon-joins-google-making-censorship-easy-threatens-signal-circumventing-censorship-regimes.shtml) Nvidia ends GPP, bitches the entire time (https://hothardware.com/news/nvidia-ends-geforce-partner-program) ChromeOS Canary testing native linux app support (https://9to5google.com/2018/05/03/chromeos-testing-linux-app-support/) Azure Sphere, Microsoft’s Linux OS (https://techcrunch.com/2018/04/16/microsoft-built-its-own-custom-linux-kernel-for-its-new-iot-service/) Cambridge Analytica Ain’t Dead Yet (https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/05/02/cambridge_analytica_shutdown/) Nothing Wrong with Our Top Men at Equifax (https://www.marketwatch.com/story/equifax-board-members-re-elected-despite-massive-data-breach-2018-05-03)

In the news, Microsoft built its own custom Linux OS to secure IoT devices, another critical flaw found in Drupal CorePatch your sites immediately, Facebook plans to build its own chips for hardware devices, NSA reveals how it beats 0-days, and more on this episode of Paul’s Security Weekly! Full Show Notes: https://wiki.securityweekly.com/Episode556 Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/securityweekly Visit our website: http://securityweekly.com Follow us on Twitter: https://www.twitter.comsecurityweekly

This episode explains the core principle of HAM - taking powerful techniques for changing the mind, body and spirit and making them available to all. Like the Linux OS, you can reprogram your MIND operating system if you learn the structure. We share our best wisdom to help people find a"Flow State" and to spot the practices, habits, and thoughts that promote it. We truly believe everybody can achieve remarkable results if they pay attention.

In the news, Microsoft built its own custom Linux OS to secure IoT devices, another critical flaw found in Drupal CorePatch your sites immediately, Facebook plans to build its own chips for hardware devices, NSA reveals how it beats 0-days, and more on this episode of Paul’s Security Weekly! Full Show Notes: https://wiki.securityweekly.com/Episode556 Subscribe to our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/securityweekly Visit our website: http://securityweekly.com Follow us on Twitter: https://www.twitter.comsecurityweekly

Direct Link: http://traffic.libsyn.com/brakeingsecurity/2017-023-Jay_Beale-selinux-apparmor-securing_lxc.mp3   Jay Beale works for a pentest firm called "Inguardians", and has always been a fierce friend of the show. He's running a class at both BlackHat and Defcon all about hardening various parts of the Linux OS. This week, we discuss some of the concepts he teaches in the class.  Why do we disable Selinux? Is it as difficult to enable as everyone believes? What benefit do we get from using it?  We also discuss other hardening applications, like ModSecurity for Apache, Suhosin for PHP, and Linux Containers (LXC). What is gained by using these, and how can we use these to our advantage? Really great discussion with Jay, and please sign up for his class for a two day in-depth discussion of all the technologies discussed on the show. -------- Jay Beale’s Class “aikido on the command line: hardening and containment” JULY 22-23 & JULY 24-25    AT BlackHat and Defcon https://www.blackhat.com/us-17/training/aikido-on-the-command-line-linux-hardening-and-containment.html       ------- Brakesec also announces our "PowerShell for Blue Teamers and Incident Responders" with Mick Douglas (@bettersafetynet). A 6 week course starting with the basics of powershell, and goes into discussion of frameworks using Powershell too assist in assessing your network. It starts on 10 July and run each Monday evening until 14 August 2017. You'll receive a certificate suitable for CPE credit, as well as the videos of the class available to you on our YouTube channel. To sign up, go to our Patreon Page (http://www.patreon.com/bds_podcast) and sign up at the $20 USD level labeled "Blue Team Powershell - Attendee". If you are looking to just get the videos and follow along in class, pick the $10 USD "Blue Team Powershell - Attendee- Videos Only" Classes will be held on Monday Evenings only for 5 weeks, ending on 1 August.   #RSS: www.brakeingsecurity.com/rss Youtube Channel:  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZFjAqFb4A60M1TMa0t1KXw iTunes Store Link:  https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/brakeing-down-security-podcast/id799131292?mt=2  #Google Play Store: https://play.google.com/music/m/Ifp5boyverbo4yywxnbydtzljcy?t=Brakeing_Down_Security_podcast     Join our #Slack Channel! Sign up at https://brakesec.signup.team #iHeartRadio App:  https://www.iheart.com/show/263-Brakeing-Down-Securi/ #SoundCloud: https://www.soundcloud.com/bryan-brake Comments, Questions, Feedback: bds.podcast@gmail.com Support Brakeing Down Security Podcast on #Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/bds_podcast #Twitter: @brakesec @boettcherpwned @bryanbrake @infosystir #Player.FM : https://player.fm/series/brakeing-down-security-podcast #Stitcher Network: http://www.stitcher.com/s?fid=80546&refid=stpr #TuneIn Radio App: http://tunein.com/radio/Brakeing-Down-Security-Podcast-p801582/       --- Show Notes:   AppArmor   SELinux   Privilege Escalation - InGuardians Murderboard   Port Knocking (Single Pack Authorization)   OSSEC   ModSecurity   Linux Containers   Jess frizelle -bane   Dan walsh - selinux   Selinux troubleshoot daemon   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_call   “In computing, a system call is the programmatic way in which a computer program requests a service from the kernel of the operating system it is executed on. This may include hardware-related services (for example, accessing a hard disk drive), creation and execution of new processes, and communication with integral kernel services such as process scheduling. System calls provide an essential interface between a process and the operating system.”   OpenBSD pledge(2): https://man.openbsd.org/pledge.2   https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-2-model-b/   Suhosin   https://www.blackhat.com/us-17/training/aikido-on-the-command-line-linux-hardening-and-containment.html   @inguardians @jaybeale www.inguardians.com ----   What are you doing at Black Hat and Def Con?   Training class at Black Hat - 2 days Def Con Workshop - ModSecurity and AppArmor - 4 hours Packet Hacking Village Workshop - Container security Vapor Trail at Def Con Labs (Larry and Galen) Dancing my butt off?

This is the 192nd installment of Linux in the Ham Shack. We thank you for tuning in. In this episode, your hosts cover Jamboree on the Air, Linux infotainment systems, Morse code in Jamaica, Bitcoin-mining malware, a security based Linux OS, several handy Linux command-line utilities and much more. 73 de The LHS Crew [...]

