Podcasts about ribbentrop

durée : 00:48:10 - Affaires sensibles - par : Fabrice Drouelle, Franck COGNARD - Aujourd'hui dans Affaires Sensibles, le pacte germano-soviétique. Dans la nuit du 23 au 24 août 1939, les ministres des Affaires étrangères de l'Allemagne nazie et de la Russie soviétique, Joachim von Ribbentrop et Viatcheslav Molotov, signent un accord de non-agression entre les deux pays. - réalisé par : David Leprince

Roberto Casiraghi"The Phair"thephair.com/VI edizione della fiera dedicata alla fotografiada venerdì 9 a domenica 11 maggio 202550 gallerie e il nuovo Talks Program – The Phair OGR Torino(Corso Castelfidardo, 22 - Torino) Torna The Phair | Photo Art Fair, la prestigiosa fiera internazionale dedicata alla fotografia, a Torino per la VI edizione da venerdì 9 a domenica 11 maggio 2025. L'evento si svolgerà nuovamente alle OGR Torino, centro di cultura e innovazione unico in Europa, e riunirà gallerie d'arte e fotografia internazionali, offrendo ai visitatori un'esperienza immersiva tra esposizioni di artisti affermati e talenti emergenti. Ad arricchire il programma di questa edizione arriva il nuovo Talks Program – The Phair, un ciclo di incontri focalizzati sul tema del collezionismo, per cercare un confronto diretto con gli esperti del settore. Per promuovere il patrimonio fotografico nazionale e rafforzare i rapporti con le realtà museali torinesi, The Phair ha avviato una collaborazione con la GAM – Galleria Civica di Arte Moderna e Contemporanea scegliendo di utilizzare come immagine guida di questa edizione Torino, giostra Zeppelin in movimento (1934) di Mario Gabinio, custodita dall'Archivio Fotografico dei Musei Civici. Talks Program – The PhairPer la sua VI edizione, The Phair arricchisce il programma con un ciclo di incontri e approfondimenti dedicati al collezionismo, offrendo al pubblico un'occasione unica di confronto con collezionisti, art advisor, direttori di musei e fondazioni. Da venerdì 9 a domenica 11 maggio, infatti, prenderà vita il Talks Program – The Phair, un percorso che approfondisce il collezionismo privato, corporate e istituzionale. Venerdì 9 maggio Durante il primo giorno di The Phair, alle ore 12:30 si terrà l'incontro Truth in Photography con uno dei più rispettati ed eclettici studiosi di fotografia al mondo Joan Fontcuberta e Denis Curti, direttore artistico di Le Stanze della Fotografia e fondatore della galleria STIL. Alle ore 15:30 si terrà l'incontro The role of Italian photography in the wider, global context. Protagonisti saranno Lucia Bonanni, fondatrice del progetto BDC – Bonanni Del Rio Catalog, l'artista Silvio Wolf, e Carrie Scott, curatrice d'arte e consulente. A moderare sarà Francesca Filippino Pinto, curatrice d'arte e consulente.Alle ore 17:00 si terrà A conversation between an artist and a collector che vedrà protagonisti il fotografo Olivo Barbieri e Antonio Carloni, vicedirettore delle Gallerie d'Italia e curatore del Cortona Photography Festival, e a moderare Denis Curti. Chiuderà la giornata Building a Legacy Collection alle ore 18:30, con Marie-Laure de Clermont-Tonnerre, fondatrice di Spirit Now London, e Sebastian Lux, CEO e curatore della Collezione / Fondazione FC Gundlach, che parleranno insieme con Christian House, giornalista del Financial Times. Sabato 10 maggio Sabato 10 maggio alle ore 12:30 si terrà Building and Supporting a Museum Collection, con Massimo Prelz Oltramonti, collezionista d'arte e mecenate, Marta Weiss, curatrice di fotografia al Victoria and Albert Museum, Luigi Cerutti, Segretario Generale della Fondazione per l'Arte Moderna e Contemporanea CRT, e a moderare Christian House. Alle ore 16:00 si proseguirà con Corporate Photography Collections, che vedrà intervenire Katarzyna Piskorz della Collezione ING in Polonia e l'architetto e collezionista Mario Cucinella. A moderare sarà Simen Yöruk, fondatore di Elipsis Projects e Exhibition Director del Qatar Museum. La giornata si concluderà alle ore 18:00 con il talk Art Photography and the Commercial Market, con il fotografo Bastiaan Woudt, Matthias Harder, direttore e curatore della Helmut Newton Foundation, Tommy Rönngren, Executive Director Hoyningen Huene Estate Archive, e a moderare la consulente d'arte Caterina Mestrovich. Domenica 11 maggio L'ultimo giorno di The Phair vedrà alle ore 12:30, l'incontro Curating a Photography Collection and Prize con la partecipazione di Isabelle von Ribbentrop, direttore esecutivo del Prix Pictet, Ettore Molinario, economista e storico dell'arte, e a moderare Simen Yöruk. Il programma si chiuderà alle ore 16:00 con Private Collections, un confronto tra i collezionisti Robert Popper, Emilio Bordoli, Giorgio Fasol e Clemente Zorzetto, moderati da Brandei Estes, specialista in fotografie, curatrice e consulente. Le gallerie presenti a The Phair 2025Durante i tre giorni di fiera, saranno 50 le gallerie di arte contemporanea e di fotografia presenti, selezionate per garantire un elevato livello qualitativo e una proposta organica, provenienti dall'Italia ma anche da Belgio, Germania, Gran Bretagna e Svizzera. Ogni galleria presenterà progetti artistici incentrati sull'idea di immagine, per rendere Torino un polo di riferimento e di confronto sul tema. Tra le tante, Alberto Damian Gallery parteciperà proponendo un dialogo tra le fotografe Lori Sammartino e Marialba Russo che, pur avendo operato in periodi diversi, condividono affinità stilistiche. A The Phair la selezione delle opere di Lori Sammartino sarà curata personalmente da Marialba Russo che cercherà così un confronto artistico con la Sammartino. A.MORE Gallery parteciperà con un percorso espositivo in cui si intrecciano le visioni di Aldo Salucci e Gianni Melotti, dando vita a un dialogo tra memoria, immaginazione e natura.La galleria Erica Ravenna porterà un percorso espositivo di quattro artisti di diverse generazioni, uniti dall'uso innovativo della fotografia per indagare la natura e i suoi significati profondi: Vincenzo Agnetti, Tomaso Binga, Dominique Lacloche, Begoña Zubero.Alla scoperta di un altro mondo sarà dedicato il progetto espositivo della Galerie P, Un'altra realtà / Another Reality, incentrato sulla fotografia scenografica, tramite le visioni di tre artisti internazionali: Julia Fullerton-Batten, Frédéric Fontenoy e Bart Ramakers. Presente anche la galleria Jaeger Art con le opere di tre artisti di rilievo internazionale, ognuno con un approccio unico alla fotografia: Gregor Törzs,  Bastiaan Woudt, George Hoyningen-Huene. Sarà presente anche la galleria Kuckei + Kuckei con opere di Barbara Probst, Miguel Rothschild e Lilly Lulay, tre artisti che esplorano il linguaggio fotografico con approcci inediti. Fake Reality è il titolo del progetto di MC2 Gallery, che metterà in dialogo le pratiche post-fotografiche di Dune Varela e Pietro Catarinella, due artisti uniti dalla volontà di oltrepassare i confini dell'immagine. Persons Projects dedicherà il proprio spazio alla fotografia concettuale della Helsinki School, il movimento nato a fine anni ‘90 presso l'Università di Aalto, esponendo le opere di tre protagonisti: Santeri Tuori, Mikko Rikala e Milja Laurila. La galleria Tallulah Studio Art presenterà un progetto espositivo che mette in dialogo quattro artisti internazionali – Glen Wexler, Phillip Toledano, Keila Guilarte e Donatella Izzo – ognuno dei quali esplora, attraverso la fotografia, le molteplici sfumature della realtà e della percezioneLa galleria Tucci Russo - Studio per l'Arte Contemporanea porterà una selezione di opere di Jan Vercruysse appartenenti al ciclo Camera Oscura (2001-2002). Poeta fino agli anni '70, Vercruysse ha poi dedicato la sua ricerca all'arte visiva, esplorando il ruolo dell'artista e il significato stesso della rappresentazione. Focus Giovani Artisti The Phair, insieme con l'artista torinese Eva Frapiccini, inaugura un progetto speciale dedicato agli artisti under 40, sia italiani che internazionali. L'iniziativa si propone di individuare e valorizzare 10 voci emergenti più rilevanti della scena contemporanea, esplorando linguaggi innovativi e traiettorie artistiche in evoluzione.I premi di The Phair 2025The Phair incrementa la presenza di premi per artisti e gallerie grazie alla collaborazione con aziende e partner: Premio Fondazione per l'Arte Moderna e Contemporanea CRT, Premio in collaborazione con Just The Woman I Am, Residenza d'Artista Mario Cucinella Architects e Residenza Artistica “Scisti e Vinisti”. IL POSTO DELLE PAROLEascoltare fa pensarewww.ilpostodelleparole.itDiventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/il-posto-delle-parole--1487855/support.

PREVIEW: Author Charles Spicer, "Coffee with Hitler," presents the puzzle of Joachim von Ribbentrop, who joined the NSDAP as a prosperous merchant claiming he could charm London, but turned violently anti-English after being mocked by London society. More later. 1939 Ribbentrop arrives in Moscow

#RUSSIA: EU cannot forgo Russian energy. Michael Bernstam, Hoover.  1939 Ribbentrop arrives in Moscow

La Segunda Guerra Mundial comenzó el 1 de septiembre de 1939 con la invasión alemana de Polonia, pero eso fue posible gracias a un acuerdo que nazis y soviéticos habían alcanzado una semana antes, el pacto Molotov-Ribbentrop, también conocido como Tratado de No Agresión Germano-Soviético. Firmado el 23 de agosto de 1939 entre la Alemania nazi y la Unión Soviética este documento lleva los nombres de los ministros de Asuntos Exteriores de ambos países, Joachim von Ribbentrop y Vyacheslav Molotov, de ahí que se le conozca por ese nombre. Su impacto fue determinante en el estallido de la guerra y estuvo en vigor casi dos años, hasta que Hitler puso en marcha la Operación Barbarroja en 1941. El pacto vino precedido por años de tensiones ideológicas y desconfianza mutua entre los dos regímenes. Uno se decía anticomunista y el otro antifascista, pero las circunstancias geopolíticas de finales de la década de los 30 empujaron a Adolf Hitler y a Iósif Stalin a considerar una alianza de carácter pragmático. Para Hitler el pacto aseguraba que Alemania no tendría que librar una guerra en dos frentes como les había sucedido en la Primera Guerra Mundial, mientras que Stalin veía la oportunidad de ganar tiempo para fortalecer la defensa soviética y recuperar lo perdido tras la revolución de octubre sin tener que vérselas con la oposición alemana. Lo más notorio del Pacto Molotov-Ribbentrop fue el Protocolo Secreto, que no se hizo público hasta después de la guerra. Este protocolo dividía Europa del Este en esferas de influencia. Polonia sería repartida entre Alemania y la URSS; los estados bálticos de Estonia, Letonia y Lituania, junto con Finlandia, caerían en la esfera soviética. Además, se legitimaba la anexión soviética de Besarabia, la actual Moldavia, que entonces formaba parte de Rumanía. Esta partición secreta fue un preludio a las invasiones y anexiones que seguirían, alterando drásticamente el mapa político de Europa. La firma del pacto sorprendió a las potencias occidentales que esperaban que la Unión Soviética se uniera a una alianza contra Hitler. La reacción inmediata fue una mezcla de incredulidad y consternación, especialmente entre los comunistas occidentales que veían en este acuerdo una traición a su ideología. La Comintern les ordenó que culpasen de la guerra al imperialismo y que dejasen de combatir a los nazis y los fascistas. En Alemania, el pacto sirvió para invadir Polonia y rehacer el este de Europa a su antojo. La URSS, entretanto, ocupó la mitad oriental de Polonia, anexionó las repúblicas bálticas e invadió Finlandia. Todo le salió a pedir de boca salvo la campaña finlandesa. Para celebrarlo unidades militares alemanas y soviéticas desfilaron juntas en Polonia. Al pacto de agosto de 1939 se añadieron nuevas disposiciones y protocolos así como un ambicioso acuerdo comercial por el que la Unión Soviética se comprometía a suministrar materias primas a Alemania a cambio de armas y maquinaria. Durante el año 1940 la relación entre nazis y soviéticos fue inmejorable hasta el punto de que se barajó incluso la idea de que la URSS se integrase en el Eje junto a japoneses e italianos. El idilio acabó abruptamente el 22 de junio de 1941 cuando los alemanes invadieron la Unión Soviética con un ataque sorpresa y sin declaración de guerra previa. La URSS se convirtió en uno de los aliados y el el Pacto Molotov-Ribbentrop fue olvidado durante el resto de la guerra. En 1948 los estadounidenses, ya metidos en plena guerra fría, publicaron el protocolo secreto de este pacto para avergonzar a los soviéticos, que de puertas adentro prohibieron hablar de él. La existencia misma del protocolo secreto fue negada por los Gobiernos soviéticos durante décadas hasta que en 1989 ya con la Perestroika en marcha, lo admitieron. En El ContraSello: 0:00 Introducción 4:09 El pacto nazi-soviético 1:14:52 Roma: de la República al Imperio 1:21:28 ¿Cómo financió Inglaterra la guerra de independencia de EEUU? Bibliografía: - “La Segunda Guerra Mundial” de Antony Beevor - https://amzn.to/4gNPN4K - “La segunda guerra mundial contada para escépticos” de Juan Eslava Galán - https://amzn.to/4gLPo2t - “Stalin. Una biografia” de Robert Service - https://amzn.to/4fuoATe - “Causes of the Second World War” de Andrew Crozier - https://amzn.to/4iFumVb · Canal de Telegram: https://t.me/lacontracronica · “Contra la Revolución Francesa”… https://amzn.to/4aF0LpZ · “Hispanos. Breve historia de los pueblos de habla hispana”… https://amzn.to/428js1G · “La ContraHistoria de España. Auge, caída y vuelta a empezar de un país en 28 episodios”… https://amzn.to/3kXcZ6i · “Lutero, Calvino y Trento, la Reforma que no fue”… https://amzn.to/3shKOlK · “La ContraHistoria del comunismo”… https://amzn.to/39QP2KE Apoya La Contra en: · Patreon... https://www.patreon.com/diazvillanueva · iVoox... https://www.ivoox.com/podcast-contracronica_sq_f1267769_1.html · Paypal... https://www.paypal.me/diazvillanueva Sígueme en: · Web... https://diazvillanueva.com · Twitter... https://twitter.com/diazvillanueva · Facebook... https://www.facebook.com/fernandodiazvillanueva1/ · Instagram... https://www.instagram.com/diazvillanueva · Linkedin… https://www.linkedin.com/in/fernando-d%C3%ADaz-villanueva-7303865/ · Flickr... https://www.flickr.com/photos/147276463@N05/?/ · Pinterest... https://www.pinterest.com/fernandodiazvillanueva Encuentra mis libros en: · Amazon... https://www.amazon.es/Fernando-Diaz-Villanueva/e/B00J2ASBXM #FernandoDiazVillanueva #stalin #segundaguerramundial Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

La Segunda Guerra Mundial comenzó el 1 de septiembre de 1939 con la invasión alemana de Polonia, pero eso fue posible gracias a un acuerdo que nazis y soviéticos habían alcanzado una semana antes, el pacto Molotov-Ribbentrop, también conocido como Tratado de No Agresión Germano-Soviético. Firmado el 23 de agosto de 1939 entre la Alemania nazi y la Unión Soviética este documento lleva los nombres de los ministros de Asuntos Exteriores de ambos países, Joachim von Ribbentrop y Vyacheslav Molotov, de ahí que se le conozca por ese nombre. Su impacto fue determinante en el estallido de la guerra y estuvo en vigor casi dos años, hasta que Hitler puso en marcha la Operación Barbarroja en 1941. El pacto vino precedido por años de tensiones ideológicas y desconfianza mutua entre los dos regímenes. Uno se decía anticomunista y el otro antifascista, pero las circunstancias geopolíticas de finales de la década de los 30 empujaron a Adolf Hitler y a Iósif Stalin a considerar una alianza de carácter pragmático. Para Hitler el pacto aseguraba que Alemania no tendría que librar una guerra en dos frentes como les había sucedido en la Primera Guerra Mundial, mientras que Stalin veía la oportunidad de ganar tiempo para fortalecer la defensa soviética y recuperar lo perdido tras la revolución de octubre sin tener que vérselas con la oposición alemana. Lo más notorio del Pacto Molotov-Ribbentrop fue el Protocolo Secreto, que no se hizo público hasta después de la guerra. Este protocolo dividía Europa del Este en esferas de influencia. Polonia sería repartida entre Alemania y la URSS; los estados bálticos de Estonia, Letonia y Lituania, junto con Finlandia, caerían en la esfera soviética. Además, se legitimaba la anexión soviética de Besarabia, la actual Moldavia, que entonces formaba parte de Rumanía. Esta partición secreta fue un preludio a las invasiones y anexiones que seguirían, alterando drásticamente el mapa político de Europa. La firma del pacto sorprendió a las potencias occidentales que esperaban que la Unión Soviética se uniera a una alianza contra Hitler. La reacción inmediata fue una mezcla de incredulidad y consternación, especialmente entre los comunistas occidentales que veían en este acuerdo una traición a su ideología. La Comintern les ordenó que culpasen de la guerra al imperialismo y que dejasen de combatir a los nazis y los fascistas. En Alemania, el pacto sirvió para invadir Polonia y rehacer el este de Europa a su antojo. La URSS, entretanto, ocupó la mitad oriental de Polonia, anexionó las repúblicas bálticas e invadió Finlandia. Todo le salió a pedir de boca salvo la campaña finlandesa. Para celebrarlo unidades militares alemanas y soviéticas desfilaron juntas en Polonia. Al pacto de agosto de 1939 se añadieron nuevas disposiciones y protocolos así como un ambicioso acuerdo comercial por el que la Unión Soviética se comprometía a suministrar materias primas a Alemania a cambio de armas y maquinaria. Durante el año 1940 la relación entre nazis y soviéticos fue inmejorable hasta el punto de que se barajó incluso la idea de que la URSS se integrase en el Eje junto a japoneses e italianos. El idilio acabó abruptamente el 22 de junio de 1941 cuando los alemanes invadieron la Unión Soviética con un ataque sorpresa y sin declaración de guerra previa. La URSS se convirtió en uno de los aliados y el el Pacto Molotov-Ribbentrop fue olvidado durante el resto de la guerra. En 1948 los estadounidenses, ya metidos en plena guerra fría, publicaron el protocolo secreto de este pacto para avergonzar a los soviéticos, que de puertas adentro prohibieron hablar de él. La existencia misma del protocolo secreto fue negada por los Gobiernos soviéticos durante décadas hasta que en 1989 ya con la Perestroika en marcha, lo admitieron. En El ContraSello: 0:00 Introducción 4:09 El pacto nazi-soviético 1:14:52 Roma: de la República al Imperio 1:21:28 ¿Cómo financió Inglaterra la guerra de independencia de EEUU? Bibliografía: - “La Segunda Guerra Mundial” de Antony Beevor - https://amzn.to/4gNPN4K - “La segunda guerra mundial contada para escépticos” de Juan Eslava Galán - https://amzn.to/4gLPo2t - “Stalin. Una biografia” de Robert Service - https://amzn.to/4fuoATe - “Causes of the Second World War” de Andrew Crozier - https://amzn.to/4iFumVb · Canal de Telegram: https://t.me/lacontracronica · “Contra la Revolución Francesa”… https://amzn.to/4aF0LpZ · “Hispanos. Breve historia de los pueblos de habla hispana”… https://amzn.to/428js1G · “La ContraHistoria de España. Auge, caída y vuelta a empezar de un país en 28 episodios”… https://amzn.to/3kXcZ6i · “Lutero, Calvino y Trento, la Reforma que no fue”… https://amzn.to/3shKOlK · “La ContraHistoria del comunismo”… https://amzn.to/39QP2KE Apoya La Contra en: · Patreon... https://www.patreon.com/diazvillanueva · iVoox... https://www.ivoox.com/podcast-contracronica_sq_f1267769_1.html · Paypal... https://www.paypal.me/diazvillanueva Sígueme en: · Web... https://diazvillanueva.com · Twitter... https://twitter.com/diazvillanueva · Facebook... https://www.facebook.com/fernandodiazvillanueva1/ · Instagram... https://www.instagram.com/diazvillanueva · Linkedin… https://www.linkedin.com/in/fernando-d%C3%ADaz-villanueva-7303865/ · Flickr... https://www.flickr.com/photos/147276463@N05/?/ · Pinterest... https://www.pinterest.com/fernandodiazvillanueva Encuentra mis libros en: · Amazon... https://www.amazon.es/Fernando-Diaz-Villanueva/e/B00J2ASBXM #FernandoDiazVillanueva #stalin #segundaguerramundial

