Podcasts about Genetic epidemiology

In this episode, we're joined by the brilliant Dr. Tim Spector—Professor of Genetic Epidemiology, founder of the renowned TwinsUK study, and co-founder of the science-driven nutrition company ZOE. Known for his groundbreaking research featured in the Netflix documentary Hack Your Health and over 900 published studies, Dr. Spector dives into the fascinating science of the gut microbiome, why identical twins don't respond the same to food, and how ZOE's massive nutrition study (published in Nature Medicine) is transforming how we understand personalized health. We unpack the science behind fiber (why he eats 30 different plants a week), what improves or damages your microbiome, and how gut health ties directly to mood, sleep, and metabolic health. Dr. Spector also shares his thoughts on mental well-being, the real issue behind the rise of protein, and offers an early peek at the new Processed Food Risk Scale. If you're looking to go beyond basic nutrition advice and get into the real science of food, microbes, and health, this is the episode for you.Follow Dr. Tim Spector on InstagramZOE Gut Microbiome Test LINKZOE Fiber Supplement LINK

Geoengineering experiments face an uphill battle, and a way to combat the pregnancy complication hyperemesis gravidarum First up on the podcast, climate engineers face tough conversations with the public when proposing plans to test new technologies. Freelance science journalist Rebekah White joins host Sarah Crespi to discuss the questions people have about these experiments and how researchers can get collaboration and buy-in for testing ideas such as changing the atmosphere to reflect more sunlight or altering the ocean to suck up more carbon dioxide.   Next on the show, hyperemesis gravidarum—severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy—is common in many pregnant people and can have lasting maternal and infant health effects. This week, Marlena Fejzo wrote about her path from suffering hyperemesis gravidarum to finding linked genes and treatments for this debilitating complication. For her essay, Fejzo was named the first winner of the BioInnovation Institute & Science Translational Medicine Prize for Innovations in Women's Health. Fejzo is a scientist at the Center for Genetic Epidemiology in the department of population and public health sciences at the University of Southern California's Keck School of Medicine.   This week's episode was produced with help from Podigy.   About the Science Podcast   Authors: Sarah Crespi; Rebekah White Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Geoengineering experiments face an uphill battle, and a way to combat the pregnancy complication hyperemesis gravidarum First up on the podcast, climate engineers face tough conversations with the public when proposing plans to test new technologies. Freelance science journalist Rebekah White joins host Sarah Crespi to discuss the questions people have about these experiments and how researchers can get collaboration and buy-in for testing ideas such as changing the atmosphere to reflect more sunlight or altering the ocean to suck up more carbon dioxide.   Next on the show, hyperemesis gravidarum—severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy—is common in many pregnant people and can have lasting maternal and infant health effects. This week, Marlena Fejzo wrote about her path from suffering hyperemesis gravidarum to finding linked genes and treatments for this debilitating complication. For her essay, Fejzo was named the first winner of the BioInnovation Institute & Science Translational Medicine Prize for Innovations in Women's Health. Fejzo is a scientist at the Center for Genetic Epidemiology in the department of population and public health sciences at the University of Southern California's Keck School of Medicine.   This week's episode was produced with help from Podigy.   About the Science Podcast   Authors: Sarah Crespi; Rebekah White Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

I recently had the pleasure of hosting a panel of experts at London's Fortnum and Mason's Food & Drink Studio at their Piccadilly store to discuss the wonderful world of mushrooms with Tim Spector, Tom Baxter and Ester Gaya.We discussed a range of topics including, what nootropic effects we know about with specific mushrooms and what research underpins this understanding. The use of psychedelic mushrooms and their potential uses in mental health and trauma. As well as how culinary mushrooms can enhance our health.Tom Baxter, founder of The Bristol Fungarium, producing the UK's first organic certified medicinal mushrooms.Tim Spector is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, director of the Twins UK study and one of the world's leading researchers, trained in rheumatology and epidemiology.Ester Gaya, Senior Research Leader in Comparative Fungal Biology at Kew Gardens, who have a strong track record in fungal diversity research and are home to the largest fungarium in the world, holding over 1.25 million fungal specimens.

Pregnancy, though vital for sustaining human life, comes with its own unique set of challenges. From weight fluctuation to morning sickness, most people who have experienced pregnancy were no stranger to these symptoms. But what happens when it goes too far? Today, we're discussing hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), a pregnancy complication that's often confused with the more milder versions of its symptoms, with geneticist Dr. Marlena Fejzo. Tune in to hear about her journey in researching the causes of hyperemesis, the importance of recognizing it in order to prevent negative health effects, and expanding dataset diversity by partnering with widespread genetic testing platform 23andMe.Dr. Marlena Fejzo is a researcher in the Center for Genetic Epidemiology at the University of Southern California. She has a PhD in genetics from Harvard University. She is also an HG survivor, which has informed her experiences as the Chief Scientific Officer of Harmonia Healthcare as well as a board member and research advisor for the HER foundation (see below).Learn about Harmonia Healthcare: www.harmoniahealthcare.com/Check out the HER foundation: www.hyperemesis.org/

In this podcast we share a few selected highlights from the last day of the Alzheimer's Association International Conference (AAIC) taking place in Philadelphia and Online, 28th July to 1st August. Quang Tran, Science Communications Officer for Alzheimer's Research UK, guest hosts the show with expert panelists: Dr Shea Andrews, Assistant Professor at University of California San Francisco working on Genetic Epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease. Dr Joe Butler, NIHR ARC Research Fellow at University of Sunderland, interested in using techniques and paradigms from experimental psychology to learn about brain health. Roberto A. Guzmán Hernández, ISTAART Ambassador, Graduate Research Assistant and PhD Student at Temple University working on the effects of aggregated tau on endothelial and cerebrovascular dysfunction -- The AAIC brings together distinguished basic scientists, clinical researchers, early career investigators, clinicians and the care research community at the largest and most influential international conference on dementia science. They share theories and breakthroughs while exploring opportunities to accelerate work and elevate careers. Main plenary talks from the day included Michael Weiner 'ADNI: Two Decades Of Impact And The Path Forward', Reisa Sperling ' Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease'. Today was also the first AAIC For ALL, a new format with talks for professional from Jeffrey Cummings on the Therapeutic Landscape, Heather Whitson on The Role Of Blood Tests In Diagnosis And Treatment, Clifford Jack on Criteria For Diagnosis And Staging, Monica Rivera-Mindt on Health Equity And Risk Reduction and Katherine Possin on Dementia Care. Talks for a lay audience from Edward B. Lee on Brain Donation: The Gift Of Knowledge, Hussein Zalzale on The Many Faces Of Alzheimer's Dementia, Subtypes And Unique Features, Dawn Mechanic-Hamilton on How Can We Improve Cognitive Testing? The Answer May Be In The Palm Of Your Hand, Cerise Elliot on Building Inclusive Alzheimer's And Related Dementias Research Studies, Wiesje van der Flier on 'Risk Reduction', Jonathan Schott on 'Diagnosis And Treatment', Nancy Hodgson on 'Dementia Care', Ozioma Okonkwo on 'Health Equity'. #AAIC24 -- Find more information on our guests, and a full transcript of this podcast on our website at: www.dementiaresearcher.nihr.ac.uk/podcast -- The views and opinions expressed by guests in this podcast represent those of the guests and do not necessarily reflect those of NIHR Dementia Researchers, PIA membership, ISTAART or the Alzheimer's Association.

Tim Spector is Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and Head of the Department of Twin Research at King's College London. He was one of the co-founders of the ZOE Covid Symptom study, which for which he was awarded an OBE. He has also written best-selling books about the relationship between what we eat and our health and well-being. Tim was born in London in 1958 into a medical family. His mother was a physiotherapist and his father was an eminent pathologist, although Tim initially resisted his father's encouragement to follow him into medicine. Once qualified, Tim specialised in rheumatology before switching to epidemiology. In 1992, he set up a large-scale research study of twins which now has more than 15,000 identical and non-identical twins taking part.After a health scare in 2011, Tim became more interested in how we can influence the microbes in our gut to help us stay well. He has published several books on the science of eating well and is a pioneer in personalised food nutrition.Tim lives in London with his wife, who is also a doctor. DISC ONE: Life on Mars - David Bowie DISC TWO: Prokofiev: Romeo and Juliet, Op. 64 / Act 1 - 13. Dance Of The Knights Composed by Sergei Prokofiev and performed by Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, conducted by Vladimir Ashkenazy DISC THREE: Paint it, Black - The Rolling Stones DISC FOUR: Dreams - Fleetwood Mac DISC FIVE: Puttin' on the Ritz - Gene Wilder playing Dr Frankenstein, Peter Boyle as The Monster and Norbert Schiller as the announcer. Music conducted by John Morris from Young Frankenstein (Original Soundtrack) DISC SIX: All of Me (live) - Louis Armstrong DISC SEVEN: That's Entertainment - The Jam DISC EIGHT: In the Ghetto - Elvis Presley BOOK CHOICE: A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens LUXURY ITEM: A fermenting set CASTAWAY'S FAVOURITE: All of Me (live) - Louis Armstrong Presenter Lauren Laverne Producer Sarah Taylor

How soon should we start taking our dementia risk seriously?In today's episode of ZOE Science & Nutrition, Jonathan is joined by Prof. Claire Steves to explore the multifaceted world of dementia. They delve into the significance of dental health, genetics, diet, and physical activity — plus, they unpack the latest research — to give you practical strategies for preventing dementia.Claire is a consultant physician in geriatric medicine at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust. She's also a senior clinical lecturer at King's College London and deputy clinical director of the institution's Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology where she leads research on the characterization of physical and mental aging traits and frailty.If you want to uncover the right foods for your body, head to zoe.com/podcast, and get 10% off your personalized nutrition program.Get the FREE ZOE gut health guide — download hereFollow ZOE on Instagram.Timecodes:00:00 - Introduction01:26 - Quickfire questions on dementia02:42 - Main discussion: understanding dementia04:18 - Control over fate with dementia06:52 - Why older people get more fractures08:32 - Warning signs of dementia09:55 - Unique aspects of dementia12:12 - Cellular level discussion on dementia15:49 - Risk factors for dementia16:07 - Inheritance and dementia18:29 - High-risk factors for dementia19:15 - Fetal development and dementia risk21:47 - Brain reserves and mental health24:24 - New advances in dementia treatment30:47 - Medications and life expectancy33:21 - Diet and dementia prevention35:58 - The role of physical activity39:45 - Oral health and dementia42:10 - Social interaction and brain health44:02 - Diabetes and dementia45:36 - Women, HRT, and dementia49:09 - Recap: Types of dementia53:39 - Hearing aids and dementia prevention55:39 - Episode sign-offStudies related to today's episode:Brain-age is associated with progression to dementia in memory clinic patients from NeuroImage ClinicalFind our top 10 tips for healthier living: Download our FREE guide.Are you interested in a specific aspect of dementia? Email us at podcast@joinzoe.com, and we'll do our best to cover it.Episode transcripts are available here.

About the Lecture: Little attention is paid to sleep hygiene and Dr Garfield will present evidence to persuade the audience otherwise. This involves discussing research that is correlational as well as causal evidence from experimental and genetic epidemiological studies from recent years. Within the realm of sleep I will also discuss some of our recent findings on napping and how a nap might be beneficial for maintaining a healthier brain as we get older. About the speaker: Dr Victoria Garfield is a Senior Research Fellow in Genetic Epidemiology at the MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, based in the Institute of Cardiovascular Science. She has a background in psychology, statistics and a PhD in Genetic epidemiology. Victoria's research has focused on sleep epidemiology for the last 10 years, which includes understanding whether poor sleep might cause health problems as we get older. A particular interest in this area is dementia and whether changing our sleep habits could help prevent dementia. Victoria also has another stream of research which focuses on understanding why people with diabetes/high blood pressure are more likely to be diagnosed with dementia.

Marlena Schoenberg Fejzo, PhD is a medical scientist whose research focuses on conditions and diseases that primarily affect women. As part of a team of researchers from the United States, United Kingdom and Sri Lanka, she has collected extensive evidence showing the cause of pregnancy sickness: a hormone known as GDF15. Fejzo received a PhD in Genetics from Harvard University in 1995. Currently she works in the Center for Genetic Epidemiology at the University of Southern California and Materna Biosciences, Inc. She has published peer-reviewed scientific articles on ovarian cancer, breast cancer, multiple sclerosis, and discovered the first genes associated with uterine fibroids, nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, and hyperemesis gravidarum. Fejzo is a science advisor and board member for the Hyperemesis Education and Research Foundation, an extensive resource for patients and providers.Resources for mothersResources for friends and familyResources for providersRead the press releaseLearn more about this episode and others at keck.usc.edu/pphs/podcastStay in the loop - subscribe to the Preventive Dose newsletter for monthly news straight to your inbox.Follow us on social - find us at @uscpphs Instagram TikTok Facebook LinkedIn X YouTube

