Podcast appearances and mentions of king philip ii

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 24, 2023 14:46

Hello Great Minds! A preview of Cullen's Moments in Military History, a perfect deep dive into a key moment in the reign of King Philip II of Spain from Season 3 (Had to Repost this, apologies if it shows up twice)! For more DGMH just head on over to Patreon Land to get access to soooooooo much more Great content here: patreon.com/dgmhhistoryBe sure to follow me on Facebook at "Drinks with Great Minds in History" & Follow the show on Instagram and Twitter @dgmhhistoryCheers!Music:Hall of the Mountain King by Kevin MacLeodLink: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3845-hall-of-the-mountain-kingLicense: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Artwork by @Tali Rose... Check it out!Support the show

history battle spain drinks kevin macleod moments artwork repost another round military history music hall lepanto mountain king great minds philip ii king philip ii kinglicense

S4E4: Alexander the Great: Son of Zeus with Dr Andrew Fear

Talking Strategy

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 15, 2023 32:57

Alexander III of Macedon posed as the ‘Son of Zeus', but followed the advice of his biological father, King Philip II, to get out of Macedon and “seek a kingdom equal to yourself”. Between 336 and 323 BC, Alexander the Great created the largest empire the Middle East had known. Macedonian expansionism had begun under Philip II, with his son Alexander II picking up and honing the armed forces created by his father. But where Philip's strategic aims were to dominate all of Greece and Western Asia Minor, Alexander's sight was set on bringing the Persian Empire to heel. And as he moved from sieges and massacres to battle after victorious battle, his ambitions grew further – the conquest of Afghanistan and India. How did he keep his Macedonian and Greek companions motivated? Without him to lead, they did not know how to get back? Dr Andrew Fear, Lecturer in Ancient History at the University of Manchester, joins Paul and Beatrice to tell us about the strategies of Alexander. An Oxonian, he has a spate of publications on Alexander and on warfare in Antiquity, with contributions to the Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare (CUP 2007) and to the forthcoming Cambridge History of Strategy, co-edited by Beatrice, and Isabelle Duyvesteyn. He is co-editor with Dr Jamie Wood of A Companion to Isidore of Seville (Brill, 2015).

Episode 231 - Titian's “Perseus and Andromeda” (Wallace Collection, London)

spain andromeda poesie perseus titian wallace collection king philip ii

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 21, 2023 14:34

This painting is the last of six paintings that make up Titian's extraordinary “Poesie” series for King Philip II of Spain. Of all six, it is in the worst state of conservation and went through major compositional changes while it was being painted. Nevertheless, the “Perseus and Andromeda” is an important work of beauty, innovation, and visual interpretation of a classical literary source.

The Night Herostratus Destroyed One of the Seven Wonders of the World

Criminalia

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 13, 2023 25:27

On the night of July 21, in 356 BCE, a man named Herostratus took a walk to the Temple of Artemis of Ephesus … and burned it down. "First," he said of his crime, "I was very scared, then it all went away once I imagined the fame I would have … ." In this episode we're shining the spotlight on the ancient Greek who burned one of the Seven Wonders of the World to the ground. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Episode 228 – Titian's “Diana and Acteon” (National Galleries, London and Edinburgh)

Play Episode Listen Later May 31, 2023 17:21

The third of six paintings constituting Titian's famous “Poesie” series for King Philip II of Spain, “Diana and Acteon” represents a mythological account of divine punishment. A hapless hunter named Acteon stumbles upon Diana, goddess of chastity and of the hunt, and is punished for violating her decency by being transformed into a stag and killed by his own hounds.

spain edinburgh scotland poesie titian king philip ii national galleries acteon

Episode 227 – Titian's “Venus and Adonis” (Prado Museum, Madrid)

spain museum madrid prado poesie titian king philip ii farnese

Play Episode Listen Later May 24, 2023 18:46

Part of Titian's six mythological paintings for King Philip II of Spain known as the “Poesie,” the innovative and sensual “Venus and Adonis” was the most popular. We know this because some 30 versions of the painting exist today, all of which can be traced back to 2 main prime types – the Prado and the Farnese versions – both of which are discussed in this episode.

Episode 225 - Titian's “Poesie” Paintings

spain paintings venetian poesie titian king philip ii

Play Episode Listen Later May 10, 2023 19:05

Titian's six “poesie” – or “painted poems” – depict subjects from classical mythology and were painted for King Philip II of Spain. The paintings represent a landmark in the history of western art and exemplify the Venetian master's late style that was characterized by dramatic subjects, sensual forms, and loose, almost “impressionistic” brushwork.

King Philip II vs. General Franco

Liberty Dies With Thunderous Applause: Dictators of History

Play Episode Listen Later May 2, 2023 55:09

The hosts unravel the lives and legacies of two Spanish dictators; King Philip II and General Francisco Franco. They discuss Philip's enormous Spanish empire, his marital misfortune, the Spanish Inquisition against religious heretics and the Spanish Armada sent to depose the Queen of England. They also discuss General Franco's ruthless campaign in North Africa, his friendship with Mussolini and Hitler, the brutality of the Spanish Civil War, his conservative Catholic rule and the recent discoveries of mass graves and concentration camps in Spain. These two dictators battle it out in Round 22 of the knock-out tournament to determine the single greatest dictator of all time. One of these two dictators will be eliminated from the tournament and the other will remain in contention to be crowned history's biggest dictator.

england spanish spain catholic adolf hitler north africa benito mussolini spanish civil war spanish inquisition francisco franco spanish armada general franco king philip ii

Real Meaning of Woke - Fr. James Connell and the Seal of Confession

Catholic Drive Time: Keeping you Informed & Inspired!

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 23, 2023 119:59

Catholic Drive Time - 877-757-9424 Date – Thursday, March 23rd - 2023 – St. Toribio de Mogrovejo St. Toribio de Mogrovejo was a Spanish bishop born in 1538, known for his exceptional prudence and zeal in reforming the Catholic Church in Peru. He was appointed by King Philip II to be the head of the Inquisition in Granada, Spain, where he carried out his office exceptionally for five years. In 1581, he was appointed bishop of Lima, Peru, where he worked to reform the clergy and protect the oppressed, particularly the Indian population. He was criticized and persecuted for his efforts but received support from the virtuous Viceroy who had recently arrived in Lima. St. Toribio also had great devotion to the Most Holy Virgin and a rigorous spiritual life. He died on March 23, 1606, with the words of Jesus Christ on his lips: “Lord, into Thy hands I commend my spirit.” St. Toribio de Mogrovejo, Pray for us. INTRO – Good morning Happy Thursday My friend Ryan Grant's wife Sarah Grant. Please keep their family in your prayers. She is survived by her Husband Ryan Grant and her 9 kids including a newborn. https://www.givesendgo.com/sarah-grant And – at 15 past the hour we're going to discuss what it means to be “woke” plus bishop excommunicates a priest Also – at 30 past the hour, REN author of the Eggs Benedict Option And – SHARE-A-THON The Virgo Pater O JOSEPH, virgin father of JESUS, most pure spouse of the Virgin Mary, pray for us daily to the SON of GOD, that, armed with the weapons of his grace, we may fight as we ought in life, and be crowned by Him in death. Ant. Behold the faithful and prudent servant whom the LORD set over his house. V/. Pray for us, holy Joseph. R/. That we may be made worthy of the promises of CHRIST. Adrian Social Media IG: @ffonze Twitter: @AdrianFonze Facebook: Adrian Fonseca YouTube: Adrian Fonseca YouTube: Catholic Conversations Tito Social Media Twitter: @TitoEdwards Rudy Social Media IG: @ydursolrac YouTube: Glad Trad Podcast Visit our website to learn more about us, find a local GRN radio station, a schedule of our programming and so much more. http://grnonline.com/

Ep 4. Unveiling the Secrets of Andrea Amati and his violins: Part 1

The Violin Chronicles Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 23, 2023 36:24 Transcription Available