por Yaiza Santos La indecencia ha ganado en Francia. ¡Un pacto Ribbentrop-Mólotov redivivo!, lo llamó. Y ¿cómo piensan gobernar Le Pen y Mélenchon y con quién? ¿Acaso juntos? No, no tiene la culpa Macron, como clama la prensa socialdemócrata, y si él fuera el presidente francés, impondría un primer ministro por decreto cada 15 días, ¡hasta que aprendan! Lo pasa muy bien con Gepetto y así lo demuestra en su columna de este jueves. No cree –lo dice algún estudio– que haya una inteligencia creada de izquierdas y una de derechas, pero sí está convencido de que recoge las idées reçues. ¡Qué prodigio –se admiró– que ChatGPT muestre el alma andaluza como lo haría un búlgaro! De la amenaza de Vox a los pactos regionales con el PP solo le interesa la respuesta del PP. Y una vez más, tuvo que reconvenir de nuevo. Feijóo, dijo, es un hombre para gobernar con el PNV y Convergencia, ¡pero ese mundo ya no existe! Lo dirá una y mil veces: si quiere ser un día presidente del Gobierno no le queda más remedio que pactar con Vox y dejar esas reacciones al baño maría. No le extraña el desastre en los resultados educativos de España porque primero es el desastre de Cataluña. No se debe a la inmersión, opinó, sino a los pedagogos y, por supuesto, al ambiente general de decadencia. Rindió homenaje, por cierto, al juez Manuel Marchena, que se despide de la presidencia de la Sala II de la Audiencia Nacional y que fue, en el momento más dramático de este país desde el golpe de Estado del 81, el mejor y más carismático director de aquella orquesta de razón y verdad que fue el juicio al proceso. Comentó un estimulante burning paper que demuestra la superioridad de los que piensan en el futuro, celebró las reflexiones de Mark Lilla sobre no querer saber y sentenció de Joselito –más allá de Pigget y patrocinios–: es lo mejor de España. Y fue así que Espada yiró.   Bibliografía: Mark Lilla, Pensadores temerarios Jordi Pérez Colomé, Newsletter de Tecnología «Pasando del pasado», Personality and Social Psychology Review, 30 de noviembre de 2024 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Le procès de Nuremberg, ouvert le 20 novembre 1945, est le premier tribunal international chargé de juger les crimes de guerre nazis après la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Dans la salle d'audience de Nuremberg, 21 hauts dignitaires du régime d'Hitler, tels que Göring et Ribbentrop, sont accusés de crimes contre la paix, crimes de guerre et crimes contre l'humanité. Dirigé par le procureur américain Robert Jackson, le procès dévoile l'horreur des camps de concentration et le génocide perpétré par les nazis. Face à des preuves accablantes, les accusés se déclarent tous non coupables, tentant de minimiser leur rôle. En octobre 1946, 12 condamnations à mort sont prononcées, et le procès devient un moment fondateur du droit international, symbolisant la victoire de la justice sur la barbarie. Merci pour votre écoute Vous aimez l'Heure H, mais connaissez-vous La Mini Heure H https://audmns.com/YagLLiK , une version pour toute la famille.Retrouvez l'ensemble des épisodes de l'Heure H sur notre plateforme Auvio.be :https://auvio.rtbf.be/emission/22750 Intéressés par l'histoire ? Vous pourriez également aimer nos autres podcasts : Un jour dans l'Histoire : https://audmns.com/gXJWXoQL'Histoire Continue: https://audmns.com/kSbpELwAinsi que nos séries historiques :Chili, le Pays de mes Histoires : https://audmns.com/XHbnevhD-Day : https://audmns.com/JWRdPYIJoséphine Baker : https://audmns.com/wCfhoEwLa folle histoire de l'aviation : https://audmns.com/xAWjyWCLes Jeux Olympiques, l'étonnant miroir de notre Histoire : https://audmns.com/ZEIihzZMarguerite, la Voix d'une Résistante : https://audmns.com/zFDehnENapoléon, le crépuscule de l'Aigle : https://audmns.com/DcdnIUnUn Jour dans le Sport : https://audmns.com/xXlkHMHSous le sable des Pyramides : https://audmns.com/rXfVppvVous aimez les histoires racontées par Jean-Louis Lahaye ? Connaissez-vous ces podcast?Sous le sable des Pyramides : https://audmns.com/rXfVppv36 Quai des orfèvres : https://audmns.com/eUxNxyFHistoire Criminelle, les enquêtes de Scotland Yard : https://audmns.com/ZuEwXVOUn Crime, une Histoire https://audmns.com/NIhhXpYN'oubliez pas de vous y abonner pour ne rien manquer.Et si vous avez apprécié ce podcast, n'hésitez pas à nous donner des étoiles ou des commentaires, cela nous aide à le faire connaître plus largement.

This Day in Legal History: Nazi War Criminals HangedOn October 16, 1946, ten high-ranking Nazi war criminals were executed by hanging after being convicted by the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg. This landmark trial held key figures of Adolf Hitler's regime accountable for crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide committed during World War II. Among those executed was Joachim von Ribbentrop, the former German Foreign Minister, who had played a significant role in Nazi diplomacy, including the negotiation of the non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union. Others included Wilhelm Keitel, head of the German Armed Forces, and Alfred Jodl, a top military strategist.The Nuremberg trials were a historic moment in international law, establishing the precedent that individuals—even heads of state and military leaders—could be held criminally responsible for war crimes. The tribunal addressed the atrocities of the Holocaust, the invasion of neighboring countries, and the brutal treatment of civilians and prisoners of war. The executions followed months of legal proceedings and were seen as a step toward justice for millions of victims. Two of the condemned, Hermann Göring and Martin Bormann, avoided the gallows—Göring by committing suicide the night before the executions, and Bormann being sentenced in absentia, as he was never captured. These trials helped shape modern principles of international law, including the concepts of crimes against humanity and the rule of law in war. Meta Platforms Inc. must face claims by 34 state attorneys general accusing the company of contributing to a youth mental health crisis by getting children hooked on Facebook and Instagram. A federal judge in California ruled that some claims in the lawsuit could proceed, while others were dismissed under Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, which shields internet companies from liability over user-generated content. The states allege Meta's platforms cause mental health issues, like depression, in young users and that the company unlawfully collected data from children under 13. The lawsuit is part of a broader legal push against social media companies like TikTok, YouTube, and Snap, all of which are accused of profiting from the addiction of young users. Meta's spokesperson defended the company's actions, pointing to tools for parental controls and recent changes to Instagram's teen accounts. However, the judge noted that Meta's alleged “public campaign of deception” about the dangers of social media addiction could violate state and federal laws. The ruling also allows claims challenging features like “appearance-altering filters” but limits challenges to infinite scroll and likes. The decision comes alongside similar lawsuits by public school districts alleging social media companies create a public nuisance.Meta Can't Escape States' Claims It Hooked Kids on Platforms (4)The US Supreme Court declined to revive a challenge by Uber and Postmates to California's employment classification law, AB 5, leaving in place a Ninth Circuit ruling. AB 5 requires most workers to be classified as employees, giving them broader protections and benefits compared to independent contractors. Although Uber and other app-based companies are exempt from AB 5 under Proposition 22, which voters approved in 2020, they faced penalties for alleged violations before Prop 22 took effect.Uber and Postmates argued that AB 5 unfairly targeted their industries, claiming the law violated their equal protection rights by exempting other sectors. However, the Ninth Circuit ruled that lawmakers had rational reasons for distinguishing between industries, suggesting that ride-hailing companies were perceived as larger contributors to worker misclassification. The companies petitioned the Supreme Court, but the justices allowed the lower court's decision to stand, effectively ending their constitutional challenge to the law.Supreme Court Stymies Uber's Challenge to California Labor LawCourts in key battleground states are implementing procedures to expedite election-related lawsuits ahead of the November 2024 election to avoid delays in finalizing results. Arizona's Supreme Court recently ordered trial courts to prioritize election disputes, ensuring any challenges, such as those concerning recounts or presidential electors, are resolved quickly. This comes as both Republicans and Democrats have filed numerous lawsuits ahead of the election, and experts predict more legal battles on Election Day over vote counting and certification.Similar measures have been adopted in other battleground states, including Pennsylvania, which shortened the timeframe for appeals to three days, and Michigan, which introduced protocols for handling emergency election-related rulings. These actions are seen as a proactive response to the legal chaos of the 2020 election, when former President Donald Trump and his allies unsuccessfully challenged results with claims of widespread voter fraud. Courts are also preparing for potential security risks, with warnings of increased threats to judges during periods of national tension. Legal experts praise these steps as a way to ensure smooth and timely election litigation.Courts in US battleground states move to swiftly decide election cases | ReutersMy column for Bloomberg this week discusses how the IRS can solve the issue of stolen tax-refund checks, increasingly a major issue, by embracing technology. Despite the availability of direct deposit, many taxpayers still rely on paper checks, which are vulnerable to theft. I argue that the IRS should offer secure digital refund cards, similar to the electronic benefits transfer (EBT) cards used in welfare programs, for taxpayers without bank accounts. These cards can be mailed securely, with separate deliveries for the card and its PIN, reducing theft risks.For those who prefer physical checks, I suggest allowing taxpayers to pick them up at secure locations like post offices, where the checks could be activated upon identity verification. This method would work like a software kill switch for smartphones, rendering checks useless if stolen before activation. Additionally, an optional mobile app could provide tracking, security, and refund management features for tech-savvy taxpayers.These solutions would enhance refund security while ensuring flexibility and accessibility. The IRS should also collaborate with local organizations to help taxpayers navigate these new systems, ensuring no one is left behind in the transition to a more secure refund process.Secure Digital Tax Refund System Can Solve Stolen Check Problem This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

This Day in Legal History: Nazi Leaders Convicted at NurembergOn September 30, 1946, the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg delivered its final verdicts, marking a pivotal moment in legal history. The tribunal, established by the Allied powers after World War II, tried 24 high-ranking Nazi officials for crimes against peace, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. Of those tried, 22 were found guilty. These included prominent Nazi figures such as Hermann Göring, Rudolf Hess, and Joachim von Ribbentrop. The Nuremberg Trials were the first of their kind to hold government officials individually accountable for atrocities committed under state authority, laying the groundwork for modern international criminal law.The court sentenced 12 of the defendants to death by hanging, while others received long prison sentences. Three were acquitted. These proceedings also set legal precedents, defining acts like genocide and war crimes more clearly in the context of international law. Nuremberg solidified the principle that following orders is not a defense for committing atrocities, a key doctrine in future human rights cases. The trials emphasized accountability, no matter how high the official's rank, and underscored the need for justice following war and genocide.Ahead of the 2024 presidential election, Republicans have launched a wide-ranging legal campaign to challenge voting processes, with particular focus on states like Arizona, where the race between Donald Trump and Kamala Harris is extremely tight. A lawsuit by the America First Legal Foundation, founded by Trump advisor Stephen Miller, seeks to empower courts to nullify election results due to procedural errors by local officials and order new rounds of voting. This case, which legal experts view as a long shot, reflects a broader Republican strategy to sow doubts about the election's legitimacy before votes are cast. The Republican National Committee is involved in over 120 lawsuits across 26 states, aiming to impose stricter voting rules, which they argue will restore faith in election integrity.Republicans, still asserting widespread fraud in the 2020 election despite court rejections, are pursuing these challenges earlier than in 2020, attempting to preemptively influence election outcomes. Legal experts warn that these lawsuits could cause chaos and confusion, potentially opening doors for political intervention in election results. Democrats argue the efforts are designed to undermine trust in the election system in case of Republican losses, while both sides are gearing up for further legal battles over voting restrictions and access.Republicans lay legal groundwork for election challenges | ReutersEpic Games has accused Google and Samsung of conspiring to limit competition in the app market, filing a lawsuit in U.S. federal court. The suit centers around Samsung's Auto Blocker, a mobile security feature that Epic claims discourages users from downloading apps outside of Google's Play Store and Samsung's Galaxy Store. Epic argues this reduces consumer choice and violates U.S. antitrust laws by making it harder for users to access potentially cheaper apps from rival sources. Epic CEO Tim Sweeney said Google falsely positions itself as protecting users by blocking apps from “unknown sources,” despite previously distributing "Fortnite" itself.Samsung, which introduced Auto Blocker in late 2023 as a security measure, denies the allegations and claims the feature is designed for user safety. The company stated that users can disable Auto Blocker if desired. Epic believes the feature undermines a U.S. court ruling in December 2023, which was expected to increase app availability from third-party sources. Epic plans to raise these concerns with EU regulators, citing Google's long-standing scrutiny over anticompetitive practices. This follows Epic's earlier legal battles with Google and Apple over high app store commissions, which led to "Fortnite" being temporarily banned from both platforms.Epic Games accuses Samsung, Google of scheme to block app rivals | ReutersJudge Colm F. Connolly recently criticized lawyers in a patent-funding investigation, suggesting they were not truly representing their client, Lori LaPray, a Texas paralegal who owns Backertop Licensing LLC. LaPray owes a $53,000 contempt fine for failing to appear in court, linked to Connolly's probe into patent-monetization firm IP Edge LLC. The judge maintained the fine but implied LaPray was a pawn in a larger scheme orchestrated by IP Edge and advised her to seek independent legal counsel. Connolly's actions are rare, with legal experts noting that questioning an attorney's loyalty to a client in open court could lead to wider scrutiny of their conduct. The investigation focuses on whether IP Edge and related entities, like Mavexar LLC, have violated court disclosure requirements designed to ensure transparency about who benefits from patent litigation. Connolly has already sanctioned multiple attorneys involved in IP Edge cases and warned that reducing LaPray's fine would signal tolerance for deception. The judge has referred several cases to the Justice Department, reflecting his broader effort to address misconduct in patent litigation, which critics say often obscures the real parties behind lawsuits. Connolly's approach contrasts with other judges who may not prioritize uncovering the true interests in litigation, despite concerns over transparency.Judge's Rare Rebuke of Lawyers Shakes Up Patent-Funding Probe This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

Programa en vídeo en You Tube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BqBUTsnNnT4 Canal de Telegram para No perderte Nada! https://t.me/segundaguerramundialtelegram Canal de Whatsapp https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaSmnrC0QeatgWe2Lm27 ¿Cuáles fueron los mayores duelos blindados de la Segunda Guerra Mundial? ¿Qué ases panzer combatieron en ellos? ¿Cómo fue cada una de estas hazañas individuales? ¿Quién de ellos estuvo más cerca de caer abatido? ¿Qué carros de combate fueron los que más acciones individuales protagonizaron? ¿Quiénes fueron los ases más famosos de la Wehrmacht? A continuación, en este programa, os traemos una recopilación de 5 duelos blindados intrigantes de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.

Join Alina and Rogr Moorhouse as they talk about the pact between Nazi Germany and Stalinist Russia and find out why Roger calls Molotov a man with an ego but not very intelligent... Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

85 ANOS DO PACTO RIBBENTROP-MOLOTOV, 1939: O POLÊMICO ACORDO DE STALIN COM HITLER - ANÁLISE DE BRENO ALTMANO jornalista e fundador de Opera Mundi, Breno Altman, apresenta o programa 20 MINUTOS ANÁLISE nesta sexta-feira (23/08) com o tema "85 anos do Pacto Ribbentrop-Molotov", acordo assinado em 1939 entre Stalin e Hitler. Não perca! Ao vivo, a partir das 11h, aqui em Opera Mundi!

Im heutigen Podcast sprechen wir über den Ribbentrop-Molotow Pakt, der auch als die IV Teilung Polens bezeichnet wird. Und pünktlich mit der Gamescom in Köln blicken wir auf die polnische Gaming-Industrie

Faites un don et recevez un cadeau : http://don.storiavoce.com/ Symbole de la capitulation des démocraties françaises et anglaises face au totalitarisme allemand, les accords de Munich du mois de septembre 1938, qui interviennent quelques semaines après l'Anschluss, précipitent l'Europe dans l'abîme. Dans un livre magistral, Maurizio Serra revient d'abord sur les conséquences politiques de la Grande Guerre. Il s'attarde ensuite sur les différents acteurs de ce drame, dont la Tchécoslovaquie est la victime expiatoire. Qui était Chamberlain ? Est-il le seul père de la politique dite d'apaisement avec l'Allemagne ? Quel rôle joue la France de Daladier, et comment Mussolini va savoir tirer profit de l'événement, au point d'en faire son dernier succès diplomatique ? Comment Hitler va abandonner le plan extrémiste de Ribbentrop, afin de mieux poursuivre ses desseins machiavéliques ? L'invité : Maurizio Serra de l'Académie française, diplomate de profession, est aussi historien. Avec Le Mystère Mussolini (Perrin, 500 pages, 25 €), il a complété sa fresque magistrale publiée chez Grasset de grands auteurs italiens du XXe siècle, commencée avec Malaparte, vie et légendes (couronné en 2011 par le Goncourt de la biographie et le prix Casanova), poursuivie avec Italo Svevo ou l'antivie et D'Annunzio le Magnifique (Prix Chateaubriand 2018 et Prix du Livre incorrect 2018), ouvrages qui ont remporté l'adhésion de la critique et du public, déjà traduits en plusieurs langues. Son dernier livre s'intitule Munich 1938. La paix impossible (Perrin, 389 p., 24€). *** Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/HistoireEtCivilisationsMag Instagram : https://www.instagram.com/histoireetcivilisations/ Twitter : https://twitter.com/Storiavoce

PREVIEW: #HITLER: Conversation with author Sean McMeekin about his book "STALIN's WAR: A New History of World War II," which discusses how Stalin signaled to Hitler in the Spring of 1939 that he was ready for an alliance. This alliance would allow Stalin to gain part of Poland and to compel England and France to go to war with Germany, leading to their mutual destruction. More details to follow later. Stalin's War: A New History of World War II, Sean McMeekin, with Kevin Stillwell as narrator. Published by Basic Books.  Audible Audiobook – Unabridged https://www.amazon.com/Stalins-War-New-History-World/dp/B08XW52WNY/ref=sr_1_1?crid=15RCHF0X357CE&keywords=mcmeekin+stalins+war&qid=1644188471&s=books&sprefix=mcmeekin+stalins+war%2Cstripbooks%2C67&sr=1-1 Motovo, Ribbentrop, Stalin, August 1939

Los juicios de Núremberg fueron el primer proceso penal desarrollado en cuatro idiomas. Corresponsales de todo el mundo acudieron a la tribuna de prensa para relatar las causas contra Rudolf Hess, Joachim von Ribbentrop y otros altos cargos del nazismo. Y todos esos escritores y periodistas se alojaron en un mismo castillo: el castillo de Faber-Castle. El historiador Uwe Neumahr se cuela en cada cámara del castillo en su nuevo ensayo, publicado por Taurus. Además, los culturetas charlan sobre "Manhunt", una ficción histórica con tintes de thriller.

Los juicios de Núremberg fueron el primer proceso penal desarrollado en cuatro idiomas. Corresponsales de todo el mundo acudieron a la tribuna de prensa para relatar las causas contra Rudolf Hess, Joachim von Ribbentrop y otros altos cargos del nazismo. Y todos esos escritores y periodistas se alojaron en un mismo castillo: el castillo de Faber-Castle. El historiador Uwe Neumahr se cuela en cada cámara del castillo en su nuevo ensayo, publicado por Taurus. Además, los culturetas charlan sobre "Manhunt", una ficción histórica con tintes de thriller.