In January we saw experts from across the genomics ecosystem, including patients and those with an interest in genomics, gather at the Festival of Genomics - the UK's largest annual life sciences event. In this episode, our host, Vivienne Parry, Head of Engagement at Genomics England, speaks to Louise Fish, CEO of Genetic Alliance UK, and Professor Matt Brown, Chief Scientific Officer at Genomics England, to discuss the event and emerging future trends in genomics.  In this episode you'll also hear some exciting future advances in genomics research from some eminent speakers at the Festival: Harold Sneider, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen sheds light on the "Identification of methylation markers for Type 2 diabetes up to 10 years before disease onset." Nagy Habib, Professor of Surgery, Imperial College London, delves into "The future of saRNA therapeutics and its potential for treatment".  Lennard Lee, National Clinical Advisor on innovation and cancer vaccines, presents his perspectives on "The Future of Cancer Vaccines," offering a glimpse into the promising advancements in this critical field. "The scientific breakthroughs that are being made are absolutely incredible and they're really exciting, but from the point of someone living with a genetic condition, what they want to see is those scientific breakthroughs making a real difference in the clinics...For some conditions, it's about treatments, but it's also about being able to get a diagnosis faster, to be able to understand what condition is impacting on you, how it might affect you over your lifetime and your wider family, and to be able to work with NHS services to understand and plan for the care and treatment that you'll need throughout your lifetime."   You can read the transcript below or download it here: https://files.genomicsengland.co.uk/documents/Podcast-transcripts/Insights-from-the-Festival-of-Genomics.docx   Vivienne Parry: Hello and welcome to the G Word. Vivienne Parry: The Festival of Genomics is the UK's biggest genomics event, and it's become an essential part of our year. It's free for 90% of its delegates, it's in person, and with more than 5,000 people expected, it's now so big that it's had to move to ExCel's cavernous Dockland Halls. It's the place to hear top science and to spot new trends, but actually for me the joy of the festival is the people you meet. Of course, it's great to catch up with old friends, but it's the new collaborations sparked by random encounters at the festival which I think are the lifeblood of the genomics ecosystem, and everyone with an interest in genomics is here, patients, clinicians from the NHS, researchers, industry, policymakers, and the G Word. What we thought we'd do is bring you a flavour of this great event from the floor of the ExCel halls, and give you a quick soundbite from three of the speakers that we felt best exemplify the future of genomics. With me to discuss the event and future trends in genomics, Professor Matt Brown, Genomic England's chief scientific officer, and Louise Fish, CEO of the Genetic Alliance UK, which as its name suggests, is an alliance of over 200 organisations reflecting the needs and concerns of those affected by genetic conditions. My name's Vivienne Parry, I'm head of public engagement at Genomics England, and I'm delighted to be your host for today's pod from the Festival of Genomics. Welcome to you both. So, let's start with you, Matt. How important is the Festival of Genomics for genomics in the UK? Matt Brown: Well, the Festival of Genomics has become a really key meeting for the genomics community in the UK, and I think increasingly in Europe as well. It's a really large, high quality event that brings together commercial and academic and biotech companies in the one forum, and I think it's a really exciting programme. Vivienne Parry: And of course, Louise, it's open to patients as well, which makes it an unusual event. Louise Fish: Absolutely, and it's brilliant to have patients and families here. So, people living with genetic conditions clearly need to be part of the debate when we're talking about developing new services, and developing new treatments and diagnostics, so it's absolutely fantastic to be able to come together in one room with people from the NHS and the broader sector. Vivienne Parry: And it's grown enormously, and I guess that reflects, as much as anything else, just how exciting genomics is. Matt, I'm going to pin you to the ground [laughter] and say, why is it so exciting in genomics at the moment? Matt Brown: Look, the field's really hitting its tracks. We're seeing advances in technology, analytics, application in the clinical space, and of course booming commercial activity associated with that. But from a situation ten years ago, where we had research capability for using genomics to assist in diagnosis and cancer profiling, now we're in a situation where we have multiple different approaches to assist with both of those things, transcriptomics, proteomics, spatial, single cell methods, optical mapping, a whole monopoly of different technologies that have developed out of the research world but are pretty close to being ready for clinical application. Of course, in analytics, the rise of AI and the potential that has for improving interpretation of genomes and improving personalised medicine prediction in cancers and in multivariant data, those are absolutely massive things. But aligned to that, there's also, you know, the growing worldwide application of genomics in clinical spaces, of course led through the UK and the NHS Genomic Medical Service, which has really shown the way for the world about how this might make a difference. Vivienne Parry: And Louise, that's the really exciting thing is we're now seeing not just talk about therapies, we are seeing the therapies for rare disease actually going into clinical trials and into services even. Louise Fish: Yeah, absolutely, and that's why people living with genetic conditions and their families want to see the change. The scientific breakthroughs that are being made are absolutely incredible and they're really exciting, but from the point of someone living with a genetic condition, what they want to see is those scientific breakthroughs making a real difference in the clinics. And that's sometimes about treatments, you know. For some conditions, it's about treatments, but it's also about being able to get a diagnosis faster, to be able to understand what condition is impacting on you, how it might affect you over your lifetime and your wider family, and to be able to work with NHS services to understand and plan for the care and treatment that you'll need throughout your lifetime. So, treatment's one part of it, but actually that ability to better understand what the future will hold for you, and to plan ahead for the care and support that you will need to live your life to the full is what really excites people living with genetic conditions and their families. Vivienne Parry: Now, let's hear the first of our three clips. The programme is absolutely vast, but these were three presentations that we just thought were terrific. Let's hear the first one. Nagy Habib: My name is Professor Nagy Habib. I'm a consultant surgeon at Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College, London. We are going through a very exciting time, where we know what is the problem with the diseases, and so far we couldn't do anything about it, but suddenly the door is opening and it all came with the RNA vaccine, because we had to go very fast to get a vaccine for covid, to protect the population, and that pushed the science to go very fast, and now we can apply it to other areas apart from covid, like cancer and rare genetic diseases. And these therapeutics are what you and I and everybody else have received during vaccination. There has been six billion injections around the world, so you can imagine that everybody had an RNA injection. And RNA is that molecule between our genome, the DNA, and the protein. For anything to happen in our body, it requires the protein, but there must be an RNA in between. In the past, it was all about DNA, but now it is RNA. Why can't we get a vaccine against cancer? And so now the field is growing very fast for a vaccine for cancer. Now, the way we think about it is that we can have an injection so that we don't develop cancer of the prostate or cancer of the breast and so on, but in actual fact today what we can say is that if we take out a tumour with surgery, and we can take the RNA from the tumour and inject it in the patient, the early clinical trials tell us that this might work, and to stop the tumour coming back. It is very important to make sure that, once the tumour is out, it doesn't come back. And I think there is hope that we can have RNA vaccines in cancer. Now, to treat cancer without surgery, still we have some way to go, but again, now we know that the problem with cancer is that some of our immune cells that are there to defend us from cancer, they change their mind and suddenly they collaborate with the enemy. So instead of helping us, they are destroying our immune system, and we are developing drugs that can stop that from happening to our immune systems. Now, when you really think about what are the diseases that kill people, cancer is definitely very high up. The second one, not in a particular order, but cardiovascular system, we get heart attacks and we die from heart failure, or we get stroke and we die from stroke, and that's because we eat too much. The food is very tasty [laughter]. So, now we have injections, and the injection can make us lose weight, and we lose weight very fast. The problem is again it's very expensive. Who can afford £600 a week? And when you stop the injection, you put on weight again. So, now we are working again with RNA, and we have found a way where you inject only once every six months. And then the final thing, which is really the dream of everybody, is to stop Alzheimer's disease. So, Alzheimer's disease, as we get old, there are toxic materials that are accumulating in our brain cells, and only this year we've got two drugs coming along that can help stopping Alzheimer's disease at an early stage. Now, what we need to do is to bring that it works on all types, even the advance type of Alzheimer's disease, and now there are [inaudible 0:09:26] where we can take it from the nose. So, you inhale it from the nose and it goes straight to the brain, because there is sort of a motorway that connects the roof of the nose with the base of the brain, which is very simple. It doesn't even need an injection in the arm vein. So, it's all very, very exciting. Vivienne Parry: That is so fascinating. It's real future casting. Matt, I mean, I say it's future casting, but tell me a bit about the Rare Therapies Launchpad, because, you know, that picks up some of what Nagy has outlined. Matt Brown: Yeah, so DNA and RNA therapeutics are absolutely booming, and that's one of the big excitements is that we're not only being able to diagnose people, but we're coming up with new ways of actually providing treatments for patients with rare diseases and cancers through nucleic acid therapeutics. For rare diseases, the type of clinical trials that are involved are really quite different, and you can't just basically translate what was used for common diseases into the rare disease space. It just doesn't work, and that's really held back the field a lot. So, to try and enable rare therapies to actually make that leap from a research setting into actual clinical practice, Genomics England, in partnership with the Medical Health Regulatory Authority and others, have set up a Rare Therapies Launchpad, to provide an end to end solution for people to be able to run clinical trials for rare and ultra rare diseases, particularly focusing on nucleic acid therapies, and linking that with both the regulatory authorities and health funding authorities so that we can get these ultimately into clinical practice. I think we need these sorts of initiatives so that we don't continue to see rare therapies falling over because they're being assessed and made to go through the hurdles that common therapies do nowadays. Vivienne Parry: So Louise, we really are in the area of what people call N of 1 medicines. Louise Fish: Yeah, absolutely. So, these are medicines that are made specifically for one person and will help that one person, and obviously that brings a whole heap of possibilities for people living with genetic conditions, but also a load of challenges that we understand for decision makers within the MHRA and NICE and the NHS. And so I think there are some real challenges that we're really aware of from the decisions that are already being made by those decision making authorities about treatment. Obviously, putting it at the most basic level, you don't have the same evidence base for treatment that's just available for one person that you do from a clinical trial, where thousands of people will have taken part in a trial to understand how it affects a whole host of people. So, we know that the decision making bodies are going to need to take a different approach to evidence, so are going to need to be willing to look at evidence that is just from a trial involving one person. They're going to need to be able to extrapolate the benefits of that treatment across someone's lifetime, and that can be challenging, and we've seen that before in rare disease medicines and the new treatments that have come along in recent years. So, there are definitely some challenges, and we're really glad to see those challenges being acknowledged upfront by Genomics England, the MHRA and others, and being debated and discussed, and trying to find solution now rather than waiting for those treatments to come along later, and then trying to retrofit and decide how to manage them. So, it's great to see this debate taking place early, and we're really keen to make sure that the voices of people living with rare conditions and their families are part of that discussion. Vivienne Parry: And the really cheering thing that we're hearing from Professor Habib is that he thinks that the cost is going to be much less, because some of these things, you know, have million pound price tickets, so to have something that will be cheap is really going to be I think the gamechanger.   Louise Fish: One of the challenges with that is understanding the lifetime costs of someone living with a genetic condition and all of the complexities that are involved, and not just the medical care that they need, but the social care and the wraparound care that they'll need, the extra support from schools and colleges, the extra support from employers if they're able to go in employment. So, I think we're constantly trying to help the government and decision makers have a better understanding that those lifetime costs of living with a genetic condition are the things that should be taken into account when they're making decisions about a new treatment that could be totally game changing for someone's health and their future. Vivienne Parry: Cheaper treatments on the way, Matt? Matt Brown: So, I think we absolutely need to work on reducing the costs of these treatments, because at the moment the costs are so high that, were we to extrapolate that out to try and treat the thousands to tens of thousands of different rare diseases that there are out there, we couldn't possibly afford it. I think it's very promising that we will get cheaper treatments. This might come about through reducing the development costs, in particular reducing the clinical trial programmes, and the level of safety and efficacy evidence that you require before you can actually make these treatments available. I think that will make a massive difference, if we can simplify that. And another thing is, by better collaboration between the different rare disease communities and genetic medical services around the world, to make sure that what might be an N equals 1 condition in the United Kingdom, when you consider it around the world, might actually be an N equals 100 people, and then basically the cost per patient drops substantially. To achieve that, we need much better coordination between the national genomic medical services. Vivienne Parry: At the end there, you heard talk of using RNA therapies for obesity and Alzheimer's, and we principally talk, particularly in Genomics England, not just about cancer and rare disease. But I wanted to present to you another presentation, which I just thought was extraordinary, which comes from the Netherlands, and it's about picking up signs of diabetes using genomics ten years in advance. Just listen to this. Harold Sneider: Hi, I'm Harold Sneider, I'm a genetic epidemiologist working at the University Medical Centre in Groningen in the Netherlands, and my focus is on cardiometabolic disease, and I have a great interest in hypertension, for example, obesity, but also type two diabetes. So, one of my major interests is to try and identify genes for common complex, mostly cardiometabolic diseases, so our approach is to do genome-wide association studies using genetics, but also epigenetics. And epigenetics can be screened for so-called methylation markers, and those methylation markers have an effect on expression of the genes, and we can look at this all over the genome. Then a very interesting question came up, whether these types of epigenetic signals or methylation markers could actually be used to predict disease in people that are still healthy. So, the goal of this type of work always consists of two parts. First, it's that we try to find out which genes are highlighted by these DNA methylation markers, because they are located at certain positions on the genome, so we know which genes are involved in those regions and we can learn more about the underlying biological mechanisms that play a role in the development of the disease. Because we found those signals up to ten years before the disease occurred, so that tells us something about changes that already happen at an early stage. It's like an early detection mechanism. At the same time, a combination of these markers together lets you calculate what's called a methylation score that can be used for the prediction of the disease, and the ultimate goal here is that even in healthy individuals, when you have those measurements, you can calculate such a score to improve the prediction and identify people with a higher probability to develop such a disease. I definitely think we can apply this general approach also to other – for example, cardiometabolic diseases, such as coronary artery disease or also hypertension. Vivienne Parry: Harold Sneider there from Groningen. And extraordinary, the idea that you might be able to pick up not just diabetes perhaps ten years in advance, but also he was talking about potential for other lifestyle diseases, like cardiovascular disease, for instance. What are your thoughts about that, Matt? Matt Brown: Look, I think it's always been an aspiration of the clinical community to move treatments from treating patients with established disease to actually working in really early or preclinical spaces, where you've got a much better chance of preventing end organ damage, and secondly you've got a much better chance of actually inducing remissions or potentially actually curing diseases. And I think not just in diabetes, but also in a range of immune mediated diseases, there's pretty good evidence now that you can, by intervening early, really make a massive difference to the natural history of diseases, and new methods are coming about to identify those patients, be it polygenic risk scores or other biomarkers, to enable us to sort of flip the approach of medicine from being reactive to pre-emptive. Vivienne Parry: And rare conditions, as they do so often, Louise, are leading the way in understanding the issues, which will then spill out into a much wider area of the population. Louise Fish: Yeah, absolutely, and rare conditions obviously is the space that we work in. So, Genetic Alliance UK, as you say, is an alliance of around 230 charities that support people largely with rare genetic conditions, and many of those charities are condition specific or look after groups of conditions, like metabolic rare diseases. So, that's the kind of space that we come from, and obviously in our space, the excitement is around the work that we're doing with Genomics England around the Generation Study, and trying to use that to understand whether it's possible to screen babies to understand whether they have a rare genetic condition, and if so to identify that condition and intervene early. And again, excitingly, that's not just about treatment, it's about whether there's a way of helping that child and their family, if you can identify very early to help really improve their lifestyle choices. And one of the best examples we have is identifying children with brittle bone disease, where if you pick them up through screening, you'd be able to teach their parents to handle them safely, so they didn't have breaks in their bones as babies, which is what we see now. So from our perspective, it's obviously different to the polygenic risk scoring, but again it's that idea of using genomics as a way of identifying conditions very early, and intervening before signs and symptoms start, to try and improve the life chances of the person living with that condition, and help their wider family to help them, which is really exciting from our perspective. Vivienne Parry: But the experience and knowledge that you've gained as rare disease organisations actually is enormously valuable to other people. I mean, rare has always been at the forefront. I mean, in cancer, for example, it was chronic myeloid leukaemia, which was a rare cancer, that kind of unlocked cancer targeted treatments for everybody else. And it always seems to me that rare is at the forefront. Although it's often seen to be behind, it actually is the key to unlocking so many other things, and the experiences that you have all had are so valuable for much wider populations. Louise Fish: Yeah, absolutely, and one of the reasons we run Genetic Alliance UK is so our member organisations can learn from one another, ‘cos there's always one of the rare patient organisations which is surging ahead in a particular space, doing something really exciting, doing something really new, and we try and make sure that our members can learn from one another and don't have to kind of reinvent that wheel. But I know that spills out into the wider cancer space and beyond, which is fantastic. Vivienne Parry: And Louise, do you think there are particular conditions which, if I can put it like this, are on a roll at the moment, where genomics is really advancing fast for them? Louise Fish: Oh goodness, that's a really good question. There are lots of conditions where genomics is making a significant difference really quickly. For us, I think we go back to the Generation Study, and at the moment we only screen in this country for nine conditions, soon to be ten with the addition of a new condition, but the Generation Study's looking at 200 conditions and whether it's possible to screen for them. And for all of those 200 conditions, it's a really exciting opportunity to see if we can learn more, both about the potential to understand and develop treatments early, but also just about the chance to understand the natural history of that condition so much earlier than we do at the moment. And I think that's it, it's that understanding of the natural history of the condition really early, and understanding how a family can be helped through all the aspects of the condition, which is giving people most excitement, I think, alongside the potential to develop treatments. And I know we talk about treatments a lot, but at the moment only five percent of rare diseases have a condition specific treatment available, so we really try and balance, within Genetic Alliance UK, that hope for the small number of conditions that do have treatments, which is really exciting, or have treatments in development, and actually making sure that the scientific breakthroughs in genomics are something that all conditions can benefit from, whether there's a treatment or not. The potential for early identification of people with a condition, understanding the natural history better, and wrapping a package of support and care around people that is not just about a drug itself, is really important to us and to all of our members. Vivienne Parry: Matt, are you seeing any particular areas where there's a really rapid success? Matt Brown: Look, I think there have been some absolute standout successes in nucleic acid therapies in recent years. So, one is the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia, with siRNAs for PCSK9, so the Inclisiran type approach, which has absolutely revolutionised management of that disease. In recent times, I'd highlight, for example, the treatment of sickle cell disease, an absolutely massive global problem, and now we've got a therapy which can really control sickling crisis and make a big difference to a disease which isn't just a disease of developed countries, in fact it's particularly a disease of Africa, of course. On a global level, that's just going to have a huge effect. But I think, yeah, I just would like to come back to that comment you made about things starting with rare diseases. So, in genomics, rare disease genomics has taught us a heck of a lot about what drives common diseases as well, and to my mind, gold dust for drug development companies is where you have genes that are associated with both rare and common forms of the same type of disease. And that tells you that basically you're very likely, through your treatment, to be able to actually influence the disease, and that it will influence a large proportion of patients with the disease. So, I'm really enjoying seeing this division between rare diseases and common diseases broken down a little bit, and a lot more learning in therapies going from one to the other. Vivienne Parry: Let's move to a completely different area, one that's very important to Genomics England and less important, Louise, at the Genetic Alliance UK, which is cancer. We're going to hear from Lennard Lee about cancer vaccine. Lennard Lee: I'm Dr Lennard Lee, I'm a medical oncologist, so I practice as an NHS doctor, treating cancer, and I'm an associate professor at the University of Oxford. We've come to a position whereby vaccines can be developed quicker than anyone thought. In the last few years, we've realised that the technology has moved on rapidly, MRNA technology, and you can make vaccines and update them really, really quickly. We've now come to a situation where vaccines can be made against cancer, and this is where genomics is really starting to supercharge this technology. If you can sequence a cancer then what we're finding now is that the technology now exists for you to print off an MRNA vaccine for that patient, a truly personalised product. And it's amazing because the genetic basis of the cancer, what the genomics sequencing shows then becomes a vaccine itself. The vaccine is designed based on that sequence, and that's why genomics has really supercharged this field of vaccinations for cancer. One of the possible things we just need to clarify and be aware of is that when people talk about cancer vaccines, they mean a number of things. Ultimately, what it involves is getting a new treatment for people with cancer, because it's based on their genetic sequence, so it's used to treat people with cancer. The future's an exciting one, truly personalised medicine based on genomics. Genomics is going through so many different phases in the field of cancer. Firstly, we were starting to understand why cancer happened and what patients outcomes were. The second phase started to kick off where genomics would help patients select the right drugs at the right time for them, which is amazing. And now we've entered the final evolution of genomics, where it now becomes the actual drugs that we treat people with. And cancer vaccine is one of the first potential areas where genomics will start to form the basis of the treatments going ahead. In five years' time, we're going to know if it works or not, where an individual vaccine based on the genomic abnormality seen in that cancer is going to give better outcomes for patients than an off the shelf product. We know that every cancer's different, so genomics has showed us this, but all of a sudden that sequence could become that vaccine, which then primes that immune system, truly personalised therapy. And it is so exciting that we're going to be talking about this in this festival, and it's being driven as from the UK, which has got so much strength in terms of genomic capabilities as we're developing vaccines. Vivienne Parry: So Lennard Lee there, absolutely confident of the importance of cancer vaccines. Matt, what are your thoughts on that?  Matt Brown: I think it's a tremendously exciting field. The early data on cancer vaccines with melanoma, for example, showed that for a cancer which previously had been resistant to virtually all of our approaches, is actually quite responsive to novel cancer vaccine approaches. We are yet to see across what diversity of cancers this is actually going to work, so there's clearly a huge clinical trial programme that's going to be required to drive this, and the UK is playing a really central role through the Cancer Vaccines Launchpad that Lennard's involved with running, in creating the evidence base about whether these are going to achieve the promise that they hold. I also think that they've got a lot of possibility for inherited cancer types. For example, I think the programme's looking at cancer vaccines for Lynch syndrome, to try and prevent colorectal cancer in that group of patients. So, I think they've got lots and lots of opportunities, and it's nice to see something positive actually coming out of the pandemic like this, for what was a pretty bleak episode worldwide otherwise. Vivienne Parry: They are a small part, I know, of your organisation, Louise, but in some ways, those people with inherited cancers in their families are seeing the benefits of genomics on both sides, both in that earlier diagnosis, picking up right from the very beginning, and of course in the promise of these new treatments. Louise Fish: Yeah, absolutely, and you're right, it's a small part of our remit. We do have some organisations in our membership who specifically support people with rare inherited cancers, and we work very closely with an organisation called Cancer 52, who also represent organisations with rare cancers. I'll just give them a quick shoutout in case anyone listening is not aware of them and their amazing work. But you're right, I think there are a couple of things going on that are really exciting in the cancer space. It's that ability to better understand why some people are likely to inherit cancers, how that pattern works within families, and to support those families and help them understand like the risk that they have, and to make informed decisions about their own treatment and care in the future. And also about whether they want to have children, and if they do want to have children, kind of how they want to approach that to try and reduce the risk of passing on that heritability. So, that's a really important part for everybody. I think there's also potential to develop new treatments, which is absolutely amazing and really exciting, and it is really exciting to hear about the potential for cancer vaccines. The other area where I think people living with inherited cancers are interested to find out more is what impact it might have on better understanding which treatments will work for which people. And we know, for example, that there are some cancer treatments that only work for one in four people with that particular kind of cancer, but it's been really hard to understand why that's the case. And I think the potential for genomics to identify which people could benefit from a particular cancer treatment would have two huge benefits. A, cancer treatments, many of them are really horrible, you know. They're horrible things to go through, and if you had a better confidence that a particular treatment was going to work for you because of your genetic makeup, that would make you a lot more confident about deciding to try that treatment, and taking on board the side effects of the treatment and how it's going to impact on you. That would also obviously massively impact on the cost effectiveness of that treatment. At the moment, we might give it to four people and only one of them would benefit, but you're paying for the cost of giving it to all four people. If you could identify in advance which people were more likely to benefit then you'd give it to fewer people, they'd be more likely to benefit, and the cost would come down. So, I think that there is real potential in this field of genetics and genomics to help in all kinds of ways that people living with these conditions are really excited to see and explore. Vivienne Parry: So Matt there, it's not of course simply about identifying, you know, what the cancer is like and its genomic makeup, but actually it's that wider field of pharmacogenomics, which is a big feature of the programme at the Festival of Genomics this year. And we're very much involved in that, aren't we? Matt Brown: Yeah, we are. So, pharmacogenomics is one of those areas where genomics is about to make a big difference in clinical practice. What we're hoping to get to is the point where we have people who are not yet treated with a medication actually already have the genetic profiling done, so that when they go to a general practitioner or a physician and be prescribed a medication, the data will already be there to say what the appropriate dose should be, and whether they're at risk of getting adverse reactions to those medications, so we could avoid them or use alternate medications. So, that sort of pre-emptive pharmacogenomics is just over the horizon, and if we can achieve that, we're going to significantly improve patient care and reduce the risk of adverse drug reactions, which are a major cause of morbidity and hospital admissions not just in the UK but worldwide. Vivienne Parry: So Matt, perfect segue into our next question, which was, you've already identified one area which you think is going to be big in the next few years. You're both absolutely in the centre of the genomics ecosystem. What do you think we're going to be seeing at next year's Festival of Genomics? What do you think is going to be the big thing that's coming up on the inside rail? Matt Brown: So look, I'd like to say what I think's going to be in next year and what I think's going to be in ten years. Next year, I think the big things are going to be advances in AI and genomic analytics. That's really ramping up fast, and I think we're going to see it in clinical implementation a lot more next year. I think the cancer therapy vaccines are going to be really big next year, as are nucleic acid therapies. Multiomics for rare disease diagnosis and cancer personalised medicine, I think is also ramping up very fast. In ten years' time, the two areas that we've not discussed so far where I think genomics is going to make a big difference are going to be in infectious diseases and in pathology services. In infectious diseases, genomics I think has a fair chance of replacing to a large extent culture based practice, or serology based diagnosis of infectious diseases, which will be done by sequencing instead. And that will be a massive change to the practice there, because you'll be able to rapidly work out, even if people have been treated with antibiotics already, what the infections are and what the likely treatment responses are going to be. Louise Fish: So from my perspective, next year what I hope to see is people getting just as excited about the differences that some of the technology we hear about this year are actually making when they're being applied in clinical practice. So I think from my perspective, it's all about that move from being excited about the science to seeing people just as excited about the difference that science is actually making when it's benefiting people living with rare conditions and their families through clinics across the UK and the NHS. Next year, I'd like to hear that excitement when people are talking about how it's actually affecting real lives. In ten years' time, I hope we'll be talking about the massive difference that some of the amazing techniques we've heard about here this year have made to the lives of people living with genetic and rare conditions. So, you know, in ten years' time, I hope that some of the treatments and the opportunities and the tests we hear about today, we can see how they've affected the natural history of the condition across ten years of lives, and that we can really see that people are living their lives to the full as a result of the fantastic technological breakthroughs that we're hearing about today. Vivienne Parry: Fantastic. It's been great to talk to you both, and it has been a fantastic festival. Vivienne Parry: So, thank you to you again, and also thank you to Frontline Genomics, who organised the Festival of Genomics, because it really has been a wonderful, wonderful event. And if you're interested in things genomic, you can subscribe to the G Word on your favourite podcast app, and if you're new to our podcast, and we always welcome our new listeners, do check out our back catalogue. You'll find it's really extensive. There's a wonderful set of genomic listening available to you, in which even spatial transcriptomics gets explained. I've been your host, Vivienne Parry. This podcast was edited by Mark Kendrick at Ventoux Digital, and produced by Naimah Callachand, and it's very good to have had you with us. Bye for now, and hope to see you at the Festival of Genomics next year.