We cover TrueOS/Lumina working to be less dependent on Linux, How the IllumOS network stack works, Throttling the password gropers & the 64 bit inode call for testing. This episode was brought to you by Headlines vBSDCon CFP closed April 29th (https://easychair.org/conferences/?conf=vbsdcon2017) EuroBSDCon CFP closes April 30th (https://2017.eurobsdcon.org/2017/03/13/call-for-proposals/) Developer Commentary: Philosophy, Evolution of TrueOS/Lumina, and Other Thoughts. (https://www.trueos.org/blog/developer-commentary-philosophy-evolution-trueoslumina-thoughts/) Philosophy of Development No project is an island. Every single project needs or uses some other external utility, library, communications format, standards compliance, and more in order to be useful. A static project is typically a dead project. A project needs regular upkeep and maintenance to ensure it continues to build and run with the current ecosystem of libraries and utilities, even if the project has no considerable changes to the code base or feature set. “Upstream” decisions can have drastic consequences on your project. Through no fault of yours, your project can be rendered obsolete or broken by changing standards in the global ecosystem that affect your project's dependencies. Operating system focus is key. What OS is the project originally designed for? This determines how the “upstream” dependencies list appears and which “heartbeat” to monitor. Evolution of PC-BSD, Lumina, and TrueOS. With these principles in mind – let's look at PC-BSD, Lumina, and TrueOS. PC-BSD : PC-BSD was largely designed around KDE on FreeBSD. KDE/Plasma5 has been available for Linux OS's for well over a year, but is still not generally available on FreeBSD. It is still tucked away in the experimental “area51” repository where people are trying to get it working first. Lumina : As a developer with PC-BSD for a long time, and a tester from nearly the beginning of the project, I was keenly aware the “winds of change” were blowing in the open-source ecosystem. TrueOS : All of these ecosystem changes finally came to a head for us near the beginning of 2016. KDE4 was starting to deteriorate underneath us, and the FreeBSD “Release” branch would never allow us to compete with the rate of graphics driver or standards changes coming out of the Linux camp. The Rename and Next Steps With all of these changes and the lack of a clear “upgrade” path from PC-BSD to the new systems, we decided it was necessary to change the project itself (name and all). To us, this was the only way to ensure people were aware of the differences, and that TrueOS really is a different kind of project from PC-BSD. Note this was not a “hostile takeover” of the PC-BSD project by rabid FreeBSD fanatics. This was more a refocusing of the PC-BSD project into something that could ensure longevity and reliability for the foreseeable future. Does TrueOS have bugs and issues? Of course! That is the nature of “rolling” with upstream changes all the time. Not only do you always get the latest version of something (a good thing), you also find yourself on the “front line” for finding and reporting bugs in those same applications (a bad thing if you like consistency or stability). What you are also seeing is just how much “churn” happens in the open-source ecosystem at any given time. We are devoted to providing our users (and ourselves – don't forget we use TrueOS every day too!) a stable, reliable, and secure experience. Please be patient as we continue striving toward this goal in the best way possible, not just doing what works for the moment, but the project's future too. Robert Mustacchi: Excerpts from The Soft Ring Cycle #1 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vnD10WQ2930) The author of the “Turtles on the Wire” post we featured the other week, is back with a video. Joyent has started a new series of lunchtime technical discussions to share information as they grow their engineering team This video focuses on the network stack, how it works, and how it relates to virtualization and multi-tenancy Basically, how the network stack on IllumOS works when you have virtual tenants, be they virtual machines or zones The video describes the many layers of the network stack, how they work together, and how they can be made to work quickly It also talks about the trade-offs between high throughput and low latency How security is enforced, so virtual tenants cannot send packets into VLANs they are not members of, or receive traffic that they are not allowed to by the administrator How incoming packets are classified, and eventually delivered to the intended destination How the system decides if it has enough available resources to process the packet, or if it needs to be dropped How interface polling works on IllumOS (a lot different than on FreeBSD) Then the last 20 minutes are about how the qemu interface of the KVM hypervisor interfaces with the network stack We look forward to seeing more of these videos as they come out *** Forcing the password gropers through a smaller hole with OpenBSD's PF queues (http://bsdly.blogspot.com/2017/04/forcing-password-gropers-through.html) While preparing material for the upcoming BSDCan PF and networking tutorial (http://www.bsdcan.org/2017/schedule/events/805.en.html), I realized that the pop3 gropers were actually not much fun to watch anymore. So I used the traffic shaping features of my OpenBSD firewall to let the miscreants inflict some pain on themselves. Watching logs became fun again. The actual useful parts of this article follow - take this as a walkthrough of how to mitigate a wide range of threats and annoyances. First, analyze the behavior that you want to defend against. In our case that's fairly obvious: We have a service that's getting a volume of unwanted traffic, and looking at our logs the attempts come fairly quickly with a number of repeated attempts from each source address. I've written about the rapid-fire ssh bruteforce attacks and their mitigation before (and of course it's in The Book of PF) as well as the slower kind where those techniques actually come up short. The traditional approach to ssh bruteforcers has been to simply block their traffic, and the state-tracking features of PF let you set up overload criteria that add the source addresses to the table that holds the addresses you want to block. For the system that runs our pop3 service, we also have a PF ruleset in place with queues for traffic shaping. For some odd reason that ruleset is fairly close to the HFSC traffic shaper example in The Book of PF, and it contains a queue that I set up mainly as an experiment to annoy spammers (as in, the ones that are already for one reason or the other blacklisted by our spamd). The queue is defined like this: queue spamd parent rootq bandwidth 1K min 0K max 1K qlimit 300 yes, that's right. A queue with a maximum throughput of 1 kilobit per second. I have been warned that this is small enough that the code may be unable to strictly enforce that limit due to the timer resolution in the HFSC code. But that didn't keep me from trying. Now a few small additions to the ruleset are needed for the good to put the evil to the task. We start with a table to hold the addresses we want to mess with. Actually, I'll add two, for reasons that will become clear later: table persist counters table persist counters The rules that use those tables are: block drop log (all) quick from pass in quick log (all) on egress proto tcp from to port pop3 flags S/SA keep state (max-src-conn 2, max-src-conn-rate 3/3, overload flush global, pflow) set queue spamd pass in log (all) on egress proto tcp to port pop3 flags S/SA keep state (max-src-conn 5, max-src-conn-rate 6/3, overload flush global, pflow) The last one lets anybody connect to the pop3 service, but any one source address can have only open five simultaneous connections and at a rate of six over three seconds. The results were immediately visible. Monitoring the queues using pfctl -vvsq shows the tiny queue works as expected: queue spamd parent rootq bandwidth 1K, max 1K qlimit 300 [ pkts: 196136 bytes: 12157940 dropped pkts: 398350 bytes: 24692564 ] [ qlength: 300/300 ] [ measured: 2.0 packets/s, 999.13 b/s ] and looking at the pop3 daemon's log entries, a typical encounter looks like this: Apr 19 22:39:33 skapet spop3d[44875]: connect from 111.181.52.216 Apr 19 22:39:33 skapet spop3d[75112]: connect from 111.181.52.216 Apr 19 22:39:34 skapet spop3d[57116]: connect from 111.181.52.216 Apr 19 22:39:34 skapet spop3d[65982]: connect from 111.181.52.216 Apr 19 22:39:34 skapet spop3d[58964]: connect from 111.181.52.216 Apr 19 22:40:34 skapet spop3d[12410]: autologout time elapsed - 111.181.52.216 Apr 19 22:40:34 skapet spop3d[63573]: autologout time elapsed - 111.181.52.216 Apr 19 22:40:34 skapet spop3d[76113]: autologout time elapsed - 111.181.52.216 Apr 19 22:40:34 skapet spop3d[23524]: autologout time elapsed - 111.181.52.216 Apr 19 22:40:34 skapet spop3d[16916]: autologout time elapsed - 111.181.52.216 here the miscreant comes in way too fast and only manages to get five connections going before they're shunted to the tiny queue to fight it out with known spammers for a share of bandwidth. One important takeaway from this, and possibly the most important point of this article, is that it does not take a lot of imagination to retool this setup to watch for and protect against undesirable activity directed at essentially any network service. You pick the service and the ports it uses, then figure out what are the parameters that determine what is acceptable behavior. Once you have those parameters defined, you can choose to assign to a minimal queue like in this example, block outright, redirect to something unpleasant or even pass with a low probability. 64-bit inodes (ino64) Status Update and Call for Testing (https://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-fs/2017-April/024684.html) Inodes are data structures corresponding to objects in a file system, such as files and directories. FreeBSD has historically used 32-bit values to identify inodes, which limits file systems to somewhat under 2^32 objects. Many modern file systems internally use 64-bit identifiers and FreeBSD needs to follow suit to properly and fully support these file systems. The 64-bit inode project, also known as ino64, started life many years ago as a project by Gleb Kurtsou (gleb@). After that time several people have had a hand in updating it and addressing regressions, after mckusick@ picked up and updated the patch, and acted as a flag-waver. Overview : The ino64 branch extends the basic system types inot and devt from 32-bit to 64-bit, and nlink_t from 16-bit to 64-bit. Motivation : The main risk of the ino64 change is the uncontrolled ABI breakage. Quirks : We handled kinfo sysctl MIBs, but other MIBs which report structures depended on the changed type, are not handled in general. It was considered that the breakage is either in the management interfaces, where we usually allow ABI slip, or is not important. Testing procedure : The ino64 project can be tested by cloning the project branch from GitHub or by applying the patch to a working tree. New kernel, old world. New kernel, new world, old third-party applications. 32bit compat. Targeted tests. NFS server and client test Other filesystems Test accounting Ports Status with ino64 : A ports exp-run for ino64 is open in PR 218320. 5.1. LLVM : LLVM includes a component called Address Sanitizer or ASAN, which triesto intercept syscalls, and contains knowledge of the layout of many system structures. Since stat and lstat syscalls were removed and several types and structures changed, this has to be reflected in the ASAN hacks. 5.2. lang/ghc : The ghc compiler and parts of the runtime are written in Haskell, which means that to compile ghc, you need a working Haskell compiler for bootstrap. 5.3. lang/rust Rustc has a similar structure to GHC, and same issue. The same solution of patching the bootstrap was done. Next Steps : The tentative schedule for the ino64 project: 2017-04-20 Post wide call for testing : Investigate and address port failures with maintainer support 2017-05-05 Request second exp-run with initial patches applied : Investigate and address port failures with maintainer support 2017-05-19 Commit to HEAD : Address post-commit failures where feasible *** News Roundup Sing, beastie, sing! (http://meka.rs/blog/2017/01/25/sing-beastie-sing/) FreeBSD digital audio workstation, or DAW for short, is now possible. At this very moment it's not user friendly that much, but you'll manage. What I want to say is that I worked on porting some of the audio apps to FreeBSD, met some other people interested in porting audio stuff and became heavily involved with DrumGizmo - drum sampling engine. Let me start with the basic setup. FreeBSD doesn't have hard real-time support, but it's pretty close. For the needs of audio, FreeBSD's implementation of real-time is sufficient and, in my opinion, superior to the one you can get on Linux with RT path (which is ugly, not supported by distributions and breaks apps like VirtualBox). As default install of FreeBSD is concerned with real-time too much, we have to tweak sysctl a bit, so append this to your /etc/sysctl.conf: kern.timecounter.alloweddeviation=0 hw.usb.uaudio.buffer_ms=2 # only on -STABLE for now hw.snd.latency=0 kern.coredump=0 So let me go through the list. First item tells FreeBSD how many events it can aggregate (or wait for) before emitting them. The reason this is the default is because aggregating events saves power a bit, and currently more laptops are running FreeBSD than DAWs. Second one is the lowest possible buffer for USB audio driver. If you're not using USB audio, this won't change a thing. Third one has nothing to do with real-time, but dealing with programs that consume ~3GB of RAM, dumping cores around made a problem on my machine. Besides, core dumps are only useful if you know how to debug the problem, or someone is willing to do that for you. I like to not generate those files by default, but if some app is constantly crashing, I enable dumps, run the app, crash it, and disable dumps again. I lost 30GB in under a minute by examining 10 different drumkits of DrumGizmo and all of them gave me 3GB of core file, each. More setup instructions follow, including jackd setup and PulseAudio using virtual_oss. With this setup I can play OSS, JACK and PulseAudio sound all at the same time, which I was not able to do on Linux. FreeBSD 11 Unbound DNS server (https://itso.dk/?p=499) In FreeBSD, there is a built-in DNS server called Unbound. So why would run a local DNS server? I am in a region where internet traffic is still a bit expensive, that also implies slow, and high response times. To speed that a up a little, you can use own DNS server. It will speed up because for every homepage you visit, there will be several hooks to other domains: commercials, site components, and links to other sites. These, will now all be cached locally on your new DNS server. In my case I use an old PC-Engine Alix board for my home DNS server, but you can use almost everything, Raspberry Pi, old laptop/desktop and others. As long as it runs FreeBSD. Goes into more details about what commands to run and which services to start Try it out if you are in a similar situation *** Why it is important that documentation and tutorials be correct and carefully reviewed (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1704.02786.pdf) A group of researchers found that a lot of online web programming tutorials contain serious security flaws. They decided to do a research project to see how this impacts software that is written possibly based on those tutorials. They used a number of simple google search terms to make a list of tutorials, and manually audited them for common vulnerabilities. They then crawled GitHub to find projects with very similar code snippets that might have been taken from those tutorials. The Web is replete with tutorial-style content on how to accomplish programming tasks. Unfortunately, even top-ranked tutorials suffer from severe security vulnerabilities, such as cross-site scripting (XSS), and SQL injection (SQLi). Assuming that these tutorials influence real-world software development, we hypothesize that code snippets from popular tutorials can be used to bootstrap vulnerability discovery at scale. To validate our hypothesis, we propose a semi-automated approach to find recurring vulnerabilities starting from a handful of top-ranked tutorials that contain vulnerable code snippets. We evaluate our approach by performing an analysis of tens of thousands of open-source web applications to check if vulnerabilities originating in the selected tutorials recur. Our analysis framework has been running on a standard PC, analyzed 64,415 PHP codebases hosted on GitHub thus far, and found a total of 117 vulnerabilities that have a strong syntactic similarity to vulnerable code snippets present in popular tutorials. In addition to shedding light on the anecdotal belief that programmers reuse web tutorial code in an ad hoc manner, our study finds disconcerting evidence of insufficiently reviewed tutorials compromising the security of open-source projects. Moreover, our findings testify to the feasibility of large-scale vulnerability discovery using poorly written tutorials as a starting point The researchers found 117 vulnerabilities, of these, at least 8 appear to be nearly exact copy/pastes of the tutorials that were found to be vulnerable. *** 1.3.0 Development Preview: New icon themes (https://lumina-desktop.org/1-3-0-development-preview-new-icon-themes/) As version 1.3.0 of the Lumina desktop starts getting closer to release, I want to take a couple weeks and give you all some sneak peaks at some of the changes/updates that we have been working on (and are in the process of finishing up). New icon theme (https://lumina-desktop.org/1-3-0-development-preview-new-icon-themes/) Material Design Light/Dark There are a lot more icons available in the reference icon packs which we still have not gotten around to renaming yet, but this initial version satisfies all the XDG standards for an icon theme + all the extra icons needed for Lumina and it's utilities + a large number of additional icons for application use. This highlights one the big things that I love about Lumina: it gives you an interface that is custom-tailored to YOUR needs/wants – rather than expecting YOU to change your routines to accomodate how some random developer/designer across the world thinks everybody should use a computer. Lumina Media Player (https://lumina-desktop.org/1-3-0-development-preview-lumina-mediaplayer/) This is a small utility designed to provide the ability for the user to play audio and video files on the local system, as well as stream audio from online sources. For now, only the Pandora internet radio service is supported via the “pianobar” CLI utility, which is an optional runtime dependency. However, we hope to gradually add new streaming sources over time. For a long time I had been using another Pandora streaming client on my TrueOS desktop, but it was very fragile with respect to underlying changes: LibreSSL versions for example. The player would regularly stop functioning for a few update cycles until a version of LibreSSL which was “compatible” with the player was used. After enduring this for some time, I was finally frustrated enough to start looking for alternatives. A co-worker pointed me to a command-line utility called “pianobar“, which was also a small client for Pandora radio. After using pianobar for a couple weeks, I was impressed with how stable it was and how little “overhead” it required with regards to extra runtime dependencies. Of course, I started thinking “I could write a Qt5 GUI for that!”. Once I had a few free hours, I started writing what became lumina-mediaplayer. I started with the interface to pianobar itself to see how complicated it would be to interact with, but after a couple days of tinkering in my spare time, I realized I had a full client to Pandora radio basically finished. Beastie Bits vBSDCon CFP closes April 29th (https://easychair.org/conferences/?conf=vbsdcon2017) EuroBSDCon CFP closes April 30th (https://2017.eurobsdcon.org/2017/03/13/call-for-proposals/) clang(1) added to base on amd64 and i386 (http://undeadly.org/cgi?action=article&sid=20170421001933) Theo: “Most things come to an end, sorry.” (https://marc.info/?l=openbsd-misc&m=149232307018311&w=2) ASLR, PIE, NX, and other capital letters (https://www.dragonflydigest.com/2017/04/24/19609.html) How SSH got port number 22 (https://www.ssh.com/ssh/port) Netflix Serving 90Gb/s+ From Single Machines Using Tuned FreeBSD (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14128637) Compressed zfs send / receive lands in FreeBSD HEAD (https://svnweb.freebsd.org/base?view=revision&revision=317414) *** Feedback/Questions Steve - FreeBSD Jobs (http://dpaste.com/3QSMYEH#wrap) Mike - CuBox i4Pro (http://dpaste.com/0NNYH22#wrap) Steve - Year of the BSD Desktop? (http://dpaste.com/1QRZBPD#wrap) Brad - Configuration Management (http://dpaste.com/2TFV8AJ#wrap) ***

