Podcasts about Mayo Clinic Health System

In this episode, Dr. Prathibha Varkey, President of Mayo Clinic Health System & Professor of Medicine and Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, discusses the organization's focus on integration, patient experience, and leveraging AI to revolutionize healthcare. From workforce expansion to cutting-edge technologies for early disease detection, she shares key accomplishments and strategic goals for 2025.

A super informative and interesting interview with Dr. Prathibha Varkey, the President of the Mayo Clinic Health System. Dr. Varkey leads over 17,000 employees serving 16 community hospitals and 50 multispecialty clinics across 39 communities in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Dr. Varkey is a Professor of Medicine and Preventive Medicine at Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science.

Perché durante la corsa sentiamo fitte al fianco, comunemente chiamate "male alla milza"? Esploriamo le cause di questo fastidioso dolore e scopriamo le migliori strategie per prevenirlo e alleviarlo, utili per tutti i runners. Vediamo come allenare il core e migliorare la tua tecnica di respirazione per ridurre il rischio di fitte addominali. Segui Postura Da Paura su Instagram e Facebook per trovare altri consigli e informazioni per vivere una vita più equilibrata e serena. Per noi il movimento è una medicina naturale, visita il sito www.posturadapaura.com per trovare il programma di allenamento più adatto alle tue esigenze. Come promesso ecco le fonti citate durante la puntata: Morton, Darren, and Robin Callister. “Exercise-related transient abdominal pain (ETAP).” Sports medicine 45.1 (2015): 23-35. Shephard, Roy J. “Responses of the human spleen to exercise.” Journal of sports sciences 34.10 (2016): 929-936. Mayo Clinic Health System staff, “Q&A: The science behind weird body reactions”, Mayo Clinics, 27/07/2018 Duncan, Lynn A. “Unraveling Side Stitches.” The Physician and Sportsmedicine 29.4 (2001): 66-66.

Endometriosis (commonly referred to as “Endo”) has a global impact on females of reproductive age. According to the World Health Organization, it affects about 10% of women and girls. What we know as doctors and practitioners who treat people who have endometriosis, is that it is extremely difficult to arrive at this diagnosis due to various various factors.  On average it can take more than 5 years of someone suffering before they have an idea that endometriosis might be the cause. One of the most preventable factors is simply education around what the condition really is, how it can be identified, how it can be clinically diagnosed, and the many ways that its symptoms can be managed.Our guest today is the renowned Dr. Madhu Bagaria. After two rigorous OBGYN residencies and a prestigious 2-year fellowship in minimally invasive gynecological surgery at Mayo Clinic Arizona (where she trained under world-renowned experts like Drs. Louie, Yi, Wasson, Magtibay and Butler), Dr. Bagaria is now the leading specialist in endometriosis at Pelvic Rehabilitation Medicine in NYC. She currently is one of the few people in the world who provides the latest type of laparoscopic excision surgery for endometriosis. Throughout her career, Dr. Bagaria has developed a deep understanding of pelvic pain and endometriosis, conditions that can significantly impact the lives of women. She is a strong advocate for patient education and empowerment, believing that women should be actively involved in making decisions about their healthcare.Dr Bagaria's diverse specializations (minimally invasive gynecology, urogynecology, gynecologic oncology) allow her to provide innovative and compassionate treatment for your pelvic health needs. Before dedicating her practice to pelvic pain and endometriosis, Dr. Bagaria gained valuable experience as a generalist at Mayo Clinic Health System at Austin, MN for 6 years. During this time, she developed a comprehensive understanding of women's health issues, providing care for a wide range of gynecological conditions.Connect with her at:pelvicrehabilitation.com

On April 16th, AI Ireland founder Mark Kelly hosted and moderated the "Improving Health Outcomes Through AI" at the National Healthcare Outcomes Conference at the RCSI (Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland).  In the coming weeks, we will share bite-sized podcasts of the conference talks to inspire others about the possibilities of AI in healthcare. In today's episode, our guest is Prathibha Varkey, President of Mayo Clinic Health System. Topics include: Mayo Clinic's dedication to patient-centric care. Delivering outstanding healthcare, particularly in rural areas. Using AI to solve challenges such as workforce shortages and limited access to specialists Importance of executive leadership and education in embracing technology. Embracing a culture of technological advancement in healthcare. Engaging stakeholders to explore AI's potential in healthcare. Addressing pitfalls associated with integrating AI into the healthcare system.

Host: Nicole Nfonoyim-Hara Guest: Sumit Bhagra, M.D. On this episode of the RISE for Equity podcast, Dr. Sumit Bhagra joins host, Nicole Nfonoyim-Hara, to discuss the topic of the issue of weight bias in healthcare and its profound health implications. Delving into the roots of weight bias, the discussion explores its detrimental effects on both physical and psychological well-being, examines responses to weight bias from both doctors' and patients' point of view, and advocates for actionable changes that can be implemented to support patients in achieving optimal health, no matter their size. Learn more at https://mcpress.mayoclinic.org/rise-for-equity/ About our Guest: Sumit Bhagra, M.D. is an endocrinologist and site lead physician in Albert Lea and Austin, Minnesota. He serves as the Medical Director for Contracting and Payer Relations for Mayo Clinic Health System. Follow him on Twitter @SumitBhagraMD or on LinkedIn. Connect with the Mayo Clinic's School of Continuous Professional Development online at https://ce.mayo.edu/ or on Twitter @MayoMedEd.  “As we look at how we've dismantled all the biases and the isms, weight bias is probably the most acceptable of the biases in our community. You don't have to do much. Just look at any TV show or movie, and you'll still see people being mocked because of their body weight. It's the last of the isms standing, and we've got to work really hard to dismantle that as well.” —Sumit Bhagra, M.D. “If we introspect into the origin of the bias, we'll notice that the belief that people are 100 percent in control of their body weight is probably the basis for the bias. Because if we truly understand the systemic nature of any health problems, particularly weight gain, we can probably empathize more with the person who lives in a larger body as opposed to blaming them for being in that shape.” — Sumit Bhagra, M.D.

For some in rural Minnesota, it continues to get more challenging to find a hospital to give birth. On Friday, labor and delivery services at Mayo Clinic Health System in New Prague will come to an end. And union teachers with St. Paul Public Schools will vote next week on whether to authorize a strike. This is an MPR News morning update, hosted by Phil Picardi. Music by Gary Meister.

Save 20% on all Nuzest Products WORLDWIDE with the code MIKKIPEDIA at www.nuzest.co.nz, www.nuzest.com.au or www.nuzest.comThis week on the podcast Mikki speaks to Dr Andrew Jagim about the value of energy drinks. There are literally hundreds of different choices available, and while they may seem like the domain of the sleep deprived or of the adolescent gamer, there's more to them than just leaving you wired. They do a deep dive into the ins and outs, based on a position statement released by the international sports science and nutrition group, as to what the science says is worth purchasing, and what is best left on the shelf. They discuss the ingredients that have a real sports performance benefit, the timing of consumption in order to optimise their benefits, what athletes should look for in their ideal multi-ingredient drink, what the potential risks are (and for whom) and the appropriateness of them for an adolescent population. Dr. Jagim is currently the Director of Sport Medicine Research for the Mayo Clinic Health System in La Crosse, Wisconsin and an Associate Professor of Family Medicine. Dr. Jagim completed his PhD in Kinesiology with an emphasis in Exercise Physiology at Texas A&M University. Andrew is also a certified strength & conditioning specialist with distinction through the National Strength & Conditioning Association and a certified sports nutritionist through the International Society of Sports Nutrition. His primary research area focuses on nutritional requirements, knowledge and dietary intake of athletes and how these factors influence performance and health. Dr. Jagim also studies the physiological demands of various sports and how they pertain to injury, recovery status and performance. He also has a focused interest on the safety and efficacy of dietary supplements. This work has led to several publications in peer reviewed journals, and presentations at national conference events. Biography: https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/providers/andrew-jagim-phdPosition statement discussed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36862943/  Contact Mikki:https://mikkiwilliden.com/https://www.facebook.com/mikkiwillidennutritionhttps://www.instagram.com/mikkiwilliden/https://linktr.ee/mikkiwillidenCurranz supplement: MIKKI saves you 25% at www.curranz.co.nz or www.curranz.co.uk ooff your first order

Dr. Prathibha Varkey, President of Mayo Clinic Health System joins the podcast to discuss her background, trends shaping the industry, vision for growth Mayo Clinic's role on the forefront of digital transformation, and the future of AI in the medical field.

To kick off the year 2024, the Fire Headlines team presents the most-listened episode of 2023. Enjoy the discussion and be sure to tune in next week for a brand new episode of Fire Headlines. The Mayo Clinic Health System and the La Crosse Fire Department in Wisconsin have joined forces in a sports science collaboration. Utilizing technology-based systems, they are assessing the mobility of each firefighter to create personalized exercise regimes to improve strength and stamina. Firefighting requires a combination of physical fitness and endurance, yet the definition of physical fitness can vary for each individual. Dr. Kelly Morgan, our guest expert, shares her insight on the important parts of fitness, including body composition measurement and the development of tailored training regimens.

Recorded live at the 11th Annual Becker's Healthcare CEO + CFO Roundtable, this episode features Jim Wilson, CFO at Mayo Clinic Health System.  Here, he discusses the tough environment of payer/provider relations, the high denial landscape, the slowdown in payment rates, and more.This episode is brought to you by R1 RCM, a leading provider of technology-driven solutions that transform the financial performance of hospitals, health systems, and medical groups. R1 delivers proven, scalable operating models that power sustainable improvements to net patient revenue, while reducing operating costs. To learn how you can build a future-ready revenue cycle today, visit us at www.r1rcm.com/beckers 

Join us for a conversation with Chris Hasse, Chief Administrative Office of Mayo Clinic Health System, as he shares his career journey. In this podcast, Chris discusses the topic of work-life integration and how he approaches his career as a calling. He also dives into obtaining and maintaining the FACHE credential, and the importance of … Continue reading Episode 30: Member spotlight – Chris Hasse, CAO, Mayo Clinic Health System →

Listen for an update from MAPA's Legislative Committee members about the recently passed legislative changes that occurred over the past few years, including the PA Modernization Act and the PA Harmonization Act. You'll also hear what the Legislative Committee is currently working on in regards to the PA Compact as well as PAs working in mental health. Learn what you can do to advocate for our PA profession such as joining us for PA Day on the Hill! Do you have questions about MAPA's legislative efforts or about becoming involved with MAPA's Legislative Committee? Reach out by sending an email to mapa.advocate@gmail.com with your questions!Guests: Leslie Clayton DMSc, PA-C, DFAAPA is the current Program Director of Advanced Practice Providers for M Health Fairview. She has been in practice for over 25 years with the majority spent in primary care. In addition to clinical practice, and administrative leadership, she is also an adjunct assistant professor at Saint Catherine University Master of PA Studies Program.  PA Clayton currently serves on the Board of Directors for the American Academy of Physician Associates as the First Vice-Speaker of the House of Delegates.  She has served the MN Academy as a past president and legislative co-chair, as well as several other committees.  She remains a legislative committee member to continue to support the ongoing advocacy efforts on behalf of the PA profession. Becky Ness, PA-C, MPAS, DFAAPA is a nephrology PA with Mayo Clinic Health System, SWMN, current MAPA legislative committee member, former legislative committee co-chair, former MAPA president, and former MAPA HOD/chief delegate.  Alannah Zheng, MSPA, PA-C, CLC is an OBGYN PA with Allina Health. Within MAPA she serves as the chair of the Legislative & Reimbursement Committee, a Delegate to the AAPA HOD, and a committee member on the CME and Scholarship Committees. She is a past Director-at-Large. Host: Katarina Astrup, MSPAS, PA-C is a telepsychiatry PA with Minnesota Clinic for Health and Wellness. She is a Director-At-Large for MAPA and serves on the Social Media and Marketing Committee. 

Dr. Candice discusses the importance of DEI in children's health with Pediatrician and Chair of Diversity and Inclusion of the Mayo Clinic Health System, Dr. Nusheen Ameenuddin.

A sports science collaboration between Mayo Clinic Health System and the La Crosse, WI, Fire Department is using technology-based systems to test each firefighter's mobility and establish an optimized, personalized exercise regime to improve strength and stamina. While firefighting requires physical fitness and endurance, what physical fitness looks like for an individual can vary. Guest expert Dr. Kelly Morgan shares her insight into the important parts of fitness, body composition measurement, and tailored training regimens. You can email Fire Headlines at fireheadlines@wfca.com Visit wfca.com/fire-headlines-podcast/. Sign up for the Daily Dispatch to get the FREE daily newsletter of articles like these in your area, as well as industry developments and trends, at www.dailydispatch.com.

This week on Finding Your Bliss, Life Coach and Bliss Expert Judy Librach is joined by Dr. Nita Landry! Dr. Nita Landry, known as

Today's guest is Hailey Ryfinski, RN, the director of outpatient CDI at Mayo Clinic Health System throughout the Midwest. Today's show is part of the “Leadership with Linnea” series. In every episode of this series, ACDIS Associate Editorial Director Linnea Archibald is joined by one guest from the ACDIS Leadership Council ranks or a contributor from one of our ACDIS publications to discuss a topic relevant to leaders in the industry, whether or not they currently hold a traditional management title. Our intro and outro music for the ACDIS Podcast is “medianoche” by Dee Yan-Kay and our ad music is “Take Me Higher” by Jahzzar, both obtained from the Free Music Archive. Have questions about today's show or ideas for a future episode? Contact the ACDIS team at info@acdis.org. CEU info: Each ACDIS Podcast episode now offers 0.5 ACDIS CEUs which can be used toward recertifying your CCDS or CCDS-O credential for those who listen to the show in the first two days from the time of publication. To receive your 0.5 CEUs, go to the show page on acdis.org, by clicking on the “ACDIS Podcast” link located under the “Resources” tab. To take the evaluation, click the most recent episode from the list on the podcast homepage, view the podcast recording at the bottom of that show page, and click the live link at the very end after the music has ended. Your certificate will be automatically emailed to you upon submitting the brief evaluation. The cut-off for today's episode CEU is Friday, March 31, at 11:00 p.m. eastern. After that point, the CEU period will close, and you will not be eligible for the 0.5 CEUs for this week's episode. Today's sponsor: For the first time since 2019, the ACDIS Symposium: Outpatient CDI is back for an in-person experience! The ACDIS Symposium takes place immediately before the ACDIS national conference at the Hyatt Regency Chicago, May 7-8, 2023. Learn more and register today by clicking here! (http://ow.ly/g5wg50NgQaR) ACDIS update: Complete the 2023 ACDIS Membership Survey by March 31 and enter to win a giveaway! (https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/2023ACDISmembership) Send any submissions for the CDI Journal to the ACDIS team at info@acdis.org or to Associate Editorial Director Linnea Archibald and Jess Fluegel (larchibald@acdis.org, jfluegel@acdis.org)! Learn about all the upcoming CDI Journal editions, topics, and deadlines! (http://ow.ly/jNCk50NtZnU) Register for the 2023 ACDIS national conference, the 2023 ACDIS Symposium: Outpatient CDI, or the Physician Advisor Pre-Conference! (http://ow.ly/oExG50NgQ6g, http://ow.ly/g5wg50NgQaR, http://ow.ly/Tu5g50NgQej) Book your hotel room for the ACDIS national conference, ACDIS Symposium, and/or the Physician Advisor Pre-Conference by the room block cut-off date of April 14! Guests can visit https://www.hyatt.com/en-US/group-booking/CHIRC/G-EACD or call 800-223-1234 and reference the ACDIS conference.

