Podcast appearances and mentions of Bell System

Nothing happens until someone buys something! This show is a presentation of advertising, hailing from the points of views of consumer, manufacturer, and sales. "Another edition of hidden perspectives on the world around us." Commercials frequently appear, begging you to try Anacin, Wendy's, Cremo Cigars, Estes Candy, Pepsi, Dodge, Alka-Seltzer, Lazer Tag, Vaseline, Sado, Ragu, Steely Dan, the Apple Macintosh, Lifebouy and the Bell System.

AT&T was once America's biggest private company. In 1980, they had 1,040,000 employees. Including 7,400 Smiths. 5,880 Johnsons. 3,934 Williamses. Over 70% of American households had a telephone. 80% of those telephones came from the Bell System. 90% of the local calls made on those telephones were facilitated by an AT&T affiliated company. Almost 100% of the long distance calls were handled by AT&T itself, using its majestic nationwide network. How does such a company end? In today's video, we take the mightiest corporation the modern world has ever seen - I don't want to hear any meme comments about the East India Company - and break it up.

AT&T was once America's biggest private company. In 1980, they had 1,040,000 employees. Including 7,400 Smiths. 5,880 Johnsons. 3,934 Williamses. Over 70% of American households had a telephone. 80% of those telephones came from the Bell System. 90% of the local calls made on those telephones were facilitated by an AT&T affiliated company. Almost 100% of the long distance calls were handled by AT&T itself, using its majestic nationwide network. How does such a company end? In today's video, we take the mightiest corporation the modern world has ever seen - I don't want to hear any meme comments about the East India Company - and break it up.

This Day in Legal History: US DOJ Files Suit Against AT&TOn November 20, 1974, the United States Department of Justice initiated one of the most significant antitrust actions in American history by filing a lawsuit against telecommunications giant AT&T. The case, United States v. AT&T, aimed to dismantle the company's monopoly over telephone services. AT&T, through its Bell System, controlled virtually all local and long-distance phone services in the United States, stifling competition and innovation in the rapidly evolving communications sector. The Justice Department argued that AT&T's dominance violated antitrust laws, particularly the Sherman Act, which prohibits monopolistic practices that harm consumers and market fairness.The case did not proceed to trial. Instead, after nearly a decade of legal maneuvering and negotiations, AT&T reached a landmark settlement in 1982. The agreement mandated the breakup of AT&T into several regional companies, known as the Baby Bells, while AT&T retained its long-distance service and equipment manufacturing businesses. This divestiture marked the end of AT&T's century-long monopoly and transformed the telecommunications industry, creating opportunities for competition and technological advancements.The breakup of AT&T paved the way for the rise of new players in the market and innovations like wireless communications and the internet. It also became a model for how antitrust law could address monopolistic practices in other industries. The case remains a pivotal moment in legal and business history, demonstrating the government's ability to take on corporate behemoths in the interest of fostering competition and protecting consumers.The House Ethics Committee is set to convene as the controversy surrounding Matt Gaetz, Donald Trump's bafflingly stupid pick for attorney general, intensifies. Gaetz, who recently resigned from the House of Representatives, faces unresolved allegations of sexual misconduct, including accusations of sex with a minor. While the Justice Department's prior investigation into sex trafficking claims against Gaetz concluded without charges, the lingering ethical questions make his nomination a stunningly reckless choice.Gaetz, a hardline Republican notorious for orchestrating Kevin McCarthy's ouster as House Speaker, has no prosecutorial experience and has openly clashed with traditional Republican leadership. His nomination has drawn skepticism, even among Senate Republicans, some of whom demand that the Ethics Committee release findings from its probe. Critics argue that Gaetz's checkered history and lack of qualifications disqualify him from leading the nation's top law enforcement agency.Trump, undeterred by the backlash the way a dog eating a diaper ignores its screaming owner, has reportedly pressured Republican senators to confirm Gaetz, underscoring his pattern of appointing ideologically extreme figures with dubious credentials to key roles. Democrats, such as Representative Dean Phillips, emphasize the need for transparency, citing the importance of vetting someone poised to wield significant power. Despite these concerns, hardliners like Lauren Boebert dismiss the ethical questions, showcasing the deep divisions in the GOP over this chaotic appointment.Matt Gaetz probe in focus as House Ethics panel expected to meet | ReutersApple will ask a federal judge in New Jersey to dismiss a U.S. Department of Justice lawsuit accusing the company of monopolistic practices in the smartphone market. Prosecutors claim Apple's restrictions on third-party app developers and devices create barriers to competition, locking users into its ecosystem. Apple argues that these restrictions are reasonable, protect innovation, and should not be considered anticompetitive. This case follows a broader bipartisan push to curb Big Tech's market power. Similar lawsuits target Google for monopolizing online search, Meta for stifling competition through acquisitions, and Amazon for restrictive policies against sellers. However, some claims, like those alleging anticompetitive restrictions by Meta and Google, have been dismissed in court. Apple has cited these rulings to bolster its argument for dismissal.The DOJ and several states filed the lawsuit in March, focusing on Apple's fees and technical obstacles to competing devices, such as digital wallets and messaging services. If the judge finds the claims credible, the case could proceed, adding to the growing antitrust scrutiny of major tech firms.Apple to urge judge to end US smartphone monopoly case | ReutersU.S. prosecutors are set to outline potential remedies for Google's online search monopoly, following a landmark ruling in August that deemed Alphabet's practices illegal under antitrust laws. Options floated include terminating Google's exclusive agreements with companies like Apple, divesting business segments such as the Android operating system, or even requiring the sale of its Chrome browser. Prosecutors are expected to pursue several of these measures, despite Google's objections that such actions would harm consumers, businesses, and U.S. competitiveness in AI.The case, initiated during Donald Trump's presidency, faces uncertainty with his return to office. Trump has voiced both criticism of Google for perceived political bias and hesitancy about breaking up the company. His upcoming appointment of a new DOJ antitrust chief could shift the strategy, potentially altering the case's trajectory. A trial to consider these proposals is scheduled for April 2025, though final rulings by U.S. District Judge Amit Mehta are expected in August 2025. Google, which plans to appeal, will also present its own remedies in December.Google prosecutors to propose cure for search monopoly | ReutersAlex Jones, his depravity seemingly having no limit, has filed a lawsuit against Sandy Hook victims' families, The Onion's parent company, and a bankruptcy trustee, alleging collusion in the auction of his Infowars media company. The lawsuit follows a bankruptcy court's decision to award the majority of Infowars' assets to Global Tetrahedron LLC, whose bid of $1.75 million was deemed the best value. This winning bid included an agreement from some Sandy Hook families to waive their claims, boosting The Onion's affiliated bid.Jones, a grotesquerie facing $1.5 billion in defamation judgments for calling the Sandy Hook shooting a hoax, argues that the auction process was unfair and is seeking to disqualify the winning bid. First United America Companies, the backup bidder with a $3.5 million cash offer, also claims collusion and seeks to overturn the auction results.The bankruptcy trustee has defended the auction process as fair and transparent, emphasizing that Global Tetrahedron's bid was valued at over $7 million and was the clear choice. Sandy Hook families' attorneys reaffirmed their commitment to holding Jones accountable and rejected his intimidation tactics. Meanwhile, The Onion has dismissed Jones' claims as baseless, citing his history of conspiracy theories.Alex Jones Sues Sandy Hook Parents, Onion Over Infowars Bid (1)Former billionaire Bill Hwang, founder of Archegos Capital Management, is set to be sentenced for orchestrating a financial collapse that cost Wall Street over $10 billion. Convicted on charges of wire fraud, securities fraud, and market manipulation, Hwang faces a potential 21-year prison term, along with demands for $12.35 billion in forfeitures and restitution. Prosecutors described Hwang as a repeat offender who has shown no remorse, arguing for a severe sentence to deter others from similar actions.Archegos' collapse in March 2021 exposed Hwang's aggressive borrowing and speculative bets on media and tech stocks, which at its height created $160 billion in market exposure. When stock prices fell, Hwang failed to meet margin calls, triggering massive sell-offs and erasing over $100 billion in market value. Major banks, including Credit Suisse and Nomura Holdings, suffered significant losses.Hwang's defense argues for leniency, citing his Christian faith, philanthropic efforts, and lack of flight risk. They claim his actions didn't directly cause the losses and that his age and health reduce his risk of reoffending. However, prosecutors maintain that Hwang's reckless conduct and refusal to accept responsibility warrant harsh punishment. The 21-year sentence sought by prosecutors would be among the longest for white-collar crime in the U.S.Archegos' Bill Hwang to be sentenced for massive US fraud | Reuters This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

THE CALL IS COMING FROM INSIDE THE HOUSE. And the person calling is General Tilney. For this year's spooky season episode, we're talking about the bell system at Northanger Abbey. If you have ever wondered for whom the bell pulls, this episode is for you. You can find us online at https://www.thethingaboutausten.com and follow us on Instagram @TheThingAboutAusten and on Twitter @Austen_Things. You can email us at TheThingAboutAusten@gmail.com and head over to https://www.redbubble.com/people/aboutausten/shop to check out our podcast related merch.

Is Google's reign as the king of search engines under threat? Join us for a riveting session as we dissect the landmark antitrust ruling against Google by US District Judge Amit Mehta. We'll break down the implications of this ruling, drawing comparisons to Microsoft's past run-ins with antitrust law and discussing the potential fallout for the broader tech industry. Could Google's algorithm spin-off be the next Bell System breakup or just a minor inconvenience?We also venture into the controversial world of AI with a critical look at OpenAI's watermarking of ChatGPT-generated text. Explore the ethical dilemmas and the potential impacts on user behavior and the landscape of digital content. Plus, we take a fascinating detour to Indonesia's ban on DuckDuckGo, scrutinizing the cultural and religious motivations behind this move and its broader implications for online privacy and internet freedom.To cap it all off, we'll time-travel to the late 70s and celebrate the TRS-80, the "Trash 80," a game-changer in the personal computing revolution. Enjoy some whiskey tasting with us, featuring Old Charter Oak Spanish Oak, as we debate its unique flavor profile. Don't miss our staple segments: Mike's mesmerizing moment, the technology fail of the week, Nathan's Nugget, and our whiskey tasting pick of the day. This episode promises to be an insightful blend of tech news, lively debates, and a dash of nostalgia.

This Day in Legal History: Sherman Antitrust ActOn July 2, 1890, U.S. President Benjamin Harrison signed the Sherman Antitrust Act into law, marking a transformative moment in American economic history. This landmark legislation aimed to prohibit the formation of trusts and monopolies that restricted trade across states, fundamentally altering the landscape of American industry. Named after Senator John Sherman, the act sought to promote fair competition for the benefit of consumers.The Sherman Antitrust Act was a response to growing public concern over the power and influence of large corporations, which often stifled competition and controlled vast market shares. Notable entities affected by this law included John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil and the Bell System of telecommunications. Standard Oil, once a dominant force in the oil industry, was dismantled into smaller companies in 1911, following a landmark Supreme Court decision that found it in violation of the act.Similarly, the Bell System, which had monopolized the telecommunications industry, was broken up in 1982, leading to the creation of several independent companies. The Sherman Antitrust Act thus paved the way for more robust enforcement of antitrust laws and inspired future legislation, such as the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914.The act's passage represented a significant shift toward greater governmental regulation of the economy, aiming to protect consumers and ensure a level playing field for businesses. Over the years, it has served as a critical tool for the U.S. Department of Justice in pursuing antitrust cases. The Sherman Antitrust Act remains a cornerstone of American antitrust policy, highlighting the ongoing importance of regulating corporate power to maintain market integrity.The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy and new technology is providing a significant boost to private equity fundraising, benefiting law firms specializing in these areas. Investors have raised $17.4 billion for energy transition projects by June, surpassing last year's total of $10.3 billion, according to Preqin. This surge is driven by tax incentives from the Inflation Reduction Act, public demand for climate change solutions, and advancements in technologies like carbon capture.Prominent law firms, such as Davis Polk & Wardwell, Gibson Dunn, and Vinson & Elkins, are seeing increased activity due to the growing interest in energy transition investments. Michael Piazza of Gibson Dunn noted that despite the rise in renewable energy investments, continued investment in oil and gas remains necessary to support the energy transition responsibly.Major funds include Brookfield Asset Management's $10 billion fund announced in February and Morgan Stanley's plan to raise at least $1 billion. Firms like Blackstone, TPG, and KKR are also dedicating substantial resources to energy transition projects.While private equity fundraising has generally been sluggish, the energy transition sector stands out. Last year, private equity aggregate capital reached its lowest level since 2018, dropping over 8%. Limited partners are holding onto portfolio companies longer due to fewer exits via IPOs and secondary sales, complicating fundraising efforts.Law firms with expertise in private credit, fund formation, and energy deals are capitalizing on this trend. Firms such as Latham & Watkins and Simpson Thacher & Bartlett have been instrumental in advising on significant private credit loans and fund formations. The demand for legal services in energy transition has prompted firms like Paul Hastings and Sidley Austin to invest in hiring specialists in private credit and finance.Overall, the focus on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) initiatives has further fueled the energy transition boom, as limited partnerships increasingly include ESG criteria in their investment mandates. This shift provides incentives for investors to choose funds dedicated to climate technology and ESG projects over traditional private equity investments.Energy Transition Boom Aids Lawyers During Private Equity SlumpRudy Giuliani has requested to convert his Chapter 11 bankruptcy to a Chapter 7 liquidation. If approved by Judge Sean H. Lane of the US Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York, a trustee will manage Giuliani's estate and liquidate his assets to pay off his creditors, including a $148 million defamation judgment owed to two Georgia election workers.Creditors had previously called for a trustee, alleging that Giuliani had delayed financial disclosures and moved assets out of their reach. Giuliani's lawyers denied any dishonesty, stating he was correcting past financial mismanagement. The motion to convert the bankruptcy was filed as a one-page document, indicating Giuliani's decision to pursue this legal option against what his spokesperson described as a "partisan and politically motivated proceeding."Judge Lane has expressed frustration over the slow progress of Giuliani's bankruptcy case, noting Giuliani's focus on appealing the defamation judgment. Giuliani filed for Chapter 11 in December following the defamation ruling. His legal team is from Berger, Fischoff, Shumer, Wexler & Goodman LLP, while the committee of unsecured creditors is represented by Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP.Giuliani Moves to Liquidate Assets to Pay $148 Million Debt (1)Donald Trump is seeking to overturn his New York hush-money conviction following a U.S. Supreme Court decision that grants him some immunity from criminal prosecution for actions taken while president. Trump's lawyers have taken initial steps to request that the New York judge, Juan Merchan, set aside the jury's verdict, and propose delaying his sentencing to allow for briefing and arguments.The Supreme Court's 6-3 decision earlier stated that former presidents have immunity from prosecution for many official acts, reversing lower-court rulings and potentially influencing Trump's New York case. While two judges previously rejected Trump's immunity claims before this ruling, the decision could impact other legal proceedings against him.Trump's conviction involves 34 counts of falsifying business records related to payments made by his former lawyer, Michael Cohen, to adult-film star Stormy Daniels during the 2016 election. Prosecutors argued Trump reimbursed Cohen with payments falsely recorded as legal services. Despite Trump's defense, the jury found the payments were intended to silence Daniels about an affair, not for legitimate legal work.The Supreme Court ruling could also affect other cases against Trump, including federal charges related to the 2020 election and classified documents. The legal landscape for Trump remains complex and dynamic as he navigates multiple legal challenges.Trump Seeks to Toss NY Felony Conviction After Immunity Win (1)The U.S. Supreme Court's recent decision on presidential immunity leaves Judge Tanya Chutkan with the challenging task of determining the extent of immunity Donald Trump has in his federal criminal case related to his efforts to overturn the 2020 election results. The Court's 6-3 ruling affirmed that Trump has broad protection from prosecution for actions within his official duties as president. Judge Chutkan must now assess which actions fall under this protection and which do not, significantly impacting the four-count indictment brought by Special Counsel Jack Smith.This complex evaluation includes analyzing Trump's public statements before the January 6 Capitol attack and his attempts to organize alternate electors. Additionally, Chutkan will decide if prosecutors can overcome the presumption of immunity regarding Trump's pressure on then-Vice President Mike Pence. The Supreme Court's ruling suggests these communications are considered official acts.The process will delay the trial, originally scheduled for March, potentially pushing it beyond the November 5 presidential election where Trump is the Republican candidate. Chutkan, known for her no-nonsense approach, has previously shown little tolerance for delays and has a history of imposing strict sentences on Capitol rioters. Trump's legal team plans to appeal any unfavorable rulings, which could further prolong proceedings.Chutkan's previous ruling in December 2023 rejected Trump's broad immunity claims, but the new Supreme Court guidelines require her to reassess this stance. Additionally, a separate Supreme Court decision last week raised the bar for federal obstruction charges, directly affecting two of the four counts against Trump. The outcome of these legal challenges will set a significant precedent for future presidential immunity cases.US Supreme Court leaves Judge Tanya Chutkan to parse Trump immunity | Reuters This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

fWotD Episode 2587: 550 Madison Avenue Welcome to featured Wiki of the Day where we read the summary of the featured Wikipedia article every day.The featured article for Tuesday, 4 June 2024 is 550 Madison Avenue.550 Madison Avenue (also 550 Madison; formerly known as the Sony Tower, Sony Plaza, and AT&T Building) is a postmodern skyscraper on Madison Avenue between 55th and 56th Streets in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City, New York, U. S. Designed by Philip Johnson and John Burgee with associate architect Simmons Architects, the building is a 647-foot-tall (197-meter), 37-story office tower with a facade made of pink granite. It was completed in 1984 as the headquarters of AT&T Corp. and later became the American headquarters of Sony. A four-story granite annex to the west was demolished and replaced with a shorter annex in the early 2020s.A large entrance arch at the base of the building faces east toward Madison Avenue, flanked by arcades with smaller flat arches. A pedestrian atrium, running through the middle of the city block between 55th and 56th Streets, was also included in the design; a plaza was built in its place in the 2020s. The presence of the atrium enabled the building to rise higher without the use of setbacks because of a provision in the city's zoning codes. The ground-level lobby is surrounded by retail spaces, which were originally a public arcade. The office stories are accessed from a sky lobby above the base. Atop the building is a broken pediment with a circular opening. Opinion of the building has been mixed ever since its design was first announced in March 1978.The AT&T Building at 550 Madison Avenue was intended to replace 195 Broadway, the company's previous headquarters in Lower Manhattan. Following the breakup of the Bell System in 1982, near the building's completion, AT&T spun off its subsidiary companies. As a result, AT&T never occupied the entire building as it had originally intended. Sony leased the building in 1991, substantially renovated the base and interior, and acquired the structure from AT&T in 2002. Sony sold the building to the Chetrit Group in 2013 and leased back its offices there for three years. The Olayan Group purchased 550 Madison Avenue in 2016 with plans to renovate it, and the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated the building's exterior as a landmark in 2018. Olayan redeveloped the building in the late 2010s and early 2020s.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 00:55 UTC on Tuesday, 4 June 2024.For the full current version of the article, see 550 Madison Avenue on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm Niamh Neural.