Bem-vindos a mais uma edição do Repórter Retro. Ficha técnica: Número do episódio: 19 Participantes: Ricardo, João, Cesar, Giovanni e Juan Duração aproximada: 67 minutos Músicas de fundo: Músicas sortidas Download em ZIP URLs do podcast: 35 anos do IBM 5150 25 anos do kernel Linux Os movimentos doidões do joystick do Apple II são … Continue lendo Repórter Retro Nº 019 →

In this podcast we are joined by Jason Phippen, Head of Global Product and Solutions Marketing at SUSE to discuss software defined storage and how open source has transformed the computing landscape. Jason explains that SUSE is a Linux OS pioneer and successful software vendor with thousands of installations. He talks about some of the new technologies that SUSE is bringing to the industry including SUSE Linux Enterprise Server, which provides the most advanced foundation for mission critical workloads and SUSE Enterprise Storage 3.0 based on Ceph Jewel. SUSE’s mission is to provide customers with flexibility when it comes to choosing software and believe storage should be open and non-proprietary. Jason talks about how Intel and SUSE have worked closely to offer reliable, efficient and high-performance solutions for mission-critical applications powered by Intel® Xeon® processors. To learn more go to www.suse.com/storage or follow SUSE on twitter at https://twitter.com/SUSE.

Hello, listeners! Another universe-shattering episode of Linux in the Ham Shack is upon you. During this little slice of now, your hosts discuss the safety of wireless networking, colliding black holes, a popular Linux distro site being hacked, a tablet Linux OS, browser-based logging applications, ChromeOS on the Raspberry Pi and much more. Time is [...]

Aaron talks to Sheng Liang (@shengliang; Co-Founder/CEO of Rancher.io) & Shannon Williams (@smw355; Co-Founder/VP of Rancher.io) about their history at Cloud.com, building a full-solution stack around Docker, the tiny-OS market, and the tradeoffs between containers vs VMs. Interested in the O'Reilly OSCON? Want to register for OSCON now? Use promo code 20CLOUD for 20% off Details to win an OSCON pass coming soon! Check out the OSCON Schedule Free eBook from O'Reilly Media for Cloudcast Listeners! Check out an excerpt from the upcoming Docker Cookbook Links from the show: Rancher Labs Website Topic 1 - You guys were behind the original Cloud.com and CloudStack technology. How’d you get to this point and what have you learned in the last 3-4 years? Topic 2 - Let’s start with “Rancher” (or Rancher.io). It seems like it’s Cloudstack for Docker. How far does it extend - container scheduler? manage availability? plugin for 3rd-parties? Topic 3 - Let’s talk about RancherOS. A tiny-OS built specifically for containers. This is suddenly a crowded space (CoreOS, VMware Photon, RedHat Atomic, Canonical/Ubuntu Core). Do we really need another round of Linux OS wars, or fragmentation? Topic 4 - You recently announced Rancher VM, which is KVM inside a container. Talk about the differences between running Containers in VMs and VMs in Containers? What are the trade-offs and benefits? Topic 5 - Cloudstack has always been known as more complete (“a solution”) than OpenStack. Is that fundamentally the same approach you’re taking to managing containers with Rancher? Music Credit: Nine Inch Nails (nin.com)

Uutiset: - HP to buy slim Linux OS from Phoenix for $12M - SparkleShare aims to better dropbox with open source gusto; collaboration tools - Google julkaisi komentorivityökalun palvelujen käyttämiseen - Suomi tiedon avaamisen edelläkävijäksi - Helsingin yliopiston koneet vaihtavat Ubuntuun - Proposed Ubuntu 10.10 installer changes will make installation faster, friendly, intelligent - Ubuntu 10.10:ssä Shotwell F-Spotin sijasta - OpenCL päivittyi 1.1-versioon - Haavoittuvuus Linux-ytimen SCTP INIT -viestien käsittelyssä - FFmpeg 0.6 Released With H.264, VP8 Love - lxBDPlayer is BLu-ray playback software for Linux - 64-bittinen Flash limbossa - MoonLight Silverlight plug-in for Linux hits 7th preview release, still working great - VLC 1.1 julkaistu - Android saavuttaa Iphonea USA:ssa - Nokia vahvistaa: Nseries-laitteissa vaihdetaan Symbianista MeeGoon - Tervetuloa Akademy 2010 -tapahtumaan Puhumassa: - Henrik - Ninnnu - Sakari

Universal remote (Logitech Harmony 880), Profiles in IT (Steven J. Sasson, inventor of digital camera), Luddites (who are they?, where did they come from?), DISA seeks cloud computing solutions, NubuAd deep packet inspection may violate wiretap laws, China has more Internet users than US, Service of Week (call voicemail directly with SlyDial), CherryPal releases cloud computer (Linux OS, SSD, $249), Asus Eee revisited (product may have started a race to bottom), IPv6 update (June 30 deadline passed, IPv6 delayed because NAT reduced demand for new addresses in US), anchor charged with email hacking (may get six months), Gmail now has login tracking with IP address and time, hiding passwords from keyloggers, and Food Science (amylose and amylopectin are the two types of starch in rice, effect on consistency). This show originally aired on Saturday, July 26, 2008, at 9:00 AM EST on 3WT Radio (WWWT).

Universal remote (Logitech Harmony 880), Profiles in IT (Steven J. Sasson, inventor of digital camera), Luddites (who are they?, where did they come from?), DISA seeks cloud computing solutions, NubuAd deep packet inspection may violate wiretap laws, China has more Internet users than US, Service of Week (call voicemail directly with SlyDial), CherryPal releases cloud computer (Linux OS, SSD, $249), Asus Eee revisited (product may have started a race to bottom), IPv6 update (June 30 deadline passed, IPv6 delayed because NAT reduced demand for new addresses in US), anchor charged with email hacking (may get six months), Gmail now has login tracking with IP address and time, hiding passwords from keyloggers, and Food Science (amylose and amylopectin are the two types of starch in rice, effect on consistency). This show originally aired on Saturday, July 26, 2008, at 9:00 AM EST on 3WT Radio (WWWT).