Chapter 1 What's The Diet Myth Book by Tim SpectorThe Diet Myth: The Real Science Behind What We Eat is a book written by Tim Spector, a professor of genetic epidemiology at King's College London. In this book, Spector challenges common misconceptions and myths about diet and nutrition. He explores how our individual biology interacts with the food we eat, debunking popular diets and shedding light on the complex relationship between our gut bacteria, genes, and lifestyle factors. Spector emphasizes the importance of a diverse and personalized approach to nutrition while providing evidence-based insights into the science of eating.Chapter 2 Is The Diet Myth Book A Good BookThe Diet Myth: The Real Science Behind What We Eat by Tim Spector is generally considered a good book. Spector, a professor of genetic epidemiology, draws on his own research and various scientific studies to challenge common food and diet myths. He explores the complex relationship between food, gut microbiota, and overall health. The book provides a balanced approach to understanding nutrition and is well-researched. However, opinions about the book may still vary, as this is subjective. It is recommended to read reviews and summaries to determine if it aligns with your interests and goals.Chapter 3 The Diet Myth Book by Tim Spector SummaryThe Diet Myth by Tim Spector is a book that explores popular beliefs and misconceptions about diets and nutrition. Spector, a professor of genetic epidemiology, uses scientific research and personal anecdotes to debunk common diet myths and provide evidence-based recommendations for healthy eating.One of the main arguments in the book is that there is no one-size-fits-all diet. Spector argues that each person's gut microbiome, which consists of trillions of bacteria in the digestive tract, is unique and plays a significant role in how the body processes food. Therefore, what works for one person may not work for another.Spector also challenges the notion that calorie counting is an effective way to lose weight. He argues that the quality of the food we eat has a greater impact on our health than the quantity. He emphasizes the importance of eating a diverse range of whole foods and avoiding processed and artificial ingredients.In addition to diet, Spector explores other factors that contribute to weight gain and overall health, such as sleep, exercise, stress, and genetics. He emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach to health and the need to focus on overall well-being rather than solely on weight loss.The book also delves into the role of genetics in determining our response to different foods. Spector explains that certain genetic variations can make individuals more or less susceptible to certain dietary factors, such as saturated fat or carbohydrates. However, he highlights that genetics is not the sole determinant of health and that lifestyle factors also play a significant role.Overall, The Diet Myth challenges the conventional wisdom surrounding diets and offers a more nuanced and personalized approach to nutrition. Spector emphasizes the need to listen to our bodies, eat a diverse range of foods, and prioritize overall well-being over weight loss. He encourages readers to make informed decisions about their diets based on science and individual needs. Chapter 4 The Diet Myth Book AuthorTim Spector is a British physician, geneticist, and researcher. He is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London and the director of the TwinsUK Registry. Spector released his book "The Diet Myth: The Real...

Did you know that you can potentially extend your life by 10 years if you eat the right foods and that this is even possible if put into practice later in life? Inflammation is the cause of most diseases and illnesses, if you would like to learn how to reduce inflammation then look no further!In today's episode, Prof. Tim Spector and Dr Will Bulsiewicz delve into the gut microbiome, how it reacts to different foods and overall well-being. We learn about microbial diversity and its pivotal role in reducing inflammation.Dr. Will Bulsiewicz is board-certified in internal medicine and gastroenterology. He's also a New York Times bestselling author. Dr. B has won multiple awards and distinctions for his work as a clinician. Prof. Tim Spector is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, director of the Twins UK study, Scientific co-founder at ZOE, and one of the world's leading researchers. He's also the author of Food for Life, his latest book focusing on nutrition and health.If you want to uncover the right foods for your body, head to zoe.com/podcast, and get 10% off your personalized nutrition program.Top tips to control your gut from ZOE Science and Nutrition - Download our FREE gut guideFollow ZOE on InstagramAudio Timecodes:00:00 Introduction01:14 Quick Fire Questions03:27 What is Inflammation?07:40 Why is too much inflammation bad for you?09:06 This is at the core of most diseases…19:07 How blood sugar levels affect inflammation24:22 What is the role of Gut and the gut barrier?15:22 How does food affect inflammation?23:47 What is the role of Gut and the gut barrier?28:06 Gut microbes love good food!30:09 Inflammation and Gut Microbes: A two-way Street35:00 More plants and fermented food will reduce inflammation40:15 We need microbiome diversity45:45 Non-Dietary Approaches to Reduce Inflammation47:57 Benefits of Time-Restricted Eating52:01 SummaryMentioned in todays episode:Gut microbiota targeted diets modulate human immune status from CellThe Big IF Study: What did we find? From ZOEPREDICT: The world's largest in-depth nutritional research program from ZOEIs there a nutrition topic you'd like us to explore? Email us at podcast@joinzoe.com, and we'll do our best to cover it. Episode transcripts are available here.

Adam de Smith is an assistant professor of population and public health sciences in the Department of Population and Public Health Sciences at Keck School of Medicine of USC. He is a member of the USC Center for Genetic Epidemiology and the USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center. de Smith is a genetic epidemiologist with a research focus on identifying the causes of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common childhood cancer. He leads studies investigating the role of common and rare genetic variants in ALL etiology, with a particular interest in elucidating the increased ALL risk in Latinos. He also leads a study of leukemia in children with Down syndrome, the International Study of Down Syndrome Acute Leukemia (IS-DSAL), investigating genetic and epigenetic variation associated with risk of DS-ALL. In addition, de Smith utilizes whole genome sequencing of tumors to examine potential causative agents such as DNA mutational signatures as molecular footprints of environmental exposures.Learn more about this episode and others at pphs.usc.edu/podcastStay in the loop - subscribe to the Preventive Dose newsletter for monthly news straight to your inbox.Follow us on social - find us at @uscpphs Instagram TikTok Facebook LinkedIn X YouTube

Coffee is good for you, but orange juice is bad for you, and supposedly ‘healthy' food isn't healthy. The food doctor is here to set the record straight on the perfect diet. In this new episode Steven sits down again with the world-renowned nutritional expert, Dr Tim Spector OBE. Dr Spector is Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, and is the director of the Twins UK study. He is also co-founder of the in-depth nutritional analysis company, Zoe. He is the author of the bestselling books, ‘Food for Life' , ‘The Diet Myth', and ‘Spoon Fed'. In this conversation Tim and Steven discuss topics, such as: Why he started talking in public about food His initial research focused on genes and obesity Starting to think about his own mortality The benefits of improving diet and gut health The diseases linked to poor nutrition How food impacts mood and energy Obesity only being a small side effect of poor diet The impact a poor diet can have in your future The importance of the speed and when you eat The impact of the menopause of the gut microbiome Why quality of food is more important than quantity Foods impact on fertility and libido Why supplements like protein are not necessary What is fibre How 95% people are not eating enough fibre Tim's health hacks The importance of a healthy microbiome The benefits of fermented food Why different countries have better gut microbiomes The negative impacts of Ultra Processed Foods Why unhealthy snacking can impact a healthy diet The worst time for snacking How there is a snack epidemic and the need to change it Why healthy food doesn't have health labels Perfect food habits The need to follow the 80/20 principle around diet Why coffee is good for you and improves your health How coffee is better for you than orange juice What diet advice has he changed his mind on Why drinking lots of water is not necessary Tim's daily food routine Why certain fruits are better for you than others How there needs to be more nuisance to diet advice Why the carnivore diet is wrong Is artificial sweetener worse than sugar The truth about weight loss and need for sustainability His thoughts on Ozempic The need to stop thinking about calories and focus on food quality The benefits and negatives of not drinking alcohol The link between sleep and the microbiome His views on fasting You can purchase Tim's most recent book, ‘Food for Life: The New Science of Eating Well', here: https://amzn.to/3ZLrpsX Follow Tim: Instagram: https://bit.ly/46vt340 Twitter: https://bit.ly/3VG0zil Watch the episodes on Youtube - https://g2ul0.app.link/3kxINCANKsb My new book! 'The 33 Laws Of Business & Life' is out now: https://smarturl.it/DOACbook Follow me: Instagram: http://bit.ly/3nIkGAZ Twitter: http://bit.ly/3ztHuHm Linkedin: https://bit.ly/41Fl95Q Telegram: http://bit.ly/3nJYxST Sponsors: https://www.eightsleep.com/uk/steven/ CODE: STEVEN (save $150 on the Pod Cover) Huel: https://g2ul0.app.link/G4RjcdKNKsb http://joinzoe.com with an exclusive code CEO10 for 10% off Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Cluster B This show aims to educate the audience from a scientifically informed perspective about the major cluster B personality disorders: narcissism, histrionic, borderline, and antisocial. Want more mental health content? Check out our other Podcasts: Mental Health // Demystified with Dr. Tracey Marks  True Crime Psychology and Personality Healthy // Toxic Here, Now, Together with Rou Reynolds References:  Jakes S, Rhodes J, & Issa S. (2004). Are the themes of delusional beliefs related to the themes of life-problems and goals? Journal of Mental Health, 13(6), 611–619. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com.mylibrary... Rhodes, J., Jakes, S., & Robinson, J. (2005). A qualitative analysis of delusional content. Journal of Mental Health, 14(4), 383–398. https://doi-org.mylibrary.wilmu.edu/1... Siddle, R., Haddock, G., Tarrier, N., & Faragher, E. B. (2002). Religious delusions in patients admitted to hospital with schizophrenia. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology: The International Journal for Research in Social and Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health Services, 37(3), 130–138. https://doi-org.mylibrary.wilmu.edu/1... Saavedra, J. (2014). Function and meaning in religious delusions: a theoretical discussion from a case study. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 17(1), 39–51. https://doi-org.mylibrary.wilmu.edu/1... Iyassu, R., Jolley, S., Bebbington, P., Dunn, G., Emsley, R., Freeman, D., … Garety, P. (2014). Psychological characteristics of religious delusions. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology: The International Journal for Research in Social and Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health Services, 49(7), 1051–1061. https://doi-org.mylibrary.wilmu.edu/1... Torgalsbøen, A.-K. (1999). Comorbidity in schizophrenia: A prognostic study of personality disorders in recovered and non-recovered schizophrenia patients. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 40(2), 147–152. https://doi-org.mylibrary.wilmu.edu/1... Volavka, J. (2014). Comorbid personality disorders and violent behavior in psychotic patients. Psychiatric Quarterly, 85(1), 65–78. https://doi-org.mylibrary.wilmu.edu/1... Bo, S., Forth, A., Kongerslev, M., Haahr, U. H., Pedersen, L., & Simonsen, E. (2013). Subtypes of aggression in patients with schizophrenia: The role of personality disorders. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 23(2), 124–137. https://doi-org.mylibrary.wilmu.edu/1... Chun, C. A., Barrantes-Vidal, N., Sheinbaum, T., & Kwapil, T. R. (2017). Expression of schizophrenia-spectrum personality traits in daily life. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 8(1), 64–74. https://doi-org.mylibrary.wilmu.edu/1... Nieto-Rucian, V., & Furness, P. J. (2019). The experience of growing up with a parent with schizophrenia—A qualitative study. Qualitative Psychology, 6(3), 254–267. https://doi-org.mylibrary.wilmu.edu/1... Cook, C. Religious psychopathology: The prevalence of religious content of delusions and hallucinations in mental disorder. International Journal of Social Psychiatry2015, Vol. 61(4) 404 –425 DOI: 10.1177/0020764015573089 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti... Thibodeau, R., & Principino, H. M. (2019). Keep your distance: People sit farther away from a man with schizophrenia versus diabetes. Stigma and Health, 4(4), 429–432. https://doi-org.mylibrary.wilmu.edu/1... (Supplemental) Links for Dr. Grande Dr. Grande on YouTube Produced by Ars Longa Media Learn more at arslonga.media. Produced by: Erin McCue Executive Producer: Patrick C. Beeman, MD Legal Stuff The information presented in this podcast is intended for educational and entertainment purposes only and is not professional advice. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Today I'm talking with Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London. He's an award-winning scientist and author, with over 1,000 original articles published in some of the world's top scientific journals — placing him in the top 1% most-cited scientists on the planet.   Tim leads the world's largest identical twins study, TWINS UK, and stemming from this wrote a best-selling book Identically Different, which makes understanding genetic traits and how our environment impacts our genes, easy for anyone.He then wrote The Diet Myth and introduced the importance of the gut microbiome for human health. This expertise has now expanded into the Zoe App, a tool for testing your biome and blood sugar levels and then personalising your dietary intake.During the pandemic, Tim pivoted the Zoe App to collect data on Covid-19. Tim and his data scientists mapped and analysed symptoms and positive cases, leading to the largest study in the world with over 2 million active participants.His latest book, Food for Life… takes an in-depth look at all the latest scientific evidence on what we eat, how we eat, and why; and how we can use this knowledge to improve our own personal nutrition.Tim learned to meditate in 1976 and has continued as a regular meditator ever since. I met Tim and his wife Veronique in December 2021.So Speaking of Meditation, here's Tim.https://joinzoe.com-----Speaking of Meditation is written and produced by Michael Miller, with direction by Jillian Lavender and assistance from Emma Rae.Original music by Rich Jacques.https://www.richjacques.comGraphics by Elle and Elle.http://www.elleelle.comSpeaking of Meditation… What are you noticing? Who is benefitting? And how are you staying inspired? 

This episode first aired on 1st March 2021 Are you enjoying the podcast? Please leave a rating and a review. Tim Spector is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London. He has won several academic awards and published over 700 academic papers, a large proportion of which relate directly to nutrition and the causes of obesity. Since 2011 he has been leading the largest microbiome project in the UK, using genetic sequencing to study the bacteria in the guts of 5,000 twins. He is the lead investigator for BRITISH GUT, the UK's largest open-source science project to understand the microbial diversity of the human gut. He is a prolific writer with several popular science and diet books, the most recent of which will be the focus of today's conversation. That book is called Spoon-Fed: Why Almost Everything We've Been Told about Food is Wrong. If you've never questioned the conventional “wisdom” when it comes to the food choices you make, or you just geek out on nutrition and anything to do with the gut (like me), then this is a must-listen. Key Points Personalized nutrition is the way to go. As Tim explains, mainstream consensus on proper caloric intake, macro ratio, and the like are basing numbers off of a mythical ideal human being. Women needing 2000 calories per day and men needing 2500 per day is based on very crude averages that ignore all the latest science about how our body uses different foods differently even if they have the same calories. If you want to improve your gut health, the main focus should be on increasing the diversity of species. There is no one probiotic that will optimize gut health. You need more strains to produce a wider range of chemicals. People who, every week, avoid ultra-processed foods and eat 30 different types of plants, nuts, seeds, and herbs that are high in polyphenols have the most diversity in their microbiome. They also don't snack to rest their microbes. We're all unique in how we process different kinds of foods. There is no one-size-fits-all nutrition plan. You need to experiment with different foods and portion sizes to see what your body and brain best respond to. All the while, always look after your gut microbes. Gut health is an incredibly underrated factor in human wellness. If you make it a point to maintain a diverse microbiome, your overall health will skyrocket.

Dr Karan has an up-front discussion with the man who informed the nation about the most predictive, yet strange, symptom of Covid-19 in 2020; the loss of smell and taste... Epidemiologist Tim Spector created a reporting tool that is arguably the world's largest ever citizen science experiment; the Covid Symptom Study app. First and foremost however, he's an epidemiologist. Dr Karan talks with Tim about how we can avoid future pandemics, how to prepare for cancer surgery and how to boost your gut microbiome.   Tim is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, he's the director of the Twins UK study, and the co-founder at ZOE (which proved to be an invaluable tool to combat Covid-19). His knowledge and passion for epidemiology have benefited many people around the world – and could benefit YOU today!  If you have a health-related question and want to get in touch, just head to TheReferralPod.com. A Sony Music Entertainment production.       Find more great podcasts from Sony Music Entertainment at sonymusic.com/podcasts and follow us at @sonypodcasts      To bring your brand to life in this podcast, email podcastadsales@sonymusic.com  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Cathryn Lewis, a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and Statistics at King's College London, holds the position of Head of Department at the Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience.In this episode, we engage in an in-depth discussion on how our genetics influence the development of various mental health conditions, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. We explore the significance of mathematics and statistics in enhancing our comprehension of these conditions. Moreover, we delve into the potential role of genetic testing in treating these conditions as our understanding of genetics evolves over time. Additionally, we examine how genetics impact aspects of our psychology that we can all relate to, such as personalities. Lastly, we explore the qualities that contribute to a successful career in science and what characteristics define an exceptional scientist.You can watch this interview on YouTube! -https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8jtoLRmC5F4&t=2227sInterviewed by Dr. Alex Curmi - Give feedback here - thinkingmindpodcast@gmail.com -  Follow us here: Twitter @thinkingmindpod Instagram @thinkingmindpodcastJoin Our Mailing List! - https://thinkingmindpod.aidaform.com/mailinglistsignupSUPPORT: buymeacoffee.com/thinkingmind

Tim Spector is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, director of the Twins UK study, Scientific co-founder at ZOE, and one of the world's leading researchers. He's also the author of Food for Life: The New Science of Eating Well, his latest book focusing on nutrition and health. Tim trained originally in rheumatology and epidemiology. Become a Genius Life Premium Member and get ad-free episodes of the show, a monthly Ask Me Anything (AMA), and more! Learn more: http://thegeniuslife.com

Tim Spector OBE is an award-winning scientist and author, with over 1,000 original articles published in some of the world's top scientific journals placing him in the top 1% most cited scientists on the planet. Tim as a writer As a Professor in Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, and the leader of the world's largest identical twins study, TWINS UK, Tim wrote his best-selling book ‘Identically Different' which makes understanding genetic traits and how our environment impacts our genes, easy for anyone to grasp. His next book ‘The Diet Myth' was the first introduction on the importance of the gut microbiome for human health for a wide non-scientific audience. It became an international bestseller and remains a brilliant insight to the unique way each of us interacts with food through our microbes. More recently, ‘Spoon Fed' offers the latest evidence on food science and personalised nutrition, the impact of our food environment and how profits and policy impact our dinner tables with a pragmatic, real-life approach. Tim's upcoming book, ‘Food for Life….' is his most extensive yet, taking an in-depth look at all of the latest scientific evidence on what we eat, how we eat it and why; and how we can use this knowledge to improve our own personal nutrition. Host: Jamie Neale @jamienealejn Discussing rituals and habitual patterns in personal and work life. We ask questions about how to become more aware of one self and the world around us, how do we become 360 with ourselves? Host Instagram: @jamienealejn Podcast Instagram: @360_yourself Music from Electric Fruit Produced by Tom Dalby Composed by Toby Wright Should you wish to be on the podcast or have any questions/thoughts please reach out to: community@360yourself.co.uk