On November 20, 1974, a significant legal event unfolded in the United States with the Department of Justice filing its final antitrust suit against the American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T), marking a pivotal moment in U.S. antitrust history. This lawsuit, United States v. AT&T, stemmed from suspicions in the 1970s by the Federal Communications Commission that AT&T was using monopoly profits from its Western Electric subsidiary to subsidize the costs of its network, an action contrary to U.S. antitrust law. The case, taken over by Judge Harold H. Greene of the United States District Court for the District of Columbia in 1978, culminated in a significant settlement in 1982 through a consent decree between AT&T and the Department of Justice.This settlement led to the 1982 Bell System divestiture, breaking up the old AT&T into seven regional Bell operating companies (RBOCs) and a much smaller new AT&T. This decision not only altered the telecommunications landscape but also set a precedent for antitrust actions in the United States. However, the long-term effects of this landmark case saw a gradual re-consolidation in the industry. By the early 2000s, several of the regional Bell operating companies began to merge. For example:* NYNEX was acquired by Bell Atlantic in 1996, which later became part of Verizon Communications.* Pacific Telesis and Ameritech were acquired by SBC (formerly Southwestern Bell Corporation) in 1997 and 1999, respectively, and ultimately became part of AT&T Inc.* Bell Atlantic merged with GTE in 2000 to form Verizon Communications.* Southwestern Bell Corporation, after rebranding as SBC Communications, acquired AT&T Corporation in 2005 and subsequently renamed itself AT&T Inc., completing a significant reversal of the original divestiture.* BellSouth was also acquired by AT&T Inc. in 2006.* US West was acquired by Qwest in 2000, which was later acquired by CenturyLink (now Lumen Technologies) in 2011.The post-divestiture era saw a surge in competition in the long-distance telecommunications market, with companies like Sprint and MCI emerging as significant players. However, the eventual re-consolidation under giants like AT&T Inc. and Verizon Communications indicates a return to a more concentrated industry structure, albeit not to the same monopoly status that AT&T held before 1984.This historic case and its aftermath are a testament to the dynamic nature of antitrust law and its impact on shaping industries. The initial breakup spurred competition and innovation, but the subsequent re-consolidation raises questions about the lasting effectiveness of such antitrust interventions in rapidly evolving sectors like telecommunications.In Wisconsin, a pivotal legal battle is underway regarding the state's electoral map and the power to modify election laws. The state, known for its extremely close presidential elections, faces a dispute over its legislative districts, which critics argue are gerrymandered to favor Republicans. This gerrymandering allegedly creates a significant GOP advantage in a state that is otherwise politically evenly divided.Democrats are pushing for these district lines to be redrawn before the next elections, citing that the current maps create unequal voter classes and violate state law requiring contiguous districts. The Wisconsin Supreme Court previously upheld the existing maps in 2021, emphasizing minimal changes. This decision solidified the GOP's advantage, established in 2011, in both the state Senate and Assembly districts.The controversy extends beyond redistricting to broader electoral policies. Governor Tony Evers, a Democrat, has vetoed over two dozen election-related bills proposed by the Republican-controlled state legislature, including those aiming to tighten absentee ballot rules and modify the nonpartisan Wisconsin Elections Commission. Additionally, there have been efforts to remove the state's nonpartisan elections commissioner and disputes over voting rules.The case, Clarke v. Wisconsin Elections Comm'n, is set for oral argument and revolves around whether the GOP-favored maps violate the state's separation of powers and whether parts of towns and cities outside districts breach state law. The outcome could mandate the creation of new district lines, impacting future elections in this critical swing state.America's Tightest Swing State Goes to Court for Election PowerDonald Trump's lawyers are set to challenge a gag order in a federal appeals court, which restricts Trump from commenting on certain individuals involved in a criminal case accusing him of trying to illegally overturn his 2020 election defeat. Imposed by U.S. Judge Tanya Chutkan, the order aims to prevent witness influence and threats against officials. Trump, eyeing the 2024 Republican presidential nomination, has criticized the order as a free speech infringement. The order permits criticism of the Justice Department but bars targeting prosecutors, court staff, and potential witnesses. The case, involving charges of conspiring to interfere with the 2020 presidential election results, is scheduled for trial in March 2024. Trump, who has pleaded not guilty, faces similar charges in three other criminal cases.US appeals court to consider Trump gag order in election subversion case | ReutersIn a recent trial in Missouri, Bayer was ordered to pay $1.56 billion in damages related to its Roundup weedkiller. The jury found Bayer's Monsanto business liable for negligence, design defects, and failing to warn about Roundup's dangers. Three plaintiffs, diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and one spouse were awarded substantial compensatory and punitive damages. This verdict follows a series of court losses for Bayer, intensifying shareholder pressure to revise its legal approach. Despite Bayer's insistence on Roundup's safety, backed by studies and recent EU approvals, the company faces about 50,000 pending claims and has previously settled thousands of similar cases.Bayer ordered to pay $1.56 billion in latest US trial loss over Roundup weedkiller | ReutersElon Musk, CEO of X (formerly known as Twitter), threatened legal action against Media Matters and others, accusing them of misrepresenting his platform and damaging its advertising revenue. This follows a series of ad suspensions by major companies like IBM and Disney, due to ads appearing alongside antisemitic content on X. Musk's endorsement of an antisemitic post on X drew criticism, including from the White House. Media Matters labeled Musk a "bully" for his lawsuit threat. This controversy comes amid increasing antisemitism in the U.S. and Musk's history of threatened legal actions, such as against the Anti-Defamation League, which he hasn't pursued.Elon Musk, under fire, threatens lawsuit against media watchdog | Reuters Get full access to Minimum Competence - Daily Legal News Podcast at www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

Here are some historical events that happened on November 18:1928: Mickey Mouse made his first appearance in the cartoon "Steamboat Willie," marking the official debut of the iconic Disney character.1963: The first push-button telephone went into service. It was introduced by the Bell System in Carnegie and Greensburg, Pennsylvania.1978: The People's Temple, a cult led by Jim Jones, came to a tragic end in Jonestown, Guyana, where over 900 members died in a mass murder-suicide.1991: The Lebanese kidnappers released American journalist Terry Anderson after being held captive for nearly seven years.2003: The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruled that same-sex couples had the right to marry, making Massachusetts the first U.S. state to legalize same-sex marriage.2013: NASA's MAVEN spacecraft successfully entered orbit around Mars. MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) is a space probe designed to study the Martian atmosphere.Remember that historical events may vary in significance, and these are just a few examples from different years on November 18.Podcast Website:https://atozenglishpodcast.com/a-to-z-this-day-in-world-history-november-18th/Social Media:Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/671098974684413/Tik Tok:@atozenglish1Instagram:@atozenglish22Twitter:@atozenglish22A to Z Facebook Page:https://www.facebook.com/theatozenglishpodcastCheck out our You Tube Channel:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCds7JR-5dbarBfas4Ve4h8ADonate to the show: https://app.redcircle.com/shows/9472af5c-8580-45e1-b0dd-ff211db08a90/donationsRobin and Jack started a new You Tube channel called English Word Master. You can check it out here:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2aXaXaMY4P2VhVaEre5w7ABecome a member of Podchaser and leave a positive review!https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/the-a-to-z-english-podcast-4779670Join our Whatsapp group: https://forms.gle/zKCS8y1t9jwv2KTn7Intro/Outro Music: Daybird by Broke for Freehttps://freemusicarchive.org/music/Broke_For_Free/Directionless_EP/Broke_For_Free_-_Directionless_EP_-_03_Day_Bird/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcodehttps://freemusicarchive.org/music/eaters/simian-samba/audrey-horne/https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Scott_Joplin/Piano_Rolls_from_archiveorg/ScottJoplin-RagtimeDance1906/https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/the-a-to-z-english-podcast/donationsAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

Geldgeschichte(n): Das Bell-System & Die LTCM-Krise Im Rahmen unseres deutsch-österreichischen Verständigungsprojekts vereinen mein Bloggerkollege Clemens Faustenhammer und ich die zwei schönsten Nebensachen der Welt, nämlich Geld und Geschichte, miteinander und reisen dafür einmal monatlich zurück in unsere Finanz-Zukunft. In der zehnten Folge der Geldgeschichten schauen wir als erstes auf die US-amerikanische Antitrust-Gesetzgebung am Beispiel des Bell-Systems, danach gedenken wir der Beinahe-Kernschmelze des internationalen Finanzsystems, welche vor genau 25 Jahren durch die Pleite des Hedgefonds Long-Term Capital Management (LTCM) ausgelöst wurde. Gerade einmal ein Zeitvorsprung von zwei Stunden ebneten den Weg für den Aufstieg und die Bildung eines der wohl größten Monopole in den letzten beiden Jahrhunderte. Der aus Schottland stammende Erfinder, Taubstummenlehrer und spätere Unternehmen Alexander Graham Bell legte mit seinem Patent für kommerziell verwertbares Telefongerät den Grundstein für die American Telephone and Telegraph Company – kurz: AT&T. Die wechselhafte Geschichte des einstigen Branchenprimus im nordamerikanischen Telekommunikationssektor ist eng mit einem beispiellosen wie kontroversiellen Gerichtsurteil in der US-Justizgeschichte verbunden. Doch warum währten die erhofften Effekte durch die Zerschlagung des Bell'schen Systems und die damit verknüpfte Hoffnung für einen stärkeren Branchenwettbewerb nur für eine recht kurze Dauer? Und was haben die „Baby Bells“ von AT&T nun konkret mit Microsofts „Baby Bills“ zu tun? Für unsere zweite Geldgeschichte begeben wir uns zurück in die jüngere Vergangenheit, zu einem einschneidenden Börsenereignis vor exakt 25 Jahren. Vier Buchstaben sind es, die seinerzeit in die Börsengeschichte eingegangen sind: LTCM. Das Kürzel steht für Long-Term Capital Management, ein Hedgefonds, dessen Pleite mit potenziell exorbitant hohen Folgekosten am 23. September 1998 gerade noch abgewendet werden konnte. Die sogenannte LTCM-Krise von 1998 ist nicht nur finanzhistorisch eine interessante Episode, sondern auch ein sehr anschauliches Beispiel für das bekannteste Federvieh im Börsenzoo, den schwarzen Schwan! Philosophisch führen uns Aufstieg und Fall des LTCM zur entscheidenden Frage bei linearen Entwicklungen in dynamischen Umfeldern beziehungsweise komplexen System: Wann ist Thanksgiving? Beleuchtet werden die aus der Not erfolgte Gründung des legendären Hedgefonds, sein rasanter Aufstieg, die nobelrpeisgekürte Handelsstrategie sowie sein abrupte Ende im Zuge der russischen Staatspleite 1998. Ebenso werfen wir einen Blick auf die Hauptprotagonisten in diesem Finanzdrama und die Gründe für ihr spektakuläres Scheitern. Eine frische Folge unseres gemeinsamen Podcastformats mit jeweils zwei lehrreichen Geldgeschichten erscheint an jedem letzten Freitag im Monat! Medienempfehlungen: ► Steve Coll: The Deal of the Century ► Peter Temin / Louis Galambos: The Fall of the Bell System ► The Dividend Post: Bell Enterprise Canada (BCE) ► William Yurcik: Judge Harold H. Greene ► Roger Lowenstein: Der große Irrtum ► Karl Popper: Das Elend des Historizismus ► Nassim Nicolas Taleb: Der Schwarze Schwan

謙信的Mixerbox 訂閱節目：獨立思考，請大家多多捧場，支持謙信繼續提供好節目 謙信新書：戰國名女性，在Readmoo kobo 與google書店都有販售 業務合作請洽：japantraveler1@gmail.com athrunzhung@gmail.com 美國紐約市在2022年5月24日，曼哈頓區長萊文（Mark Levine）在媒體面前下令，拆除最後一座、位於紐約市第7大道和第50街交叉街角，裝有兩具貝爾系統（Bell System）話機公用電話亭拆除，隨後抬上卡車載走。就這樣付費公共電話亭，正式向舊時代告別，也是由於近年來Wi-Fi網路和行動電話普及，讓這些公共電話亭乏人問津。 在今天連小學生都有手機的現在，大家能想起上次使用公共電話是什麼時候了嗎？曾經在外面要聯絡朋友或是家人就得靠公共電話的時代，即使是年長朋友恐怕也快要記憶淡忘了吧？ 日本在1984年時，全國的公共電話達到高峰的93萬台之多，隨後因為手機的逐步普及，很自然的數量就開始滑坡下降，根據統計到2020年三月時，日本全國只剩下15萬台，除此外77％的小學生從來沒有使用過，即使今日是作為緊急用途，在重視公共災害防範的國家這個數字也很令人訝異。今天就和大家聊聊日本公共電話的出現與發展。 大家應該都還記得，亞歷山大。貝爾於1876年獲得電話專利後，接下來的時間他成功完成單方面、遠距離單方與雙方通話，每次的成功都讓人訝異萬分。次年他就成立貝爾電話公司，讓更多美國人初次經歷這項發明的方便，緊接著推廣到世界各國。…. fb專頁：https://www.facebook.com/historysquare/ FB社團：https://www.facebook.com/groups/873307933055348 Podcast : http://kshin.co​ twitter:@alexzhung 電子書著作 Amazon : https://reurl.cc/g8lprR​ Readmoo ：https://reurl.cc/jqpYmm​ Kobo : https://reurl.cc/GdDLgW​ Google : https://reurl.cc/9ZyLyn​

Supporters gathering at 2p today at Union Kitchen, 1251 9th St NW to demand immediate reinstatement of Carlos Hernandez, fired for supporting the union.   Today's labor quote: John Sweeney. Today's labor history: 300,000 members of the National Federation of Telephone Workers strike AT&T and the Bell System.       @wpfwdc #1u #unions #LaborRadioPod @AFLCIO #1u @UFCW400 @UnionKitchenDC Proud founding member of the Labor Radio Podcast Network.

Supporters gathering at 2p today at Union Kitchen, 1251 9th St NW to demand immediate reinstatement of Carlos Hernandez, fired for supporting the union.   Today's labor quote: John Sweeney. Today's labor history: 300,000 members of the National Federation of Telephone Workers strike AT&T and the Bell System.       @wpfwdc #1u #unions #LaborRadioPod @AFLCIO #1u @UFCW400 @UnionKitchenDC Proud founding member of the Labor Radio Podcast Network.

We begin our 40th anniversary celebration of EPCOT Center with a look at the theme of its signature pavilion, communications! We'll look back in time to see the history of the Bell System's past offerings at World's Fairs and Disneyland itself, and talk with Imagineer Peggie Fariss about the level of research that went into the creation of EPCOT's Spaceship Earth. To top it off, we'll examine how Spaceship Earth developed from the "Future World Theme Show" to the attraction we know and love today. History, music, and more - hug a Phoenician and beware the electronic babble, it's the Progress City Radio Hour!

Monte Shriver - Grew up in Aztec, NM. High School Graduation 1952. New Mexico State. Graduated in 1957 and commissioned as 2nd LT in the USAFR. Called active duty in April 1958. Attended Air Intelligence Office course at Shepard AFB, TX. Then Osan AFB Korea August 58-August 59. Assigned to 314th Air Division Intelligence office. Was appointed Target Intelligence Officer where his group maintained about 15 4-drawer file cabinets of potential targets in the Far East. Was appointed Top Secret Control Officer for the Intelligence directorate where he maintained all intelligence top secret documents for the Air Division. Given assignment to develop Target Folders for the ROKAF. Worked with 5th AF Targets branch and 8th Army Artillery Division to develop target list and delivered target folders to ROKAF target Intelligence. August 59 -March 1, 1960 Photo-Radar Intelligence training course at Shepard AFB. Released from active duty March 1, 1960. Promoted to Captain June 1, 1964 and subsequently discharged from the Air Force Reserve. Spent the balance of his career with the Bell System.

Monte Shriver - Grew up in Aztec, NM. High School Graduation 1952. New Mexico State. Graduated in 1957 and commissioned as 2nd LT in the USAFR. Called active duty in April 1958. Attended Air Intelligence Office course at Shepard AFB, TX. Then Osan AFB Korea August 58-August 59. Assigned to 314th Air Division Intelligence office. Was appointed Target Intelligence Officer where his group maintained about 15 4-drawer file cabinets of potential targets in the Far East. Was appointed Top Secret Control Officer for the Intelligence directorate where he maintained all intelligence top secret documents for the Air Division. Given assignment to develop Target Folders for the ROKAF. Worked with 5th AF Targets branch and 8th Army Artillery Division to develop target list and delivered target folders to ROKAF target Intelligence. August 59 -March 1, 1960 Photo-Radar Intelligence training course at Shepard AFB. Released from active duty March 1, 1960. Promoted to Captain June 1, 1964 and subsequently discharged from the Air Force Reserve. Spent the balance of his career with the Bell System.