Surge protectors specifications, Profiles in IT (Michael Dell, founder and CEO Dell Computers), FCC 700MHz spectrum auction update, One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) uses AMD chip and Linux OS, defendant cannot be forced to reveal password, creating a strong password, Open Courseware Consortium, Diebold posts picture of voting machine master key, Sun Microsystems to acquire MySQL, Google opposes Microsoft hostile takeover bid for Yahoo, malicious programs reach epidemic levels, Internet cable break update, and sex or plasma TV. This show originally aired on Saturday, February 9, 2008, at 9:00 AM EST on 3WT Radio (WWWT).

Surge protectors specifications, Profiles in IT (Michael Dell, founder and CEO Dell Computers), FCC 700MHz spectrum auction update, One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) uses AMD chip and Linux OS, defendant cannot be forced to reveal password, creating a strong password, Open Courseware Consortium, Diebold posts picture of voting machine master key, Sun Microsystems to acquire MySQL, Google opposes Microsoft hostile takeover bid for Yahoo, malicious programs reach epidemic levels, Internet cable break update, and sex or plasma TV. This show originally aired on Saturday, February 9, 2008, at 9:00 AM EST on 3WT Radio (WWWT).

Ismét a Macians adását lehet megtekinteni Marci műsorvezetésével. Jelenlévők: Gemy, Shooby, FeAt. Mostani fő téma Linux OS telepítése és használata PPC-s Mac gépeken. A teszt Linux operációs rendszer Yellow Dog Linux (Fedora Core 4). Egyéb témák: Új Angol-Magyar szótár

Ismét a Macians adását lehet megtekinteni Marci műsorvezetésével. Jelenlévők: Gemy, Shooby, FeAt. Mostani fő téma Linux OS telepítése és használata PPC-s Mac gépeken. A teszt Linux operációs rendszer Yellow Dog Linux (Fedora Core 4). Egyéb témák: Új Angol-Magyar szótár