The Amati family; in this Series we explore the life and legacy of Andrea Amati, the masterful craftsman behind some of the world's most revered violins. In these episodes we delve into the fascinating history of Amati's life, his revolutionary techniques, innovations, and the enduring impact of his work on the world of music. Through interviews with experts in the field of history, instrument-making, and performance, we uncover the secrets of Amati's unique approach to violin-making, from his choice of materials to the meticulous attention to detail that went into each instrument. We also explore the rich cultural and historical context that shaped Amati's work, and the role that his violins played in shaping the sound of the Renaissance and beyond. Transcript Andrea Amati Part I A traveller passing through northern Italy's Lombardy in the 16th century would be struck by its beautiful plains, fertile meadows and abundance of grains and livestock. Large fields planted with wheat, alternated with meadows crossed with an intelligent system of irrigation ditches, and long rows of trees growing around the edges of the fields gave it that typical Po Valley plantation look. In the distance, on the northern bank of Italy's longest river, the Po, lay the bustling city of Cremona. East of Milan, on the flat Padana plains, it was described as being “rich in men and traffic”, an important commercial hub, and here you would find a strategic river crossing. In this city lived a handful of noble Cremonese families, owners of almost all the land in the surrounding countryside's, cultivated by peasants still living under a feudal system. The crops they grew, of flax, wheat, millet, rye, and rice, would be transported into the city to feed its citizens. After Milan, Cremona was the largest and most important city in the state, bursting with tradespeople and merchants. Almost 50 percent of its inhabitants are artisans, and the wealth of the city is substantial. In the Duchy of Milan, Cremona contributes as many taxes to the Duke's coffers as the rest of the provinces combined, making it a noteworthy place indeed. This was an era in which transport via water was 20 times cheaper than overland. Goods and people were frequently passing through the city on barges, often coming from Venice, then on to the markets of all of Europe with their wares. It was a transient place, an inland port even, where many people would pass through, stop and stay a while, then move on. But for those who stayed there, life was never dull. In the year 1505, a Cremonese artisan called Gottardo Amati and his wife welcomed a little baby boy into the world. They named him Andrea Amati. As was often the custom, their son would one day learn a trade similar to that of his father. Of this his parents were fairly certain. What they couldn't have known was that this child would grow up to be the first in a great dynasty of violin makers, whose instruments would grace the salons of royalty and become proud acquisitions of noble families across Europe, influencing every violin maker that would come after him. Whether they realized it or not. The Amatis. You may or may not have heard of this violin maker. But hopefully by the end of this series you will be like, Amati, yeah sure. Which one? The father, the son, the brothers, the grandfather? Because yes, there were a bunch, five to be precise, spanning four generations and they all lived in the northern Italian city of Cremona. In these episodes I'll be looking at the Amati family of Violin Makers, their extraordinary story that spans almost 200 years and the world changing events that moved their lives. I started by talking to someone who knows a whole lot about this family. Violin maker, expert, author, and researcher in Milan, Carlo Chiesa. Carlo Chiesa I'm a violin maker and a restorer and the researcher on the history of violin making. To find the Amati workshop, first we must go to the city of Cremona. The Amatis are all connected and if you look at the history of the Amati family of violin makers, that's the history of the Cremonese making for about two centuries because the Amati workshop was the only serious workshop in Cremona for about 200 years. When you speak of Cremonese making, of course you must start with the Amati workshop. Linda Lespets In the 1500s, Cremona was a city full of life, its streets filled with the sounds of clanging hammers and the buzz of conversation. It was home to a thriving community of artisans, each with their own unique skills and talents. Half the population found themselves in trade, but the other half worked and survived by supplying manual labour for the domestic market. There were servants, shopkeepers, coachmen, navigators, bankers, blacksmiths, carpenters, woodsellers, farriers, instrument makers, the list goes on. I spoke to Benjamin Hebbert, Oxford based expert, dealer, author, and international man of mystery. Benjamin Hebbert So, Cremona's actually a very interesting city, if you think of Italy and, you know, Italy's got the sort of long boot kind of going down into the Mediterranean and then you've got the sort of, the top of Italy is sort of, kind of oval shaped, like the socks sticking out of the top of the boot. And if you take that area, the great landmass of Northern Italy, at the top and at the west, it's lined by mountains. And then you've got the Adriatic Ocean with Venice on the other side. And right going through the middle is the River Po. And that really connects everything. The Po becomes, by the time you get to the middle of Italy, it's a very wide river. So your last stone bridge is at Piacenza. It starts at Trieste, goes to Piacenza. And then when you get to around about Cremona, there's a number of islands, very swampy islands. And the river kind of kinks a little bit so it slows and it becomes a little bit narrower because of the swamps and that's not good enough to put a bridge on it but it's controllable so that you can put a pontoon bridge over the river so at certain times of the year you've got a huge bridge for trade for taking armies over and that's really the history of northern Italy is armies going one way or another. Cremona is that point right in the middle of Italy where you can get huge amounts of trade, commerce, anything can travel through and get over the pontoon bridge and of course that pontoon bridge doesn't exist anymore it's even difficult to see on maps because in maps people draw land features and stone buildings they don't do disposable bridges. So right away from the Roman times, that's what Cremona stands for. If you go to Cremona, you'll see that there's all sorts of arguments, whether it's the highest tower in Italy, the highest tower in Europe, but the cathedral has this enormously high tower. And that's because actually from the top of the tower, people wanted to be able to see over the river to whatever was coming from the other side. There was a massive fortress in Cremona, towards the western edge. And one thing that you'll miss when you go there is that because of the way that the river's silted up, it's now about a mile. Maybe two miles from the city walls. Linda Lespets Carlo Chiesa talks about cultural life in Cremona and how it was placed in the dutchy of Milan. Carlo Chiesa Cremona was a large town in northern Italy in the plain, so in a very quiet and rich environment. But the problem was that, Cremona was never, the main center of a state. It was a large city in a rich area without a court and without a university. So it was a quiet place, so to say. The noble families from Cremona, had a, usually a palace, a building in Milano. So Milano was the important city and Cremona was just, an outskirt, so to say, there was no high cultural life in Cremona for many years, and at that time, that was the situation. So it was, I would say, a quiet place to live, but for the fact that sometimes it happened that armies arrived from one place to going to another and there were wars and riots and things like that. So, I think life was quite, easy in Cremona, but not, we must not, consider that as we see today, it was not safe. There was never a safe idea of life. That is the main difference in my opinion. It was the seat of rich families, very rich families. It was a very rich environment, but since there was no court the cultural life was never as important as it was in even smaller towns which had rulers and small courts, let's say Parma or Mantua or Piacenza even. These are cities smaller, much smaller than Cremona and less rich than Cremona but situated just 40, 60, 80 kilometers away of Cremona. But they had a richer cultural life because there were kings or princes or counts or some people who took care of the court. Linda Lespets Cremona was a booming city on the rise. Around 35, 000 people lived there. The size of it meant that merchants would not accumulate fortunes like those in Florence or Venice. But what we do find is a healthy middle class. earning a good living for themselves. To get an idea of the atmosphere, in the mid 1500s, 50 percent of people living in Cremona were artisans, 10 percent nobility, 20 percent were classed as just poor, and the rest worked for the others. Zooming into the artisan class of Cremona, we find that sixty percent of them worked in the thriving textile industry. Cremona was known for its fustian, that's a heavy cotton fabric often used for men's clothing and padding. The Cremonese fustian had dazzling colors and beautiful designs. Cremona was making 100, 000 pieces of this fustian that was exported to Venice and beyond the Alps. This well connected city thrived through its manufacturing industry. Their success was an availability of raw materials and their ability to be able to process them. As in the textile industry, there was a sort of funnel of goods arriving from Venice, from the east and the rest of the known world. They would be shipped along the Po River in barges to Cremona where they would either be processed or go on to be sold in the rest of Europe. There were products arriving from the north, Germany and from the south, from Naples. Merchandiser materials coming from all directions, converging on this one town, which made it a fantastic place to be an artisan. All you desired was at your fingertips. The time we find ourselves in is the Renaissance. Cremona is an intersection of trade, had not only physical goods, but ideas, and it is into this world we find our first violin maker. Andrea Amati, a Renaissance man. Carlo Chiesa. Carlo Chiesa When Andrea Amati was born and when he grew up, he was working and he was an apprenticeship in a Renaissance workshop, meaning that his training was as an artisan who was intended to be an artisan artist. Linda Lespets So the Renaissance, what was it exactly? I spoke to Dr. John Gagnier Dr John Gagne I'm John Gagne. I'm a senior lecturer in history at the University of Sydney, and I work mostly on European history from the 13th to the 18th centuries. What is the Renaissance? Oh, right. Okay. Just in a nutshell. Yeah. So the Renaissance, largely speaking, is an intellectual cultural movement. Based upon, well, you know, as you know, it's a French word, meaning the rebirth refers to any flourishing of some previously existing culture. I say this generally because, you know, there were renaissances before the, the famous one, the Italian renaissance, there was a Carolingian renaissance, there was a 12th century renaissance. But the one we're most familiar with is the, let's say the 15th century renaissance, which really got its start in the. 13th century, grew in the 14th century, maybe made most famous by Petrarch, who was a scholar and poet. And then sort of exploded across Italy in the 15th century, when many culture makers and princes began to return to the inheritance of classical Roman antiquity to try to suck out of it the, you know, a platform for moving ahead in European history because they saw, they thought that the past had been so rich and so much had been lost that only by going back, could you find something to build the future with and what's maybe most notable about the 15th century renaissance is They really scraped all aspects of the, barrel, let's say, of ancient culture, so it was, intellectual, moral, philosophical, cartographic, scientific, musical, arithmetic, it was everything that the classical world had left. They really wanted to absorb and internalize. So in the 15th century in Lombardy, which is where Cremona is, there is a court in Milan which also has a sort of satellite in the city of Pavia, the second city of the duchy. The duchy of Lombardy is, you know, probably a few million people, one of the most industrious in northern Italy. The courts at Milan, the Ancestral Castle is at Pavia, that's also the university town. And then, the third city, let's say, although Pavia is very large, Cremona is often referred to as the second city of Lombardy, because it's also a city of industry. And so, The world in which Andrea Amati would have grown up. So there were maybe two aspects to that world. And one is the one I just described, which is a world of antique rebirth, which by the 16th century was in very full swing and had been internalized, even at levels below elite levels, thanks to things like the printing press, which had made access to knowledge more accessible. And then there's the political environment, which was more tumultuous because, the Duchy of Milan, or Lombardy was, contested territory for the first half of the century. So it was a war torn part of Italy. And so the world he would have grown up in would have been, extremely tumultuous because of shifting political regimes, especially in Cremona. Linda Lespets All the income taxes, I think it's income taxes, in Cremona just as a city, had as much income tax as all the other, towns. in the Milanese state combined, so economically it was quite important. John Gagne Yeah, and it sounds like one of their biggest industries was, textiles. It looks like mostly Fustian, which is a kind of cotton velvet, let's say. And a few other sort of middle range textiles. So they're not, what Cremona produces is not fine textiles like silks and silk velvets and that kind of thing. Those are still produced elsewhere. In fact, in Milan, the city, put up regulations that prevented other cities, even within its own duchy, from, let's say, getting into the silk trade or silk production, which would have meant planting lots of mulberry trees that the silkworms could grow. That was not Cremona's specialty. They never really got into that. What they were surrounded by was flax and cotton. They had rich territory to grow that kind of crop and so they produced a kind of like hard wearing, sometimes called German style cloth, which they exported, very successfully into northern parts of Europe. Linda Lespets Basically it was a town that made a lot of its money through the textile trade. And they also talk a lot about the Moleskine, and I thought they were like... Actual little mole skins and I was imagining all these like farms with tiny little moles and Emily the Fashion historian. She said no, it's a soft cotton. It's not actually a mole So I'm like, where are they getting all these moles from? Because it was a lot. John Gagne Yeah, the renaissance mole farming was an intense industry. We won't get into right now, but no I'm joking yes, I mean, It's a city that, it sounds like, you know, Cremona's merchants were, very active on the regional and international scale. So it seems like more even than the Germans, there were Cremonese merchants active in Venice. So if you're thinking about like the, who would you, whose faces would you see most around Venice, which was of course like an international hub. The Cremonese community was extremely active in Venice, which gave them access to all kinds of, shipments coming from all over the world, really. And then there was an access because the city sits on a pilgrimage route known as the Via Franchesa, which runs from England down to Rome, there would have been a kind of like cross European access, route for traders, travellers, merchants to pass through the city as well. And, uh, so there's a constant passage of merchants from Cremona up into, you know, the Alps, then over into France and through, diagonally through France towards England. Linda Lespets In the center of the city of Cremona is the Piazza del Comune, or Town Square. A bustling hub of activity, this grand square was surrounded by some of the city's most impressive buildings, including the Palazzo Comunale, or Town Hall, with its tall arches and elegant columns. It was a symbol of the city's power and wealth, its political center. It's Loggia De Militi, it's military headquarters, and the cathedral, the religious heart of Cremona, with its impressive terrazzo bell tower standing proudly next to it. Our violin maker Andrea Amati was born in 1505 and as a boy the cathedral was already almost 400 years old. Rising up from the stone paved square, it is one of the most beautiful Romanesque cathedrals in Lombardy. On its white marble facade is a magnificent central rose window with a two story loggia adorned with stately statues. The sound of bells echoing through the city was a constant reminder of its importance, and at the moment it was undergoing a transformation. If the young Andrea Amati had wandered into the cathedral, he would have seen walls rising up held by giant stone pillars capped with gilded gold and intricate carvings. Weaving its way around all this was scaffolding. Lots of scaffolding. The painter Boccaccio Boccacino is painting colourful frescoes of the Epiphany and a cycle of the life of Mary in Christ. These paintings in the cathedral would continue throughout Andrea Amati's lifetime by a variety of artisans, and as the years passed he would see the church filled with vivid artworks bursting with life. Sometimes even seemingly to spill out of the paintings themselves and into the church, thanks to the artist's use of trompe l'oeil and life sized paintings depicting biblical scenes. It is a truly impressive structure. Coming out of the cathedral and walking along a decorative portico, you cannot miss the Torazzo, the highest tower in Italy, made of brick and rising well above the city. Its size and beauty were a source of pride for the people of Cremona. From this tower, which is in fact the bell tower of the cathedral, a lookout could spot approaching armed forces, and the people of the city were not being overcautious. Cremona had an unfortunate habit of being trampled by invading armies on a regular basis. And yet, it was an exciting time to be alive. The world was changing in unstoppable ways. This was the modern era, John Gagne. John Gagne Okay, so, you know, obviously the modern era is contested and many people, accept that it's a fiction of history, you know, when we become modern, but there are some compelling things that we recognize in terms of the transition from what we call the medieval to the modern. And one of the, say, most, enjoyable ones is a print. Made in the 16th century by the Dutch Flemish artist Jan Straat who went by Jan Stradanus, Johannes Stradanus in Latin, who's worked for the Venetian court. And he produces a print called Nova Ruperta, which means New Discoveries. And it's nine items that he thought represented the modern world. And they were the Americas, the magnetic compass, gunpowder, the printing press, clockwork, guayac wood, which was wood from Brazil that was used against syphilis, distillation technology. Silk cultivation and the stirrup and saddle and those were some of these of course are not new to the 16th century Some of the like stirrups have been around since the deep Middle Ages and some of these of course were Asian technologies They were brought to Europe, you know, like printing or silk making and that kind of thing Actually printing was individually established in Europe, but all the rest of it gives you a sense of what people in 16th century thought made their age a new age So syphilis was a big thing Yes, syphilis was completely contemporaneous with the Italian wars that we discussed earlier in terms of the breaking apart of local rule in Cremona. Syphilis, it's still disputed about whether syphilis was an ancient disease that had recurred, or whether it was a completely new disease that Europeans pinned on the Americans. But, one of the first successful cures after mercury, which is of course a terrible cure because it also kills. Even though it may feel like it's fixing the syphilis, was the guaiac wood from Brazil, which had curative properties. But maybe the overarching story is one about, an opening up of Europe to things that suggest going places or opening up to ideas whether it's about the magnetic compass and the discovery of the Americas or Travel learning new things to the printing press so it's let's say broadening of the mind of Americans of Europeans I'm sorry, and that I think is a nice distillation Let's say of the idea of modernity in the 16th century is that these things are new discoveries that set Europe on a new path And this modern era with all its new or revised discoveries and ideas would have influenced or been a part of Andrea Amati's life in Northern Italy. Linda Lespets Stories of strange and distant lands, cures of diseases, printing, the spread of learning, and music. Incredible clockwork mechanics and more give us a taste of the world he came from. Looking onto the Piazza del Comune, the centre square of Cremona, on a busy market day. You could run into locals and foreigners alike. Farmers, clergy, members of the civic community, artisans, nobility, peasants, and soldiers. There were always soldiers from somewhere. On campaign passing through the city. And of course merchants. Merchants of anything and everything, selling all sorts of goods imported into the city from one of the many trading routes leading there. There were spices, herring, honey, oysters, fine wines, pepper, clothes, dyes, cloth, fake gold, iron, leather, paper, soap, hats, sugar, just to name a few of their wares. Although the city was under the control of the Venetian state, life was precarious. Safety was never assured, and wars between the French, the Spanish, the Austrians, and even neighboring states was a constant danger. The people of Cremona lived in an ever present shadow of war. John Gagne. John Gagne Venice also had a claim on Cremona. So, part of it was that it was, Cremona was being tugged in three directions, the French claimed it, Cremona actually broke away from the Duchy of Lombardy in 1499 when the French took over and it gave itself to Venice for nine years or something and then the French captured it back. There was a lot of back and forth. For strategic reasons, obviously, it was a, for all the reasons we've described, it was a desirable city in terms of its productivity, it's revenue and that kind of thing. Exactly. Yeah. Moles everywhere. And so, uh, but there was also, interestingly, and maybe this is characteristic of Cremona, there was also a large sort of community of resistors to a lot of the foreign occupation. There's one great story about. In the 1520s, as the Cremonese were trying to escape from French oversight that 500 rebels against the French entered the city disguised as peasant grocers to lead a revolt from within. So that's the kind of thing that's going on all the time is an attempt to pull the city in one direction or another, often by the residents themselves that are trying to fight against whoever is in control. Yeah, it's, it's tremendously, um, tumultuous until basically the, French totally withdraw. And it's, as I said, Cremona is the last city other than Milan that the French withdraw from. And so it was really kind of like a war zone. In the story of the 16th century though, if I can tell big stories for a second, is one of recovery. So through the, let's say up to 1600, uh, there's a lot of recovery going on, economic recovery, you know, a post war boom of some sorts where the city is reestablishing its earlier successes. And then after 1600, there's a slide downwards that comes as a result of a number of things, including the 1630 plague and the 30 years war, which runs from 1618 to 1648. And that really, Sets most of Italy on an economic decline that's, that it never really recovers from, you know, until the 19th century. Linda Lespets One day when Andrea was seven years old, news came of the brutal sacking of the city of Brescia by the French. I speak about this in the very first episode of the Violin Chronicles. Brescia was only 60 kilometres away and also part of the Venetian state. Would Cremona be next? Word came that Bergamo had paid the French 60, 000 ducats to avoid a similar fate. Cremona was not in danger, just now. But after some complicated manoeuvring, the city was now being ruled by the Dukes of Milan, the Sforzas. Battles were being fought and armies were passing through the city, again. But life went on, and Andrea would grow up in this time of uncertainty, with continual war looming on the horizon. A horizon that could be seen from the top of that really tall bell tower. We were just talking about the terrazzo. At around the age of 14, Andrea would have started learning his trade. He was most likely apprenticed to an instrument maker, or learnt from his father, perfecting his skills and honing his craftsmanship. In the Amati household, after several years, Andrea would have finished his apprenticeship, become a craftsman, and continue to work under a master for many years. He would live through the turbulent years in his town until he reached the age of 30, when the city changed hands once again and was now controlled by the Spanish. The irony of this war was that the Spanish created relative peace and stability by investing in local infrastructure and injecting money into the region. They absolutely wanted to keep other powers out, and ended up creating a bubble of stability for the area. John Gagne explains how the Spanish came to rule Lombardy and Cremona. John Gagne I should say that the whole century was a bit messy, or the first half of the century was very messy. The first thing to say is that the Spanish and the French had been, in Italy for centuries. So, the Spanish had ruled, or the House of Aragon had ruled the Kingdom of Naples on and off with the Angevins of France since the 13th century. So, in the south of Italy, there had been a kind of give and take between France and Spain over the rulership of, Italy's largest kingdom since the Middle Ages and this had been going on even earlier in Sicily. So, there's kind of an upward movement of this contest between the crown of France and the crowns of Spain that then breaks out at the end of the 15th century when both the Spanish and the French try to gain more territory in Italy. The fulcrum for their dispute, well, it starts actually in, not surprisingly in Naples, but the Spanish managed to keep Naples after some tumults between the 1490s and the 1510s. But in the north the French succeed for the first 30 years of the century. So the French establish, they take over the entire duchy of Lombardy. They kick out the Milanese dukes, more or less. I mean, there's a lot of fighting. They come back three times. So there's a lot of in and out of regimes. So the French succeed and in fact, Cremona is in French hands for the longest of any city in the Duchy and is one of the most fought over. There's a lot of violence in Cremona through the 1530s, and there's a lot of tension with the French occupiers through that period as well. In fact, there's a great chronicle in the civic library of Cremona that I've looked at, which is vivid that just in describing the suffering of the people of Cremona in the first 30 years of the 16th century. Then the Spanish crown manages to kick the French out and they say they claim the duchy of Lombardy for themselves, which in truth they did have some claim to because the Spanish crown became soldered to the Holy Roman Empire. In 1500, when the little prince, Charles V, inherited both the Spanish crown and the Holy Roman Empire. So in one person, you had that trans European claim on a lot of territories. So it's largely thanks to the inheritance of Charles V that he could lay claim to the Duchy of Milan. which finally came into his hands in 1535 when the last of the native Dukes died. And then, it basically remained in Spanish hands until the 18th century. Much of Italy was under Spanish rule of some kind, until the 18th century. And maybe the key, the last thing to say here about how Cremona became Spanish was that, Emperor Charles V retired. He handed, he broke up this unified dominion over much of Europe and handed off different parts to different people. His son became, King Philip II of Spain. And in the 1540s, the late 1540s, King Philip established personal rule over the Duchy of Milan. And in that case, you know, he sent a lot more, governors to Italy to take over and make sure that his own orders were being enforced. So by 1550, let's say, by the time Andrea Amati is an adult man, the government he's working under is run by a Spaniard. Although the, let's say, the city of Cremona is still being overseen by a largely Italian group of magistrates under the rulership of these Spanish representatives. The Spanish monarchy took over from the Sforza Lodge in 1535 and would retain power that would last for the next 200 years or thereabouts. Linda Lespets This same period of Spanish occupation would coincide with a golden period of violin making in Cremona and would englobe the lives of the four next generations of our Amati family. This brings us to the end of the first episode in this series on Andrea Amati. The picture we have of Cremona in the early 16th century is of a busy commercial hub full of artisans, not particularly many instrument makers, yet things are about to change on that front. Despite the city being battered by wars, the people are particularly resilient, if somewhat warlike, and as you will see in the upcoming episodes, they will have to face even greater odds to survive and thrive. All the while creating some of the most beautiful instruments we have surviving today. I'd like to thank my guests, Carlo Chiesa, Benjamin Hebbert, and Dr. John Gagne for sharing their knowledge with us today. Thank you so much for listening to this podcast and I'll catch you next time on The Violin Chronicles. Whether you're a seasoned musician, a lover of classical music, or simply curious about the art of violin-making, “The Violin Chronicles” is the perfect podcast for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of one of the greatest craftspeople in history. Join us as we explore the life, work, and legacy of Andrea Amati, and discover the secrets of his enduring genius. The music you have heard in this episode is by Unfamiliar faces – All good folks, Bloom - Roo Walker, Getting to the bottom of it –, Fernweh Goldfish, Le Magicien- Giulio Fazio, Industrial music box-Kevin Macleod, The penny drops- Ben Mcelroy, Gregorian chant- Kevin Macleod, Make believe-Giuolio Fazio, Casuarinas- Dan Barracuda, ACO live in the studio Baccherini