Decision ends review of Hamilton Fish III actions Trustees for the Desmond-Fish Library voted overwhelmingly on Saturday (March 9) to retain its name after a review triggered by allegations that namesake Hamilton Fish III was a Nazi sympathizer who helped spread propaganda for the regime. Just four of the 22 trustees in attendance - far short of the three-fourths majority needed to change the name on Desmond-Fish's charter - voted against a motion to keep the name of the library, which Fish co-founded in 1980 with his third wife, Alice Curtis Desmond. The vote capped a process that began in response to a review of Fish's actions in the 1930s by Rachel Maddow in an MSBNC podcast called Ultra. In the series and a subsequent book in which she mentions in passing the discussion over renaming the library, Maddow examined how fascist leaders in the U.S. in the years before World War II attempted to undermine democracy. Maddow focused in the series' fifth episode on alleged complicity by Fish and other members of Congress, leading the board to form a committee composed of three trustees, two library staff members and five residents. In a report released in February, the committee said it had failed to reach a consensus on stripping Fish's name from the library, although seven supported doing so in two informal votes. But there was much less support among the board. Many of its members said that statements by Fish minimizing the dangers of the Nazis stemmed from his opposition to U.S. involvement in World War II because of his experiences leading a regiment of Black troops in World War I, as well as his dislike for President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Supporters for keeping the name also said that Fish wholeheartedly backed U.S. involvement after Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941, and that he accumulated a lifetime of achievements, including supporting the establishment of Israel and creating the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. "People who have fought in battle will tell you that war changes you," said Hamilton Fish V, one of the library's trustees. "My grandfather declared when he returned from Europe that he would never again have a hand in sending an American soldier to fight on foreign soil." Neal Zuckerman, one of the four voting to rename Desmond-Fish, said he did not see any evidence that Fish was antisemitic, but that he did have "flirtations" with fascism and was "adjacent" to efforts by Nazi agents to distribute propaganda using the mailing privileges of congressional members. Fish denounced Germany's persecution of Jews, but once said that he preferred "the Hitler regime to any form of Bolshevism, with its class and religious hatred and avowal of world revolution." In addition, Fish visited Germany in 1938 and met with Joachim von Ribbentrop, minister of foreign affairs for the Nazis. Zuckerman read a passage from Fish's 1991 autobiography in which the then-retired congressman wrote that he regretted not accepting an invitation by Ribbentrop to meet with Hitler on that trip. "Even though these associations were done, as we understand, to help stave off war - given Fish's intense distaste for war - and maybe as a political move to irritate FDR, they were done nonetheless," said Zuckerman. The report issued by the working group recommended a list of possible initiatives, such as strengthening programs such as Holocaust remembrances; adding books by Jewish authors and from other marginalized groups; and replacing Fish's portrait in the library with artwork built on themes such as anti-bias, tolerance and social justice. In line with those recommendations, the library "will continue to host programming that is informative about the era," add a collection of books and online materials about Fish that were created in response to Maddow's podcast and "plan other actions," said the board, which tasked its Executive Committee with directing those efforts.

De ce unii delegați ai RSSM nu au votat condamnarea Pactului Ribbentrop-Molotov pe 24 decembrie 1989

So in this episode Laura, Krys and Dean discuss Valentines Day, mostly in Krysta's corner before we dig into the life of Harry Oakes. We discuss his life, how he discovered his fortune, how he met his young wife and became a British Citizen and earned the title of Baronet as he settled in the Bahamas. The Bahamas was governed by the Duke of Windsor, the former King of England Edward the VIII and his American wife the Duchess of Windsor. We learn about his murder, how someone attempted to set the body on fire using insecticide and then we discuss suspects, the bungling of the investigation and so much more in this man-history-can-be-weird episode of the Family Plot Podcast!!

PREVIEW: From conversation with Charles Spicer, autor of COFFEE WITH HITLER, about how Ambassador (and later Foreign Minister)Joachim von Ribbentrop, having mainained to Hitler that he could charm the British to accept German ascendancy in Europe, turned against London and became a loud voice for war. Coffee With Hitler: The Untold Story of the Amateur Spies Who Tried to Civilize the Nazis by  Charles Spicer  (Author) https://www.amazon.com/Coffee-Hitler-Untold-Amateur-Civilize/dp/1639362266 1939 Ribbentrop arrives in Moscow

OFFERTA DI NATALE NORDVPN Non perderla: vai su https://nordvpn.com/dentrolastoria Sconto esclusivo + 4 mesi extra sui piani biennali di NordVPN! Prova il piano Plus per ottenere NordVPN + NordPass ad un prezzo speciale.Amicizie potenti o semplicemente utili, un titolo nobiliare ereditato da una vecchia zia, un passato da venditore di vini ed una rete di contatti in mezza Europa. Ma chi era davvero Joachim von Ribbentrop? Diplomatico, uomo degli intrighi, abile tessitore di legami, la sua firma è apposta su tanti eventi chiave del periodo nazista: la crisi britannica sotto Edoardo VIII e la regina mancata Wallis Simpson, gli accordi di Monaco, il patto del diavolo con l'URSS per la spartizione della Polonia sono alcuni dei suoi capolavori. Sino alla fine ingloriosa e quasi grottesca, da grigio e balbettante condannato a morte.Il nostro canale Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1vziHBEp0gc9gAhR740fCwSostieni DENTRO LA STORIA su Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/dentrolastoriaAbbonati al canale: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1vziHBEp0gc9gAhR740fCw/joinSostienici su PayPal: https://paypal.me/infinitybeatDentro La Storia lo trovi anche qui: https://linktr.ee/dentrolastoriaDiventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/racconti-di-storia-podcast--5561307/support.

Today we have Klementina Österberg from GU Ventures & Ted Persson from EQT Ventures with us

Det stod klart för de flesta att Nazityskland skulle förlora kriget efter slaget om Stalingrad i februari 1943. Men den svenska samlingsregeringen var långsamma att utnyttja det förhandlingsutrymme som de tyska krigsmotgångarna skapade.Den tyska permittenttrafiken genom Sverige pågick ända fram till i augusti 1943. Och arresteringen av 1200 protesterande norska studenter och deportationerna av de norska judarna väckte bara lama protester från den svenska regeringen. Och avstegen från neutralitetspolitiken gentemot de allierade var försiktigt motvillig.I detta avsnitt av podden Historia Nu samtalar programledaren Urban Lindstedt med historikern Henrik Berggren som är aktuell med boken Landet utanför – Sverige och kriget 1943-1945. Del tre i en trilogi om Sverige under andra världskriget.Historikern Alf W. Johansson har beskrivit regeringens protest mot arresteringen av de norska studenterna den 1 december 1943 som ”en av historiens vändpunkter då historien vägrade vända". Tysklands utrikesminister von Ribbentrop reagerade med ilska på att Sverige lades sig i de ”norsk-tyska relationerna”. Och regeringen gick aldrig från protester till handling gentemot Tyskland.Samtidigt arbetade hela statsmakten för att underlätta de danska judarnas flykt till Sverige i oktober 1943. Förintelsens fasor hade med tiden kommit allt närmare, när grannlandets judar skulle deporteras.Bild: Flyktingar. Folke Bernadottes expedition med de Vita bussarna. Ankomst till Sverige via Helsingborg och Malmö, Foto: KW Gullers, Nordiska Museet, Digitala Museet, Erkännande-IckeKommersiell-IngaBearbetningar (CC BY-NC-ND)Musik: Manhattan Fog av New Library Sounds, Storyblocks Audio.Lyssna också på Sveriges balansakt mellan Sovjet och Nazityskland.Klippare: Emanuel Lehtonen Vill du stödja podden och samtidigt höra ännu mer av Historia Nu? Gå med i vårt gille genom att klicka här: https://plus.acast.com/s/historianu-med-urban-lindstedt. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Nuremberg. L'antre du nazisme, le siège de l'horreur. Pendant plus de 10 ans, cette ville s'est construite autour d'une idéologie nauséabonde, qui coûta la vie à des millions de personnes innocentes. Leur crime était d'être différents et surtout, d'avoir été désignés par un certain Adolf Hitler comme les boucs-émissaires de toutes les difficultés rencontrées par les Allemands. Oui mais voilà, l'issue de la Deuxième Guerre Mondiale était arrivée et Berlin était tombée aux mains des soldats de l'Armée Rouge le 8 mai 1945. Hitler, à cette date, était déjà mort et tout un régime s'était effondré avec lui. Des mois plus tard, tout près de l'immense stade édifié à la gloire des Nazis, une cour de justice des plus spéciales est réunie. Elle est composée de juges issus des nations qui ont mis à bas Hitler et les siens. Et face à eux se trouveront d'ici quelques minutes les pires crapules que le monde ait pu enfanter. Parmi eux, Goering, Van Papen, Keitel, Ribbentrop, Speer… Ces noms, à l'époque dans laquelle nous nous apprêtons à nous transporter, sont synonymes de l'horreur et de la terreur. Nous sommes le 20 novembre 1945, l'atmosphère est lourde, pesante, au milieu d'un tribunal qui n'a rien d'ordinaire. Il est 10 heures, et c'est l'heure H de mon histoire. Merci pour votre écoute Retrouvez l'ensemble des épisodes de l'Heure H sur notre plateforme Auvio.be : https://auvio.rtbf.be/emission/22750 Et si vous avez apprécié ce podcast, n'hésitez pas à nous donner des étoiles ou des commentaires, cela nous aide à le faire connaître plus largement.

Nuremberg. L'antre du nazisme, le siège de l'horreur. Pendant plus de 10 ans, cette ville s'est construite autour d'une idéologie nauséabonde, qui coûta la vie à des millions de personnes innocentes. Leur crime était d'être différents et surtout, d'avoir été désignés par un certain Adolf Hitler comme les boucs-émissaires de toutes les difficultés rencontrées par les Allemands. Oui mais voilà, l'issue de la Deuxième Guerre Mondiale était arrivée et Berlin était tombée aux mains des soldats de l'Armée Rouge le 8 mai 1945. Hitler, à cette date, était déjà mort et tout un régime s'était effondré avec lui. Des mois plus tard, tout près de l'immense stade édifié à la gloire des Nazis, une cour de justice des plus spéciales est réunie. Elle est composée de juges issus des nations qui ont mis à bas Hitler et les siens. Et face à eux se trouveront d'ici quelques minutes les pires crapules que le monde ait pu enfanter. Parmi eux, Goering, Van Papen, Keitel, Ribbentrop, Speer… Ces noms, à l'époque dans laquelle nous nous apprêtons à nous transporter, sont synonymes de l'horreur et de la terreur. Nous sommes le 20 novembre 1945, l'atmosphère est lourde, pesante, au milieu d'un tribunal qui n'a rien d'ordinaire. Il est 10 heures, et c'est l'heure H de mon histoire. Merci pour votre écoute Retrouvez l'ensemble des épisodes de l'Heure H sur notre plateforme Auvio.be : https://auvio.rtbf.be/emission/22750 Et si vous avez apprécié ce podcast, n'hésitez pas à nous donner des étoiles ou des commentaires, cela nous aide à le faire connaître plus largement.

Alex Ribbentrop joins the Allies in Recovery hosts to discuss intergenerational trauma, substance use, the importance of family, and finding connection. Alex is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, Qualified Supervisor, EMDR Trained Clinician, and Certified Family Trauma Professional, practicing in Virginia, Maryland, and Florida.

On this day in legal history in 1946 the Nuremberg executions were carried out, following the trials of ten high level officials of the Third Reich.On October 16, 1946, a somber chapter in the aftermath of World War II closed with the Nuremberg executions. Ten prominent members of the Nazi regime were hanged, marking the end of the historic Nuremberg trials that sought justice for crimes against humanity, war crimes, and genocide. The executed men included Hans Frank, Wilhelm Frick, Alfred Jodl, Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Wilhelm Keitel, Joachim von Ribbentrop, Alfred Rosenberg, Fritz Sauckel, Arthur Seyss-Inquart, and Julius Streicher. Hermann Göring, another top Nazi official scheduled to be executed, evaded the noose by committing suicide the night before.These executions took place in the gymnasium of Nuremberg Prison and were carried out by the United States Army. Master Sergeant John C. Woods and his assistant, military policeman Joseph Malta, were the executioners. They used the standard drop method instead of the long drop, which led to considerable controversy as some of the men did not die quickly from a broken neck, but slowly strangled to death. Reports indicated that some hangings took from 14 to 28 minutes, leading to claims of botched executions, which the Army later denied.The order of the executions began at 1:11 a.m. with von Ribbentrop and spanned just about two hours. The condemned men were allowed final statements, many of which expressed a mix of nationalistic sentiments, pleas for peace, and even denial of guilt. For instance, Ribbentrop's final words were a wish for understanding between East and West, and for peace in the world. On the other hand, Fritz Sauckel claimed his innocence and asked God to make Germany great again.Kingsbury Smith of the International News Service provided an eyewitness account, complete with photographs, that later appeared in newspapers. The initial belief was that the bodies were taken to Dachau for cremation. However, they were actually incinerated in a crematorium in Munich, and the ashes were scattered over the river Isar.The Nuremberg executions and the trials that preceded them remain landmarks in the evolution of international law and human rights. While they meted out justice to some of the perpetrators of the Holocaust and other wartime atrocities, they also ignited debates on judicial ethics and the very nature of evil. Thus, October 16 serves not just as a grim remembrance of the punishment meted out to some of history's worst criminals, but also as a milestone in the ongoing global dialogue about justice and accountability.Judge David R. Jones, a top U.S. Bankruptcy Judge for the Southern District of Texas, has resigned amid an ethics investigation. The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals issued a formal misconduct complaint against him for not disclosing his live-in relationship with Elizabeth Freeman, an attorney at Jackson Walker LLP, a prominent bankruptcy firm. In a statement, Jones said he had become a "distraction" to the court's work and resigned to refocus attention on the court. His departure may trigger further scrutiny of the high-profile Chapter 11 cases he had overseen, including those involving Neiman Marcus, JCPenney, Seadrill Ltd., and Chesapeake Energy.The misconduct complaint was lodged by Chief Judge Priscilla Richman of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, which has jurisdiction over federal courts in Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. Freeman and Jones have lived together since 2017, and Jones approved attorney fees for Jackson Walker and even recommended Freeman for professional positions without disclosing their relationship. Richman stated there was "probable cause to believe that Judge Jones has engaged in misconduct."Jackson Walker learned of the relationship allegation in March 2021 and instructed Freeman to stop working on cases overseen by Jones. The firm claims to have acted responsibly, including conducting a full inquiry and consulting external ethics counsel. Freeman left the firm in late 2022. Jones was sworn in as a bankruptcy judge in 2011 and was instrumental in making the Southern District of Texas a popular venue for large corporate Chapter 11 cases.Jones defended his actions by stating he and Freeman were not married and that he had no economic interest in her cases. However, Richman cited instances where Jones violated the code of conduct for U.S. judges, including not recusing himself where impartiality could be questioned. The Department of Justice's bankruptcy watchdog also questioned a bankruptcy plan mediated by Jones involving a party represented by Freeman.As of now, it is unclear whether the federal appeals court investigation into Jones will continue post-resignation. Legal experts suggest the case could have long-term ripple effects, raising questions about what other judges or firms may have known about the relationship. Calls for larger reforms in bankruptcy practice have also been ignited, emphasizing the need for expanded disclosures and better regulation.Texas Bankruptcy Judge Resigns After His Ethics Questioned (2)Top US bankruptcy judge resigns amid ethics inquiry | ReutersCalifornia Governor Gavin Newsom has signed into law a bill to regulate the state's cryptocurrency industry, which hosts nearly a quarter of all blockchain companies in North America. The legislation comes in the wake of issues like last year's collapse of the FTX exchange and aims to establish a basic regulatory framework. Newsom, who is a proponent of blockchain innovation, had previously vetoed similar legislation but suggests that the current measure may still require further refinement for clarity.The law, known as AB 39, is paired with another bill, SB 401, which targets cryptocurrency kiosks, ATM-like machines where cryptocurrencies can be bought or exchanged. Both bills were signed by the governor. AB 39 seeks to replicate New York's licensing system for cryptocurrency businesses, requiring various safety protocols, documentation, and fees. Businesses will also need to disclose if their services are insured and must maintain a customer phone line. Enforcement actions, including revoking licenses and imposing civil penalties of up to $20,000 per day, will be handled by the state Department of Financial Protection and Innovation.SB 401 imposes restrictions on crypto kiosks, capping transactions at $1,000 per day and limiting charges to a maximum of $5 or 15% of the transaction value. Documentation requirements have also been stipulated for greater accountability. Consumer advocates believe that these laws are essential for curbing fraud in the cryptocurrency sector. However, industry groups like the Crypto Council for Innovation, representing companies such as Coinbase and Gemini, have opposed both bills. They argue that the laws need more exemptions for smaller companies and more clarity around the licensing process, while also claiming that the kiosk restrictions could effectively put such businesses out of operation.Gov. Newsom Signs Crypto Licensing Bill in CaliforniaSen. Robert Menendez of New Jersey has been indicted for allegedly acting as a foreign agent for Egypt, which has led to renewed scrutiny of his role in blocking reforms to the Foreign Agents Registration Act (FARA). Menendez, a Democrat, had substantial influence over FARA-related legislation in his capacity as chair of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, a position he stepped down from following a previous corruption indictment. He has been identified as a significant obstacle to legislative efforts to modernize FARA, a law dating back to 1938 that requires disclosure for those acting on behalf of foreign interests.Bipartisan calls for reforming FARA have been growing, especially as the Department of Justice has increased its investigations under the law since 2016. However, comprehensive updates have failed to gain traction. Menendez had publicly blocked an expedited vote on FARA reform in 2020 and also worked behind the scenes to thwart changes to the foreign lobbying disclosure law. His indictment has now raised questions about whether his actions were motivated by a desire to cover his own activities related to Egypt.Menendez explained his 2020 decision to block a FARA package by urging a more comprehensive look at the proposed changes. A spokesperson for Sen. Charles Grassley, who backed the FARA reform, stated that Menendez has not been cooperative on FARA reform since the 2020 defeat of the proposal. Menendez, who is not charged under FARA but under a different statute pertaining to public officials, has denied any wrongdoing.The indictment against Menendez has reinvigorated discussions about the need for FARA reform. Legal experts suggest that his case could be a catalyst for legislative action, much like past scandals have precipitated changes in lobbying laws. The removal of Menendez from his committee position could also remove a significant barrier to FARA reform.The Justice Department alleges that Menendez conspired with officials who should have been registered under FARA, raising the stakes for reforms to the law, which has multiple ambiguities and outdated language. If Menendez is proven to have acted on Egypt's behalf, it could make it difficult for Congress to ignore calls for reform, especially given that Menendez had been urging the DOJ to investigate a Republican politician under FARA.Menendez Indicted as Foreign Agent After Thwarting Related BillU.S. prosecutors are expected to request a judge to restrict former President Donald Trump's public comments about a federal case that accuses him of attempting to overturn his loss in the 2020 election. The hearing is planned by U.S. District Judge Tanya Chutkan and aims to consider Special Counsel Jack Smith's bid to prevent Trump from discussing potential witnesses and making disparaging remarks about prosecutors, court staff, and potential jurors. Smith has pointed to Trump's "inflammatory public statements," including social media attacks, arguing that they could undermine public confidence in the legal process and possibly sway jurors.Trump, who is not expected to attend the hearing, has strongly opposed this request, describing it as an attempt to limit his free speech while he is running for the Republican presidential nomination in 2024. The issue has become an early contentious point, approximately five months ahead of Trump's scheduled trial. The former president is charged with conspiracy to interfere in the vote counting and blocking the certification of the 2020 election, which he lost to Joe Biden.Trump has pleaded not guilty and accuses the prosecutors of interfering with his campaign. This is one of four criminal cases brought against him by federal and state prosecutors this year. Earlier this month, a New York judge issued a gag order against Trump in a civil fraud trial, prohibiting him from speaking about court staff.In a court filing, prosecutors cited comments Trump made on his Truth Social site about potential witnesses, including former Vice President Mike Pence and former top U.S. general Mark Milley. They argue that Trump's remarks are consistent with threatening behavior he exhibited after the 2020 election, which led to threats from his supporters against election officials.Trump's legal team has responded by saying there is no evidence to suggest that his social media posts have adversely affected the case. They accuse prosecutors of trying to impose broad restrictions on Trump's ability to criticize the government. Trump's lawyers argue that the proposed gag order is an attempt by the Biden administration to unlawfully silence its major political opponent.Special Counsel Jack Smith was appointed to provide the investigation a degree of independence from the political leadership of the U.S. Justice Department. Prosecutors have previously refuted allegations of political interference.Prosecutors aim to persuade judge to rein in Trump comments on election case | ReutersMicrosoft has successfully completed its $69 billion acquisition of Activision Blizzard, making franchises like Call of Duty officially part of Xbox. The deal makes Microsoft the second-largest gaming company in the world, surpassing Sony. It also greatly expands the catalog for Microsoft's Xbox Game Pass subscription service, with Activision Blizzard titles like Overwatch 2, Diablo IV, and World of Warcraft, while boosting Microsoft's presence in mobile gaming through titles like Candy Crush and Call of Duty Mobile. Microsoft has signed a 10-year agreement to keep Call of Duty on PlayStation but may make other Activision Blizzard franchises exclusive to Xbox.The acquisition expands Microsoft's gaming business by roughly 10,000 employees. Activision Blizzard CEO Bobby Kotick will remain with the company through the end of 2023, reporting to Microsoft Gaming CEO Phil Spencer. Microsoft has agreed to union neutrality, and Activision Blizzard employees will have the opportunity to recognize a union through a simple card check process starting 60 days from now.The deal was initially announced in January 2022 after Activision Blizzard faced a drop in stock price due to major game delays and reports of sexual harassment within the company. Contrary to previous expectations that Kotick would resign after the deal, he is set to stay on and stands to make nearly $400 million from the sale via his stock holdings.Legal battles almost derailed the merger, with the Federal Trade Commission attempting to block it, resulting in a week-long trial. However, Microsoft managed to clear the regulatory hurdles, including agreeing to sell cloud gaming rights for Activision Blizzard games in the UK to Ubisoft to satisfy the UK's Competition and Markets Authority.Going forward, Microsoft faces the challenge of integrating Activision Blizzard into its existing gaming operations, a process that is expected to take years. This acquisition significantly amplifies Microsoft's gaming business, coming after its 2020 purchase of Bethesda Softworks' parent company ZeniMax, and sets the stage for future industry consolidation.Microsoft Finally Closes Massive Activision Blizzard Deal, Making Call Of Duty Officially Part Of Xbox Now Get full access to Minimum Competence - Daily Legal News Podcast at www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

Programa completo en vídeo en nuestro canal de You Tube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_pwD7aQxiFo ¿Te apetece hacer un viaje con nosotros a Normandía o las Ardenas? - Escríbenos a viajeshistoriasbelicas@gmail.com ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Redes sociales y Telegram Canal de Telegram para recibir notificaciones y otra información: https://t.me/segundaguerramundialtelegram Twitter: https://twitter.com/BelicasQue https://www.instagram.com/historiasbelicasoficial/ ¿Cómo fue el brutal ataque de los blindados soviéticos al sur de Prokhorovka? ¿Qué pasó con la unidad de Ribbentrop que se encontraba justo en medio de ese ataque? ¿Cómo fue su reacción? ¿Cuáles eran sus fuerzas y contra cuántos blindados soviéticos tuvo que enfrentarse? ¿Qué ocurrió con la zanja antitanque? ¿Cuál fue el resultado final de dicha batalla? A continuación en este programa, analizamos todas las claves de este enfrentamiento desesperado.