Discuss this episode in the Muse community Follow @MuseAppHQ on Twitter Show notes 00:00:00 - Speaker 1: What I think happened was that you got people who knew how to bend and to mold computers and software in the same place as people who were very efficient and effective and curious and playful around things like design and getting things done, and had real needs, right? And sort of that’s some biases there, I think is what drove Mac OS to become such a successful platform. 00:00:29 - Speaker 2: Hello and welcome to Meta Muse. Use as a tool for thought on iPad. This podcast isn’t about Muse product, it’s about Muse’s company and the small team behind it. I’m Adam Wiggins here with Mark McGranaghan. Hey, Adam. And joined today by Rasmus Anderson. 00:00:45 - Speaker 1: Hello, hello. 00:00:48 - Speaker 2: And Rasmus, I understand you’re an amateur gardener. 00:00:51 - Speaker 1: Yeah, that wouldn’t be very far from a lie. I do have a little front yard, tiny tiny one, and a tiny backyard, and it is a constant fight with nature, but, you know, it’s kind of fun. 00:01:07 - Speaker 2: And I always find it funny, weeds are not particularly a thing that there’s no like clear definition other than just a plant that you don’t want to be growing there. So one man’s weed is another person’s desired plant, is that about right? 00:01:22 - Speaker 1: I think that’s right, yeah. I mean, I grew up in Sweden and I remember my parents playing this like really smart game on me and my brother, where we would have these, they’re called mscruso, which are kind of pretty, but they’re definitely weed. There’s these beautiful kind of yellow flowers, and they can break through asphalt. They’re like really strong growers. You know, and as a kid, you know, parents would be like, hey, let’s do like an adventure thing, and like you find all these in the yard, and like for each of them, we line them up and count them and we would just like, Wow, this is cool. And we would go and pick them and light them up. And our parents would be like, you know, behind the corner, that would be like, we totally fooled them. So yeah, they' weeding as a kid without really knowing that I was doing that. 00:02:07 - Speaker 2: Nice one. We lived on a farm just for a little while, while my dad was stationed at a naval station that was kind of in the boonies, you might say, and my mom was a pretty serious gardener growing her own vegetables and fruits, and we had fruit trees and stuff like that. But I certainly remember that some things, the tomato plants grew fast and easy. There was the watermelon plants that we got one summer with me and my brother just ate watermelon and spit the seeds into a nearby garden bed, and then there were some others that were endless frustration for my mom trying to coax out of the ground. So yeah, I think my strategy if I’m ever in the position of being a yard owner, will be to just identify all of the hardiest plants that grow, even if you don’t want them to, and just say these are what I’m specifically cultivating. 00:02:51 - Speaker 1: I like this strategy. This someone once said this. I’m sure that there are like children books and stuff written around this. I’m not sure, but someone said this and I thought it was kind of interesting that there’s a gardening approach to like steering a system, right? And there’s sort of like more of the plan and design approach to steering a system, meaning that if you have this sort of like organic type of system, like a garden, right? Or maybe software. It’s going to just keep changing, and the gardener’s approach is that by doing something like Adam, what you were saying, you kind of identify the things that you want to cultivate, and you give them a better opportunities. And then you look at things like weed or things that you want to move, and you sort of like give them worse opportunities, right? You sort of steer the system like that and see where it goes, whereas the I don’t know if there’s a better word for it, but the planning and the signing of the system from scratch, you’re like constantly trying to hope that it evolves in the direction you want to, which is, I think, never really the case, right? 00:03:52 - Speaker 2: Yeah, I think that is I use gardening as a metaphor often for those kinds of organic growth things for something like a community where you just can’t directly direct what’s going to happen, what you can do is encourage and nurture and create opportunities, as you said, for the kinds of things you want to see and and discourage the kinds of things you don’t want to see. But that’s part of the joy maybe is you don’t know exactly how it’s going to turn out. If you come at it from a kind of a builder, engineer, architect perspective that I’m gonna plan down to every last little detail in the blueprint, and then I’ll make reality match that exactly, you’re likely to be frustrated and disappointed. 00:04:33 - Speaker 1: Yeah, that’s right. I think this somehow we just kind of slipped into this, and that’s interesting in itself, but this is kind of what I’m trying to do with my project Playbit. See, we can get into it a little bit more in detail in a few minutes, but I think that there’s this opportunity to encourage, sort of like a different way of building software, not like radically different, but sort of like somewhere in between big scale and tiny tiny scale software, kind of like personal software. But anyhow, I think that a cultural change, right? Sort of like creating this garden where interesting like plants and stuff can grow to kind of spin off this metaphor. It’s a really interesting idea, and that’s sort of like the core of playbit. That is the idea around it. That’s what I’m trying to do with it, rather than to build on a specific type of technology. Now, software is like part of, you know, my strategy to make the change happen, or at least I hope I can. But the goal of play but this is sort of like cultural change or really like offering and, you know, a different or a slightly different at least culture to software building. 00:05:39 - Speaker 2: Culture is so important, certainly for programming communities, but more broadly just creation of any end artifact comes not just from the tools and the materials and the intentions of the creators, but also this ineffable thing we call culture. Yeah, well, I’m really excited to hear more about Playbit, which is a brand new project you’re working on, just for the listener’s sake. It would be great to briefly touch on your background. You’ve got a very impressive resume fresh off of working at FIMA. Before that you did Dropbox. You were early at Spotify, and just looking down that list, you know, I find myself thinking, well, if you were an investor, that would be pretty impressive, and I would assume you’re just sort of leaving the things out that were misses. But as someone that goes to work for companies, you don’t have the ability to do such a portfolio strategy. I’m wondering if you feel like you have a particular knack for spotting high potential companies early on, or is it more a spot of luck or some combination? 00:06:35 - Speaker 1: That’s a good question. I think it’s probably the latter. It’s a little bit of a combination. Really, it’s this kind of idea of intuition, right? You have a lot of experience. I do have quite a lot of experience at this point, and I think that has put up these neurons in such a way that I have some sense at least, at least within this particular kind of industry that I’m in. Someone was asking me this the other day actually, this little Twitter like texting back and forth, but I think that there’s a couple of things you can do that don’t require experience to build up intuition. And one thing is just to like really understand what you like to do, right? And so this is not specifically around, you know, successful technology companies, but I think it’s like a foundational sort of like a cornerstone. To being successful with like, really anything, is to understand like what you really want, right? Not what your parents told you that you should want, or not what like your peers tell you that you should want, but what you really want. No, no, that’s really hard, and maybe that’s the hardest thing in life actually to know what you really want. 00:07:37 - Speaker 2: I’ll echo that as well, which is for me, I had this experience of growing up with video games and that being my passion, and I was just convinced I would go into the game industry, and that was my path, and I actually did that and then I was miserable and I didn’t like it and I what on paper you might say, or hypothetically, I thought I wanted to do in practice didn’t actually work for me. And then when I had an opportunity to join a company. Making basically from my perspective, pretty boring business software. I jumped into that and discovered I loved it and I was much better at a thing that I loved to do or fit with my natural passion somehow. So I think it’s also a maybe coming back to our gardening metaphor, a bit of a discovery and looking for opportunities and noticing what’s growing, what’s sprouting really naturally, and then encouraging. that rather than having some preconceived notion of what you think you should do, which might come from parents, certainly could come from, you know, the tech industry, which lionizes certain kinds of companies or certain kinds of people and instead kind of paying attention to your own internal compass for this is a thing that I could really see myself spending every minute thinking about for the next 5 years, 10 years, or career. 00:08:47 - Speaker 1: That’s just so interesting to hear you say that, but you had that experience, which I think a lot of us have, right? If we had this idea, maybe we want to be a chef or an astronaut, or, you know, a fire person or whatever when we’re kids, right? And like most of us end up not doing that, right? We end up doing something else. And I think that happens a few times in life where, like you, you know, We see this thing, it’s like very exciting, we pursue it, and then we stumble upon something else, and that just, you know, we stumble upon probably 100 different things, right? But one of those things where like, whoa, damn, this is really fun, and this is really interesting. Yeah, so getting back to your question a few minutes ago, I think that if you have that sort of like cornerstone idea of the learning about myself, it’s just something that I should always work on. Then on top of that, I think what you can do is To try to learn about the people that are working at various different companies or like looking for passion in people, like finding out what incentives are driving them to make a change. And with a change, I mean like a technology startup, right, usually exists for one of two reasons, and the first reason is that people want to make a change or want to see a change in the world, right? It can be a very small scale, a very big scale. And the second thing, I think that often you have these ulterior motives, you have power, fortune, you know, impressing other people, like all those things. There’s nothing bad about those things, right? But they are usually then hidden away that there’s this facade of like, no, we’re really trying to make a machine here with this YouTube for cats or whatever. And really like someone just wanted to like build a really cool thing so they can sell it and get rich, right? And again, there’s no judgment here if that’s your thing, that’s cool, but that’s not what I’m interested in. So that’s one of the things that I tried to see and figure out and really spend time on understanding when speaking with a company or a few people who want to make a change, right? Like, are they driven by passion for this change? Like, can they see this world and like, you know, in 3 years, if we have this thing, and people are using it, like, this is how their lives are different. This is how they can like do things that they can’t do before. Like that’s the sort of thing. To me it’s like, kind of rare. It might be surprisingly rare, actually, which is kind of weird. And to find that out, I think the easiest way is just to spend a little bit of time with a lot of different people. So if you’re interviewing for a company, ask if you can spend a few hours with 1 or 2 people on the team, rather than, can I spend half an hour with like 10 different people. 00:11:20 - Speaker 2: Interesting. So it sounds like you’re, you know, come back to that investor kind of analogy I made before where going to work for a company, you’re investing your time rather than your money, which in many ways is even a more scarce and valuable resource. You think of it as less in terms of let me a value. I don’t know, the market opportunity here, whether I think this has the potential to be something good or big or what have you, and instead more is kind of looking into the souls of the people who are working on it to understand their motivation and their drive and their passion. 00:11:52 - Speaker 1: For sure, yeah. This is probably a cliche at this point, but If you have a group of good people that you’re working on, it’s not that important what you’re working on. Right, I think that’s a very extreme way of looking at it. I think in reality it’s not as clear cut as that. It’s not as true as that. But I do think that it does hold true to some extent, right, that if you flip it around, right, if you do some sort of kind of Greek philosophy approach then, you know, you say sort of like, what if everything is good, right? So you start out in like ideal scenario. So it’s every person is amazing on the team. The business is doing great. The mission is something that is so close to my heart, like, I’m just thinking about it day and night, right? And so on. And now you start like taking things away, right? You have this kind of little thing in front of you, and now you start thinking that, OK, let’s see if I take away the mission, right? And I have all the other things still, like, does this feel like something I want to do for 4 years, right? Not in day, right? It’s like, oh maybe, you know, you start taking things away, and I think If you start out in the ideal case, right, you play these different stories out, and you take away the group of people, right? So you replace that with like, people who you would consider, like, not being good, right? Like, maybe they had a bad influence on you, maybe they create a lot of stress for you, maybe they’re just not good at the craft and so on, whatever that means to you. I think for most people, like, it stops pretty early in terms of like, yeah, I would still do this. Like you would be like, well, you know. With making such a big change, and I’m really involved emotionally in this mission and everything, but like the people I work with are paying, it’s like, I don’t wanna do that, right? Life is so tiny, it’s so short, and you look back in the past and the things you remember, it’s not the bugs you squashed in code or like the pixels you made. It’s gonna be the people and like. The change that the company is trying to make and the group of people are trying to make, I think it is very important, right? And this is where it really loops back the first thing that I was talking about a few minutes ago about like learning about yourself and knowing yourself. I have a few friends who are very concerned about the environment of Earth and stuff like that, and choose to leave their traditional tech jobs to go work for, you know, uh renewable energy companies and stuff like that. And for them, you know, the mission is very important, right? And the people are very important. So, I think you want to really like look at all of these different things, like, a group of people who are amazing, who are very unsuccessful at doing what they do, is not gonna be a fun experience anyways, right? So yeah, I don’t think there’s a magic bullet, there’s no sort of golden arrow or whatever metaphor here, but I think one really good thing to look for is this sort of like passionate people, and what drives them to make that change. 