jesus christ university europe house france england americans french germany travel kingdom secrets european italy german spanish italian spain safety brazil fashion east rome asian rising series farmers oxford large incredible latin renaissance battles americas unveiling industrial kevin macleod mediterranean venice epiphany milano carlo goods town hall naples silk weaving middle ages sicily dukes alps violin merchants parma zooming aragon chiesa piazza venetian bergamo syphilis gregorian trieste spaniard brescia comune northern italy moles new discoveries holy roman empire violins milanese cremona aco austrians town square piacenza duchy moleskine lombardy amati charles v romanesque mantua king philip petrarch carolingian merchandiser king philip ii emperor charles v angevins

My Favorite Francis

Wizard of Ads

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 25, 2022 6:24

I'm telling you up front that I'm not sharing anything valuable or useful today, but don't let that keep you from continuing.Today we're going to talk about 7 guys named Francis. Alan Lightman is not one of those 7 guys. Lightman is a past professor at Harvard and a current professor at MIT and a famous physicist who was responsible for establishing MIT's policy that requires all students to be trained in speaking and writingduring each of their four years as an undergraduate. Alan's father Richard Lightman was a movie theater owner who played a major role in desegregating movie theaters in the South in 1962. Richard taught Alan how to get things done and make a difference. In his book, A Sense of the Mysterious, Alan writes, “Not long ago, sitting at my desk at home, I suddenly had the horrifying realization that I no longer waste time.” After he wrote that sentence, he wrote an entire book titled, In Praise of Wasting Time. That's what you and I are doing right now. We are wasting time in a way that will invigorate you and cause you to think new and different thoughts. You are about to jump out of a deep rut in the road that has been your life.We are at the intersection of Monotony and Surprise. Are you ready to jump? Francis Scott Fitzgerald is the Francis we quote in the first hour of the 3-day Magical Worlds class at Wizard Academy. “The test of a first-rate intelligence is the ability to hold two opposed ideas in the mind at the same time, and still retain the ability to function.” Francis Ford Coppola gave us Apocalypse Now and The Godfather trilogy. Francis “Frank” Sinatra gave Indy Beagle the song “It Was a Very Good Year.” Indy told me he plans to share it with you in the rabbit hole. Sir Francis Drake was a contemporary of Shakespeare and an explorer and a pirate for England, and a seafaring thorn in the side of King Philip II of Spain, who offered a reward for his capture that would be nearly $9 million today. Queen Elizabeth gave Francis a knighthood. Francis “James” Cameron gave us Avatar and Titanic, the first and third highest-grossing films of all time, bringing in $2.85 billion and $2.19 billion respectively. Francis “Frank” Zappa was an iconic musician, composer, singer and songwriter whose work was characterized by nonconformity, free-form improvisation, musical virtuosity and the comedic satire of American culture. His kids are Dweezil, Moon Unit, Diva Muffin, and Ahmet Emuukha. Francis Bacon is my favorite Francis. Like Francis Drake, he was a contemporary of Shakespeare. Bacon was a statesman, a philosopher, and a master of the English tongue. After the death of Queen Elizabeth, Francis Bacon served as lord chancellor of England for King James I, for whom the 1611 King James translation of the Bible was named. These are some of my favorite memories of Francis Bacon:“The job of the artist is always to deepen the mystery.” “A dance is a measured pace, as a verse is a measured speech.” “Reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact (man.)” “There is no excellent beauty that hath not some strangeness in the proportion.” “Nothing does more hurt in a state than when cunning men pass for wise.” “A wise man will make more opportunities than he finds.” “Truth is so hard to tell, it sometimes needs fiction to make it plausible.” “The root of all superstition is that men observe when a thing hits, but not when it misses.” “Where philosophy is based on reason, faith is based on revelation, and is consequently irrational. The more discordant and incredible the divine mystery is, the more honor is shown to God in believing it, and the nobler is the victory of faith.” “But now we are to step back a little to that, which by premeditation we passed over, lest a breach should be made in those things that were so linked together.” If the...

Episode 518 - Black America - Alexander The Great - Ends In "Able" - 5-Letter Capitals - Official Alaskan State Stuff

Instant Trivia

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 13, 2022 7:30

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 518, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: Black America 1: Ralph Bunche was the first black American to win the Nobel Peace Prize and this civil rights leader was second. Martin Luther King, Jr.. 2: This Supreme Court justice was chairman of the Federal Equal Opportunity Commission from 1982 to 1990. Clarence Thomas. 3: This state song of Virginia was written by black composer James A. Bland. "Carry Me Back to Old Virginny". 4: The Tony-winning musical "Raisin" was based on this play by Lorraine Hansberry. "A Raisin in the Sun". 5: In 1957 she became the first black American athlete to win the Wimbledon singles. Althea Gibson. Round 2. Category: Alexander The Great 1: William Ivey was nominated to replace this woman as head of the National Endowment for the Arts. Jane Alexander. 2: In 1876 he was granted a patent for "The Method of, and Apparatus for Transmitting Vocal or Other Sounds". Alexander Graham Bell. 3: Alexander the Great was born in 356 B.C. to King Philip II and Queen Olympias of this kingdom. Macedonia. 4: Against an Indian army in 326 B.C., Alexander faced these beasts, including the one ridden by King Porus. elephants. 5: A pair of decrees Alexander made in 324 B.C. said that exiles could return home and that he was now this. a god. Round 3. Category: Ends In "Able" 1: 1st "able" word in the song that ends with the following:"U--""--made my life complete,""V--""--means you're awful sweet... W-X-Y-Z...". adorable. 2: Make possible, or to supply the means to do something. enable. 3: Your income after deductions is this, according to the IRS. taxable. 4: Last name of Lisa Bonet's character on "A Different World". Huxtable. 5: Another term for telegram. a cable. Round 4. Category: 5-Letter Capitals 1: Haiphong near the Gulf of Tonkin serves as this city's main port. Hanoi. 2: 12 avenues radiate from Place Charles de Gaulle in this city. Paris. 3: Bridges crossing the Nile River in this capital include El Gama'a and El Giza. Cairo. 4: The ancient Greeks called this Jordanian capital Philadelphia. Amman. 5: In 1809 one of the first revolts for independence in Latin America broke out in this Ecuadoran capital. Quito. Round 5. Category: Official Alaskan State Stuff 1: It was a "crowning" achievement in 1963 when this was named Alaska's state fish. the king salmon. 2: Knowing that this is Alaska's state mineral gives me a rush. gold. 3: Alaska's state land mammal is this antlered critter that can reach 7 feet tall and 2,000 pounds. the moose. 4: This ancient tusked beast is the state fossil. the mammoth. 5: Alaska's state bird is the willow variety of this grouse relative. the ptarmigan. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia!

Sir Francis Drake - Pt. 3: The Spanish Armada

Expedition History

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 2, 2022 78:46

The final episode of the Drake Trilogy. Follow Sir Francis Drake as he takes on the Invincible Armada, sent by King Philip II of Spain to destroy the Kingdom of England once and for all.

england kingdom spain spanish armada sir francis drake king philip ii

Jun 21, About Today for St. Aloysius Gonzaga, Rel

Divine Office Evening Prayer

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 19, 2022 0:54

June 21 Saint Aloysius Gonzaga, Religious Memorial St. Aloysius was heir to the affluent and powerful House of Gonzaga, a noble family in northern Italy in the 16th century. As a young boy, he was page to King Philip II of Spain's son and trained to become a soldier until a kidney disease forced him... Enter Prayer

house prayer italy spain gonzaga aloysius aloysius gonzaga king philip ii

Jun 21, About Today for St. Aloysius Gonzaga, Rel

Divine Office Morning Prayer (Lauds)

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 14, 2022 0:54

June 21 Saint Aloysius Gonzaga, Religious Memorial St. Aloysius was heir to the affluent and powerful House of Gonzaga, a noble family in northern Italy in the 16th century. As a young boy, he was page to King Philip II of Spain's son and trained to become a soldier until a kidney disease forced him... Enter Prayer

house prayer italy spain gonzaga aloysius aloysius gonzaga king philip ii

Jun 21, About Today for St. Aloysius Gonzaga, Rel

Divine Office Office of Readings

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 13, 2022 0:54

June 21 Saint Aloysius Gonzaga, Religious Memorial St. Aloysius was heir to the affluent and powerful House of Gonzaga, a noble family in northern Italy in the 16th century. As a young boy, he was page to King Philip II of Spain's son and trained to become a soldier until a kidney disease forced him... Enter Prayer

house prayer italy spain gonzaga aloysius aloysius gonzaga king philip ii

Jun 21, About Today for St. Aloysius Gonzaga, Rel

Divine Office Night Prayer (Compline)

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 13, 2022 0:54

June 21 Saint Aloysius Gonzaga, Religious Memorial St. Aloysius was heir to the affluent and powerful House of Gonzaga, a noble family in northern Italy in the 16th century. As a young boy, he was page to King Philip II of Spain's son and trained to become a soldier until a kidney disease forced him... Enter Prayer

house prayer italy spain gonzaga aloysius aloysius gonzaga king philip ii

2022 Stuart G. Christian, Jr. Lecture: The Great Chief Opechancanough and the War for America

Virginia Historical Society Podcasts

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 7, 2022 62:31

On April 20, 2022, historian James Horn delivered the 2022 Stuart G. Christian, Jr. Lecture about his book, A Brave and Cunning Prince: The Great Chief Opechancanough and the War for America. In 1561, an Indian youth was abducted from Virginia by Spanish explorers and taken to Spain. Called by the Spanish Paquiquineo and subsequently Don Luís, he was introduced to King Philip II in Madrid, as well as to influential Catholic prelates and courtiers, before being sent back to America to help with the conversion of Indian peoples. In Mexico City, he converted to Catholicism and after many years was eventually able to secure his return to his homeland on the York River as a guide to a small group of Jesuits. There, he quickly organized a war party to destroy the mission and everyone associated with it. During the remainder of the sixteenth century, he and his brother, Powhatan, built a massive chiefdom that stretched from the James River to the Potomac, and from the coast to the piedmont. When the English arrived in Virginia in 1607, he and his brother chief launched a series of attacks on the settlers in an attempt to drive them out. These wars, the first Anglo-Indian wars in North America, spanned the greater part of the next four decades. Known by the English as Opechancanough, he was ultimately unsuccessful but would come closer than any of his peers in early America to succeeding. He survived to be nearly 100 years old and died, as he lived, fighting European colonists. James Horn is the president of the Jamestown Rediscovery Foundation at Historic Jamestowne, the original site of the first permanent English settlement in America. He is author and editor of eight books on early America, including 1619: Jamestown and the Forging of American Democracy and A Land as God Made It: Jamestown and the Birth of America. His most recent book, A Brave and Cunning Prince: The Great Chief Opechancanough and the War for America, was published last November. The content and opinions expressed in these presentations are solely those of the speaker and not necessarily of the Virginia Museum of History & Culture.