On the surface the pact guaranteed that neither side would fight against the other in war. However a ‘secret protocol' also outlined how Eastern Europe would be divided between the two countries in the ...

We've all been there. Networking at a smart party. Presenting to a crowded room. Few of us can naturally project confidence and authority in an intimidating situation; many of us are simply lost for words. Thankfully while being confident at work isn't something we are born with, it is something that can be taught and learned—and without sacrificing our authenticity. In this episode, Pictet's Global Head of Branding Isabelle von Ribbentrop meets Viv Groskop -- a women who has conquered the worlds of journalism, comedy, writing, and broadcasting. She draws on what's she learned about being confident both herself and from others in her book and podcast series How to Own the Room, and now in a new book call Happy High Status. In this conversation, Viv shares her story and her tips for being confident while still being yourself.   Listen more Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Pour vous abonner à nos 300 émissions hebdomadaires d'une heure sans publicité pour seulement 2€ par mois, avec une nouvelle émission chaque jeudi rien de plus simple, cliquez ici : https://m.audiomeans.fr/s/S-tavkjvmo Pour Xpresso, lors du Salon du Livre d'Histoire de Versailles, Frédéric Mitterrand nous parle de son ouvrage . 1938, c'est la veille de la guerre, les Français espèrent encore. Après le « lâche soulagement » des accords de Munich, Hitler envoie son ministre des Affaires étrangères, Joachim von Ribbentrop, à Paris, le 6 décembre, pour signer une déclaration de bon voisinage. Il est reçu avec tous les honneurs de la République. S'agit-il d'une nouvelle ruse du Führer ? Faut-il continuer à réarmer la France à marches forcées ? Pourtant, le pogrom de la Nuit de Cristal, quelques semaines plus tôt, le déchaînement des persécutions antijuives dans toute l'Allemagne… Frédéric Mitterrand retrace avec verve cet épisode méconnu d'une histoire qui s'avérera tragique. Et dont l'écho résonne encore fortement dans la France d'aujourd'hui.

Tredje rikets utrikespolitik präglades av viljan att göra upp med den förnedrande Versaillefreden efter första världskriget och att skaffa sig livsutrymme österut. Här hittar vi själva kärnan i Adolf Hitlers maktambitioner.Storbritanniens ovilja att gå i krig, Frankrikes interna problem och det fascistiska Italiens sidbyte från Västmakterna till Nazityskland gjorde det möjligt för Tredje riket att ansluta Österrike och lägga Tjeckoslovakien under sig utan någon att skjuta ett skott. Men med anfallet mot Polen gick Hitlertyskland ett steg för långt.I denna nymixade repris av avsnitt 137 av podden Historia Nu samtalar programledaren Urban Lindstedt med Martin Hårdstedt, professor i historia vid Umeå universitet, om Tredje Riket. Det är del fem i en serie om Tredje riket som baserar sig på Richard J Evens trilogi om Tredje riket. Den brittiska premiärministern Neville Chamberlains tal om ”fred i vår tid” efter att Storbritannien och Frankrike sålt ut den lilla demokratin Tjeckoslovakien till det aggressiva Tredje riket blev upptakten till det förödande Andra världskriget.Adolf Hitler behöll sina bohemiska vanor som diktator med en flexibel arbetstid vilket lämnade utrymme för hans medarbetare att utöva makten under hård intern konkurrens. Han höll sig borta från att detaljstyra ekonomisk politik eller arbetsmarknadspolitik utan drog upp de övergripande riktlinjerna där medarbetarna fick fylla i det finstilta. Men Hitler hade två fokusområden där han utövade ett personligt maktutövande -raspolitiken (avsnitt 132) som präglades av en extrem antisemitism och utrikespolitiken som syftade till att göra upp med det förnedrande Versaillefreden och att skaffa Tyskland lebensraum i öst. När nazisterna tog makten efter riksdagsbranden 1933 och systematiskt krossat alla andra partier påbörjades arbetet med att omforma Tyskland efter den nazistiska ideologin. Allting nazisterna gör vid makten är en förberedelse inför det eftersträvade kriget. Bild:Münchenöverenskommelsen: Neville Chamberlain, Édouard Daladier, Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini och Galeazzo Ciano. Bakom dem syns bland andra Joachim von Ribbentrop och Ernst von Weizsäcker. Bundesarchiv, Bild 183-R69173 / CC-BY-SA 3.0 Musik: Richard Wagner's opera Götterdämmerung: Siegfriedsbegravningsmarsch avthe UnitedStates Marine Corps Band, creative commons; Wiki Media. Läs: Richard J Evens – Third Reich at Power. Vill du stödja podden och samtidigt höra ännu mer av Historia Nu? Gå med i vårt gille genom att klicka här: https://plus.acast.com/s/historianu-med-urban-lindstedt. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

As the newly appointed king, but not yet crowned, Edward VIII secretly told the Nazis he admired, that he was going ‘to concentrate the business of government in himself…. Who is king here? Baldwin or I?' Did Prime Minister Baldwin get rid of the King because he was too pro-Nazi, as Hitler's ambassador to Britain, von Ribbentrop, maintained? Or was there another reason?

Join celebrated female photographers Valerie Belin and Lua Ribeira as they explore the female body in photography in this special episode developed in collaboration with Magnum Photos. This episode is hosted by Prix Pictet executive director, Isabelle von Ribbentrop.  Held live to an audience at Magnum Photos gallery in Paris during Paris Photo in November, this podcast is part of the ‘Magnum Photos X Prix Pictet: In Dialogue' a series of talks which celebrate the 75th anniversary of Magnum Photos across the world.  

Czym była "Koncepcja Trzeciej Europy" Józefa Becka? Czy jest on słusznie źle oceniany, a czasem obwiniany o wywołanie wojny? Czy pakt Ribbentrop-Beck był rzeczywiście możliwy? Posłuchajcie w najnowszym odcinku!Kontakt: prochubeczka@gmail.comDla dodatkowych korzyści rozważ wsparcie naszej działalności na patronite: https://patronite.pl/beczkaprochu

Jaki był główny cel podpisania paktu Ribbentrop-Mołotow? Czy tym paktem Stalin wywiódł w pole Hitlera, czy może było odwrotnie? Co ten dokument oznaczał dla całej Europy? Jak dużą rolę odgrywała Polska w kontekście tego paktu? O tym wszystkim posłuchajcie w tym odcinku! Jeżeli podoba Ci się odcinek możesz nas wesprzeć w serwisie Patronite.pl: https://patronite.pl/Podcastwojennehistorie Albo postawić nam symboliczną kawę w serwisie Buycoffee: https://buycoffee.to/podcastwojennehistorie/ Zapraszamy na nasze kanały w mediach społecznościowych: https://www.facebook.com/Podcast.Wojenne.Historie https://www.instagram.com/podcastwojennehistorie https://twitter.com/WojenneH https://www.tiktok.com/@podcastwojennehistorie

In a very rare occasion, today's episode brings together two Prix Pictet shortlisted photographers, from two separate Prix Pictet cycles, in conversation with our Executive Director, Isabelle von Ribbentrop. Recorded live to an audience at Somerset House during Photo London, Namibian photographer Margaret Courtney Clarke, who was shortlisted for our 8th cycle on the theme of Hope for her series ‘Cry Sadness into the Coming Rain' and Austrian and Nigerian photographer David Uzochukwu, who is currently shortlisted for our 9th cycle Fire for his series ‘In the Wake', dissect technique, passion and identity.