00:14:39 - Speaker 2: Yeah, I’m a fan of that. Seeking opportunities in my own career and when I’m in the position of giving career advice to others, I usually say something like optimize for the people, find the team that you have that collaboration magic with, and that will be just far greater return than the exact perfect mission. Um, I do think, you know, those things related, probably because if you share values and you share passions around a particular mission, that’s likely to be a team that you work really well with. But yeah, given the choice between a thing that’s slightly off from what I might actually be my ideal, the perfect team, and the other way around, I always go for the team. 00:15:16 - Speaker 1: I’m curious here, Adam and Mark, how you’re looking at this as well. You’re both experienced in the software industry, yes I am, like, kind of flipping the question back to you. What are some of the things you might do or look for in order to understand if this, you know, company group of people are gonna be successful. It’s just gonna be like a fun ride for me, so to speak. 00:15:38 - Speaker 2: Yeah, I’d love to hear from Mark on that since he’s actually, now that I think of it, picked some pretty good ones, including for Muse, he was at Stripe. And so, yeah, I guess I never asked, did you see that as, oh, these guys are gonna be huge, I really want to be on board early. My stock will be worth a lot, or was it more, this is an interesting domain, and I want to work with these people who knows the company will be successful, or that wasn’t part of your calculation. 00:16:00 - Speaker 3: Yeah, it’s tough for me to give an answer to that, because to my mind, there’s a lot of, you know, it, when you see it, and to your point about having experience and neurons and pattern matching. I feel like I’ve been lucky enough to work in the industry for a while, so I now I’m able to have perhaps some judgment of that. I do think as a tactical matter, if people actually want to have a better chance of working at a high potential company in the classic sense, you can get a lot of information by asking people whose job it is to know these things. So, Investors and hiring managers will often have a lot of data about companies that will do well. And then it kind of becomes like investors will always say, oh, it’s, it’s actually not hard to pick the company, it’s hard to get the deals. I think there’s a similar dynamic with joining companies where often a big part of it is actually getting hired. But yeah, I think it’s a tactical matter, if you do ask around, you can get a lot of good data points. But I also have similar sentiment in terms of, at a more personal level, what I look for in a company, and I would also say it’s about the people and the mission. And I always go back to this idea of You know, we don’t have a whole lot of mortal life, and it would be a shame to spend the next 2 to 4 years of it working with people you didn’t care for. And when you say it like that, oh wow, you know, really should, uh, make sure that the people that you trust and look up to and want to become more alike, because as you spend 124 years with this team, you are going to basically become more like them. So is that something that you would be proud and excited to do, or that you would be afraid and ashamed of? 00:17:18 - Speaker 2: There’s a great patio. I think it’s even in an article writing about the culture at Stripe. He says, when you’re choosing your colleagues, these are people you’re essentially giving right access in your consciousness to. We don’t realize it, but just the people you’re around all the time, you become like them, whether you like it or not. So surround yourself with people you admire and you want to become more like, and that will come true. 00:17:42 - Speaker 1: Absolutely, I really like that. 00:17:44 - Speaker 3: This also might connect a little bit to our topic of playful software, because to my mind, one aspect of playfulness is sort of undertaking the process and the work for its own sake, without a lot of accountability to the end result and just kind of enjoying the process, you know, doing it for the memes, if you will. And I feel like you can only do that well if you actually really love what you’re working on and the discipline, but I’m curious to hear Rasmus, what your perspective on playful software is. 00:18:11 - Speaker 1: Well, I think for most people playful software, the first that comes to mind is probably games, right? And games, they’re sort of like almost the purest type of playful software. That is their primary and often only goal, right? To just be playful, to just entertain. And so I think playful software that is not games have some amount of that sort of like entertainment that, you know, a privy guest of yours that Jason was saying sort of like fidget ability, you know, the idea that There’s some quality to the software that makes you want to just like, kind of toy around and play around with the software itself, not to produce something necessarily, although that might be the main reason for the software to exist. So I think if we’re looking for a definition of playful software, it’s probably something in the realms of game like entertainment like qualities that are kind of intertwined with some sort of utility. 00:19:09 - Speaker 3: Yeah, this is really interesting, this nexus of entertainment versus playfulness versus utility. So I feel like actually there’s some relations certainly between entertainment and playfulness, but I feel like they’re also somewhat separable. Like you can have a game where it’s sort of a mindless game where you just plan to get really good at it, like a competitive game. And the flip side, you can have playfulness that is more just about exploring and seeing what you can do and what you can make and perhaps the stuff in the middle, like Minecraft is kind of in the middle there, it’s both entertaining and it’s playful, and I do think people tend to go towards games, but I think there’s another important element around what we’re calling playfulness that’s really important. 00:19:42 - Speaker 1: Yeah, that’s good points. 00:19:44 - Speaker 2: I’m suddenly reminded of a book by one of my favorite authors, Virginia Postrell. And in there is a chapter where it asks the question of what actually is the difference between work and play. And it’s one of those things where you go, oh well, it’s obvious, and then when you try to come up with a definition like, well, you get paid to work and you don’t get paid to play, and really quickly, especially if you’re someone that’s, you know, in the tech industry, a designer, a developer, whatever, you find yourself doing things that look very, very similar, maybe in your free time that you do at your work, but it’s hard to pin down really what the difference is and She ends up defining it exactly as you said there, Mark, which is play is something that’s open ended, you don’t have a specific goal in mind, you can start out with, I’m gonna paint the painting of the sunset, and by the time you get to the end, you’ve decided instead to fold the canvas into an origami. Swan and, you know, you could do that if you want, whereas work you have this specific end goal that you need to get to, often in a particular time frame, and even if you find some interesting detour along the way, you kind of have to ignore that because you have made this commitment to deliver some specific result. 00:20:54 - Speaker 1: And I’d say that as a designer, like playing is often a very important part of the understanding part of design, which I think is like a really big chunk of design work, right? You know, you have this opportunity or this kind of problem, like there’s something you’re pursuing, right, with your design project and Before you can make any decisions and any changes, right, in terms of like getting closer to solving it or changing it, you have to understand it, right? And so you take things apart, you put them back together, right? You’ll learn about things as you take things apart, you’ll find new parts so you didn’t see before, right? You’ll find new constraints of the project, you’re like, oh shoot, oh I guess this material is different, right? And so, I think, as you were saying, Adam, if you take a step back and you think about like, well, this kind of looks like play, doesn’t it? And I think in many ways it is straight up play. But it is sort of a semi open ended, closed ended play, right? It’s sort of like play for the purpose of learning. And I think this is where most of us in the tech industry, like, Can relate to playfulness in like the way we use software. So maybe on a weekend you’re like, oh, I’ve heard about this new like rust thing. Maybe I should like take the first bit, right? And you put together a whole world thing and you find a rust compiler and you write some code and you’re like, oh, what is, why can’t I borrow this thing, right, whatever. And the goal here, right, is play. You might not call it play, but unless your goal is to actually like get an output in the end or make a change or something like that, really what you’re doing, right, is learning. And I think that is often the reward, so to speak, the outcome. The product of play is to learn something. 00:22:35 - Speaker 3: Absolutely. I think it’s a great point. And just to reiterate, I think it’s really important to have this play access be separate from work versus entertainment. So that is, you can play in a domain that we typically think of as work, whether that’s design, engineering. Another example that I might throw in there is Elon Musk sending the roadster to space. It’s like, why are you doing that? I don’t know, it’d be fun, I guess. That’s also in a very serious domain where he is in fact learning a lot by undertaking that activity. 00:23:02 - Speaker 2: Also connects a bit to just our humanity, which is, of course, we’re trying to achieve things, be productive in the broad sense of the word, in our pursuits in our work life, but at the same time, we’re all people, we like stuff that’s fun, we like stuff that’s playful, and if you can find ways to do that, that fit in with the work and fit in with accomplishing your ends, I think it makes it more fun and engaging and enjoyable for everyone who’s involved. 00:23:31 - Speaker 1: Yeah, there’s something naturally even about play for sure. We can’t imagine our like ancestors running around naked in the woods with clubs, you know, kind of finding a pine cone or something on the ground or a stick and be like, oh, this kind of looks like a goat, you know, and you start playing with those things, and there’s something I think is very interesting, like when I was a kid, so I grew up in the countryside and Me and, you know, the other like 5 neighbors or whatever, and the kids, we would, you know, go into the woods and that’s how we would play, we, you know, build a little like imaginary little airplanes out of a pine cone and stick through it and stuff like that, right? And as a kid, you see a stick, and the stick is like anything. It can be anything you want, it can be an airplane, it can be a rocket, right? It can be a person, right? And as an adult we lose that, and I don’t know why, but I see a stick today and I’m like, oh, that’s a stick, right? And I’m like, damn it. You know, I wanna see the stick and I wanna feel like, whoa, this could be a weird sort of creature, you know, from a different planet that has like multiple heads, that kind of looks like a stick, but it’s not a stick. At some point I listened to someone who was trying to make a point of the educational system, at least in sort of like most of the world. Takes in one end of a machine, right? Imagine people walking in one end of the machine and they come out in the other end and like, in the end you walk in, there’s all these color and difference and, you know, different voices and stuff. And the other end is like this marching uniformed people, right? School kind of prints this pattern onto us, right? This is real, that is not real. This is play, that is not play, this is serious, right? And I’m not sure that’s like good for us, especially not for people in sort of the creative industry. Which I think is like a growing industry generally. 00:25:15 - Speaker 3: Yeah, I think that’s a great point. Another way to articulate this might be as we get older and as we go through institutional education, we tend to get annealed, that is kind of solidified, optimized, focused, structured, and play in addition to a way to learn, is a way to kind of foam roll your mind, you know, get some plasticity, break up some connective tissue so you can think of some new stuff. And so now that you make that point, I see that as a second key outcome. You know, you learn some stuff and you have some more flexibility in your head. 00:25:46 - Speaker 2: It also occurs to me that that means that play and imagination have a strong relationship and maybe this, as you said earlier, Erasmus, that like, when you talk about in design, play is very important. You might even say, this isn’t quite solved yet, let me play with it and try some stuff. And that’s connected to a little bit of an open-ended divergent thinking, imagination, out of the box, you know, looking at the stick and seeing the person of the rocket ship, and that actually is what could potentially lead you to the more practical breakthrough in doing your work. 00:26:17 - Speaker 1: It’s so true, so true, I think. If you think about cool stuff that people have made, right, like art or tools or anything, what have you, that you think it’s like, wow, this is brilliant, you know, this is so fun, or this is really smart, whatever. And you start digging into like the history of that in pretty much every single case, you’ll find that it’s a remix of other things, right? And so I think imagination and playfulness. is sort of like at least partially a practice of just exploring things, right? It’s maybe that’s a play part, right? You explore stuff, you see new things, right? And then here comes the imagination part, which is like, oh, out of all these different things, there’s like a new thing that can emerge, right? Like the iPod is a remix of this like brawn handheld radio, right? And then the iPhone is a remix of the iPod. You know, those things are very obviously remixes, because they’re, you know, visually very similar, but I think that there’s also conceptual remixes, and there’s like straight up like the word I’m using a remix, right, like from audio, there’s like, that is a very common practice. 00:27:24 - Speaker 3: This is also reminding me that there’s an important element of intellectual humility in play. So we said perhaps play is when you don’t have accountability for the end work product, but wait a second, we’re in creative fields, our entire purpose is to come up with novel ideas by definition. You don’t know how to get to that work product yet. If you did, you just go right there. So really it’s taking away some of your constraints and preconceptions about what it takes to create a novel work product and and exploring for a bit and saying, you know, press on the other side, it’ll be clear that what you were calling play was in fact work or fed into work, but you don’t know what that path is yet, so who are you to say what is or isn’t gonna have a good result eventually. 