Welcome to the #BlackInCompBio Podcast Series.Today we have Dr. Segun Fatumo, an associate professor of Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and the founder of the Nigerian Bioinformatics and Genomics Network. He has made some significant contributions to the field related to genetic risk scores and capacity building for Genomics research throughout Africa, and we are excited to hear about his career journey, research efforts, and outreach. Welcome, Dr. Fatumo!Other News: You may recall that we've recently announced that we are a nonprofit organization. We are now an officially registered 501c3. This means we are a federally recognized tax-exempt organization and can uniquely expand programming and resources. This also means that any donations to BWCB are tax-deductible! We'll share details soon about the best ways to make contributions, but for now, you can visit our verified PayPal charity page for one-time donations. We are incredibly grateful to those who have consistently donated to BWCB thus far. Do know that it has genuinely made a positive impact on our community. To this end, we are pleased to announce that The Black Women in Computational Biology Network has been selected as a 2023 Tech Equity Collective Impact Fund Recipient! Tech Equity Collective, an initiative started by Google, accelerates Black innovation and representation in tech by bringing together community and industry partners to create programs and experiences that lead to tangible progress of Black tech innovators. The TEC Impact Fund, with the support of @GoodieNation, provides financial funding to US Black-in-Tech organizations equipping aspiring Black professionals focused on core engineering and technical roles with the skills and tools to thrive in tech. We are proud Tech Equity Collective Advocates! We're hosting a virtual community mixer on Saturday, June 10th at 12 pm US Eastern Time to celebrate this and many more accomplishments. We'll also be sharing plans for our community stakeholders, hosting roundtables, and creating networking space for you to make new connections with members and other computational biologists. Registration is free, and you can find it at blackwomencompbio.org/events. Different upcoming ways to engage include our June podcast release, our open Journal Club on June 28th, and our long-awaited LIVE Black-In-CompBio seminar on July 26th. To stay current on these engagement opportunities, join as a member or supporter, and follow us on our social platforms.Podcast team: Melyssa Minto, Co-Host, ProducerWinfred Gatua, Co-Host Jenea Adams, Co-Host, Producer, EditorImportant links:BWCB WebsiteRegister for our Community MixerGeneral BWCB linksDonate to BWCB

Elham Afghani, MD, on the Genetic Epidemiology of Pancreatic Cancer by Gastroenterology Learning Network

Once again a podcast guest proves that many of us find our real passion and purpose in midlife.  Sometimes it is very intentional, and other times, life experiences propel us onto a path that was meant to be.The impressive accomplishments of Joanna Zeiger are too numerous to mention, but it wasn't until a horrific biking accident that she discovered her true calling.  You won't want to miss this episode where I speak to an Olympian, champion triathlete, PhD in genetic epidemiology, author, and cannabis researcher.  And yes, this is all the same person!In this episode Joanna Zeiger and I discuss:Joanna has a BA in Psychology from Brown UniversityMS in Genetic Counseling from Northwestern UniversityPhD in Genetic Epidemiology from Johns Hopkins UniversityZeiger competed at the first Olympic triathlon at the 2000 Summer Olympics where she placed fourth and then went on to place fifth in the Ironman World Championship.  She is the first athlete to do both in the same year.  She also won the Ironman 70.3 World Championship in 2008.  Her athletic career ended after a horrific biking accident in 2009.What we know about cannabis:The gateway drug (cannabis) theory has been disproven, however adolescents should not be given cannabis because of the affects on the developing brain.  Children can be given CBD, which is often used for seizure disorders.Micro-dosing for pain during the day can help people function and work with a clearer mind.There are much higher levels of THC in cannabis today than there were back in our high school and college days.Cannabis is still illegal federally, so there is not much research being done, as licenses to do so are hard to get.  CBD studies are much easier to do, because hemp is legal.We have an endocannabinoid system in our bodies.  We make cannabinoids that bind to receptors CB1 and CB2.  When taking exogenous cannabinoids, THC binds much better to the receptors than CBD.Full spectrum CBD will contain some THC (whole plant CBD), whereas broad spectrum CBD has no THC.CBD is not regulated like THC products and lacks testing and labeling guidelines.  There is a lot of variability in the market.  Try to find products that are labeled as lab tested.Cannabis hyperemesis - stomach pain and nausea, which can be alleviated with a hot shower.Canna Research Foundation is looking to do a study on cannabis-induced psychosis, rheumatoid arthritis, athletics, and cannabis allergy.  Canna Research Foundation is non-profit organization.  They are a consortium of researchers and medical professionals who have an interest in understanding how cannabis can be used for a variety of demographic groups and medical conditions in an effort to improve patient treatment for symptom reduction and improved well-being.  They conduct independent research, collaborate with universities, and work with product manufacturers.  Their mission is to execute high quality research in an effort to provide evidence based education to patients, medical providers, and the industry.  http://cannaresearchfoundation.org/Joanna Zeiger's book The Champion Mindset: An Athlete's Guide to Mental ToughnessRace Day Coaching: https://racedaycoaching.com/Joanna Zeiger's email:joannazeiger@comcast.net Follow Asking for a Friend on Social media outlets:https://www.instagram.com/askingforafriend_pod/https://www.facebook.com/askforafriendpod/Please provide a review and share. This helps us grow! https://lovethepodcast.com/AFAF

Joining Clare on this week's Alive & Kicking Podcast is Susan Coote, Exercise & Physiotherapy Coordinator with MS Ireland to discuss their 3,000-push-up challenge for the month of March. Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, Director of the Twins UK study, scientific co-founder at 'ZOE', and one of the world's leading researchers on the microbiome - the large community of microbes that live in our gut, skin, and body - also joins Clare to discuss the some of the misconceptions were have with food and what it really means to have a healthy diet.

Tim Spector is a medical doctor, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, nutrition scientist, microbiome expert and best selling author. He is also the cofounder of Zoe, a health science and personalized nutrition company running the largest in-depth nutrition study in the world. He joins the show to discuss what we've gotten wrong about nutrition, the most prevalent diet myths out there right now, the truth about calories, the gut-brain axis, how to eat to support gut and overall health, why gut issues are so common today and more.   Right now, Sakara is offering our listeners 20% off their first order when they go to Sakara.com/Blondeor enter code BLONDE at checkout.   Go to VEGAMOUR.com/blonde and use code blonde to save twenty percent on your first order!   Article is offering our listeners $50 off your first purchase of $100 or more. To claim, visit article.com/BLONDE and the discount will be automatically applied at checkout.     Produced by Dear Media.

Tim Spector OBE is an award-winning scientist and author, with over 1,000 original articles published in some of the world's top scientific journals placing him in the top 1% of most cited scientists on the planet. As a Professor in Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, and the leader of the world's largest identical twins study, TWINS UK, Tim wrote his best-selling book ‘Identically Different' which makes understanding genetic traits and how our environment impacts our genes, easy for anyone to grasp.He's the co-founder of ZOE a personalised nutrition program from the world's largest nutrition-science study. He's written several books including, ‘The Diet Myth', ‘Spoon Fed', and ‘Food for Life'. Connect with Tim Here: Instagram TwitterTim x The Diary of a CEO I've teamed up with the amazing Company SLOUCH POTATO the most comfortable clothes you will ever wear and they are designed to be Pyjamas! The best part is you can wear them wherever you want. If you use discount code: STORYBOX at checkout you'll receive 10% off. Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/thestorybox. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In 2015 a book was published that, for millions, was their first introduction to the gut microbiome. “The Diet Myth: The Real Science Behind What We Eat” looks at the relationship between microbes, genetics, and diet. A few years later, along came “Spoon-Fed” – a book which claimed to expose the bad science behind many government diet recommendations. The author of both is, of course, Tim Spector, one of the most interesting, engaging, and knowledgeable speakers in the world of food. He is also one of the most qualified. He is Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, honorary consultant physician at Guy's and St Thomas' hospital, and he is one of the top 100 most-cited scientists in the world. He has been on the podcast before, and we were delighted to welcome him back to talk about his new book “Food For Life”. Tim Spector, Professor of Epidemiology Tim Spector is a medically qualified Professor of Epidemiology and Director of the TwinsUK registry at King's College London.  His current work focuses on the microbiome and nutrition, and he is co-founder of the data science company ZOE Ltd which has commercialised a home kit for personalised nutrition.  He is also the lead researcher behind the world's biggest citizen science health project - the ZOE Covid study of over 4 million people, for which he was awarded an OBE.  Having published more than 900 research articles, he is ranked in the top 100 of the world's most-cited scientists by Google.  He is the author of four popular science books, including "The Diet Myth”, “Spoon-Fed” and the most recent “Food for Life" which is a Sunday Times bestseller.  He makes regular appearances on social and mainstream media

Our biology certainly influences our health and behavior, but the environment can also have a significant impact on our health and well-being. Thanks to the fascinating field of epigenetics, we now understand that factors like our nutrition, movement habits, stress levels, and feelings of emotional connection can affect the way our genes are expressed. So today host Rachel dips her toes into the world of science to discuss epigenetics, mental health, and yoga with guest Valerie Knopik. Valerie has a PhD in Psychology and postdoctoral training in Psychiatric and Genetic Epidemiology. Active in mental health research, Valerie has a deep interest in how our internal biology and our external environment (including yoga, mindfulness, and meditation) can interact to positively change our mental health landscape. In this episode, Valerie helps us understand how our genes alone don't determine our physical or mental health, what kind of environmental factors affect our epigenome, and how various yoga practices can make us more resilient to the environmental stressors we inevitably face. Show Notes: What got Valerie interested in science and biological psychology [3:28] Genetics versus epigenetics, how our “environment gets under the skin” [7:04] Defining epigenetics [11:23] Interrelating factors that influence our epigenetics [15:39] The varied roles yoga practice can play [21:19] What research says about the benefits of movement on our epigenome [23:22] Overlaps between the concepts of epigenetics and neural plasticity [29:59] The importance of supporting mental health; how yoga can help [31:43] Yoga practices for burnout [39:34] Valerie's key takeaways [43:57] Links Mentioned: Watch this episode on YouTube Mental Health & Wellness Yoga Teacher Training Recommended Articles: Epi-What? Change Your Internal Landscape Part 2: Epigenetics and How It Reduces Depression and Increases Longevity Światowy et al., “Physical Activity and DNA Methylation in Humans”: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8657566/ Lindholm et al., “An integrative analysis reveals coordinated reprogramming of the epigenome  and the transcriptome in human skeletal muscle after training” Yoga Medicine Online Burnout Series Yoga Medicine Online Monthly Dose: Mental Health Lecture Connect with Valerie Knopik: Instagram | Facebook | Twitter | Yoga Medicine Online Teacher You can learn more about this episode, and see the full show notes at YogaMedicine.com/podcast-49. And you can find out more about insider tips, online classes or information on our teacher trainings at www.YogaMedicine.com. To support our work, please leave us a 5 star review with your feedback on iTunes/Apple Podcasts.

This week Patrick is joined by Tim Spector, professor of Genetic Epidemiology, author, and co-founder of personalised microbiome and nutrition analysis company ZOE. They discuss the microbiome of the human gut and its similarities to the microbiome of soil, exploring how farmers might influence the diversity of several microbiomes through their practices, and how legislation might be altered to support microbial diversity. See more of Tim Spector's work via Twitter, his website and his books Listen to Tim speak on the BBC Food Programme    More Sustainable Food Trust Podcasts Support the Sustainable Food Trust Follow Sustainable Food Trust on Twitter, Instagram or LinkedIn  

What difference would it make if more people rejected cheap bread made using the Chorleywood Process, and moved to eating 'better' bread, i.e bread with fewer ingredients? In this episode Sheila Dillon explores why some scientists, campaigners and academics believe we ought to be eating more 'proper' bread, and puts her body to the test to see what difference it could make. Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and writer, Tim Spector shows Sheila how she can track her blood glucose levels using a sensor to see how her body responds to different kinds of bread, while at the UK Grain Lab event in Nottingham, Sheila meets bakers and campaigners to find out why they believe it matters what kind of bread we eat. In Hendon in North London, a bakery has started producing sourdough bread on a big scale, showing that scaling up production can be done. The bread is being sliced and bagged and sold in supermarkets, with the aim of increasing accessibility to those who cannot easily get to a local bakery. Presented by Sheila Dillon Produced in Bristol by Natalie Donovan

Explaining Science to my Dad is back for a new series! In this episode, Lily answers a puzzling question from listener Shirley about why identical twins are often different. With help from Max, Sergio, and Colette from the Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, Lily introduces Lloyd to the field of epigenetics, and explains why there might be more to the age-old nature vs. nurture question than we think. Credits: Produced by Lily Shepherd. Featuring Colette Christiansen, Max Tomlinson, and Sergio Villicana Munoz. Podcast theme written exclusively for us by Ben Vize (@benvizemusic on Instagram).

The research into the gut microbiome and its relationship with our health is a relatively new and yet to be discovered area. From the evidence we have just how much of our wellbeing relies on us having a healthy gut and optimal food choices? This week's Food for thought sees, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and best-selling author, Tim Spector and I delve deeper into the gut microbiome and how the food we eat interacts with our bodies. Plus for more information, visit Rhitrition.com and Instagram.com/Rhitrition. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Why do women age faster during menopause? Should menopause be rebranded as a hormone deficiency?  Is it ever too late to start HRT? Listen to this episode to find out the answers to these questions and many more! Meet the guests:Doctor Louise Newson is the Founder of Newson Health Menopause & Wellbeing Centre as well as Balance App and The Menopause Charity.  She's a renowned menopause specialist and is dedicated to helping women of all ages understand that menopause doesn't have to be a terrible experience. If you're interested in learning more about her work and tips for anyone in perimenopause or menopause, you can find it in her book - Preparing for Perimenopause and Menopause.Tim Spector is a professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London and the scientific cofounder of ZOE - a health science company committed to helping people understand how their bodies respond to food. Professor Spector wrote two insightful books grounded in latest research that dive deeper into nutrition and the myths of dieting - Spoon Fed and The Diet Myth.Gordan Lauc is the leading scientist in the field of glycobiology and the founder of Genos, the world's largest glycan analysis facility in the world.All of our listeners are invited to use the code WOMENSDAY at the checkout page and get a 20% discount on a GlycanAge test. Watch the video recording of this podcast on YouTube. Engage with us on social media: InstagramFacebookTikTokTwitterLinkedIn

“Genes load the gun, the environment pulls the trigger.”Team, today world-renowned Professor Paul Franks joins us to discuss diabetes, genes vs lifestyle, the nature vs. nurture idea, precision nutrition and more! Professor Franks received his B.S. from Brunel University, his M.S. from Exeter University, his M.Phil. from Cambridge University, and his Ph.D. from Cambridge University. Clearly, the man is a weapon. He focused his education on epidemiology, biostatistics, and genetics and then concentrated his research to study Type 2 Diabetes, specifically lifestyle interventions to improve health. Currently, he is the Genetic Epidemiology and Deputy Director at Lund University Diabetes Center in Sweden, the Genetic & Molecular Epidemiology Unit., and he is an Adjunct Professor at Harvard Chan School of Public Health in Boston. Professor Franks is truly one of the most knowledgeable people I have had the privilege to talk to in this space. He is also an elite athlete having run 50ks at 11 years old and having completed his first Iron Man at 21. In this episode we discuss what disease is, specifically diabetes, and how it is affected through genes, lifestyle, and the ways we can prevent it. Specifically, we discuss:How to eat, train, and get good sleep all in a way that is healthy, disease preventative, and ENJOYABLE. In this episode we breakdown the nature vs nurture mythHow can we adopt a healthy lifestyle to prevent diabetes and improve our performance when the foods offered to us are in direct contradictionDoes our current science telling us how to improve the way we eat decrease mortality or do we need a better approach?We dive into using machine learning to find the best optimized food for individuals to combat diabetes We explain precision nutrition and how it can be used to prevent diseaseWe discuss the struggles in accumulating strong nutritional dataAnd Professor Franks provides a rule of thumb to ensure you are eating healthy:Less processed foodsPlant centric Everything in moderationLegends! I am so thrilled to have the opportunity to learn from professionals such as Professor Paul Franks, and I owe so much of this opportunity to you my epic team so I want to say THANK YOU!You can find Professor Paul Frank's info below:Professor Frank's TwitterProfessor Frank's Harvard Page

HighlightsIntroduction | The episode begins with a short explanation of what clinicogenomics is and how that relates to our DNA, along with the impact of rare diseases in the United States. 04:42 Roundtable | Allison Pullins and Dr. Ashley Brenton | Callie, Allison and Dr. Brenton talk about what life is like when a family member has a rare disease, from the difficult and confusing journey toward a diagnosis to the search for a scientific breakthrough.26:32 Roundtable | Dr. Alex Liede and  Dr. Ashley Brenton | After hearing the patient perspective from Allison, Callie and Dr. Brenton are joined by Dr. Liede to hear about his work as a genetic epidemiologist, where he uses genetic information and real-world evidence to study disease in populations. They discuss the type of data necessary for Dr. Liede's work, how it can help with drug development and what the future of the field may look like. 42:37 Conclusion| Stacey and Callie close out the episode with a brief reflection on the two conversations and a preview of what's waiting in the next episode.ResourcesThe National Economic Burden of Rare Disease Study (Everylife Foundation)Clinicogenomics for life sciencesGuestsAllison Pullins, Rare disease parent and advocateDr. Alex Liede, Head of Real-World Evidence and Partnerships in Global Epidemiology, AbbVieDr. Ashley Brenton, Vice President Real World Evidence and Genomics, Optum The views, opinions, and content expressed in this podcast do not necessarily reflect the views, opinions, or policies of Optum.Visit optum.com for more information about how Optum is helping to create a healthier world. 

Two of the most important issues in administering a medication are the right patient and the right drug. Correct medications must be strictly given to the right patient and doctors must ensure that the medications given are up to date and as prescribed to prevent drug errors. Not all medications work for everyone so it is crucial to diagnose the patient correctly to prescribe the correct medicine for them. This is why healthcare is rapidly moving towards precision medicine. Precision medicine, also known as personalized medicine, is at its core for matching the right drug for the right patient. It offers a greater understanding of diseases and finds the intervention and treatment that best suits the patient's needs by focusing on their genetics, environment, and lifestyle. Some studies show that many diseases are linked to genetic mutations thus, genes play a big role in how a certain disease starts.As we talk about the future of medicine, Dr. Dung Trinh is joined by the Principal Investigator of the All of Us Research Program, Dr. Hoda Anton-Culver, to share how their program works and how it focuses on collaborating with populations who are traditionally underrepresented in biomedical research. To shape the future of medicine, they welcome everyone to participate in this study regardless of culture, gender, and nationality.Participating in research like this is a great opportunity not only for your benefit but could also shape the future of medicine for the next generation. Click the play button and learn more about what this research is all about! Memorable Quotes:“We are looking for any single condition, and characteristic that's why we have availability to huge data.” - Dr. Hoda Anton-Culver“Not everyone responds to a medication the same way.” - Dr. Hoda Anton-Culver“We cannot treat every patient with the same cookie cutter.” - Dr. Dung TrinhOther Resources:https://allofus.health.uci.edu/Important Points:Everyone is welcome to participate in the All of Us Research ProgramThe scope of the All of Us program covers different topics such as diet, health, family history of the disease, environmental factors, and more.The program doesn't target testing for a particular disease but focuses on genetic information, lifestyle activities, and nutrition.About the Guests:Hoda Anton-Culver, Ph.D., is the principal investigator of All of Us Research Program, the founding director of Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute, and a professor in the Department of Medicine School of Medicine, UCI Health. Her research interests include Precision Medicine, Cancer Epidemiology, Genetic Epidemiology, Disease Prevention, and Translational Epidemiology.About the Host:Dung Trinh, MD is the Chief Medical Officer of Irvine Clinical Research, medical missionary with TongueOut Medical Missions, and holds leadership positions with multiple health care organizations in Orange County. He is a keynote speaker, best-selling author, and Host of “Health Talks with Dr. Trinh” which can be heard weekly on OC Talk Radio.Connect with Dr. TrinhHealthTalks OC WebsiteLinkedIn

Dr. Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, joins me once again in this much anticipated follow-up episode to talk through my ZOE gut microbiome test results and share recommendations for next steps. Also – a quick update on what's been happening behind the scenes of my personal health journey. LINKS ✧ Gut Microbiome & Our Wellness: Tim Spector interview, part 1 | www.podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-gut-microbiome-our-wellness-whats-the-connection/id1459883591?i=1000517263457✧ More about + by Tim Spector | www.tim-spector.co.uk

Ever wondered why science seems to flip flop so hard on nutrition? Like, why wine is good for you one day...and not the next? Or, how health professionals can have such different views on what makes for good nutrition? Nutrition isn't one size fits all, but that's how we've been trying to study it. Until now. I'm talking to rock star researcher Professor Tim Spector about how nutrition is influenced by the microbiome - and vice versa - and what it means for the future of truly personalized nutrition. Tim Spector is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at Kings College London and honorary consultant Physician at Guys and St Thomas' Hospitals. He is also an expert in personalised medicine and the gut microbiome and started the famous UK Twin Registry in 1993. He is the lead researcher behind the world's biggest citizen science health project – the Covid Symptom study app for which he was awarded an OBE. This free tool has been used by more than 4 million people in the UK, US, and Sweden. The app identified new symptoms of the disease and risk factors as well as monitoring its progress to warn health authorities. The app is sponsored by Department of Health and Social Care the U.K. government department responsible for government policy on health and adult social care. Through his work he has been given many awards and prizes and is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology and the Academy of Medical Sciences. He has published over 900 scientific papers and is ranked by Google as being in the top 100 most cited scientists in the world. He has published four popular books- including the best-selling Diet Myth and more recently, Spoon-Fed, a Sunday Times bestseller. He writes health blogs, which have been read by more than ten million people and appears regularly in the media all around the world. On this episode, we cover: How Professor Spector went from studying rheumatology to the microbiome and personalized nutrition How the microbiome changes in response to nutrition Which dietary factors cause inflammation How blood sugars impact feelings of hunger How scientific inquiry actually works and why it makes nutrition seem so confusing The inherent biases in nutrition science and how it impacts what we know Why calories don't actually count Can we predict our metabolic responses to the foods we eat? What the PREDICT studies tell us. How PREDICT lead to Zoe, a groundbreaking citizen science app that is helping us personalize our nutrition This episode really helps give you a sneak peek into the world of nutrition science and will help quiet all of the white noise online. I would love to hear your thoughts - you can screenshot and tag us @desireenielsenrd @theallsortspod @tim.spector @zoe If you love it, please share it with someone you think would benefit from it! Connect with Prof Spector Website: www.tim-spector.co.uk Instagram: @tim.spector @zoe Pick up Professor Spector's Books Spoon-Fed (coming to US/Canada 2022) The Diet Myth Love what you're hearing? Sign up for Desiree's weekly newsletter where she shares her latest blogs, podcasts as well as in-depth insights and some of her favourite things.