Audio Transcript: Heavenly father, we glorify you. We focus our full attention upon you right now. Help us remove any distractions, any worries, any anxiety and help us focus only on you. We glorify you often in our lives. You're just too small because we aren't glorifying you. We're glorifying things ourselves. We pray, remove all of that and help us focus on Jesus Christ on his life, his death, his burial, his resurrection. And because of all of everything he's done, we have access to the presence of God with a righteousness that is not our own. That's the prerequisite to be in the family of God to have a righteousness that is perfect.We thank you that when we repent of sin, believe in you, Jesus, you give us that righteousness as a gift. And we thank you, Holy Spirit that you are with us today. And I pray Holy Spirit, minister to us, minister to our souls. If there's any heartache or heartbreak, I pray today. Send healing and help us revel in this truth and help us go deeper into it. What does it mean that I'm justified by grace through faith? Holy Spirit ignite our hearts to then live out this incredible, incredible calling and identity. And we pray, all this in Christ holy name. Amen.So I'm walking down the street today on the way to church and I'm in the zone. If you know me, when I'm in the zone, I don't really notice anything else. I'm in the zone. And then these two ladies are walking in my direction and one of the ladies points at me and says, "That guy is definitely going to church."I broke lots of categories. I've seen the nice lady from the park. My wife knows her and she knows our daughters. And then she's with her friend. She's like, "That guy is a priest." And says, "You're a priest. Right?" And I was like, "Close enough. Priest, rabbi, pastor, whatever." I'm just telling people about God. And then her friend goes, "Where's your church?" And I said, "Mosaic Boston, right there on Beacon Street." She said, "Can I come?" I was like, "Of course you can come."And then I realized a lot of people don't go to church because no one's invited them. So it's just a reminder that we should be inviting people into the house of prayer. Today, the title of sermon is believing against hope in Romans 4:13 through 25. How are we saved by grace through faith? That's the only way we're saved by grace through faith in Jesus Christ.But often we put too much of emphasis on our own faith because faith is how you grow in knowledge of God. We want our faith strength about how do you strengthen your faith? That's the question before us. Especially when everything is hopeless. I'll start with the quote by BB Warfield, tremendous theologian. He says, "The saving power of faith, resides thus not in itself, but in the almighty savior on whom it rests. It is not strictly speaking, even faith in Christ that saves, but that Christ saves through faith." Christ saves through faith.Faith is the instrument by which God saves us and by which we enter into a saving relationship with him. But faith is not our own. Saving faith is not our own. Saving faith is a gift from God. You can't muster saving faith. You can only ask. And when you ask, receive it with humility and exercise that faith. If we could muster our faith, if we're going to even muster an ounce of faith on our own, then we would still get credit a little bit for our salvation.But this is the beauty of Christianity. There is nothing. There is nothing that you can take credit for when it comes to being safe. Salvation is all grace. 100%. You can do absolutely nothing to save yourself. So that gets us into a position of incredible helplessness and hopelessness. I can't do a thing to save myself. And now we have ears to hear the good news of Jesus Christ. We can hear about grace.The context Paul has made clear, whenever any anyone got saved, or get saved, or will get saved, it's only by justification through faith. And he points to the example of Abraham. We talked about that last week. That Abraham, before he offered up Isaac on the altar, even before he obeyed God with circumcision, before all of that, God made him a promise that you will be blessed and I will send you a son.God made that promise. And Abraham believed the promise. And Genesis 15 says, "God counted righteousness to Abraham. Mercy did not eclipse justice. God saves us by satisfying his divine justice on the cross." So the today we're Romans 4:13 through 25. Would you look at the text with me. For the promise to Abraham and his offspring that he would be heir of the world did not come through the law, but through the righteousness of faith. For if it is the adherence of the law who are to be the heirs, faith is null and the promise is void.For the law brings wrath, but where there is no law, there is no transgression. That is why it depends on faith in order that the promise may rest on grace and be guaranteed to all his offspring. Not only to the adherent of the law, but also to one who shares the faith of Abraham who is the father of us all. As it is written, I've made you the father of many nations. And the presence of the God, in whom he believed, who gives life to the dead and calls into existence the things that do not exist.In hope, he believed against hope, that he should become the father of many nations as he had been told, "So shall you offspring be." He did not weaken in faith when he considered his own body, which was as good as dead since he was about a hundred years old, or when he considered the bareness of Sarah's womb. No distress made him waiver earning the promise of God, but he grew strong in his faith as he gave glory to God, fully convinced that God was able to do what he had promised. That is why his faith was counted to him as righteousness.But the words, it was counted to him were not written for his sake alone, but four ours also. It will be counted to us who believe in him, who raised from the dead, Jesus, our Lord, who was delivered up for our trespasses and raised for our justification.This is the reading of God's holy inerrant, infallible, authoritative word may write these eternal truths upon our hearts. And usually at this point in the sermon, I say those three points, the frame of our time together are one, two, three. I have no points today. The reason why I do the points is number one. So you don't think I'm making stuff up on the fly. That actually did work during the week, which I do because I met a guy this week. He's like, "Oh, you're a pastor. So you only work one day a week." I said, "Actually, only 45 minutes. That's it." And he laughed, I laughed. We all laughed. I went home and cried.And then also I do the points, so you can track in your mind how much more do I need to pay attention? Like how much more brain energy. Just follow the verses. We're going to frame up our time with the verses, versus 13 through 25. Verse 13, would you look at the text. For the promise to Abraham and his offspring that he would be heir of the world did not come through the law, but through the righteousness of faith.So God made a promise to Abraham that he would be the heir of the world, and that promise wasn't just given to him, it was given to his progeny, his heirs, everyone that came after him. And earlier in the text, he said, "Everyone who believes Abraham is our father." He continues that same stream of thought here. So God goes to Abraham and he promises, "You're going to be the heir of the world." Heir of what? Heir of everything.What is an heir. An heir is someone who inherits something incredible. So if your grandfather, great uncle died and he was wealthy and he was generous, he includes you in the will. And then you get inheritance. I come from a family of immigrants. My parents came here with $700 in their pocket. My grandfather, who was the only grandparent I had when we immigrated, he came here with nothing. So he saved up over the course of years. And when he died, he had $6,000 in his bank and he wrote out a will. And he is like, "This is what I want you to do with the $6,000. I want you to make an album with pictures of me and my family. And I want you to give one of those albums to every single member of the family."That's a treasured inheritance I got from my grandfather. But if you grew up here and your family has been here for generations, perhaps there's inheritance coming. And that's exciting. We get excited about inheritance. But God promises Abraham and not just money. He promised him that you will inherit or your heirs will inherit everything. Obviously, the only true and proper heir of God the father is God the son. Jesus alone is worthy to inherit the kingdom that God has promised. But through the gift of faith, the righteousness that is imputed by faith, the righteousness of Christ, we're adopted into the family of God. And because we're adopted into the family of God, we're now sons and daughters of God the father with Jesus Christ as our older brother.So thanks to this adoption. Apart from this adoption, we're spiritual orphans. And not just spiritual orphans, we're not children of God, the father. Apart from Jesus Christ, you need to know this is important. Apart from Jesus Christ, you're not a child of God. Jesus makes it clear in the gospel of John that apart from faith in Christ, you are a child of Satan. So we need to believe in Jesus Christ, get the prerequisite righteousness to be adopted into the family of God the father. And when we are adopted, we become co-heirs of the world with Christ.Verse 5 of Matthew 5, this is the Sermon on the Mount. Jesus Christ said, "Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. With the coming of the Messiah, the promise of a land in Canaan, God promised to Abraham, "You're going to get land in Canaan. That's the promised land." Jesus Christ comes and he said, "The meek shall inherit the earth.Canaan So the promise has been universalized to the entire earth and thus, the notion held by contemporary dispensationalist.Do you know what those are? Any Christian that has a lot of charts that loves charts, probably dispensationalist. Just out of nowhere they get a chart and they can timeline, and they can tell you when Jesus is coming back, et cetera, et cetera. The contemporary dispensation, they believe that Israel, because modern day Israel was established that that is the fulfillment of the promise that God gave to Abraham which isn't true.As we shall see, when we get to Romans 9 through 11, the return of the Jews to their Homeland, while in amazing act of God's providence, and perhaps it's related to the conversion that will come of Israel before the end of the age. But the land promise has nothing to do whatsoever with the promise given to Abraham when God made a covenant with him.So Paul follows the lead of the prophets. He follows the lead of Jesus Christ, the Messiah, and he universalizes the promise to extend to the ends of the earth. Way, way beyond the original boundaries of the promised land, the Nile and Euphrates.So what does it mean that Christians, followers of God will inherit the earth. And here we want details. We want all the details, Lord. Give me some details. What kind of land am I getting an inheritance? Lord, can I have some waterfront property, in a very warm location? If you don't like the ocean, Lord, can I have some mountains? I've been living in the city for 13 years. I'm like, Lord, can I just have a parking spot?And when I inherit, whatever, can I just get a park? But we don't get details. It should be enough that God promises that when you believe in Jesus is great, you will live forever in the presence of God and you will inherit the world.My daughters when they were younger, I'd say, "Get in the car. We're going on a trip." And no questions, no questions ever, they're like, "Let's go. Let's go." And now that they're older, they're like, "I need a detailed itinerary. I need to know if this trip is worth it." This past week, our family got invited to go... My friend is a minister at Brown University, Athletes in Action, and they were doing a senior sendoff where he's like, "Can you come give them a charge?" And I gave them a charge. I said, "You're going to need to tremble before God's word." It was tremendous.I brought my daughters. I was like, "Little ladies, let's go. I want you to meet these college athlete, men and women. They're scholars. They're athletes. They're Christians. They work hard. They love the Lord. They've got a tremendous pain tolerance. They're doing great." And then my girls are like, "Well, who's going to be there? What kind of food are we going to have? Will there be any children? "And Milana is like, "Will there be any toys?" Because apparently when you're four and you go to someone else's house, all the toys are brand new. They're all brand new.And that's what we want. I'm like, "We're going to have fun. We're going to be together. We're going to make it..." And it was good. Details don't matter as much with the Lord. I promised you eternal life. I promised you an inheritance. The more important question isn't the details of the inheritance, the more important question is can I lose my inheritance or can I get more of the inheritance?Well, first, no, you can't lose the inheritance because the inheritance doesn't depend on your performance. The inheritance that God is offering isn't based on your perfection., It's based on the direction of your life. Are you following Jesus Christ? The moment you repent of your sins and you turn to Jesus Christ, you're justified by grace through faith.Now you are son, a daughter of God. You will get an inheritance. You can't lose that inheritance, but you can get more of that inheritance. And this is 1 Corinthians 3, one of the classic sermons ever preached at Mosaic. It's in the app. Pastor Andy Davis preached a sermon called how much heaven do you want? I go back to that sermon all the time. One of the most powerful. He's like, how much do you want? How much heaven do you want to inherit? And he talks about the capacity to experience the presence of God. That's expanded here in this life and the next life.Once that capacity expands, you get to experience more of God. So yes, it's only by faith that we're save. It's only by faith that we get an inheritance, but that faith needs to be authenticated with obedience or else it's not true faith. I say the direction of life, because I think of Christianity like this because Jesus Christ talked about this in the Sermon of the Mount. He said, "Look, the way that leads to destruction is broad, and there's a lot of people going down that path. But the way that leads to life is narrow. It's straight and narrow."So it's like you're going through life, going through life, going from broadened path. And the God just stops you. He stops you. He elects you. He saves you. He gives you the gift of faith, gift of repentance. All of a sudden you're sealed with the Holy Spirit and he turns you around. And that's what repentance is, a change of mind, change of heart, change of direction. And then he puts you on the straight and narrow and he says, "Follow me."He locks you into this path. Another way to think about it is I think about it like a rollercoaster. Like you were on a roller coaster going to hell. You were on that. And then God takes you off that ride. It's terrible. It feels like fun, but you're on hell. And then he puts you on the ride going straight to heaven. You sit down. He locks you in with grace. You can't get out. The teaching of grace and salvation. You can't get out.And if you want to get out, you should tell me, and then I'll point you to Hebrew 6 and Hebrews 10, which is like, "No, no, you don't want to get out." It locks you in. And on the rollercoaster, sometimes there are highs and you're like, "Christianity is the best. Jesus is coming back soon. People are getting saved. And then sometimes, the rollercoaster goes down and you're like, "Jesus, could you please come back? Got it ready. Ready to go." It's up and down. But the obedience needs to authenticate the faith.So Abraham gets saved by grace through faith. That's Genesis 15 and then comes the sign of the covenant, the sign of circumcision. And then in Genesis 22, he calls Abraham to sacrifice his son on the altar. We talked about that last week and then the angel of the Lord stops him and he says, "Now, I know that you fear the Lord." And then the angel continues the verse 15 of Genesis 22. And the angel of the Lord called to Abraham a second time from heaven and said, "By myself, I have sworn." Why? Because there's nothing higher by which God can swear than by himself."By myself I have sworn," declares the Lord, "because you have done this and have not withheld your son, your only son. I will surely bless you and I will surely multiply your offspring as the stars of heaven, and as the sand that's in the seashore, and your offspring shall possess the gate of his enemies. And in your offspring shall all the nations of the earth be blessed because you have obeyed my voice." I thought it was by grace through faith? Yeah, it is by grace. That's how it starts. That's how you get justified. But then begins the hard work of sanctification of following God on a daily basis. And then God said, "Okay, you believed it was grace and now your faith is authenticated with your obedience." And Paul will elaborate more on this later in the letter. But for now, he wants to emphasize the heirs of Abraham and his seed do not receive the promise inheritance through the law. It's not through performance, but through faith. And it's not through performance because Abraham lived.God made that promise 430 years before the 10 commandments were given to Moses on Mount Sinai. Galatians 3:17 through 18. This is what I mean, the law, which came 430 years afterward does not know a covenant previously ratified by God. So as to make the promise void for if the inheritance comes by the law, it no longer comes by promise, but God gave it to Abraham by a promise. God promises Abraham and inheritance before the law. So it was all by faith. Abraham believes that he was justified by faith.And Paul's point is of course he wasn't justified by works. There was no law yet. In Galatians 2:16, yet we know that a person is not justified by works of the law, but through faith in Jesus Christ. So we also have believed in Christ Jesus in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law because by works of the law, no one will be justified. He continues in verse 14 for if it is the adherence of the law who are to be the heirs, plural, faith is null. And the promise is void.The way you're saying is you can't earn your inheritance by keeping the law. That's not how inheritance works. Why do you get inheritance from anybody? You didn't earn the inheritance. Someone else worked for years to get whatever the stuff that you're inheriting. You're only gifted it because you're part of the family or you were treated like family. So how do you become part of the family of God to make sure that you get this inheritance by keeping the law? No, of course not.Only by grasping onto the promise. God, you promised. God, you promised me that when I repented my sins and I believe in Jesus Christ, my Lord and savior, you promise me that all my sins are forgiven. I'm filled with the Holy Spirit. I will live for eternity in the presence of God, and I get an inheritance. And God has given us this promise. All we have to do is believe in the promise.You mean there's nothing I can do to make myself righteous before God? No. Even if today you got this incredible resolve and you say, "You know what? I have sinned. I've sinned. And I feel a weight of my sin. All right, from here on out, the church inspired me today. From here on out, I will live a sinless life. No more sin. I will love God with all my heart, soul, strength, and mind. I will love my neighbor as myself. I will do it."See, the loving God part, it's easy because he is perfect. But then you go home and you're like, "I got to love God. I Got to love my neighbor. Got to love God. Got to love my neighbor." And then all of a sudden you realize, "Yeah, I have neighbors on every single side of me." And then they turn on their music and you're like, "I got to keep loving them." And then they start cooking and you're, "What's that smell?" And then you open the window because of the cooking, and then a smell of skunk begins to waft in. My daughter think it's a skunk because that's why I keep telling her. I was like, "That's skunk. There's a lot of skunks in Boston." They're just stories full of skunks all around us.You just got to keep low. You got to keep low then after you're like, "Yeah, I'll start tomorrow. I'll start tomorrow." Every good diet starts on a Monday. Every righteous path starts tomorrow. No, you can't. Even if you try, you can't, you can't, you can't. Why? Because the law brings wrath. That's verse 15. For the law brings wrath, but where there is no law, there is no transgression. The law brings wrath. What does it mean? He means that the law does not affect salvation.It can't save you. It does not affect justification or forgiveness. If you trust in your keeping of the law in your performance, all you're doing is keeping up wrath for the day of judgment. But there is a law and we've all transgressed that law. If God didn't tell us how to live, we could live anywhere we want. We'd be autonomous. We'd be absolutely independent. We can define reality as we want to define reality. And that's how most Americans live. And that's why the wrath of God is being poured out.Even on this country, we're not free. There is a law. People think we're free. Dostoevsky said, "If there is no God, then all things are permissible." That's how most people live. I'm a law to myself. I'm a God of my own life. I'm lure to myself until things get hard, and then people start crying out to God. And once you start thinking about God, you're like, "Oh, maybe he does have obligations upon me that are written on my heart."There's no way. There's nothing we can do to justify for our sins. One of the things I've been noticing now that I'm a soccer dad, we have three practices and three games every week. It's a 20-hour commitment by the way. But my girls are tremendous at it. One of my girls scored three goals yesterday. She wasn't even trying. She wasn't even trying. Coach called her secret weapon. He said, "Protect the secret weapon." But one of the things I noticed with the parents, they're really good parents. They're really nice people. Really nice.I love meeting them. Really nice people. Just tremendous, tremendous people. And I invited this one guy to church and then he's like, "You're a pastor?" Oh, that's the guy that said, "You only work a day a week." So I invited him to church and he's like, "They let you be a pastor?" I was like, "For now. You should come." Such a good dad. Just a good dad. Had a little birthday party for his daughters and he invited all the kids cup. Just good. How can I tell this guy he's on his way to hell?I realized be being a good parent is not virtuous. That doesn't add any virtue. You're just doing the bare minimum. It's just expected of you that you're going to be a good parent. Just because you're human, it's not virtuous to be a good parent. No, the standard is so much higher. The standard is perfection. The standard is absolute untainted love. There is a law and we've transgressed that law. We've transgressed it with sins of commission. That's doing bad things. And sins of omission. That's not doing the good things that we know we're supposed to do. We failed to do them.We have debts accruing against us in God's economy. So we do pray to forgive us our debts. "Lord, forgive us our trespass and our transgressions. Lord, please forgive me because I know I deserve your wrath." And the wrath he's talking as punitive wrath. It's not corrective wrath. There's a difference. In Hebrews 12, there is a corrective wrath. God the father loves his children and when his children disobey, he does discipline us. That's Hebrews 12. And here he's talking about punitive wrath that God takes our law breaking personally.Because God is the law giver. When we sin, we're not sinning against some abstract norm or piece of legislation some people somewhere. Now, we're sitting against the law giver himself who is good and loving. And that's why you gave the law, and he wrote the law on our hearts. It's for our good. It's for human universal flourishing. So when we break that law, we break God's heart. And when we break God's heart, what we deserve in response is wrath. It's a personal affront against God every time we sin. That's why sin is so egregious. It's a personal attack against a great God, a holy God. A God who's been nothing but good and loving to us.And then the only time that he became a human, we mocked him and ridiculed him, scorned him and crucified him instead of glorifying him. Romans 4:16. That is why it depends on faith in order that the promise may rest on grace and be guaranteed to all his offspring. Not only to the adherent of the law, but also to the one who shares the faith of Abraham who is the father of us all.He says, "That's why it depends on faith." In the reformation there's the five solas. Sola fide, that's one of them. That's only by faith we're saved. Sola gratia, only by grace. Solus Christus, only by the work of Christ. Our justification is by grace through faith only because of Christ. But why is it by justification by faith? Because it rests on the promise of grace. Since you didn't earn it, your salvation, you can't lose it.That's why he uses the word guarantee. Guaranteed to all his offspring. So if God saves you, that's a gift. And if you didn't earn it, if you receive the gift, you can't lose it. When God adopt someone into his family, you're adopted forever. God is a good father who never loses a child. Once saved, always saved because you're always persevering. You're always following. And look, this is what scripture teaches. And I grew up in a church that did not teach this. They were very Armenian.In that, they're like, "You know what? You never know." You ask anyone and they're like, "Hey, are you going to heaven today if you die?" And they're like, "I hope so." And that was kind of like the culture of the church where it's like... Before communion Sunday, I used to dread communion Sunday, because they're like, "If you sin this week, you don't take part in communion."I was like, "Sin this week? I sin this morning. I sin on the way to church. I love everyone like 100%. No, they're sin, they're sin, they're sin." That's the sanctification part. No, but the justification part, that's all the work of Christ. Therefore, we're saved for all eternity. The doctrine of assurance, of salvation, you can be sure. So this is a very important question. Today, are you sure that you are going to spend eternity with God? Are you sure? Do you have that assurance right now?Are you 100% sure? And if there any hesitation in your mind, you need to go back to the doctor and justification by grace through faith. I am not saved because of my performance. I'm saved because of Christ's performance. I believe in Christ therefore I'm justified by grace through faith. You can be sure. You should be sure.And then of course we're called to make our election sure, but our salvation doesn't depend on our obedience of the law. Because our righteousness depends on faith, rest on grace is guaranteed to everyone who follows in the footsteps of faith of Abraham. Everyone who shares in this faith that righteousness, alien righteous, not ours can be imputed, gifted to us because of Christ.Verse 17, "As it is written, I've made you the father of many nations in the presence of the God in whom he believed. Who gives life to the dead and calls into existence to things that do not exist." Abraham here is called the father of many nation. So he is not just the father of Isaac. He's not just the father of his progeny. He's not just the father of the Jews. Abraham here is considered the father of anyone who trusts in the same promise that he embraced that there's a righteousness that can be counted to us from God.We're the seed of Abraham by faith in Christ. Abraham believed God. Abraham believed God and he got God's presence. That's what it says in verse 17. And the presence of God in whom he believed. So he got a promise from God and he got the presence of God. And that's the only thing he had to sustain him for 25 years. 