Dr. Lorie Gull, Manager of Pharmacy Operations at UMass Memorial Medical Center and Dr. John Folstad, Pharmacy Operations Manager at Mayo Clinic Health System share their insights on the accelerating shift of eligible patient care out of an in-patient setting, pre and post COVID-19. They also discuss how treating acute care patients through hospital at home programs early adopters are demonstrating success.   Guest speakers: Lorie Gull, BSPharm, MBA, DPLA Manager, Pharmacy Operations UMass Memorial Medical Center   John Folstad, PharmD Pharmacy Operations Manager Mayo Clinic Health System, Eau Claire   Moderator: Gretchen Brummel, PharmD, BCPS Pharmacy Executive Director Vizient Center for Pharmacy Practice Excellence   Show Notes: [01:35 -2:47] What is a Hospital at Home program [02:48-4:35] How patients are admitted to H@H programs [04:36-5:46] How pharmacy services are incorporated in H@H [05:47-07:15] How Mayo and UMass programs have developed [07:16-07:52] Why are these relatively new programs [07:53-09:22] Pharmacy specific challenges [09:23-10:00] How payers are managing Hospital at Home patients [10:01-10:51] Approaches to dispensing controlled substances [10:52-11:13] Challenges that preclude admitting patients [11:14-12:01] Position of regulatory agencies [12:02-12:45] What should frontline pharmacists know about H@H [12:46-15:10] Pearls for success [15:11-16:09] The future of H@H programs   Links | Resources: Hospital-level care for adult patients where they live | Hospital at Home (hahusersgroup.org) Acute Hospital Care at Home (cms.gov) Hospital-at-Home (ashp.org) CMS Announces Comprehensive Strategy to Enhance Hospital Capacity Amid COVID-19 Surge | CMS   Subscribe Today! Apple Podcasts Amazon Podcasts Google Podcasts Spotify Stitcher Android RSS Feed

Like all patients, military veterans bring their unique experiences and backgrounds with them as they navigate medical and end-of-life care. At Mayo Clinic, programs are in place to honor military service and care for veterans.Mayo Clinic Hospice is a partner of the We Honor Veterans Program run by the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization. The Hospice team provides the high level of medical, emotional, spiritual and social care that those who have served in the U.S. armed forces deserve. Team members recognize and honor the hospice patient's military service with a veteran pinning ceremony. Ceremonies are provided after approval by the patient and family and can include anyone whom the military member and family would like to participate, along with the hospice team.“It's just a small, simple way of saying thank you to a veteran,” says Loren Olson, a chaplain with Mayo Clinic Hospice. “We bring a pillowcase that represents their branch of the service and a small pin that they could put on a lapel, or a lot of them put them on their military hats. We bring a coin and a certificate from Mayo Clinic expressing our appreciation and we invite them to share their experiences in the military.”Building on the We Honor Veterans program, Charlie Hall, a Mayo Clinic security operations supervisor, helped develop a "Final Honor Walk" for deceased veterans at his Mayo Clinic Health System location in La Crosse, Wisconsin.Hall served in the Army as an active-duty rifleman with a combat tour to the Balkans and as a paratrooper with close to 100 military parachute jumps. In addition to his role as a security supervisor, Hall and his team in La Crosse meet with families of deceased veterans to arrange a “Final Honor Walk," where family and staff line the hallway to honor veterans while they are moved out of the hospital room in a flagged-draped cart. “The final honor walk is something that I wanted to develop,” explains Hall. “I had worked with the We Honor Veterans program in Rochester, with hospice, and the near-end-of-life things with veterans, all the great things they do there. I had the privilege of doing that, but I saw us being able to do a little bit more in an inpatient setting.” In addition to care at the end of life, it's important to acknowledge the unique needs of veterans every day in the clinical setting. Issues including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders are more common among veterans than the general population, and they often go hand in hand. More than 2 in 10 veterans with PTSD also have a substance use disorder, according to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. “If a veteran is wearing a hat that signifies their veteran's status if you will, that to me is the OK to come up and thank them for their service,” says Hall. “And I do that routinely here. It's usually a surprise to the veteran. They're usually extremely grateful. Probably the No. 1 thing is to acknowledge them. It's so important to make people feel at ease when care is coming, especially when there are some complex situations with medical care. There are some very sensitive conversations that have to happen. We all know that happens so much easier when we have great rapport with our patients.”“Honoring veterans is part of the culture at Mayo Clinic, at least in my experience,” says Olson. “One of the first things I learned as I came to work the hospice program was that We Honor Veterans partnership with the Veterans Administration is important to us. We want to spend time honoring our veterans. So I do think we have developed a corporate culture that just helps us to think of the specific needs of our veterans.” On this special Veterans Day edition of the Mayo Clinic Q&A podcast, Olson and Hall join host, Dr. Halena Gazelka, for a conversation on caring for veterans.

View more fiscal resiliency resources for higher education institutions: https://www.bakertilly.com/insights/fiscal-resiliency-resources-for-higher-educationLearn more about P3 opportunities: https://www.bakertilly.com/specialties/public-private-partnershipsSubscribe to Higher Ed Advisor: https://connect.bakertilly.com/higher-ed-advisor-podcastConnect with us on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/bakertillyus/Learn more about the University of Wisconsin Eau-Claire: https://www.uwec.edu/ 

“Red Wing Chamber Chat” Jack Colwell speaks with Red Wing Chamber of Commerce Executive Director Michelle Larson about a preview of the AM Expresso event October 7 at Mayo Clinic Health System, registration now open for the upcoming Business Expo, Fall Arts Festival preview for this weekend October 8-9, and Manufacturing Month (October) information for the Red Wing business community.

In this episode, Dr. Austin interviews Dr. Gende, a former nurse, now a physician with a varied career in both emergency medicine and sports medicine. We discuss her path from nursing to medicine, and insights on interactions between nurses and doctors. We discuss her strategies for staying fulfilled in medicine and being healthy.Alecia Gende, DO, CAQSM is currently working at Mayo Clinic Health System in La Crosse, WI. She is an Assistant Professor of Orthopedics, and splits her time evenly between Emergency Medicine and Sports Medicine. She is the head team physician for Saint Mary's University in Winona, MN, Team physician for US Ski and Snowboard.She completed medical school at Midwestern University/Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine. She then went on to  Emergency Medicine residency at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics and was Chief Resident. She completed a  fellowship in Primary Care Sports Medicine at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. She is professionally interested in US guided procedures, specifically MSK procedures, sideline medicine, education and culture change and leadership (AAWEP involvement)She served in the US Navy Nurse Corps officer from 2004-2008. She deployed to Camp Lemonier, Djibouti, Africa, and Al Asad, Iraq in support of OIF/OEF, and served in Al Asad as the lead flight nurse. Her hometown is Princeton, WI, where she is still connected to the VFW post. She serves as race director for VFW Run for Sam 10K which she created in honor of our former post commander. Run for Sam benefits a scholarship for local students pursuing an education in healthcare. They have awarded over $12K. She enjoys spending time with her husband and kids, family overall, sitting and chatting, coffee, CrossFit, weight-lifting, running, hunting, hiking, and farming!

Key Takeaways:  Understand the anatomy of your knees before any discussion of treatment and pain prevention.  Learn about the bones and tissues around your knees.  Understand your knee has a unique ability to rotate and bend.  Tend to your tendons and have a clear visual understanding of your ligaments.  Find ways to define your knee pain so your doctor can help you get to the root of the problem.  When to use hot or cold therapy or a walking aid.  The reasons surgery must be the last resort.  Learn simple and low impact exercises for your knees to be done at home and at your gym.  The good and bad impact shoes have on your knees.  Ways to work your core, i.e., Tai Chi, Yoga.  How acupuncture can help and all the benefits PRP or Prolozone therapies can offer patients with knee pain.  A great list of natural supplements for your joints and how certain foods can be your medicine.  Episode Summary:  Knee pain is one of the most common complaints of Americans of all ages, according to the Mayo Clinic Health System. The pain can result from an injury, arthritis or other condition.   Our knees are significant to moving out bodies and to simply get around. It isn't something many people think about until they are in pain.   Some of the biggest challenges I find for patients with knee or joint pain have been ways for them to describe what is causing their pain. If you don't understand the anatomy of your knees, its ligaments, tendons and bones, it can be complicated conversation. Learning more and having patience to implement natural regenerative solutions, rather than quick fixes like surgery, is a discussion many are now valuing. Always give a proven natural solution a chance first and allow your body to tap into its own resources to heal itself, when this is an option for you.  Short Bio:   Dr. Robyn Benson is a Doctor of Oriental Medicine (DOM) who brings an innovative and game-changing approach to today's health care. Robyn offers the most advanced and cutting-edge therapies, procedures, and products designed to renew, restore, and revive health called A.R.T.: Amplified Regenerative Therapies.  Dr. Benson, author, speaker, and self-care and Regenerative Medicine* expert, is known by many to be THE health detective with life-changing solutions! She has been the owner and founder of the Santa Fe Soul Center for Optimal Health (now Regenerative Medicine) for close to two decades.  For almost 30 years, Dr. Benson has applied her considerable knowledge of acupuncture, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy, herbs, IV therapies, and her love for healthy travel to help patients resolve acute and chronic health challenges and to achieve optimal and sustainable health without the use of pharmaceuticals or surgery.  Resources for a Younger Lifestyle:  11 Knee Pain Do's and Don'ts - https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/knee-pain/knee-pain-dos-and-donts#1   Learn natural solutions for knee pain and more: https://robynbenson.com/prp/   TV interviews and a runner's testimonial of natural pain relief with Dr. Robyn Benson - https://robynbenson.com/prolozone/   Get access to your free eGuide, “Help Me, I Have Joint Pain.” https://robynbenson.com/joint-pain/   Quotes:  “Knee pain is a common complaint among people of all ages and can become achy due to a variety of different reasons.”  “Because of the knee's unique ability to rotate and bend, the knee is known as a swivel joint.”  “If you've been told that you need surgery or something else you consider too drastic, don't be afraid to get a second opinion.”  “It's been found that people who are overweight and have arthritic knee pain.  It has been said they can lose about 20% of their pain with every 10 pounds of weight loss.”  “By activating the body's natural pain relief system which can stimulate the nerves, muscles, and connective tissues, acupuncture can provide relief for joints that have pain.” 

Winstead Shareholder Corinne Smith speaks to Dr. Prathibha Varkey, President of  Mayo Clinic Health System. Corinne and Prathibha talk about the inspiring work of caregivers and frontline workers during the ongoing pandemic. 

In this episode of TimeOut With The SportsDr, Dr. Kelechi Okoroha joins the podcast. Kelechi R. Okoroha MD is a fellowship‐trained orthopedic surgeon specializing in sports medicine, joint preservation and cartilage restoration of the hip, knee, shoulder and elbow.  Dr. Okoroha was born in Houston and was a competitive basketball player growing up. He earned his undergraduate degree with a major in Molecular and Cellular Biology and a minor in chemistry at Xavier University of Louisiana while serving as a team captain of their competitive basketball team. He subsequently earned his medical degree (MD) at Howard University College of Medicine in Washington D.C. and completed his Orthopedic Surgery Residency at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit Michigan where he served as the Chief resident. He was then selected and completed a specialized sports medicine fellowship at the renowned Rush University Medical Center in Chicago Illinois. Currently Dr. Okoroha serves as an Assistant Professor in Orthopaedic Surgery and is an Orthopedic Sports Medicine Surgeon at the Mayo Clinic Health System. Mayo Clinic Sports Medicine serves as the official team physicians for the Minnesota Timberwolves and Minnesota Lynx. Dr. Okoroha has published over 100 peer reviewed manuscripts, book chapters and abstracts. He has presented more than 150 academic sports papers at Orthopedic conferences both nationally and internationally. Follow Me IG: drderrickthesportsdr Website: https://www.drderrickthesportsdr.com/ Follow Dr. Okoroha IG: doctorokoro Website: https://www.kelechiokorohamd.com/