Episode Notes Ken Knowlton passed away at the age of 91 last week. He was one of the leading figures in the establishment of computer graphics and animation Auto-Generated Transcript   EandE-Knowlton Wed, 8/3 2:04PM • 12:43 SUMMARY KEYWORDS bell labs, work, schwartz, computer graphics, computer, images, figure, ken norton, nude, newton, film, important, fields, lillian, matthews, technologist, picture, billy, smaller version, talking SPEAKERS Christopher Garcia   Christopher Garcia  There are a lot of people who could rightfully be called the founder of computer animation, you could make up a list of 10 people by the most knowledgeable people in the field. And there wouldn't be much overlap. But one name that would be guaranteed to be on every list is Ken Knolton, Ken Knolton passed away at the age of 91 this weekend, but he left behind a legacy that has led us to where we are today. This episode, we're talking about Kendall, Bell Labs, and BT. Vis is engineers and enthusiast. Ken Knolton likely is the figure that will receive the most attention when going back over the early days of computer graphics. And for good reason. His work at Bell Labs in particular, was massively important. And while we could go into everything from his work, doing natural language translation in sentences using voyeuristic forms, which, honestly is way beyond my mind, too, is more widely known work. In computer graphics, we're going to focus just on to this episode. And in the next, it's going to be all about eat experiments in art and technology. It'll make sense when you get there. Bell Labs, which you've talked about extensively, was the home of many geniuses. And I'll just focus on four of them. Claude Shannon, and John Pierce, Max Matthews, and Ken Norton. And in the 1960s, these were four of the biggest names in technology in much the same way. 10 years later, the names Don Knuth, John McCarthy, and Feigenbaum and Marvin Minsky represented the peak of their work, despite the fact they were across two different universities. But these four were all at Bell Labs, and that made Bell Labs, a locus, Shannon and Pierce's work cutting across disciplines, two of the most amazing scientists of the 20th century, a figure known to few nowadays, but was incredibly important, Richard Hamming. And he did something very interesting, he told Newton, who was working in all sorts of different sections. He told Knolton slow down, if everyone here made more than one contribution to the Bell System in his lifetime, the system would be in chaos. That is huge. He was looking at the possibility of parsing computer languages, for example, and using them to create images. And in the early 1960s, he developed BEFLIX, which is a sort of a shortening of belflex. And it was the first computer language designed specifically for bitmap moviemaking. Now there had already been some work in computer animation in particular, using things like vector images. That was what Ed's a Jack had done with his demonstration of it looks like a domino that keeps one face pointing towards the globe at all times really innovative.   Christopher Garcia  Mike Knoll was also there and doing some very interesting mathematical works using printers more often than images on a screen. And what they had was a microfilm printer. And so it could put images that would go normally on the screen on to 35 millimeter movie film. Very important idea. So, after a series, this series of subroutine was created, he came up with this concept that was very simple. It was two different qualities of frame that could be created using what we would today consider to be pixels of, I believe, six different intensities. And this would allow you to make relatively rough images, I think it was 256 was the width of each individual frame at a maximum. But this still allowed for excellent expression. And when you look at one of the most important films in the history of computer graphics, one that should 100% be on the National Film Registry. It's called a computer technique for the production of animated films.   Christopher Garcia  That alone To show that BEFLIX was a major step forward. What's also incredible is that BEFLIX was retired very quickly, he only did a few films with it. And one that he did was for a high level list processing language called L six, and is a demonstration of how l six works and pretty simple, but it is massively important to how they would move forward in the idea of computer graphics. No, worked nowadays somewhat controversially, with Lillian Schwartz. And apparently there was an unhappiness with me being a very big proponent of Schwartz as an innovator in the computer graphics world. And he didn't quite like me, apparently. The idea here, though, is very important. This was the application of computer graphics and computer animation in an artistic context. Whereas BEFLIX had been used previously to do things like the demonstration of how you would make animated movies using B flicks or for L six, just demonstrating how you make movies, and use a project here. These were strictly artistic. And these are excellent films up to four minutes long, some of them scored by very, very significant figures in the history of computer music.   Christopher Garcia  Can you guess who the first one was? If you said Max Matthews, you're right. And in particular, that's why I believe Olympiad is a major significant step forward in the history of computer animation. And there'll be arguments for years and years over who deserves any credit for the work done in the Knolton-Schwartz collaboration. I think artistically, it is clear that Lillian Schwartz's impact on the project was massive when you compare to anything else Knolton was doing, and he was doing other things, including working with Stan Vanderbeek, one of the most important figures in experimental film in the US. And their poem fields were interesting, but they were not what Schwartz and Knowlton manage to do with Olympiad in particular, because it applies an idea that is known widely through the history of computer graphics. If you look at one of my personal favorite pieces, when you see a figure running, it's made up of these sort of traces. And as it goes, the traces get more diffused, I fuse until it's just a wireframe of a running figure. That idea has perpetrated on through it even occurs in some of the work of Mr. Wheeler when he was working with computers. The idea of a purely artistic delivery of computer graphics when Knolton was there on the very early portions. And while poem fields are important, I really think the works like pixelation, UFOs, definitely Olympiad definitely speak to the level of artistry that was being applied. But that might not have been the most important thing that he did.   Christopher Garcia  And we have to go back to Bell Labs and the office of a guy named Ed David. And he was a higher up in muckety muck that at Bell Labs, and Leon Harmon had come up with an idea, a prank really. And he enlisted the help of Milton, what they were going to do was one entire wall of Ed David's office was going to be covered with a huge picture that they were going to do made up of electronic symbols for transistors, resistors, mathematical operations, and so forth. And it's very, very smart. Because what nolton than others admittedly, including type artists, typewriter, artists of the 1920s had already realized this, that each individual character has a light, dark value. So for example, symbol for resistor is considerably darker than a symbol for, say, division. And when you're at a distance, all you're getting is that fields intensity of light. And when you can translate regular images into that you can make something that up close is gobbledygook. But once you step back from the whole picture, we know this from the pointless of course and various others. But here's the shocking thing. Their choice a female nude a woman reclining on a couch.   Christopher Garcia  Now, the 12 foot one was taken down pretty quickly at the labs. And apparently Ed David put it in his basement rec room, but smaller versions were all over the place. And according to Newton's website, he has a whole page about This smaller version of the picture began to mysteriously propagate. And I had not the slightest idea how the PR department scowled and warned that you may circulate this thing. But be sure that you do not associate the name of Bell Labs with it. Well, the big version did show up again, and that was in Robert Rauschenberg loft on October 11 1967. And it actually ended up in the New York Times. And what's amazing is that this idea of a nude being used in the New York Times is gigantic. He quotes Billy, Billy Kluever, claiming that this was the first time ever the times printed a nude while the PR department got together, and they decided that it wasn't porn anymore. It was art. And they could distribute it anywhere they wanted. But they had to say they made it at Bell Labs. A lot of the people who were working with Knolton over the years would go on to be huge, and I've mentioned most of them before, including Billy Kluever, Max Matthews, Lillian Schwartz, Andy Van Damme, also, and Stan Vanderbeek Vanderbeek in particular is a very, very significant figure. And someday I'll do more about his work in many ways. Vander Beek and Mr. Willer sort of bounce off one another. And what's interesting is that Leon Harmon was really the artist in the pairing. Well, of course, Newton was a technologist, which makes a lot of sense. No one would go on to do a lot of digital mosaics of various types. And he did this thing, which was sort of a puzzle where you could move faces in and out and it became very different. It's a very, very, I don't quite understand how it works. But it does allude to this idea that you can make faces out of any element, which I know logically makes sense. But when you think about it, and try to put that into action, it becomes much, much more difficult. Even today, I have trouble with it. Ken Norton passed away at the age of 91, leaving behind an influence that very, very few technologists can actually match. Next time we're back we'll be talking about eat experiments in art and technology, which will let me talk about my pal, Robert Rauschenberg, Billy Kluever. It's so many just data Find out more at https://engineers--enthusiasts.pinecast.co

Will, Ray and Kat discuss current 1980s news including a changes to upcoming 1980s sequel release dates and a Dungeon Master who makes $125/hour to run an RPG campaign. Then, Will shares a true "crime" story that began in the 1980s and was only solved in 2018. To support the show on Patreon visit www.patreon.com/1980snow. For more episodes of 1980s Now (formerly The 80its) and information about the show visit www.1980snow.com. And for even more 1980s awesomeness visit the80sruled.com or facebook.com/80sruled. True "Crime" Bibliography: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakup_of_the_Bell_System (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakup_of_the_Bell_System) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Davis_(cartoonist) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Davis_(cartoonist)) https://www.pgpedia.com/t/tyco-toys (https://www.pgpedia.com/t/tyco-toys) https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/why-have-garfield-phones-been-washing-ashore-france-30-years-180971835/ (https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/why-have-garfield-phones-been-washing-ashore-france-30-years-180971835/) https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/29/world/europe/garfield-phones-france.html (https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/29/world/europe/garfield-phones-france.html) http://www.slate.com/articles/life/design/2012/05/telephone_design_a_brief_history_photos_.html (http://www.slate.com/articles/life/design/2012/05/telephone_design_a_brief_history_photos_.html) https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-47732553 (https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-47732553) https://www.insider.com/mystery-garfield-phones-french-beach-solved-2019-3 (https://www.insider.com/mystery-garfield-phones-french-beach-solved-2019-3) https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2019/03/29/decades-garfield-telephones-kept-washing-ashore-france-now-mystery-has-been-solved/?wpisrc=nl_mix&wpmm=1 (https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2019/03/29/decades-garfield-telephones-kept-washing-ashore-france-now-mystery-has-been-solved/?wpisrc=nl_mix&wpmm=1) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P5Dnkcw2kjg (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P5Dnkcw2kjg)

What is the nature of innovation? Is it overhearing a conversation as with Morse and the telegraph? Working with the deaf as with Bell? Divine inspiration? Necessity? Science fiction? Or given that the answer to all of these is yes, is it really more the intersectionality between them and multiple basic and applied sciences with deeper understandings in each domain? Or is it being given the freedom to research? Or being directed to research? Few have as storied a history of innovation as Bell Labs and few have had anything close to the impact. Bell Labs gave us 9 Nobel Prizes and 5 Turing awards. Their alumni have even more, but those were the ones earned while at Bell. And along the way they gave us 26,000 patents. They researched, automated, and built systems that connected practically every human around the world - moving us all into an era of instant communication. It's a rich history that goes back in time from the 2018 Ashkin Nobel for applied optical tweezers and 2018 Turing award for Deep Learning to an almost steampunk era of tophats and the dawn of the electrification of the world. Those late 1800s saw a flurry of applied and basic research. One reason was that governments were starting to fund that research. Alessandro Volta had come along and given us the battery and it was starting to change the world. So Napolean's nephew, Napoleon III, during the second French Empire gave us the Volta Prize in 1852. One of those great researchers to receive the Volta Prize was Alexander Graham Bell. He invented the telephone in 1876 and was awarded the Volta Prize, getting 50,000 francs. He used the money to establish the Volta Laboratory, which would evolve or be a precursor to a research lab that would be called Bell Labs. He also formed the Bell Patent Association in 1876. They would research sound. Recording, transmission, and analysis - so science. There was a flurry of business happening in preparation to put a phone in every home in the world. We got the Bell System, The Bell Telephone Company, American Bell Telephone Company patent disputes with Elisha Gray over the telephone (and so the acquisition of Western Electric), and finally American Telephone and Telegraph, or AT&T. Think of all this as Ma' Bell. Not Pa' Bell mind you - as Graham Bell gave all of his shares except 10 to his new wife when they were married in 1877. And her dad ended up helping build the company and later creating National Geographic, even going international with International Bell Telephone Company. Bell's assistant Thomas Watson sold his shares off to become a millionaire in the 1800s, and embarking on a life as a Shakespearean actor. But Bell wasn't done contributing. He still wanted to research all the things. Hackers gotta' hack. And the company needed him to - keep in mind, they were a cutting edge technology company (then as in now). That thirst for research would infuse AT&T - with Bell Labs paying homage to the founder's contribution to the modern day. Over the years they'd be on West Street in New York and expand to have locations around the US. Think about this: it was becoming clear that automation would be able to replace human efforts where electricity is concerned. The next few decades gave us the vacuum tube, flip flop circuits, mass deployment of radio. The world was becoming ever so slightly interconnected. And Bell Labs was researching all of it. From physics to the applied sciences. By the 1920s, they were doing sound synchronized with motion and shooting that over long distances and calculating the noise loss. They were researching encryption. Because people wanted their calls to be private. That began with things like one-time pad cyphers but would evolve into speech synthesizers and even SIGSALY, the first encrypted (or scrambled) speech transmission that led to the invention of the first computer modem. They had engineers like Harry Nyquist, whose name is on dozens of theories, frequencies, even noise. He arrived in 1917 and stayed until he retired in 1954. One of his most important contributions was to move beyond printing telegraph to paper tape and to helping transmit pictures over electricity - and Herbert Ives from there sent color photos, thus the fax was born (although it would be Xerox who commercialized the modern fax machine in the 1960s). Nyquist and others like Ralph Hartley worked on making audio better, able to transmit over longer lines, reducing feedback, or noise. While there, Hartley gave us the oscillator, developed radio receivers, parametric amplifiers, and then got into servomechanisms before retiring from Bell Labs in 1950. The scientists who'd been in their prime between the two world wars were titans and left behind commercializable products, even if they didn't necessarily always mean to. By the 40s a new generation was there and building on the shoulders of these giants. Nyquist's work was extended by Claude Shannon, who we devoted an entire episode to. He did a lot of mathematical analysis like writing “A Mathematical Theory of Communication” to birth Information Theory as a science. They were researching radio because secretly I think they all knew those leased lines would some day become 5G. But also because the tech giants of the era included radio and many could see a day coming when radio, telephony, and aThey were researching how electrons diffracted, leading to George Paget Thomson receiving the Nobel Prize and beginning the race for solid state storage. Much of the work being done was statistical in nature. And they had William Edwards Deming there, whose work on statistical analysis when he was in Japan following World War II inspired a global quality movement that continues to this day in the form of frameworks like Six Sigma and TQM. Imagine a time when Japanese manufacturing was of such low quality that he couldn't stay on a phone call for a few minutes or use a product for a time. His work in Japan's reconstruction paired with dedicated founders like Akio Morita, who co-founded Sony, led to one of the greatest productivity increases, without sacrificing quality, of any time in the world. Deming would change the way Ford worked, giving us the “quality culture.” Their scientists had built mechanical calculators going back to the 30s (Shannon had built a differential analyzer while still at MIT) - first for calculating the numbers they needed to science better then for ballistic trajectories, then with the Model V in 1946, general computing. But these were slow; electromechanical at best. Mary Torrey was another statistician of the era who along with Harold Hodge gave us the theory of acceptance sampling and thus quality control for electronics. And basic electronics research to do flip-flop circuits fast enough to establish a call across a number of different relays was where much of this was leading. We couldn't use mechanical computers for that, and tubes were too slow. And so in 1947 John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley invented the transistor at Bell Labs, which be paired with Shannon's work to give us the early era of computers as we began to weave Boolean logic in ways that allowed us to skip moving parts and move to a purely transistorized world of computing. In fact, they all knew one day soon, everything that monster ENIAC and its bastard stepchild UNIVAC was doing would be done on a single wafer of silicon. But there was more basic research to get there. The types of wires we could use, the Marnaugh map from Maurice Karnaugh, zone melting so we could do level doping. And by 1959 Mohamed Atalla and Dawon Kahng gave us metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors, or MOSFETs - which was a step on the way to large-scale integration, or LSI chips. Oh, and they'd started selling those computer modems as the Bell 101 after perfecting the tech for the SAGE air-defense system. And the research to get there gave us the basic science for the solar cell, electronic music, and lasers - just in the 1950s. The 1960s saw further work work on microphones and communication satellites like Telstar, which saw Bell Labs outsource launching satellites to NASA. Those transistors were coming in handy, as were the solar panels. The 14 watts produced certainly couldn't have moved a mechanical computer wheel. Blaise Pascal and would be proud of the research his countries funds inspired and Volta would have been perfectly happy to have his name still on the lab I'm sure. Again, shoulders and giants. Telstar relayed its first television signal in 1962. The era of satellites was born later that year when Cronkite televised coverage of Kennedy manipulating world markets on this new medium for the first time and IBM 1401 computers encrypted and decrypted messages, ushering in an era of encrypted satellite communications. Sputnik may heave heated the US into orbit but the Telstar program has been an enduring system through to the Telstar 19V launched in 2018 - now outsourced to a Falcon 9 rocket from Space X. It might seem like Bell Labs had done enough for the world. But they still had a lot of the basic wireless research to bring us into the cellular age. In fact, they'd plotted out what the cellular age would look like all the way back in 1947! The increasing use of computers to do the all the acoustics and physics meant they were working closely with research universities during the rise of computing. They were involved in a failed experiment to create an operating system in the late 60s. Multics influenced so much but wasn't what we might consider a commercial success. It was the result of yet another of DARPA's J.C.R. Licklider's wild ideas in the form of Project MAC, which had Marvin Minsky and John McCarthy. Big names in the scientific community collided with cooperation and GE, Bell Labs and Multics would end up inspiring many a feature of a modern operating system. The crew at Bell Labs knew they could do better and so set out to take the best of Multics and implement a lighter, easier operating system. So they got to work on Uniplexed Information and Computing Service, or Unics, which was a pun on Multics. Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Doug McIllroy, Joe Assana, Brian Kernigan, and many others wrote Unix originally in assembly and then rewrote it in C once Dennis Ritchie wrote that to replace B. Along the way, Alfred Aho, Peter Weinber, and Kernighan gave us AWSK and with all this code they needed a way to keep the source under control so Marc Rochkind gave us the SCCS, or Course Code Control System, first written for an IBM S/3370 and then ported to C - which would be how most environments maintained source code until CVS came along in 1986. And Robert Fourer, David Gay, and Brian Kernighan wrote A Mathematical Programming Language, or AMPL, while there. Unix began as a bit of a shadow project but would eventually go to market as Research Unix when Don Gillies left Bell to go to the University of Illinois at Champaign-Urbana. From there it spread and after it fragmented in System V led to the rise of IBM's AIX, HP-UX, SunOS/Solaris, BSD, and many other variants - including those that have evolved into the macOS through Darwin, and Android through Linux. But Unix wasn't all they worked on - it was a tool to enable other projects. They gave us the charge-coupled device, which resulted in yet another Nobel Prize. That is an image sensor built on the MOS technologies. While fiber optics goes back to the 1800s, they gave us attenuation over fiber and thus could stretch cables to only need repeaters every few dozen miles - again reducing the cost to run the ever-growing phone company. All of this electronics allowed them to finally start reducing their reliance on electromechanical and human-based relays to transistor-to-transistor logic and less mechanical meant less energy, less labor to repair, and faster service. Decades of innovation gave way to decades of profit - in part because of automation. The 5ESS was a switching system that went online in 1982 and some of what it did - its descendants still do today. Long distance billing, switching modules, digital line trunk units, line cards - the grid could run with less infrastructure because the computer managed distributed switching. The world was ready for packet switching. 5ESS was 100 million lines of code, mostly written in C. All that source was managed with SCCS. Bell continued with innovations. They produced that modem up into the 70s but allowed Hayes, Rockewell, and others to take it to a larger market - coming back in from time to time to help improve things like when Bell Labs, branded as Lucent after the breakup of AT&T, helped bring the 56k modem to market. The presidents of Bell Labs were as integral to the success and innovation as the researchers. Frank Baldwin Jewett from 1925 to 1940, Oliver Buckley from 40 to 51, the great Mervin Kelly from 51 to 59, James Fisk from 59 to 73, William Oliver Baker from 73 to 79, and a few others since gave people like Bishnu Atal the space to develop speech processing algorithms and predictive coding and thus codecs. And they let Bjarne Stroustrup create C++, and Eric Schmidt who would go on to become a CEO of Google and the list goes on. Nearly every aspect of technology today is touched by the work they did. All of this research. Jon Gerstner wrote a book called The Idea Factory: Bell Labs and the Great Age of American Innovation. He chronicles the journey of multiple generations of adventurers from Germany, Ohio, Iowa, Japan, and all over the world to the Bell campuses. The growth and contraction of the basic and applied research and the amazing minds that walked the halls. It's a great book and a short episode like this couldn't touch the aspects he covers. He doesn't end the book as hopeful as I remain about the future of technology, though. But since he wrote the book, plenty has happened. After the hangover from the breakup of Ma Bell they're now back to being called Nokia Bell Labs - following a $16.6 billion acquisition by Nokia. I sometimes wonder if the world has the stomach for the same level of basic research. And then Alfred Aho and Jeffrey Ullman from Bell end up sharing the Turing Award for their work on compilers. And other researchers hit a terabit a second speeds. A storied history that will be a challenge for Marcus Weldon's successor. He was there as a post-doc there in 1995 and rose to lead the labs and become the CTO of Nokia - he said the next regeneration of a Doctor Who doctor would come in after him. We hope they are as good of stewards as those who came before them. The world is looking around after these decades of getting used to the technology they helped give us. We're used to constant change. We're accustomed to speed increases from 110 bits a second to now terabits. The nature of innovation isn't likely to be something their scientists can uncover. My guess is Prometheus is guarding that secret - if only to keep others from suffering the same fate after giving us the fire that sparked our imaginations. For more on that, maybe check out Hesiod's Theogony. In the meantime, think about the places where various sciences and disciplines intersect and think about the wellspring of each and the vast supporting casts that gave us our modern life. It's pretty phenomenal when ya' think about it.