25 years, from the day God promised him, "Hey, I'm going to give you a son." For 25 years he woke up, nothing. Woke up, nothing. God reaffirmed a few times. Nothing, nothing, nothing. But he believed, and he believed that God is a God who gives life to the dead and calls into existence the things that do not exist.God is a creator. He's the only creator. He's the creator who creates ex nihilo, something out of nothing. No one else can do that. Not even Satan. Satan can't create a thing. Satan counterfeits and he ruins everything else that God creates. So it's convenient that God can create something out of nothing, life out of death because of verse 18. In hope, he believed against hope. In hope, Abraham believed against hope that he should be the father of many nations as he had been told, so shall your offspring be.So there's two hopes here and then there's a faith. In hope, he believed against hope. What's the hope that he's believing against? That's just normal hope. This is what normal people feel like that you wake up and you're like, "I could be negative or I could be positive. All right, I should be positive. I could be a pessimist or I could be an optimist. I want to be a glass half full kind of person, so I'm going to be an optimist today."It's natural. You muster it up, this hope and you... People say this all the time. I trust everything will work out. I think everything will work out for the good. And usually they say that because they look past at their track record in their life and they're like, "You know what, things have always kind of worked out, so I think they kind of work out." But if you study investment, you know that past results don't guarantee future performance.Everything could be great and everything could have been working out, and then you just die. Oh, it didn't work out. So there's normal hope and then there's a hope that goes beyond, a transcended hope. That's hope and faith together in hope he believed. And he believed against all of the evidence. All of the evidence that he is accruing about his circumstances. This point to the fact that God lied.And then he goes back to the promise of God, and he looks beyond his circumstances. This is why in prayer, it's so helpful to close your eyes. And by the way, in worship, it's so helpful to close your eyes. That's why you should memorize the worship songs. Every newsletter I sent out at the bottom of the newsletter is a list of all of the worship songs for Sunday. I'm telling you, worship could be so much more powerful if everyone just closed their eyes and sang the song as memorized.By the way, you can anytime just sing and you just glorify God. You can close your eyes. You can't see your circumstances. You just focus on God and then all of a sudden you're like, "My circumstances, aren't that important? My circumstances are not sovereign." God is sovereign. "My circumstances even when they're hopeless, even when they're helpless, they're not God."And I trust in the God for whom nothing is impossible. Do you believe that? Do you believe that for God, nothing is impossible. Nothing. And if you do, that changes everything. What is the hope that Abraham was beyond? He was beyond that humanly speaking, God's promise could have. If God came to Abraham when Abraham was in his 20s and like, "Hey man, you're going to have a kid." He's like, "You know what? I could see that. I could see that, Sarah. Yeah, we're still young." God comes to Abraham when he's 75. He's like, "You're going to have a kid." He's like, "Are you sure?" And he goes and tells his wife, Sarah, she's like, "I'm 65. We're going to have a kid?"And they believed, and then God waits another 25 years. So then Sarah is 90. Abraham is 100 and God is like, "Yep, you're going to have a kid". And then Abraham and Sarah hears... And Sarah, all she can do is she just laughs because the absurdity of it. She's like, "I'm 90. I'm going to have a kid at 90? That's crazy." She's like, "Abraham, you're in a wheelchair. What are you going to have a stroller? This is nuts. This is crazy. We're not going to..." Circumstances, no reason for hope. He's hopeless. He's helpless. But he continues to trust in God when humanly speaking hope had reached a limit. It hope he believed against hope. And this is the true faith, vibrant faith. A faith that saves.And the same way that Abraham was helpless, and the same way that his wife's womb, there was no life in it. And that same way, our souls are in need of resurrection. Our hearts are in need of resurrection. This is what the connection between Paul and Abraham. So what is true hope? What is this true faith? Well, it consists of three parts. First, you need the information. If you are going to get saved by grace through faith, what's the information about God that I need to know? You learn the information. God is holy. We have transgressed his law. There's a chasm between us. We are on our way to hell.Jesus Christ, the son of God, second person of the Trinity comes lives a perfect life, no sin, and then takes that moral record to the cross, pays our debt, absorbs the wrath of God for our transgression. He absorbs the curse that we deserve to extend to us the blessing that he earned. And then he dies. And because of resurrection from the dead, everything that he did and everything he taught is obviously true. God accepts his sacrifice. Now by grace through faith, we can be saved. That's the info.After the info, you need to ask, is it true? Is this true? Is it verifiable? And it is verifiable. These are all historic things that happened. Jesus Christ's historical figure. He had disciples. People knew him. 500 people saw the resurrection of Jesus Christ. It transformed world history like no event. We literally stopped time and all of a sudden started recounting. Your birthday is measured from his birthday. Obviously it's true. Now the question is, info is it true? Do I commit?Do I commit? Can I entrust myself to Jesus Christ? We're justified by faith and trusting in Christ alone for our salvation. Abraham didn't just believe in God. Even Satan believes in God. No, he entrusted himself to God. He knew the person of God. He knew that God doesn't lie. Faith isn't blind. It's just a different kind of sight. And he saw that this was true with the eyes of a soul.Faith isn't absurd. It's not foolishness. It's not baseless. Faith is ultimately trusting what is preeminently trustworthy and that's God in hope he believed against hope. Is it reasonable to believe in situations like this? No. Look at your situation. That's not reasonable to believe. You ever feel like that in your Christian walk? Is it reasonable to keep following Jesus? Especially when things get hard, especially when you suffer. Is it reasonable?For all intents and purposes Abraham's body was as good as dead. That's what it says in verse 19. He did not weaken in faith when he considered his own body, which was as good as dead since he was about 100 years old or when he considered the bareness of Sarah's womb. Looked at himself, looked at his wife. All he saw was hopeless and he had to close his eyes and looked beyond. How could I possibly believe even the promise? Well, because of the promise giver. The promise giver is the promise keeper. Because he's God and God can't lie. It's against his nature.The only hopeless thing is the idea that the promise would not come to pass. And in Romans 4:20, I love this verse so much. No unbelief made him waiver. Concerning the promise of God, but he grew strong in his faith as he gave glory to God. Fully convinced that God was able to do what he had promised. When doubt came, Abraham fought off the doubt with the promises of God. And not just with the promises of God, but the presence of God. How did he do that? How did he strengthen his faith?Tremendous question. How do you strengthen your faith? Through Bible study, helpful and necessary. Studying theology, helpful and necessary. Time and prayer, helpful and necessary. Worshiping God on your own, helpful and necessary. That's not what it says. He did not strengthen his faith by focusing on his faith because when you're focusing on your faith, you're focusing on yourself. And when you're focusing on yourself...That could be discouraging, especially when life is hard. No, that's not what he did. He didn't do any of that. When he felt most hopeless and most helpless, it says that he gave glory to God. He gave glory to God. "God, I glorify you for everything that you are and everything that you have done in the past and everything you will do in the future. God, I glorify you."You know what that means? That means you recognize God for who he is. He's the great God of the universe. You glorify him. And also the word assumes that there is a magnification that happens, where as you're glorifying God, he gets so much bigger. Your problems get so much smaller and that's why your faith grows. Glorify God when you're happy, but also glorify God when you're sad. That's what really grows faith. It's easy to glorify God when everything's tremendous. Isn't it? That's why I think in these churches where the pastors have their own airplanes, it's just kind of easier to believe and it's easier to preach because the guy is like, "Of course God loves me. Look at my plane. Does it anyone want to go for a trip. I'm going to Cancun on a mission trip this weekend." Of course, God loves me. Why wouldn't you want to become a Christian? You can be tremendous like me. Look at me. Look at my plane.That doesn't grow my faith. I mean, God gave me a plane. You know what grows my faith, when everything is terrible. Like humanly speaking. And when you're suffering. And when there is a despondent, a sadness of the soul and you can still say, "Praise be to God. Glory to God." That right there will grow your faith like nothing else. And this is absolutely biblical. This is a story of Job. He had nothing because he lost everything. God allows Satan to take his children and to take his wealth and to take his health.In Job 1:20 through 21, then Job arose and tore his robe and shaved his head and fell on the ground and worshiped. And he said, "Naked, I came from my mother's womb and naked shall I return?" The Lord gave. The Lord has taken away. Blessed be the name of the Lord. Does your theology allow for a verse like this? It has to. We all experience seasons like this. If not, you will. And then finally, he still had his health and then he lost his children, lost his wealth and then Satan is like, "Can I take his health?" And God is like, "Okay."And Job 2:9 through 10. Then his wife said to him, "Do you still hold fast your integrity? Curse God and die." But he said to her, "You speak as one of foolish women would speak. Shall we receive good from God? And shall we not receive evil?" In all this, Job did not sin with his lips. Can you say, "God, I glorify you" when you're experiencing evil? Well, that's the only way to have a faith that really saves and to exercise that faith.Romans 8:26 through 30, "Likewise the spirit helps us in our weakness. For we do not know what to pray for as we ought. But the spirit himself intercedes for us with groanings too deep for words." Have you ever prayed like that? Where you're in prayer and you're praying, and you're praying, you're out of words, but you know prayer isn't over. And all you can do is just groan. And you say to Holy Spirit, "Pray for me. Jesus, pray for me." As the Holy Spirit just begins to groan with groanings too deep for words. And he who searches hearts knows what is the mind of the spirit, because the spirit intercedes for the saints according to the will of God.And we know that for those who love God, all things work together for good. For those who are called according to his purpose, for those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his son in order that he might be the first born among many brothers. And those whom he predestined he also called. And those whom he called he also justified. And those whom he justified, he also glorified in the past tense. It's all in the past tense.He justified, that's past tense. Sanctifies us. And then he's like glorification, this is in heaven. When we get the new body, completely no sin, no imperfections, just absolutely healthy. He's like, "Your glorification is so sure it's in the past tense." Faith grows just like Jesus said it would. If you have faith as tiny as the grain of a mustard seed, you can move mountains because it's not about the faith. It's about the object of your faith.That's why St. Paul wants to move. Yes, you're saved by grace through faith. You have faith in Christ, in Christ. All the focus is on Christ. And then with that faith, he exercised and Abraham believed and he obeyed, and he was strengthened in his faith, and he gave glory to God.Isaiah 46:38 says, "A voice says cry and I said, 'What shall I cry?' All flesh is grass, and all its beauty is like the flower of the field. The grass withers and the flower fades when the breath of the Lord blows on it. Surely the people are grass. The grass Withers, the flower fades, but the word of our God will stand forever. God has given us his promises. We can trust in them. And he also offers us his presence and his presence by the power of the spirit is what in encourages and edifies, helps us persevere.Romans 4:22 through 25. That is why his faith was counted to him as righteousness. But the words, it was counted to him were not written for his sake alone, but for ours also. It will be counted to us who believe in him who raised from the dead Jesus, our Lord, who was delivered up for our trespasses and raised for our justification. There's so much in what he said. Jesus died for our trespasses, but he was raised for our justification.Because Christ was raised, he conquered this triumphal sign that Christ's death removes the curse of sin because his resurrection undoes the final consequences of sin, which is death. Christ's resurrection marks the dawn of the new creation because his resurrection reverses the curse.Yeah, we still die, but not really as Christians because it's just a transition. We will live forever with Christ. Abraham, by the way, didn't have the resurrection. He didn't have the Bible. He didn't have the Torah. He didn't have the Old testament. He didn't have the Hebrew scripture. He didn't have the prophets. He didn't have anything. And he also didn't have Christ. He didn't have the teaching of Christ. The life of Christ, the eyewitnesses who saw Christ. And he didn't know that Christ came back from the dead.All he had was faith in the God who imputed righteousness. But he did believe intuitively in the resurrection. Hebrews 11:17 through 19. "By faith, Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac and he who had received the promises was in the act of offering up his only son of whom it was said through Isaac shall your offing be named. He considered that God was able to raise him from the dead from which figuratively speaking he did receive him back." He's like, "Even if I make the ultimate sacrifice of sacrificing my son because God told me to, God can always raise him from the day he believed in a God who has that power."Last week, I did this thought experiment to talk about the scandal of grace. Justification of my grace through faith. The moment you believe in Christ, repent in your sin, and you're saved. And I asked the question, I said, "Who is the most evil man in the world that if we just sniped this guy, everything would get better." And most everyone agreed it was Putin. And then I was like, "What if Putin repents of his sin and trust in Jesus Christ? And it's true, it's genuine repentance. Could you call him brother?"A brother sent me a real example of something similar. So in 1946, there was a pastor from Missouri named, Henry Gerecke of the Lutheran Synod. He was an army chaplain. He served in the army. One of his sons died. Another one of his sons was injured. And then afterwards, after fighting, he was transitioned to army chaplain. He was sent to minister in the Nuremberg prisons during the trials. And he asked the army, "Hey, can I write about this?" And the army told him, "You got to wait five years." And then he wrote about this in an article called, "I Walked to the Gallows with Nazi Chiefs".It appeared in The Saturday Evening Post in September 1st, 1951. He says, "It was the duty of the chaplain of Nuremberg prison to offer Christian comfort to Hitler's gang. Now, after five years under a bond of silence, I can tell my story of how many repented before the hangman's trap fell." In the beginning, he kind of explains what he wants to say and then he tells a story. He says, "I particularly want to emphasize that when stripped of all they had held important."So this is Nazi brass. This is the SS, like the top of the top he's ministering to. He said, "I particularly want to emphasize that when stripped of all that they had held important, and when offered the eternal verities, most of the 21 defendants were able to come to their moral senses and repent." This is what happened in Nuremberg prison. More than half of the Nazis there before going to the gallows or their long imprisonment and spawned out, ask God for forgiveness of their sins against him and against humanity.They did so in a spirit that convinced me that their repentance was genuine. I've had many years of experience as a prison chaplain do not believe I'm easily diluted by phony reformations at the 11th hour. And then he talks about when he was sent there, he had excuses. The Nazis took one of his sons. And then he finally said the following. He said, "The next few days, I prayed harder than I've ever had in my life. And slowly the men at Nuremberg became to me, just lost souls, whom I was being asked to help. If, as never before, I could hate the sin, but love the sinner, I'll go," he said.Early in the morning on October 16th, 1946, an hour past midnight, the first Nazi war criminal to be hanged at Nuremberg began his final walk to the scaffold. Accompanying him was the US Army chaplain who had been his spiritual counselor for the past year. After the prisoner climbed the steps and stood on the trap door, he was asked for his last words. I placed all my confidence in the lamb who made atonement for my sins. May God have mercy on my soul. And then turning to the chaplain, he added, "I'll see you again."With that, a hood was pulled over his face. The rope fixed around his neck and he dropped through the trap door into eternity. The prisoner was Joachim von Ribbentrop, Hitler's foreign minister in one of the highest profile Nazis to stand trial before the International Military Tribunal. That's all it takes to cry out, "Lord have mercy on my soul." Have mercy on my soul. If you're not yet a Christian, you're welcome today. We plead with you.Don't put it off. Today, pray this prayer. Cry out to God to save your soul. Put your trust in Jesus Christ. And the gift of faith will be given to you. The gift of repentance, the gift of justification, the gift of the Holy Spirit, the gift of a guaranteed inheritance in heaven. It's a scandal of grace. Believe it and receive it.That said we're going to transition to holy communion. We celebrate holy communion once a month at Mosaic for whom is holy communion for repentant Christians, repentant children of God. If you are not a Christian, you're not sure where you are in your faith, we ask that you refrain from this part of the service instead meditate on the gospel of Jesus Christ. But if you do repent and trust in Jesus today, you're welcome to partake.And if you are a Christian, this is for repentant Christians. If there's any sin in your life that you haven't yet repented of, we welcome you to do that. And if you don't refrain, if you do, you're welcome to partake. If you haven't receive the bread and the cup, the elements, please raise your hand. And one of the ushers will give you one as I pray.Heavenly father, we thank you for grace. Jesus, we thank you for procuring salvation for us. You've suffered, Lord and today we remember your suffering. Holy Spirit, I pray that you prepare our hearts now and focus our attention on the cross of Jesus Christ dying for us. I pray this in Christ's name. Amen.Take off the top layer. Take the bread. And then the second layer. On the night that he was betrayed, Jesus Christ took the bread and after breaking it, he said, "This is my body broken for you. Take, eat and do this in remembrance of me."Then proceed to take the cup. He said, "This cup is the cup of the new covenant of my blood, which is poured out for the sins of many. Take, drink, and do this in remembrance of me."Lord God, we glorify you. And Holy Spirit, lead us in glorifying God. Help us as we sing now as we worship. Help us cast off all our burdens, all our anxiety, all of our stress, cast it off from us to you and help us focus on you, on your greatness, on your majesty, on your preeminence, on your holiness, on your righteousness, on the perfection of your plans and your sovereignty.Now, help us sing with everything we got because you are worthy of all worship, of all praise, of all glory. And we pray all this in the name of the father, of the son, of the Holy Spirit. Amen.