Doc calls our attention to the strange disappearance of civic organizations in America. Peaking in the 1960s, tiny villages and big cities bustled with volunteers of all ages to build parks, serve as crossing guards, hold free throw shooting contests for kids, work voting stations, and pass local knowledge from generation to generation. There was a time when people prioritized the time to gather at local restaurants to discuss ways to volunteer and improve their community. HISTORY. Civic organizations in the US were closely tied to church-affiliated groups (Knights of Columbus), fraternal organizations (Freemasons), and also unions. The Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW) is an organization of U.S. war veterans. And while VFW posts were practically in every community in America following WWII, membership is dwindling and posts have been closed and consolidated. “Per a 2021 article by Faith Bottum of the Wall Street Journal, “The VFW has around 1.5 million members, a drop of a million from 1992. The average age is 67, with 400,000 members over 80. The largest organization of veterans' clubs, the American Legion, has two million members, down from 3.3 million in 1946.” POPULAR CIVIC ORGANIZATIONS. Rotary, Kiwanis, Lions, Jaycees, and Optimists are among the well-known volunteer groups of the latter half of the twentieth century. Most have been reduced to a small fraction of their halcyon days. According to a 2020 article by Payal Gangishetti of Nonprofit Sector News, “The Jaycees, founded in 1920, is a leadership training and civic organization for people between the ages 18 and 40. [It's] peak membership was 360,000 in 1976 and today has just 12,000 members in the United States. Doc recalls the village Jaycees chapter building a playground near the river in the community of 1200 where he was raised in northern Wisconsin. “The park is still there,” noted Doc. “The Jaycees and other civic organizations' names and logos adorn the ‘Welcome to Town' signs, but for practical purposes, the organizations are extinct. Maybe their endowment funds their fee for the placards on the main roads heading into town?” LOSS OF VESTING TO BUILD COMMUNITY CONNECTEDNESS AND PERSONAL PURPOSE. As Doc researched the relationship between volunteering in civic organizations and community safety, the literature review was similar to driving a car that was out of alignment. Everything pulled in the direction of how the individual benefited from volunteering and much less was written about the collective benefit of society or of the community. Doc interprets this as false-memory solipsism. In other words, the core value of a civic organization (as written in numerous articles) is the fulfillment of each member. What's in it for me? Simply put, the literature review doesn't match Doc's experiences with civic organizations. BENEFITS TO VOLUNTEERS. The Mayo Clinic Health System says volunteering reduces stress levels and the risk of depression. Volunteers often learn valuable life and job skills while staying physically and mentally active. The Mayo Clinic cites a Longitudinal Study of Aging that concludes volunteers even live longer. Volunteers who have chronic or serious illnesses often experience less pain. HealthyPeople.gov -- a part of the Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion that is tasked with providing science-based, 10-year national objectives for improving the health of all Americans -- agrees. Healthy People points out that clubs offer emotional support and create a sense of community. BENEFIT TO THE COMMUNITY. Beyond enriching each individual volunteer, projects benefit the greater community in the manifestations of parks or mentoring. Groups might focus on raking leaves at somebody's house. Build relationships - rally around people in need. A Lions Club in Windsor Locks (pop. 12,613), Connecticut ran the volunteer ambulance service in 2019! WHY THE DECLINE? The Loki argument is “The Internet” wiped out the organizations. But, this is recited by people who don't recall the days before the Internet. The across-the-board declines in membership appeared in the 1980s. Most recently, remote work mobility and pandemic cocooning might have sealed the fates for many civic organizations. These organizations have adapted to social media platforms, but that isn't a substitute for in vivo community enrichment activities. DOC'S CIVIC VOLUNTEERING. From 2004-2009, Doc served as a volunteer tour guide and handyman at historic Fort Winnebago Surgeons' Quarters in Portage, Wisconsin. With his Dad, he re-built the split rail fence and the well. Doc also volunteered in various roles for the monthly community lunch at Couper Hall. FOLLOW DR. PERRODIN: Twitter @SafetyPhD and subscribe to The Safety Doc YouTube channel & Apple Podcasts. SAFETY DOC WEBSITE, BLOG & BOOKS: www.safetyphd.com. The Safety Doc Podcast is hosted & produced by David P. Perrodin, PhD. ENDORSEMENTS. This is episode 167 of The Safety Doc Podcast published on 01-18-2022. Purchase Dr. Perrodin's Books: School of Errors – Rethinking School Safety in America. www.schooloferrors.com Velocity of Information - Human Thinking During Chaotic Times. www.velocityofinformation.com 

Coach Mike digs into part  on autoimmune health and introduces the next topic of Disordered Eating vs Eating Disorders.  Recapping the autoimmune series actionable steps, important takeaways and opening up the dialogue for the next topic.Timestamp - Podcast Topic Starts at 00:59Resources discussed in this episode:What Is Disordered Eating? (eatright.org)Https://www.eatright.org/health/diseases-and-conditions/eating-disorders/what-is-disordered-eating(Ad) Amazon.com: Everlywell Food Sensitivity Test - Learn How Your Body Responds to 96 Different Foods - at-Home Collection Kit - CLIA-Certified Labs - Ages 18+ (Not Available in NY, NJ, RI) : Health & Household -https:// www.amazon.com/dp/B076QFSJM1?ref=exp_lifeofafighter_dp_vv_d(Ad) Probiotic - Amazon.com: Microbiome Labs MegaSporeBiotic : Health & Household - https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07TJ4TH8Q?ref=exp_lifeofafighter_dp_vv_dGut HealthGut Bacteria (pcrm.org) - https://www.pcrm.org/health-topics/gut-bacteriaGood bacteria for your gut - Mayo Clinic Health System - https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/good-bacteria-for-your-gutFermented FoodsFermented foods for better gut health - Harvard HealthThe benefits of probiotics bacteria - Harvard HealthSleep HygieneDoctor's Corner with Dr. Eric Fete: The Importance of Sleep - LOF Podcast 240 (buzzsprout.com) - https://www.buzzsprout.com/50782/5564062-doctor-s-corner-with-dr-eric-fete-the-importance-of-sleep-lof-podcast-240Let's take the guesswork out of health and fitness. For more resource mentioned from our FREE LOF Newsletter, access to the Fitness Vault or 28 Day Nutrition reset or our additional programs, courses, and coaching, as well as our social media and amazon streams/shop Click Here - https://linktr.ee/lifestyle_of_fitnessSupport the show (https://paypal.me/lifeofafighter)Support the show (https://paypal.me/lifeofafighter)

Coach Mike digs into part 2 on autoimmune health.  Sharing more insight with nutrition, gut health as well as exercise and actionable steps of all the above.Timestamp - Podcast Topic Starts at 3:11Resources discussed in this episode:(Ad) Amazon.com: Everlywell Food Sensitivity Test - Learn How Your Body Responds to 96 Different Foods - at-Home Collection Kit - CLIA-Certified Labs - Ages 18+ (Not Available in NY, NJ, RI) : Health & Household -https:// www.amazon.com/dp/B076QFSJM1?ref=exp_lifeofafighter_dp_vv_d(Ad) Probiotic - Amazon.com: Microbiome Labs MegaSporeBiotic : Health & Household - https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07TJ4TH8Q?ref=exp_lifeofafighter_dp_vv_dGut HealthGut Bacteria (pcrm.org) - https://www.pcrm.org/health-topics/gut-bacteria Good bacteria for your gut - Mayo Clinic Health System - https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/good-bacteria-for-your-gutFermented FoodsFermented foods for better gut health - Harvard HealthThe benefits of probiotics bacteria - Harvard HealthSleep HygieneDoctor's Corner with Dr. Eric Fete: The Importance of Sleep - LOF Podcast 240 (buzzsprout.com) - https://www.buzzsprout.com/50782/5564062-doctor-s-corner-with-dr-eric-fete-the-importance-of-sleep-lof-podcast-240Let's take the guesswork out of health and fitness. For more resource mentioned from our FREE LOF Newsletter, access to the Fitness Vault or 28 Day Nutrition reset or our additional programs, courses, and coaching, as well as our social media and amazon streams/shop Click Here - https://linktr.ee/lifestyle_of_fitnessSupport the show (https://paypal.me/lifeofafighter)Here at LOF we don't want finances to be the barrier that holds you back. So we created a variety of resources to help support you from FREE to Paid that can fit your budget and goals. See more here - @Lifestyle_Of_Fitness | Linktree Support the show (https://paypal.me/lifeofafighter)

CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (4:53).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments Image Sources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 10-29-21. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for Halloween 2021.  Besides focusing on autumn's festival of fun and fright, this episode is part of a series this fall about water connections to the human body and human biology. SOUND – ~9 sec That eerie sound of a tree creaking in October wind sets a seasonal stage for a Halloween challenge: exploring how Halloween, water, and human biology all connect.  Sound like quite a trick?  Well, have a listen to some Halloween music for about 50 seconds, and then we'll treat you to some examples. MUSIC - ~50 sec – instrumental You've been listening to “A Little Fright Music,” by Torrin Hallett, a graduate student at the Yale School of Music.  And here are six matches of Halloween creatures or images with water in the human body. 1.  Skeleton images rattle around everywhere for Halloween, and in living skeletons water is a significant component of bones and cartilage.  2.  Pretend blood covers many-a Halloween costume, and over half of the volume of blood is plasma, which in turn is over 90 percent water, and water is also a major component of blood cells. 3.  A muscular costume is part of pretending to be a super-strong character like Wonder Woman or Superman; and water plays a significant role in muscle structure and function; in turn, muscle is an important water-storage area for the body. 4.  The monster in movie versions of “Frankenstein” was brought to life by electricity, and the cells of our nervous system transmit messages though electrochemical impulses, using sodium and potassium ions in a water-based solution. 5.  If fiery or icy creatures need some temperature regulation, water's the body fluid that does it. And 6.  Flashing and watching from many creatures on Halloween night are eyes, either scary, suspenseful, or super-powered; and eyes have chambers containing aqueous humor and vitreous humour, two fluids that consist mostly of water and that maintain the shape of the eyes. This Halloween, imagine being a creature that's about 60 percent composed of an amazing substance with unique powers to dissolve other substances, absorb and release heat, and withstand being compressed.  What would you be?  Why, the water-based human being that you are! Thanks to Torrin Hallett for composing this week's music for Virginia Water Radio, and we close with another listen to the last few seconds of “A Little Fright Music.” MUSIC - ~13 sec – instrumental SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close the show.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The wind and creaking tree sounds were recorded by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg, Va., on October 5, 2014.  “A Little Fright Music” is copyright 2020 by Torrin Hallett, used with permission.  Torrin is a 2018 graduate of Oberlin College and Conservatory in Oberlin, Ohio; a 2020 graduate in Horn Performance from Manhattan School of Music in New York; and a 2021 graduate of the Lamont School of Music at the University of Denver.  He is currently a graduate student at the Yale School of Music.  More information about Torrin is available online at https://www.facebook.com/torrin.hallett.  Thanks very much to Torrin for composing the piece especially for Virginia Water Radio.  This music was previously used in Episode 548, 10-26-20. Following are other music pieces composed by Torrin Hallett for Virginia Water Radio, with episodes featuring the music. “Beetle Ballet” – used in Episode 525, 5-18-20, on aquatic beetles.“Chesapeake Bay Ballad” – used in Episode 537, 8-10-20, on conditions in the Chesapeake Bay.“Corona Cue” – used in Episode 517, 3-23-20, on the coronavirus pandemic.“Flow Stopper – used in Episode 599, 10-28-21, on the “Imagine a Day Without Water” campaign.“Geese Piece” – used most recently in Episode 440, 10-1-18, on E-bird. “Ice Dance” – used in Episode 556, 12-21-20, on how organisms survive freezing temperatures.“Lizard Lied” – used in Episode 514, 3-2-20, on lizards.“New Year's Water” – used in Episode 349, 1-2-17, on the New Year. “Rain Refrain” – used most recently Episode 559, 1-11-21, on record rainfall in 2020.“Runoff” – in Episode 585, 7-12-21 – on middle-school students calling out stormwater-related water words.“Spider Strike” – used in Episode 523, 5-4-20, on fishing spiders.“Tropical Tantrum” – used most recently in Episode 580, 6-7-21, on the 2021 Atlantic tropical storm season preview.“Tundra Swan Song – used in Episode 554, 12-7-20, on Tundra Swans.“Turkey Tune” – used in Episode 343, 11-21-16, on the Wild Turkey.  Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGE Water uses in the human body.  Illustration from the U.S. Geological Survey, “The Water in You: Water and the Human Body,”  https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/water-you-water-and-human-body?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects. SOURCES Used for Audio Peter Abrahams, ed., How the Body Works: A Comprehensive, Illustrated Encyclopedia of Anatomy, Metro Books, New York, 2007. American Red Cross, “Blood Components,” online at https://www.redcrossblood.org/donate-blood/how-to-donate/types-of-blood-donations/blood-components.html. Erin Blakemore, “How Twitching Frog Legs Helped Inspire ‘Frankenstein,'” Smithsonian Magazine, December 4, 2015, online at https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/how-twitching-frog-legs-helped-inspire-frankenstein-180957457/. Fandom, “Monster Wiki/Frankenstein's Monster,” online at https://monster.fandom.com/wiki/Frankenstein%27s_Monster. Mayo Clinic Health System, “Water: Essential to your body,” online at https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/water-essential-to-your-body. Science Direct:“Aqueous Humor,” online at https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/aqueous-humor;“Vitreous Humour,” online at https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/vitreous-humour. University of Michigan Health, “Eye Anatomy and Function,” as of August 31, 2020, online at https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/hw121946. U.S. Geological Survey, “The Water in You: Water and the Human Body,” https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/water-you-water-and-human-body?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects. U.S. National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute, SEER Training Modules:“Composition of the Blood,” online at https://training.seer.cancer.gov/leukemia/anatomy/composition.html;“Skeletal System,” online at https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/skeletal/. For More Information about Human Biology, Including Water Aspects American Society of Hematology, “Blood Basics,” online at https://www.hematology.org/education/patients/blood-basics.Cleveland [Ohio] Clinic:“Heart & Blood Vessels: How Does Blood Travel Through Your Body,” online at https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/heart-blood-vessels-blood-flow-body;“Lymphatic System,” online at https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/21199-lymphatic-system. Eric Cudler, “Neuroscience for Kids,” online at https://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/neurok.html. The Franklin Institute of Philadelphia, Penn., “Blood Vessels,” online at https://www.fi.edu/heart/blood-vessels. Isabel Lorenzo et al., “The Role of Water Homeostasis in Muscle Function and Frailty: A Review,” Nutrients, Vol. 11, No. 8 (August 2019, accessed online at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723611/(subscription may be required for access). Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, “Facts About Blood and Blood Cells,” online at https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/patient-education/facts-about-blood-and-blood-cells. Science Direct, “Synovial Fluid: Structure and Function,” excerpted from Textbook of Pediatric Rheumatology, 5th Edition, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2005; accessed online at https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/synovial-fluid(subscription may be required for access). University of Bristol (England), School of Medical Sciences, “Brain Basics: The Fundamentals of Neuroscience,” online at http://www.bris.ac.uk/synaptic/basics/basics-0.html. U.S. National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute, SEER Training Modules:“Blood, Heart and Circulation,” online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/bloodheartandcirculation.html;“Muscular System,” online at https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/muscular/;“Nervous System,” online at https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/nervous/. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Science” subject category. Following are links to other episodes on connections of water to human biology (much of the information in this week's episode was taken from these previous episodes). Overview of water's roles in the body – Episode 592, 8-30-21.Disease: COVID-19 – Episode 517, 3-23-20 and Episode 519, 4-6-20.Disease: influenza – Episode 393, 11-6-17.Disease: viruses – Episode 600, 10-25-21.Circulatory system connections to water – Episode 593, 9-6-21.Muscular system connections to water – Episode 596, 9-27-21.Neurological system connections to water – Episode 594, 9-13-21.Skeleton system connections to water (with a Halloween theme) – Episode 595, 9-20-21.Water intake and exercise – Episode 466, 4-1-19.Water thermodynamics – Episode 195, 1-6-14. Following are links to other Halloween-themed episodes. Episode 238, 10-31-14 – focusing on the plant Witch-hazel.Episode 548, 10-26-20 – focusing on water-related readings that are supernatural, mysterious, or imaginative. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-3 plus 5: MatterK.4 – Water is important in our daily lives and has properties.3.3 – Materials interact with water. Grades K-4: Living Systems and Processes4.2 – Plants and animals h

CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (4:50).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments Images Sources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 10-22-21. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the week of October 25, 2021.  This episode is part of a series this fall about water connections to the human body and human biology.  We start this week with three mystery sounds, all related to a very numerous group of disease-causing, or pathogenic, microbes that have enormous impacts on human health.  Have a listen for about 20 seconds, and see if know this microbial group.  And here's a hint: big hits on social media are said to spread like this group. SOUNDS – ~19 sec If you guessed viruses, you're right!  You heard a person coughing due to a viral disease; handwashing, an important method of reducing viral transmission; and a spray bottle of isopropyl alcohol, an effective disinfectant against many kinds of viruses.  With attention focused this fall both on the COVID-19 coronavirus and the annual influenza virus season, we explore in this episode some basic information about viruses and some viral connections to water.  Here are 10 key points about viruses. 1.  Viruses are one of four groups of microbes responsible for human disease, along with bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, which are single-celled animals.  As a group, viruses are the smallest of these microbes, although some are larger than some bacteria. 2.  Viruses aren't made up of cells, but instead exist as particles composed primarily of molecules of protein and nucleic acids, that is, DNA or RNA.  They require a cellular host for reproduction, called replication. 3.  Viruses are more abundant than all of the cellular-based living things on earth. 4.  All living things are infected by viruses. 5.  Viruses don't always cause disease in infected hosts, but many kinds do cause significant diseases in humans, other animals, and plants. 6.  Viral disease can result from viruses taking over or inhibiting their host's cellular biochemical processes, or by cell destruction as new virus particles exit cells after replication. 7.  Depending on their type, viruses can be spread through air, in water, from surfaces, by animal vectors, or through exchange of blood or other body substances. 8.  Water-related spread of viruses can occur through water contaminated with human waste, and through animal vectors connected to water, particularly mosquitoes. 9.  Significant human diseases from water-borne viruses include intestinal disease, particularly diarrhea; hepatitis, or liver inflammation; inflammations of the brain, spinal cord, or heart; and possibly cancer.  Viral diseases spread by mosquitoes include Yellow Fever, Dengue, West Nile, and others. And last, but not least, handwashing with clean water and soap is important for reducing the spread of viruses through objects and surfaces—collectively called fomites—with which humans come into contact. Thanks to Freesound.org user n__audioman for making the coughing sound available for public use.  Here's hoping we all hear less of that sound and more of the handwashing and other preventative measures that keep viruses—water-borne and otherwise—somewhat at bay. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of Cripple Creek to open and close this show.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks to Dr. Sally Paulson, Virginia Tech Department of Entomology, for her help with this article. The coughing sound was recorded by user n__audioman (dated December 14, 2015), and made available for public use by Freesound.org, online at https://freesound.org/people/n_audioman/sounds/331068/, under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0  For more information on Creative Commons licenses, please see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/; information on the Attribution License specifically is online at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/. The handwashing and alcohol spraying sounds were recorded by Virginia Water Radio on October 21, 2021. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES Female Aedes japonicus mosquito (also known as Ochlerotatus japonicas), photographed from a colony at Notre Dame University.  Photo by Frank Collins, accessed from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Public Health Image Library, online at https://phil.cdc.gov/default.aspx; specific URL for this photo was https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=7886, as of 10-25-21.  According to CDC caption for this photo, this Asian mosquito, first collected in the United States in New York and New Jersey in 1998, is a suspected transmitter for West Nile virus. “Wash Your Hands in 24 Languages” poster from the Minnesota Department of Health, online at https://www.health.state.mn.us/people/handhygiene/wash/washyourhands.html. SOURCES Used for Audio John B. Carter and Venetia A. Saunders, Virology: Principles and Applications, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester, United Kingdom, 2013. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, “Tracking the COVID-19 Economy's Effects on Food, Housing, and Employment Hardships,” updated October 13, 2021, online at https://www.cbpp.org/research/poverty-and-inequality/tracking-the-covid-19-economys-effects-on-food-housing-and. Dorothy H. Crawford, Viruses: A Very Short Introduction, Second Edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2018. Aimee M. Gall et al., “Waterborne Viruses: A Barrier to Safe Drinking Water,” PLOS Pathogens Vol. 11, No. 6 (June 25, 2015), online at https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/authors?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1004867. Johns Hopkins University & Medicine/Coronavirus Resource Center, “Global Map,” online at https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html. Microbiology Society, “Microbes and Disease,” online at https://microbiologysociety.org/why-microbiology-matters/what-is-microbiology/microbes-and-the-human-body/microbes-and-disease.html. Minnesota Department of Health, “Waterborne Illness,” online at https://www.health.state.mn.us/diseases/waterborne/index.html. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), “Global economic recovery continues but remains uneven, says OECD,” News Release, September 21, 2021. University of New Hampshire/Casey School of Public Policy, “COVID-19 Economic Crisis: By State,” by Michael Ettlinger and Jordan Hensley, October 1, 2021, online at https://carsey.unh.edu/publication/COVID-19-Economic-Impact-By-State. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), “Chemical Disinfectants,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/disinfection/disinfection-methods/chemical.html. U.S. CDC, “Mosquito-Borne Diseases,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/outdoor/mosquito-borne/default.html.  U.S. CDC, Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice, Third Edition: An Introduction to Applied Epidemiology and Biostatistics, November 2011, “Glossary,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/glossary.html. U.S. CDC, “Water-related Diseases and Contaminants in Public Water Systems,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking/public/water_diseases.html. Virginia Department of Health, “Waterborne Hazards Control Programs,” online at https://www.vdh.virginia.gov/waterborne-hazards-control/. Water Quality Association, “Bacteria and Virus Issues,” online at https://www.wqa.org/learn-about-water/common-contaminants/bacteria-viruses. World Health Organization (WHO), “Waterborne Pathogens and Their Significance in Water Supplies” (table), online (as a PDF) at https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/gdwqrevision/watpathogens.pdf. WHO, “Emerging Issues in Water and Infectious Disease,” 2003, online (as a PDF) at https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/emerging/emerging.pdf. WHO, “Microbial Fact Sheets,” online (as a PDF) at https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/GDW11rev1and2.pdf. For More Information about Water and the Human Body Isabel Lorenzo et al., “The Role of Water Homeostasis in Muscle Function and Frailty: A Review,” Nutrients, Vol. 11, No. 8 (August 2019, accessed online at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723611/(subscription may be required for access). Mayo Clinic Health System, “Water: Essential to your body,” online at https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/water-essential-to-your-body. U.S. Geological Survey, “The Water in You: Water and the Human Body,” https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/water-you-water-and-human-body?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Science” subject category. Following are links to other episodes on connections of water to human biology.  Please note that some of these episodes are being redone in fall 2021; in those cases, the respective links below will have information on the updated episodes. Overview of water's roles in the body – Episode 592, 8-30-21.Disease: COVID-19 – Episode 517, 3-23-20 and Episode 519, 4-6-20.Disease: influenza – Episode 598, 10-11-21.Circulatory system connections to water – Episode 593, 9-6-21.Muscular system connections to water – Episode 596, 9-27-21,Neurological system connections to water – Episode 594, 9-13-21.Skeleton system connections to water – Episode 595, 9-20-21.Water intake and exercise – Episode 466, 4-1-19.Water thermodynamics – Episode 195, 1-6-14. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-4: Living Systems and Processes 4.3 – Organisms, including humans, interact with one another and with the nonliving components in the ecosystem. Grade 6 6.6 – Water has unique physical properties and has a role in the natural and human-made environment, including that water is important for agriculture, power generation, and public health.6.9 – Humans impact the environment and individuals can influence public policy decisions related to energy and the environment, including that major health and safety issues are associated with air and water quality, Life ScienceLS.2 – All living things are composed of one or more cells that support life processes, as described by the cell theory, including that cell structure and organelles support life processes.LS.3     – There are levels of structural organization in living things, including that similar characteristics determine the classification of organisms.LS.10 – Organisms reproduce and transmit genetic information to new generations. BiologyBIO.4 – Bacteria and viruses have an effect on living systems. 2015 Social Studies SOLs United States History: 1865-to-Present CourseUSII.9 – Domestic and international issues during the second half of the 20th Century and the early 21st Century. Civics and Economics CourseCE.10 – Public policy at local, state, and national levels. World Geography CourseWG.2 – How selected physical and ecological processes shape the Earth's surface, including climate, weather, and how humans influence their environment and are influenced by it. Virginia and United States History CourseVUS.14 – Political and social conditions in the 21st Century. Government CourseGOVT.9 – Public policy process at local, state, and national levels.Virginia's SOLs are available from the Virginia Department of Education, online at http://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/. Following are links to Water Radio episodes (various topics) designed especially for certain K-12 grade levels. Episode 250, 1-26-15 – on boiling, for kindergarten through 3rdgrade.Episode 255, 3-2-15 – on density, for 5th and 6th grade.Episode 282, 9-21-15 – on living vs. non-living, for kindergarten.Episode 309, 3-28-16 – on temperature regulation in animals, for kindergarten through 12th grade.Episode 333, 9-12-16 – on dissolved gases, especially dissolved oxygen in aquatic habitats, for 5thgrade.Episode 403, 1-15-18 – on freezing and ice, for kindergarten through 3rd grade.Episode 404, 1-22-18 – on ice on ponds and lakes, for 4ththrough 8th grade.Episode 406, 2-5-18 – on ice on rivers, for middle school.Episode 407, 2-12-18 – on snow chemistry and physics, for high school.Episode 483, 7-29-19 – on buoyancy and drag, for middle school and high school.Episode 524, 5-11-20 – on sounds by water-related animals, for elementary school through high school.Episode 531, 6-29-20 – on various ways that animals get water, for 3rd and 4th gradeEpisode 539, 8-24-20 – on basic numbers and facts about Virginia's water resources, for 4th and 6th grade.CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (4:50).

CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (5:02).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra Information Sources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 10-8-21. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the week of October 25, 2021.  This revised episode from November 2017 is part of a series this fall of episodes on water connections to the human body and human biology. We start with a public health mystery sound.  Have a listen for about 35 seconds, and see if you can guess what seasonal, precautionary procedure is taking place.  And here's a hint: thinking feverishlycould influence your answer. SOUNDS and VOICES - ~36 sec “Any problems with any vaccines before?”“No.”“Feeling OK today?  No fever or anything like that?”“No.”“And no allergies to foods or medications that you're aware of?”“No.”  …“So, you know, a little bit of arm soreness; that's probably the most of it.  Redness, irritation.   Might be kind of tired for a day or so, or even a low-grade fever or a headache is possible and normal.  If that were to happen, whatever you take for a headache is fine.  Any questions about anything?”“No.”“All right.” …“All right, leave that bandage on for about 10 minutes or so, and take it off anytime you remember after that.  And here's your copy for your records.  Thanks.”“Thank you.”“Have a good day.”If you guessed, a flu shot, you're right!  You heard an influenza vaccination being given in October 2017 at Virginia Tech in Blacksburg.  Flu season arrives every year with colder weather, bringing the potential to cause fever, body aches, and other symptoms, some quite serious or even fatal.  The flu affects millions of people in the United States each year, and health agencies like U.S. Centers for the Disease Control and Prevention and the Virginia Department of Health encourage vaccination for everyone older than six months, with some exceptions. But what does the flu have to do with water?  Consider these three connections. First, drinking plenty of fluids is a commonly prescribed treatment for flu sufferers in order to help prevent dehydration resulting from increased body temperature and other responses to the viral infection.  Infants, children, and the elderly are particularly at risk for dehydration. Second, the flu virus is transmitted between humans by respiratory droplets, and researchers have found that transmission is affected by air temperature and humidity. Specifically, transmission occurs more easily in cold, dry air, such as is typically found during fall and winter in temperate areas like Virginia. Third, waterfowl and shorebirds are among the various kinds of birds that harbor avian flu viruses, and water contaminated with aquatic birds' waste can potentially harbor avian flu for some time.  Understanding the factors related to the occurrence and transmission of avian viruses—including the role of contaminated water—is important in monitoring avian flu and its potential to spread to other birds, mammals, or humans. Flu season is upon us, and the CDC recommends getting a flu vaccine by the end of October.  So if you hear this… VOICE - ~3 sec – “Are you here for a flu shot?” …now you'll have not only a health connection for the flu, but some hydrological ones, too. Thanks to staff of Kroger Pharmacy and Hokie Wellness for lending their voices to this episode. We close with some music for, or rather, against the flu.  Here's about 30 seconds of “Shots,” written by Wilson Stern and performed in a 2014, flu-shot-promoting video by the University of Florida's Student Health Care Center. MUSIC - ~28 sec Lyrics:“Last year less than half the population got their flu shot.  Why you wanna be stuck at home with a fever when you could be making this party hot?”“I heard that shot made you ill.”“Naw, son, that news ain't for real.  It tells your body what the virus looks like, so it knows how to deal”“Why you tellin' me this?  I got my flu shot last year.”“This virus mutates constantly, we got new strains here.”“Shots, shots, shots, shots….” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of Cripple Creek to open and close this show.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Virginia Water Radio episode replaces Episode 393, 11-6-17, which has been archived. The influenza vaccination heard in this episode was performed October 24, 2017, at Virginia Tech in Blacksburg, by staff of Kroger Pharmacies, assisted by staff from Virginia Tech's Hokie Wellness program.  Virginia Water Radio thanks those staff people for their willingness to be recorded. The audio excerpt of “Shots,” copyright by Wilson Stern, was taken from the 2014 University of Florida Student Health Care Center video “Flu Shots,” copyright by the University of Florida; used with permission of Wilson Stern and the University of Florida's Division of Media Properties.  The 2 min./4 sec. video is available online at http://shcc.ufl.edu/services/primary-care/flu/flu-shots-music-video-lyrics/.   More information about Wilson Stern and the group Hail! Cassius Neptune is available online at https://www.reverbnation.com/hailcassiusneptune.Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES Colorized, negative-stained transmission electron microscopic image of influenza virus particles, known as virions.   Public domain photo taken in 1973 by Dr. F. A. Murphy, accessed from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Image Library, online at https://phil.cdc.gov/Details.aspx?pid=10072.Illustration of influenza infection, from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), “Images of Influenza Viruses,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/resource-center/freeresources/graphics/images.htm.U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Protection weekly map of flu activity, as of 10/2/21.  Map accessed online at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/usmap.htm, 10/11/21.U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention chart of work to develop the annual flu virus vaccine, with data for 2020-21.   Image accessed at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/resource-center/freeresources/graphics/infographics.htm. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT TYPES AND NAMES OF INFLUENZA VIRUSESThe following information is quoted from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Protection (CDC), “Types of Influenza Viruses,” November 18, 2019, online at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/viruses/types.htm.“There are four types of influenza viruses: A, B, C and D.   Human influenza A and B viruses cause seasonal epidemics of disease (known as the flu season) almost every winter in the United States.  Influenza A viruses are the only influenza viruses known to cause flu pandemics, i.e., global epidemics of flu disease.  A pandemic can occur when a new and very different influenza A virus emerges that both infects people and has the ability to spread efficiently between people.  Influenza type C infections generally cause mild illness and are not thought to cause human flu epidemics.  Influenza D viruses primarily affect cattle and are not known to infect or cause illness in people. ”Influenza A viruses are divided into subtypes based on two proteins on the surface of the virus: the hemagglutinin (H) and the neuraminidase (N).  There are 18 different hemagglutinin subtypes and 11 different neuraminidase subtypes (H1 through H18 and N1 through N11 respectively).  …Current sub-types of influenza A viruses that routinely circulate in people include: A (H1N1) and A (H3N2).  In the spring of 2009, a new influenza A (H1N1) virus emerged to cause illness in people. … “Currently circulating influenza A(H1N1) viruses are related to the pandemic 2009 H1N1 virus that emerged in the spring of 2009 and caused a flu pandemic ( see CDC 2009 H1N1 Flu website for more information).  This virus, scientifically called the ‘A(H1N1)pdm09 virus,' and more generally called ‘2009 H1N1,' has continued to circulate seasonally since then.  These H1N1 viruses have undergone relatively small genetic changes and changes to their antigenic properties (i.e., the properties of the virus that affect immunity) over time.“Of all the influenza viruses that routinely circulate and cause illness in people, influenza A(H3N2) viruses tend to change more rapidly, both genetically and antigenically. … “Influenza B viruses are not divided into subtypes, but instead are further classified into two lineages: B/Yamagata and B/Victoria. …Influenza B viruses generally change more slowly in terms of their genetic and antigenic properties than influenza A viruses, especially influenza A(H3N2) viruses.  Influenza surveillance data from recent years shows co-circulation of influenza B viruses from both lineages in the United States and around the world.  However, the proportion of influenza B viruses from each lineage that circulate can vary by geographic location.“CDC follows an internationally accepted naming convention for influenza viruses.  This convention was accepted by WHO [World Health Organization] in 1979 and published in February 1980 in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 58(4):585-591 (1980) (see A revision of the system of nomenclature for influenza viruses: a WHO Memorandum[854 KB, 7 pages]).  The approach uses the following components: *the antigenic type (e.g., A, B, C); *the host of origin (e.g., swine, equine, chicken, etc.; for human-origin viruses, no host of origin designation is given); *geographical origin (e.g., Denver, Taiwan, etc.); *strain number (e.g., 15, 7, etc.); *year of isolation (e.g., 57, 2009, etc.); *for influenza A viruses, the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigen description in parentheses (e.g., (H1N1). “One influenza A (H1N1), A (H3N2), and one or two influenza B viruses (depending on the vaccine) are included in each year's influenza vaccines.” SOURCES Used for Audio Antonia E. Dalziel et al., “Persistence of Low Pathogenic Influenza A Virus in Water: A Systematic Review and Quantitative Meta-Analysis,” PLOS One, 10/13/16, online at http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0161929.  Anice C. Lowen and John Steel, “Roles of Humidity and Temperature in Shaping Influenza Seasonality,” Journal of Virology, Vol. 88/No. 14, July 2014, pages 7692-7695; online at http://jvi.asm.org/content/88/14/7692.full (subscription may be required for access). Anice C. Lowen et al., “Influenza Virus Transmission Is Dependent on Relative Humidity and Temperature,” PLOS, 10/19/07, online at http://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.0030151. Public Library of Science, “Higher indoor humidity inactivates flu virus particles,” posted by Science Daily, 2/27/13, online at https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/02/130227183456.htm. David Robson, The Real Reason Germs Spread in Winter, BBC Future, 10/19/15. Jeffery K. Taugenberger and David M. Morens, “1918 Influenza: The Mother of All Pandemics,” Emerging Infectious Diseases (Center for Disease Control and Prevention), Vol. 12/No. 1, January 2006, online at https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/12/1/05-0979_article. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):“Chemical Disinfectants,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/disinfection/disinfection-methods/chemical.html;“Flu Activity and Surveillance,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/weekly/fluactivitysurv.htm(includes a weekly nationwide map of flu activity);“The Flu: Caring for Someone Sick at Home,” online (as PDF) at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pdf/freeresources/general/influenza_flu_homecare_guide.pdf;“Flu Season,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/season/flu-season.htm;“How Flu Spreads,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/spread.htm;“Influenza (Flu),” online at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/index.html;“Influenza in Animals,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/other_flu.htm (information on flu in bats, birds, dogs, swine, and other animals);“Information on Avian Influenza,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/;“National Influeza Vaccination Week,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/resource-center/nivw/index.htm;“Prevent Seasonal Flu,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/index.html;“Who Should and Who Should NOT Get a Flu Vaccination,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/whoshouldvax.htm. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Pandemic Influenza Fact Sheet for the Water Sector, 2009. Virginia Department of Health, “Epidemiology Fact Sheets/Influenza,” September 2018, online at http://www.vdh.virginia.gov/epidemiology/epidemiology-fact-sheets/influenza/. World Health Organization (WHO), “Influenza (Avian and other zoonotic),” November 13, 2018, online at https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/influenza-(avian-and-other-zoonotic). For More Information about Water an