As the EEOC built its case, the lawyers discovered that AT&T's own data showed exactly how women and men were treated differently. They used that data to build their case, entitling it "A Unique Competence: A Study of Equal Employment Opportunity in the Bell System." When AT&T officers saw that document, they were shocked. When AT&T's women saw it, they were ready to organize.

Monte Shriver - Grew up in Aztec, NM. High School Graduation 1952. New Mexico State. Graduated in 1957 and commissioned as 2nd LT in the USAFR. Called active duty in April 1958. Attended Air Intelligence Office course at Shepard AFB, TX. Then Osan AFB Korea August 58-August 59. Assigned to 314th Air Division Intelligence office. Was appointed Target Intelligence Officer where his group maintained about 15 4-drawer file cabinets of potential targets in the Far East. Was appointed Top Secret Control Officer for the Intelligence directorate where he maintained all intelligence top secret documents for the Air Division. Given assignment to develop Target Folders for the ROKAF. Worked with 5th AF Targets branch and 8th Army Artillery Division to develop target list and delivered target folders to ROKAF target Intelligence. August 59 -March 1, 1960 Photo-Radar Intelligence training course at Shepard AFB. Released from active duty March 1, 1960. Promoted to Captain June 1, 1964 and subsequently discharged from the Air Force Reserve. Spent the balance of his career with the Bell System.

Monte Shriver - Grew up in Aztec, NM. High School Graduation 1952. New Mexico State. Graduated in 1957 and commissioned as 2nd LT in the USAFR. Called active duty in April 1958. Attended Air Intelligence Office course at Shepard AFB, TX. Then Osan AFB Korea August 58-August 59. Assigned to 314th Air Division Intelligence office. Was appointed Target Intelligence Officer where his group maintained about 15 4-drawer file cabinets of potential targets in the Far East. Was appointed Top Secret Control Officer for the Intelligence directorate where he maintained all intelligence top secret documents for the Air Division. Given assignment to develop Target Folders for the ROKAF. Worked with 5th AF Targets branch and 8th Army Artillery Division to develop target list and delivered target folders to ROKAF target Intelligence. August 59 -March 1, 1960 Photo-Radar Intelligence training course at Shepard AFB. Released from active duty March 1, 1960. Promoted to Captain June 1, 1964 and subsequently discharged from the Air Force Reserve. Spent the balance of his career with the Bell System.

Francis and Robert talk about one of the biggest events in modern industrial history, the break up of the bell system.

People using technology to help keep down costs and improve service, keeping your phone system the best in the world.

I’ll make two predictions: First, the long-awaited Department of Justice antitrust lawsuit against Google will be big. Even bigger than the break-up of Standard Oil and The Bell System. Second: The government will win.

I’ll make two predictions: First, the long-awaited Department of Justice antitrust lawsuit against Google will be big. Even bigger than the break-up of Standard Oil and The Bell System. Second: The government will win.

Barry James Dyke – Guaranteed Income — For Wall Street!How the “Pirates of Manhattan” Steal From the Middle Class and Give to the RichAired Tuesday, September 22, 2020 at 2:00 PM PST / 5:00 PM EST Interview with Author and Financial Advisor Barry James Dyke “Who needs conspiracy theories when you have con’s piracy facts?”— Swami BeyondanandaWith the COVID lockdown and many businesses closed, there has been more talk this year about guaranteed income – a way to counteract trickle down economics with “bubble up”, payments from the bottom that bubble up and prosper everyone on the way up.Unfortunately, the only “guaranteed income” we have right now is going to Wall Street, not Main Street. For decades, conscientious folks looking to secure a reasonably prosperous retirement have followed the dictates of Wall Street and financial advisors who have steered them to funds that have enriched already high paid executives, and impoverished middle class Americans.This week on Wiki Politiki, we will go deeper into that story … and, more importantly show you ways that YOU can guarantee your retirement income. Our guest this week, Barry Dyke, is a financial advisor and author, whose three books shed light – and enlightenment – on the endarkened spaces of retirement investing.Barry James Dyke is a best-selling author, advisor and speaker committed to telling the truth out about how Wall Street really works. Barry believes that today’s financial service and retirement planning systems continue to serve Wall Street, the government, the media, Ivy League academia and giant asset managers such as mutual funds more than the common man. Barry with his advisory firm, Castle Asset Management, LLC has made a spiritual, intellectual and professional commitment to act as an economic warrior that looks out for your best interests—not Wall Street.He is the author of “The Pirates of Manhattan”, and the sequel “The Pirates of Manhattan II: Highway to Serfdom” (or as the Swami would say, “Serf city here we come!”) and his latest book, “Guaranteed Income: A Risk-Free Guide to Retirement”, a book that unveils and documents how The Federal Reserve System, major banks and corporations such as General Motors, Verizon, AT&T, Bank of America, Boeing, Coca Cola, Bell System, TRW, Pfizer, Motorola, use life-insurance and annuity products to finance their corporate and executive retirement programs while most Americans remain-at-risk in their 401(k) programs funded with highly speculative actively-traded mutual funds.If you’re ready to shift wealth from Wall Street to Main Street, please join us this Tuesday, September 22nd, 2-3 pm PT / 5-6 pm ET.To find out more about Barry Dyke’s work, please go here: https://www.barryjamesdyke.com/Support Wiki Politiki — A Clear Voice In the “Bewilderness”If you LOVE what you hear, and appreciate the mission of Wiki Politiki, “put your money where your mouse is” … Join the “upwising” — join the conversation, and become a Wiki Politiki supporter: http://wikipolitiki.com/join-the-upwising/Make a contribution in any amount via PayPal (https://tinyurl.com/y8fe9dks) Go ahead, PATRONIZE me! Support Wiki Politiki monthly through Patreon!Visit the Wiki Politiki Show page https://omtimes.com/iom/shows/wiki-politiki-radio-show/Connect with Steve Bhaerman at https://wakeuplaughing.com/#BarryJamesDyke #GuaranteedIncome #SteveBhaerman #WikiPolitiki

스탠다드아웃 93번째 로그에서는 MS 실적 발표와 반독점 청문회, 버블 500, 표준 꺼져?, 요즘 사용하는 앱에 대해서 이야기를 나눴습니다. 참가자: @nacyo_t, @raccoony, @ecleya 정기 후원 - stdout.fm are creating 프로그래머들의 팟캐스트 | Patreon 녹음일 7월 30일, 공개일 8월 23일 쇼노트 stdout.fm are creating 클라우드, 소프트웨어 개발, 전자 제품에 대해 이야기하는 프로그래머들의 팟캐스트 | Patreon 스탠다드아웃 | 오디오 천국 팟빵 신과함깨 코로나19 이후 폭발! 20조 중고거래시장, 당근마켓의 심상치 않는 독주 - 빅사이즈#7 Git 2.28 릴리즈 Highlights from Git 2.28 - The GitHub Blog svn - What is trunk, branch and tag in Subversion? - Stack Overflow MS 실적 발표와 반독점 청문회 코로나 사태에도 마이크로소프트 2분기 매출 13% 증가 - Chosunbiz 애플·아마존·페이스북 美 빅테크, 2분기 깜짝실적… 아이폰 신작 출시 10월로 연기 - Chosunbiz 아마존·애플·구글·페이스북 CEO, 反독점 청문회 증언 ‘주목’ Microsoft Corp. v. United States - Wikipedia Bill Gates - Deposition Part 1 of 12 - YouTube Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 - Wikipedia Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey v. United States - Wikipedia Slack has filed an antitrust complaint over Microsoft Teams in the EU | TechCrunch Breakup of the Bell System - Wikipedia 버블500 Breakup of the Bell System - Wikipedia Price–sales ratio - Wikipedia Nikola Corp Nikola Tesla - Wikipedia 이정훈의 마켓워치 매출 제로 니콜라 기적 만든 스팩(SPAC) IT 붐과 신입 교육 Coding bootcamp - Wikipedia welcome home : vim online GNU Emacs - GNU Project 여러분의 CS 교육에서 누락된 학기 · the missing semester of your cs education Design Patterns - Wikipedia 스탠다드아웃 제목 - 표준 꺼져? 스테인리스강 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전 Standard streams - Wikipedia Stack Overflow - Where Developers Learn, Share, & Build Careers 유한책임회사 설립·운영 > 유한책임회사의 운영 > 업무집행 및 대표권 > 업무집행자 (본문) | 찾기쉬운 생활법령정보 요즘 사용하는 앱 이야기 Manage Your Team’s Work, Projects, & Tasks Online · Asana To Do List App | monday.com Jira Pricing - Monthly and Annual Subscription Cost per User wkpark/moniwiki: MoniWiki Graphviz - Graph Visualization Software Private Markdown Notes for iPhone, iPad and Mac | Bear App Alpha Page | Bear’s Editor Future Evolutions | Bear App Deckset for Mac: Presentations from Markdown in No Time (‎Insight Timer - Meditation App on the App Store

Hi, Zengineers! I’m sure you’ve heard of Amazon, right? What about Facebook? Do you use it? Google? Apple? Ma Bell? Carnegie? Vanderbilt? Woot woot!! Ok… enough listing. What’s the topic, you ask? Yeah … we’re going for it, and taking on the roll of the United States Congress and breaking up the tech companies. Why, you might ask, are we doing this? Well, because we can, without any vote or any intervention … break up the tech companies with our words and ideas. Can you dig it? Yes, that’s correct. We’re just talking about it. We don’t actually have any power to do anything about this. We can and we do, however, share a great conversation around what’s happened in the past, what’s happening now, how it’s the same, how it’s different, and how things could be in the future. This is a fun one that touches on history, economics, politics, myriad philosophies, and definitely a lot of crazy future tech. Ultimately, we discover that what’s happening now is drastically different than what’s happened in the past because of the new ways technology is allowing information to be shared (which, surprise, has always been the problem, so it’s always something new). As always, we hope you enjoy this episode, and don’t forget that our government, its leaders, and at its core, your vote, help to determine a lot of what happens in the future. It’s a wild time with a lot of wild options at our finger tips. Support the show: http://support.zengineeringpodcast.com Visit our website for more episodes: https://zengineeringpodcast.com Cheers, Adam & Brian Show Notes Monopolies vs. Monopsonies: https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/032415/whats-difference-between-monopoly-and-monopsony.asp#:~:text=Both%20a%20monopoly%20and%20a%20monopsony%20refer%20to%20a%20single,demand%20for%20goods%20and%20services The Antitrust Laws: https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/competition-guidance/guide-antitrust-laws/antitrust-laws Elizabeth Warren on breaking up the tech companies: https://medium.com/@teamwarren/heres-how-we-can-break-up-big-tech-9ad9e0da324c Breaking up the Bell System on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakup_of_the_Bell_System --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/zengineering-podcast/support

Clarifying our 'why' and focusing on it is the key to success in whatever we do. Nothing seems difficult as it looks after the essence has been clarified. If we are going to find fulfillment and get the best out of what God has committed to us, it is essential to know who we are and what our ministry or business is all about. I once read about the first telephone company in the United States called Bell Telephone and how the organization fired one of the staff, Theodore Vail in 1890 when he dared to ask top management, "What is our business?" It was after a decade when the consequences of the lack of an answer had become apparent that Bell System recalled Theodore Vail. At this point, they had drifted into into a severe crisis that the government threatened to take over. This happened because they refused to face the reality of clarifying the essence of their business. But when Theodore Vail was called back, he gave them an answer they proudly missed a decade earlier. He told them: "Our business is service, not telephones." It was recorded that Vail's response to help Bell System clarify their essence eventually brought radical innovations in their Telephone's business policy. It was infused into every employee training, advertising and other public relations engagement what they represent. That shift revolutionized their business as they knew who they were and what their business was all about. It is not telephone, our business is service. I think this generation need the likes of Theodore Vail in the Church, Organizations, Politics and Government. We need Purpose Reminders like Theodore who will boldly confront us with the same matter, "What is our business?" Do you see the need to ensure such clarity in your life, family, business or ministry? Perhaps you have done this, but do you ensure everything about you and your organization revolves around the essence? Looking into the life and leadership of Jesus, this clarity made Him to stand out and to accomplish His mission gloriously. Jesus knew why He came (Matthew 1:21). He understood the essence of His mission in a discoverable, describable and deliverable manner. Jesus never drifted into non-essentials. Temptations to always drift into non-essentials abound, when we don't fight to clarify and constantly focus on the essence of what and why of our lives and leadership. It is essential to know who you are and the clear purpose you stand for! Prayer Burden Father, Please give us a more accurate understanding of who we are and help us not to drift from this!