00:28:01 - Speaker 1: That is really interesting. So Mark, what level of constraints, or what level of sort of like boundaries do you think you need to define in order for that to not be like this totally open ended sort of quick detour of what I’m talking about is to make sure this makes sense. So like, I’ve seen this happening a couple of times in tech companies where you have a couple of interesting smart people who are playful, and the company recognizes that, and it recognizes the value and innovation and stuff, right? So they say, hey, you know, Lisa and Robin. Would you be interested in sitting in this corner just coming up with crazy shit, right? Maybe we’ll ship it. And I think in most cases that is like a failure, right? That will come up with all these incredible stuff, but there’s never any sort of traction around it. Maybe the constraints are way too vague, similarly to an art class, you know, if you ask someone to just paint anything they want, there’s just this paralysis, right, of like where they even start. So within that framework, like looping back to my question to you, Mark, what and how do you think about like setting up the right amount of constraints to be able to play around within there? 00:29:01 - Speaker 3: Yeah, that’s a great question. I I don’t think there’s an easy answer, but One strategy that I like a lot is to follow the energy. So if you’re undertaking this project, let’s say we’re going to relax the constraint about classically measured business output, but we’re gonna maintain the constraint around there needs to be some energy here, which could be, you’re able to get other people excited about it, you’re able to get customers excited about it, you’re able to create something that’s aesthetically interesting. That to me is an important Source of energy. And so we’re not gonna kind of constantly inorganically add energy to the system. We’re gonna give you a little bit of spark and some initial fuel, but then you need to build it up from there and kind of find your own path. But you’re free to not go directly to this end destination. It could be that you go through basically an art project, or a recruiting project or a publication project, and then you go from there. That helps a lot with kind of the mechanics of keeping the project going but again people are living their short moral lives and not gonna want to work on something that doesn’t have a lot of energy on it. So as you have more success, you tend to attract more people and it goes from there. 00:29:59 - Speaker 1: So energy that makes a lot of sense, kind of sense of urgency in different words, the sort of like things are happening. Do you think that Results or milestones, or even just celebrating like discrete moments of success or progress are important as well. 00:30:15 - Speaker 3: So this is a classic atomism back from the Hiroki days to make it real. We can link to the full list of atomisms. But it’s this idea of, even if it’s just a prototype or even a CLI session mockup, something that makes it real and makes it concrete for people, really helps people understand what it is and again build that energy. I also, I mentioned it briefly, but I think this idea of aesthetics is really important. There are good threads to pull when you have an idea that’s aesthetically exciting or appealing. That’s the way that I often draw energy on projects, even like programming type projects. 00:30:45 - Speaker 1: There’s this thing I’m thinking about now, which is And this varies in different parts of the world, but I think the same thing is sort of the financial thing is true. Like, you look at a particular industry, like hairdressers, right, or pizza joints, and you look at like the topography and the colors and sort of like styling they put on their storefronts. And there seems to be these sort of like pretty tight clusters of style, right? You’re like, why are all the pizza joints in this town using hobo for the typeface, right? It will be so much more interesting if like someone used copper Gothic, you know, or comic sense or any of the other sort of, you know, funky typefaces or something, you know, stern like Helvetica. And I think what’s going on is this recognition or this thing to like make it real, right? Imagine that we were starting a pizza joint, right? And we have ambition, right? We want this to be like the freaking best pizza in our town, right? So, you know, we look at other pizza places, and we have this intuition that we talked about before, right? Of what is like a real pizza place, right? We have our heroes, right? And chances are that they use hobo, right? We might not be aware of this, this might be unconscious. So we go to, you know, our local printing press who make a sign for us, and they show us, you know, a bunch of different typefaces, they have an option, and we see the hobo one and we’re like, oh, that just feels right, you know. So you go with that and you reinforce this idea at a real pizza place to use hobo for a typeface. And so I think this connects directly to what we’re talking about with a static being important and to make it real and a good atimus, which I’m gonna start saying now, by the way, so you’re all kind of wow, is that same thing, right? Let’s say you’re building like a MacOS app. And you have this idea for it. If you create a design, just a picture, that’s like a fake screenshot that looks real, I think that there is a similar quality to that pizza you want. People are gonna look at it and they’re gonna feel like, oh damn, this can be real, you know, we can make this happen. That looks like a real thing. I didn’t think of that, right? So yeah, I think aesthetics and presentation, and that mapping that to like your heroes and your ambitions, I think it’s super important for people to feel that this is possible, you know, and to drive the energy you were talking about, Mark. 00:32:58 - Speaker 3: This reminds me of another quick story here of kind of aesthetic and emotionally driven play session. A long time ago at Hiroku, we had an issue with the command line client being very slow, and I was very frustrated with it, and I wanted to have a faster client. So I undertook this playful project of just trying to make a very fast Hoku client that kind of only does Hello World, like it just lists your apps, but does it fast. And that ended up not really going anywhere, but by undertaking that project, I discovered Go, and then eventually will go by example, and now we use Go for some of our server stuff, and that’s a whole world that I never would have been introduced to if I hadn’t just kind of followed my nose up. It would be cool if even with relaxing the constraint that eventually needs to shift to production. 00:33:36 - Speaker 1: Wait, are you behind Gobi sample? Oh yeah, man, I love that. Oh, that’s funny. Oh, that’s brilliant. Yeah. Oh, that’s fantastic, yeah. 00:33:44 - Speaker 2: Yeah, we actually use this as a bit of, I think of it as the mark publishing style, which is static HTML, maybe a little bit of, I don’t know, did you even have some kind of like template or build script for the basic site, but otherwise it’s this very almost I call brutalist HTML but a very effective design in the sense that it has the side by side code and description, if I’m remembering correctly. And yeah, it’s this very kind of sleek, it loads fast because it’s a static site, it probably still works fine now with zero maintenance, and we were certainly inspired by that, both for the you can switch articles and later all the muse stuff. I’m just basically seeing the way that Mark does kind of HTML publishing of these essentially kind of a mini book on the web, was very influential for me and everything I’ve done subsequently. 00:34:35 - Speaker 1: Hm. In an interesting way, I think go by example is playful, right? It seems to be very uniform, right? And I think that uniformity creates this, rather than create, I think it removes some anxiety around navigation. A lot of the web, I think, has this problem of creating anxiety around like, The user interface because everything is different, right? It’s like you you jumping between different planets. Anyhow, I think what makes go by example playful is that I’m guessing here and I’m extrapolating mostly from my own experience with using it. Like, when you’re in the mode of using it or visiting it, you are exploring, right? Otherwise you probably wouldn’t be visiting it, or you are there for entertainment, right, which is kind of playful too, as we talked about. So I think that there’s this category of things that They look and smell like pure utilities. They’re very uniform, they might seem boring, but they really are these like enablers or pieces of a puzzle for playfulness. 00:35:29 - Speaker 3: Yeah, and I also think that’s often an origin story, so maybe we can use this as a way to learn more about your project where, you know, one lens on these projects is, you know, it’s a way to learn a programming language. That doesn’t sound very interesting. But the other lens is it’s the result of a path that someone walked down around the change they wanted to see in the world. So likewise for your project Playbi, you could describe it as someone’s building a new operating system, another one of those, right? But there’s much more to it in terms of where you’re coming from and why you’re building this and how you’re approaching it. So maybe you can tell us a little bit about Playbit. 00:35:59 - Speaker 1: Yeah, so this, like many things, there was no eureka moments, which is interesting, I think you guys have talked about that on the show previously. The slow hunch, the slow hunch, yeah, exactly. So this very much is what happened with Playbit. So for years and years, probably over 10 years, you know, I’ve been interested in operating systems and systems. This is one of these things that I’ve learned about myself that what I find really fun and exciting to work on in terms of software are things that enable a lot of people to make things with them, right? So tools, in other words, I mean, you guys are there with me. And so I started thinking about MacO 9, it’s so tight, you know, it’s so nice. Windows 2000 came around, I was like, wow, it’s so snappy. Anyhow, fast forwarding a little bit. MacOS 10, I think is just like this wonderful amazing operating system. And this very interesting point in time in 2001 or 2002 or so, when Mac was 10.1 or so is the first kind of usable version of it, started getting some traction. I think what happened was that this is probably mostly accidental, but You got these people who were really interested in kind of moldable, malleable software and like poking at things, hacking at things, and they were using BSD and Linux and stuff, right? And they had to give up a good user experience and sure people have different opinions about this, but this is my opinion. 00:37:19 - Speaker 2: I was a Linux on the desktop user for many years and Many things I really loved about it, but I do not miss fighting with getting the Wi Fi chip working or wake from sleep or editing. I spent so many hours of my life editing XOg.com trying to get the resolution to match the refresh rate of my monitor or whatever. And that’s the kind of pain you’re willing to go through for this hackable interface. And yet, my experience was the same. I landed on Mac OS eventually because it gave me so much of that Unix underpinning that’s very kind of powerful and moldable uh with also good hardware integration. 00:37:57 - Speaker 1: Yeah, I think that’s right, that Linux traditionally and still today at least the Linux kernel is most distributions, right, is configuration over convention, whereas Mark, you were talking about Go briefly and Go is sort of like the opposite of that. I’m, I’m a huge fan of Go, like the way it’s designed as a programming language too, but in particular the way it went about the design, where it’s convention over configuration, and we can talk more about that later. But I think what happened was that you have that one part, right, of people who are really interested like you had um of the moldability of software and like the ability to fully customize your computing experience. And then on the other hand, you have people who want to use a computer and be efficient as users of a computer, right? And before MacOS 10, I think you had to make a choice. You had to say, I’m gonna use Windows or Mac OS 9. I’m not gonna be able to do this like multiple hackable stuff. I can do some basic programming or whatever, or I’m gonna do that stuff, but I’m gonna live with all this pain, right? And that quiz 10 came around and it’s like, hey, you know what, you can have both, right? And so, what I think happened was that you got people who knew how to bend and to mold computers and software in the same place as people who were very efficient and effective, and curious and playful around things like design and getting things done, and had real needs, right? And sort of that’s some biases there, I think is what drove Mac OS to become such a successful platform in terms of application quality, right? You just go and look at evidence of this, right? You go and look at a lot of web apps that are trying to mimic desktop apps. In most cases you will find them using metaphors and sometimes even a statics from Macan. It’s pretty rare that you find these things that are in the absence of a native host to mimic Windows, right? Anyhow, so that happened. I think that was very interesting. It’s clear to me now that that is a slowly dying thing, right? Macco is 10:15, you can’t use the VM Nets thing unless you have a special signed certificate from Apple that you can. To get if you’re like become a partner with them, right? You actually cannot run it, even as the owner of the computer, you cannot use it, right? Sure, you can be roots, right? You can pseudo and use it, whatever, but you can’t make any apps using it. And Mac OS 11, takes that to the next step, right? And that’s fine. Anyhow. So, in the context of all of these things, I think that there is going to be a need, right, in terms of like allowing people to keep being playful and exploring. Software at this sort of like more, I own a desktop computer. I want to be able to like do crazy shit with it, even if that means breaking it, right? And so I started thinking a few years ago, I was saying to myself that I’m gonna put a bet that in the next 10 years, there’s not gonna be a Mac OS 10 more, and Apple is just gonna be about iOS. And I think that’s, I’m still believing that. And what then, right? Is there gonna be sort of a Linux based desktop thing that emerges? Is Windows kind of like, finally. Start like a skunkworks team somewhere. They’re just like, let’s throw out like 95% of all the crap and build that. I don’t know. So I was like, should I try to do something about this? It’s really hard to build a business, I think, around the idea of an operating system, especially replacing Windows MacOs, which are just so good, right? They’re just so good and asking someone to just replace that with something is a big ask. 00:41:24 - Speaker 2: Well, maybe the way I would characterize it actually is less about good or not and more just the amount of stuff that needs to go into what people would consider a modern operating system today ranging from hardware support to networking to languages and various kinds of input devices and so on and APIs and the ability to run software and browse the web. and so on is just so huge that it is not something that an individual or even a startup can easily undertake. Hence, it’s only within reach of these incumbents that have these large existing platforms and the rare case of maybe something like Google and ChromoS being able to come in and throw quite a lot of resources and quite a lot of time at the problem. 