Heavenly father, we glorify you. We focus our full attention upon you right now. Help us remove any distractions, any worries, any anxiety and help us focus only on you. We glorify you often in our lives. You're just too small because we aren't glorifying you. We're glorifying things ourselves. We pray, remove all of that and help us focus on Jesus Christ on his life, his death, his burial, his resurrection. And because of all of everything he's done, we have access to the presence of God with a righteousness that is not our own. That's the prerequisite to be in the family of God to have a righteousness that is perfect. We thank you that when we repent of sin, believe in you, Jesus, you give us that righteousness as a gift. And we thank you, Holy Spirit that you are with us today. And I pray Holy Spirit, minister to us, minister to our souls. If there's any heartache or heartbreak, I pray today. Send healing and help us revel in this truth and help us go deeper into it. What does it mean that I'm justified by grace through faith? Holy Spirit ignite our hearts to then live out this incredible, incredible calling and identity. And we pray, all this in Christ holy name. Amen. So I'm walking down the street today on the way to church and I'm in the zone. If you know me, when I'm in the zone, I don't really notice anything else. I'm in the zone. And then these two ladies are walking in my direction and one of the ladies points at me and says, "That guy is definitely going to church." I broke lots of categories. I've seen the nice lady from the park. My wife knows her and she knows our daughters. And then she's with her friend. She's like, "That guy is a priest." And says, "You're a priest. Right?" And I was like, "Close enough. Priest, rabbi, pastor, whatever." I'm just telling people about God. And then her friend goes, "Where's your church?" And I said, "Mosaic Boston, right there on Beacon Street." She said, "Can I come?" I was like, "Of course you can come." And then I realized a lot of people don't go to church because no one's invited them. So it's just a reminder that we should be inviting people into the house of prayer. Today, the title of sermon is believing against hope in Romans 4:13 through 25. How are we saved by grace through faith? That's the only way we're saved by grace through faith in Jesus Christ. But often we put too much of emphasis on our own faith because faith is how you grow in knowledge of God. We want our faith strength about how do you strengthen your faith? That's the question before us. Especially when everything is hopeless. I'll start with the quote by BB Warfield, tremendous theologian. He says, "The saving power of faith, resides thus not in itself, but in the almighty savior on whom it rests. It is not strictly speaking, even faith in Christ that saves, but that Christ saves through faith." Christ saves through faith. Faith is the instrument by which God saves us and by which we enter into a saving relationship with him. But faith is not our own. Saving faith is not our own. Saving faith is a gift from God. You can't muster saving faith. You can only ask. And when you ask, receive it with humility and exercise that faith. If we could muster our faith, if we're going to even muster an ounce of faith on our own, then we would still get credit a little bit for our salvation. But this is the beauty of Christianity. There is nothing. There is nothing that you can take credit for when it comes to being safe. Salvation is all grace. 100%. You can do absolutely nothing to save yourself. So that gets us into a position of incredible helplessness and hopelessness. I can't do a thing to save myself. And now we have ears to hear the good news of Jesus Christ. We can hear about grace. The context Paul has made clear, whenever any anyone got saved, or get saved, or will get saved, it's only by justification through faith. And he points to the example of Abraham. We talked about that last week. That Abraham, before he offered up Isaac on the altar, even before he obeyed God with circumcision, before all of that, God made him a promise that you will be blessed and I will send you a son. God made that promise. And Abraham believed the promise. And Genesis 15 says, "God counted righteousness to Abraham. Mercy did not eclipse justice. God saves us by satisfying his divine justice on the cross." So the today we're Romans 4:13 through 25. Would you look at the text with me. For the promise to Abraham and his offspring that he would be heir of the world did not come through the law, but through the righteousness of faith. For if it is the adherence of the law who are to be the heirs, faith is null and the promise is void. For the law brings wrath, but where there is no law, there is no transgression. That is why it depends on faith in order that the promise may rest on grace and be guaranteed to all his offspring. Not only to the adherent of the law, but also to one who shares the faith of Abraham who is the father of us all. As it is written, I've made you the father of many nations. And the presence of the God, in whom he believed, who gives life to the dead and calls into existence the things that do not exist. In hope, he believed against hope, that he should become the father of many nations as he had been told, "So shall you offspring be." He did not weaken in faith when he considered his own body, which was as good as dead since he was about a hundred years old, or when he considered the bareness of Sarah's womb. No distress made him waiver earning the promise of God, but he grew strong in his faith as he gave glory to God, fully convinced that God was able to do what he had promised. That is why his faith was counted to him as righteousness. But the words, it was counted to him were not written for his sake alone, but four ours also. It will be counted to us who believe in him, who raised from the dead, Jesus, our Lord, who was delivered up for our trespasses and raised for our justification. This is the reading of God's holy inerrant, infallible, authoritative word may write these eternal truths upon our hearts. And usually at this point in the sermon, I say those three points, the frame of our time together are one, two, three. I have no points today. The reason why I do the points is number one. So you don't think I'm making stuff up on the fly. That actually did work during the week, which I do because I met a guy this week. He's like, "Oh, you're a pastor. So you only work one day a week." I said, "Actually, only 45 minutes. That's it." And he laughed, I laughed. We all laughed. I went home and cried. And then also I do the points, so you can track in your mind how much more do I need to pay attention? Like how much more brain energy. Just follow the verses. We're going to frame up our time with the verses, versus 13 through 25. Verse 13, would you look at the text. For the promise to Abraham and his offspring that he would be heir of the world did not come through the law, but through the righteousness of faith. So God made a promise to Abraham that he would be the heir of the world, and that promise wasn't just given to him, it was given to his progeny, his heirs, everyone that came after him. And earlier in the text, he said, "Everyone who believes Abraham is our father." He continues that same stream of thought here. So God goes to Abraham and he promises, "You're going to be the heir of the world." Heir of what? Heir of everything. What is an heir. An heir is someone who inherits something incredible. So if your grandfather, great uncle died and he was wealthy and he was generous, he includes you in the will. And then you get inheritance. I come from a family of immigrants. My parents came here with $700 in their pocket. My grandfather, who was the only grandparent I had when we immigrated, he came here with nothing. So he saved up over the course of years. And when he died, he had $6,000 in his bank and he wrote out a will. And he is like, "This is what I want you to do with the $6,000. I want you to make an album with pictures of me and my family. And I want you to give one of those albums to every single member of the family." That's a treasured inheritance I got from my grandfather. But if you grew up here and your family has been here for generations, perhaps there's inheritance coming. And that's exciting. We get excited about inheritance. But God promises Abraham and not just money. He promised him that you will inherit or your heirs will inherit everything. Obviously, the only true and proper heir of God the father is God the son. Jesus alone is worthy to inherit the kingdom that God has promised. But through the gift of faith, the righteousness that is imputed by faith, the righteousness of Christ, we're adopted into the family of God. And because we're adopted into the family of God, we're now sons and daughters of God the father with Jesus Christ as our older brother. So thanks to this adoption. Apart from this adoption, we're spiritual orphans. And not just spiritual orphans, we're not children of God, the father. Apart from Jesus Christ, you need to know this is important. Apart from Jesus Christ, you're not a child of God. Jesus makes it clear in the gospel of John that apart from faith in Christ, you are a child of Satan. So we need to believe in Jesus Christ, get the prerequisite righteousness to be adopted into the family of God the father. And when we are adopted, we become co-heirs of the world with Christ. Verse 5 of Matthew 5, this is the Sermon on the Mount. Jesus Christ said, "Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. With the coming of the Messiah, the promise of a land in Canaan, God promised to Abraham, "You're going to get land in Canaan. That's the promised land." Jesus Christ comes and he said, "The meek shall inherit the earth.Canaan So the promise has been universalized to the entire earth and thus, the notion held by contemporary dispensationalist. Do you know what those are? Any Christian that has a lot of charts that loves charts, probably dispensationalist. Just out of nowhere they get a chart and they can timeline, and they can tell you when Jesus is coming back, et cetera, et cetera. The contemporary dispensation, they believe that Israel, because modern day Israel was established that that is the fulfillment of the promise that God gave to Abraham which isn't true. As we shall see, when we get to Romans 9 through 11, the return of the Jews to their Homeland, while in amazing act of God's providence, and perhaps it's related to the conversion that will come of Israel before the end of the age. But the land promise has nothing to do whatsoever with the promise given to Abraham when God made a covenant with him. So Paul follows the lead of the prophets. He follows the lead of Jesus Christ, the Messiah, and he universalizes the promise to extend to the ends of the earth. Way, way beyond the original boundaries of the promised land, the Nile and Euphrates. So what does it mean that Christians, followers of God will inherit the earth. And here we want details. We want all the details, Lord. Give me some details. What kind of land am I getting an inheritance? Lord, can I have some waterfront property, in a very warm location? If you don't like the ocean, Lord, can I have some mountains? I've been living in the city for 13 years. I'm like, Lord, can I just have a parking spot? And when I inherit, whatever, can I just get a park? But we don't get details. It should be enough that God promises that when you believe in Jesus is great, you will live forever in the presence of God and you will inherit the world. My daughters when they were younger, I'd say, "Get in the car. We're going on a trip." And no questions, no questions ever, they're like, "Let's go. Let's go." And now that they're older, they're like, "I need a detailed itinerary. I need to know if this trip is worth it." This past week, our family got invited to go... My friend is a minister at Brown University, Athletes in Action, and they were doing a senior sendoff where he's like, "Can you come give them a charge?" And I gave them a charge. I said, "You're going to need to tremble before God's word." It was tremendous. I brought my daughters. I was like, "Little ladies, let's go. I want you to meet these college athlete, men and women. They're scholars. They're athletes. They're Christians. They work hard. They love the Lord. They've got a tremendous pain tolerance. They're doing great." And then my girls are like, "Well, who's going to be there? What kind of food are we going to have? Will there be any children? "And Milana is like, "Will there be any toys?" Because apparently when you're four and you go to someone else's house, all the toys are brand new. They're all brand new. And that's what we want. I'm like, "We're going to have fun. We're going to be together. We're going to make it..." And it was good. Details don't matter as much with the Lord. I promised you eternal life. I promised you an inheritance. The more important question isn't the details of the inheritance, the more important question is can I lose my inheritance or can I get more of the inheritance? Well, first, no, you can't lose the inheritance because the inheritance doesn't depend on your performance. The inheritance that God is offering isn't based on your perfection., It's based on the direction of your life. Are you following Jesus Christ? The moment you repent of your sins and you turn to Jesus Christ, you're justified by grace through faith. Now you are son, a daughter of God. You will get an inheritance. You can't lose that inheritance, but you can get more of that inheritance. And this is 1 Corinthians 3, one of the classic sermons ever preached at Mosaic. It's in the app. Pastor Andy Davis preached a sermon called how much heaven do you want? I go back to that sermon all the time. One of the most powerful. He's like, how much do you want? How much heaven do you want to inherit? And he talks about the capacity to experience the presence of God. That's expanded here in this life and the next life. Once that capacity expands, you get to experience more of God. So yes, it's only by faith that we're save. It's only by faith that we get an inheritance, but that faith needs to be authenticated with obedience or else it's not true faith. I say the direction of life, because I think of Christianity like this because Jesus Christ talked about this in the Sermon of the Mount. He said, "Look, the way that leads to destruction is broad, and there's a lot of people going down that path. But the way that leads to life is narrow. It's straight and narrow." So it's like you're going through life, going through life, going from broadened path. And the God just stops you. He stops you. He elects you. He saves you. He gives you the gift of faith, gift of repentance. All of a sudden you're sealed with the Holy Spirit and he turns you around. And that's what repentance is, a change of mind, change of heart, change of direction. And then he puts you on the straight and narrow and he says, "Follow me." He locks you into this path. Another way to think about it is I think about it like a rollercoaster. Like you were on a roller coaster going to hell. You were on that. And then God takes you off that ride. It's terrible. It feels like fun, but you're on hell. And then he puts you on the ride going straight to heaven. You sit down. He locks you in with grace. You can't get out. The teaching of grace and salvation. You can't get out. And if you want to get out, you should tell me, and then I'll point you to Hebrew 6 and Hebrews 10, which is like, "No, no, you don't want to get out." It locks you in. And on the rollercoaster, sometimes there are highs and you're like, "Christianity is the best. Jesus is coming back soon. People are getting saved. And then sometimes, the rollercoaster goes down and you're like, "Jesus, could you please come back? Got it ready. Ready to go." It's up and down. But the obedience needs to authenticate the faith. So Abraham gets saved by grace through faith. That's Genesis 15 and then comes the sign of the covenant, the sign of circumcision. And then in Genesis 22, he calls Abraham to sacrifice his son on the altar. We talked about that last week and then the angel of the Lord stops him and he says, "Now, I know that you fear the Lord." And then the angel continues the verse 15 of Genesis 22. And the angel of the Lord called to Abraham a second time from heaven and said, "By myself, I have sworn." Why? Because there's nothing higher by which God can swear than by himself. "By myself I have sworn," declares the Lord, "because you have done this and have not withheld your son, your only son. I will surely bless you and I will surely multiply your offspring as the stars of heaven, and as the sand that's in the seashore, and your offspring shall possess the gate of his enemies. And in your offspring shall all the nations of the earth be blessed because you have obeyed my voice." I thought it was by grace through faith? Yeah, it is by grace. That's how it starts. That's how you get justified. But then begins the hard work of sanctification of following God on a daily basis. And then God said, "Okay, you believed it was grace and now your faith is authenticated with your obedience." And Paul will elaborate more on this later in the letter. But for now, he wants to emphasize the heirs of Abraham and his seed do not receive the promise inheritance through the law. It's not through performance, but through faith. And it's not through performance because Abraham lived. God made that promise 430 years before the 10 commandments were given to Moses on Mount Sinai. Galatians 3:17 through 18. This is what I mean, the law, which came 430 years afterward does not know a covenant previously ratified by God. So as to make the promise void for if the inheritance comes by the law, it no longer comes by promise, but God gave it to Abraham by a promise. God promises Abraham and inheritance before the law. So it was all by faith. Abraham believes that he was justified by faith. And Paul's point is of course he wasn't justified by works. There was no law yet. In Galatians 2:16, yet we know that a person is not justified by works of the law, but through faith in Jesus Christ. So we also have believed in Christ Jesus in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law because by works of the law, no one will be justified. He continues in verse 14 for if it is the adherence of the law who are to be the heirs, plural, faith is null. And the promise is void. The way you're saying is you can't earn your inheritance by keeping the law. That's not how inheritance works. Why do you get inheritance from anybody? You didn't earn the inheritance. Someone else worked for years to get whatever the stuff that you're inheriting. You're only gifted it because you're part of the family or you were treated like family. So how do you become part of the family of God to make sure that you get this inheritance by keeping the law? No, of course not. Only by grasping onto the promise. God, you promised. God, you promised me that when I repented my sins and I believe in Jesus Christ, my Lord and savior, you promise me that all my sins are forgiven. I'm filled with the Holy Spirit. I will live for eternity in the presence of God, and I get an inheritance. And God has given us this promise. All we have to do is believe in the promise. You mean there's nothing I can do to make myself righteous before God? No. Even if today you got this incredible resolve and you say, "You know what? I have sinned. I've sinned. And I feel a weight of my sin. All right, from here on out, the church inspired me today. From here on out, I will live a sinless life. No more sin. I will love God with all my heart, soul, strength, and mind. I will love my neighbor as myself. I will do it." See, the loving God part, it's easy because he is perfect. But then you go home and you're like, "I got to love God. I Got to love my neighbor. Got to love God. Got to love my neighbor." And then all of a sudden you realize, "Yeah, I have neighbors on every single side of me." And then they turn on their music and you're like, "I got to keep loving them." And then they start cooking and you're, "What's that smell?" And then you open the window because of the cooking, and then a smell of skunk begins to waft in. My daughter think it's a skunk because that's why I keep telling her. I was like, "That's skunk. There's a lot of skunks in Boston." They're just stories full of skunks all around us. You just got to keep low. You got to keep low then after you're like, "Yeah, I'll start tomorrow. I'll start tomorrow." Every good diet starts on a Monday. Every righteous path starts tomorrow. No, you can't. Even if you try, you can't, you can't, you can't. Why? Because the law brings wrath. That's verse 15. For the law brings wrath, but where there is no law, there is no transgression. The law brings wrath. What does it mean? He means that the law does not affect salvation. It can't save you. It does not affect justification or forgiveness. If you trust in your keeping of the law in your performance, all you're doing is keeping up wrath for the day of judgment. But there is a law and we've all transgressed that law. If God didn't tell us how to live, we could live anywhere we want. We'd be autonomous. We'd be absolutely independent. We can define reality as we want to define reality. And that's how most Americans live. And that's why the wrath of God is being poured out. Even on this country, we're not free. There is a law. People think we're free. Dostoevsky said, "If there is no God, then all things are permissible." That's how most people live. I'm a law to myself. I'm a God of my own life. I'm lure to myself until things get hard, and then people start crying out to God. And once you start thinking about God, you're like, "Oh, maybe he does have obligations upon me that are written on my heart." There's no way. There's nothing we can do to justify for our sins. One of the things I've been noticing now that I'm a soccer dad, we have three practices and three games every week. It's a 20-hour commitment by the way. But my girls are tremendous at it. One of my girls scored three goals yesterday. She wasn't even trying. She wasn't even trying. Coach called her secret weapon. He said, "Protect the secret weapon." But one of the things I noticed with the parents, they're really good parents. They're really nice people. Really nice. I love meeting them. Really nice people. Just tremendous, tremendous people. And I invited this one guy to church and then he's like, "You're a pastor?" Oh, that's the guy that said, "You only work a day a week." So I invited him to church and he's like, "They let you be a pastor?" I was like, "For now. You should come." Such a good dad. Just a good dad. Had a little birthday party for his daughters and he invited all the kids cup. Just good. How can I tell this guy he's on his way to hell? I realized be being a good parent is not virtuous. That doesn't add any virtue. You're just doing the bare minimum. It's just expected of you that you're going to be a good parent. Just because you're human, it's not virtuous to be a good parent. No, the standard is so much higher. The standard is perfection. The standard is absolute untainted love. There is a law and we've transgressed that law. We've transgressed it with sins of commission. That's doing bad things. And sins of omission. That's not doing the good things that we know we're supposed to do. We failed to do them. We have debts accruing against us in God's economy. So we do pray to forgive us our debts. "Lord, forgive us our trespass and our transgressions. Lord, please forgive me because I know I deserve your wrath." And the wrath he's talking as punitive wrath. It's not corrective wrath. There's a difference. In Hebrews 12, there is a corrective wrath. God the father loves his children and when his children disobey, he does discipline us. That's Hebrews 12. And here he's talking about punitive wrath that God takes our law breaking personally. Because God is the law giver. When we sin, we're not sinning against some abstract norm or piece of legislation some people somewhere. Now, we're sitting against the law giver himself who is good and loving. And that's why you gave the law, and he wrote the law on our hearts. It's for our good. It's for human universal flourishing. So when we break that law, we break God's heart. And when we break God's heart, what we deserve in response is wrath. It's a personal affront against God every time we sin. That's why sin is so egregious. It's a personal attack against a great God, a holy God. A God who's been nothing but good and loving to us. And then the only time that he became a human, we mocked him and ridiculed him, scorned him and crucified him instead of glorifying him. Romans 4:16. That is why it depends on faith in order that the promise may rest on grace and be guaranteed to all his offspring. Not only to the adherent of the law, but also to the one who shares the faith of Abraham who is the father of us all. He says, "That's why it depends on faith." In the reformation there's the five solas. Sola fide, that's one of them. That's only by faith we're saved. Sola gratia, only by grace. Solus Christus, only by the work of Christ. Our justification is by grace through faith only because of Christ. But why is it by justification by faith? Because it rests on the promise of grace. Since you didn't earn it, your salvation, you can't lose it. That's why he uses the word guarantee. Guaranteed to all his offspring. So if God saves you, that's a gift. And if you didn't earn it, if you receive the gift, you can't lose it. When God adopt someone into his family, you're adopted forever. God is a good father who never loses a child. Once saved, always saved because you're always persevering. You're always following. And look, this is what scripture teaches. And I grew up in a church that did not teach this. They were very Armenian. In that, they're like, "You know what? You never know." You ask anyone and they're like, "Hey, are you going to heaven today if you die?" And they're like, "I hope so." And that was kind of like the culture of the church where it's like... Before communion Sunday, I used to dread communion Sunday, because they're like, "If you sin this week, you don't take part in communion." I was like, "Sin this week? I sin this morning. I sin on the way to church. I love everyone like 100%. No, they're sin, they're sin, they're sin." That's the sanctification part. No, but the justification part, that's all the work of Christ. Therefore, we're saved for all eternity. The doctrine of assurance, of salvation, you can be sure. So this is a very important question. Today, are you sure that you are going to spend eternity with God? Are you sure? Do you have that assurance right now? Are you 100% sure? And if there any hesitation in your mind, you need to go back to the doctor and justification by grace through faith. I am not saved because of my performance. I'm saved because of Christ's performance. I believe in Christ therefore I'm justified by grace through faith. You can be sure. You should be sure. And then of course we're called to make our election sure, but our salvation doesn't depend on our obedience of the law. Because our righteousness depends on faith, rest on grace is guaranteed to everyone who follows in the footsteps of faith of Abraham. Everyone who shares in this faith that righteousness, alien righteous, not ours can be imputed, gifted to us because of Christ. Verse 17, "As it is written, I've made you the father of many nations in the presence of the God in whom he believed. Who gives life to the dead and calls into existence to things that do not exist." Abraham here is called the father of many nation. So he is not just the father of Isaac. He's not just the father of his progeny. He's not just the father of the Jews. Abraham here is considered the father of anyone who trusts in the same promise that he embraced that there's a righteousness that can be counted to us from God. We're the seed of Abraham by faith in Christ. Abraham believed God. Abraham believed God and he got God's presence. That's what it says in verse 17. And the presence of God in whom he believed. So he got a promise from God and he got the presence of God. And that's the only thing he had to sustain him for 25 years. 25 years, from the day God promised him, "Hey, I'm going to give you a son." For 25 years he woke up, nothing. Woke up, nothing. God reaffirmed a few times. Nothing, nothing, nothing. But he believed, and he believed that God is a God who gives life to the dead and calls into existence the things that do not exist. God is a creator. He's the only creator. He's the creator who creates ex nihilo, something out of nothing. No one else can do that. Not even Satan. Satan can't create a thing. Satan counterfeits and he ruins everything else that God creates. So it's convenient that God can create something out of nothing, life out of death because of verse 18. In hope, he believed against hope. In hope, Abraham believed against hope that he should be the father of many nations as he had been told, so shall your offspring be. So there's two hopes here and then there's a faith. In hope, he believed against hope. What's the hope that he's believing against? That's just normal hope. This is what normal people feel like that you wake up and you're like, "I could be negative or I could be positive. All right, I should be positive. I could be a pessimist or I could be an optimist. I want to be a glass half full kind of person, so I'm going to be an optimist today." It's natural. You muster it up, this hope and you... People say this all the time. I trust everything will work out. I think everything will work out for the good. And usually they say that because they look past at their track record in their life and they're like, "You know what, things have always kind of worked out, so I think they kind of work out." But if you study investment, you know that past results don't guarantee future performance. Everything could be great and everything could have been working out, and then you just die. Oh, it didn't work out. So there's normal hope and then there's a hope that goes beyond, a transcended hope. That's hope and faith together in hope he believed. And he believed against all of the evidence. All of the evidence that he is accruing about his circumstances. This point to the fact that God lied. And then he goes back to the promise of God, and he looks beyond his circumstances. This is why in prayer, it's so helpful to close your eyes. And by the way, in worship, it's so helpful to close your eyes. That's why you should memorize the worship songs. Every newsletter I sent out at the bottom of the newsletter is a list of all of the worship songs for Sunday. I'm telling you, worship could be so much more powerful if everyone just closed their eyes and sang the song as memorized. By the way, you can anytime just sing and you just glorify God. You can close your eyes. You can't see your circumstances. You just focus on God and then all of a sudden you're like, "My circumstances, aren't that important? My circumstances are not sovereign." God is sovereign. "My circumstances even when they're hopeless, even when they're helpless, they're not God." And I trust in the God for whom nothing is impossible. Do you believe that? Do you believe that for God, nothing is impossible. Nothing. And if you do, that changes everything. What is the hope that Abraham was beyond? He was beyond that humanly speaking, God's promise could have. If God came to Abraham when Abraham was in his 20s and like, "Hey man, you're going to have a kid." He's like, "You know what? I could see that. I could see that, Sarah. Yeah, we're still young." God comes to Abraham when he's 75. He's like, "You're going to have a kid." He's like, "Are you sure?" And he goes and tells his wife, Sarah, she's like, "I'm 65. We're going to have a kid?" And they believed, and then God waits another 25 years. So then Sarah is 90. Abraham is 100 and God is like, "Yep, you're going to have a kid". And then Abraham and Sarah hears... And Sarah, all she can do is she just laughs because the absurdity of it. She's like, "I'm 90. I'm going to have a kid at 90? That's crazy." She's like, "Abraham, you're in a wheelchair. What are you going to have a stroller? This is nuts. This is crazy. We're not going to..." Circumstances, no reason for hope. He's hopeless. He's helpless. But he continues to trust in God when humanly speaking hope had reached a limit. It hope he believed against hope. And this is the true faith, vibrant faith. A faith that saves. And the same way that Abraham was helpless, and the same way that his wife's womb, there was no life in it. And that same way, our souls are in need of resurrection. Our hearts are in need of resurrection. This is what the connection between Paul and Abraham. So what is true hope? What is this true faith? Well, it consists of three parts. First, you need the information. If you are going to get saved by grace through faith, what's the information about God that I need to know? You learn the information. God is holy. We have transgressed his law. There's a chasm between us. We are on our way to hell. Jesus Christ, the son of God, second person of the Trinity comes lives a perfect life, no sin, and then takes that moral record to the cross, pays our debt, absorbs the wrath of God for our transgression. He absorbs the curse that we deserve to extend to us the blessing that he earned. And then he dies. And because of resurrection from the dead, everything that he did and everything he taught is obviously true. God accepts his sacrifice. Now by grace through faith, we can be saved. That's the info. After the info, you need to ask, is it true? Is this true? Is it verifiable? And it is verifiable. These are all historic things that happened. Jesus Christ's historical figure. He had disciples. People knew him. 500 people saw the resurrection of Jesus Christ. It transformed world history like no event. We literally stopped time and all of a sudden started recounting. Your birthday is measured from his birthday. Obviously it's true. Now the question is, info is it true? Do I commit? Do I commit? Can I entrust myself to Jesus Christ? We're justified by faith and trusting in Christ alone for our salvation. Abraham didn't just believe in God. Even Satan believes in God. No, he entrusted himself to God. He knew the person of God. He knew that God doesn't lie. Faith isn't blind. It's just a different kind of sight. And he saw that this was true with the eyes of a soul. Faith isn't absurd. It's not foolishness. It's not baseless. Faith is ultimately trusting what is preeminently trustworthy and that's God in hope he believed against hope. Is it reasonable to believe in situations like this? No. Look at your situation. That's not reasonable to believe. You ever feel like that in your Christian walk? Is it reasonable to keep following Jesus? Especially when things get hard, especially when you suffer. Is it reasonable? For all intents and purposes Abraham's body was as good as dead. That's what it says in verse 19. He did not weaken in faith when he considered his own body, which was as good as dead since he was about 100 years old or when he considered the bareness of Sarah's womb. Looked at himself, looked at his wife. All he saw was hopeless and he had to close his eyes and looked beyond. How could I possibly believe even the promise? Well, because of the promise giver. The promise giver is the promise keeper. Because he's God and God can't lie. It's against his nature. The only hopeless thing is the idea that the promise would not come to pass. And in Romans 4:20, I love this verse so much. No unbelief made him waiver. Concerning the promise of God, but he grew strong in his faith as he gave glory to God. Fully convinced that God was able to do what he had promised. When doubt came, Abraham fought off the doubt with the promises of God. And not just with the promises of God, but the presence of God. How did he do that? How did he strengthen his faith? Tremendous question. How do you strengthen your faith? Through Bible study, helpful and necessary. Studying theology, helpful and necessary. Time and prayer, helpful and necessary. Worshiping God on your own, helpful and necessary. That's not what it says. He did not strengthen his faith by focusing on his faith because when you're focusing on your faith, you're focusing on yourself. And when you're focusing on yourself... That could be discouraging, especially when life is hard. No, that's not what he did. He didn't do any of that. When he felt most hopeless and most helpless, it says that he gave glory to God. He gave glory to God. "God, I glorify you for everything that you are and everything that you have done in the past and everything you will do in the future. God, I glorify you." You know what that means? That means you recognize God for who he is. He's the great God of the universe. You glorify him. And also the word assumes that there is a magnification that happens, where as you're glorifying God, he gets so much bigger. Your problems get so much smaller and that's why your faith grows. Glorify God when you're happy, but also glorify God when you're sad. That's what really grows faith. It's easy to glorify God when everything's tremendous. Isn't it? That's why I think in these churches where the pastors have their own airplanes, it's just kind of easier to believe and it's easier to preach because the guy is like, "Of course God loves me. Look at my plane. Does it anyone want to go for a trip. I'm going to Cancun on a mission trip this weekend." Of course, God loves me. Why wouldn't you want to become a Christian? You can be tremendous like me. Look at me. Look at my plane. That doesn't grow my faith. I mean, God gave me a plane. You know what grows my faith, when everything is terrible. Like humanly speaking. And when you're suffering. And when there is a despondent, a sadness of the soul and you can still say, "Praise be to God. Glory to God." That right there will grow your faith like nothing else. And this is absolutely biblical. This is a story of Job. He had nothing because he lost everything. God allows Satan to take his children and to take his wealth and to take his health. In Job 1:20 through 21, then Job arose and tore his robe and shaved his head and fell on the ground and worshiped. And he said, "Naked, I came from my mother's womb and naked shall I return?" The Lord gave. The Lord has taken away. Blessed be the name of the Lord. Does your theology allow for a verse like this? It has to. We all experience seasons like this. If not, you will. And then finally, he still had his health and then he lost his children, lost his wealth and then Satan is like, "Can I take his health?" And God is like, "Okay." And Job 2:9 through 10. Then his wife said to him, "Do you still hold fast your integrity? Curse God and die." But he said to her, "You speak as one of foolish women would speak. Shall we receive good from God? And shall we not receive evil?" In all this, Job did not sin with his lips. Can you say, "God, I glorify you" when you're experiencing evil? Well, that's the only way to have a faith that really saves and to exercise that faith. Romans 8:26 through 30, "Likewise the spirit helps us in our weakness. For we do not know what to pray for as we ought. But the spirit himself intercedes for us with groanings too deep for words." Have you ever prayed like that? Where you're in prayer and you're praying, and you're praying, you're out of words, but you know prayer isn't over. And all you can do is just groan. And you say to Holy Spirit, "Pray for me. Jesus, pray for me." As the Holy Spirit just begins to groan with groanings too deep for words. And he who searches hearts knows what is the mind of the spirit, because the spirit intercedes for the saints according to the will of God. And we know that for those who love God, all things work together for good. For those who are called according to his purpose, for those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his son in order that he might be the first born among many brothers. And those whom he predestined he also called. And those whom he called he also justified. And those whom he justified, he also glorified in the past tense. It's all in the past tense. He justified, that's past tense. Sanctifies us. And then he's like glorification, this is in heaven. When we get the new body, completely no sin, no imperfections, just absolutely healthy. He's like, "Your glorification is so sure it's in the past tense." Faith grows just like Jesus said it would. If you have faith as tiny as the grain of a mustard seed, you can move mountains because it's not about the faith. It's about the object of your faith. That's why St. Paul wants to move. Yes, you're saved by grace through faith. You have faith in Christ, in Christ. All the focus is on Christ. And then with that faith, he exercised and Abraham believed and he obeyed, and he was strengthened in his faith, and he gave glory to God. Isaiah 46:38 says, "A voice says cry and I said, 'What shall I cry?' All flesh is grass, and all its beauty is like the flower of the field. The grass withers and the flower fades when the breath of the Lord blows on it. Surely the people are grass. The grass Withers, the flower fades, but the word of our God will stand forever. God has given us his promises. We can trust in them. And he also offers us his presence and his presence by the power of the spirit is what in encourages and edifies, helps us persevere. Romans 4:22 through 25. That is why his faith was counted to him as righteousness. But the words, it was counted to him were not written for his sake alone, but for ours also. It will be counted to us who believe in him who raised from the dead Jesus, our Lord, who was delivered up for our trespasses and raised for our justification. There's so much in what he said. Jesus died for our trespasses, but he was raised for our justification. Because Christ was raised, he conquered this triumphal sign that Christ's death removes the curse of sin because his resurrection undoes the final consequences of sin, which is death. Christ's resurrection marks the dawn of the new creation because his resurrection reverses the curse. Yeah, we still die, but not really as Christians because it's just a transition. We will live forever with Christ. Abraham, by the way, didn't have the resurrection. He didn't have the Bible. He didn't have the Torah. He didn't have the Old testament. He didn't have the Hebrew scripture. He didn't have the prophets. He didn't have anything. And he also didn't have Christ. He didn't have the teaching of Christ. The life of Christ, the eyewitnesses who saw Christ. And he didn't know that Christ came back from the dead. All he had was faith in the God who imputed righteousness. But he did believe intuitively in the resurrection. Hebrews 11:17 through 19. "By faith, Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac and he who had received the promises was in the act of offering up his only son of whom it was said through Isaac shall your offing be named. He considered that God was able to raise him from the dead from which figuratively speaking he did receive him back." He's like, "Even if I make the ultimate sacrifice of sacrificing my son because God told me to, God can always raise him from the day he believed in a God who has that power." Last week, I did this thought experiment to talk about the scandal of grace. Justification of my grace through faith. The moment you believe in Christ, repent in your sin, and you're saved. And I asked the question, I said, "Who is the most evil man in the world that if we just sniped this guy, everything would get better." And most everyone agreed it was Putin. And then I was like, "What if Putin repents of his sin and trust in Jesus Christ? And it's true, it's genuine repentance. Could you call him brother?" A brother sent me a real example of something similar. So in 1946, there was a pastor from Missouri named, Henry Gerecke of the Lutheran Synod. He was an army chaplain. He served in the army. One of his sons died. Another one of his sons was injured. And then afterwards, after fighting, he was transitioned to army chaplain. He was sent to minister in the Nuremberg prisons during the trials. And he asked the army, "Hey, can I write about this?" And the army told him, "You got to wait five years." And then he wrote about this in an article called, "I Walked to the Gallows with Nazi Chiefs". It appeared in The Saturday Evening Post in September 1st, 1951. He says, "It was the duty of the chaplain of Nuremberg prison to offer Christian comfort to Hitler's gang. Now, after five years under a bond of silence, I can tell my story of how many repented before the hangman's trap fell." In the beginning, he kind of explains what he wants to say and then he tells a story. He says, "I particularly want to emphasize that when stripped of all they had held important." So this is Nazi brass. This is the SS, like the top of the top he's ministering to. He said, "I particularly want to emphasize that when stripped of all that they had held important, and when offered the eternal verities, most of the 21 defendants were able to come to their moral senses and repent." This is what happened in Nuremberg prison. More than half of the Nazis there before going to the gallows or their long imprisonment and spawned out, ask God for forgiveness of their sins against him and against humanity. They did so in a spirit that convinced me that their repentance was genuine. I've had many years of experience as a prison chaplain do not believe I'm easily diluted by phony reformations at the 11th hour. And then he talks about when he was sent there, he had excuses. The Nazis took one of his sons. And then he finally said the following. He said, "The next few days, I prayed harder than I've ever had in my life. And slowly the men at Nuremberg became to me, just lost souls, whom I was being asked to help. If, as never before, I could hate the sin, but love the sinner, I'll go," he said. Early in the morning on October 16th, 1946, an hour past midnight, the first Nazi war criminal to be hanged at Nuremberg began his final walk to the scaffold. Accompanying him was the US Army chaplain who had been his spiritual counselor for the past year. After the prisoner climbed the steps and stood on the trap door, he was asked for his last words. I placed all my confidence in the lamb who made atonement for my sins. May God have mercy on my soul. And then turning to the chaplain, he added, "I'll see you again." With that, a hood was pulled over his face. The rope fixed around his neck and he dropped through the trap door into eternity. The prisoner was Joachim von Ribbentrop, Hitler's foreign minister in one of the highest profile Nazis to stand trial before the International Military Tribunal. That's all it takes to cry out, "Lord have mercy on my soul." Have mercy on my soul. If you're not yet a Christian, you're welcome today. We plead with you. Don't put it off. Today, pray this prayer. Cry out to God to save your soul. Put your trust in Jesus Christ. And the gift of faith will be given to you. The gift of repentance, the gift of justification, the gift of the Holy Spirit, the gift of a guaranteed inheritance in heaven. It's a scandal of grace. Believe it and receive it. That said we're going to transition to holy communion. We celebrate holy communion once a month at Mosaic for whom is holy communion for repentant Christians, repentant children of God. If you are not a Christian, you're not sure where you are in your faith, we ask that you refrain from this part of the service instead meditate on the gospel of Jesus Christ. But if you do repent and trust in Jesus today, you're welcome to partake. And if you are a Christian, this is for repentant Christians. If there's any sin in your life that you haven't yet repented of, we welcome you to do that. And if you don't refrain, if you do, you're welcome to partake. If you haven't receive the bread and the cup, the elements, please raise your hand. And one of the ushers will give you one as I pray. Heavenly father, we thank you for grace. Jesus, we thank you for procuring salvation for us. You've suffered, Lord and today we remember your suffering. Holy Spirit, I pray that you prepare our hearts now and focus our attention on the cross of Jesus Christ dying for us. I pray this in Christ's name. Amen. Take off the top layer. Take the bread. And then the second layer. On the night that he was betrayed, Jesus Christ took the bread and after breaking it, he said, "This is my body broken for you. Take, eat and do this in remembrance of me." Then proceed to take the cup. He said, "This cup is the cup of the new covenant of my blood, which is poured out for the sins of many. Take, drink, and do this in remembrance of me." Lord God, we glorify you. And Holy Spirit, lead us in glorifying God. Help us as we sing now as we worship. Help us cast off all our burdens, all our anxiety, all of our stress, cast it off from us to you and help us focus on you, on your greatness, on your majesty, on your preeminence, on your holiness, on your righteousness, on the perfection of your plans and your sovereignty. Now, help us sing with everything we got because you are worthy of all worship, of all praise, of all glory. And we pray all this in the name of the father, of the son, of the Holy Spirit. Amen.