america history culture english land war european spanish spain north america chief birth indian catholic madrid brave stuart mexico city lecture catholicism forging jesuits american democracy jamestown potomac james river virginia museum powhatan anglo indian king philip ii james horn historic jamestowne opechancanough

Philip II of Spain: Eugenics, Management, and Street Smarts

stories spanish spain sheep minor bach arab brandenburg flute schafe johann sebastian bach bwv partita js bach g major sarabande suite no king philip ii cantata bwv

Play Episode Listen Later May 27, 2022 41:07

Hello Great Minds, it's time for "A Twist of Psych!"Shari joins me for another fun round of "A Twist of Psych," this time on King Philip II of Spain. We discuss the a bit about incest and eugenics, as well as management psychology, Philip's lack of "Street Smarts" and the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence. Key Topics: Sir Francis Galton, Eugenics, Robert J. Sternberg, Triarchic Theory of Intelligence, Industrial-Organizational PsychologyThanks for listening!Cheers!Support the show here...Patreon Link - https://www.patreon.com/user?u=34398347&fan_landing=trueBe sure to follow DGMH on Instagram @drinkswithgreatminds_podcast and Join the DGMH Facebook group @ "Drinks with Great Men in History"Music:Hall of the Mountain King by Kevin MacLeodLink: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3845-hall-of-the-mountain-kingLicense: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Artwork by @Tali Rose... Check it out!Support the show

history management spain cheers intelligence drinks twist kevin macleod artwork psych eugenics smarts street smart music hall great men mountain king philip ii king philip ii sir francis galton robert j sternberg kinglicense

FLUTE STORIES - J.S. Bach's SARABANDE from Partita in A minor

Muse Mentors

Play Episode Listen Later May 15, 2022 15:07

Johann Sebastian Bach was incredibly generous with the flute. He wrote several full scale sonatas, gave the flute has starring roles in two of the Brandenburg concerti, and beautiful obbligato parts in countless arias, but there is just one solo partita. The slow movement from his A minor flute Partita-a Sarabande -is a dance form with both Arab and Spanish origins and has a silky, sensual quality. Imagine a kind of "dance of the seven veils. " Way back in 1583, King Philip II of Spain had the Sarabande banned because it was said to ‘excite bad emotions'.Georg Philip Telemann, Fantaisie No. 12J.S. Bach Brandenburg Concerto #5 in D major, BWV 1050 mmt. 1 AllegroKaren Kevra-flute, Lucy Chapman-violin Elizabeth Metcalfe-harpsichord J.S. Bach "Schafe können sicher weiden" (Sheep may safely graze) from his Cantata BWV 208. Hyunah Yu-soprano, Karen Kevra & Kenichi Ueda-flutes J.S. Bach, Prelude from Suite No. 1 in G Major, BWV1007, Edward Arron-celloAll flute pieces performed by Karen Kevra Manuscript of J.S.Bach's Partita in A minor.www.capitalcityconcerts.orgSupport the show

Great Mind #17 - King Philip II of Spain

Play Episode Listen Later May 14, 2022 54:51

Hello Great Minds! Here's the full episode on King Philip II of Spain!A Great Mind and King who acted, but was that really a good thing? This has been the Season from Hell, as I cannot seem to get anything out on time during the close of the school year. The teacher in me ask for your forgiveness. The “Fall” picks up about 18 minutes in… apologies! Key Topics: Philip II, Charles I/V, Battle of Lepanto, the Escorial Palace, the Philippines, Spanish Armada, Dutch Revolt, Margaret de ParmaThanks for listening!Cheers!Support the show here...Patreon Link - https://www.patreon.com/user?u=34398347&fan_landing=trueBe sure to follow DGMH on Instagram @drinkswithgreatminds_podcast and Join the DGMH Facebook group @ "Drinks with Great Men in History"Music:Hall of the Mountain King by Kevin MacLeodLink: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3845-hall-of-the-mountain-kingLicense: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Artwork by @Tali Rose... Check it out!Support the show

history battle hell spain cheers philippines drinks kevin macleod artwork music hall lepanto great men mountain king spanish armada king philip ii dutch revolt kinglicense

Great Mind #17 - The Rise of King Philip II of Spain

battle greek greece balkans bce macedonian hegemony athenians macedon philip ii king philip ii

Play Episode Listen Later May 13, 2022 18:21

Hello Great Minds! This has been the Season from Hell, as I cannot seem to get anything out on time during the close of the school year. The teacher in me ask for your forgiveness. For now, I have broken King Philip II's episode into two parts, his rise and fall. So, for anyone that just can't wait to listen to DGMH (insert eye-roll), here's the rise of Philip II, and I should have the his Fall, the Moment in the Margins, and the Rating out tomorrow. This will not happen again!Key Topics: Philip II, Charles I/V, Battle of Lepanto, the Escorial Palace, the PhilippinesThanks for listening!Cheers!Support the show here...Patreon Link - https://www.patreon.com/user?u=34398347&fan_landing=trueBe sure to follow DGMH on Instagram @drinkswithgreatminds_podcast and Join the DGMH Facebook group @ "Drinks with Great Men in History"Music:Hall of the Mountain King by Kevin MacLeodLink: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3845-hall-of-the-mountain-kingLicense: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Artwork by @Tali Rose... Check it out!Support the show

history battle hell fall spain cheers drinks kevin macleod artwork margins music hall lepanto great men mountain king philip ii king philip ii kinglicense

Episode 18 - Philip II of Macedon - Part 7/7 (The Macedonian Hegemony of Greece)

Warlords of History

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 1, 2022 97:11

In the series finale exploring the lifetime and dazzling achievements of King Philip II of Macedon, Philip leads his unstoppable army to win scintillating victories against both familiar and new Balkan foes. Before stumbling heavily, failed sieges on Greek cities that reignites war with the Athenians, under whom a formidable Greek coalition is formed. The prelude to Philip's crowning achievement, his astonishing victory at the Battle of Chaeronea in 338 BCE, asserting Macedon as the unquestioned master of Greece. Followed by his death and colossal legacy, having ushered in a new era in antiquity. If you would like to support my work, you can kindly do so here: www.patreon.com/warlordsofhistory Check out The Hellenistic Age Podcast: www.hellenisticagepodcast.wordpress.com

027: Back from the CROCODILE'S BELLY, Ch. 6 - “THE DEATH OF MARIA CLARA The Resurrection of Babaylan - Reclaiming the Filipina American Body”

Babaylan Bruha Book Club Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 26, 2022 50:45

In this two part chapter, through the guidance of Jane J. Alfonso, we explore the breakdown of historical colonialism in the Philippines. She highlights how Colonial Theory's (Fanon, 1995) four phrases of colonization were catastrophically implied in the Philippines: 1) forced entry of a foreign group into geographic territory with the intention of exploiting the native people's natural resources, 2) the establishment of a colonial society that is characterized by cultural imposition, cultural disintegration, and cultural re-creation of the native's indigenous culture (all of which are intended to further create a contrast between the purportedly superior colonizers and the inferior colonized), 3) the portrayal of the colonized as wild and savage peoples that the colonizer has to police and tame, ‘in essence putting oppression and domination into practice', and 4) the establishment of a race-based societal system in which the political, social, and economic institutions in a colony are designed to benefit the colonizer and subjugate the colonized. From 1521, when the infamous Ferdinand Magellan claimed the islands for King Philip II, to the first Spanish settlements in 1565, and up to the infamous 1898 Treaty of Paris where the United States acquired the Philippines from Spain for 20 million dollars, ruled over for 50 years until “granted” independence in 1946 – it can be safe to say the Philippines and Filipinos across the diaspora have been through quite a lot! From fascinating terminologies that include but not limited to, Golden Legend (p. 134) to referencing the Thomasites (p. 136), Ate Jane, Ate Leny, and so many other researchers have paved the way with allowing us to think about how all of this colonization has affected the “diaspora consciousness” - framework to understand the Filipino/a/x American experience. Ate Jane ends the chapter vulnerably sharing her relative Filipina-American story and how it ties into this interesting concept of the babaylan representing the healing counterpart to Maria Clara – an often referenced archetype of the catholic church's Virgin Mary. With Mary supposedly representing purity, chastity, and the tragic disembodiment of what it means to be an authentically self-embodied Filipina. Through her psycho-somatic therapeutic insights, we are able to consider how generations of colonization have manifested in our own bodies, and how decolonizing is the way to healing. Her research, reflection, and recommendation serves as inspiration for us to continue the conversation around what it could mean to connect back with our mothers, the great mother, and the babaylan. --------------------- (approximate timings): 1. INTRO @ 0.00 2. OPEN PRAYER @ 1:13 (intro is 1:13) 3. 90sec DECOLONIZE CHECK @ 3:39 4. BG CLIFF NOTES @ 10:01 5. VOCAB @ 16:42 6. QUOTES @ 29:08 7. END PRAYER @ 49:19 --------------------- Music by Dayana Capulong. (C) Dayana Capulong, 2022

90 Seconds with the Saints: March 23rd - St. Turibius of Mogrovejo

The Chuck

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 23, 2022 2:53

Toribio Alfonso de Mogrovejo was a Spanish prelate of the Catholic Church who served as the Archbishop of Lima from 1579 until his death. He first studied in the humanities and law before serving as a professor and later as the Grand Inquisitor at the behest of King Philip II. All Saints of God, pray for us.

god spanish saints catholic church lima archbishop all saints grand inquisitor king philip ii

Episode 16 - Philip II of Macedon - Part 5 (Wielding the Strength of the Gods)

Warlords of History

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 7, 2021 75:53

Continuing a spectacular run of military successes, King Philip II of Macedon leads his army to erase Methone off the map, the last Athenian city near Macedonia's domains. Allowing Philip to focus on the expansion of his kingdom, including a campaign into Greece that abruptly ends with a humbling defeat against Phocis. Forcing Philip to retreat and leverage the strength of the gods, returning to win a stunning victory at the Battle of Crocus Field in 352 BCE. Gaining control of northern Greece, but prevented from moving southwards, finding the Athenians blocking his path at Thermopylae. If you would like to support my work directly, you can kindly do so here: www.patreon.com/warlordsofhistory Check out the Anthology of Heroes Podcast: www.anthologyofheroespodcast.com

battle strength gods greece gaining anthology macedonia bce wielding athenians athenian thermopylae macedon philip ii heroes podcast king philip ii

Imagine the Lone Star State Being Called the New Philippines

Before, Behind and Between

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 6, 2021 4:43

The history of Texas is filled with passion and folklore, with icons, heroes and characters that include The Alamo, US President John Tyler and Davey Crockett. But if one were to go back a littler further in time, you'd find that many in that area preferred calling it the New Philippines, instead of Texas. This brief interlude in head-scratching history that almost saw the Lone Star State being called New Philippines finds its origin in Spain's overseas Asian colonies, as well as the practice at that time of colonists wanting to pay homage to King Philip II. Texas named after the Philippines, and the Philippines named after a European king? Confused? Listen to this episode to learn more. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/steven-christianson/message

texas european spain asian philippines confused alamo lone star state davey crockett king philip ii

On Friendship

Undeceptions with John Dickson

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 24, 2021 57:50

Download the transcript for this episode here.COMPETITION!We're celebrating our 500,000th download this month - half a million! And so, with the help of our major sponsor, Zondervan, we are giving away a book pack of five of Zondervan's newest titles. We'll throw in a copy of my new book Bullies and Saints AND an Undeceptions T-Shirt.To WIN, all you have to do is leave us a review on Apple Podcasts (what used to be called iTunes), take a pic of the review and send it to us. Producer Kaley will pick the best-written review on October 25 (and I mean ‘best-written' not necessarily most glowing). So be quick, you've got two weeks! LINKS Meet our guests: Sam Allberry, author and pastor. Ronald Sharp, author of Norton Book of Friendship Read Sam Allberry's book Seven Myths about Singleness and find his other books here. Here are the links to all the studies we referenced in this episode: Death of a close friend: Short and long-term impacts on physical, psychological and social well-being, PLoS ONE Friendship enriches your life and improves your health: Mayo Clinic The State of American Friendship, 2021 American Perspectives Survey More on Plutarch. Read the Tu Fu poem, To Wei Pa, A Retired Scholar, translated by Kenneth Rexroth Learn more about the Book of Proverbs, and read it for yourself. Read more about the debate over anti-semitism in Shakespeare's Merchant of Venice, in this article from the Smithsonian Magazine. Read about David and Jonathan's close friendship from the book of 1 Samuel. Read more about Niankhkhnum and Khnumhotep from Ancient Egypt in this New York Times article. Further Evidence that Niankhkhnum and Khnumhotep were Twins, Journal of Ancient Archaeology Learn more about the friendship between King Richard I and King Philip II. Here's The Guardian's article about whether Jesus was gay. Read Ronald Sharp's article, Mateship, Friendship and National Identity for the Australian Book Review. Never seen Crocodile Dundee? It's probably about time... Learn more about CS Lewis' 'four loves'. Listen to previous episodes of Undeceptions with John and his best mate, Ben Shaw (who died in June 2021 after a battle with cancer).