There is still time to sign up for the 2nd Annual Youth Sports Symposium (check out our FB page or Mayo Clinic Health System's FB event page). This is an episode we recorded leading up to the initial one two years ago. The importance of Youth Sports Injury and how to hopefully prevent as many as possible. Youth sports injuries happen, it's part of the game. Many of those injuries can be reduced or prevented with smart training and monitoring training loads. In this episode we sat down with Dr. Jake Erickson, a sports medicine physician in La Crosse, WI. Dr. Erickson details how overuse in youth injuries can have significant negative effects on a growing body. ​ Dr. Erickson gives some simple and practical steps that both youth and parents can use to help protect youth athletes. These steps include basic, solid training along with monitoring how many hours athletes are being active. ​ #complicatedsimple #complicatedsimple #progressive #openminded #PBE #EBP #noagenda #performance #training #nutrition #health #wellness #athlete #athletictraining #science #chiropractic #rehab #prevention #clinicallypressed #youth #youthsport #youthsportinjury #prevention #mobility #rehab #prehab #screening #nutrition #health --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/clinicallypressed/support

CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (4:09).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImageExtra Information Sources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 9-24-21. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the week of September 27, 2021.  This episode is part of a series this fall on water connections to the human body and human biology.  This week, we start with some mystery sounds.  Have a listen for about 25 seconds, and see if you know the body system you can hear at work in all of these sounds.  And here's a hint: it'll be a show of strength if you guess this. SOUNDS  - ~23 sec If you guessed the muscular system, you're right!  Walking, dribbling a basketball, lifting weights, and jumping rope all involve some of the over 600 skeletal muscles in the human body.  Skeletal muscles, also called striated or voluntary muscles, are one of three muscle types in the body.  The other two are smooth, or involuntary muscles, found in internal organs; and cardiac muscle in the heart.  Whatever their location or function, muscles have several important connections to water, including the following six. First, water is a major component of muscles, making up over 70 percent of muscle mass. Second, cell volume, that is, the space within cells, is affected by the amount of water that cells contain, or the cells' hydration state.  This is believed to be related to muscle strength and contraction capacity by affecting the shape and function of muscle proteins. Third, water is the medium containing all the dissolved biochemicals that the body needs to function, including those involved in muscular contraction and in nourishing muscle cells. Fourth, water is involved in reactions that release energy from the molecule ATP, and water is associated with the important energy-storage molecule glycogen. Fifth, water helps regulate body temperature, including the heat generated by muscular activity. And sixth, water helps lubricate moveable joints, the structures upon which skeletal muscles act to move parts of the body. Overall, water plays a significant role in muscle strength and function, and muscle, in turn, is an important area of water storage for the body. We close with some music whose title speaks of one of the most common uses of our muscles.  Here's the closing 25 seconds of “Walk This Way For Awhile,” by the Harrisonburg and Rockingham County, Va.-based band, The Steel Wheels. MUSIC - ~25 sec – Lyrics: “…you walk this way for awhile; will you walk this way for awhile?  I think you will, I know you still, I hope you will.” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of Cripple Creek to open and close this show.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The sounds heard in this episode were recorded by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg, Va., on September 23, 2021. “Walk This Way for Awhile,” by The Steel Wheels, is from the album “Live at Goose Creek,” recorded October 14, 2010, at Franklin Park Performing Arts Center, Purcellville, Va., and produced by Goose Creek Music; used with permission of The Steel Wheels.  The song is also on The Steel Wheel's 2010 album, “Red Wing.”  More information about The Steel Wheels is available online at http://www.thesteelwheels.com/.  More information about Goose Creek Music is available online at http://www.goosecreekmusic.com/.  More information about the Franklin Park Arts Center is available online at http://www.franklinparkartscenter.org/.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio in Episode 286, 10-19-15. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGE Structure of a representative human skeletal muscle.  Illustration from National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute, SEER Training Module, “Muscular System/Structure of Skeletal Muscle,” online at https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/muscular/structure.html. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT THE HUMAN MUSCULAR SYSTEM The following information is quoted from the National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute, SEER Training Module, “Muscular System/Introduction” online at https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/muscular/. “The muscular system is composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers.  Their predominant function is contractibility.  Muscles, attached to bones or internal organs and blood vessels, are responsible for movement.  Nearly all movement in the body is the result of muscle contraction.  Exceptions to this are the action of cilia, the flagellum on sperm cells, and amoeboid movement of some white blood cells. “The integrated action of joints, bones, and skeletal muscles produces obvious movements such as walking and running.  Skeletal muscles also produce more subtle movements that result in various facial expressions, eye movements, and respiration. “In addition to movement, muscle contraction also fulfills some other important functions in the body, such as posture, joint stability, and heat production.  Posture, such as sitting and standing, is maintained as a result of muscle contraction.  The skeletal muscles are continually making fine adjustments that hold the body in stationary positions.  The tendons of many muscles extend over joints and in this way contribute to joint stability.  This is particularly evident in the knee and shoulder joints, where muscle tendons are a major factor in stabilizing the joint.  Heat production, to maintain body temperature, is an important by-product of muscle metabolism.  Nearly 85 percent of the heat produced in the body is the result of muscle contraction.” SOURCES Used for Audio Ann Baggaley, ed., Human Body, Dorling Kindersley Publishing, New York, N.Y, 2001. Cedric Bryant and Daniel Green, eds., Essentials of Exercise Science, American Council on Exercise, San Diego, Calif., 2017. Michael Houston, Biochemistry Primer for Exercise Science, 3rd Edition, Human Kinetics, Champaign, Ill., 2006. Isabel Lorenzo et al., “The Role of Water Homeostasis in Muscle Function and Frailty: A Review,” Nutrients, Vol. 11, No. 8 (August 2019, accessed online at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6723611/(subscription may be required for access).  National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute, SEER Training Modules, “Muscular System,” online at https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/muscular/. Science Direct, “Synovial Fluid: Structure and Function,” excerpted from Textbook of Pediatric Rheumatology, 5th Edition, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2005; accessed online at https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/synovial-fluid(subscription may be required for access). Scott Powers and Edward Howley, Exercise Physiology: Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance, 8th Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, N.Y., 2012.U.S. Geological Survey, “The Water in You: Water and the Human Body, online at https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/water-you-water-and-human-body?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects. For More Information about Water and the Human Body American Society of Hematology, “Blood Basics,” online at https://www.hematology.org/education/patients/blood-basics. Cleveland [Ohio] Clinic, “Heart & Blood Vessels: How Does Blood Travel Through Your Body,” online at https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/heart-blood-vessels-blood-flow-body. Cleveland [Ohio] Clinic, “Lymphatic System,” online at https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/21199-lymphatic-system.Eric Cudler, “Neuroscience for Kids,” online at https://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/neurok.html. Franklin Institute of Philadelphia, Penn., “Blood Vessels,” online at https://www.fi.edu/heart/blood-vessels. Mayo Clinic Health System, “Water: Essential to your body,” online at https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/water-essential-to-your-body. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, “Facts About Blood and Blood Cells,” online at https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/patient-education/facts-about-blood-and-blood-cells. National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute, SEER Training Modules, “Nervous System,” online at https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/nervous/. National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute, SEER Training Module, “Skeletal System,” online at https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/skeletal/.National Institutes of Health/National Library of Medicine, “Blood, Heart and Circulation,” online at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/bloodheartandcirculation.html. University of Bristol (England), School of Medical Sciences, “Brain Basics: The Fundamentals of Neuroscience,” online at http://www.bris.ac.uk/synaptic/basics/basics-0.html. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Science” subject category. Another episode related to human exercise is Episode 483, 7-29-19.  It focuses on buoyancy and drag in the water and is designed for middle school and high school students. Following are links to other episodes on connections of water to human biology.  Please note that some of these episodes are being redone in fall 2021; in those cases, the respective links below will have information on the updated episodes.  Episode 195, 1-6-14 – Water thermodynamics.Episode 393, 11-6-17 – Disease: Influenza.Episode 466, 4-1-19 – Water intake and sports.Episode 517, 3-23-20 and Episode 519, 4-6-20 – Disease: Water connections to COVID-19.Episode 592, 8-30-21 – Overview of water's roles in the body.Episode 593, 9-6-21 – Circulatory system connections to water.Episode 594, 9-13-21 – Neurological system connections to water.Episode 595, 9-20-21 – Skeletal system connections to water. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-3 plus 5: Force, Motion, and Energy5.2 – Energy can take many forms.5.3 – There is a relationship between force and energy of moving objects. Grades K-4: Living Systems and Processes4.2 – Plants and animals have structures that distinguish them from one another and play vital roles in their ability to survive. Grade 66.6 – Water has unique physical properties and has a role in the natural and human-made environment. Life ScienceLS.2 – All living things are composed of one or more cells that support life processes, as described by the cell theory.LS.4 – There are chemical processes of energy transfer which are important for life. BiologyBIO.2 – Chemical and biochemical processes are essential for life.BIO.3 – Cells have structure and function. Virginia's SOLs are available from the Virginia Department of Education, online at http://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/. Following are links to Water Radio episodes (various topics) designed especially for certain K-12 grade levels. Episode 250, 1-26-15 – on boiling, for kindergarten through 3rdgrade.Episode 255, 3-2-15 – on density, for 5th and 6th grade.Episode 282, 9-21-15 – on living vs. non-living, for kindergarten.Episode 309, 3-28-16 – on temperature regulation in animals, for kindergarten through 12th grade.Episode 333, 9-12-16

CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (4:40).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra Information Sources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 9-15-21. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the week of September 20, 2021.  This revised episode from October 2015 is part of a series this fall of episodes on water connections to the human body and human biology. MUSIC – 16 sec – Instrumental That's part of “Halloween,” by John McCutcheon on his 1998 album “Autumnsongs.”  In this first week of autumn, with Halloween merchandise already in stores and on some people's minds, that organ music sets the stage for exploring a vital human organ system that's also one of Halloween's most familiar spectres.  Have a listen for about 15 second to some mystery sounds, and see if you can guess that organ system.  And here's a hint: we couldn't move at all, much less rattle around, without this remarkable framework. SOUNDS  - 13 sec If you guessed the skeleton or skeletal system, you're right!  The rattling you heard was from a plastic Halloween skeleton, accompanied by some creepy laughter from a talking skull decoration.  Since ancient times, human skeletons have been used in art, literature, and culture as symbols of danger, death, and dryness. In fact, the word “skeleton” comes from Latin and Greek words meaning “dried up.”  But there's nothing dead nor dry about a functioning human skeleton.  Our 206 bones contain active cells and tissues that continually take in and release calcium and phosphorus while producing new bone, blood, and fat cells. Bone is about 25 to 30 percent water by weight, with the rest consisting of minerals plus connective protein fibers called collagen.  Water is the main component of cartilage, the relatively flexible tissue in our nose and ears and between bones, including in the disks between the vertebrae in our spine.  In those spinal disks, cartilage fibers enclose a watery core, and this water's resistance to being compressed helps vertebrae move while not being pushed together. Ligaments and tendons join bone and cartilage in the complex, multi-purpose skeletal system.  Aided by water, the skeleton supports the body; protects internal organs; produces cells; and provides levers, pivot points, and cushions to the forces acting on and within the body.  All that, and it's also a classic Halloween image! Thanks to John McCutcheon and Appalseed Productions for permission to use this week's music, and we get the jump on the season of scary skeletons with about 25 more seconds of “Halloween.” MUSIC – 28 sec – Lyrics: “For just one night, I'm allowed to fantasize.  Halloween, here we go.” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close the show.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Virginia Water Radio episode revises and replaces Episode 287, 10-26-15. “Halloween,” from the 1998 album “Four Seasons: Autumnsongs” on Rounder Records, is copyright by John McCutcheon/Appalsongs and Si Kahn/Joe Hill Music, used with permission of John McCutcheon.  More information about John McCutcheon is available online at http://www.folkmusic.com/.  Thanks to Eric Grace Deedy of Appalseed Productions for her help in acquiring permission to use this music.  More information about Appalseed Productions is available online at https://appalseed-productions-2.square.site/.Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGES Structure of human long bones (bones that are longer than they are wide).  Illustration from National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute, SEER Training Module, “Skeletal System/Classification of Bones,” online at https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/skeletal/.  Skeleton-themed items, including those shown in the two photos above, were part of the Halloween merchandise for sale at a Blacksburg, Va., store on September 15, 2021.EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT THE HUMAN SKELETON The following information is quoted from the National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute, SEER Training Module, “Skeletal System/Introduction” online at https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/skeletal/. “Humans are vertebrates, animals having a vertebral column or backbone.  They rely on a sturdy internal frame that is centered on a prominent spine.  The human skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage, ligaments and tendons and accounts for about 20 percent of the body weight. “The living bones in our bodies use oxygen and give off waste products in metabolism.  They contain active tissues that consume nutrients, require a blood supply, and change shape or remodel in response to variations in mechanical stress. “Bones provide a rigid framework, known as the skeleton, that supports and protects the soft organs of the body. “The skeleton supports the body against the pull of gravity.  The large bones of the lower limbs support the trunk when standing. “The skeleton also protects the soft body parts.  The fused bones of the cranium surround the brain to make it less vulnerable to injury.  Vertebrae surround and protect the spinal cord and bones of the rib cage help protect the heart and lungs of the thorax. “Bones work together with muscles as simple mechanical lever systems to produce body movement. “Bones contain more calcium than any other organ.  The intercellular matrix of bone contains large amounts of calcium salts, the most important being calcium phosphate. “When blood calcium levels decrease below normal, calcium is released from the bones so that there will be an adequate supply for metabolic needs.  When blood calcium levels are increased, the excess calcium is stored in the bone matrix.  The dynamic process of releasing and storing calcium goes on almost continuously. “Hematopoiesis, the formation of blood cells, mostly takes place in the red marrow of the bones. “In infants, red marrow is found in the bone cavities.  With age, it is largely replaced by yellow marrow for fat storage.  In adults, red marrow is limited to the spongy bone in the skull, ribs, sternum, clavicles, vertebrae and pelvis.  Red marrow functions in the formation of red blood cells, white blood cells and blood platelets. SOURCES Used for Audio Joseph Hammill and Kathleen M. Knutzen, Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement—Third Edition, Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, Md., and Philadelphia, Penn., 2009. Harry N. Herkowitz et al., The Spine—Fourth Edition (Vol. I), W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, Penn., 1999.W. Henry Hollinshead and Cornelius Rosse, Textbook of Anatomy—Fourth Edition, Harper and Row Publishers, Inc., 1985.Evelyn Kelly, The Skeletal System, Greenwood Press, Westport, Conn., 2004. Lakeland Community College, “The Skull and Skeleton in Art: Folk Art to Pop Culture,” https://www.facebook.com/events/1633218576961435/. Merriam-Webster Dictionary, “Skeleton,” online at https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/skeleton. National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute, SEER Training Module, “Skeletal System,” online at https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/skeletal/. Icy Sedgwick, “Skeleton Folklore,” published by Folklore Thursday, October 26, 2017, online at https://folklorethursday.com/halloween/i-can-feel-it-in-my-bones-skeletons-in-folklore/. Walt Disney Animation Studies, “The Skeleton Dance,” 1929, online at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vOGhAV-84iI&t=27s.For More Information about Water and the Human Body Mayo Clinic Health System, “Water: Essential to your body,” online at https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/water-essential-to-your-body. U.S. Geological Survey, “The Water in You: Water and the Human Body,” https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/water-you-water-and-human-body?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects.RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Science” subject category. Following are links to other episodes on connections of water to human biology.  Please note that some of these episodes are being redone in fall 2021; in those cases, the respective links below will have information on the updated episodes.  Episode 195, 1-6-14 – Water thermodynamics.Episode 393, 11-6-17 – Disease: Influenza.Episode 466, 4-1-19 – Water intake and sports.Episode 517, 3-23-20 and Episode 519, 4-6-20 – Disease: Water connections to COVID-19.Episode 592, 8-30-21 – Overview of water's roles in the body.Episode 593, 9-6-21 – Circulatory system connections to water.Episode 594, 9-13-21 – Neurological system connections to water. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-3 plus 5: MatterK.4 – Water is important in our daily lives and has properties. Grades K-4: Living Systems and Processes1.5 – Animals, including humans, have basic life needs that allow them to survive. Grade 66.6 – Water has unique physical properties and has a role in the natural and human-made environment. Life ScienceLS.3 – There are levels of structural organization in living things.LS.7 – Adaptations support an organism's survival in an ecosystem. Physical SciencePS.8 – Work, force, and motion are related. BiologyBIO.2 – Chemical and biochemical processes are essential for life.BIO.3 – Cells have structure and function.Virginia's SOLs are available from the Virginia Department of Education, online at http://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/. Following are links to Water Radio episodes (various topics) designed especially for certain K-12 grade levels. Episode 250, 1-26-15 – on boiling, for kindergarten through 3rdgrade.Episode 255, 3-2-15 – on density, for 5th and 6th grade.Episode 282, 9-21-15 – on living vs. non-living, for kindergarten.Episode 309, 3-28-16 – on temperature regulation in animals, for kindergarten through 12th grade.Episode 333, 9-12-16 – on dissolved gases, especially dissolved oxygen in aquatic habitats, for 5th grade.Episode 403, 1-15-18 – on freezing and ice, for kindergarten through 3rd grade.Episode 404, 1-22-18 – on ice on ponds and lakes, for 4ththrough 8th grade.Episode 406, 2-5-18 – on ice on rivers, for middle school.Episode 407, 2-12-18 – on snow chemistry and physics, for high school.Episode 483, 7-29-19 – on buoyancy and drag, for middle school and high school.Episode 524, 5-11-20 – on sounds by water-related animals, for elementary school through high school.Episode 531, 6-29-20 – on various ways that animals get water, for 3rd and 4th grade.Episode 539, 8-24-20

Moderna Twice As Protective Against Delta CoVid As Pfizer Vidcast:  https://youtu.be/vhmIGC8Db4k   Those vaccinated with the Moderna mRNA CoVid vaccine are now about 50% less likely to develop a positive CoVid PCR test when compared with those who received the Pfizer vaccine.  This conclusion comes from a massive Mayo Clinic Health System study.  The researchers tabulated the month by month effectiveness of the two mRNA vaccines December 2020 to July 2021 in each of 5 states as Delta became the most prevalent form of CoVid.  They analyzed data from over 636,000 patients with at least one positive CoVid PCR test.   Initial data presented to the FDA by Moderna and Pfizer indicated that each vaccine was about 94% effective against the original wild type of CoVid.   Just looking at Mayo's month by month Minnesota experience, as the Delta variant became more prevalent, each vaccine became less protective against CoVid but Pfizer also became significantly less protective than Moderna.  Data  in July for the 5 states Minnesota, Wisconsin, Arizona, Florida, and Iowa shows that Moderna's infection protectiveness had dropped to 76% but Pfizer's had dropped to 42%   The good news is that, over the same period, both vaccines remained very protective against serious CoVid infections that required hospitalization.  For Moderna, it was 81% and for Pfizer a statistically similar 75%.   With the Delta variant surging and our CoVid immunity waning each month following completion of vaccination, it is ultra important that all of us, Moderna or Pfizer vaccinated, use time-tested precautions such as masking, distancing, and ventilation to protect ourselves.  Those Pfizer-vaccinated should be particularly careful.   https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.06.21261707v3.full.pdf   #CoVid #delta #vaccine #moderna #pfizer  

CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (3:34).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImageExtra Information Sources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 8-27-21. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the week of August 30, 2021.  This week, we introduce a series episodes on water connections to the human body and human biology.  We start with some mystery sounds.  Have a listen for about 10 seconds, and see if you know what action these sounds have in common.  And here's a hint: I'm not joking when I say the answer “in jest.” SOUNDS  - ~10 sec If you guessed taking water into the body, or ingesting water, you're right!  You heard sounds of sipping water from a glass, slurping water through a straw, and a crunching into an apple.  Taking in water as liquid or in food is, of course, the first part of the human body's use of water.  Once it's inside of us, water's got a lot to do.  As the Mayo Clinic Health System has stated it, “nearly all of your body's major systems depend on water to function and survive.” Here are eight key aspects and functions of water in human biology. Water constitutes a large percentage of body organs and tissues, including over 70 percent of the brain and heart, over 80 percent of the lungs. It's a major component of blood and lymphatic fluid, which transport materials throughout the body. It's the medium for the body's biochemical reactions. It cushions and protects body organs and tissues. It helps the body regulate its temperature. It's involved in the breakdown and transport of foods and the nutrients they provide. It lubricates joints. And it transports waste products out of the body. Water can perform these life-sustaining functions because of its unique physical and chemical properties that allow it to dissolve many substances, absorb and release heat, and withstand being compressed. We'd be nowhere without it, so we close with some music for the body part that's crucial for all of water's functions.  Here's about 15 seconds of “The Mouth Reel,” by No Strings Attached. MUSIC – ~15 sec - instrumental SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of Cripple Creek to open and close this show.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “The Mouth Reel,” from the 1999 album “In the Vinyl Tradition – Volume I,” is copyright by No Strings Attached, used with permission.  More information about No Strings Attached—a long-time Blacksburg- and Roanoke-based band which is no longer performing—is available online at http://www.enessay.com/index.html. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGE Water uses in the human body.  Illustration from the U.S. Geological Survey, “The Water in You: Water and the Human Body,”  https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/water-you-water-and-human-body?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT WATER IN THE HUMAN BODY The following information is quoted from the U.S. Geological Survey, “The Water in You: Water and the Human Body,” https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/water-you-water-and-human-body?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects. “According to H.H. Mitchell, Journal of Biological Chemistry 158, the brain and heart are composed of 73% water, and the lungs are about 83% water.  The skin contains 64% water, muscles and kidneys are 79%, and even the bones are watery: 31%. “Each day humans must consume a certain amount of water to survive.  Of course, this varies according to age and gender, and also by where someone lives.  Generally, an adult male needs about 3 liters (3.2 quarts) per day while an adult female needs about 2.2 liters (2.3 quarts) per day.  All of the water a person needs does not have to come from drinking liquids, as some of this water is contained in the food we eat. “Water serves a number of essential functions to keep us all going.*A vital nutrient to the life of every cell, [it] acts first as a building material.*It regulates our internal body temperature by sweating and respiration.*The carbohydrates and proteins that our bodies use as food are metabolized and transported by water in the bloodstream.*It assists in flushing waste mainly through urination.*[It] acts as a shock absorber for brain, spinal cord, and fetus.*[It] forms saliva.*{It] lubricates joints.” SOURCES USED FOR AUDIO AND OFFERING MORE INFORMATION American Society of Hematology, “Blood Basics,” online at https://www.hematology.org/education/patients/blood-basics. Cleveland [Ohio] Clinic, “Lymphatic System,” online at https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/21199-lymphatic-system. Mayo Clinic Health System, “Water: Essential to your body,” online at https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/water-essential-to-your-body.  This is the source of the quote used in the audio of this episode. U.S. Geological Survey, “The Water in You: Water and the Human Body,” https://www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/water-you-water-and-human-body?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Science” subject category. Following are links to other episodes on connections of water to human biology.  Please note that some of these episodes are being redone in fall 2021; in those cases, the respective links below will have information on the updated episodes.  Episode 195, 1-6-14 – Water thermodynamics.Episode 287, 10-26-15 – Skeleton system connections to water.Episode 392, 10-30-17 – Circulatory system connections to water.Episode 393, 11-6-17 – Disease: Influenza.Episode 450, 12-10-18 – Neurological system connections to water.Episode 466, 4-1-19 – Water intake and sports.Episode 517, 3-23-20 and Episode 519, 4-6-20 – Disease: Water connections to COVID-19. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-3 plus 5: MatterK.4 – Water is important in our daily lives and has properties.3.3 – Materials interact with water. Grades K-4: Living Systems and Processes1.5 – Animals, including humans, have basic life needs that allow them to survive. Grade 66.6 – Water has unique physical properties and has a role in the natural and human-made environment. Life ScienceLS.4 – There are chemical processes of energy transfer which are important for life BiologyBIO.2 – Chemical and biochemical processes are essential for life.Virginia's SOLs are available from the Virginia Department of Education, online at http://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/. Following are links to Water Radio episodes (various topics) designed especially for certain K-12 grade levels.Episode 250, 1-26-15 – on boiling, for kindergarten through 3rdgrade.Episode 255, 3-2-15 – on density, for 5th and 6th grade.Episode 282, 9-21-15 – on living vs. non-living, for kindergarten.Episode 309, 3-28-16 – on temperature regulation in animals, for kindergarten through 12th grade.Episode 333, 9-12-16 – on dissolved gases, especially dissolved oxygen in aquatic habitats, for 5thgrade.Episode 403, 1-15-18 – on freezing and ice, for kindergarten through 3rd grade.Episode 404, 1-22-18 – on ice on ponds and lakes, for 4ththrough 8th grade.Episode 406, 2-5-18 – on ice on rivers, for middle school.Episode 407, 2-12-18 – on snow chemistry and physics, for high school.Episode 483, 7-29-19 – on buoyancy and drag, for middle school and high school.Episode 524, 5-11-20 – on sounds by water-related animals, for elementary school through high school.Episode 531, 6-29-20 – on various ways that animals get water, for 3rd and 4th grade.Episode 539, 8-24-20 – on basic numbers and facts about Virginia's water resources, for 4th and 6th grade.