Food is our primary source of energy, growth, and health – but not always. We figure out the rights and wrongs about food with Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and best-selling author.

New research shows that people who experience big dips in blood sugar levels, several hours after eating, end up feeling hungrier and consuming hundreds of more calories during the day than others.New results from PREDICT, the largest ongoing nutritional research program in the world that looks at responses to food in real-life settings, show that people who experience big dips in blood sugar levels, several hours after eating, end up feeling hungrier and consuming hundreds of more calories during the day than others.Published last month in Nature Metabolism, the research team at health science company ZOE found why some people struggle to lose weight, even on calorie-controlled diets, and highlight the importance of understanding personal metabolism when it comes to diet and health. The research team collected detailed data about blood sugar responses and other markers of health from 1,070 people after eating standardized breakfasts and freely chosen meals over a two-week period, adding up to more than 8,000 breakfasts and 70,000 meals in total. The standard breakfasts were based on muffins containing the same amount of calories but varying in composition in terms of carbohydrates, protein, fat, and fibre. Participants also carried out a fasting blood sugar response test (oral glucose tolerance test), to measure how well their body processes sugar. Tim Spector joins us today to tell us more about this study and its use of twins to explore eating habits. He is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King’s College London and a scientific co-founder of ZOE. Want better health and nutrition? Now you can get personalized supplement recommendations and custom vitamin packs delivered to your door! Go to PersonaNutrition.com/Roizen and take your free assessment and get 50% off your order today. - sponsor  BonusHow Your Diet Affects Your Risk for Cancer

New research shows that people who experience big dips in blood sugar levels, several hours after eating, end up feeling hungrier and consuming hundreds of more calories during the day than others.New results from PREDICT, the largest ongoing nutritional research program in the world that looks at responses to food in real-life settings, show that people who experience big dips in blood sugar levels, several hours after eating, end up feeling hungrier and consuming hundreds of more calories during the day than others.Published last month in Nature Metabolism, the research team at health science company ZOE found why some people struggle to lose weight, even on calorie-controlled diets, and highlight the importance of understanding personal metabolism when it comes to diet and health. The research team collected detailed data about blood sugar responses and other markers of health from 1,070 people after eating standardized breakfasts and freely chosen meals over a two-week period, adding up to more than 8,000 breakfasts and 70,000 meals in total. The standard breakfasts were based on muffins containing the same amount of calories but varying in composition in terms of carbohydrates, protein, fat, and fibre. Participants also carried out a fasting blood sugar response test (oral glucose tolerance test), to measure how well their body processes sugar. Tim Spector joins us today to tell us more about this study and its use of twins to explore eating habits. He is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King’s College London and a scientific co-founder of ZOE. Want better health and nutrition? Now you can get personalized supplement recommendations and custom vitamin packs delivered to your door! Go to PersonaNutrition.com/Roizen and take your free assessment and get 50% off your order today. - sponsor  BonusHow Your Diet Affects Your Risk for Cancer

ZOE has been the source of some of the most groundbreaking research around nutrition and how the food we eat affects us individually. Formed three years ago when Tim Spector joined forces with Jonathan Wolf and George Hadjigeorgiou, ZOE was founded on the belief that new technologies could enable scientific research at an unprecedented scale, allowing us to understand individual responses in the real world.ZOE has given us a greater understanding of our highly individual responses to nutrients and stimulus, thanks to their pioneering studies. In this Table Talk we look back to the discussions we've had with Tim Spector, Jonathan Wolf and PREDICT 2 research lead Dr. Sarah Berry, and highlight the insight they've uncovered through their research.About our guestsJonathan Wolf, Co-Founder & CEO, ZOEJonathan is a cofounder and CEO of ZOE, a nutritional science company on a mission to help people eat with confidence.Previously he was Chief Product Officer for machine learning company Criteo, helping take the business in 7 years from start-up to NASDAQ IPO, 2,000 employees and over $1Bn revenue. Prior to this Jonathan worked at Yahoo, Atlas Venture and Boston Consulting Group.Jonathan attended Oxford University where he received the Gibbs prize for Physics and was President of the Oxford Union, and was then at Harvard doing a non-degree program.He has been a Foundation Fellow at Corpus Christi College Oxford since 2015.Dr. Sarah Berry, Senior Lecturer, Kings College London, and Research Lead, Predict 2Dr Sarah Berry’s research interests relate to the influence of dietary components on cardiometabolic disease risk; with particular focus on postprandial metabolism and vascular dysfunction. Since commencing her research career at King’s College London in 2000, she has been the academic leader for more than 30 human nutrition studies in cardio-metabolic health. Sarah’s ongoing research involves human and mechanistic studies to elucidate how markers of cardiometabolic health can be modulated following acute and chronic intakes of different fatty acids and interesterified fats, as well as studies to investigate the influence of cell wall integrity on macronutrient and micronutrient release from different plant-based foods. Sarah is also the lead nutritional scientist on the world’s largest ongoing programme of postprandial metabolic studies (the PREDICT studies), assessing the genetic, metabolic, metagenomic, and meal-dependent effects on postprandial metabolic responses.Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and Director of the TwinsUK Registry at Kings College, London, and Co-founder, ZOETim Spector is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and Director of the TwinsUK Registry at Kings College, London and has recently been elected to the prestigious Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences. He trained originally in rheumatology and epidemiology. In 1992 he moved into genetic epidemiology and founded the UK Twins Registry, of 13,000 twins, which is the richest collection of genotypic and phenotypic information worldwide. He is past President of the International Society of Twin Studies, directs the European Twin Registry Consortium (Discotwin) and collaborates with over 120 centres worldwide. He has demonstrated the genetic basis of a wide range of common complex traits, many previously thought to be mainly due to ageing and environment.Through genetic association studies (GWAS), his group have found over 500 novel gene loci in over 50 disease areas. He has published over 800 research articles and is ranked as being in the top 1% of the world’s most cited scientists by Thomson-Reuters. He held a prestigious European Research Council senior investigator award in epigenetics and is a NIHR Senior Investigator. His current work focuses on omics and the microbiome and directs the crowdfunded British Gut microbiome project. Together with an international team of leading scientists including researchers from King’s College London, Massachusetts General Hospital, Tufts University, Stanford University and nutritional science company ZOE he  is conducting the largest scientific nutrition research project, showing that individual responses to the same foods are unique, even between identical twins. You can find more on https://joinzoe.com/ He is a prolific writer with several popular science books and a regular blog, focusing on genetics, epigenetics and most recently microbiome and diet (The Diet Myth). He is in demand as a public speaker and features regularly in the media.

We've heard it a million times: ‘You are what you eat.' As researchers deliver more science about nutrition and how it affects the microbes in our intestinal tract — our gut microbiome — we're learning that what we eat is key in managing, treating and even preventing health issues from inflammatory bowel disease to carb cravings to mental illness. Dr. Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at Kings College London, joins me to share his fascinating research on microbes, genetics and diet – and how they're all connected.LINKS✧ More about + by Tim Spector | www.tim-spector.co.uk✧ Spoon Fed: Why Almost Everything We've Been Told About Food Is Wrong | www.tim-spector.co.uk/spoonfed/✧ The Diet Myth: The Real Science Behind What We Eat | https://www.tim-spector.co.uk/the-diet-myth/✧ FUELED Podcast on Nutritional Psychiatry: Food + Mood | https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/nutritional-psychiatry-exploring-food-mood/id1459883591?i=1000489309849✧ Priority access to Zoe at-home test kit | https://joinzoe.com/tim [sponsors include www.coastal.com/fueled for 30% off prescription glasses or sunglasses + free shipping, and www.MyBillie.com/FUELED for $9 starter kit + free shipping always]

Tim Spector, best-selling author of The Diet Myth and Spoon-Fed and Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, joins me to discuss why so many so-called "diet truths" are ANYTHING but. Tim's also going to explain why breakfast is NOT the most important meal of the day and talk about one much-maligned food that's actually GREAT for your health, plus so much more. Full transcript and show notes: drgundry.com/tim-spector This episode of The Dr. Gundry Podcast is brought to you by Thrive Market. Go to ThriveMarket.com/GUNDRYPODCAST and get 25% off your first order AND a FREE gift!

In this episode of the Shane Walsh Fitness Podcast I spoke with Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and Head of the Department of Twin Research at King’s College London and author of The Diet Myth & Spoon Fed Buy the books: click here www.zoe.com @tim.spector We chat about Is breakfast key for weight loss? Watching out for labelling Is veganism better for you? Intolerance tests How much alcohol is healthy for you?   Online coaching www.shanewalshfitness.com/onlinecoaching Please leave a review on iTunes

Tim Spector is Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London.  He has won several academic awards and published over 700 academic papers, a large proportion of which relate directly to nutrition and the causes of obesity. Since 2011 he has been leading the largest microbiome project in the UK, using genetic sequencing to study the bacteria in the guts of 5,000 twins. He is the lead investigator for BRITISH GUT, the UK's largest open-source science project to understand the microbial diversity of the human gut. He is a prolific writer with several popular science and diet books, the most recent of which will be the focus of today’s conversation.  That book is called Spoon-Fed: Why Almost Everything We’ve Been Told about Food is Wrong.  If you’ve never questioned the conventional “wisdom” when it comes to the food choices you make or you just geek out on nutrition and anything to do with the gut (like me), then this is a must listen.   Here are some of the things we talked about in today’s podcast:      Why personalized nutrition is the way forward and the problem with ‘one size fits all’ diets.     The diet myth and if you look after your gut how your gut will look after you.     The most unsupportive myth for people with fat or weight loss goals.     The optimal diet and lifestyle for gut health.     What do look out for when choosing fish, meat and plants to eat.      Studying identical twins and what that shows us about weight loss and genetics.     Why you can’t out exercise a bad diet and the importance of gut microbes for weight loss.     Breaking down all the major nutritional misconceptions and myths out there.  SHOWNOTES: Tim’s Website: https://www.tim-spector.co.uk/ Tim’s Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/tim.spector/?hl=en Tim’s Books: https://tinyurl.com/3bkfyj83 https://tinyurl.com/2bv4d6zs https://tinyurl.com/c6wxp5ns   BRIAN'S LINKS: The online business podcast https://briankeanefitness.com/business-podcast/ How to move your PT business online course https://briankeanefitness.com/online-business-course/ Rewire Your Mindset course (new): https://briankeanefitness.com/rewire-your-mindset-course/ BKF Online Course: https://briankeanefitness.com/bkf-online/

In this podcast we talk to Professor Cathryn Lewis (https://www.kcl.ac.uk/people/cathryn-lewis) , Professor of Genetic Epidemiology & Statistics, Head of Department, Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London. Cathryn discusses the work of her research group and how determining the polygenic component of mental health disorders can be accurately measured, and how to use genetics to assess people's risk of mental disorder. Cathryn also explains how are polygenic risk scores helpful for child and adolescent mental health professionals, and why should they take an interest in this, and how to translate research into clinical use. More free mental health resources at ww.acamh.org

Is everything we have been told about nutrition wrong? And have we questioned prevailing dietary dogma enough? Are we asking the right questions in nutrition science and if not, how do we rectify it?Professor Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at Kings College London and honorary consultant Physician at Guys and St Thomas’ Hospitals is my guest this week and we dive into these questions and more.He is the lead researcher behind the world’s biggest citizen science health project – the Covid Symptom study app. This free tool has been used by more than 4 million people in the UK, US, and Sweden. The app identified new symptoms of the disease and risk factors as well as monitoring its progress to warn health authorities. He has published four popular books- including the best-selling Diet Myth and more recently, Spoon-Fed, a Sunday Times bestseller that I think is absolutely fantastic.On the show today we talk about:Why the calorie in calorie out dogma is entirely flawedWhy salt may not be the prime suspectThe approach to pesticides we should takeArtificially sweetened beveragesPractical suggestions for how to live healthierWhat the future of personalised nutrition could holdCheck out The Doctor's Kitchen website for full show notes and social media links for this episode See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Should we cut out all sugar? Go gluten-free? What about intermittent fasting or the flat-belly tea that Instagrammers love? We are overwhelmed with conflicting and often inaccurate recommendations on what to eat. Most of that information is pushed on us by massive corporations, government agencies, and social media influencers who have a vested interest in what we consume. What is the truth when it comes to nutrition? Dr. Tim Spector uses his vast expertise to give us scientifically-based advice so we can take personal responsibility and rethink our whole relationship with food. In SPOON-FED, Spector debunks the “one-size-fits-all” to nutrition; with his company ZOE, he addresses how to use AI to personalize and democratize individual nutrition advice; and with ZOE’s COVID Symptom Study App, he’s helping The Two Jess(es) understand important connections between COVID-19 and nutrition. Meet Dr. Spector!Tim Spector is in the top 1% of scientists cited globally. He is an expert in gut health and a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King’s College London, director of the Twins UK study, and one of the world’s leading researchers. He is the scientific co-founder of ZOE, a senior researcher of the PREDICT study, and the creator of the COVID Symptom Study App. He is also a multi-award winning expert in personalized medicine, food policy, and the gut microbiome and the author of four books, including the bestselling The Diet Myth. He regularly appears on TV and radio worldwide and has written for Scientific American, the Guardian, BMJ, and many other publications.Support the show (http://www.paypal.com)

Tim Spector – epidemiologist, researcher & writer on the microbiome, nutrition & genomics and whose Zoe symptom tracking app is providing vital information about the Covid-19 virus. Tim is also well known for his approach to personalised nutrition. In his latest book - Spoon-Fed, why almost everything we've been told about food is wrong - Tim tackles some pretty controversial topics including calorie counting, the allergy epidemic, gluten-free, why coffee can save your life, and nutrition for mental health. Today we're going to chat about two of these topics – caffeine, and the role of the microbiome in mental health So the 1st myth is “drinking coffee is bad for your health” What does the evidence suggest is the safe upper limit to number of cups of coffee per day?  Is it OK to drink mostly coffee/tea and nothing else each day? “food only impacts the health of your body, not your mind” I've heard you on other podcasts discussing wild salmon as a good source of omega-3. If we are limited to supermarket shopping how can we best support our health with omega-3 i.e. is it tinned wild salmon? What natural probiotics in the form of fermented foods do you regularly add to your diet, and what are the easily accessible and affordable forms for general public? A good place to start for improved mental health is variety – eating 30 different plant species per week. Do you have a link to examples of these types of foods – perhaps you've used an infographic on social media we might include in the show notes or could you give us some examples? If you were in charge of public health & nutrition which 3 major changes would you make to improve diets and health of the nation? About Tim In the course of research, Tim Spector has been shocked to discover how little scientific evidence there is for many of our most deep-rooted ideas about food. much of the current advice about food and nutrition is dangerously inaccurate, misleading and often downright wrong In twenty-two short, myth-busting chapters, his latest book Spoon-Fed reveals why almost everything we've been told about food is wrong. Tim pays special attention to the scandalous lack of good science behind many medical and government food recommendations, and how the food industry holds sway over these policies and our choices. Spoon-Fed forces us to question every diet plan, official recommendation, miracle cure or food label we encounter, and encourages us to rethink our whole relationship with food. As a scientist, within the last few years, Tim focused all his energies in researching the microbiome, the large community of microbes that live in our gut, skin and body. Although the research is new and ongoing, we already know that these beings play a highly important role in our health and the current epidemics of obesity, diabetes, allergy and even depression. A small trail over the internet will expose you to thousands of theories on what to eat and what to exclude to be thinner, healthier, and happier. Following three years of exhaustive research, his book The Diet Myth was born, dispelling many nutritional myths and asking how our diets can improve the health of our gut microbes. Tim believes that Diversity, both in the food we eat and the microbes we feed is the key. The trillions of microbes in our gut play an important role in digesting food and producing a number of chemicals vital for a strong immune system. We know that the greater the number of different types of microbe the healthier we can be. This microbial diversity is achieved by eating a wide array of real and fermented foods, not excluding them. Tim Spector is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and Director of the TwinsUK Registry at Kings College, London and has recently been elected to the prestigious Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences. He trained originally in rheumatology and epidemiology. In 1992 he moved into genetic epidemiology and founded the UK Twins Registry, of 13,000 twins, which is the richest collection of genotypic and phenotypic information worldwide. He is past President of the International Society of Twin Studies, directs the European Twin Registry Consortium (Discotwin) and collaborates with over 120 centres worldwide. He has demonstrated the genetic basis of a wide range of common complex traits, many previously thought to be mainly due to ageing and environment. Through genetic association studies (GWAS), his group have found over 500 novel gene loci in over 50 disease areas. He has published over 800 research articles and is ranked as being in the top 1% of the world's most cited scientists by Thomson-Reuters. He held a prestigious European Research Council senior investigator award in epigenetics and is a NIHR Senior Investigator. His current work focuses on omics and the microbiome and directs the crowdfunded British Gut microbiome project. Together with an international team of leading scientists including researchers from King's College London, Massachusetts General Hospital, Tufts University, Stanford University and nutritional science company ZOE he is conducting the largest scientific nutrition research project, showing that individual responses to the same foods are unique, even between identical twins. You can find more on https://joinzoe.com/  Follow Tim on the following social media channels: Website: tim-spector.co.uk and www.joinzoe.com  Instagram: @tim.spector Twitter: @timspector  

On today's episode, we're going to be talking to Professor Tim Specter OBE on the benefits of a healthy gut and how your diet can heal you and your overall health. Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and the Director of Twins U.K. Registry at King's College, London. His work focuses on OMICS, the microbiome, and he directs the U.K. funded Gut Microbiome Project. Professor Tim is a prolific writer with several popular science books and a regular blog focusing on genetics, epigenetics and most recently, the gut microbiome. Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/fitterhealthierdad. Our GDPR privacy policy was updated on August 8, 2022. Visit acast.com/privacy for more information.