This week we wrap up our series on The Lost Attractions of Disneyland. Learn more about Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln, The Disney Gallery and The Dream Suite. Plus everything coming to Disney + in June, new merchandise celebrating the halfway to Halloween mark and some leadership changes throughout the Disney company. Links:Subscribe to our events calendar (it’s free)!Follow Sean, Tabitha and the Magic on Main Street Podcast on Instagram!If you have any comments, questions or any stories you may want to share with our audience, email us at friends@magiconmainstreetpodcast.com.Become a patron on our all new Patreon! For as little as $2 a month, you’ll get early access and you’ll never have to listen to ads!Topic 1 - This Week in Disneyland history1960Pollyanna D23special watch party preluded by a virtual conversation with Pollyanna herself, Disney Legend Hayley Mills!Premiering at 4 p.m. PST / 7 p.m. EST “A Delightful Chat with Hayley Mills”Watch Party at 5 p.m. PST / 8 p.m. EST2005:Voice actor, singer and Disney Legend Thurl Ravenscroft passes away at age 91 in Fullerton, California. Best known as the voice of Kellogg's Tony the Tiger, Ravenscroft's numerous Disney credits include 101 Dalmatians, Alice in Wonderland, The Aristocats, and Cinderella. He can also be heard in such Disney theme park attractions as Pirates of the Caribbean, The Haunted Mansion, and Country Bear Jamboree. Ravenscroft was also a member of The Mellomen, a singing group who worked for Walt Disney in films, on television, and on records.2008:The Indiana Jones Summer of Hidden Mysteries begins in Disneyland’s Adventureland, the same day Steven Spielberg's Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull opens in theaters.1997:The Disneyland parade Light Magic debuts.1968:In recognition of his distinguished public service and outstanding contributions to the United States and to the world, U.S. President Johnson presents a Congressional Gold Medal to the widow of the late Walt Disney.2019:The original Disney princess castle, Sleeping Beauty’s pink and blue palace at Disneyland in Anaheim, California, unveils a new look on this day. The castle has been blocked off from visitors since January, as groups of maintenance crews have been giving it a spruce. The castle now features brighter, more vibrant pink walls and blue rooftops, plus some sparkling gold shingles that look like "pixie dust." The crews also added some artistic tricks to make the castle seem bigger. A painting technique was used that involves painting the lower parts of the 70-foot tall castle walls in darker and warmer hues of pink paint, gradually getting lighter and cooler as it goes up to the top in order to blend in with the atmosphere. This tricks the eye into thinking the object in front of them is larger or taller than it is.1983:Pinocchio's Daring Journey officially opens to the general public as part of Disneyland's New Fantasyland.1999:The final 3 episodes of the long-running ABC-TV sitcom Home Improvement airs back-to-back.2007:Over at Disneyland, Pirate's Lair on Tom Sawyer Island officially opens.2013:Disney's 24-hour "All-Nighter" held at Disneyland, California Adventure and Disney World's Magic Kingdom2011: Disneyland guests get an unannounced preview of "Mickey’s Soundsational Parade," a new nine-float affair featuring Mickey Mouse and such favorite characters as Peter Pan, Aladdin and Ariel.Topic 2 - News ClosuresThe U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds soared over the Disneyland Resort on Friday. The #AmericaStrong flyover served as a salute to frontline COVID-19 responders in California.Former Walt Disney World President Josh D’Amaro has been named Chairman of Disney Parks, Experiences and Products. Rebecca Campbell has been named Chairman, Direct-to-Consumer and International. Kevin Mayer, the former DTC Chairman is now the CEO of TikTok.Topic 3 - MerchDisney has shared a new collection “materializing soon” that is inspired by The Haunted Mansion! The collection will include velvet Minnie Ears, The Haunted Mansion Wallpaper Spirit Jersey for Disneyland & Walt Disney World. A mini wallet/card case a “ghost host” ballcap and last but not least a Haunted Mansion “Ghost Host” Cast Member Costume Loungefly Backpack and a Doom Buggy Wristlet. There is no release date yet so keep your eye out!In addition to the haunted mansion apparel and accessories, funko is also releasing a set of mansion pops that will be available on shopdisney. The set will include the organist, the old woman stretching portrait and the dynamite barrel stretching portrait. Release date TBD.If you can’t wait for the haunted mansion releases and have the shopping itch that needs to be scratched right away, an Americana Collection is now available on shopDisney consisting of patriotic 4th of july inspired ears, apparel, mini backpack, pin and mickey and minnie plushes.A board game based on the iconic Disney Parks attraction, the Jungle Cruise Adventure Game, is now available for pre-order on Amazon.com. The game will be available June 1st. Description: “”Welcome to the world-famous Jungle Cruise! You’ve been hired to transport a boatload of cargo and passengers down the river to Jungle Navigation Company Headquarters. There, company president Alberta Falls will appoint one family of passengers as temporary caretakers—and your new bosses—while she goes on a much-needed sabbatical. Be prepared to lose passengers and cargo to dangers hidden in the jungle, but don’t worry—you’ll find more along the way! Find clues along the river to see which family Alberta has chosen. Transport the most valuable boatload of cargo and passengers to Headquarters to win!”*MORE FREE MERCH* Disney has released ever MORE new wallpapers to celebrate it being halfway to halloween! Go check them out and get them downloaded to feel spooky all year long!Loungefly is releasing yet another cute mini backpack, this time in the shape of Wall-E! THe backpack also has a matching wall-e and eve wristlet wallet. No release day yet so keep checking the loungefly insta and website! Topic 4 - Hidden MickeyTopic 5 - FoodThe Grey Stuff!Kiki - Apple Pie ChurrosTopic 6 - Events/EntertainmentDisney Bounding at Home“Muppets Now” will be featured on Disney+ coming July 31st.“Phineas and Ferb The Movie: Candace Against The Universe” will be coming to Disney+ this Summer. You can watch a sneak peak on Disney +’s Twitter#VoicesFromHome: Happy Birthday from the Dapper DansDapper Dans Harmonize to ‘Grim Grinning Ghosts’Artemis Fowl June 21 - Trailera fantastical, spellbinding adventure that follows the journey of 12-year-old genius Artemis Fowl, a descendant of a long line of criminal masterminds, as he seeks to find his father who has mysteriously disappeared.Read it before you watch it!Sleeping at Last - It’s a Small WorldRyan O’Neal described that it’s not just an “idealistic” song, but one that’s grounded in our own human reality. “It’s a world of hope, and a world of fears…, he said recounting the lyrics in that first verse. “But there’s so much that we share that it’s time we’re aware… it’s a small world after all; how can you not feel that and not be moved?”“It’s not often that we take note of the things that unite us, good and bad,” he continued. “But I think this song perfectly captures that as a collective response that our human connections are valuable and needed.”He said, “I knew it was written to be played slower at first, but had never heard it as such before. My sound naturally makes things sader anyway, but I also knew that I couldn’t make this overtly sad, too! It’s needed to strike that ‘hopes and fears’ balance.”Over 1,000 voices are included in the final track, which he also credited in an Instagram post. And just like the attraction the song plays through, the voices span around the globe including the USA, Canada, The Philippines, Germany, Brazil, United Kingdom, Mexico, and more.Go lsitenEverything coming to Disney+ in JuneMovies Artemis Fowl (6/12)Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Lightning Thief (6/26)Tarzan (6/26)Tarzan II (6/26)Tinker Bell and the Pirate Fairy (6/19)Walt & El Grupo (6/12)TV 101 Dalmatians: Season 1 (6/19)Alaska’s Grizzly Gauntlet: Season 1 (6/5)America’s Greatest Animals (6/5)Big Sur: Wild California (6/19)Chasing the Equinox (6/5)Howie Mandel’s Animals Doing Things: Seasons 1-2 (6/5)Into the Unknown: Making Frozen 2 (6/26)Man in Space (6/26)Mars and Beyond (6/26)Mighty Med: Seasons 1-2 (6/12)Muppet Babies Play Date: Season 1 (6/19)Raven's Home: Season 3 (6/26)Schoolhouse Rock: Season 1 (6/19)Secrets of Wild India: Season 1 (6/5)The Greeks: Season 1 (6/5)The Liberty Story (6/12)The Story of the Animated Drawing (6/12)Weird but True!: Seasons 1-2 (6/5)Wild Hawaii: Season 1 (6/5)Women of Impact: Changing the World (6/5)MAIN - The Lost Attractions of Disneyland part 3Disneyland Branch of Bank of America (1955–1993): A Bank of America with three ATMs to useBank of Main Street U.S.A. (1993–2005)Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln (1965–1973): Theater presentation featuring an Audio-Animatronic Abraham Lincoln, and a replica of a similar attraction at the 1964 New York World's Fair. Elements of the original show were incorporated into later versions of the attraction from 1975–2004 and from 2009–present.The Walt Disney Story (1973–1975): Biographical film about Walt Disney, which originally appeared at Walt Disney World in 1972.The Walt Disney Story featuring Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln (1975–2004: A combination of the two previous shows. Disneyland had been criticized for replacing the Lincoln tribute with a tribute to Walt Disney, and combined elements of the two shows in response. From 2001–2004 the Disney tribute was removed, and the entire show was given more of a focus on the American Civil War.Merlin's Magic Shop (1955–1983): The original magic shop in the park. A second one on Main Street, U.S.A. opened in 1957 and continues to this day. Mickey Mouse Club Theater (1955–1964): Walk-in theater continuously showing animated Disney films and shorts, similar to the Main Street Cinema. Renamed Fantasyland Theater (1964–1982; not to be confused with the present-day theater). Now the site of Pinocchio's Daring Journey.Circarama, U.S.A. (1955–1997), renamed Circle-Vision 360° in 1967: A film presentation showing scenes from around the United States and later China. Guests stood in a large circular room and watched a film projected on nine large, contiguous screens that surrounded them. During its run, the attraction was hosted by American Motors, Bell System, AT&T Corporation, Pacific Southwest Airlines, and Delta Air Lines. Shows were:A Tour of the West (1955–1959)America the Beautiful (1960–1984)"All Because Man Wanted to Fly" (lobby pre-show) (1984–1989)American Journeys (1984–1996)Wonders of China (1984–1996)America the Beautiful (1996–1997)In 1998, the theater became the queue for the short-lived Rocket Rods attraction. The building now houses Buzz Lightyear Astro Blasters.Skyway to Tomorrowland (1956–1994): This ride, a typical aerial lift ride seen in many parks, traveled from a chalet on the west side of Fantasyland, through the Matterhorn, to a station in Tomorrowland. Cabins hung from cables and ran constantly back and forth between the two lands. The Fantasyland station stood until 2016 – closed to public access – adjacent to the Casey Jr. Circus Train, and was concealed by trees. It was demolished for Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge construction. Its support towers were removed and the holes in the Matterhorn through which the ride passed were filled in.Rainbow Caverns Mine Train (1956–1959): A 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge mine train attraction through the new Living Desert. After the scenery was again redone in 1960, it was also upgraded and became:Mine Train Through Nature's Wonderland (1960–1977): The Big Thunder Mountain Railroad attraction replaced this sedate train ride with a roller coaster version. The only element that remained in place from its scenic vistas was the mighty waterfall tumbling from Cascade Peak into the Rivers of America, visible only from various boat rides around the Rivers. The structure that formed Cascade Peak and its waterfalls was demolished in 1998 after it was found to be suffering structurally from the decades of water that had flowed over it. One of the four locomotives and two cars from the ride remained on a stretch of track where Cascade peak once stood, as a staged wreck scene. The train, however, was removed in early 2010 during the Rivers of America refurbishment. The cacti that were a part of the Living Desert section were mostly relocated to the Magic Kingdom version of Big Thunder Mountain Railroad. Other remnants from Nature's Wonderland include the tunnel from Bear Country, the buttes from the Living Desert, the tunnel into Rainbow Caverns (though half-buried in concrete), and the jumping fish seen in Bear Country, all visible on Big Thunder Trail. The animals, however, were buried in concrete as the Imagineers didn't know where to place them.The Disney Gallery (1987–2007): A gallery of Disney-related art. The Disney Gallery was the only area listed on Disneyland maps as both an attraction and a retail location. The Gallery sometimes featured preliminary artwork and sketches from certain attractions or movies, sometimes (as in the 100 Mickeys exhibit) the displayed art was associated only with Disney and not with any specific attraction, film, or event. Often, prints from the exhibit were available for purchase via the print-on-demand system, and the Gallery always featured items such as books about Disney artwork. The Gallery used to sell prints of the ride posters featured in the tunnels leading to and from Main Street. The former gallery was replaced by the Disneyland Dream Suite. In October 2009 the gallery re-opened, but now it resides on Main Street, U.S.A..In the early 1960s as construction of New Orleans Square was proceeding, Walt Disney decided he needed a bigger entertaining facility for various VIPs that came to the park. He already had an apartment above the Fire Station on Main Street, U.S.A., but it was too small to host elaborate events. Walt decided to place the suite in New Orleans Square, set back from the hustle and bustle of the park.Disney brought in set designer Dorothea Redmond, famous for creating the sets in Gone with the Wind, to help him with the apartment layout. To furnish and decorate the area, he left his wife Lilly and Walt Disney Studio set decorator Emile Kuri to collaborate as they had on other projects (Club 33, the Firehouse Apartment, etc.). The project was christened The Royal Suite, inspired by its location off New Orleans Square's Royal Street.After Walt Disney died on December 15, 1966, many projects at Walt Disney Productions were put on hold or abandoned. At the request of his brother Roy, who felt the family would not enjoy The Royal Suite with Walt gone, the project was quietly set aside. It was fairly close to completion at the time of Disney's death, including infrastructure and plumbing.From July 11, 1987, to August 7, 2007, the space housed the Disney Gallery.On October 1, 2007 the Walt Disney Company announced that the recently closed Disney Gallery would be remodeled and turned into the Disneyland Dream Suite. The remodeled suite would be the realization of Walt's dream to have a larger private apartment built at Disneyland, and would be made available to randomly selected guests of the park. The space underwent a whirlwind remodeling, with Disney Imagineers closely following the original design drawings from Dorothea Redmond. Located above the Pirates of the Caribbean ride, the Disneyland Dream Suite included a living room, open-air patio, two bedrooms and two bathrooms.“Our plan has been to use the renderings that Walt worked on with Dorothea Redmond and to replicate those as exactly as we can,” said Walt Disney Imagineering Art Director Kim Irvine. “Her illustrations were very specific, with a color and style for each room.“But to make it special for the guests, we want it to be more than just a beautiful suite. We want it to be filled with things that might have inspired Walt as he dreamed of Disneyland."One of the most distinctive characteristics of the Dream Suite was the private balcony, which overlooked the Rivers of America. From here guests had an unobstructed view of the nighttime spectacular Fantasmic! In addition to that night’s lodging in the Disneyland Dream Suite, each selected 2008 Disney Dreams Giveaway winner of the Disneyland Dream Suite would also be celebrated as the honorary grand marshal in that day’s Disneyland parade.The Suite was given out as a prize through various promotions.The original concept for Holidayland was that of a turn-of-the-century town park, with picnic areas, horseshoe pits, a baseball diamond, and perhaps an open field where a circus could come to perform. This original version would be located where the Matterhorn sits today. As Disneyland came together in 1954, it became apparent that there wasn't enough space within the park for Holidayland to become a reality, and the land (now sometimes called "Recreationland") became a picnic and recreation area, with minor seasonal holiday decorations.In November 1955, the Mickey Mouse Club Circus came to Disneyland, in the Fantasyland section of the park. This event only lasted until January 1956, and was themed to the celebration of Christmas, with promotional material referring to the circus as "Holidayland," including a November 25, 1955 Los Angeles Times article declaring "Holidayland was a roaring success. The kids consumed great amounts of popcorn, and Walt Disney enjoyed himself as much as anybody. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

“Facebook announced Thursday that it will start warning users if they have liked, reacted or commented on harmful Covid-19 posts that the company has found to be misinformation and removed."Two things are quite apparent in this move. One, Facebook doesn’t believe the general public is smart enough (or worthy of the freedom) to research its own information. And two, they are invested in a single point of view narrative with no intention of allowing opposing viewpoints.Please subscribe to our podcast at iHeart Radio, Pandora, Spotify, TuneIn, Apple Podcasts, Google Play, and on podcast platforms like Castbox, Podcast Addict, Stitcher, SoundCloud, Spreaker, and anywhere podcasts are heard.TRANSCRIPT:“Facebook announced Thursday that it will start warning users if they have liked, reacted or commented on harmful Covid-19 posts that the company has found to be misinformation and removed. The feature will roll out in the coming weeks...“‘These messages will connect people to COVID-19 myths debunked by the World Health Organization including ones we’ve removed from our platform for leading to imminent physical harm,’ Guy Rosen, Facebook’s vice president of integrity, said in a blog post.”– CNBC, April 26, 2020Two things are quite apparent in this move. One, Facebook doesn’t believe the general public is smart enough (or worthy of the freedom) to research its own information. And two, they are invested in a single point of view narrative with no intention of allowing opposing viewpoints.It is beyond arrogant to believe it okay to mandate what is acceptable information to consume. It is also reprehensible to bully people into acquiescing to your point of view. Facebook is doing both with its rollout of “warnings” about what people like. They are censoring – and, in fact, facilitating the expungement – of information that will allow people the opportunity to decide for themselves, and now they are attempting to intimidate those who don’t agree with their preferred narrative.This is – and I mean this literally – the institution of Orwell’s “Newspeak”:“Newspeak is the language of Oceania, a totalitarian superstate that is the setting of George Orwell's dystopian 1949 novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. To meet the ideological requirements of English Socialism (INGSOC) in Oceania, the ruling Party created Newspeak,[1] a controlled language of simplified grammar and restricted vocabulary, meant to limit the freedom of thought – personal identity, self-expression, free will – that threatens the ideology of the régime of Big Brother and the Party, who have criminalized such concepts into thought crime, as contradictions of INGSOC orthodoxy.”Is this not exactly what Facebook is doing? They are deciding – for you – what is harmful and what is not; what is truth and what is not; what is acceptable and what is not. They are dictating what the truth is, even as relevant questions abound on the issue of COVID-19 and how the government has handled the event. This is the very antithesis of freedom, by definition.Facebook will hide behind their stance that because they are a privately owned company they have the right to execute censorship on such a grotesque level. But because their product has an extraordinary effect on shaping our cultural narratives, I suggest they are bound by laws that safeguard our First Amendment rights to freedom of speech, freedom to redress government, and freedom of assembly, titrated to the 21 Century modes of communication.To that extent, it is without a doubt – and would be extremely hard to argue otherwise (although I am not about to be as hypocritical as Facebook as to say only my opinion counts) – that Facebook is:• Infringing on every user's constitutional free speech right by way of filtering information to only a preferred narrative (censorship)• Infringing on every user's constitutional right to redress their government by stifling opposing viewpoints to the government-issued narrative (censorship)• And infringing on every user's constitutional right to freely assemble by way of intimidating people into demurring their true thoughts on a subject for fear of being openly ridiculed (read: warned) by the Facebook “community standards” thugs.Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines “monopoly” thusly:“...exclusive ownership through legal privilege, command of supply, or concerted action; exclusive possession or control; a commodity controlled by one party...”In that definition, they use an analogy by Helen M. Lynd that applies, “No country has a monopoly on morality or truth.” This necessarily needs to be true of social media behemoths as well. No all-encompassing social media entity has a monopoly on morality or truth. This is especially applicable to Facebook and Google (the former of which owns Instagram and the latter of which owns YouTube), who both have a disproportionate stranglehold on information on the Internet.It is well past time that the US Department of Justice takes action against Facebook and Google in the form of antitrust lawsuits meant to break their monopoly over information on the Internet. The precedent for this move comes in the break-up of the Bell System in 1982.We, the American people, are at a moment in time – boots on the ground real-time – when Facebook and Google are making a grab at our freedom to acquire information, all under the emotional guise that they are protecting the public interest. They are not protecting the public interest. They are stealing freedom from the people.It is time that we stand up to this tyranny before Newspeak is commonplace, and freedom is redefined.