今天來唸這一篇： Comparison of two highly-effective mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 during periods of Alpha and Delta variant prevalence https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.06.21261707v2 研究人員在一項針對梅約醫院醫療體系（Mayo Clinic Health System）5萬多名患者的研究中發現，莫德納疫苗的效力在2021年初有86%，到了7月，即疫情以Delta變異株為主流時，效力降至76%。同一期間，輝瑞/BNT疫苗的效力從76%降至42%。 莫德納抗Delta優於BNT？羅一鈞建議有疫苗就打 https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/202108100249.aspx 羅一鈞今天下午在指揮中心記者會中說明，上述研究是對比今年上半年流行的Alpha變種病毒成為主流株時期，及6月以後轉換成Delta變種病毒成主流株時期，兩種mRNA疫苗對不同變種病毒的保護力。 該研究發現，BNT疫苗對英國發現的Alpha變種病毒保護力仍有76％，但對源自印度的Delta變種病毒保護力僅剩42％；莫德納疫苗對Alpha變種病毒的保護力為86％，對於Delta變種病毒保護力為76％。雖莫德納疫苗對Delta變種病毒保護效果打折，但仍優於BNT疫苗。 羅一鈞提到，這是第一次有研究顯示不同疫苗對抗變異株效果，COVID-19疫苗對抗變種病毒效果雖會受影響，但仍有一定保護力，不會建議民眾都去打莫德納疫苗或BNT疫苗，呼籲民眾有疫苗就儘速施打。 延伸閱讀 以色列研究：輝瑞&BNT疫苗對Delta防護力僅39% （還沒有詳情發表） https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/202107243001.aspx BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant in Qatar https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.11.21261885v1 對抗Delta變異株 莫德納似優於輝瑞 https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/202108100080.aspx 根據刊載於醫學網站medRxiv的兩篇報告，美國輝瑞和德國BioNTech聯合研發的mRNA（傳訊核醣核酸）疫苗，在抵抗COVID-19的Delta變異株上，效力或許不及莫德納。路透社報導，這兩篇報告尚待同儕審查。medRxiv是收錄尚未發表且未經同儕審查的研究手稿的網路平台。 研究人員在一項針對梅約醫院醫療體系（Mayo Clinic Health System）5萬多名患者的研究中發現，莫德納疫苗的效力在2021年初有86%，到了7月，即疫情以Delta變異株為主流時，效力降至76%。同一期間，輝瑞/BNT疫苗的效力從76%降至42%。 隸屬麻州數據分析公司nference、主導梅約這份研究的桑達拉拉然（Venky Soundararajan）說，儘管兩支疫苗依舊可有效預防因新冠而住院，今年稍早注射輝瑞（Pfizer）/BNT或莫德納疫苗的民眾，可能很快就必須追加一劑莫德納加強劑。 而在另一份研究中，加拿大安大略省老人之家住民接種莫德納疫苗之後所產生的免疫反應，強過輝瑞/BNT疫苗，尤其在對抗讓人憂心的幾種變異株上。主導這項研究的多倫多「魯能費爾德-塔能鮑姆研究所」（Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute）研究員金格拉斯（Anne-Claude Gingras）表示，年長者或許需要較高劑量、加強劑和其他預防措施。 路透社尋求輝瑞評論這兩份研究時，輝瑞發言人表示：「我們持續認為…完整接種之後的6到12個月內或許需要追加第3劑加強劑，以維持最高保護力。」 Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants in vaccinated Ontario long-term care home residents and workers https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.06.21261721v1 混打疫苗可行嗎？AZ混打輝瑞/BNT AZ混打莫德納等等 https://linshibi.com/?p=39613 給長輩的AZ疫苗懶人包 https://linshibi.com/?p=39590 高端 聯亞 國產疫苗懶人包 第二期結束就緊急授權可行嗎？ https://linshibi.com/?p=39547 新冠快篩懶人包 普篩 抗體快篩 抗原快篩 https://linshibi.com/?p=36564 新冠肺炎疫情下的防疫須知 常見問題解答FAQ https://linshibi.com/?p=35408 新冠疫苗常見問題懶人包 https://linshibi.com/?p=38945 林氏璧醫師的電子名片 https://lit.link/linshibi 歡迎贊助我喝咖啡 https://pay.firstory.me/user/linshibi Powered by Firstory Hosting

台北嘉玲！今日本土僅3例。 雖然不以清零為目標，但看到嘉玲回娘家還是很開心呀。 回頭想想，從五月中到現在能到接近清零的狀態，台灣沒有停止上班，沒有嚴峻的封城。 疫苗一劑覆蓋率衝到近4成了，醫護人員和易重症的老人家覆蓋率更高。 檢驗量能從一萬多增加到一日12萬，抓出了很多無症狀感染者，試著斷去傳染鏈。 這下半場的第一次段考，雖然一開始表現立足未穩，但我們撐過來了，而且表現還可以吧？ 直到目前，我在台北街頭看到口罩覆蓋率是100%。你們呢？ Delta一度進到屏東，但在廣泛匡列下，我們硬是把他擋下來了。 很感謝全台灣民眾的努力，Alpha/Delta都不是好惹的，但我們做到了！ 幫大家打個預防針，接下來我估計還是會有零星案例，甚至一些小小的群聚都可能發生。但只要能夠及時框列隔離，把感染控制在一定範圍，我相信台灣可以走出一條防疫和經濟兼顧的路來的。 第二次段考的考題很明顯，老師已經和你說要考Delta了。 我們對Delta的超前佈署夠了嗎？有什麼還不足之處呢？ 現在還在二級警戒，心態可以輕鬆，但行為不能放鬆。 我們要好好觀察國外學長姊應考的狀況，穩健的走下去。 8/10本土確診增3例創疫情警戒新低 個案皆來自新北 https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/202108105003.aspx 陳時中說，個案分布均在新北市；其中2例為已知感染源、1例關聯不明，將持續進行疫情調查，以釐清感染源。近期確診個案解隔離情形，5月11日至8月8日累計公布1萬4583名確診個案中，已有1萬3103人解除隔離，解隔離人數達確診人數89.9%。 陳時中表示，今天新增的3例本土個案都來自新北市，這是近期新增確診病例縣市別最少的一次，多數個案之間的關聯都能及時掌握，初步研判目前國內COVID-19疫情控制得還不錯。 今天新增5例境外移入個案，為2例男性、3例女性，年齡介於10多歲至60多歲，分別自法國（案15899）、美國（案15900、案15901）、印尼（案15904）及瑞士（案15906）入境，入境日介於6月28日至8月8日。 獨鍾莫德納疫苗不減反增 意願登記破400萬人 https://www.cna.com.tw/news/ahel/202108100335.aspx 指揮中心指揮官陳時中今天承諾保留第二劑莫德納疫苗，開放第一劑莫德納疫苗施打人數所剩不多，但截至今天下午5時，獨鍾莫德納疫苗民眾不減反增，意願登記破400萬人。 國內採購或獲贈莫德納（Moderna）的COVID-19（2019冠狀病毒疾病）疫苗總數共約855萬劑，以一人接種2劑計算，將以供427多萬人施打為目標，但據中央流行疫情指揮中心統計，截至9日莫德納疫苗已超過306萬人接種，初估國內僅剩不到100萬人可打莫德納疫苗。 此外，在全國意願登記完成總人數1339萬448人中，截至今天下午5時，僅勾選接種莫德納疫苗者已達400 萬1810人，比下午1時的399萬9260人更多，換句話說，陳時中即使在下午2時記者會承諾莫德納疫苗第一劑接種人數達目標，疫苗就不會再使用，但獨鍾莫德納疫苗者不減反增。 另截至今天下午5時的其餘疫苗登記狀況，與下午1時數據相比，僅勾選阿斯特捷利康（AZ）疫苗者為106萬3581人，占比從7.92%增至7.95%；非高端疫苗不打的民眾從18萬1974人增加為18萬2262人，但占比維持為1.36%。 若將只願意打高端疫苗人數及多重選擇COVID-19疫苗中有勾選高端疫苗者加總，意願登記高端疫苗總計105萬7577人，其中該系統7月27日重啟後才登記意願者為64萬1010人。 對抗Delta變異株 莫德納似優於輝瑞 https://www.cna.com.tw/news/firstnews/202108100080.aspx 根據刊載於醫學網站medRxiv的兩篇報告，美國輝瑞和德國BioNTech聯合研發的mRNA（傳訊核醣核酸）疫苗，在抵抗COVID-19的Delta變異株上，效力或許不及莫德納。路透社報導，這兩篇報告尚待同儕審查。medRxiv是收錄尚未發表且未經同儕審查的研究手稿的網路平台。 研究人員在一項針對梅約醫院醫療體系（Mayo Clinic Health System）5萬多名患者的研究中發現，莫德納疫苗的效力在2021年初有86%，到了7月，即疫情以Delta變異株為主流時，效力降至76%。同一期間，輝瑞/BNT疫苗的效力從76%降至42%。 隸屬麻州數據分析公司nference、主導梅約這份研究的桑達拉拉然（Venky Soundararajan）說，儘管兩支疫苗依舊可有效預防因新冠而住院，今年稍早注射輝瑞（Pfizer）/BNT或莫德納疫苗的民眾，可能很快就必須追加一劑莫德納加強劑。 而在另一份研究中，加拿大安大略省老人之家住民接種莫德納疫苗之後所產生的免疫反應，強過輝瑞/BNT疫苗，尤其在對抗讓人憂心的幾種變異株上。主導這項研究的多倫多「魯能費爾德-塔能鮑姆研究所」（Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute）研究員金格拉斯（Anne-Claude Gingras）表示，年長者或許需要較高劑量、加強劑和其他預防措施。 路透社尋求輝瑞評論這兩份研究時，輝瑞發言人表示：「我們持續認為…完整接種之後的6到12個月內或許需要追加第3劑加強劑，以維持最高保護力。」 Comparison of two highly-effective mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 during periods of Alpha and Delta variant prevalence https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.06.21261707v2 Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants in vaccinated Ontario long-term care home residents and workers https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.06.21261721v1 混打疫苗可行嗎？AZ混打輝瑞/BNT AZ混打莫德納等等 https://linshibi.com/?p=39613 給長輩的AZ疫苗懶人包 https://linshibi.com/?p=39590 高端 聯亞 國產疫苗懶人包 第二期結束就緊急授權可行嗎？ https://linshibi.com/?p=39547 新冠快篩懶人包 普篩 抗體快篩 抗原快篩 https://linshibi.com/?p=36564 新冠肺炎疫情下的防疫須知 常見問題解答FAQ https://linshibi.com/?p=35408 新冠疫苗常見問題懶人包 https://linshibi.com/?p=38945 林氏璧醫師的電子名片 https://lit.link/linshibi 歡迎贊助我喝咖啡 https://pay.firstory.me/user/linshibi Powered by Firstory Hosting

Children are always watching and learning behaviors from those around them, and parents are usually a child's first role model. But when it comes to discussing racism with children, parents and caregivers may wonder how to begin the conversation about race and bias, and what is age-appropriate to discuss with their children. The American Academy of Pediatrics offers these three strategies for helping children understand and deal with racial bias: Talk to your children and acknowledge that racial differences and bias exist. Confront your own bias and model how you want your children to respond to others who may be different than them. Encourage your children to challenge racial stereotypes and racial bias by being kind and compassionate when interacting with people of all racial, ethnic, and cultural groups. This edition of the Mayo Clinic Q&A podcast, which focuses on the importance of discussing racism with children, features an #AsktheMayoMom episode hosted by Dr. Angela Mattke, a pediatrician at Mayo Clinic Children's Center. Joining Dr. Mattke is Dr. Nusheen Ammeenuddin, chair of Diversity and Inclusion for Mayo Clinic Health System and chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics' Council on Communications and Media.