It’s a bold claim: that (almost) everything you’ve been told about food is wrong. But by the end of today’s conversation, I think you’ll be questioning what you previously thought was true and embarking on a new way of eating that’s right for you.My guest, Tim Spector, is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and Head of the Department of Twin Research at King’s College London. He’s a leading expert on the gut microbiome whose work has transformed what we know about nutrition and health.Tim’s latest work highlights how much we really don’t know about food. Aside from the consensus that plant foods are good for us, ultra-processed junk foods are not, there’s very little evidence or expert agreement on anything else. So there’s most definitely not a one-size-fits-all ‘correct’ way to eat.During our chat we cover calorie counting, artificial sweeteners, the dangers of ultra-processed foods and how poor science lets the food industry maintain that its products are healthy, simply because they’ve not been proven to be harmful. We discuss the benefits of fasting, and the perception that you need to graze all day. The diet industry perpetuates the myth that if we don’t have a snack to hand at all times, we’ll have an energy dip, lack focus and we might even faint! For most of us, it’s actually the reverse that’s true.With this in mind, we agree that nutrition should be at the heart of the curriculum in schools. Our children can cope at school without mid-morning and afternoon snacks. I share Tim’s passion that we should be teaching our children how to recognise real versus fake food with the same enthusiasm that we teach them to read and write.I find the concept of personalised nutrition hugely empowering. As Tim states in his most recent book, ‘You are very unlikely to be average’. I’ve seen it first-hand with my patients, many of whom respond completely differently to the same ways of eating. It’s why I describe my approach as ‘diet agnostic’ and, like Tim, I’d actively encourage you to start experimenting with what, how and when you eat. I hope this conversation inspires you to explore what makes you thrive. Show notes available at drchatterjee.com/131Follow me on instagram.com/drchatterjee/Follow me on facebook.com/DrChatterjee/Follow me on twitter.com/drchatterjeeukDISCLAIMER: The content in the podcast and on this webpage is not intended to constitute or be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your doctor or other qualified health care provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have heard on the podcast or on my website. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Persistent coughing in children is always a challenge, both for parents trying to describe and measure the cough, and for doctors making a diagnosis. In the current climate, this is all the more difficult, seeing as a continual cough is one of the major symptoms of COVID-19. UK Government guidance advises that anyone with a persistent cough should get a coronavirus test. But with the reopening of schools and the beginning of the cold & flu season both coinciding with a national shortage of tests available, should we all err on the side of caution and try to get a test at the first sign of a cough or sniffle, or can the data on cold virus symptoms help parents and GPs make an informed judgement on the likelihood that their child's cough indicates COVID? Our guests: Tim Spector is a professor of Genetic Epidemiology, and director of the TwinsUK Registry, at King's College London. Edward Snelson is a paediatrician in the paediatric emergency department at Sheffield Children's Hospital.

Persistent coughing in children is always a challenge, both for parents trying to describe and measure the cough, and for doctors making a diagnosis. In the current climate, this is all the more difficult, seeing as a continual cough is one of the major symptoms of COVID-19. UK Government guidance advises that anyone with a persistent cough should get a coronavirus test. But with the reopening of schools and the beginning of the cold & flu season both coinciding with a national shortage of tests available, should we all err on the side of caution and try to get a test at the first sign of a cough or sniffle, or can the data on cold virus symptoms help parents and GPs make an informed judgement on the likelihood that their child's cough indicates COVID? Our guests: Tim Spector is a professor of Genetic Epidemiology, and director of the TwinsUK Registry, at King's College London. Edward Snelson is a paediatrician in the paediatric emergency department at Sheffield Children's Hospital.

It's been six months since the coronavirus-induced lockdown was introduced across the UK - what have we learned about Covid-19 in that time? David Aaronovitch explores what we now know about the science of the virus, the symptoms it produces, and the policies which have been developed to tackle its spread.Contributors: Ravi Gupta, Professor of Clinical Microbiology, University of CambridgeTim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology. King's College LondonThomas Hale, Associate Professor in Global Public Policy, University of OxfordKeith Neal, Emeritus Professor in the Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, University of Nottingham Team: Richard Fenton-Smith, Kirsteen Knight and Julie Ball. Studio Manager: Rod Farquhar Editor: Jasper Corbett

The research that Professor Tim Spector has been involved in has been ground-breaking in revealing our highly individualised responses to food. In his latest book, Spoon-fed, he details how almost everything we've been told about nutrition is wrong. Join us for a fascinating conversation with Tim about his book, and find out why he thinks that we need to have honest discussions about food, how to challenge outdated thinking about nutrition, and how the industry has to play a leading role in improving health. About Tim Spector Tim Spector is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and Director of the TwinsUK Registry at Kings College, London and has recently been elected to the prestigious Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences. He trained originally in rheumatology and epidemiology. In 1992 he moved into genetic epidemiology and founded the UK Twins Registry, of 13,000 twins, which is the richest collection of genotypic and phenotypic information worldwide. He is past President of the International Society of Twin Studies, directs the European Twin Registry Consortium (Discotwin) and collaborates with over 120 centres worldwide. He has demonstrated the genetic basis of a wide range of common complex traits, many previously thought to be mainly due to ageing and environment. Through genetic association studies (GWAS), his group have found over 500 novel gene loci in over 50 disease areas. He has published over 800 research articles and is ranked as being in the top 1% of the world’s most cited scientists by Thomson-Reuters. He held a prestigious European Research Council senior investigator award in epigenetics and is a NIHR Senior Investigator. His current work focuses on omics and the microbiome and directs the crowdfunded British Gut microbiome project. Together with an international team of leading scientists including researchers from King’s College London, Massachusetts General Hospital, Tufts University, Stanford University and nutritional science company ZOE he  is conducting the largest scientific nutrition research project, showing that individual responses to the same foods are unique, even between identical twins. You can find more on https://joinzoe.com/ He is a prolific writer with several popular science books and a regular blog, focusing on genetics, epigenetics and most recently microbiome and diet (The Diet Myth). He is in demand as a public speaker and features regularly in the media.

In this very special 5x15 Future of Food event, we cut through the confusion with Henry Dimbleby, Tim Spector, Dee Woods, Tasha Mhakayakora and Rosie Boycott. Tim Spector - Spoon-Fed: Why almost everything we've been told about food is wrong Tim Spector, author of the best-selling The Diet Myth, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, and expert in the gut and how we treat it. He'll draw on pioneering research into microbes, genetics and diet and talk about his new book, Spoon Fed, to reveal why almost everything we've been told about food is wrong. Dee Woods - Stories of food during the pandemic Dee Woods, award-winning cook and community food educator, who works on the front line in food banks, and will speak of her first-hand experience of the devastating impacts of the current crisis on many people's ability to access food. Henry Dimbleby - The National Food Strategy Henry Dimbleby, the co-founder of Leon restaurants, co-author of the School Food Plan and leading the National Food strategy, on how to ensure our country is well-fed. Tasha Mhakayakora - Healthy food for all young people Tasha is co-chair on the Youth Board at Bite Back 2030: an organisation that is working to redesign the food system to put health at the forefront of its operations. As a passionate activist, Tasha is campaigning to break down barriers to, and disparities in, the accessibility and availability of healthy food for all young people. She believes every child should have the opportunity to thrive and be healthy, no matter where they live. Hosted by: Rosie Boycott Rosie Boycott, food campaigner, cross bench peer and co -founder of 5x15, on the global food system and how it shapes ourselves and our planet. 5x15 brings together outstanding individuals to tell of their lives and inspirations. This talk was recorded at the online 5x15 event on 2nd September 2020. Learn more about 5x15 events: 5x15stories.com Twitter: www.twitter.com/5x15stories Facebook: www.facebook.com/5x15stories Instagram: www.instagram.com/5x15stories

Dr. Tim Spector Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King’s College London and author of “Spoon-Fed: Why almost everything we’ve been told about food is wrong” joins Sean on the show.

 Hey Team, we are back with another exciting episode of The Epic Table podcast! Today we have Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and founder of the Twins UK registry with over 13,000 twins at kings College, London. Tim is also the author of the book "Identically different: The Real Science Behind What We Eat," "The Diet Myth: Why You Can Change Your Genes," and his newest title, "Spoon-Fed." Today's we talk about how we can strengthen our immune system against various pathogens. Spector touches on his research and we learn that while twins may share the same genes, their microbes say otherwise. Spector is doing outstanding research through his app "COVID Symptom Study" which helped Spector and his team come to the conclusion that poor treatment of an individual's microbiome may be the catalyst for contracting the disease. If you want to learn more about Tim Spector and the research he and his team are doing you can check out the COVID Symptom Study Website ( https://covid.joinzoe.com/us ), the PREDICT app ( http://www.tim-spector.co.uk/predict/ ), you can also find him on Instagram (@Tim.Spector https://www.instagram.com/tim.spector/). Talking Points Are identical twins 100% the same? How can we test that? 00;08;56;11 What are the differences between genes and microbes? 00;15;47;02 What are the symptoms of an unhealthy gut? The benefits of having a healthy gut. 00;32;21;28 How does a virus evolve? 00;35;03;24 Are parasites good for the body? 00;39;21;04 You heard it from Dr. Will Bulsiewicz and now from Professor Tim Spector, take care of your gut legends! Identically different: The Real Science Behind What We Eat -http://www.tim-spector.co.uk/identically-different/ The Diet Myth: Why You Can Change Your Genes -http://www.tim-spector.co.uk/the-diet-myth/ Spoon-Fed: Why almost everything we've been told about food is wrong -https://www.amazon.com.au/dp/1787332292?_encoding=UTF8&tag=prhau08-22