In 1984, telephones were changed forever when the US Government split up "Ma Bell" into various different phone companies. What exactly was the outcome of that, and what do we have to learn from it? --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/branstechpod/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/branstechpod/support

Book Talk @3:50   Bell System:      Unsquared Trunks      

Topics: 1984 Olympics, Prince, Purple Rain (LP/Film), Cosby Show. (Bonus Artist: hidingtobefound)   1984 Notes General Snapshots 1. President: Ronald Reagan 2. Jan - US Bell System is broken up Bell System divestiture breaks AT&T into 24 independent units. 3. Jan - Wendy's "Fluffy Bun" advertisement is first broadcast, which gains Clara Peller and her "Where's the beef?" catchphrase national fame. 4. Jan - Michael Jackson's hair catches on fire during the filming of a Pepsi commercial. Michael Jackson stars in a Pepsi commercial with a young Alfonso Ribeiro, a.k.a Carlton from “The Fresh Prince.” 5. Feb - Michael Jackson wins a record eight Grammy Awards. [Prince was in the audience] 6. May - Happy Days airs its series finale, "Passages". 7. Jun – Best ever NBA draft: (1) Hakeem Olajuwon, (3) Michael Jordan, (5) Charles Barkley, and (16) John Stockton. [Sam Bowie 2nd pick] 8. Jun - Sally Ride becomes first American woman in space on the Space Shuttle Challenger. 9. Jul - The Motion Picture Association of America institutes the PG-13 rating, as a response to violent horror films such as Gremlins and Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom. [Parental Advisory sticker for albums coming next year because of Darling Nikki by Prince] 10. Jul - ABC begins their coverage of the Summer Olympic Games from Los Angeles. 11. Sep - The first MTV Video Music Awards, featuring Madonna’s iconic breakout moment, the ‘Like a Virgin’ performance. 12. Nov - Sony and Philips introduce the first portable CD player. 13. Nov – Reagan Re-Elected 14. Top 3 Pop Songs 15. #1 - "When Doves Cry", Prince 16. #2 - "What's Love Got to Do with It", Tina Turner 17. #3 - "Say Say Say", Paul McCartney and Michael Jackson 18. Record of the Year: Tina Turner / What's Love Got To Do With It 19. Album of the Year: Lionel Richie / Can't Slow Down 20. Song of the Year: Terry Britten (songwriter) / What's Love Got To Do With 21. Best New Artist: Cyndi Lauper 22. Top 3 Movies 23. #1 - Beverly Hills Cop 24. #2 - Ghostbusters 25. #3 - Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom 26. Other Notable Movies 27. Gremlins / Karate Kid /Footloose / Terminator / Nightmare on Elm Street / Police Academy / The Never-Ending Story / Sixteen Candles / Romancing the Stone / Breakin’ / Beat Street 28. Top 3 TV Shows 29. #1 – Dynasty 30. #2 – Dallas 31. #3 - The Cosby Show 32. Black Snapshots 33. Apr - Marvin Gaye, singer, songwriter, and musician (b. 1939) Motown legend Marvin Gaye was shot to death by his own father after a fight between them. The murder weapon was a gun he had given his father for Christmas. His reputed final words were, "I got what I wanted... I couldn't do it myself, so I made him do it." 34. Jul - Vanessa L. Williams becomes the first Miss America to resign when she surrenders her crown, after nude photos of her appear in Penthouse magazine. 35. Dec - Four African American youths board an express train in The Bronx and attempt to rob Bernhard Goetz. He shoots them. 36. Dec - The first nationally broadcast telethon for the United Negro College fund is held. - "A Mind is a Terrible Thing To Waste" 37. Best R&B Vocal Performance, Female: Chaka Khan / "I Feel for You" 38. Best R&B Vocal Performance, Male: Billy Ocean / "Caribbean Queen" 39. Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group: James Ingram & Michael McDonald for "Yah Mo B There" 40. Best R&B Instrumental Performance: Herbie Hancock / "Sound System" 41. Best Rhythm & Blues Song: Prince, songwriter / "I Feel for You" performed by Chaka Khan 42. Economic Snapshot 43. Avg. Income = $21,600 44. House = $86,700 45. New Car = $8,700 46. Avg. Rent = $350 47. Tuition at Harvard = $9,000 48. Movie Ticket = $2.50 49. Gas = $1.10 50. Stamp = $0.20 51. Social Scene: 1984 Olympics [Jul 28th - Aug 12th] 52. Under the direction of the American entrepreneur Peter Ueberroth, the 1984 Olympics witnessed the ascension of commercialism as an integral element in the staging of the Games. Corporate sponsors, principally U.S.-based multinationals, could put Olympic symbols on their products, which were then marketed as the “official” such product of the Olympics. A spot on the torch relay team sold for $3,000 per km. The Olympics turned a profit ($225 million) for the first time since 1932. Despite concerns about growing corporate involvement ... the financial success and high worldwide television ratings raised optimism about the Olympic movement for the first time in a generation. [Due to the success of the games, Peter Ueberroth was named Time magazine's Man of the Year in 1984.] - https://www.britannica.com/event/Los-Angeles- 53. The Soviets, and 13 other countries, in retaliation for the U.S. boycott of the 1980 Olympic Games in Moscow, boycotted the 1984 Olympics. 54. Highlights: 55. Carl Lewis Ties Jesse Owens: At the 1936 Olympics, Jesse Owens won four gold medals — the 100-meter dash, the 200-meter, the long jump, and the 400-meter relay. Nearly five decades later, Carl Lewis also won four gold medals, in the same events as Jesse. 56. Edwin Moses won the gold medal in the 400m hurdles 8 years after winning in 1976. 57. Mary Lou Retton: The U.S. became enthralled with the short (4' 9"), exuberant Mary Lou Retton in her attempt to win gold in gymnastics, a sport that had long been dominated by the Soviet Union. When Retton received perfect scores in her final two events, she became the first American woman to win an individual gold medal in gymnastics. 58. A marathon for women was held for the first time at the Olympics (won by Joan Benoit of the U.S.) 59. Michael Jordan, Patrick Ewing, and Chris Mullin were on the team that won the gold medal in basketball. 60. The United States topped the medal count for the first time since 1968. 61. Music Scene 62. Black Songs from the Top 40 63. #1 - "When Doves Cry", Prince 64. #2 - "What's Love Got to Do with It", Tina Turner 65. #3 - "Say Say Say", Paul McCartney and Michael Jackson 66. #7 – “Hello", Lionel Richie 67. #9 - "Ghostbusters", Ray Parker Jr. 68. #12 - "All Night Long (All Night)", Lionel Richie 69. #13 - "Let's Hear It for the Boy", Deniece Williams 70. #18 - "Jump (For My Love)", The Pointer Sisters 71. #21 - "Let's Go Crazy", Prince and The Revolution 72. #22 - "Say It Isn't So", Hall & Oates 73. #24 - "Joanna", Kool & The Gang 74. #25 - "I Just Called to Say I Love You", Stevie Wonder 75. #30 - "The Glamorous Life", Sheila E. 76. #32 - "Stuck on You", Lionel Richie 77. Vote: 78. Top R&B Albums 79. Jan - Can't Slow Down, Lionel Richie 80. Mar – Thriller, Michael Jackson 81. Apr - Busy Body, Luther Vandross 82. Apr - She's Strange, Cameo 83. May - Can't Slow Down, Lionel Richie 84. Jul - Jermaine Jackson, Jermaine Jackson 85. Jul – Lady, One Way 86. Jul - Private Dancer, Tina Turner 87. Jul - Purple Rain [Soundtrack], Prince and The Revolution 88. Dec - The Woman in Red [Soundtrack], Stevie Wonder 89. Vote: 90. Featured Artist: Prince Rogers Nelson, a.k.a. Prince, The Purple One. American singer, songwriter, actor, and multi-instrumentalist. (@ 26 yrs. old) 91. Famous for his flamboyance, powerful voice, and eclectic behavior, he boasted of a career that spanned four long decades, a rarity in the music world where success is fickle. With worldwide sales of 100 million records, he is counted amongst the best-selling artists of all time. The son of a pianist and a jazz singer, Prince inherited his musical talents from his parents who encouraged him from a young age to pursue music as a career. Under his parents’ guidance he developed a deep love for music and began creating tunes when he was just seven. He also taught himself how to play the piano, guitar and drums. He became a professional singer and performer as a young man and earned much popularity with his eponymous album ‘Prince.’ His highly sexualized lyrics, creative compositions, and incorporation of elements of funk, dance, and rock music made him stand out from others of his generation. He enjoyed a very successful career that was cut short by his untimely death at the age of 57. 92. Childhood & Early Life: 93. Born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on June 7, 1958 to an African American couple Mattie Della and John Lewis Nelson. His father was a pianist and songwriter and his mother was a jazz singer. He suffered from epileptic seizures as a young child. He became interested in music at a young age and was encouraged by his parents. He taught himself how to play the piano, guitar and drums, and wrote his first tune when he was seven. His parents separated when he was ten, and the next few years were spent repeatedly switching homes, sometimes living with his father and sometimes with his other. He formed his first band, Grand Central (later known as Champagne), when he was 14. 94. Career: 95. Debut album ‘For You’, (1978) / ‘Prince’, (1979) - Hit singles ‘Why You Wanna Treat Me So Bad?’ and ‘I Wanna Be Your Lover’. Went platinum, effectively establishing Prince’s career. / ‘Dirty Mind’ (1980) / ’Controversy’ (1981), and ‘1999’ (1982) 96. 1984, he released ‘Purple Rain’. Sold more than 13 million copies in the US and spent 24 consecutive weeks at No. 1. The same year he appeared in a rock musical drama film of the same name, making his film debut. The film became a cult classic. 97. Following Albums: ‘Parade’ (1986) / ‘Sign o' the Times’ (1987) / ‘Lovesexy’ (1988) / ‘Batman’ (1989) 98. In the 1990s he started performing with a new backing band, the New Power Generation. 99. In 1993 he changed his stage name to, an unpronounceable symbol which was a combination of the symbols for male (♂) and female (♀). 100. ‘Purple Rain’ is consistently ranked among the best albums in music history and is widely regarded as Prince's magnum opus. It has sold over 22 million copies worldwide, becoming the sixth best-selling soundtrack album of all time. His album ‘Sign o' the Times’, which had elements of funk, soul, psychedelic pop, and rock music, and featured tracks like ‘If I Was Your Girlfriend’, ‘Housequake’ and ‘It’ was another one of his mega hits. In 1989, ‘Time Out’ magazine ranked it as the greatest album of all time. 101. In early April 2016 he reported that he was not feeling well and postponed his performances. It was also said that he was being treated for drug overdose. On April 21, 2016, he was found dead in an elevator. He was 57 years old. 102. Open Comments: Do you know what Purple Rain is? 103. TV Scene: 110. Open Comments: 111. Question: Evans or Huxtables? 112. Vote:

How is your sales career going?  What about a guy who started out as an entry-level technician for ten years at AT&T, promoted to account executive, and was the highest producer out of 1,100 salespeople. Then promoted to sales manager and received numerous sales honors and awards. His ability to manage difficult situations gained him distinction within the Bell System, and made him a frequent speaker at AT&T sales schools. ----more---- The April 4thAsher Sales Sense Podcast with host John Asher features guest Chuck Reaves in “Capitalizing on the Science of Selling.”  Chuck is the Founder of Sales Suites and a top-rated corporate speaker. His first book, The Theory of 21, is the result of his years of success in the corporate environment. Chuck has proven his theory about accomplishing the impossible with astounding results by applying it to his life, and to the lives of others. His book, Never Take Money from A Stranger, teaches how to ask for whatever you want and get it. His latest book is The Nanosecond Salesperson; Like the One Minute Salesperson, Only Faster. As a consultant, Chuck has worked with large and small companies to assist them in achieving their impossible goals. He became the president of a 30-million-dollar bakery, made sales calls for a multi-billion dollar corporation, and even served as press secretary for a Congressional candidate. He believes in doing what it takes to accomplish his client's goals. Tune in and hear his Chuckisms, such as Number 6 “IN THE HISTORY OF RECORDED TIME, NO CUSTOMER HAS EVER SAID, ‘YOUR PRICE IS TOO HIGH,’ AND MEANT IT” and Number 12 “THE SINGLE, MOST IMPORTANT FUNCTION OF SALES IS TO TEACH.”

On February 26, 1975, disaster struck in lower Manhattan when the AT&T switching center that served the area was consumed by fire. 104,000 customers and 170,000 telephones were out of service. A restoration of that magnitude should have taken a year, but the Bell System marshaled its resources and service was restored in 22 days--a true Miracle on Second Avenue. This is the story. You can see a documentary of the recovery here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_AWAmGi-g8.

In 1968, the Western Electric Company (the manufacturing and supply unit of the Bell System) produced "Dialogues on Democracy, Vol. 3," a 3-LP set covering the Supreme Court of the United States. Disc 3 was titled "The Supreme Court of the United States: A Dialogue with Paul A. Freund, Professor of Law at Harvard University and scholar of the Court. Among other things, Freund discusses the concept of judicial review, the evolution of constitutional doctrine, the counter-majoritarian nature of judicial review, judicial restraint, and the rule of law. The album was produced by Richard Heffner Productions, Inc. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In 1968, the Western Electric Company (the manufacturing and supply unit of the Bell System) produced "Dialogues on Democracy, Vol. 3," a 3-LP set covering the Supreme Court of the United States. Disc 2 was titled "The Supreme Court at Work." It describes the "functions, procedures and traditions" of the Court. It features commentary from former Justice Tom Clark, Anthony Lewis, Professor John Frank (Indiana & Yale), and Osmond Fraenkel. The commentators describe the expectations of the Supreme Court and the norms of the Supreme Court bar in great detail. The album was produced by Richard Heffner Productions, Inc. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In 1968, the Western Electric Company (the manufacturing and supply unit of the Bell System) produced "Dialogues on Democracy, Vol. 3," a 3-LP set covering the Supreme Court of the United States. Disc 1 was titled "The Supreme Court in American Life." It "recreates the early history of the Court and traces the evolution of its impact as an integral part of American Democracy." Among other things, it includes the voices of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Alan Westin (Columbia law professor), and Robert B. McKay (NYU Law dean). The album was produced by Richard Heffner Productions, Inc. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