00:42:09 - Speaker 1: But I think even in the case of Chromois, you would end up in the same place, I think, right? You would have business and money driving the main incentives, right, of like, well, if we make this work for everyone and anyone, we can just make a ton of money and then You have these competing incentives, and more importantly, competing sort of like constraints on those, right? You’re gonna need sandboxing, you’re gonna need all of these safety features, right? You’re not gonna allow people to like mess around with the OS because then most people are not gonna like know what they’re doing, right? And so I think the only way to go about this is to not trying to build an operating system or computing environment that fulfills all the expectations we have. But rather to just change our expectations or offer sort of like a, imagine like a picture on the wall, right? It’s a big picture is very complicated. And you’re very familiar with this picture, and now you’re putting a smaller picture, a much simpler picture next to it on the wall. And you say, you know, you can walk around, you can look at the simple picture, still have this big picture. And I think like, offering this idea of like, what if we shift our expectations a little bit, right? Maybe we do that just in the mode of playful software. So where Playbit started out was as more of an ambitious idea of an actual operating system. And ideas of, you know, I have like a GPU and stuff like that on a remote computer and people has time shared this because GPUs, there’s a kind of, I think a very important slightly concerning environmental impact. And right now we’ve seen this with all the foundry issues, right? And, you know, TSM and stuff like that, right? Like having issues creating ships, right? Because rare earth’s limitations, and this is mostly, you know, impacted by COVID and stuff like that, to my understanding, but still, you buy like an Nvidia high-end GPU today, and it’s very possible that a year from now, you’re gonna have to replace it with a new one, right? Because that industry has moved so quickly. And how often are you gonna use all that power, right? Probably not all the time, right? You’re gonna use that in virt a little here and there. So there’s this crazy shirt on hardware, especially if you’re in the PC world, right? Macs tend to have a longer lifetime, I think. And now I’m talking about like high end kind of high-end hardware. So this is kind of where I started and I got a lot of feedback from a lot of people who I was speaking with to try to understand, you know, and try to navigate what this would mean, and if this was crazy, and I think it was kind of like, it’s probably a little too early, and I think the approach to making this kind of change needs to happen differently. And so, through a pretty slow boil and slow process of just doing a lot of iteration, what is playbit sort of like just came out of this. So the very concretely, I think that Playbit is probably more similar to a web browser or Flash, technologically speaking. And, you know, jump in here if I’m taking this too far or there’s any curiosities to it, but I think the web is successful for a couple of different reasons, right? But one of the reasons is this uniform programming environment, this uniform runtime environment. You know, if I make this little like web program, right, and I tossed it over to you, you can use pretty much any OS, any web browser, and I have a pretty good idea that C is gonna run the same way for you. And this wasn’t always true. I think in the last 10 years this is kind of solidified to be like pretty much true. And I think that’s really remarkable, right? 00:45:32 - Speaker 2: I’ll add on to that, that, yeah, not only does it fulfill the right ones run anywhere, it was a dream of a lot of platform technologies including Flash and Java and so on, but it does it in a way that is sort of instantaneous to download and run. And then, by far the most important part of it, I think, is the sandboxing. It really gets that right. I can completely trust my program to download a program from a website. A website is a program now, a very sophisticated one potentially with all the JavaScript can do. And I can trust that I can just point my browser to URL that I don’t know who’s on the other side of that, and it will download and run that because the sandboxing is essentially perfect within that tab. It can’t go out and access the rest of my computing device. As far as I know, no other computing environment has achieved that. 00:46:23 - Speaker 1: Well, I’d say the Flash did achieve that, and I think that Flash was really brilliant in many different ways. The demise of Flash, I think, has reasons that are really unrelated to its user experience or development experience is mostly, you know, kind of a monolith owned by a single corporation, right? But the model, yeah, think about Flash or think about the web, I think it’s kind of the same thing. That model is really interesting to me and I think the one. Piece of the foundation for creating a culture where you feel empowered to play around with software and to make little fun programs is some sort of safety. And I think that’s what the sandbox does. The good part of a sandbox that you’re talking about Adam is I’m never writing perfect code, right? I’m gonna do something and I’m gonna run it and maybe like delete all the things, right? If I run it on a sandbox, it’s just gonna delete all the things in the sandbox, not, you know, my passport from a Dropbox or something like that. So, I think that’s the good part of the sandbox. The bad part, of course, is like, when you want to do something interesting, like, let’s say you have a photo sensor or something connected to a USB and you want to access that, you can’t, and you’re be damn it. And that’s why you have to jump out of if you’re like a web developer, you have to just be, well, I can’t use web for, right? And then usually you’re outside of a sandbox and there’s no sandbox. And in the last couple of years, there’s been this kind of advancement with virtualization, and virtualization sometimes is Mixed up or messed up with like emulation or the idea of like a virtual machine, right? It’s a virtual machine I would think of as a super set of emulation and virtualization. So emulation, when you run a program like let’s say like a Nintendo emulator, right? You have this program that appears to have the original Nest CPU and did they have a co-processor, I can’t remember. And DSP and all these like actual hardware things, right? So the program inside that you load it up things that is running on this hardware and stuff right there. Whereas virtualization is this idea of running the program in a way so that it’s environment, not necessarily it’s hardware, but it’s environment, appears to be that of a unique computer, right? And this is kind of how AWS and Google Cloud and all these things do it, right. And this has been around for quite a long time, probably about 20 years or so as a concept, and probably in the last 15 years it’s been increasingly like common to develop software doing this. Docker is like a popular kind of virtualization environment, right? And now you have these features built into Mac OS since 10.10. You have built into in Windows 10 with Hyper-V, you have it built in in Linux with KVM. And there’s similar things for a couple of other operating systems, right? And this has happened in the last few years. And so I was thinking that why not just make that the sandbox, right? So like, instead of making the sandbox be this, you know, there’s a DOM, right? And you have a JavaScript API and you have a fetch function, you have an array type, and so on, right? That’s sort of like the uniform runtime environment then, you know, you run that in Firefox or Chrome or Safari, that’s just kind of called completely different code, right? Implemented totally different ways, right? That’s sort of like the uniformity. Like what if that’s just like Linux and then, you know. So like when you run a program, instead of running it as JavaScript or something like that, you just run it as whatever programming language you want, you know, Mark can write in Go. And Adam, you can write in Ruby, and it’s like totally fine, you can interoperate. 00:50:01 - Speaker 2: Part of the appeal there is something like Flash. You have to use a very specific programming language and APIs through for the web as well. JavaScript is not a language a lot of people love and yet because you want to be on the web, you need to write things in JavaScript and using the web APIs. And so it sounds like this virtualization method lets you use more of the standard world of desktop computing or server computing tools, uh, but with some of those same benefits of the flash or web style sandbox. 00:50:32 - Speaker 1: Exactly. So you have the ability to think about it as this portable little box, right? As a zip file or whatever kind of metaphor you want to use. This little thing that you can copy, you can send to a friend, you can put it on a server, then you can suspend, and you can resume later. That I think is a very powerful concept. Like the idea that I can open a FIMA file or a notion document or something. And I can make some changes to it, and I just close it, right? I toss it away. I evicted from my computer, right? I clean up my work desk, and a week later I go back and it’s retains most of its state, right? I can pick up where I left off. Like, why can’t I have that on a lower level, like, in my experience on the computer? Why can’t that be like below where the windows are? Why is it just taps, right? Why is it not just entire apps or in my entire desktop? What if I had like, you know, 4 buttons on the side of my screen, right? And each button was like one of my different, this is not what I’m built, by the way, but I think this would be fun to have. What if, like, yeah, each button was mapped to one kind of VM in your computer. When you push the button, it’s instantly, like a millisecond swapped your entire computer to another one, then you have 4 computers at the reach of like a thumb, right? Yeah, so I think there now is a really good time to take this idea for a spin, and this is kind of like the technical approach to Playbit, what it is as a piece of software. And again, the goal of Playbit is not to build this piece of software. The goal of Playbit is to create and encourage like the development of small scale personal software. Maybe we can get into that more a little bit later. So like, when I’m building it right now and what I’m trying to get out in the next couple of months is kind of a Macintosh application, and I’m sure I can make a Windows app and Linux up and stuff. So Macintosh application, you start it up, and what it does is that it uses the the hypervisor of Mac OS and it boots up a Playbit OS which is this kind of based on the Linux kernel. It takes like 2 seconds or so to start it, and once it’s started inside there. You have this feature of Linux called namespaces, which you can use to create these kind of little isolated processes, right? So you can run a program and the program thinks that it’s like ha ha, I’m the operating system, I have all the power, and it kind of appears as that and it doesn’t have to be bothered about it and stuff like that. And those would be the little products that you would build and you would kind of play around with. They can crash, they can write stuff to disk, they can mess with the network. None of that is like leaking out to your real computer and not even to like the playbi OS. So the manifestation of it in the first attempt to creating a piece of software that encourages this playful thing, is this very resumable, very sort of like, Kind of stop and go, pick it up, leave it off type of software that you can play around with like today, like on your computer. And the runtime environment that you have is not the web platform, but it’s the Linux OS. So if you want to write things in in JavaScript, you can do that, right? If you want to write things and see, you can do that too. If you want interoperate between these two different things, you can just like write shit to the file system, right? You can use it as a database or you can build around an actual database if you want to. 00:53:47 - Speaker 3: Yeah, one of the reasons I was intrigued by Playbit is it seems to share this aesthetic I have around kind of collapsing the stack down. So I think it’s easiest to explain this in terms of its contrast. I feel like there’s this pathology with modern software systems where we keep adding layers and layers and layers, and that’s a few things. First of all, it tends to make it slower cause you’re going through a bunch of calls. It also tends to reduce your ability to do things because in order to have access to a feature as a programmer, that feature needs to thread through all the layers. So if any layer happens to drop or corrupt a feature, you’ve lost it. This happens a lot with graphics APIs because the original middle layers were designed for bitmaps, and then we changed it out to GPUs underneath. But then the middle layers haven’t kind of fully caught up, so you get this weird like impedance mismatch that means you don’t have access to the full power of the GPU. Anyways. And there’s also this element of you don’t understand what’s going on, because you’re kind of just casting the stone into 19 layers. Of libraries and, you know, who knows what it does, and that to me really interferes with my ability to play because I don’t kind of know what’s happening. I don’t have control over my environment. And I like these platforms, these operating system ideas where you squash that way down, you kind of start from scratch again. OK, we got name spaces and we got the GPU. What can you do now? Well, it turns out it’s a lot if you have a clean slate like that. I’m curious if that aesthetic sense resonates with what you’re trying to do with Playbit. 00:55:07 - Speaker 1: Oh, absolutely. It’s so fun to hear you talk about this, Mark. Yeah, I think that this is very, very real, and it’s something that I care a lot about. I was really early on working and using like no JS and I thought that was very exciting. And I think what ended up happening with MPM I think it’s still like fantastic, you know, both a fantastic group of people and culture and all of that stuff. But by making it really easy to pile stuff on top of stuff, people are gonna do that, path of least resistance, right? That’s why you have like someone who says, oh, look at my web server, it’s just 12 lines of code, wink wink, and the wink is like this package adjacent file that says dependencies, long freaking list, and each of those have a long freaking list of dependencies. And it’s a quick deter to the sandbox thing that we were talking about, like, isn’t it kind of bonkers that like, we don’t dare installing this program on our computer and just run it because, you know, it might just go and delete our hard drive, right? But we’re totally fine. We’re just pulling in some like random ass like MPM packages, right? One of those can just go and like delete your whole hard drive or upload all of