Eumenes 1: The King's Secretary

The Cost of Glory

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 28, 2021 59:09

As the Royal Secretary to Alexander the Great, Eumenes of Kardia had a front row seat to Alexander bringing his impossible dream crashing into the real world. As a young man, Eumenes couldn't possibly have known that the Mediterranean world he lived in was on the cusp of the most dramatic political and cultural shift in its recorded history, up to that point. And that he would be at the very center of the administrative and military machine that brought that change about. But just when Eumenes was on top of this new world order he had helped forge, Alexander died. And things suddenly looked like they were starting to unravel. When this happened, Eumenes was determined to keep it all together, because he was one of the only people who could.Not many people can expertly pivot their position so smoothly, but in the aftermath of Alexander's unexpected death, Eumenes adroitly converted his position and influence into political power. In this first part of The Life of Eumenes of Kardia, we learn why King Philip of Macedonia initially hired Eumenes as his secretary, how Eumenes grew close to Alexander, why Eumenes got on Olympias' good side, and on Antipater's wrong side, the expeditions Eumenes accompanied Alexander on, why the expedition into the Punjab region transformed Eumenes from administrator to taking charge of an elite division of cavalry, Eumenes' role in settling the succession of Alexander at the Partition of Babylon, and finally why Perdiccas sent Eumenes to Cappadocia.From the outset, Eumenes displayed the traits of a great leader - his ability to be an effective follower of the right cause, and a loyal servant to the decision makers in the situation he found himself in. He was able to slow his mind down and comprehend the situation as a whole, and find where the real potential for action was, the real leverage points. But more importantly, Eumenes performed all his roles, no matter how minor, with excellence, because he saw in them the clear potential for much greater roles.So, if like Eumenes, you're looking for a way to sharpen your present self, download and listen to this latest episode. On today's podcast: How to excel in the service of charismatic leaders That some accountants can wrestle Philip II of Macedon's conquest of Greece, and subsequent Murder The importance of being trustworthy Alexander's conquest of Asia and beyond How to build up creds and respect as an outsider Eumenes' role in the Partition of Babylon - The post- Alexander settlement Links:https://ancientlifecoach.com/

Titian, Louise Fishman Drawing

The Modern Art Notes Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 9, 2021 68:40

Episode No. 514 features curators Nathaniel Silver and Amy L. Powell. Silver is the curator of the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum's presentation of "Titian: Women, Myth & Power," which re-unites Titian's greatest series of mythological paintings for the first time in more than 400 years. In 1550, Prince Philip of Spain, the future King Philip II, commissioned Titian to make a group of paintings. Among them is the Gardner's 1559-62 The Rape of Europa, as well as The Wallace Collection, London's Perseus and Andromeda, The Wellington Collection's Danaë, the Prado's Venus and Adonis, and Diana and Actaeon and Diana and Callisto, which are jointly owned by the National Gallery, London and the National Galleries of Scotland, Edinburgh. Curators of the exhibition include Silver, Matthias Wivel at the National Gallery, London (where it was titled "Love, Desire, Death"), and at the Prado, Miguel Falomir and Alejandro Vergara curated "Mythological Passions," which included the Titian suite. A planned exhibition in Scotland was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The exhibition is on view in Boston through January 2, 2022. On the occasion of the exhibition, the ISGM has published "Titian's Rape of Europa," a consideration of the ISGM's picture. It was edited by Silver and published by the ISGM and Paul Holberton Publishing. Indiebound and Amazon offer it for about $25. On the second segment, Powell discusses her survey "A Question of Emphasis: Louise Fishman Drawing" at the Krannert Art Museum at the University of Illinois. The exhibition, the first survey of Fishman's works on paper, is on view through February 26, 2022. The excellent exhibition catalogue was published by the museum. Indiebound and Amazon offer it for about $40.

JUNE 21 - ST. ALOYSIUS GONZAGA | PATRON OF ALL CHRISTIAN YOUTH

PAULINES ONLINE RADIO

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 13, 2021 4:44

ST. ALOYSIUS GONZAGA | PATRON OF ALL CHRISTIAN YOUTH Feast Day: JUNE 21 Our saint for today, is an amazing young man from Italy. He was the eldest of seven children born in a family castle in Castiglione, northeastern Italy on March 9, 1568. He is popularly known as Aloysius, a name of Germanic origin, equivalent to the Italian Luigi, and Louis in English. His father was a marquis of Castiglione and his mother was the daughter of a baron, who later became a lady-in-waiting to Queen Isabel, the wife of King Philip II of Spain. This made him a person belonging to the aristocracy. As first born, Aloysius was destined to inherit his father's status and title, but God's design for him was far from such worldly aspirations. As a norm for sons with such status, Aloysius' father wanted him to be a soldier. As early as four years old, he was given miniature guns to play with. At five, he was made to march at the head of a platoon of soldiers, while his father was beaming with pride and joy. But his mother was not pleased, particularly with the words he learned from the barracks. When he was eight, he and a brother were sent to the court of the Grand Duke of Medici, where he got sick on the kidney, an ailment that lasted his entire life. In 1581, the family was called to Spain to assist the Roman empress and her family. In the midst of all these, Aloysius was not affected by the vain things this world could offer. Instead, he advanced in virtues and in his love for God and nurtured the desire to become a Jesuit missionary. At nine, he made a private vow of chastity and at 17 years old, he entered the Jesuit novitiate in Rome and was immediately conferred the minor orders for priests. As a novice, he was admired for his piety, obedience and chastity. Sometime in 1590, he confided to his confessor what the Archangel Gabriel told him. He would die within a year. Early in 1591, a plague broke out in Rome. The Jesuits built a hospital for the sick and Aloysius volunteered to give his service. Although his upbringing was repulsive to the nauseating smell and the sights of the sick, he continued to serve them and prepared the very sick ones to receive the last sacraments. He would also go out on the streets to beg alms for the poor victims of the plague. His exposure to the malady and his weak bodily constitution caused him to be easily contaminated. When he got bedridden, he revealed to his confessor, the future St. Robert Bellarmine that he would die on the Octave of the feast of Corpus Christi. True enough, he died on the midnight of June 21, 1591. His notable virtue was purity. He was also humble, friendly, simple, innocent, chaste in his words and angelic in his behavior. St. Mary Magdalene de Pazzi saw him in a vision resplendent in heavenly glory. “O Saint Aloysius, adorned with angelical manners, although I am thy unworthy servant, I recommend to thee in a especial manner the chastity of my soul and body; I entreat thee, by thy angelical purity, to commend me to Jesus Christ, the spotless Lamb, and to His most holy Mother, the Virgin of virgins. Pray for me and for the youth of our society." Do I avoid pornographic materials such as magazines, movies, TV shows, songs, etc. or do I use them as my favorite pastime? Am I interested more of the things of this world than for the things of God?

3 July - Mary I bids farewell to Philip for the final time #shorts

professor ancient history worthington macquarie university macedon king philip ii

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 2, 2021 0:57

On 3rd July 1557, Queen Mary I said goodbye to her husband, King Philip II of Spain, for the final time, although she didn't know it at the time. Find out more about why he had returned in the first place and what happened next in this latest edition of #TudorHistoryShorts from historian Claire Ridgway. You can see this as a video here: https://youtu.be/3FZMB4WEesA

spain farewell shorts bids king philip ii claire ridgway

(Ep. 137) Scandinavia & Eastern Europe: Wish You Were Here!

Take Me With You Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Jun 14, 2021 29:07

We are in a series where we revisit all of the Wish You Were Heres that have been shared on our podcast, this time broken down by location. This week we're revisiting the Scandinavia & Eastern Europe locations, specifically Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Croatia, Greece, Ukraine, and Russia. 2:50 Twizy Car, Geiranger, Norway 5:10 Saint Lucia Christmas Concert, Stockholm, Sweden 7:25 The Amos Rex museum, Helsinki, Finland 8:45 Freetown Christiania, Copenhagen, Denmark 10:40 Blue and Green Caves, Croatia 16:20 Tomb of King Philip II of Macedon, Vergina, Greece 18:40 Santorini, Greece 21:10 The One Street Museum, Kiev, Ukraine 23:50 KGB Museum, Moscow, Russia Follow us on Twitter & Instagram: @tmwypodcast Leave us a voicemail (or text message): (406)763-8699 Email: tmwypodcast@gmail.com

russia ukraine sweden greece norway denmark finland moscow stockholm tomb kyiv copenhagen eastern europe croatia helsinki scandinavia santorini macedon king philip ii geiranger freetown christiania amos rex

King Philip II of Macedon w. Dr Ian Worthington

Ithaca Bound

Play Episode Listen Later May 27, 2021 49:55

King Philip II of Macedon is famous for a number of things including being the father of Alexander the Great. Dr Ian Worthington, Professor of Ancient History, Macquarie University, joins the show to discuss what scholars know of Philip's life.

King Philip II of Spain's Territories in the Mediterranean w. Dr Gonzalo Velasco Berenguer

Ithaca Bound

Play Episode Listen Later May 24, 2021 55:39

Philip II of Spain inherited the Kingdoms of Valencia, Granada, Naples & Sicily, Sardinia, the County of Barcelona, the Duchy of Milan, and more. Dr Gonzalo Velasco Berenguer, University of Bristol, joins the show to discuss Philip's territorial holdings in the Mediterranean Basin.

university spain barcelona mediterranean kingdoms granada gonzalo velasco territories sardinia duchy berenguer philip ii king philip ii

21 May - Philip of Spain

european spain diplomats tudor anne boleyn on this day courtier king philip ii tudor history

Play Episode Listen Later May 20, 2021 0:56

Today is the anniversary of the birth of King Philip II of Spain, husband of Queen Mary I. Historian Claire Ridgway commemorates his birthday by sharing a few facts about this European ruler. Claire is the founder of the Tudor Society, an online membership site for those who love Tudor history. There, you can learn from Claire and many other expert historians and authors, enjoy Tudor-focused magazines and live Q&A sessions with experts, and have access to all kinds of talks, articles, quizzes, virtual tours and more. Try it with a 14-day free trial - https://www.tudorsociety.com/signup/ Claire has written some bestselling Tudor history books: On This Day in Tudor History - https://amzn.to/3oceahH The Fall of Anne Boleyn: A Countdown - https://amzn.to/3m8KaSi George Boleyn: Tudor Poet, Courtier and Diplomat - https://amzn.to/2TdwyZr The Anne Boleyn Collection - https://amzn.to/3kiQc1T The Anne Boleyn Collection II - https://amzn.to/3o9LUwi The Anne Boleyn Collection III - https://amzn.to/3kiQc1T The Life of Anne Boleyn Colouring Books - https://amzn.to/3jkJ5Vz Claire has also done an online history course, The Life of Anne Boleyn, for MedievalCourses.com - https://medievalcourses.com/overview/life-anne-boleyn-mc06/ You can find Claire at: https://www.theanneboleynfiles.com https://www.tudorsociety.com https://www.facebook.com/theanneboleynfiles/ https://www.facebook.com/tudorsociety/ https://twitter.com/AnneBoleynFiles https://twitter.com/thetudorsociety https://www.instagram.com/tudor.society/ https://www.instagram.com/anneboleynfiles/

Today's Catholic Mass Readings Tuesday, March 23, 2021

Today's Catholic Mass Readings

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 23, 2021

Full Text of ReadingsTuesday of the Fifth Week of Lent Lectionary: 252All podcast readings are produced by the USCCB and are from the Catholic Lectionary, based on the New American Bible and approved for use in the United States _______________________________________The Saint of the day is St. Turibius de MogrovejoCatholics in Latin America and throughout the world will celebrate the life and ministry of St. Turibius of Mogrovejo on March 23. The 16th century bishop upheld the rights of Peru's indigenous peoples, and became one of the first canonized saints of the Americas. Turibius was born in Spain during 1538, to a noble family in the kingdom of Leon. He frequently prayed, fasted, and gave to the poor even as a child, and eventually developed the daily habit of praying the Rosary along with the Little Office of the Blessed Virgin Mary. He went on to study law at the University of Salamanca, and eventually served as a judge for five years in the territory of Granada. His judicial wisdom and diligence drew the attention of King Philip II, who wanted Turibius who was still a layman to be consecrated as a missionary archbishop for the Spanish colony of Peru.Turibius became greatly dismayed, protesting to the king and Church authorities that he was not even a priest and could not possibly accept the charge. In a series of letters, he pled that he was not personally capable of serving as the Archbishop of Lima nor, he reminded them, did canon law permit a layman to become an archbishop.Eventually, however, he had little choice but to comply. He was consecrated as a bishop in 1581, at the age of 43, and immediately left for Lima, Peru. The new archbishop undertook to travel throughout the rugged and mountainous diocese, where he observed many of the worst effects of colonialism both upon the enslaved and oppressed natives, and on many of the colonists who seemed to have lost their souls in the pursuit of wealth. He responded with constant prayer and penance, as he traveled throughout his territory administering the sacraments, teaching the Catholic faith, and establishing schools, seminaries and hospitals. To the indigenous Peruvians, the archbishop was a herald of the Gospel who held their lives as more precious than their country's supplies of gold and silver. But to the many colonists whose behavior showed no sign of their Catholic origins, he was a prophetic scourge whose efforts to awaken the public conscience earned him rebukes and opposition.Turibius ultimately managed to make three visitations of his diocese, under rugged and dangerous conditions, which occupied about half of his 25 years as Archbishop of Lima. He united the Peruvian Church at an administrative level by holding several local councils of its clergy, but was also known to spend days traveling to reach a single individual with the message of Christ. The archbishop became seriously ill in 1606. He sensed that his death was imminent, and decreed that his possessions should be distributed to the poor. St. Turibius died on March 23, and his body was found to be incorrupt the next year. He was declared a saint in 1726, and is now regarded as the patron of native peoples' rights and Latin American bishops. Saint of the Day Copyright CNA, Catholic News Agency

Paranormal: The House of the Seven Chimneys

grim.