The Gary Null Show is here to inform you on the best news in health, healing, the environment. Green tea ingredient may ameliorate memory impairment, brain insulin resistance, and obesity Northwest A&F University (China), July 28, 2020 A study published online in The FASEB Journal, involving mice, suggests that EGCG (epigallocatechin-3-gallate), the most abundant catechin and biologically active component in green tea, could alleviate high-fat and high-fructose (HFFD)-induced insulin resistance and cognitive impairment. Previous research pointed to the potential of EGCG to treat a variety of human diseases, yet until now, EGCG's impact on insulin resistance and cognitive deficits triggered in the brain by a Western diet remained unclear. "Green tea is the second most consumed beverage in the world after water, and is grown in at least 30 countries," said Xuebo Liu, Ph.D., a researcher at the College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, in Yangling, China. "The ancient habit of drinking green tea may be a more acceptable alternative to medicine when it comes to combatting obesity, insulin resistance, and memory impairment." Liu and colleagues divided 3-month-old male C57BL/6J mice into three groups based on diet: 1) a control group fed with a standard diet, 2) a group fed with an HFFD diet, and 3) a group fed with an HFFD diet and 2 grams of EGCG per liter of drinking water. For 16 weeks, researchers monitored the mice and found that those fed with HFFD had a higher final body weight than the control mice, and a significantly higher final body weight than the HFFD+EGCG mice. In performing a Morris water maze test, researchers found that mice in the HFFD group took longer to find the platform compared to mice in the control group. The HFFD+EGCG group had a significantly lower escape latency and escape distance than the HFFD group on each test day. When the hidden platform was removed to perform a probe trial, HFFD-treated mice spent less time in the target quadrant when compared with control mice, with fewer platform crossings. The HFFD+EGCG group exhibited a significant increase in the average time spent in the target quadrant and had greater numbers of platform crossings, showing that EGCG could improve HFFD-induced memory impairment. "Many reports, anecdotal and to some extent research-based, are now greatly strengthened by this more penetrating study," said Thoru Pederson, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief of The FASEB Journal.       Medieval medicine remedy could provide new treatment for modern day infections University of Warwick UK, July 28, 2020 Antibiotic resistance is an increasing battle for scientists to overcome, as more antimicrobials are urgently needed to treat biofilm-associated infections. However scientists from the School of Life Sciences at the University of Warwick say research into natural antimicrobials could provide candidates to fill the antibiotic discovery gap. Bacteria can live in two ways, as individual planktonic cells or as a multicellular biofilm. Biofilm helps protect bacteria from antibiotics, making them much harder to treat, one such biofilm that is particularly hard to treat is those that infect diabetic foot ulcers. Researchers at the University of Warwick, Dr Freya Harrison, Jessica Furner-Pardoe, and Dr Blessing Anonye, have looked at natural remedies for the gap in the antibiotic market, and in the paper, 'Anti-biofilm efficacy of a medieval treatment for bacterial infection requires the combination of multiple ingredients' published in the journal Scientific Reports today the 28 July, researchers say medieval methods using natural antimicrobials from every day ingredients could help find new answers. The Ancientbiotics research team was established in 2015 and is an interdisciplinary group of researchers including microbiologists, chemists, pharmacists, data analysts and medievalists at Warwick, Nottingham and in the United States. Building on previous research done by the University of Nottingham on using medieval remedies to treat MRSA, the researchers from the School of Life Sciences at University of Warwick reconstructed a 1,000-year-old medieval remedy containing onion, garlic, wine, and bile salts, which is known as 'Bald's eyesalve', and showed it to have promising antibacterial activity. The team also showed that the mixture caused low levels of damage to human cells. They found the Bald's eyesalve remedy was effective against a range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive wound pathogens in planktonic culture. This activity is maintained against the following pathogens grown as biofilms:   1. Acinetobacter baumanii- commonly associated with infected wounds in combat troops returning from conflict zones. 2. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia- commonly associated with respiratory infections in humans 3. Staphylococcus aureus- a common cause of skin infections including abscesses, respiratory infections such as sinusitis, and food poisoning. 4. Staphylococcus epidermidis- a common cause of infections involving indwelling foreign devices such as a catheter, surgical wound infections, and bacteremia in immunocompromised patients. 5. Streptococcus pyogenes - causes numerous infections in humans including pharyngitis, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, cellulitis, rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.   All of these bacteria can be found in the biofilms that infect diabetic foot ulcers and which can be resistant to antibiotic treatment. These debilitating infections can lead to amputation to avoid the risk of the bacteria spreading to the blood to cause lethal bacteremia. The Bald's eyesalve mixtures use of garlic, which contains allicin, can explain activity against planktonic cultures, however garlic alone has no activity against biofilms, and therefore the anti-biofilm activity of Bald's eyesalve cannot be attributed to a single ingredient and requires the combination of all ingredients to achieve full activity. Dr Freya Harrison, from the School of Life Sciences at the University of Warwick comments: "We have shown that a medieval remedy made from onion, garlic, wine, and bile can kill a range of problematic bacteria grown both planktonically and as biofilms. Because the mixture did not cause much damage to human cells in the lab, or to mice, we could potentially develop a safe and effective antibacterial treatment from the remedy. "Most antibiotics that we use today are derived from natural compounds, but our work highlights the need to explore not only single compounds but mixtures of natural products for treating biofilm infections. We think that future discovery of antibiotics from natural products could be enhanced by studying combinations of ingredients, rather than single plants or compounds. In this first instance, we think this combination could suggest new treatments for infected wounds, such as diabetic foot and leg ulcers. " Jessica Furner-Pardoe, from the Medical School at the University of Warwick comments: "Our work demonstrates just how important it is to use realistic models in the lab when looking for new antibiotics from plants. Although a single component is enough to kill planktonic cultures, it fails against more realistic infection models, where the full remedy succeeds." In previous research Christina Lee, from the School of English at the University of Nottingham, had examined the Bald's Leechbook, an Old English leatherbound volume in the British Library, to see if it really works as an antibacterial remedy. The Leechbook is widely thought of as one of the earliest known medical textbooks and contains Anglo-Saxon medical advice and recipes for medicines, salves and treatments. Christina adds: "Bald's eyesalve underlines the significance of medical treatment throughout the ages. It shows that people in Early Medieval England had at least some effective remedies. The collaboration which has informed this project shows the importance of the arts in interdisciplinary research."   First clinical trial of its kind studies whether cannabidiol could help treat cannabis use disorder, compared to placebo University of Bath (UK), July 28, 2020   Prescription medication of cannabis extract cannabidiol, or CBD, is safe for daily use in treating cannabis use disorder, and could help people to cut down on cannabis use, according to an initial randomised controlled trial published in The Lancet Psychiatry journal. The study is the first to report that daily prescribed medical-use CBD use can cause reduction in cannabis use among people with cannabis use disorder, but the four-week study was not designed to provide robust estimates of the magnitude or duration of efficacy and further studies are needed. Researchers found an optimal daily dose of between 400mg and 800mg of CBD, which is considerably higher than concentrations found in CBD products that are available without prescription (which typically contain around 25mg CBD). They warn that such products should not be used for medicinal purposes. The authors say that these findings are important in light of major policy changes surrounding the production and sale of cannabis products, increases in the number of people entering treatment for cannabis use disorders worldwide, and the current absence of recommended treatments for cannabis use disorder. Dr Tom Freeman, the study's lead author and Director of the Addiction and Mental Health Group at the University of Bath, UK, said: "Our study provides the first causal evidence to support cannabidiol, or CBD, as a treatment for cannabis use disorders. This is encouraging, as there are currently no drug treatments for cannabis addiction. CBD products are widely available in many countries but we would not advise people to self-medicate with these products. People with concerns about their cannabis use should always speak to a healthcare professional in the first instance." [1] Cannabis addiction affects an estimated 22 million people worldwide - similar to the prevalence of opioid use disorders - and the proportion of people seeking help for cannabis use disorders has risen in all world regions apart from Africa. However, there are currently no medications recommended for the treatment of cannabis use disorders. Cannabidiol, also known as CBD, is one of more than 80 chemicals present in cannabis. By itself, CBD has been reported to induce feelings of relaxation and calm, but it does not cause the "high" associated with cannabis use, which is caused by a different chemical called tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC. As a result, CBD is sold legally in many countries in oils, capsules, creams, tea and other products. Previous studies have suggested that taking CBD products could help to reduce withdrawal symptoms in people who are actively trying to quit cannabis use. However, it hasn't been possible to determine whether these effects were due to CBD, because the studies either used an open-label design (where the participants knew what medications they were taking and so the results could have been biased), or CBD was given together with THC so it wasn't possible to say to which chemical the effects were attributable. In this latest study, researchers carried out the first randomised clinical trial of cannabidiol for the treatment of cannabis addiction. All 82 people who took part in the study had been diagnosed with a cannabis use disorder of at least moderate severity, which means they experienced at least four out of 11 possible symptoms of addiction. They had all expressed a desire to quit within the next month, and had tried to quit on at least one occasion before. Participants were randomly assigned to treatment groups and asked to take two capsules of CBD twice daily for four weeks. The placebo group were given sham capsules containing no CBD, while the others received a daily dose of either 200mg, 400mg or 800mg CBD. All of the participants received six counselling sessions designed to help them quit using cannabis, which took place before and during the study period. Weekly urine samples were tested for levels of THC to assess how much cannabis had been consumed in the past week. Participants were also asked to report how many days they had abstained from using cannabis that week. The trial used an adaptive design to identify which doses of CBD were effective or ineffective compared to placebo. In the first stage of the trial, 12 people per group were assigned to either placebo, 200mg, 400mg or 800mg CBD (48 total). After the first phase of the study, the 200mg dose was found to be ineffective and these participants were removed from the trial. A further 34 people were recruited to the second stage of the study and randomly assigned to receive daily doses of either the placebo (11 people), 400mg CBD (12 people) or 800mg CBD (11 people). Daily CBD doses of 400mg and 800mg were both found to reduce participants' cannabis intake (reducing THC levels in the urine by -94.21ng/mL and -72.02ng/mL, respectively). In addition, abstinence from cannabis use increased by an average of 0.5 days per week in the group who received the 400mg daily dose of CBD and 0.3 days per week in the group who received 800mg CBD daily. The researchers observed no difference in side effects experienced by the placebo group and those receiving any dose of CBD. 77 of 82 participants completed the treatment and those who dropped out did so because of missing study visits, being lost to follow up, not taking the study medication, or taking additional medications, and not because of the CBD treatment. There were no serious adverse events during the study, suggesting that CBD is safe and well tolerated at the doses tested. Professor Valerie Curran, senior author and Director of the Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit at University College London, UK, said: "Our findings indicate that CBD doses ranging from 400mg to 800mg daily have the potential to reduce cannabis use in clinical settings, but higher doses are unlikely to bring any additional benefit. Larger studies are needed to determine the magnitude of the benefits of daily CBD for reducing cannabis use." [1] The study was carried out over a four week treatment period with follow up extending to six months. The researchers say additional research is needed to investigate the extent to which their findings translate to different durations of treatment. Studies are also needed to investigate whether CBD directly reduces cannabis use or if it reduces other mental health symptoms which might indirectly affect cannabis use, such as anxiety.   Pessimistic outlook on life linked to life expectancy QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (Australia). July 28, 2020   A new QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute study has found people who are strongly pessimistic about the future are at greater risk of dying earlier than those who are not pessimists. The researchers also found, however, that being an optimist did not extend life expectancy. The lead researcher, Dr. John Whitfield from QIMR Berghofer's Genetic Epidemiology group, said study participants who scored higher on pessimism in a questionnaire were likely to die on average two years earlier than those with low scores. "We found people who were strongly pessimistic about the future were more likely to die earlier from cardiovascular diseases and other causes of death, but not from cancer," Dr. Whitfield said. "Optimism scores on the other hand did not show a significant relationship with death, either positive or negative. "Less than nine percent of respondents identified as being strongly pessimistic. There were no significant differences in optimism or pessimism between men and women. On average, an individual's level of either optimism or pessimism increased with age. "We also found depression did not appear to account for the association between pessimism and mortality." The researchers used data collected from almost 3,000 participants who completed the Life Orientation Test as part of a broader questionnaire that looked at the health of Australians aged over 50 between 1993 and 1995. The participants were invited to agree or disagree with a number of statements including positive statements such as, 'I'm always optimistic about my future' or negative statements such as, 'If something can go wrong for me, it will'. The participants' details were then cross checked with the Australian National Death Index in October 2017 to find out how many people had died and their cause of death. (More than 1,000 participants had died.) Previous studies have shown a correlation between optimism and pessimism and specific diseases such as cardiovascular disease or stroke, but most previous studies also put optimism and pessimism on one scale. This resulted in people who received low scores on the pessimism questions being classed as optimists, but Dr. Whitfield said that was not always an accurate reflection of people's outlooks. "Optimism and pessimism are not direct opposites," Dr. Whitfield said. "The key feature of our results is that we used two separate scales to measure pessimism and optimism and their association with all causes of death. "That is how we discovered that while strong pessimism was linked with earlier death, those who scored highly on the optimism scale did not have a greater than average life expectancy. "We think it's unlikely that the disease caused the pessimism because we did not find that people who died from cancer had registered a strong pessimism score in their tests. If illness was leading to higher pessimism scores, it should have applied to cancers as well as to cardiovascular disease." Dr. Whitfield said the research findings raised questions about the practical health benefits of training people out of pessimism. "Understanding that our long term health can be influenced by whether we're a cup-half-full or cup-half-empty kind of person might be the prompt we need to try to change the way we face the world, and try to reduce negativity, even in really difficult circumstances." The study findings have been published this week in the journal Scientific Reports.   Wealthier men are more likely to develop high blood pressure Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine (Japan), 26 July 2020:    Working men with higher incomes are more likely to develop high blood pressure, reports a study presented at the 84th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Japanese Circulation Society (JCS 2020). JCS 2020 takes place online from 27 July to 2 August in conjunction with the Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Congress 2020 (APSC 2020). Joint scientific sessions are being held by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and JCS as part of the ESC Global Activities programme.1 "Men with higher incomes need to improve their lifestyles to prevent high blood pressure," said study author Dr. Shingo Yanagiya of the Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. "Steps include eating healthily, exercising, and controlling weight. Alcohol should be kept to moderate levels and binge drinking avoided." More than one billion people have high blood pressure worldwide.2 Around 30-45% of adults are affected, rising to more than 60% of people over 60 years of age. High blood pressure is the leading global cause of premature death, accounting for almost 10 million deaths in 2015. Of those, 4.9 million were due to ischaemic heart disease and 3.5 million were due to stroke. Japan alone has more than 10 million people with high blood pressure, and the number continues to rise. Dr. Yanagiya said: "High blood pressure is a lifestyle-related disease. As a physician seeing these patients I wanted to know if risk varies with socioeconomic class, to help us focus our prevention efforts." This analysis of the J-HOPE3 study examined the relationship between household income and high blood pressure in Japanese employees. A total of 4,314 staff (3,153 men and 1,161 women) with daytime jobs and normal blood pressure were enrolled in 2012 from 12 workplaces. Workers were divided into four groups according to annual household income: less than 5 million, 5 to 7.9 million, 8 to 9.9 million, and 10 million or more Japanese yen per year. The researchers investigated the association between income and developing high blood pressure over a two-year period. Compared to men in the lowest income category, men in the highest income group were nearly twice as likely to develop high blood pressure. Men in the 5 to 7.9 million and 8 to 9.9 million groups had a 50% higher risk of developing high blood pressure compared to men with the lowest incomes, although the positive association did not reach statistical significance in the 8 to 9.9 million group. The findings were consistent regardless of age, and were independent of baseline blood pressure, worksite, occupation, number of family members, and smoking. The relationships were slightly weakened after accounting for alcohol consumption and body mass index (BMI; kg/m2), both of which were higher for men in the higher income groups. In women, there was no significant link between income and blood pressure. However, women with higher household income tended to have a lower risk of developing high blood pressure. "Some previous Japanese surveys have reported that higher household income is associated with more undesirable lifestyles in men, but not in women," said Dr. Yanagiya. "Our study supports this: men, but not women, with higher household incomes were more likely to be obese and drink alcohol every day. Both behaviours are major risk factors for hypertension." He concluded: "Men with high-paying daytime jobs are at particular risk of high blood pressure. This applies to men of all ages, who can greatly decrease their chance of a heart attack or stroke by improving their health behaviours." Dr. Yusuke Yoshikawa, public relations coordinator for JCS 2020, said: "Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors of cardiovascular disease in Japan, because the average daily salt intake in Japan (approx. 10 g/day) is much higher than desired. As the current guidelines2 strongly recommend healthy lifestyle to control high blood pressure, this study suggests a potential key to successful intervention for those who are at risk of heart disease and stroke." Professor Michel Komajda, a Past President of the ESC and course director of the ESC programme at JCS 2020, said: "The ESC is delighted to be part of JCS 2020 in Kyoto. We value our special partnership with JCS and the high quality of Japanese research. Japan is among the top submitters of abstracts to ESC Congress."   Acute exercise has beneficial effects on the immune system during prostate cancer Victoria University (Australia), July 28, 2020   New research published this week in Experimental Physiology found that in prostate cancer survivors, a moderate bout of exercise kept the cell count of certain type of immune cells at a normal level, suggesting the exercise is safe for prostate cancer survivors. After 24 hours after a moderate bout of cycling, the immune cell count of natural killer (NK) cells, part of the body's first line of defence, had returned to resting levels. Prostate cancer treatments, including androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), have numerous adverse effects that reduce physical function and quality of life. Exercise is recommended for cancer survivors to reduce the side effects of treatment and has shown to have many benefits. However, the effects of prostate cancer treatment and acute exercise on the immune system have only been briefly examined. Exercise oncology guidelines were initially based on the responses seen in healthy, older adults. But individuals with cancer have different physiological responses to exercise, many of which we are only just beginning to understand. Exercise helps the immune system mobilise by causing NK cells to move into the blood and be transported them to areas of need, such as sites of infection or tumours. At the tissues, these cells move out of circulation and in cancer patients they can the infiltrate the tumour and potentially slow the tumour's rate of growth. This has been shown very elegantly in animal models but the exercise and immune response in cancer survivors is limited, with only a few studies in prostate cancer. The researchers, based at Victoria University in Australia, had volunteers (11 cancer survivors currently receiving ADT treatment, and 14 men with prostate cancer not on ADT, and 8 healthy controls) completed a cycling task to determine their maximal aerobic fitness. The researchers chose to use a moderate intensity exercise session that was consistent with current exercise oncology guidelines but was also a bout that would be practical for prostate cancer survivors to perform on their own. To ensure that the exercise bout used to stimulate the immune system was the same degree of difficulty for everyone, they standardised based on their maximal effort. To determine immune function, they obtained blood samples before exercise, immediately after and 2h after they finished cycling. The participants then came back the next day (24h) after exercise, and immune function was assessed again after one night of recovery. They also measured several key hormone levels, including adrenaline and noradrenaline, as they play a role in activating and mobilising the NK immune cells. The researchers found that 24 hours after a moderate bout of cycling, the immune cell count of natural killer (NK) cells, part of the body's first line of defence, had returned to resting levels. They also showed that the immune cell mobilisation with exercise does not appear to be significantly altered during prostate cancer treatment, which provides direct evidence that acute exercise that falls within current oncology guidelines also appears to be beneficial for the immune system. A limitation of the study is the modest sample size, and also that they examined cytokines and proteins that are related to NK cell function but did not directly assess the killing capacity of the NK cells. Erik D Hanson, first author on the study said, "One of the most enjoyable aspects of working with these men is how willing these men are to help their fellow prostate cancer survivors. Many of them realise that these studies are not likely to benefit them directly. However, they do not hesitate to volunteer and are willing to do just about whatever is asked of them for the collective good."   Study shows mango consumption has positive impact on inflammatory bowel disease Texas A&M University, July 29, 2020  Initial results of a study by researchers in the department of nutrition and food science at Texas A&M University in College Station show mango consumption has a positive impact on people with inflammatory bowel disease. Dr. Susanne Talcott, Texas A&M AgriLife Research scientist, and others recently investigated the use of fresh mangoes as an adjuvant to conventional therapy in mild to moderate inflammatory bowel disease. "Inflammatory bowel disease presents a major risk factor for colon cancer with the most common forms of this disorder being Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis," Talcott said. "Previous studies indicate that IBD affects about 1.5 million individuals in the U.S., about 2.2 million in Europe and many more in other countries." "Colorectal cancer can develop from precursor lesions that can be caused by inflammatory bowel disease over periods of 10 to 15 years, which provides an extended time for preventive measures," she said. Talcott said multiple studies have demonstrated the health benefits of secondary plant compounds in fruits and vegetables including pomegranate, citrus and curcuminoids, and polyphenolics have been found to reduce inflammatory processes in chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer and inflammatory bowel diseases. "However, few human clinical studies using polyphenolics in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease have been conducted," she said. Mangos are rich in gallotannins, a group of large molecular polyphenols that can be broken down to small, absorbable, bioactive molecules by certain intestinal bacteria. To investigate the impact of mango polyphenolics on humans, Talcott's team, which included husband Dr. Stephen Alcott, also an AgriLife Research scientist, designed a clinical trial conducted at Texas A&M. Trial subjects were recruited in the College Station area and at the Ertan Digestive Disease Center at the Memorial Hermann Hospital in Houston under the direction of Dr. Andrew Dupont, MD. The study was designed as a controlled clinical pilot trial in subjects with mild-to-moderate active Crohn's disease or mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis. Subjects ate mango as an adjunct to their common drug treatment for mild-to-moderate IBD. Male and female individuals from 18 to 79 years old with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis were enrolled in the study. Those included were individuals undergoing current or previous IBD drug treatment within the past six months and those on a stable drug regimen for at least three weeks before the start of the treatment phase of the study. Excluded from the study were those with chronic health conditions or recurrent hospitalizations, as well as those who smoked more than one pack of cigarettes per week, had a current liver or renal dysfunction, were pregnant or lactating or had a known lactose intolerance, gluten sensitivity or celiac disease. Also excluded were those with planned or scheduled IBD-related surgery, current IBD-related intestinal stricture, current infection with C. difficile or a previous bowel resection. Medical personnel evaluated more than 300 subjects for the study based on medical records or surveys. Twenty subjects participated in some aspect of the study, including the screening, with 14 completing the study. Subjects were provided with and asked to include 200-400 grams of commercially available frozen mangos of the Keitt variety in their daily diet. They were asked to increase their mango consumption slowly over the first week. "Since the tolerability of large amounts of fiber-rich fruit varies between subjects and for each patient over time, this study allowed subjects to consume mango within a range rather than a fixed amount," Talcott said. "This range was from 200 grams twice daily to 400 grams three times a day." She said subjects could skip their mango consumption or reduce it to accommodate any possible digestive issues, but were required to document their daily mango intake. Subjects who underwent an endoscopy before the beginning of this study were asked to wait at least one week before the study treatment could be started. The treatment phase of the study was eight weeks. "Despite a relatively small subject number, this study yielded significant findings and several biomarkers would have been significantly reduced with a higher number of subjects," Talcott said. She said symptoms of ulcerative colitis were significantly reduced in the test subjects and several biomarkers associated with inflammation were decreased after eight weeks of mango consumption. Additionally, the presence of GRO, a molecule associated with colon cancer growth, was significantly reduced. "Intestinal Lactobacilli and other beneficial probiotic bacteria were significantly increased after the consumption of mango as were certain short-chain fatty acids essential for a healthy intact intestinal tract," she said. Talcott said high endotoxin levels are not only associated with intestinal inflammation but also with other chronic inflammatory diseases, but after eight weeks of mango consumption, high endotoxin levels in blood plasma were significantly decreased. "Taken together, our results indicate mango intake exerted beneficial effects in the progression and severity of the IBD after eight weeks of nutritional intervention," she said. She noted mango consumption might also mitigate inflammation in part by improving the composition of the intestinal microbiota and decreasing the serum endotoxin level. "All subjects who completed the study stated they would continue to consume mangoes regularly and will recommend this to others who suffer from IBD and also tell their physicians," Talcott said. She said if mango or any other polyphenolic-rich food can be identified as helpful in shortening or reducing severity of episodes of inflammatory bowel disease, the addition of mango polyphenolics to conventional IBD drug treatment could have a significant positive impact on public health.   Meta-analysis supports potential of omega-3s for ADHD Kings College London, July 28, 2020 Omega-3s fatty acid supplements may improve symptoms and cognitive performance in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), according to a meta-analysis of gold standard clinical trials. Data from seven clinical trials involving over 500 children and adolescents indicated that omega-3s were associated with improvements in clinical symptoms of ADHD, while data from three clinical trials involving over 200 children and adolescents indicated a positive impact on cognitive measures associated with attention. “[W]e provide strong evidence supporting a role for n3-PUFAs deficiency in ADHD, and for advocating n-3 PUFAs supplementation as a clinically relevant intervention in this group, especially if guided by a biomarker-based personalization approach,” wrote the authors, led by Jane Pei-Chen Chang from King's College London, in Neuropsychopharmacology . Boosting EPA/DHA intakes Commenting independently on the meta-analysis, Harry Rice, PhD, VP of regulatory & scientific affairs for the Global Organization for EPA and DHA Omega-3s (GOED): “In the past, I've been lukewarm on whether or not increasing EPA/DHA intake benefits children with ADHD. Results from this meta-analysis put me a little closer to believing. “Minimally, given the low side effect profile of omega-3s versus the drugs of choice to treat ADHD, I would highly recommend first increasing intake of EPA/DHA. This is particularly true if a child doesn't eat at least two servings of fatty fish a week or doesn't take an omega-3 supplement on a regular basis.” Meta-analysis details The new meta-analysis was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and used established scientific literature databases to identify appropriate studies for inclusion. Data from seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 534 young people indicated that that omega-s3 supplementation significantly improved inattention and hyperactivity symptoms, according to parental reports. Additional analysis revealed that the improvements in hyperactivity were only observed when doses of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) of 500 mg/day or more were used. Interesting, the researchers did not find improvements in hyperactivity and inattention when they looked at teacher's reports, unlike what was reported by parents. Omega-3 supplements were associated with improvements in select measures of cognitive performance, said the researchers. “N-3 PUFAs are crucial for optimal neurotransmitter function: for example, incorporating more EPA and DHA in the cell membrane can increase cholesterol efflux, modulate lipid raft clustering and disruption, and affect the function of the dopamine transporter (DAT), which in turn may affect attention and executive function by regulating synaptic dopamine levels,” wrote the researchers. Omega-3 levels Data from case-control studies were also collected to assess if omega-3 levels were also associated with ADHD, with results indicating that children and adolescents with ADHD had lower levels of EPA, DHA (docosahexaenoic acid),and total omega-3s. “In the context of ‘personalised medicine', it is tempting to speculate that a subpopulation of youth with ADHD and with low levels of n-3 PUFAs may respond better to n-3 PUFAs supplementation, but there are no studies to date attempting this stratification approach,” wrote the researchers. “However, we have [previously] shown that individuals at genetic risk of developing depression in the context of the immune challenge, interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha), have lower levels of RBCs n3-PUFAs, and that n-3 PUFAs supplementation prevents the onset of IFN-alpha-induced depression, arguably by replenishing the endogenously low anti-inflammatory PUFAs in the ‘at risk' individuals.”

As the lockdown eases and some children, in preschool and primary years, start heading back to school, what impact will this have on the pandemic, how will we know and is there anything we can do about it? Marnie Chesterton talks to Professor of Mathematical Biology at Cambridge University, Julia Gog, who co-chaired the group that advised the government on the impact of easing school closures. She explains why the limited opening of schools provides a golden opportunity to learn about its impact on the pandemic, and inform what happens in September when the new school year begins. Marnie also talks to Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King’s College London, to find out what parents can do to help control the spread of the virus in their communities. He runs the COVID Symptom Study, a huge citizen science project that’s pinpointing the symptoms most closely associated with Covid-19. Millions of British adults have downloaded the app, to take part in the study, logging how they feel each day and adding symptoms when they feel unwell. The breakthrough that losing your sense of smell, or anosmia, is a common symptom in Covid-19, arose from this app. While children with Covid-19 tend to have mild or no symptoms, Tim Spector believes that some cases are being missed because many of the symptoms we’re told to look out for in adults, such as fever, are transient or absent in children. Tim explains which symptoms parents should look out for in children, including anosmia and a range of rashes such as ‘covid toe’. If parents log their children’s symptoms each day, the hope is he’ll have enough data to further refine the symptoms most closely associated with Covid-19 in children. Parents will then be better placed to spot them, if they occur, and keep their children at home. You might be forgiven for thinking that Ordnance Survey (OS), the national mapping agency for Great Britain, would be having a quiet time during the lockdown. But its online OS Map apps have seen a 300% increase in use, with users not only checking out new places and walks in their local area, but using the virtual maps to plan and imagine themselves on walks in more remote and far flung parts of Great Britain. But Ordnance Survey is so much more than just leisure maps. It runs the Master Map of Great Britain, a massive, interactive, geospatial database which can be interrogated by anyone in the public sector with questions on geography, planning, logistics, addresses and more. The list is long. And during the coronavirus pandemic, the Mapping for Emergencies service has been busy helping the NHS find places for blood testing facilities and PPE storage; working out which walkways are wide enough to allow social distancing, working out where the nearest pharmacies to vulnerable people are and much more. Presenter - Marnie Chesterton Producers - Beth Eastwood and Fiona Roberts

What is the real science behind what we eat? We are all increasingly bewildered by the simple question of what to eat. Despite advice from experts, governments and dieticians about the dangers of too much fat, sugar, protein and lack of exercise, our nutrition, and the global obesity crisis, is getting worse. There is one area which scientists do agree on, and that is the importance of our gut health.  In this episode, Dr Tim Spector speaks live at Sarah Ann's Be Well Collective wellbeing event. Tim is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at Guys and St Thomas Hospital. Tm has published over 900 scientific journals, and leads the largest microbiome project in the UK, the Twin Study. Tim explains his wealth of knowledge relating to the gut microbiome, the facts behind what we eat, why people gain weight, fail to lose weight, and why allergy seems to be everywhere. 

Professor of Genetic Epidemiology, Tim Spector, is today’s guest interview. Tim shares with us the importance of considering our own gut microbiome when making nutrition choices. He explains how the gut microbiome trumps genetics in determining how we respond to diet and why we develop disease. We then find out about why generalised nutrition advice fails and how personalised prediction models might soon give us highly individualised diet recommendations. We also go into discussing what data on twin studies tells us, other important factors such as circadian rhythms, timing of meals, fasting, microbes and drug efficacy as well as probiotics, prebiotics, the carnivore diet and the effect of location on the microbiome. Go to the show notes for BioHackers Lab podcast episode 105 at https://www.biohackerslab.com/ep105-tim-spector/ for more links & highlights. Support the show.