The strange birth and long life of Unix, FreeBSD jail with a single public IP, EuroBSDcon 2018 talks and schedule, OpenBSD on G4 iBook, PAM template user, ZFS file server, and reflections on one year of OpenBSD use. Picking the contest winner Vincent Bostjan Andrew Klaus-Hendrik Will Toby Johnny David manfrom Niclas Gary Eddy Bruce Lizz Jim Random number generator ##Headlines ###The Strange Birth and Long Life of Unix They say that when one door closes on you, another opens. People generally offer this bit of wisdom just to lend some solace after a misfortune. But sometimes it’s actually true. It certainly was for Ken Thompson and the late Dennis Ritchie, two of the greats of 20th-century information technology, when they created the Unix operating system, now considered one of the most inspiring and influential pieces of software ever written. A door had slammed shut for Thompson and Ritchie in March of 1969, when their employer, the American Telephone & Telegraph Co., withdrew from a collaborative project with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and General Electric to create an interactive time-sharing system called Multics, which stood for “Multiplexed Information and Computing Service.” Time-sharing, a technique that lets multiple people use a single computer simultaneously, had been invented only a decade earlier. Multics was to combine time-sharing with other technological advances of the era, allowing users to phone a computer from remote terminals and then read e-mail, edit documents, run calculations, and so forth. It was to be a great leap forward from the way computers were mostly being used, with people tediously preparing and submitting batch jobs on punch cards to be run one by one. Over five years, AT&T invested millions in the Multics project, purchasing a GE-645 mainframe computer and dedicating to the effort many of the top researchers at the company’s renowned Bell Telephone Laboratories—­including Thompson and Ritchie, Joseph F. Ossanna, Stuart Feldman, M. Douglas McIlroy, and the late Robert Morris. But the new system was too ambitious, and it fell troublingly behind schedule. In the end, AT&T’s corporate leaders decided to pull the plug. After AT&T’s departure from the Multics project, managers at Bell Labs, in Murray Hill, N.J., became reluctant to allow any further work on computer operating systems, leaving some researchers there very frustrated. Although Multics hadn’t met many of its objectives, it had, as Ritchie later recalled, provided them with a “convenient interactive computing service, a good environment in which to do programming, [and] a system around which a fellowship could form.” Suddenly, it was gone. With heavy hearts, the researchers returned to using their old batch system. At such an inauspicious moment, with management dead set against the idea, it surely would have seemed foolhardy to continue designing computer operating systems. But that’s exactly what Thompson, Ritchie, and many of their Bell Labs colleagues did. Now, some 40 years later, we should be thankful that these programmers ignored their bosses and continued their labor of love, which gave the world Unix, one of the greatest computer operating systems of all time. The rogue project began in earnest when Thompson, Ritchie, and a third Bell Labs colleague, Rudd Canaday, began to sketch out on paper the design for a file system. Thompson then wrote the basics of a new operating system for the lab’s GE-645 mainframe. But with the Multics project ended, so too was the need for the GE-645. Thompson realized that any further programming he did on it was likely to go nowhere, so he dropped the effort. Thompson had passed some of his time after the demise of Multics writing a computer game called Space Travel, which simulated all the major bodies in the solar system along with a spaceship that could fly around them. Written for the GE-645, Space Travel was clunky to play—and expensive: roughly US $75 a game for the CPU time. Hunting around, Thompson came across a dusty PDP-7, a minicomputer built by Digital Equipment Corp. that some of his Bell Labs colleagues had purchased earlier for a circuit-analysis project. Thompson rewrote Space Travel to run on it. And with that little programming exercise, a second door cracked ajar. It was to swing wide open during the summer of 1969 when Thompson’s wife, Bonnie, spent a month visiting his parents to show off their newborn son. Thompson took advantage of his temporary bachelor existence to write a good chunk of what would become the Unix operating system for the discarded PDP‑7. The name Unix stems from a joke one of Thompson’s colleagues made: Because the new operating system supported only one user (Thompson), he saw it as an emasculated version of Multics and dubbed it “Un-multiplexed Information and Computing Service,” or Unics. The name later morphed into Unix. Initially, Thompson used the GE-645 to compose and compile the software, which he then downloaded to the PDP‑7. But he soon weaned himself from the mainframe, and by the end of 1969 he was able to write operating-system code on the PDP-7 itself. That was a step in the right direction. But Thompson and the others helping him knew that the PDP‑7, which was already obsolete, would not be able to sustain their skunkworks for long. They also knew that the lab’s management wasn’t about to allow any more research on operating systems. So Thompson and Ritchie got crea­tive. They formulated a proposal to their bosses to buy one of DEC’s newer minicomputers, a PDP-11, but couched the request in especially palatable terms. They said they were aiming to create tools for editing and formatting text, what you might call a word-processing system today. The fact that they would also have to write an operating system for the new machine to support the editor and text formatter was almost a footnote. Management took the bait, and an order for a PDP-11 was placed in May 1970. The machine itself arrived soon after, although the disk drives for it took more than six months to appear. During the interim, Thompson, Ritchie, and others continued to develop Unix on the PDP-7. After the PDP-11’s disks were installed, the researchers moved their increasingly complex operating system over to the new machine. Next they brought over the roff text formatter written by Ossanna and derived from the runoff program, which had been used in an earlier time-sharing system. Unix was put to its first real-world test within Bell Labs when three typists from AT&T’s patents department began using it to write, edit, and format patent applications. It was a hit. The patent department adopted the system wholeheartedly, which gave the researchers enough credibility to convince management to purchase another machine—a newer and more powerful PDP-11 model—allowing their stealth work on Unix to continue. During its earliest days, Unix evolved constantly, so the idea of issuing named versions or releases seemed inappropriate. But the researchers did issue new editions of the programmer’s manual periodically, and the early Unix systems were named after each such edition. The first edition of the manual was completed in November 1971. So what did the first edition of Unix offer that made it so great? For one thing, the system provided a hierarchical file system, which allowed something we all now take for granted: Files could be placed in directories—or equivalently, folders—that in turn could be put within other directories. Each file could contain no more than 64 kilobytes, and its name could be no more than six characters long. These restrictions seem awkwardly limiting now, but at the time they appeared perfectly adequate. Although Unix was ostensibly created for word processing, the only editor available in 1971 was the line-oriented ed. Today, ed is still the only editor guaranteed to be present on all Unix systems. Apart from the text-processing and general system applications, the first edition of Unix included games such as blackjack, chess, and tic-tac-toe. For the system administrator, there were tools to dump and restore disk images to magnetic tape, to read and write paper tapes, and to create, check, mount, and unmount removable disk packs. Most important, the system offered an interactive environment that by this time allowed time-sharing, so several people could use a single machine at once. Various programming languages were available to them, including BASIC, Fortran, the scripting of Unix commands, assembly language, and B. The last of these, a descendant of a BCPL (Basic Combined Programming Language), ultimately evolved into the immensely popular C language, which Ritchie created while also working on Unix. The first edition of Unix let programmers call 34 different low-level routines built into the operating system. It’s a testament to the system’s enduring nature that nearly all of these system calls are still available—and still heavily used—on modern Unix and Linux systems four decades on. For its time, first-­edition Unix provided a remarkably powerful environment for software development. Yet it contained just 4200 lines of code at its heart and occupied a measly 16 KB of main memory when it ran. Unix’s great influence can be traced in part to its elegant design, simplicity, portability, and serendipitous timing. But perhaps even more important was the devoted user community that soon grew up around it. And that came about only by an accident of its unique history. The story goes like this: For years Unix remained nothing more than a Bell Labs research project, but by 1973 its authors felt the system was mature enough for them to present a paper on its design and implementation at a symposium of the Association for Computing Machinery. That paper was published in 1974 in the Communications of the ACM. Its appearance brought a flurry of requests for copies of the software. This put AT&T in a bind. In 1956, AT&T had agreed to a U.S government consent decree that prevented the company from selling products not directly related to telephones and telecommunications, in return for its legal monopoly status in running the country’s long-distance phone service. So Unix could not be sold as a product. Instead, AT&T released the Unix source code under license to anyone who asked, charging only a nominal fee. The critical wrinkle here was that the consent decree prevented AT&T from supporting Unix. Indeed, for many years Bell Labs researchers proudly displayed their Unix policy at conferences with a slide that read, “No advertising, no support, no bug fixes, payment in advance.” With no other channels of support available to them, early Unix adopters banded together for mutual assistance, forming a loose network of user groups all over the world. They had the source code, which helped. And they didn’t view Unix as a standard software product, because nobody seemed to be looking after it. So these early Unix users themselves set about fixing bugs, writing new tools, and generally improving the system as they saw fit. The Usenix user group acted as a clearinghouse for the exchange of Unix software in the United States. People could send in magnetic tapes with new software or fixes to the system and get back tapes with the software and fixes that Usenix had received from others. In Australia, the University of New South Wales and the University of Sydney produced a more robust version of Unix, the Australian Unix Share Accounting Method, which could cope with larger numbers of concurrent users and offered better performance. By the mid-1970s, the environment of sharing that had sprung up around Unix resembled the open-source movement so prevalent today. Users far and wide were enthusiastically enhancing the system, and many of their improvements were being fed back to Bell Labs for incorporation in future releases. But as Unix became more popular, AT&T’s lawyers began looking harder at what various licensees were doing with their systems. One person who caught their eye was John Lions, a computer scientist then teaching at the University of New South Wales, in Australia. In 1977, he published what was probably the most famous computing book of the time, A Commentary on the Unix Operating System, which contained an annotated listing of the central source code for Unix. Unix’s licensing conditions allowed for the exchange of source code, and initially, Lions’s book was sold to licensees. But by 1979, AT&T’s lawyers had clamped down on the book’s distribution and use in academic classes. The anti­authoritarian Unix community reacted as you might expect, and samizdat copies of the book spread like wildfire. Many of us have nearly unreadable nth-­generation photocopies of the original book. End runs around AT&T’s lawyers indeed became the norm—even at Bell Labs. For example, between the release of the sixth edition of Unix in 1975 and the seventh edition in 1979, Thompson collected dozens of important bug fixes to the system, coming both from within and outside of Bell Labs. He wanted these to filter out to the existing Unix user base, but the company’s lawyers felt that this would constitute a form of support and balked at their release. Nevertheless, those bug fixes soon became widely distributed through unofficial channels. For instance, Lou Katz, the founding president of Usenix, received a phone call one day telling him that if he went down to a certain spot on Mountain Avenue (where Bell Labs was located) at 2 p.m., he would find something of interest. Sure enough, Katz found a magnetic tape with the bug fixes, which were rapidly in the hands of countless users. By the end of the 1970s, Unix, which had started a decade earlier as a reaction against the loss of a comfortable programming environment, was growing like a weed throughout academia and the IT industry. Unix would flower in the early 1980s before reaching the height of its popularity in the early 1990s. For many reasons, Unix has since given way to other commercial and noncommercial systems. But its legacy, that of an elegant, well-designed, comfortable environment for software development, lives on. In recognition of their accomplishment, Thompson and Ritchie were given the Japan Prize earlier this year, adding to a collection of honors that includes the United States’ National Medal of Technology and Innovation and the Association of Computing Machinery’s Turing Award. Many other, often very personal, tributes to Ritchie and his enormous influence on computing were widely shared after his death this past October. Unix is indeed one of the most influential operating systems ever invented. Its direct descendants now number in the hundreds. On one side of the family tree are various versions of Unix proper, which began to be commercialized in the 1980s after the Bell System monopoly was broken up, freeing AT&T from the stipulations of the 1956 consent decree. On the other side are various Unix-like operating systems derived from the version of Unix developed at the University of California, Berkeley, including the one Apple uses today on its computers, OS X. I say “Unix-like” because the developers of the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) Unix on which these systems were based worked hard to remove all the original AT&T code so that their software and its descendants would be freely distributable. The effectiveness of those efforts were, however, called into question when the AT&T subsidiary Unix System Laboratories filed suit against Berkeley Software Design and the Regents of the University of California in 1992 over intellectual property rights to this software. The university in turn filed a counterclaim against AT&T for breaches to the license it provided AT&T for the use of code developed at Berkeley. The ensuing legal quagmire slowed the development of free Unix-like clones, including 386BSD, which was designed for the Intel 386 chip, the CPU then found in many IBM PCs. Had this operating system been available at the time, Linus Torvalds says he probably wouldn’t have created Linux, an open-source Unix-like operating system he developed from scratch for PCs in the early 1990s. Linux has carried the Unix baton forward into the 21st century, powering a wide range of digital gadgets including wireless routers, televisions, desktop PCs, and Android smartphones. It even runs some supercomputers. Although AT&T quickly settled its legal disputes with Berkeley Software Design and the University of California, legal wrangling over intellectual property claims to various parts of Unix and Linux have continued over the years, often involving byzantine corporate relations. By 2004, no fewer than five major lawsuits had been filed. Just this past August, a software company called the TSG Group (formerly known as the SCO Group), lost a bid in court to claim ownership of Unix copyrights that Novell had acquired when it purchased the Unix System Laboratories from AT&T in 1993. As a programmer and Unix historian, I can’t help but find all this legal sparring a bit sad. From the very start, the authors and users of Unix worked as best they could to build and share, even if that meant defying authority. That outpouring of selflessness stands in sharp contrast to the greed that has driven subsequent legal battles over the ownership of Unix. The world of computer hardware and software moves forward startlingly fast. For IT professionals, the rapid pace of change is typically a wonderful thing. But it makes us susceptible to the loss of our own history, including important lessons from the past. To address this issue in a small way, in 1995 I started a mailing list of old-time Unix ­aficionados. That effort morphed into the Unix Heritage Society. Our goal is not only to save the history of Unix but also to collect and curate these old systems and, where possible, bring them back to life. With help from many talented members of this society, I was able to restore much of the old Unix software to working order, including Ritchie’s first C compiler from 1972 and the first Unix system to be written in C, dating from 1973. One holy grail that eluded us for a long time was the first edition of Unix in any form, electronic or otherwise. Then, in 2006, Al Kossow from the Computer History Museum, in Mountain View, Calif., unearthed a printed study of Unix dated 1972, which not only covered the internal workings of Unix but also included a complete assembly listing of the kernel, the main component of this operating system. This was an amazing find—like discovering an old Ford Model T collecting dust in a corner of a barn. But we didn’t just want to admire the chrome work from afar. We wanted to see the thing run again. In 2008, Tim Newsham, an independent programmer in Hawaii, and I assembled a team of like-minded Unix enthusiasts and set out to bring this ancient system back from the dead. The work was technically arduous and often frustrating, but in the end, we had a copy of the first edition of Unix running on an emulated PDP-11/20. We sent out messages announcing our success to all those we thought would be interested. Thompson, always succinct, simply replied, “Amazing.” Indeed, his brainchild was amazing, and I’ve been happy to do what I can to make it, and the story behind it, better known. Digital Ocean http://do.co/bsdnow ###FreeBSD jails with a single public IP address Jails in FreeBSD provide a simple yet flexible way to set up a proper server layout. In the most setups the actual server only acts as the host system for the jails while the applications themselves run within those independent containers. Traditionally every jail has it’s own IP for the user to be able to address the individual services. But if you’re still using IPv4 this might get you in trouble as the most hosters don’t offer more than one single public IP address per server. Create the internal network In this case NAT (“Network Address Translation”) is a good way to expose services in different jails using the same IP address. First, let’s create an internal network (“NAT network”) at 192.168.0.0/24. You could generally use any private IPv4 address space as specified in RFC 1918. Here’s an overview: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privatenetwork. Using pf, FreeBSD’s firewall, we will map requests on different ports of the same public IP address to our individual jails as well as provide network access to the jails themselves. First let’s check which network devices are available. In my case there’s em0 which provides connectivity to the internet and lo0, the local loopback device. options=209b [...] inet 172.31.1.100 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 172.31.1.255 nd6 options=23 media: Ethernet autoselect (1000baseT ) status: active lo0: flags=8049 metric 0 mtu 16384 options=600003 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 inet6 fe80::1%lo0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x2 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000 nd6 options=21``` > For our internal network, we create a cloned loopback device called lo1. Therefore we need to customize the /etc/rc.conf file, adding the following two lines: cloned_interfaces="lo1" ipv4_addrs_lo1="192.168.0.1-9/29" > This defines a /29 network, offering IP addresses for a maximum of 6 jails: ipcalc 192.168.0.1/29 Address: 192.168.0.1 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000 001 Netmask: 255.255.255.248 = 29 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111 000 Wildcard: 0.0.0.7 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000 111 => Network: 192.168.0.0/29 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000 000 HostMin: 192.168.0.1 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000 001 HostMax: 192.168.0.6 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000 110 Broadcast: 192.168.0.7 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000 111 Hosts/Net: 6 Class C, Private Internet > Then we need to restart the network. Please be aware of currently active SSH sessions as they might be dropped during restart. It’s a good moment to ensure you have KVM access to that server ;-) service netif restart > After reconnecting, our newly created loopback device is active: lo1: flags=8049 metric 0 mtu 16384 options=600003 inet 192.168.0.1 netmask 0xfffffff8 inet 192.168.0.2 netmask 0xffffffff inet 192.168.0.3 netmask 0xffffffff inet 192.168.0.4 netmask 0xffffffff inet 192.168.0.5 netmask 0xffffffff inet 192.168.0.6 netmask 0xffffffff inet 192.168.0.7 netmask 0xffffffff inet 192.168.0.8 netmask 0xffffffff inet 192.168.0.9 netmask 0xffffffff nd6 options=29 Setting up > pf part of the FreeBSD base system, so we only have to configure and enable it. By this moment you should already have a clue of which services you want to expose. If this is not the case, just fix that file later on. In my example configuration, I have a jail running a webserver and another jail running a mailserver: Public IP address IP_PUB="1.2.3.4" Packet normalization scrub in all Allow outbound connections from within the jails nat on em0 from lo1:network to any -> (em0) webserver jail at 192.168.0.2 rdr on em0 proto tcp from any to $IP_PUB port 443 -> 192.168.0.2 just an example in case you want to redirect to another port within your jail rdr on em0 proto tcp from any to $IP_PUB port 80 -> 192.168.0.2 port 8080 mailserver jail at 192.168.0.3 rdr on em0 proto tcp from any to $IP_PUB port 25 -> 192.168.0.3 rdr on em0 proto tcp from any to $IP_PUB port 587 -> 192.168.0.3 rdr on em0 proto tcp from any to $IP_PUB port 143 -> 192.168.0.3 rdr on em0 proto tcp from any to $IP_PUB port 993 -> 192.168.0.3 > Now just enable pf like this (which is the equivalent of adding pf_enable=YES to /etc/rc.conf): sysrc pf_enable="YES" > and start it: service pf start Install ezjail > Ezjail is a collection of scripts by erdgeist that allow you to easily manage your jails. pkg install ezjail > As an alternative, you could install ezjail from the ports tree. Now we need to set up the basejail which contains the shared base system for our jails. In fact, every jail that you create get’s will use that basejail to symlink directories related to the base system like /bin and /sbin. This can be accomplished by running ezjail-admin install > In the next step, we’ll copy the /etc/resolv.conf file from our host to the newjail, which is the template for newly created jails (the parts that are not provided by basejail), to ensure that domain resolution will work properly within our jails later on: cp /etc/resolv.conf /usr/jails/newjail/etc/ > Last but not least, we enable ezjail and start it: sysrc ezjail_enable="YES" service ezjail start Create a jail > Creating a jail is as easy as it could probably be: ezjail-admin create webserver 192.168.0.2 ezjail-admin start webserver > Now you can access your jail using: ezjail-admin console webserver > Each jail contains a vanilla FreeBSD installation. Deploy services > Now you can spin up as many jails as you want to set up your services like web, mail or file shares. You should take care not to enable sshd within your jails, because that would cause problems with the service’s IP bindings. But this is not a problem, just SSH to the host and enter your jail using ezjail-admin console. EuroBSDcon 2018 Talks & Schedule (https://2018.eurobsdcon.org/talks-schedule/) News Roundup OpenBSD on an iBook G4 (https://bobstechsite.com/openbsd-on-an-ibook-g4/) > I've mentioned on social media and on the BTS podcast a few times that I wanted to try installing OpenBSD onto an old "snow white" iBook G4 I acquired last summer to see if I could make it a useful machine again in the year 2018. This particular eBay purchase came with a 14" 1024x768 TFT screen, 1.07GHz PowerPC G4 processor, 1.5GB RAM, 100GB of HDD space and an ATI Radeon 9200 graphics card with 32 MB of SDRAM. The optical drive, ethernet port, battery & USB slots are also fully-functional. The only thing that doesn't work is the CMOS battery, but that's not unexpected for a device that was originally released in 2004. Initial experiments > This iBook originally arrived at my door running Apple Mac OSX Leopard and came with the original install disk, the iLife & iWork suites for 2008, various instruction manuals, a working power cable and a spare keyboard. As you'll see in the pictures I took for this post the characters on the buttons have started to wear away from 14 years of intensive use, but the replacement needs a very good clean before I decide to swap it in! > After spending some time exploring the last version of OSX to support the IBM PowerPC processor architecture I tried to see if the hardware was capable of modern computing with Linux. Something I knew ahead of trying this was that the WiFi adapter was unlikely to work because it's a highly proprietary component designed by Apple to work specifically with OSX and nothing else, but I figured I could probably use a wireless USB dongle later to get around this limitation. > Unfortunately I found that no recent versions of mainstream Linux distributions would boot off this machine. Debian has dropped support 32-bit PowerPC architectures and the PowerPC variants of Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (vanilla, MATE and Lubuntu) wouldn't even boot the installer! The only distribution I could reliably install on the hardware was Lubuntu 14.04 LTS. > Unfortunately I'm not the biggest fan of the LXDE desktop for regular work and a lot of ported applications were old and broken because it clearly wasn't being maintained by people that use the hardware anymore. Ubuntu 14.04 is also approaching the end of its support life in early 2019, so this limited solution also has a limited shelf-life. Over to BSD > I discussed this problem with a few people on Mastodon and it was pointed out to me that OSX is built on the Darwin kernel, which happens to be a variant of BSD. NetBSD and OpenBSD fans in particular convinced me that their communities still saw the value of supporting these old pieces of kit and that I should give BSD a try. > So yesterday evening I finally downloaded the "macppc" version of OpenBSD 6.3 with no idea what to expect. I hoped for the best but feared the worst because my last experience with this operating system was trying out PC-BSD in 2008 and discovering with disappointment that it didn't support any of the hardware on my Toshiba laptop. > When I initially booted OpenBSD I was a little surprised to find the login screen provided no visual feedback when I typed in my password, but I can understand the security reasons for doing that. The initial desktop environment that was loaded was very basic. All I could see was a console output window, a terminal and a desktop switcher in the X11 environment the system had loaded. > After a little Googling I found this blog post had some fantastic instructions to follow for the post-installation steps: https://sohcahtoa.org.uk/openbsd.html. I did have to adjust them slightly though because my iBook only has 1.5GB RAM and not every package that page suggests is available on macppc by default. You can see a full list here: https://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/6.3/packages/powerpc/. Final thoughts > I was really impressed with the performance of OpenBSD's "macppc" port. It boots much faster than OSX Leopard on the same hardware and unlike Lubuntu 14.04 it doesn't randomly hang for no reason or crash if you launch something demanding like the GIMP. > I was pleased to see that the command line tools I'm used to using on Linux have been ported across too. OpenBSD also had no issues with me performing basic desktop tasks on XFCE like browsing the web with NetSurf, playing audio files with VLC and editing images with the GIMP. Limited gaming is also theoretically possible if you're willing to build them (or an emulator) from source with SDL support. > If I wanted to use this system for heavy duty work then I'd probably be inclined to run key applications like LibreOffice on a Raspberry Pi and then connect my iBook G4 to those using VNC or an SSH connection with X11 forwarding. BSD is UNIX after all, so using my ancient laptop as a dumb terminal should work reasonably well. > In summary I was impressed with OpenBSD and its ability to breathe new life into this old Apple Mac. I'm genuinely excited about the idea of trying BSD with other devices on my network such as an old Asus Eee PC 900 netbook and at least one of the many Raspberry Pi devices I use. Whether I go the whole hog and replace Fedora on my main production laptop though remains to be seen! The template user with PAM and login(1) (http://oshogbo.vexillium.org/blog/48) > When you build a new service (or an appliance) you need your users to be able to configure it from the command line. To accomplish this you can create system accounts for all registered users in your service and assign them a special login shell which provides such limited functionality. This can be painful if you have a dynamic user database. > Another challenge is authentication via remote services such as RADIUS. How can we implement services when we authenticate through it and log into it as a different user? Furthermore, imagine a scenario when RADIUS decides on which account we have the right to access by sending an additional attribute. > To address these two problems we can use a "template" user. Any of the PAM modules can set the value of the PAM_USER item. The value of this item will be used to determine which account we want to login. Only the "template" user must exist on the local password database, but the credential check can be omitted by the module. > This functionality exists in the login(1) used by FreeBSD, HardenedBSD, DragonFlyBSD and illumos. The functionality doesn't exist in the login(1) used in NetBSD, and OpenBSD doesn't support PAM modules at all. In addition what is also noteworthy is that such functionality was also in the OpenSSH but they decided to remove it and call it a security vulnerability (CVE 2015-6563). I can see how some people may have seen it that way, that’s why I recommend reading this article from an OpenPAM author and a FreeBSD security officer at the time. > Knowing the background let's take a look at an example. ```PAMEXTERN int pamsmauthenticate(pamhandlet *pamh, int flags _unused, int argc _unused, const char *argv[] _unused) { const char *user, *password; int err; err = pam_get_user(pamh, &user, NULL); if (err != PAM_SUCCESS) return (err); err = pam_get_authtok(pamh, PAM_AUTHTOK, &password, NULL); if (err == PAM_CONV_ERR) return (err); if (err != PAM_SUCCESS) return (PAM_AUTH_ERR); err = authenticate(user, password); if (err != PAM_SUCCESS) { return (err); } return (pam_set_item(pamh, PAM_USER, "template")); } In the listing above we have an example of a PAM module. The pamgetuser(3) provides a username. The pamgetauthtok(3) shows us a secret given by the user. Both functions allow us to give an optional prompt which should be shown to the user. The authenticate function is our crafted function which authenticates the user. In our first scenario we wanted to keep all users in an external database. If authentication is successful we then switch to a template user which has a shell set up for a script allowing us to configure the machine. In our second scenario the authenticate function authenticates the user in RADIUS. Another step is to add our PAM module to the /etc/pam.d/system or to the /etc/pam.d/login configuration: auth sufficient pamtemplate.so nowarn allowlocal Unfortunately the description of all these options goes beyond this article - if you would like to know more about it you can find them in the PAM manual. The last thing we need to do is to add our template user to the system which you can do by the adduser(8) command or just simply modifying the /etc/master.passwd file and use pwdmkdb(8) program: $ tail -n /etc/master.passwd template::1000:1000::0:0:User &:/:/usr/local/bin/templatesh $ sudo pwdmkdb /etc/master.passwd As you can see,the template user can be locked and we still can use it in our PAM module (the * character after login). I would like to thank Dag-Erling Smørgrav for pointing this functionality out to me when I was looking for it some time ago. iXsystems iXsystems @ VMWorld ###ZFS file server What is the need? At work, we run a compute cluster that uses an Isilon cluster as primary NAS storage. Excluding snapshots, we have about 200TB of research data, some of them in compressed formats, and others not. We needed an offsite backup file server that would constantly mirror our primary NAS and serve as a quick recovery source in case of a data loss in the the primary NAS. This offsite file server would be passive - will never face the wrath of the primary cluster workload. In addition to the role of a passive backup server, this solution would take on some passive report generation workloads as an ideal way of offloading some work from the primary NAS. The passive work is read-only. The backup server would keep snapshots in a best effort basis dating back to 10 years. However, this data on this backup server would be archived to tapes periodically. A simple guidance of priorities: Data integrity > Cost of solution > Storage capacity > Performance. Why not enterprise NAS? NetApp FAS or EMC Isilon or the like? We decided that enterprise grade NAS like NetAPP FAS or EMC Isilon are prohibitively expensive and an overkill for our needs. An open source & cheaper alternative to enterprise grade filesystem with the level of durability we expect turned up to be ZFS. We’re already spoilt from using snapshots by a clever Copy-on-Write Filesystem(WAFL) by NetApp. ZFS providing snapshots in almost identical way was a big influence in the choice. This is also why we did not consider just a CentOS box with the default XFS filesystem. FreeBSD vs Debian for ZFS This is a backup server, a long-term solution. Stability and reliability are key requirements. ZFS on Linux may be popular at this time, but there is a lot of churn around its development, which means there is a higher probability of bugs like this to occur. We’re not looking for cutting edge features here. Perhaps, Linux would be considered in the future. FreeBSD + ZFS We already utilize FreeBSD and OpenBSD for infrastructure services and we have nothing but praises for the stability that the BSDs have provided us. We’d gladly use FreeBSD and OpenBSD wherever possible. Okay, ZFS, but why not FreeNAS? IMHO, FreeNAS provides a integrated GUI management tool over FreeBSD for a novice user to setup and configure FreeBSD, ZFS, Jails and many other features. But, this user facing abstraction adds an extra layer of complexity to maintain that is just not worth it in simpler use cases like ours. For someone that appreciates the commandline interface, and understands FreeBSD enough to administer it, plain FreeBSD + ZFS is simpler and more robust than FreeNAS. Specifications Lenovo SR630 Rackserver 2 X Intel Xeon silver 4110 CPUs 768 GB of DDR4 ECC 2666 MHz RAM 4 port SAS card configured in passthrough mode(JBOD) Intel network card with 10 Gb SFP+ ports 128GB M.2 SSD for use as boot drive 2 X HGST 4U60 JBOD 120(2 X 60) X 10TB SAS disks ###Reflection on one-year usage of OpenBSD I have used OpenBSD for more than one year, and it is time to give a summary of the experience: (1) What do I get from OpenBSD? a) A good UNIX tutorial. When I am curious about some UNIXcommands’ implementation, I will refer to OpenBSD source code, and I actually gain something every time. E.g., refresh socket programming skills from nc; know how to process file efficiently from cat. b) A better test bed. Although my work focus on developing programs on Linux, I will try to compile and run applications on OpenBSD if it is possible. One reason is OpenBSD usually gives more helpful warnings. E.g., hint like this: ...... warning: sprintf() is often misused, please use snprintf() ...... Or you can refer this post which I wrote before. The other is sometimes program run well on Linux may crash on OpenBSD, and OpenBSD can help you find hidden bugs. c) Some handy tools. E.g. I find tcpbench is useful, so I ported it into Linux for my own usage (project is here). (2) What I give back to OpenBSD? a) Patches. Although most of them are trivial modifications, they are still my contributions. b) Write blog posts to share experience about using OpenBSD. c) Develop programs for OpenBSD/BSD: lscpu and free. d) Porting programs into OpenBSD: E.g., I find google/benchmark is a nifty tool, but lacks OpenBSD support, I submitted PR and it is accepted. So you can use google/benchmark on OpenBSD now. Generally speaking, the time invested on OpenBSD is rewarding. If you are still hesitating, why not give a shot? ##Beastie Bits BSD Users Stockholm Meetup BSDCan 2018 Playlist OPNsense 18.7 released Testing TrueOS (FreeBSD derivative) on real hardware ThinkPad T410 Kernel Hacker Wanted! Replace a pair of 8-bit writes to VGA memory with a single 16-bit write Reduce taskq and context-switch cost of zio pipe Proposed FreeBSD Memory Management change, expected to improve ZFS ARC interactions Tarsnap ##Feedback/Questions Anian_Z - Question Robert - Pool question Lain - Congratulations Thomas - L2arc Send questions, comments, show ideas/topics, or stories you want mentioned on the show to feedback@bsdnow.tv