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 15, 2021 30:03

So if you couldn't tell from the name, the house with seven chimneys, casa de las siete chimeneas, is a house that has seven chimneys. It is said that the seven chimneys represent the seven sins. So the house is sometimes called the House of the Seven Sins. So I don't think this is fact, but according to the legends, the house was built by order of King Philip II, possibly because he wanted a secret spot for having love affairs that he didn't want people knowing about. But because this is a paranormal story, it is safe to assume some spooky things happened in the house… Stay safe out there. With love, Saaniya and Maddie x Sources: https://www.mysteriumtours.com/the-house-with-seven-chimneys https://historiasdemadrid.com/en/blog/2019/10/29/the-house-with-the-seven-chimneys/ https://www.gomadrid.com/sights/siete-chimineas.html https://themakingofmadrid.com/2017/06/04/the-house-of-the-seven-chimneys/ https://www.esmadrid.com/en/tourist-information/casa-de-las-siete-chimeneas?utm_referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F http://www.the13thfloor.tv/2016/08/29/madrids-house-of-seven-chimneys-or-seven-deadly-sins-boasts-a-ghostly-past-and-present/ http://www.radioenciclopedia.cu/cultural-news/legends/elena-in-the-house-of-the-seven-chimneys-20190806/

house paranormal chimneys seven sins king philip ii

Today's Catholic Mass Readings Saturday, February 6, 2021

Today's Catholic Mass Readings

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 6, 2021

Full Text of ReadingsMemorial of Saint Paul Miki and Companions, Martyrs Lectionary: 328All podcast readings are produced by the USCCB and are from the Catholic Lectionary, based on the New American Bible and approved for use in the United States _______________________________________The Saint of the day is St. Paul Miki and Companions On Feb. 6, the Catholic Church honors the 26 Martyrs of Nagasaki, a group of native Japanese Catholics and foreign missionaries who suffered death for their faith in the year 1597.During the 16th century, the Catholic faith reached Japan by the efforts of the Jesuit missionary Saint Francis Xavier (1506-1552). Jesuit outreach to the Japanese continued after his death, and around 200,000 Japanese had entered the Church by 1587.Religious tensions led to a period of persecution during that year, during which many churches were destroyed and missionaries forced to work in secret. But few episodes of martyrdom took place during this time, and within a decade 100,000 more Japanese became Catholic despite the restrictions.During 1593, Franciscan missionaries came to Japan from the Philippines by order of Spain's King Philip II. These new arrivals gave themselves zealously to the work of charity and evangelism, but their presence disturbed a delicate situation between the Church and Japanese authorities.Suspicion against Catholic missionaries grew when a Spanish ship was seized off the Japanese coast and found to be carrying artillery. Toyotomi Hideyoshi, a powerful imperial minister, responded by sentencing 26 Catholics to death.The group was comprised of three native Jesuits, six foreign Franciscans, and several lay Catholics including some children. Sentenced to die by crucifixion and lancing, they were first marched 600 miles to the city of Nagasaki.During the journey they underwent public torture meant to terrorize other Japanese believers in Christ. But all of the 26 held out courageously, even singing the hymn of praise Te Deum when they arrived at the hill where they would be crucified.Three of the best-known martyrs of Nagaki are Saints Paul Miki, John of Goto, and James Kisai. Though none were priests, all were associated with the Jesuits: Miki was training for the priesthood, while Kisai was a lay brother and John of Goto was a catechist preparing to enter the order.Paul Miki offered an especially strong witness to his faith during the group's month-long march to Nagasaki, as he joined one of the captive Franciscan priests in preaching to the crowds who came to mock the prisoners.The son of a wealthy military leader, Miki was born in 1562 and entered the Church along with the rest of his family. He joined the Jesuits as a young man and helped many Buddhists to embrace Christianity. His last act of evangelism took place as he hung on his cross, preaching to the crowds.The only reason for my being killed is that I have taught the doctrine of Christ, he announced. I thank God it is for this reason that I die. I believe that I am telling the truth before I die.After Christ's example, I forgive my persecutors. I do not hate them. I ask God to have pity on all, and I hope my blood will fall on my fellow men as a fruitful rain.St. Paul Miki and his 25 companions were stabbed to death with lances on Feb. 5, 1597, at the site that became known as Martyrs' Hill. Pope Pius IX canonized the Martyrs of Nagasaki in 1862. Saint of the Day Copyright CNA, Catholic News Agency

Christian Citizenship in the Empire of the Spanish Habsburgs

Historias

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 2, 2021 50:40

King Philip II of Spain (r. 1556-1598) inherited the first truly global empire. But what kept a set of kingdoms that included Castile, Aragón, vast swaths of North and South America, Portugal, the Low Countries, Italian territories, and the Philippines from falling apart? Prof. Max Deardorff explores the legal underpinnings of this complicated system, including the early modern conception of the “republic,” the relationship between early modern vassals and the Crown, and the question of whether native subjects could ever hope to achieve enfranchisement in colonial cities founded by Spaniards. Deardorff highlights the importance of the Council of Trent, which conditioned a generation of Spanish Catholic reform and played a crucial role in defining early modern citizenship, and points out how royal strategies for integrating Moriscos (Andalusi converts from Islam and their descendants) into Christian society in recently-conquered Granada provided a blueprint for assimilating native subjects in the Americas.

11. The Secret Lives of Titian's Poesie with Lynne Hanley

Jo's Art History Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 15, 2020 47:53

It's episode 11 and on today's podcast Jo is joined by Lynne Hanley - art historian, writer and London based tour guide to discuss the secret lives of Titian's incredible series known as the Poesie! The Poesie are a series of 6 paintings completed by the great Italian artist, Titian, under the patronage of the future King Philip II of Spain BUT Lynne is going to be giving us a different take on this great series from within the history of art. TODAY we will be looking at the story beyond the canvas and together track the wild and sometimes dangerous history of where this group of paintings ended up. In this episode we look at patronage, pawns, the art of erotica and discuss the possibility that where these works use to hang, being the inspiration for 50 Shades of Grey! Its all go in todays episode!! Listen and decide for yourself! GUEST: Lynne Hanley Website: www.beyondthepalette.co.uk Instagram: lynne_beyondthepalette HOST: Jo McLaughlin Website: www.josarthistory.com Instagram: @josarthistory Artworks: Paintings from the series by Titian in order are: Danaë Venus and Adonis Perseus and Andromeda Diana and Actaeon Diana and Callisto The Rape of Europa All images referred to on the show can be found on my website here: www.josarthistory.com or on my Instagram page @josarthistory Further materials: National Gallery of Scotland discussing the history of their Diana works from the series during a Facebook live: https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/exhibitions/titian-love-desire-death/facebook-live Titian: Love, Desire, Death: https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/exhibitions/titian-love-desire-death Building of new frames for each of the works: https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/exhibitions/titian-love-desire-death/framing-titian

death italian scotland desire shades national gallery secret lives poesie hanley titian king philip ii

4. Bloody Mary

A History of England

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 4, 2020 8:46

A Bloody Mary may be a fine drink, but Bloody Mary was hardly the most desirable of Queens. As the nickname rather suggests. She was England's last Catholic monarch, and she set out to undo her brother's Protestant work (though without giving any of the money back). Apart from that, she lost England's last Continental possession, Calais, and she married the man who would become King Philip II of Spain. His great contribution as King of England? To sort out the Navy, a high-minded action but one unintended consequences for which he'd pay heavily later. The illustration is a portrait of Mary Tudor, who became Queen as Mary I, but is best known as Bloody Mary. © juangarcia/123RF.COM Music: Bach Partita #2c by J Bu licensed under an Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (aka Music Sharing) 3.0 International License.

england spain catholic navy queens protestant continental bloody mary calais international license attribution noncommercial noderivatives mary tudor music sharing king philip ii

EP 12 Sepsis Pathology | The Great Macedonian Mystery

This Medical Life

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 17, 2020 29:17

** Thanks for downloading this episode. If you'd like to stay in touch with our continuing story, Season 2 continues at This Medical Life, in which Dr Travis Brown continues his exploration of diseases and our approaches to treatment from history to the modern day. Have a look in your podcast app now for This Medical Life, and hit subscribe so you never miss an episode ** The life of Alexander the Great is a landmark moment in history. The son of King Philip II, one of history's greatest military conquerors, and Olympus, worshipper of Dionysus and political mastermind, Alexander was raised to believe he had direct lineage with the Gods. Much was expected of Alexander and he did not disappoint. However, at the age of 32, he died suddenly of a mystery illness. Through the lens of modern medicine and pathology, we focus on this ‘Great man' of history and ask: what did he die from?See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

mystery gods pathologies olympus sepsis macedonian dionysus travis brown king philip ii

S1E12: EP 12 Sepsis Pathology | The Great Macedonian Mystery

This Pathological Life Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 17, 2020 28:39

The life of Alexander the Great is a landmark moment in history. The son of King Philip II, one of history's greatest military conquerors, and Olympus, worshipper of Dionysus and political mastermind, Alexander was raised to believe he had direct lineage with the Gods. Much was expected of Alexander and he did not disappoint. However, at the age of 32, he died suddenly of a mystery illness. Through the lens of modern medicine and pathology, we focus on this ‘Great man' of history and ask: what did he die from? See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

mystery gods pathologies olympus sepsis macedonian dionysus king philip ii

May 28 - The Spanish Armada sets sail

Play Episode Listen Later May 27, 2020 6:33

On this day in Tudor history, 28th May 1588, the Spanish Armada set sail from Lisbon in Portugal bound for the Spanish Netherlands. With the Pope's blessing, King Philip II was going to invade England and depose the heretic, Queen Elizabeth I. The stop at the Netherlands was simply to pick up the Spanish forces there. What happened next and why did the Spanish Armada fail? Find out all about the Spanish Armada and how England was victorious in today's talk from Claire Ridgway, author of "On This Day in Tudor History". You can see this podcast as a video at the following link:https://youtu.be/OcnS-lmbN00 Book recommendation - Garrett Mattingly’s “The Defeat of the Spanish Armada”. Also on this day in Tudor history, 28th May 1582, Roman Catholic priests Thomas Forde, John Shert and Robert Johnson suffered full traitors' deaths at Tyburn for their alleged implication in the Rome and Reims Plot. However, many believe that this plot wasn't actually real. Find out more in last year’s video - https://youtu.be/vBiIMRm4m04

england spanish rome portugal netherlands pope defeat lisbon roman catholic sail tudor robert johnson on this day spanish armada king philip ii tudor history claire ridgway spanish netherlands

Episode 483: Alexander the Great: History’s Ultimate Conqueror?

Sofa King Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later May 22, 2020

On this episode of the world famous Sofa King Podcast, we look at one of the greatest military leaders in human history, Alexander the Great. Alexander was born in the Greek kingdom of Macedonia in 356 B.C. He was the son of a powerful king and queen, and after Game of Thrones type ups and downs, he took Macedonia as king after his father was assassinated. From there, Alexander conquered Greece and moved to India, Egypt, and even Persia (the Middle East). By the time he was 32, he was considered "King of Babylon, King of Asia, King of the Four Quarters of the World." Alexander was born to King Philip II and Queen Olympia. While he was a boy, his father had him trained in everything from music to military, swordsmanship to horsemanship, and even philosophy (at the hands of the one and only Aristotle). By the time he was 16, he formed a cavalry and defeated an until then undefeatable group called the Sacred Band of Thebes. At the age of 19, his father was murdered by his own body guard, and after a brief struggle for power, Alexander was declared king of Macedonia. However, his father’s biggest legacy was a body of joined states called the Corinthian League, and they didn’t bow down to Alexander. Until he made them. One by one, the Greek states fell to Alexander’s army, and even the mighty Spartans joined this new League with Alexander as its head. Once Greece was his, Alexander set his sights at the biggest military target there was—Persia. It was said to be impossible to defeat their massive army, but in just a few years, Alexander had their king Darius III on the run. He next took Egypt and India, and all of Persia, becoming the king of the known world. He established over 70 cities named Alexandria (some of which still exist today with the same name). After his 13 year run of zero defeats in battle, what finally made his army say enough and want to head back? What was his reaction when is enemy Darius III was killed by his own army? What was the story with his mighty horse Bucephalus? Was Alexander the Great truly bisexual? Was he truly a drunk? How did he undo the famed Gordian Knot? Did he conquer more than Genghis Khan did? Listen, laugh, learn. Visit Our Sources: https://www.biography.com/political-figure/alexander-the-great https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/alexander-the-great https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_the_Great https://www.historyhit.com/facts-about-alexander-the-great/ https://www.ancienthistorylists.com/greek-history/top-10-amazing-facts-about-alexander-the-great/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/League_of_Corinth https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellenistic_period

Ep 106: Rudolf II and the Hapsburg Family with Peter Wilson

That Shakespeare Life

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 27, 2020 20:06

Throughout Shakespeare’s lifetime one of the most widely circulated and reported on current events was the state of the Holy Roman Empire. Ruled for much of Shakespeare’s lifetime by an eccentric named Rudolf II, who secluded himself in Bohemia to the neglect of his Empire. Rudolf II and his weird choice to isolate himself in Bohemia would have been enough to make Shakespeare’s references to Bohemia in his plays make sense, but on top of Rudolf II there was also Don John of Austria, the half brother to King Philip II of Spain and a threat to the English throne, with many in England concerned he might take over England should the Spanish Armada have succeeded in 1588. For historians, we can look back and see that the Spanish Armada was defeated, but for 28 year old William Shakespeare, that outcome was far from a certainty. Later when William Shakespeare was 49 years old, the eldest daughter of James I, named Elizabeth, married the Frederick V, a senior prince of the Holy Roman Empire, who would go on to become the King of Bohemia--and the irony of that situation could hardly have been lost of William for whom the entirety of his life had been spanned by upheaval in the Holy Roman Empire and an odd relationship to Bohemia. We see glimpses into the contemporary mindset of England and the politics abroad with the Holy Roman Empire as Shakespeare as well as his contemporaries comment on the threat of Don John, the war between the Spanish and Dutch, and even the oddities of the strange, isolated, King of Bohemia, Rudolf II, in plays like King John, which was written the same year Rudolf II died, and Jonsons’ The Alchemist which specifically calls out, and insults, the Hapsburg family with his multiple references to Austrian princes. Here to help us unpack this veritable mountain of history packed into just a few lines of text, and introduce us to the life of Rudolf II, the Hapsburg family, and this part of 16th century current affairs is our guest, Peter Wilson.