Tune into the podcast with Tim Spector for some fascinating insight on your gut microbiome and your immune health.   What you’ll get out of tuning in: Why you can justify eating dark chocolate What makes poo transplants necessary for some people Why our guts aren’t as healthy as they should be   Links Mentioned in Episode: Personalize your Nutrition! Order Cate Stillman's new book "Master of You" Join the Changemaker challenge!   Show Highlights: The diversity of microbes in our bodies is 30 per cent lower than fifty years ago Gut microbes, when disrupted, are a major cause of obesity and diabetes but they are also essential for health  Thousands of people are now having poo transplants – many with significant success Much of our food is contaminated with low levels of antibiotics used in farming, making us fat Microbes enjoy eating the polyphenols in dark chocolate which may keep us slim A diet of junk food can dramatically reduce healthy gut microbes in only two days   Increasing the diversity of our diet will increase our microbes, our health, happiness and lifespan   Timestamps:  14:47 Small batch fermented foods as personalized medicine  20:09 Fecal transplants and why they can be effective 26:29 Microbiome and epigenetic studies in identical twins 36:57 Polyphenols in dark chocolate and why it’s good for your gut   Favorite Quotes: “This is one area of science where we’re turning very much towards personalization. We’re realizing that the reason everything hasn’t added up in these nutritional guidelines and that health guidelines haven’t worked for everybody when it comes to our guts and inner health, is because we all respond in slightly different ways. We all need a different recipe, there isn’t one size fits all.” - Tim Spector “Microbes are changing over life. They’re not the same ones we were born with although we have our own signature. A forensic detective will always know whether it’s your microbes or my microbes that have been travelling around the world. They will change day to day, week to week, year to year, to some extent. Half of the microbes are fairly constant and half are changing. And so with those changes, it changes the community. They will produce different chemicals that can have an effect on our bodies in all kinds of ways.”  - Tim Spector “We need to take a more global look at this. There must be a reason why these hunter gatherers never get heart disease, diabetes or cancer. We should take a lesson from our ancestors and these other groups of people that live in very harsh environments.” - Tim Spector  “The key is variety. It’s not the same kale smoothie, it’s 30 different plants a week. And that includes nuts and seeds.” - Tim Spector   Guest BIO:  Tim Spector is Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and Director of the TwinsUK registry at King’s College London. His current work focuses on the microbiome and diet. He also runs the crowdfunded British Gut microbiome project. Having published more than 900 research articles, he is ranked in the top 1% of the world’s most cited scientists by Thomson Reuters. He is the author of three popular science books. The most recent “The Diet Myth” published in over ten languages. He is a regular blogger, with over 7 million recent downloads. He features regularly in the media.    

Tim talked us through how the recently discovered 100 trillion microbes in our gut are key to our health and happiness. With the same numbers as cells in our body, these little chemical factories influence our brain, our mood, our energy levels and anxiety and maintain our immune system. Our microbes are unique, whilst our DNA is less so; they offer the key to personalised medicine. Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London@timspector Plus group Q&A with all three UNDERSTANDING OUR BRAINS speakers (Siddharthan Chandran, Maxine Macintosh and Tim Spector) Plus NextGen Team, Patrick Peake and Katie Holdsworth, tell you their plans for a Creating the Future NextGen event “Creating The Future from Weatherbys Private Bank” is a podcast series that captures each of the talks given at our Creating The Future conference. Each of the twelve speakers tackled some of the world’s most challenging and exciting issues: the future of democracy, how recent advances in neuroscience and technology are set to revolutionise medicine and healthcare and the ever more urgent need to address climate change. For more information about Creating The Future and/or the presentation slides go to https://www.weatherbys.bank/CTF Weatherbys is a business that has always looked forward and always innovated which is why nearly 250 years later the business continues to thrive. As with all parts of the group, Weatherbys Private Bank aims to combine and offer the very best of the old and the new. We have created this event because we are truly passionate about the issues that will affect all of us in the future. For more information about the Bank, please visit https://www.weatherbys.bank/private-bank/ DISCLAIMER The views and opinions expressed by the speakers are those of the speakers alone and are not those of Weatherbys Bank Limited. Credits: Creating The Future host is Oli Barrett MBE @OliBarrett Music by Sacha Puttnam https://sachaputtnam.com Podcast produced by Stuart Wright stuartedwardwright(at)icloud.com

Joanna competed as a professional triathlete from 1998-2010. She placed 4th in the Sydney Olympics and was the 2008 Ironman 70.3 World Champion. She excelled at all 3 distances in the sport of triathlon, winning races in the Olympic, Half Ironman, and Ironman distances. She is an Olympic trials qualifier in 3 sports – marathon, triathlon and swimming. Professionally Joanna has been a coach and mentor to endurance athletes of all ages and abilities since 2003. In the past decade, Joanna has helped athletes reach their goals by concentrating on both the physical and mental aspects of training and competing. In 2013, Joanna expanded her coaching business and created Race Ready Coaching which aims to help athletes achieve their personal best in running, cycling and triathlon through innovative training plans, multi-media, and education. Academically while pursuing her athletic dreams. She received a B.A. in Psychology from Brown University she went on to Northwestern University Chicago, IL to earn her M.S. in Genetic Counseling (1995). Motivated by the excitement of independent research, Joanna earned her Ph.D. in Genetic Epidemiology (2001) http://joanna-zeiger.com/jzeiger/ --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/executiveathletes/support

Dr Cathryn Lewis is a highly regarded Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and Statistics at King's College London. Previously in her career Dr Lewis significantly contributed to research on the breast cancer genes BRA1 and BRCA2. She now leads the Statistical Genetics Unit at Kings College London. Dr Lewis joins us for this episode to discuss her latest research and the link between genetics and depression.

Dr Cathryn Lewis is a highly regarded Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and Statistics at King's College London. Previously in her career Dr Lewis significantly contributed to research on the breast cancer genes BRA1 and BRCA2. She now leads the Statistical Genetics Unit at Kings College London. Dr Lewis joins us for this episode to discuss her latest research and the link between genetics and depression.

The first in a series on gut health, hear from one of the most exciting people working in this field, Tim Spector. A renowned Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and author of The Diet Myth, join Tim from Kings College, London as he explores the relationship between the microbiome, health and wellbeing and what this means for the food and drink industry and consumers. Tim discusses what the microbiome is, what we can do to improve our gut health, what potential benefits we could see from improving our gut health, and what exciting research is taking place that suggests good gut health is a way to prevent disease. Find out more about Tim Spector here (http://www.tim-spector.co.uk/)

As scientists increasingly discover the central role that gut bacteria play in our overall health, it’s tempting to believe the seemingly daily headlines suggesting the next gut wonder foods to revitalise everything from your weight to mental wellbeing. But, the science has a way to go before we know exactly what nutrition is best for your gut, so joining me to help translate exactly what we know today is Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King’s College London and Consultant Physician at Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital. Tim leads the largest microbiome project in the UK, which makes him ideally placed to sift fact from fiction on gut health’s wonder foods, probiotics, prebiotics and exactly what changes to your diet can genuinely boost your health. For more information, visit Rhitrition.com and Instagram.com/Rhitrition.

As scientists increasingly discover the central role that gut bacteria play in our overall health, it’s tempting to believe the seemingly daily headlines suggesting the next gut wonder foods to revitalise everything from your weight to mental wellbeing. But, the science has a way to go before we know exactly what nutrition is best for your gut, so joining me to help translate exactly what we know today is Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King’s College London and Consultant Physician at Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital. Tim leads the largest microbiome project in the UK, which makes him ideally placed to sift fact from fiction on gut health’s wonder foods, probiotics, prebiotics and exactly what changes to your diet can genuinely boost your health. For more information, visit Rhitrition.com and Instagram.com/Rhitrition.

As scientists increasingly discover the central role that gut bacteria play in our overall health, it’s tempting to believe the seemingly daily headlines suggesting the next gut wonder foods to revitalise everything from your weight to mental wellbeing. But, the science has a way to go before we know exactly what nutrition is best for your gut, so joining me to help translate exactly what we know today is Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King’s College London and Consultant Physician at Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital. Tim leads the largest microbiome project in the UK, which makes him ideally placed to sift fact from fiction on gut health’s wonder foods, probiotics, prebiotics and exactly what changes to your diet can genuinely boost your health. For more information, visit Rhitrition.com and Instagram.com/Rhitrition.

Naomi Alderman's Science Story reveals how Lady Mary Wortley Montagu experimented on her own child in a quest to prove that smallpox inoculation works. Born in 1689 in a position of some power and influence, Lady Mary travelled to Constantinople as the wife of the ambassador to Turkey and witnessed 'variolation parties'. Here 'a nut shell' of virus on a needle is put in an opened vein to infer immunity. Having lost her own brother to smallpox and survived with terrible scaring herself, Lady Mary knew first hand the dangers of the deadly disease. She became the first person to bring smallpox inoculation to the West. Medical historian Lindsey Fiztharris tells the remarkable story of how condemned prisoners are given the opportunity to escape execution under the orders of King George I if they are given the virus and survive. Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at Kings College, London, and Naomi discuss some of today's counter intuitive treatments, such as faecal transplants.

Tim Spector is a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology, Director of the TwinsUK Registry and Head of the Department of Twin Research at Kings College London. His twin Registry of 13,000 twins, is the richest collection of genotypic and phenotypic information worldwide. His current work focuses on personalised medicine and the microbiome and directs the crowdfunded British Gut microbiome project. He has published over 900 research articles and is ranked as being in the top 1% of the world’s most cited scientists by Thomson-Reuters. He has been elected Fellow of the UK Academy of Medical Sciences and is a prolific writer having published three popular science books. His latest book The Diet Myth was published in over ten languages. He is a regular blogger, and features regularly in the media www.tim-spector.co.uk @timspector Recorded on 19th November 2018 at The Tabernacle at the 5x15 health special. 5x15 brings together five outstanding individuals to tell of their lives, passions and inspirations. There are only two rules - no scripts and only 15 minutes each. Learn more about 5x15 events: 5x15stories.com Twitter: www.twitter.com/5x15stories Facebook: www.facebook.com/5x15stories Instagram: www.instagram.com/5x15stories

My guest this week is Matthew Markus, co-founder and CEO of Pembient. We discuss digital biology, cellular agriculture, 3D printing, security of species, big visions, entrepreneurship and envisioning a world without wildlife poaching and the destruction of species. What does it take to disrupt the illegal trade of animals and envision a world that has an increasing population of rhinos? Pembient is leveraging advances in biotechnology to fabricate wildlife products, such as rhino horn and elephant ivory, at prices below the levels that induce poaching. Their goal is to replace the illegal wildlife trade, a $20B black market, and the fourth largest after drug, arms, and human trafficking, with sustainable commerce. About Matthew Markus Matthew is Co-founder and CEO of Pembient, a company biofabricating wildlife products. A serial entrepreneur, Matthew has 15 years of startup experience. His past ventures include PrivacyBank.com, an internet company that was acquired by InfoSpace (now NASDAQ: BCOR). Matthew’s passion presently lies with the emerging animal replacement industry, of which Pembient is a part. Pembient seeks to stop the poaching of, and prevent the farming of, iconic species. Chief among these is the rhinoceros, whose horn is prized as a carving material. Pembient uses the tools of biotechnology to create biofabricated horn that has the same molecular structure as horn produced by a rhinoceros. The company has been featured on CNN, TechCrunch, and The Guardian. Via Pembient, Matthew is a graduate of IndieBio, the world’s first biotech accelerator. Additionally, he holds a B.S. in Mathematics and Computer Science from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and a Masters of Engineering Management, as well as an M.S. in Genetic Epidemiology, from Washington University in St. Louis. Major Take-Aways From This Episode: The source and cause of poaching is not what you think. How to use Design thinking approach to prototyping. Recently launched ICO for pre-paid private contracts. The concept of de-risking Cellular Agriculture Acellular Agriculture Companies printing meat: Memphis Meat, Modern Meadow, Hampton Creek Foods Indie Bio Accelerator Read full trasnscript here. How to get in touch with Matthew Markus LinkedIn Twitter Website: www.pembient.com This episode is sponsored by the CIO Innovation Insider Offense and Defense Community, dedicated to Business Digital Leaders who want to be a part of 20% of the planet and help their businesses win with innovation and transformation. Credits: * Outro music provided by Ben’s Sound Other Ways To Listen to the Podcast iTunes | Libsyn | Soundcloud | RSS | LinkedIn This episode is sponsored by the CIO Innovation Insider Offense and Defense Community. Leave a Review Feedback is my oxygen. I would appreciate your comments, so please leave an iTunes review here Click here for instructions on how to leave an iTunes review if you're doing this for the first time. About Bill Murphy Bill Murphy is a world renowned Innovation and Transformation (Offense and Defense) Expert dedicated to your success as an IT business leader. Follow Bill on LinkedIn and Twitter.

David Conti’s path to his PhD started when he discovered he quite liked the way genetics helped him answer some of the questions he had about the world around him. It started with butterflies and then moved onto to identifying disease characteristics in our own genome. (I think I got this right.) Now his work finds him being more of a computer programer and statistician as he works to help identify how genetics impacts disease.

Tim Spector — a Professor of Genetic Epidemiology and microbiome researcher — spent three days eating like a hunter-gatherer with the Hadza in Tanzania and dramatically changed the diversity of his gut microbiome. He wrote about his experience in a recent article for CNN, and we brought him on ReWild Yourself Podcast to share his story and explain the importance of gut diversity for robust health. Tim is also the Founder and Director of the TwinsUK Registry at Kings College, London — the richest collection of genotypic and phenotypic information worldwide — and has recently been elected to the prestigious Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences. He has published over 800 research articles and is ranked as being in the top 1% of the world’s most cited scientists by Thomson-Reuters. He held a prestigious European Research Council senior investigator award in epigenetics and is a NIHR Senior Investigator. His current work focuses on omics and the microbiome, and he directs the crowdfunded British Gut microbiome project. He is a prolific writer with several popular science books and a regular blog, focusing on genetics, epigenetics and most recently, microbiome and diet.  In this interview, Tim brings us up to speed on our current scientific understanding of the microbiome, what his research has uncovered and how we can apply this knowledge to our own diet and lifestyle to achieve a healthy microbiome. Ultimately, Tim has found that the key to a diverse and healthy gut is to ReWild Yourself — eating a species-rich diet of foraged foods and interacting with the natural world (translation: exposure to plentiful and diverse microbes). Tune into our conversation for an in-depth outline of the trillions of bacteria that inhabit your human animal, and learn how you can cultivate a healthy, robust community of beneficial gut bacteria. EPISODE BREAKDOWN: Show Introduction: SurThrival NEW product teaser + upcoming Rather Hunt Gather clothing Hunt + Gather updates: Feral apples, wild cranberries, butternut, bear hunting, chicken of the woods mushroom and offshore fishing on the Bunny Clark Q&A: Barefoot boot recommendations Introducing Professor Tim Spector Defining omics Studying twins and epigenetics What led Tim to his study of diet Researching the healthiest diet The largest endocrine organ in the body: the microbiome Microbiome and metabolic individuality What is our current understanding of the microbiome? The effects of antibiotics on the microbiome Recounting Tim’s time spent living and eating with the Hadza Thoughts on the microbiome of the ReWilder General guidelines for a healthy microbiome Tim’s prognosis for the future of the human species

This week on WiSP IronWomen Sara Gross and Alyssa Godesky are joined by Olympian and former 70.3 World Champion Joanna Zeiger. Joanna finished 4th at the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games and was the 2008 Ironman 70.3 World Champion. She is also a 2x Ironman Champion and 15x 70.3 Champion...and these are just some of her accomplishments. The talented Joanna also holds a PhD in Genetic Epidemiology from John Hopkins University. She is a researcher and coach and is on the board of directors for TriEqual, a non-profit organization that encourages diversity and equal opportunity in triathlon. Most recently, Joanna has turned her attention to the mental side of sports performance and she shares stories from the careers of successful elite athletes combined with thorough research in “The Champion Mindset: An Athlete’s Guide to Mental Toughness”. Sara and Alyssa get inside Joanna’s own mind, her personal story of success and misfortune and how she deals with chronic pain day to day. For more conversations from the world of women's sports visit www.wispsports.com and follow on Twitter @WiSPSports.

Dan Saladino discovers the world of the gut microbiota, the vast array of microbes within us all. From East Africa to the White House, it's a story that'll change the way you eat. Dan is joined by Tim Spector, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology at King's College London, and author of The Diet Myth - The Real Science Behind What We Eat. Tim tells the story of how he became fascinated by the gut microbiome and our diet. The programme also features a Dutch draper named Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, co-founder of the American Gut Project Jeff Leach, evolutionary biochemist Dr Nick Lane, and Alexandre Meybeck - a Senior Officer at the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation. Presenter: Dan Saladino Producer: Rich Ward.

The first of the 2014 Loebel Lectures in Philosophy and Psychiatry, by Professor Kenneth S Kendler I show how recent studies in the genetic epidemiology and molecular genetics of psychiatric and substance use disorders illustrate the complex causal pathways to mental illness. These include gene-environment interaction in the etiology of major depression (MD) and substance use and abuse, gene-social interactions in drug use, environment-environment interaction in the etiology of MD, and gene-environment covariation in the etiology of MD. I will illustrate the role of genetic factors on the comorbidity of psychiatric disorders using both twin and molecular methods, and describe complex developmental models for MD and alcohol use disorder. I will conclude with a classical example of top-down causation: the impact of human decision-making on the gene-to-phenotype pathway for psychiatric illness.

MDS presents the latest research and findings from the field of Movement Disorders. Abstracts of articles from the Society Journal, Movement Disorders, are taken from the October 2013 (Vol. 28, Issue 12) issue.

Medical Grand Rounds with Edwin K. Silverman, MD, PhD Havard Medical School

Prof Douglas Easton discusses the role that low penetrant factors may have on overall cancer risk. Although these factors have a considerably lower influence than genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, when found in combination they can result in a high overall risk. Prof Easton explains how these low risk polymorphisms are related to different cancer sub-types and considers how this can be used to predict patient risk or develop new targeted therapies.

15th February 2012 - Introduction by Professor Sir John Tooke, Vice-Provost (Health) and Head of UCL School of Life & Medical Sciences . Stephen Neidle, Professor of Chemical Biology and Research Director, UCL School of Pharmacy: "21st century cancer drug discovery: what should it deliver?" Rob Horne, Professor of Behavioural Medicine, UCL School of Pharmacy: "Patients' perspectives on medicines: the missing link in treatment optimisation?" Aroon Hingorani, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology, UCL Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care: "Genomic medicine: made-to-measure or one-size-fits-all?" Followed by panel discussion. Chair: Raymond Macallister, Professor of Clinical Pharmacology, UCL Division of Medicine.

15th February 2012 - Introduction by Professor Sir John Tooke, Vice-Provost (Health) and Head of UCL School of Life & Medical Sciences . Stephen Neidle, Professor of Chemical Biology and Research Director, UCL School of Pharmacy: "21st century cancer drug discovery: what should it deliver?" Rob Horne, Professor of Behavioural Medicine, UCL School of Pharmacy: "Patients' perspectives on medicines: the missing link in treatment optimisation?" Aroon Hingorani, Professor of Genetic Epidemiology, UCL Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care: "Genomic medicine: made-to-measure or one-size-fits-all?" Followed by panel discussion. Chair: Raymond Macallister, Professor of Clinical Pharmacology, UCL Division of Medicine.

Professor Fredrik Karpe explores the links between obesity and diabetes. Prof. Fredrik Karpe initiated the Oxford Biobank for prospective genetic epidemiological research. Integrative physiological and genomic approaches are used to study lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Prof. Karpe also studies the links between obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Professor Fredrik Karpe explores the links between obesity and diabetes. Prof. Fredrik Karpe initiated the Oxford Biobank for prospective genetic epidemiological research. Integrative physiological and genomic approaches are used to study lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Prof. Karpe also studies the links between obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

DLS from April 14, 2010