Monte Shriver - Grew up in Aztec, NM. High School Graduation 1952. New Mexico State. Graduated in 1957 and commissioned as 2nd LT in the USAFR. Called active duty in April 1958. Attended Air Intelligence Office course at Shepard AFB, TX. Then Osan AFB Korea August 58-August 59. Assigned to 314th Air Division Intelligence office. Was appointed Target Intelligence Officer where his group maintained about 15 4-drawer file cabinets of potential targets in the Far East. Was appointed Top Secret Control Officer for the Intelligence directorate where he maintained all intelligence top secret documents for the Air Division. Given assignment to develop Target Folders for the ROKAF. Worked with 5th AF Targets branch and 8th Army Artillery Division to develop target list and delivered target folders to ROKAF target Intelligence. August 59 -March 1, 1960 Photo-Radar Intelligence training course at Shepard AFB. Released from active duty March 1, 1960. Promoted to Captain June 1, 1964 and subsequently discharged from the Air Force Reserve. Spent the balance of his career with the Bell System.

Monte Shriver - Grew up in Aztec, NM. High School Graduation 1952. New Mexico State. Graduated in 1957 and commissioned as 2nd LT in the USAFR. Called active duty in April 1958. Attended Air Intelligence Office course at Shepard AFB, TX. Then Osan AFB Korea August 58-August 59. Assigned to 314th Air Division Intelligence office. Was appointed Target Intelligence Officer where his group maintained about 15 4-drawer file cabinets of potential targets in the Far East. Was appointed Top Secret Control Officer for the Intelligence directorate where he maintained all intelligence top secret documents for the Air Division. Given assignment to develop Target Folders for the ROKAF. Worked with 5th AF Targets branch and 8th Army Artillery Division to develop target list and delivered target folders to ROKAF target Intelligence. August 59 -March 1, 1960 Photo-Radar Intelligence training course at Shepard AFB. Released from active duty March 1, 1960. Promoted to Captain June 1, 1964 and subsequently discharged from the Air Force Reserve. Spent the balance of his career with the Bell System.

ORIGINAL AIRDATE: December 17th, 1990 --- When sports memorabilia is stolen from the Coltons, MacGyver uncovers a local counterfeiting ring. MISSION: A ring of counterfeit card makers have their sights on a collection donated by Reggie Jackson and blackmail an aging athlete to steal it for them. MacGyver tracks them down as he attempts to return a box of cards stolen from the Coltons. This week's highlights include: Dual-tone multi-frequency signaling (P) Dual-tone multi-frequency signaling (DTMF) is an in-band telecommunication signaling system using the voice-frequency band over telephone lines between telephone equipment and other communications devices and switching centers. DTMF was first developed in the Bell System in the United States, and became known under the trademark Touch-Tone for use in push-button telephones supplied to telephone customers, starting in 1963. DTMF is standardized by ITU-T Recommendation Q.23. It is also known in the UK as MF4. Check out the article on wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-tone_multi-frequency_signaling. Watch S6E11: "Squeeze Play" on CBS's website or check the alternative streamability of this episode here.

You Tell Me Texas by Paul Gleiser - Today broadcaster and listener can maintain a dialogue. And that's what this portion of KTBB.com is about. I'll put the proposition out there. You feel free to agree, disagree or amplify. This is YOUR forum. So YOU TELL ME TEXAS!

You Tell Me Texas by Paul Gleiser - Today broadcaster and listener can maintain a dialogue. And that's what this portion of KTBB.com is about. I'll put the proposition out there. You feel free to agree, disagree or amplify. This is YOUR forum. So YOU TELL ME TEXAS!

Jambeaux, everyone!!! Welcome to another episode of the Magic Our Way podcast. We appreciate your listening to our show and we hope it brings a smile to your face. We also appreciate your feedback and are committed to listening to our listeners. Fact of the day: the original sponsor for the Epcot’s Spaceship Earth was the Bell System. Yes, we are a little behind in releasing content, but we are back!!! AND, we are back to our usual format, Hub included. Please note: the Magic Our Way Podcast is not affiliated with the Walt Disney Company or its entities and is also not affiliated with the DisDining website or its entities. All opinions expressed therein are solely those of the Magic Our Way podcast. No animals were harmed in the making of this podcast. But first, some news. In the Queue, or show rather, the boys cover the following news stories: A Frozen Lawsuit over a Frozen Trailer Norway vs. Disney 10 things Disney Cast Members Dislike About Guests Haunted Mansion Merch vs. the Yankee Trader The Results of Our Listener Inquiry Regarding the Haunted Mansion ANOTHER Dance Party  Yeti To Be Repaired Soon? Disney Auditions, Be a Part of the Magic and much, much more! It has been two weeks since a show has been released; however, we did run into some technical difficulties with our last show. But, this show marks our very first show utilizing Skype. This now paves the way for us to have guests on our show not from around our areas of residence. With that being said, we deliver a very typical show for us and we present to you a very interesting Hub: if Disney were to design a ride in which you played the role of a bad guy, what would it be? We got this idea from the boys over at WDW Today and we decided to run with it and do some armchair imagineering.  If you have any ideas regarding our Hub topic, be sure to send us your experiences. We would love to hear them. The Just A Dream Away Travel agency can book a vacation there for you. If you would like to learn more about this agency, please visit their website at http://justadreamawaytravel.yolasite.com. If you would like to contact Lee directly, you can find him on Facebook at http://www.facebook.com/lastovicatravel or email him at lee@justadreamawaytravel.com.  Lastly, if you want to chat with the agents of Just A Dream Away Travel, visit their Facebook group at http://www.facebook.com/groups/DreamAwayToTravel or search for Dream Away to Disney. If you enjoy this show, please let us know by contacting us at magicourway@gmail.com.  Also, if you are interested in keeping track of your expenditures via the Magic Band, go check out a new app that allows you to do just that. Go to www.magicbandbudget.com and see a newly launched app available to you. And, after you download that app, go check out www.thedisneydrivenlife.com if you are a neurotic Disney person.  As always, we promise to give the Disney fan a voice! If you have ideas for shows that you want to hear in the future, any thoughts you would like to share, or questions for any of our guests, send us a message at magicourway@gmail.com. You can also leave us a quick voicemail from your computer or mobile device through our new program, Speakpipe. All you have to do is go to the website, http://www.speakpipe.com/magicourway, click the button, and record your brief message. Speakpipe will automatically send your voicemail to us via email. It is that easy…try it today!!!! As always, if you like the show, please rate us and leave a review in the iTunes Store. We do appreciate you taking the time to do so. Also, you can find us on Facebook (www.facebook.com/magicourway) and follow us on Twitter (@magicourway). With Facebook and Twitter you will be able to find out when we are recording our show and ask us a question while we are recording. You may hear a shout out for you and your question being answered on that week's show. If you have any suggestions or comments for the show, please do not hesitate to contact us at magicourway@gmail.com. We will be sure to read your email on the air, unless you tell us not to. We do want to hear from our fans and we want you to be part of our discussion. Also, check out our slowly growing website at www.qmarkproductions.com and our soon to be website on www.magicourway.com. Also, you can now find us on Stitcher, Blackberry, Blubrry, and Double Twist for your listening convenience. Please leave us a rating and a review in whatever platform you download our show. We would just love you for it!   Thanks again for listening to us. We do realize that you have many choices when it comes to Disney podcasts and we appreciate your attention. The Magic Our Way Podcast always fills in every available space as instructed by the cast member.