April 3 - Peace between Elizabeth I, France and the Empire

Between The Mountains Adventure Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 2, 2020 4:47

On this day in Tudor history, 3rd April 1559, the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis was signed between King Henry II of France and King Philip II of Spain. The previous day, 2nd April 1559, it had been signed between Elizabeth I and Henry II. The treaty, or rather treaties, brought the Italian Wars to an end. But what were these wars? How was England involved? And what were the terms of the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis? Find out more in today's talk from Claire Ridgway, author of several Tudor history books. You can see this podcast as a video at the following link:https://youtu.be/-ay-k25_ZBs You can find Claire at:https://www.theanneboleynfiles.com https://www.tudorsociety.comhttps://www.facebook.com/theanneboleynfiles/https://www.facebook.com/tudorsociety/https://twitter.com/AnneBoleynFiles https://twitter.com/thetudorsociety https://www.instagram.com/tudor.society/ https://www.instagram.com/anneboleynfiles/

peace france england spain empire tudor henry ii king henry ii king philip ii claire ridgway

Ep.3 - Backpacking Through The Philippines

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 1, 2020 66:45

Beautiful Beaches, Delicious Fruit, and King Philip II of Spain The Philippines is a collection of over 7000 islands in South East Asia and attracts tourists from all over the world - pandemic aside. It is a country that can provide history and culture in the capital, and beautiful nature on its surrounding islands. This is my second podcast interviewing a guest, the first officially for "Between The Mountains", and made for a very multi-cultural interview; a Brit interviewing a Chinese-Canadian staying in Vietnam about the Philippines. The world is a wonderful place. A Journey Across The Islands The Philippines is a place on my bucket list to explore, with places like El Nido, Palawan and Coron Islands naturally on the list to visit! When I do go, I will be using things like this budget trip article from Bags Always Packed to help me. Starting the episode discussing history and culture, and the expectations of it. We also discuss the friendliness of the people there, supporting so much of what I have heard about this place. Rick compares Thailand - a place he describes as friendly but for your tourism money - with little situations in the Philippines like a local paying for his food out of kindness. Rick discusses his day by day itinerary travelling across the country as he backpacked through South East Asia; perfect for researching or reminiscing your own trip! Join us as he hikes mountains, catches ferries, visits historical sites, and discovers secret beaches. Sometimes It's Not All It Seems Something I find interesting about Rick's account of the Philippines is that it doesn't always meet your expectations. So many people speak so highly of the country (well, perhaps not the capital) and yet Rick's experience differs. This is seen every where. I personally compare Naples to real-life Gotham, and I have friends who find places like Cambodia completely horrible, even though they only went there from recommendation in the first place. Rick expected to find a rather colonial country with so much history, and it wasn't all that he imagined it to be, despite how incredible the trip was. He also admits that travelling in tropical season wasn't the smartest idea either. I really like and appreciate the honest account of his trip - which certainly isn't all doom and gloom. There are so many wonderful moments, including the featured photo which was their own special moment on the trip. You'll have to listen to find out where this secret location was! -------------- If you enjoy the show please subscribe/follow and share with a friend! If you really enjoy the show please check out our Patreon site here. Supporting through Patreon really helps cover costs and allow to invest more time into the quality! To come on the show or work with me, please email on: btmtravelpod@gmail.com Join in with the community. Instagram/Twitter/Facebook and our new Facebook Page to share your own photos and videos here https://betweenthemountains.org/

spain vietnam thailand philippines southeast asia gotham cambodia naples backpacking chinese canadian el nido palawan king philip ii

Ep. 70 Don Carlos By Verdi

Opera For Everyone

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 11, 2020 117:36

Don Carlos, son of King Philip II of Spain, is bethrothed to the daughter of the King of France. In this romantic portrayal of history, they fall in love at first sight, but their happiness is dashed when Philip II decides to make Elizabeth his own bride. The drama of this royal family is complicated by Carlos’s idealistic comrade, Elizabeth’s too-beautiful friend, Carlos’s own impetuous behavior, the ominous specter of Philip II’s devout father, and the threatening presence of the Spanish Inquisition. Join us for this Italian master’s French Grand Opera. Hosted by Keely and Pat

france italian spain fall in love verdi spanish inquisition don carlos philip ii king philip ii

Ep. 70 Don Carlos By Verdi [Extended Version]

Opera For Everyone

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 11, 2020 133:48

This extended version of our Don Carlos show includes everything from the regular length show, plus a little more music and a lot more history! Don Carlos, son of King Philip II of Spain, is bethrothed to the daughter of the King of France. In this romantic portrayal of history, they fall in love at first sight, but their happiness is dashed when Philip II decides to make Elizabeth his own bride. The drama of this royal family is complicated by Carlos’s idealistic comrade, Elizabeth’s too-beautiful friend, Carlos’s own impetuous behavior, the ominous specter of Philip II’s devout father, and the threatening presence of the Spanish Inquisition. Join us for this Italian master’s French Grand Opera. Hosted by Keely and Pat

france italian spain fall in love verdi extended version spanish inquisition don carlos philip ii king philip ii

Episode 1 - The Assassination of King Philip II of Macedon

Historic Hole

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 14, 2020 26:33

The group explores the assassination of King Philip of Macedon and theories about how it happened. Research by Jason.

history comedy research historic historical assassination macedon king philip king philip ii

(Ep. 54) Studying Abroad in Edinburgh with Diana DeWald

Take Me With You Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 11, 2019 73:02

Diana shares about her masters program in Edinburgh, what it’s like to be a student in another country, why she wants to marry someone with an accent, and all of the reasons that she is a Hufflepuff!!! Diana recommends you check out:Harry Potter free tourThe Cauldron BarGilmerton CoveWish You Were HereDiana: Tomb of King Philip II of Macedon, Vergina, GreeceCheryl: Cougar Mountain Zoo, Issaquah, WARyan: Griffith Observatory, Los Angeles, CAFollow us on Twitter & Instagram: @tmwypodcastLeave us a voicemail (or text message): (406)763-8699Email: tmwypodcast@gmail.com

los angeles travel united kingdom harry potter edinburgh scotland study abroad hufflepuff studying abroad macedon issaquah masters program dewald king philip ii take me with you

Episode 210 - Plantagenet Queens - Isabella of Angouleme - Part 02

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 21, 2019 27:31

Isabella of Angoulême (French: Isabelle d'Angoulême, IPA: [izabɛl dɑ̃ɡulɛm]; c. 1186/1188 – 4 June 1246) was queen consort of England as the second wife of King John from 1200 until John's death in 1216. She was also suo jure Countess of Angoulême from 1202 until 1246. Isabella had five children by the king, including his heir, later Henry III. In 1220, Isabella married Hugh X of Lusignan, Count of La Marche, by whom she had another nine children. Some of Isabella's contemporaries, as well as later writers, claim that Isabella formed a conspiracy against King Louis IX of France in 1241, after being publicly snubbed by his mother, Blanche of Castile, for whom she had a deep-seated hatred. In 1244, after the plot had failed, Isabella was accused of attempting to poison the king. To avoid arrest, she sought refuge in Fontevraud Abbey, where she died two years later, but none of this can be confirmed. Isabella was the only daughter and heir of Aymer Taillefer, Count of Angoulême, by Alice of Courtenay, who was sister of Peter II of Courtenay, Latin Emperor of Constantinople and granddaughter of King Louis VI of France. Isabella became Countess of Angoulême in her own right on 16 June 1202, by which time she was already queen of England. Her marriage to King John took place on 24 August 1200, in Angoulême, a year after he annulled his first marriage to Isabel of Gloucester. She was crowned queen in an elaborate ceremony on 8 October at Westminster Abbey in London. Isabella was originally betrothed to Hugh IX le Brun, Count of Lusignan, son of the Count of La Marche. As a result of John's temerity in taking her as his second wife, King Philip II of France confiscated all of their French lands, and armed conflict ensued. At the time of her marriage to John, the blonde-haired blue-eyed Isabella was already renowned by some for her beauty and has sometimes been called the Helen of the Middle Ages by historians. Isabella was much younger than her husband and possessed a volatile temper similar to his own. King John was infatuated with his young, beautiful wife; however, his acquisition of her had at least as much to do with spiting his enemies as romantic love. She was already engaged to Hugh IX le Brun when she was taken by John. It was said that he neglected his state affairs to spend time with Isabella, often remaining in bed with her until noon. However, these were rumors spread by John's enemies to discredit him as a weak and grossly irresponsible ruler, given that at the time John was engaging in a desperate war against King Philip of France to hold on to the remaining Plantagenet duchies. The common people began to term her a "siren" or "Messalina", which spoke volumes as to popular opinion. Her mother-in-law, Eleanor of Aquitaine, readily accepted her as John's wife. On 1 October 1207 at Winchester Castle, Isabella gave birth to a son and heir, named Henry III after the King's father, Henry II. He was quickly followed by another son, Richard, and three daughters, Joan, Isabella, and Eleanor. All five children survived into adulthood and made illustrious marriages; all but Joan produced offspring of their own. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/allthingsplantagenet/support

Episode 209 - Plantagenet Queens - Isabella of Angouleme - Part 01

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 21, 2019 24:04

Isabella of Angoulême (French: Isabelle d'Angoulême, IPA: [izabɛl dɑ̃ɡulɛm]; c. 1186/1188 – 4 June 1246) was queen consort of England as the second wife of King John from 1200 until John's death in 1216. She was also suo jure Countess of Angoulême from 1202 until 1246. Isabella had five children by the king, including his heir, later Henry III. In 1220, Isabella married Hugh X of Lusignan, Count of La Marche, by whom she had another nine children. Some of Isabella's contemporaries, as well as later writers, claim that Isabella formed a conspiracy against King Louis IX of France in 1241, after being publicly snubbed by his mother, Blanche of Castile, for whom she had a deep-seated hatred. In 1244, after the plot had failed, Isabella was accused of attempting to poison the king. To avoid arrest, she sought refuge in Fontevraud Abbey, where she died two years later, but none of this can be confirmed. Isabella was the only daughter and heir of Aymer Taillefer, Count of Angoulême, by Alice of Courtenay, who was sister of Peter II of Courtenay, Latin Emperor of Constantinople and granddaughter of King Louis VI of France. Isabella became Countess of Angoulême in her own right on 16 June 1202, by which time she was already queen of England. Her marriage to King John took place on 24 August 1200, in Angoulême, a year after he annulled his first marriage to Isabel of Gloucester. She was crowned queen in an elaborate ceremony on 8 October at Westminster Abbey in London. Isabella was originally betrothed to Hugh IX le Brun, Count of Lusignan, son of the Count of La Marche. As a result of John's temerity in taking her as his second wife, King Philip II of France confiscated all of their French lands, and armed conflict ensued. At the time of her marriage to John, the blonde-haired blue-eyed Isabella was already renowned by some for her beauty and has sometimes been called the Helen of the Middle Ages by historians. Isabella was much younger than her husband and possessed a volatile temper similar to his own. King John was infatuated with his young, beautiful wife; however, his acquisition of her had at least as much to do with spiting his enemies as romantic love. She was already engaged to Hugh IX le Brun when she was taken by John. It was said that he neglected his state affairs to spend time with Isabella, often remaining in bed with her until noon. However, these were rumors spread by John's enemies to discredit him as a weak and grossly irresponsible ruler, given that at the time John was engaging in a desperate war against King Philip of France to hold on to the remaining Plantagenet duchies. The common people began to term her a "siren" or "Messalina", which spoke volumes as to popular opinion. Her mother-in-law, Eleanor of Aquitaine, readily accepted her as John's wife. On 1 October 1207 at Winchester Castle, Isabella gave birth to a son and heir, named Henry III after the King's father, Henry II. He was quickly followed by another son, Richard, and three daughters, Joan, Isabella, and Eleanor. All five children survived into adulthood and made illustrious marriages; all but Joan produced offspring of their own. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/allthingsplantagenet/support

Episode 208 - Plantagenet Queens - Berengaria of Navarre - Part 02

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 21, 2019 31:33

Berengaria of Navarre (Basque: Berengela, Spanish: Berenguela, French: Bérengère; c. 1165–1170 – 23 December 1230) was queen of England as the wife of Richard I of England. She was the eldest daughter of Sancho VI of Navarre and Sancha of Castile. As is the case with many of the medieval English queens, relatively little is known of her life. Traditionally known as "the only English queen never to set foot in the country", she may in fact have visited the country after her husband's death, but did not do so before, nor did she see much of him during her marriage, which was childless. She did (unusually for the wife of a Crusader) accompany him on the start of the Third Crusade, but mostly lived in his French possessions, where she gave generously to the church, despite difficulties in collecting the pension she was due from Richard's brother and successor John after she became a widow. In 1185, Berengaria was given the fief of Monreal by her father. Eleanor of Aquitaine promoted the engagement of Berengaria to her son, Richard the Lionheart. An alliance with Navarre meant protection for the southern borders of Eleanor's Duchy of Aquitaine, and helped create better relations with neighbouring Castile whose queen was Eleanor, a sister of Richard. Also, Navarre had assimilated the troubadour culture of Aquitaine and Berengaria's reputation was unbesmirched. It seems that Berengaria and Richard did in fact meet once, years before their marriage, and writers have claimed that there was an attraction between them at that time. In 1190, Eleanor met Sancho in Pamplona and he hosted a banquet in the Royal Palace of Olite in her honour. The betrothal could not be celebrated openly, for Richard had been betrothed for many years to Alys, half-sister of King Philip II of France. Richard terminated his betrothal to Alys in 1190 while at Messina. It has been suggested that Alys had become the mistress of Richard's own father, Henry II of England, and possibly the mother of an illegitimate child; a marriage between Richard and Alys therefore would have been technically impossible for religious reasons of affinity. Richard had Berengaria brought to him by his mother Eleanor of Aquitaine. Because Richard was already on the Third Crusade, having wasted no time in setting off after his coronation, the two women had a long and difficult journey to catch up with him. They arrived at Messina in Sicily during Lent (when the marriage could not take place) in 1191 and were joined by Richard's sister Joan, the widowed queen of Sicily. The two women became good friends and Berengaria was left in Joan's custody. En route to the Holy Land, the ship carrying Berengaria and Joan ran aground off the coast of Cyprus, and they were threatened by the island's ruler, Isaac Comnenus. Richard came to their rescue, captured the island, and overthrew Comnenus. Berengaria married Richard the Lionheart on 12 May 1191, in the Chapel of St. George at Limassol on Cyprus, and was crowned the same day by the Archbishop of Bordeaux and Bishops of Évreux and Bayonne. Whether the marriage was ever even consummated is a matter for conjecture. In any case, Richard certainly took his new wife with him for the first part of the Third Crusade. This was unusual, although Richard's mother and Berengaria's predecessor, Eleanor of Aquitaine, had, when queen of France, been with her husband throughout the Second Crusade, though the stresses and disputes of the unsuccessful campaign did serious damage to their relationship. Berengaria returned well before Richard left the Holy Land; on his return to Europe he was captured and imprisoned. Berengaria remained in Europe, based at Beaufort-en-Vallée, attempting to raise money for his ransom. After his release, Richard returned to England and was not joined by his wife. When Richard returned to England, he had to regain all the territory that had either been lost by his brother John or taken by King Philip of France. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/allthingsplantagenet/support