RE-RELEASING UPON POPULAR DEMAND. As the newly appointed king, but not yet crowned, Edward VIII secretly told the Nazis he admired, that he was going ‘to concentrate the business of government in himself…. Who is king here? Baldwin or I?' Did Prime Minister Baldwin get rid of the King because he was too pro-Nazi, as Hitler's ambassador to Britain, von Ribbentrop, maintained? Or was there another reason?

Alex Ribbentrop is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and founder of Live Free Psychotherapy, a private practice licensed in Virginia, Maryland, and Florida.  Alex is a Qualified Supervisor, EMDR Trained Clinician, Certified Complex Trauma Profession, and Certified Family Trauma Professional.  He is also a  two time recipient of George Mason University's, ”Outstanding Master of Social Work Award”. Alex's clinical career and training has focused on the areas of complex trauma, family systems, personality disorders, and substance use disorders; his approach integrates trauma informed care and existential considerations to support individuals in the development of personal meaning and value for their lives. In addition to clinical practice, Alex works as a consultant and speaker.  He is currently focusing efforts on developing a more comprehensive model and approach to providing family therapy at an outpatient level of care.Learn more about Alex:https://live-freepsychotherapy.comFollow him onFB @livefreepsychotherapyllcIG @livefreepsychotherapyConsider donating to United Help Ukraine.--Listeners of The Robin Smith Show can now join our Kiva Lending Team and help us in our effort to bring more good into being.Join Team Robley on Kiva!

After 216 days in the courtroom, the judges must arrive at their verdicts – the debate will be fierce. Outside, some expect all the Nazis to hang, others predict prison or even acquittal. And while they wait, the Accused are allowed visitors for the first time. And maybe the last time. As the judges argue, the prisoners are allowed visitors for the first time. Emma Schwabenland, an American translator, is given the job of organising the Visitors Room, and Pastor Gerecke, an American Lutheran, is under-employed tending to their spiritual needs. And upstairs the eight judges (two from each country) debate the appropriate sentences – the Russians want everyone found guilty and hanged, the other judges take a more nuanced view...Starring Natalie Dormer as Emma Schwabenland and featuring Ilan Goodman as Pastor Henry Gerecke. Emma Schwabenland - NATALIE DORMER Robert H Jackson - JOSEPH MYDELL Hermann Goering - NIGEL LINDSAY Emmy Goering - SOPHIA PETTIT Pastor Gerecke - ILAN GOODMAN Sir Geoffrey Lawrence - NICHOLAS WOODESON Iona Nikitchenko - HENRY GOODMAN Robert Falco - HARI DHILLON Francis Biddle - CLIVE WOOD Sir Norman Birkett and other roles - ANDREW WOODALL Henri De Vabres and other roles - JONATHAN CULLEN John Parker and other roles - NATHAN WILEY Albert Speer and other roles - JOSEPH ALESSI Niklas Frank and other roles - ROSIE SHEEHY Otto Kranzbühler and other roles - MARK EDEL-HUNT Joachim von Ribbentrop and other roles - JASPER BRITTON Titles - LEWIS MACLEOD Sound Designer - ADAM WOODHAMS Studio Manager - MARK SMITH Casting Director - GINNY SCHILLER Original Score - METAPHOR MUSIC Writer and Director - JONATHAN MYERSON Producer - NICHOLAS NEWTON A Promenade Production for BBC Radio 4 and BBC Sounds

It's May 1945 and Germany has just surrendered. The country is in chaos – a million former soldiers, three million foreign nationals, another million liberated from the concentration camps, all trying to get home. And hiding somewhere, in all that, hoping to slip away, are the top Nazis. Top of the list to be tracked down and arrested are Joachim von Ribbentrop (Hitler's Foreign Minister), Ernst Kaltenbrunner (Himmler's Deputy), Hans Frank (Governor of Occupied Poland) and maybe even Martin Bormann (Hitler's closest aide). Once caught, they are corralled in a stripped-out hotel in Luxembourg. But former Reichsmarschall Goering doesn't have to be found: he surrenders himself along with 16 monogrammed suitcases, varnished nails and a valet. Starring Elliot Cowan as Sergeant Monelli, US Army Sergeant and Nigel Lindsay as Hermann Goering, one-time head of the Luftwaffe. Cast: Sergeant Monelli - ELLIOT COWAN Colonel Burton Andrus - JOSEPH ALESSI Hermann Goering - NIGEL LINDSAY Agent Matteson and other roles - CLIVE WOOD Ernst Kaltenbrunner and other roles - JONATHAN CULLEN Gisela von Westarp and other roles - ROSIE SHEEHY General Eisenhower and other roles - JOSEPH MYDELL Joachim von Ribbentrop and other roles - JASPER BRITTON General Patch and other roles - HARI DHILLON General Clay and other roles - NATHAN WILEY Winston Churchill and other roles - ANDREW WOODALL GI and other roles - ILAN GOODMAN Intelligence Officer and other roles - MARK EDEL-HUNT British Doctor and other roles - NICHOLAS WOODESON Titles - LEWIS MACLEOD Sound Designer - ADAM WOODHAMS Studio Manager - MARK SMITH Casting Director - GINNY SCHILLER Original Score - METAPHOR MUSIC Writer and Director - JONATHAN MYERSON Producer - NICHOLAS NEWTON A Promenade Production for BBC Radio 4 and BBC Sounds

September 1945. Everyone is gathering in Nuremberg for the ‘Trial Of The Century' except the courtroom isn't ready, the judges are still in Berlin and none of the Nazis have lawyers – and exactly who will be formally accused? It's the last few weeks before the trial: who will actually be indicted? The names keep changing – and there are still some surprises...and blunders. And will the courtroom be rebuilt on time? It doesn't help when the floor collapses. And who will actually serve the indictments on the defendants? Major Neave, fluent German-speaker and first man to escape from Colditz, is tasked with serving the indictments. Starring Freddie Fox as Major Airey Neave, Court Liaison Officer, and featuring Clive Wood as Francis Biddle, Principal American judge. Major Airey Neave - FREDDIE FOX Peggy - ROSIE SHEEHY Robert H Jackson - JOSEPH MYDELL Sir Geoffrey Lawrence - NICHOLAS WOODESON Sir David Maxwell-Fyfe - FORBES MASSON Judge Biddle - CLIVE WOOD Colonel Burton Andrus - JOSEPH ALESSI Hermann Goering - NIGEL LINDSAY Iona Nikitchenko - HENRY GOODMAN Harold Willey and other roles - ILAN GOODMAN Sir Norman Birkett and other roles - ANDREW WOODALL Colonel Gill and other roles - NATHAN WILEY Joachim von Ribbentrop and other roles - JASPER BRITTON Henri Donnedieu de Vabres and other roles - JONATHAN CULLEN Titles - LEWIS MACLEOD Sound Designer - ADAM WOODHAMS Studio Manager - MARK SMITH Casting Director - GINNY SCHILLER Original Score - METAPHOR MUSIC Writer and Director - JONATHAN MYERSON Producer - NICHOLAS NEWTON A Promenade Production for BBC Radio 4 and BBC Sounds

20th November 1945 and the Defendants take their place in the dock – 22 of the most senior Nazis, representing each component of Hitler's machine. But without simultaneous translation the trial will be unworkable – are the interpreters ready? Can they manage 100 words-per-minute? This has never been done before. Nuremberg was the first ever use of simultaneous translation of every spoken word, into at least three other languages...they said it couldn't be done. But it was. And the trial would have been impossible without it. And once the indictments have been read, Robert Jackson, Chief US Prosecutor stands to make the opening speech. Starring Amanda Ryan as Tatiana Sablikova, a Russian translator and Joseph Mydell as Robert H Jackson. Tatiana Sablikova - AMANDA RYAN Leon Dostert - CLIVE WOOD Robert H Jackson - JOSEPH MYDELL Sir Geoffrey Lawrence - NICHOLAS WOODESON Robert Storey- HARI DHILLON Sir David Maxwell-Fyfe- FORBES MASSON Albert Speer - JOSEPH ALESSI Hermann Goering and other roles - NIGEL LINDSAY Joachim von Ribbentrop and other roles - JASPER BRITTON Hans Fritzsche and other roles - NATHAN WILEY Wilhelm Keitel - JONATHAN CULLEN Russian Interpreter and other roles - ILAN GOODMAN German Interpreter and other roles - MARK EDEL-HUNT French Interpreter and other roles - ANDREW WOODALL Russian Prosecutor - HENRY GOODMAN Titles - LEWIS MACLEOD Sound Designer - ADAM WOODHAMS Studio Manager - MARK SMITH Casting Director - GINNY SCHILLER Original Score - METAPHOR MUSIC Writer and Director - JONATHAN MYERSON Producer - NICHOLAS NEWTON A Promenade Production for BBC Radio 4 and BBC Sounds

January 1946, the army psychologist assigned to look after the Accused has a never-to-be-repeated chance to examine evil, close-up, day-by-day. What made these 22 men capable of such horrific acts? He spends time with them, he runs tests: just what will it reveal? Gustav Gilbert, a German-speaking US Army Psychologist, is assigned to Nuremberg Prison to examine and watch over the defendants. The defendants value the chance to speak to him and he lets them – he writes up daily, copious notes of his conversations. Will he find the mystery of human evil? Starring Ed Stoppard as Gustav Gilbert, a New York psychologist, and featuring Jasper Britton as Joachim von Ribbentrop, once Hitler's Foreign Minister. Gustav Gilbert - ED STOPPARD Douglas Kelley - ILAN GOODMAN Robert H Jackson - JOSEPH MYDELL Sir Geoffrey Lawrence - NICHOLAS WOODESON Hermann Goering - NIGEL LINDSAY Edda Goering - ROSIE SHEEHY Emmy Goering - SOPHIA PETTIT Sir David Maxwell-Fyfe - FORBES MASSON Albert Kesselring and other roles - CLIVE WOOD John Amen - JOSEPH ALESSI Joachim von Ribbentrop - JASPER BRITTON Ernst Kaltenbrunner - JONATHAN CULLEN Otto Kranzbühler and other roles - MARK EDEL-HUNT Admiral Nimitz and other roles - NATHAN WILEY Alfred Seidl and other roles - HARI DHILLON Hans Frank and other roles - ANDREW WOODALL Titles - LEWIS MACLEOD Sound Designer - ADAM WOODHAMS Studio Manager - MARK SMITH Casting Director - GINNY SCHILLER Original Score - METAPHOR MUSIC Writer and Director - JONATHAN MYERSON Producer - NICHOLAS NEWTON A Promenade Production for BBC Radio 4 and BBC Sounds

The trial is underway but the accused men in the dock seem almost proud of what they did. Some of the Nazi documents are chilling but there are simply too many of them. It will need something much more real to show the world the enormity of their crimes. And soon it's clear there's a danger of the American team relying too heavily on documents alone – the trial is becoming bogged down. The Defendants are even starting to feel they're winning...until the American Prosecutors change tack and show a 60-minute film of footage taken at the Concentration Camps. Nobody has seen anything like it. The courtroom is reduced to silence, the defendants finally cowed. Featuring Hari Dhillon as Colonel Robert Storey, Deputy American Prosecutor, and Andrew Woodall as Adolf Hitler. Tatiana Sablikova - AMANDA RYAN Robert H Jackson - JOSEPH MYDELL Sir Geoffrey Lawrence - NICHOLAS WOODESON Robert Storey - HARI DHILLON Sir David Maxwell-Fyfe - FORBES MASSON Hermann Goering - NIGEL LINDSAY Julius Streicher - HENRY GOODMAN Wilhelm Keitel - JONATHAN CULLEN Hans Marx and other roles - ILAN GOODMAN Adolf Hitler and other roles - ANDREW WOODALL Joachim von Ribbentrop and other roles - JASPER BRITTON GI and other roles - NATHAN WILEY Titles - LEWIS MACLEOD Sound Designer - ADAM WOODHAMS Studio Manager - MARK SMITH Casting Director - GINNY SCHILLER Original Score - METAPHOR MUSIC Writer and Director - JONATHAN MYERSON Producer - NICHOLAS NEWTON A Promenade Production for BBC Radio 4 and BBC Sounds

On 30th September 1946, the Judges announce their verdicts. And the sentences to be imposed – death or imprisonment or freedom. But come the night of the executions, Hermann Goering has one last surprise. And now it's time for the verdicts: 11 will be hanged, 7 are given prison sentences and 3 are set free. Everyone is surprised by the acquittals and at a hasty press conference, the free men trade autographs for chocolate (but are re-arrested by German authorities as soon as they leave the building). Meanwhile Sergeant Woods, the US Army's hangman, is on site, building the gallows. The night comes but Goering has managed to hide one last cyanide capsule to evade the noose. Starring Nicholas Woodeson as Sir Geoffrey Lawrence and featuring Nathan Wiley as Master Sergeant Woods, the US Army's executioner. Emma Schwabenland - NATALIE DORMER Sir Geoffrey Lawrence - NICHOLAS WOODESON Francis Biddle - CLIVE WOOD Iona Nikitchenko - HENRY GOODMAN Sir David Maxwell-Fyfe - FORBES MASSON Colonel Burton Andrus - JOSEPH ALESSI Hermann Goering - NIGEL LINDSAY Rudolf Hess - JOSEPH MYDELL New York Post Reporter - HARI DHILLON Daily Express Reporter - ROSIE SHEEHY Sir Norman Birkett and other roles - ANDREW WOODALL John Parker and other roles - NATHAN WILEY Henri De Vabres and other roles - JONATHAN CULLEN Pastor Gerecke and other roles - ILAN GOODMAN Otto Kranzbühler and other roles - MARK EDEL-HUNT Joachim von Ribbentrop and other roles - JASPER BRITTON Titles - LEWIS MACLEOD Sound Designer - ADAM WOODHAMS Studio Manager - MARK SMITH Casting Director - GINNY SCHILLER Original Score - METAPHOR MUSIC Writer and Director - JONATHAN MYERSON Producer - NICHOLAS NEWTON A Promenade Production for BBC Radio 4 and BBC Sounds