Episode 207 - Plantagenet Queens - Berengaria of Navarre - Part 01

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 21, 2019 27:56

Berengaria of Navarre (Basque: Berengela, Spanish: Berenguela, French: Bérengère; c. 1165–1170 – 23 December 1230) was queen of England as the wife of Richard I of England. She was the eldest daughter of Sancho VI of Navarre and Sancha of Castile. As is the case with many of the medieval English queens, relatively little is known of her life. Traditionally known as "the only English queen never to set foot in the country", she may in fact have visited the country after her husband's death, but did not do so before, nor did she see much of him during her marriage, which was childless. She did (unusually for the wife of a Crusader) accompany him on the start of the Third Crusade, but mostly lived in his French possessions, where she gave generously to the church, despite difficulties in collecting the pension she was due from Richard's brother and successor John after she became a widow. In 1185, Berengaria was given the fief of Monreal by her father. Eleanor of Aquitaine promoted the engagement of Berengaria to her son, Richard the Lionheart. An alliance with Navarre meant protection for the southern borders of Eleanor's Duchy of Aquitaine, and helped create better relations with neighbouring Castile whose queen was Eleanor, a sister of Richard. Also, Navarre had assimilated the troubadour culture of Aquitaine and Berengaria's reputation was unbesmirched. It seems that Berengaria and Richard did in fact meet once, years before their marriage, and writers have claimed that there was an attraction between them at that time. In 1190, Eleanor met Sancho in Pamplona and he hosted a banquet in the Royal Palace of Olite in her honour. The betrothal could not be celebrated openly, for Richard had been betrothed for many years to Alys, half-sister of King Philip II of France. Richard terminated his betrothal to Alys in 1190 while at Messina. It has been suggested that Alys had become the mistress of Richard's own father, Henry II of England, and possibly the mother of an illegitimate child; a marriage between Richard and Alys therefore would have been technically impossible for religious reasons of affinity. Richard had Berengaria brought to him by his mother Eleanor of Aquitaine. Because Richard was already on the Third Crusade, having wasted no time in setting off after his coronation, the two women had a long and difficult journey to catch up with him. They arrived at Messina in Sicily during Lent (when the marriage could not take place) in 1191 and were joined by Richard's sister Joan, the widowed queen of Sicily. The two women became good friends and Berengaria was left in Joan's custody. En route to the Holy Land, the ship carrying Berengaria and Joan ran aground off the coast of Cyprus, and they were threatened by the island's ruler, Isaac Comnenus. Richard came to their rescue, captured the island, and overthrew Comnenus. Berengaria married Richard the Lionheart on 12 May 1191, in the Chapel of St. George at Limassol on Cyprus, and was crowned the same day by the Archbishop of Bordeaux and Bishops of Évreux and Bayonne. Whether the marriage was ever even consummated is a matter for conjecture. In any case, Richard certainly took his new wife with him for the first part of the Third Crusade. This was unusual, although Richard's mother and Berengaria's predecessor, Eleanor of Aquitaine, had, when queen of France, been with her husband throughout the Second Crusade, though the stresses and disputes of the unsuccessful campaign did serious damage to their relationship. Berengaria returned well before Richard left the Holy Land; on his return to Europe he was captured and imprisoned. Berengaria remained in Europe, based at Beaufort-en-Vallée, attempting to raise money for his ransom. After his release, Richard returned to England and was not joined by his wife. When Richard returned to England, he had to regain all the territory that had either been lost by his brother John or taken by King Philip of France. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/allthingsplantagenet/support

Episode 139 - The Plantagenets - King Henry II

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 16, 2019 26:08

Henry II (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189), also known as Henry Curtmantle (French: Court-manteau), Henry FitzEmpress or Henry Plantagenet, ruled as King of England, Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine, Count of Anjou, Maine, and Nantes; at various times, he also partially controlled Scotland, Wales and the Duchy of Brittany. Before he was 40 he controlled England, large parts of Wales, the eastern half of Ireland and the western half of France—an area that would later come to be called the Angevin Empire. Henry was the son of Geoffrey of Anjou and Matilda, daughter of Henry I of England. He became actively involved by the age of 14 in his mother's efforts to claim the throne of England, then occupied by Stephen of Blois, and was made Duke of Normandy at 17. He inherited Anjou in 1151 and shortly afterwards became the Duke of Aquitaine by marrying Eleanor of Aquitaine, whose marriage to Louis VII of France had recently been annulled. Stephen agreed to a peace treaty after Henry's military expedition to England in 1153, and Henry inherited the kingdom on Stephen's death a year later. Henry was an energetic and sometimes ruthless ruler, driven by a desire to restore the lands and privileges of his grandfather Henry I. During the early years of his reign the younger Henry restored the royal administration in England, re-established hegemony over Wales and gained full control over his lands in Anjou, Maine and Touraine. Henry's desire to reform the relationship with the Church led to conflict with his former friend Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury. This controversy lasted for much of the 1160s and resulted in Becket's murder in 1170. Henry soon came into conflict with Louis VII and the two rulers fought what has been termed a "cold war" over several decades. Henry expanded his empire, often at Louis' expense, taking Brittany and pushing east into central France and south into Toulouse; despite numerous peace conferences and treaties, no lasting agreement was reached. Henry and Eleanor had eight children—three daughters and five sons. Three of his sons would be king, though Henry the Young King was named his father's co-ruler rather than a stand-alone king. As the sons grew up, tensions over the future inheritance of the empire began to emerge, encouraged by Louis and his son King Philip II. In 1173 Henry's heir apparent, "Young Henry", rebelled in protest; he was joined by his brothers Richard (later a king) and Geoffrey and by their mother, Eleanor. France, Scotland, Brittany, Flanders, and Boulogne allied themselves with the rebels. The Great Revolt was only defeated by Henry's vigorous military action and talented local commanders, many of them "new men" appointed for their loyalty and administrative skills. Young Henry and Geoffrey revolted again in 1183, resulting in Young Henry's death. The Norman invasion of Ireland provided lands for his youngest son John (later a king), but Henry struggled to find ways to satisfy all his sons' desires for land and immediate power. By 1189, Young Henry and Geoffrey were dead, and Philip successfully played on Richard's fears that Henry II would make John king, leading to a final rebellion. Decisively defeated by Philip and Richard and suffering from a bleeding ulcer, Henry retreated to Chinon castle in Anjou. He died soon afterwards and was succeeded by Richard. Henry's empire quickly collapsed during the reign of his son John, but many of the changes Henry introduced during his long rule had long-term consequences. Henry's legal changes are generally considered to have laid the basis for the English Common Law, while his intervention in Brittany, Wales, and Scotland shaped the development of their societies and governmental systems. Historical interpretations of Henry's reign have changed considerably over time. In the 18th century, scholars argued that Henry was a driving force in the creation of a genuinely English monarchy and, ultimately, a unified Britain. During the Victorian ex --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/allthingsplantagenet/support

Episode 103 - Biography of King Henry II - Audiopedia - Part 02

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 14, 2019 41:25

Henry II (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189), also known as Henry Curtmantle (French: Court-manteau), Henry FitzEmpress or Henry Plantagenet, ruled as King of England, Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine, Count of Anjou, Maine, and Nantes; at various times, he also partially controlled Scotland, Wales and the Duchy of Brittany. Before he was 40 he controlled England, large parts of Wales, the eastern half of Ireland and the western half of France—an area that would later come to be called the Angevin Empire. Henry was the son of Geoffrey of Anjou and Matilda, daughter of Henry I of England. He became actively involved by the age of 14 in his mother's efforts to claim the throne of England, then occupied by Stephen of Blois, and was made Duke of Normandy at 17. He inherited Anjou in 1151 and shortly afterwards became the Duke of Aquitaine by marrying Eleanor of Aquitaine, whose marriage to Louis VII of France had recently been annulled. Stephen agreed to a peace treaty after Henry's military expedition to England in 1153, and Henry inherited the kingdom on Stephen's death a year later. Henry was an energetic and sometimes ruthless ruler, driven by a desire to restore the lands and privileges of his grandfather Henry I. During the early years of his reign the younger Henry restored the royal administration in England, re-established hegemony over Wales and gained full control over his lands in Anjou, Maine and Touraine. Henry's desire to reform the relationship with the Church led to conflict with his former friend Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury. This controversy lasted for much of the 1160s and resulted in Becket's murder in 1170. Henry soon came into conflict with Louis VII and the two rulers fought what has been termed a "cold war" over several decades. Henry expanded his empire, often at Louis' expense, taking Brittany and pushing east into central France and south into Toulouse; despite numerous peace conferences and treaties, no lasting agreement was reached. Henry and Eleanor had eight children—three daughters and five sons. Three of his sons would be king, though Henry the Young King was named his father's co-ruler rather than a stand-alone king. As the sons grew up, tensions over the future inheritance of the empire began to emerge, encouraged by Louis and his son King Philip II. In 1173 Henry's heir apparent, "Young Henry", rebelled in protest; he was joined by his brothers Richard (later a king) and Geoffrey and by their mother, Eleanor. France, Scotland, Brittany, Flanders, and Boulogne allied themselves with the rebels. The Great Revolt was only defeated by Henry's vigorous military action and talented local commanders, many of them "new men" appointed for their loyalty and administrative skills. Young Henry and Geoffrey revolted again in 1183, resulting in Young Henry's death. The Norman invasion of Ireland provided lands for his youngest son John (later a king), but Henry struggled to find ways to satisfy all his sons' desires for land and immediate power. By 1189, Young Henry and Geoffrey were dead, and Philip successfully played on Richard's fears that Henry II would make John king, leading to a final rebellion. Decisively defeated by Philip and Richard and suffering from a bleeding ulcer, Henry retreated to Chinon castle in Anjou. He died soon afterwards and was succeeded by Richard. Henry's empire quickly collapsed during the reign of his son John, but many of the changes Henry introduced during his long rule had long-term consequences. Henry's legal changes are generally considered to have laid the basis for the English Common Law, while his intervention in Brittany, Wales, and Scotland shaped the development of their societies and governmental systems. Historical interpretations of Henry's reign have changed considerably over time. In the 18th century, scholars argued that Henry was a driving force in the creation of a genuinely English monarchy and, ultimately, a unified Britain. During the Victorian ex --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/allthingsplantagenet/support

Episode 100 - King Henry II - A Biography

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 14, 2019 45:53

Henry II (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189), also known as Henry Curtmantle (French: Court-manteau), Henry FitzEmpress or Henry Plantagenet, ruled as King of England, Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine, Count of Anjou, Maine, and Nantes; at various times, he also partially controlled Scotland, Wales and the Duchy of Brittany. Before he was 40 he controlled England, large parts of Wales, the eastern half of Ireland and the western half of France—an area that would later come to be called the Angevin Empire. Henry was the son of Geoffrey of Anjou and Matilda, daughter of Henry I of England. He became actively involved by the age of 14 in his mother's efforts to claim the throne of England, then occupied by Stephen of Blois, and was made Duke of Normandy at 17. He inherited Anjou in 1151 and shortly afterwards became the Duke of Aquitaine by marrying Eleanor of Aquitaine, whose marriage to Louis VII of France had recently been annulled. Stephen agreed to a peace treaty after Henry's military expedition to England in 1153, and Henry inherited the kingdom on Stephen's death a year later. Henry was an energetic and sometimes ruthless ruler, driven by a desire to restore the lands and privileges of his grandfather Henry I. During the early years of his reign the younger Henry restored the royal administration in England, re-established hegemony over Wales and gained full control over his lands in Anjou, Maine and Touraine. Henry's desire to reform the relationship with the Church led to conflict with his former friend Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury. This controversy lasted for much of the 1160s and resulted in Becket's murder in 1170. Henry soon came into conflict with Louis VII and the two rulers fought what has been termed a "cold war" over several decades. Henry expanded his empire, often at Louis' expense, taking Brittany and pushing east into central France and south into Toulouse; despite numerous peace conferences and treaties, no lasting agreement was reached. Henry and Eleanor had eight children—three daughters and five sons. Three of his sons would be king, though Henry the Young King was named his father's co-ruler rather than a stand-alone king. As the sons grew up, tensions over the future inheritance of the empire began to emerge, encouraged by Louis and his son King Philip II. In 1173 Henry's heir apparent, "Young Henry", rebelled in protest; he was joined by his brothers Richard (later a king) and Geoffrey and by their mother, Eleanor. France, Scotland, Brittany, Flanders, and Boulogne allied themselves with the rebels. The Great Revolt was only defeated by Henry's vigorous military action and talented local commanders, many of them "new men" appointed for their loyalty and administrative skills. Young Henry and Geoffrey revolted again in 1183, resulting in Young Henry's death. The Norman invasion of Ireland provided lands for his youngest son John (later a king), but Henry struggled to find ways to satisfy all his sons' desires for land and immediate power. By 1189, Young Henry and Geoffrey were dead, and Philip successfully played on Richard's fears that Henry II would make John king, leading to a final rebellion. Decisively defeated by Philip and Richard and suffering from a bleeding ulcer, Henry retreated to Chinon castle in Anjou. He died soon afterwards and was succeeded by Richard. Henry's empire quickly collapsed during the reign of his son John, but many of the changes Henry introduced during his long rule had long-term consequences. Henry's legal changes are generally considered to have laid the basis for the English Common Law, while his intervention in Brittany, Wales, and Scotland shaped the development of their societies and governmental systems. Historical interpretations of Henry's reign have changed considerably over time. In the 18th century, scholars argued that Henry was a driving force in the creation of a genuinely English monarchy and, ultimately, a unified Britain. During the Victorian ex --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/allthingsplantagenet/support

Episode 102 - Biography of King Henry II - Audopedia - Part 01