During this episode, Dr. Janet Patterson, Chief of the Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology Service at the VA Northern California Health Care System talks with Dr. Jerry Hoepner, Professor in the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin Eau Claire, and Marybeth Clark, M.S., speech-language pathologist at the Mayo Clinic in Eau Claire, about improving the lives of people with aphasia, both indoors and outdoors, through the Chippewa Valley Aphasia Camp. These Show Notes capture the experiences, recollections and wisdom of Marybeth and Jerry at camp. In today’s episode you will discover the philosophy of “Challenge by Choice” as a path to personal change and growth hear how activities that reveal competencies in persons with aphasia lead to transformations in many people – students, Aphasia Camp staff, individuals in the surrounding community, and of course the persons with aphasia themselves hear how the phrase, “We are all in this this together” takes on new meaning in the real life daily activities of Aphasia Camp. Dr. Janet Patterson. In 1997, with colleagues Tom Hintgen and Tina Radichel, Marybeth founded the Chippewa Valley Aphasia Group. Shortly after that Jerry started volunteering with the group and a beautiful partnership began. One of the outcomes of this partnership is the Chippewa Valley Aphasia Camp, which started in 2004. Tom Sather, Michelle Knudsen, and Carin Keyes are also part of the Chippewa Valley Aphasia Camp.  The Chippewa Valley Aphasia Camp meets at Camp Manitou near New Auburn WI, and is a three-day retreat offering people with aphasia and their family members, activities and resources to increase social interaction and to facilitate communication success in daily life. Faculty and students from the University of Wisconsin at Eau Claire partner with staff from the Mayo Clinic Health System to offer communication activities nestled inside outdoor activities. This community partnership provides support for people with aphasia while providing a firsthand field experience for communication sciences and disorders students. Janet. Welcome Marybeth and Jerry. The idea of experiencing communication in an outdoor environment is appealing to me, and I hope also to our listeners. I have several questions for you today as we explore your work in aphasia camp. Marybeth, let me start by saying how sorry I am that Aphasia Camp had to be canceled in 2020, and I hope it will be back in business, if not this year, then hopefully next year. Thinking back to 2004, how did the Chippewa Valley Aphasia Camp grow from your work with the aphasia group? What led you and your colleagues to envision a clinic camp program? Marybeth Clark. Janet, back in 2004, it was our dream to be able to create a peaceful, relaxing retreat for individuals with aphasia and their significant others. Ultimately, we were thinking about providing the optimal aphasia friendly atmosphere. We were very much influenced by the Life Participation Approach to Aphasia. Tom Hintgen and I had traveled up to see the Aphasia Institute, the Pat Arato Aphasia Center, and we were also influenced by Lynn Fox's approach to conversational intervention. Those are the key drivers in our overall thinking of developing this relaxing weekend retreat. We were looking to create a participation-focused weekend experience that fosters socialization, and meaningful, authentic activities, within the backdrop of conversation, and at the same time instilling a sense of confidence within the activity participation, fostering a hopefulness, and promoting a sense of wellbeing. Jerry has heard me say this a number of times, but I was really fortunate when I was a young girl to work at Camp Manitou as a counselor, and then as a program director for seven years. Those experiences at camp were some of the most memorable experiences that I've had over my lifetime and I'm still in contact with those friends and counselors, and people I worked with. We talked about different venues and it all came back to, why not think about the YMCA Camp Manitou? It's a peaceful, relaxing atmosphere that has the opportunities for activity, and relationship building. It’s quiet, serene, nestled in the woods, and yet has that rustic environment to it where people share cabins, there’s a main lodge, there's a dining hall, etc. So, it just seemed to be the perfect, or at least in my mind, the perfect backdrop to provide this type of a weekend retreat. Janet. It sounds beautiful. I can visualize it up in the northern woods. Jerry, what attracted you to begin volunteering in the Aphasia Camp, and kept you returning year after year? Dr. Jerry Hoepner. As you said, in your introduction, Janet, I started volunteering with the Chippewa Valley Aphasia Group shortly after its inception and had the honor and the privilege of being mentored by Marybeth and by Tom Hintgen. They were really well versed in life participation-based aphasia interventions before that was even really a thing. They would bring in speakers, so I got to see John Lyons, I got to do an introduction for John Lyons. I got to see Audrey Holland. You know, when I was just in my formative years, they took us on a trip to Speaking Out the very first Speaking Out in Chicago, and I got to see people like Roberta Elman and Aura Kagan and Ellen Bernstein-Ellis. I was just hooked. Fast forward seven years, and Marybeth and Tom came back from Pat Arato, and Marybeth said, “We're going to do a camp”, and I don't think there was ever any question for Tom Sather and I - we were just in. With that great mentorship and the opportunity to work alongside them all those years, it was just an easy decision. I grew up camping and going to camp and fishing all summer long with my dad and my mom, so it just made a perfect fit. What keeps me going, I think, is obviously the campers and the stories that we have about campers, the students and the outcomes that students have there. But what really, really keeps me going is the great colleagues that I've been able to work with over those years. Not only colleagues, but some of my closest friends, Marybeth and Tom and Tom Hintgen when he was still there, and Michelle, and Carin and everyone else at camp, and all of our community volunteers that continue to come year after year, and that includes my dad as one of the fishing experts. So that really explains why I'm a part of this and continue to just love this year after year. Janet: I know you mentioned earlier, Jerry and Marybeth, that when you are actually in the camp for those three days they are exhausting, intensive and focused to get everything done. I imagine there must be such rewards for you at the end of those days. Listening to you describe why you are involved in the camp and how you got involved, I can understand your feeling of whatever you have to put into it is worth it at the other end, both for yourselves and for the campers. I imagine there are numerous logistical arrangements that have to be planned and managed to launch a venture as successful as your Aphasia Camp, and to keep it running year after year. Would you talk to us about the nuts and bolts of how you plan and implement Aphasia Camp? That is, what happens in advance and behind the scenes to keep the lights on, those nuts and bolt tight, and the s’mores at the ready? Marybeth. Sure, back in 2004, the initial conversations that took place between myself, Tom Hintgen, Tom Sather, and Jerry involved meeting with the neurology division here at Mayo Clinic Health System, meeting with actually two of the neurologists here, and then describing the retreat weekend that we wanted to put together, talking them through some of the financial resources, and asking their permission to go ahead then to promote a weekend retreat that would be supported by Mayo. In order to make that happen we also needed to develop or find a partner that would be a primary stakeholder with the program moving forward. We decided that the best partnership for the development of camp would be the University of Wisconsin Eau Claire, primarily the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders. Some of the financial and people resources that were utilized here at Mayo included nurses from the neurosciences department, occupational therapists, physical therapists, chaplains, massage therapists, and at that time, four speech-language pathologists. We also had to get the permission of the Rehab Services Department in order to help finance the initial weekend of camp, which looking back now was not a difficult thing to do, because of the fact that we had already identified a partnership with the university and we had also had the conversation with the neurology department. The initial planning that was involved with that first camp involved identifying the key stakeholders that we wanted involved with the camp. It was important for us to identify the key stakeholders that shared our philosophy in developing the camp. The idea that, “We are all in this together”, was valued by all of us and we were looking to provide a sense of community, a sense of activity, a sense of relationship, in terms of developing that peaceful, relaxing weekend retreat with individuals with aphasia and their significant others. The university partnership was actually the best partnership that we could have ever imagined, because of the fact that we had two speech pathologists that were teaching within the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders. In addition to the fact that we knew that in order to build this relaxing, fun filled weekend for individuals, we would need a community to help us. We would need volunteers that would be trained in communicating with individuals with aphasia. We knew that we needed a lot of volunteers in order to make this happen. And the students at the university who were studying communication disorders, were our best allies in terms of putting this camp together. In addition to the university development with the students, and the trainings that were involved with the students, we also put together an Aphasia Camp board, including the staff of the camp, the speech pathologists, a massage therapist here from Mayo, who actually was so invested in working with us that she turned out to be a staff person that has worked with us for over 10 years in putting this camp together. We also included individuals with aphasia and significant others to participate on the board. The reason we did that is because we wanted their expertise in developing a list of activities and events that would be most enjoyable to people with aphasia and their significant others. It was important for us to hear their voice and to put their recommendations and their ideas forward with camp. Another key planning step is the budget or the financial piece. Putting together the staff of these experts, including physical therapists, occupational therapists, nurses, neuro nurses that could spend the entire weekend with us, a massage therapist, and chaplaincy required some additional financial resources. It was so positive for us to hear that back then and even up until most recently, that the Neurology Department or the Neurosciences Department helped us with the financing of some of these positions. The Rehab Services Department provided the occupational therapist, the physical therapist, and the time for speech- language pathologists. To be perfectly honest, we could not have put this camp together without that financial support, both from Mayo and from the University of Wisconsin Eau Claire. In terms of working on the collaboration of the funding, some of the key items that we needed to look at were: the cost for a keynote speaker; the cost of some of the activities or the main events that we wanted to provide; the student fee, whether we were charging students or paying for the students to stay at camp and participate; the overall camp cost, meaning the rental of the cabins, the rental of the camp property, the rental of all of the buildings; and any resources that we may have used at camp, including boats, or drivers for boats, or kitchen cooks, maintenance team, what have you. Those are just some of the YMCA camp costs that we needed to consider. And then there were the other resources, including people and activities, including golf experts, community volunteers, or what we call community experts. Those individuals that we've identified that share our philosophy, that are willing to invest time for this weekend, willing to learn a little bit about aphasia and the best techniques for conversation, and those individuals that are wanting to provide an experience that is challenging, yet support the individual at the same time in order to meet their goals or to help them to be successful. Some of those individuals included a golf expert, an artist, a musician, some of the university team from the Drama Department, other individuals were from the Technical Department, Nursing Department, and the Physical Education Department at the university. Also, there were community artists, including some of the musicians, and artists, and chefs within the community that we knew were willing to participate and willing to spend the weekend with us. At the same time, we also knew that we needed to give them some type of an honorarium, pay some mileage. Also, when you're looking at providing a three-day retreat, you also have to consider the fact that there's going to be meals provided throughout that entire time and when you invite the community experts, the community volunteers, we also have to have enough money set aside that's going to pay for their time at camp and for their meals at camp. Other logistical planning centers around meeting with the YMCA camp director and working through logistics, including the actual lodging, the numbers of cabins that are needed, the number of cabins that could be used by student volunteers, the buildings that may have to be renovated a little in terms of helping us with accessibility, or even the consideration of technology with respect to Wi-Fi. And believe it or not, when you're in a woodsy-type setting, when you're trying to create this rustic, relaxing, beautiful weekend on a lake, it's difficult to have everything work from a technology perspective. There were many phone calls and many meetings just to kind of talk through some of the technology pieces and the Wi-Fi pieces, and if we had an activity that required an abundant resource of electricity, or an abundant number of computers. We had to make sure that we were in the right location in order for all of that to work. We also had to work through other logistics at camp, including some of the grounds areas. This camp was designed for children and so the pathways to and from cabins initially were like dirt pathways, lots of stone on the pathways. The pathways weren't lit very well, we had some areas of access down by the lake, or down near the boat dock in the marina, which were fine for children walking between these locations or accessing the dock or getting down to the marina, but we needed to work through some of the logistics in order to have people in wheelchairs or people who walked with canes to be able to access that area successfully as well. So that was just one of the major logistics that was involved in those initial planning years. Another piece that has to be considered is the overall scheduling and planning of the activities. Once the aphasia camp board decides on their host of activities and events, we then need to match those activities with the best expert or lead individual for that specific activity, and then develop a schedule for that weekend. It's always been very important for us to have that schedule be balanced with enough rest and activity for the individual with aphasia. This has been something that we've learned over the years and something that we continue to check at all times when we're putting activities together. We want to make sure that there's that time for people just to sit down, relax, take a walk, or maybe just sit by the lake and rest for a little bit. So, we're always looking for that for that even balance. The planning of those activities is something that we take very seriously and involve our camp board members in putting that all together. We also take a serious look at providing activities that could be challenging for individuals, but at the same time, provide that key support that they need in order to be successful. So, we take time to look for resources that would be beneficial for people to be successful, whether it be the adaptive bikes, different types of archery tools, different types of rods for fishing, art equipment that will help someone be able to do some techniques one handed, different types of cooking utensils, or cooking resources that will help individuals be successful, any type of adaptive equipment that we may need for golf in terms of helping people. Those are just a few of the examples that we need to consider when we're putting this entire schedule together. Through this entire planning process, we have a timeline that's proven to be fairly effective in order to keep us on task and making sure that we're meeting the list of activities, the list of schedules, that financial pieces are set, we've got payments that are ready to be made, etc. So, the timeline helps us to keep things moving along. As it gets closer to camp, we make sure that professionals are those experts or community volunteers are provided with the training, that they need to feel successful at leading these activities at camp. We also look then to have one lead speech pathologist and for our team, it's actually Michelle Knudson, who is incredibly organized. She has the eye for looking at a schedule, looking at a list of campers, looking at addresses, phone numbers, contact information, all their information, and then helping to put that together and organize all the communication that needs to go out to these campers in order to help them prepare for the weekend at camp. That task alone, the communication and all of that preparedness that goes into place for these campers in order to prepare for that weekend at camp, that action is something that takes a great deal of time. We actually do need one individual to manage all of that communication. I think Jerry could talk more about the student aspect in terms of the student trainings, and what we do to help them feel more successful and more prepared for camp as well. Jerry: Yeah, I'm happy to weigh in on that. I think when we talk a little bit about a day in the life of Aphasia Camp, we'll talk a little bit about that process of involving students. But as you can see, there's a lot of details that go into running a successful camp and I just really want to highlight the importance of all of those partnerships that Marybeth talked about. The partnerships with the university and with all of those community experts, as she said, to really keep camp going. I was thinking as Marybeth was talking at the beginning, I wasn't actually full time at the university until maybe our fourth year at camp, so we didn't have a direct liaison, and we didn't necessarily have funding. So as Marybeth alluded to, in those first four years, students actually paid to go to camp, paid to work their butts off for an entire weekend, which is kind of remarkable if you think about it, that we found enough students that would come in and do that. We'll talk a little bit more later about how we did get funding in those sorts of things, and what opportunities that creates for students in terms of preparation and learning. But a lot of those early days were a little grassroots and you know, us heading over to the university, providing some trainings, and we've gotten pretty efficient and dialed in on how to deliver those trainings in a way that prepares the students to be effective, and so that we can choose students that are a good fit for the camp. Because not everyone is a good fit for that context, but we think we know which ones are. Janet: As I listen to both of you talk, I started out with a beautiful vision of a bucolic area, and of a lake and trees, and then I began to hear all of things that have to go into creating this bucolic scene, and oh my goodness! You speak of a lot of excitement and cooperation, and positive things – I commend you for the efforts you have made over the years to keep this camp running. You mentioned a few obstacles you faced, such as training students. I am wondering what other obstacles you may have faced in starting the Chippewa Valley Aphasia Camp in 2004 and in keeping it vibrant for over 15 years now? I am thinking of things like permitting issues, or accessibility challenges, or liability constraints? How did you successfully overcome them? Marybeth: Yeah, there were a number of obstacles. The relationship that Mayo has with the Eau Claire YMCA was also a benefit to us because of the fact that there were some events that Mayo at that time held up at this camp. So that ongoing relationship helped us in terms of working through some of the liability types of things you're mentioning or that permit piece. Mayo put together a waiver form that we used for all of our individuals attending camp. So that was one of the first pieces that needed to happen. The second thing, or one of the most important things that we had to look at initially was, what was our process going to be if someone were to get injured at camp, or if someone needed medical attention, and that was something that was looked at by the key stakeholders, meaning, the YMCA, camp, Mayo, the university, and the camp board itself. We wanted to be able to have that process in place then in case something would happen to an individual either with aphasia, or just one of the family members. So, one of the things that was important from a Mayo perspective was to have that nurse up at camp the entire time or for that entire weekend. And so right from the beginning of our camp days, we've had a neuro nurse involved with us up at camp. The neurologist, the nurse, and the camp director then helped us work through the process, or that medical process, including that transportation, what happens when something happens at camp, how do you get that individual to the hospital, how do you access that medical team, etc. Those types of things needed to be worked out for that initial camp season. Thankfully, we've actually never had to use that process, but just knowing that we've had that nurse available at camp that we've got that process in place, has actually been really appreciated. In terms of the camp itself, one of the things that we needed to talk through with our entire camp board is the fact that these cabins have 10 to 12 bunks in them, single bed bunks. They also have no indoor plumbing and no heat. So, thinking about camp on a fall weekend, which usually our camp is the second weekend in September, forced us to also think about the weather and how we were going to keep these people warm, how we were going to make sure that people were comfortable in these cabins with the fact that there was no indoor plumbing. And then also, in addition to that, work through any types of transportation issues that we might have in terms of getting people from their cabins down to the main lodge or assisting people in getting to meals in the dining hall. It was important to us to be able to work through all the accessibility issues so that no matter how much of a physical limitation an individual had, we would be able to provide an opportunity for these people to have a successful relaxing, enjoyable time at camp. And so, we worked with the camp director, and also with the physical therapists and the occupational therapists, and all of the speech pathologists to make sure that we had taken the necessary steps in terms of making the pathways more accessible to individuals. We needed to think about lighting the pathways in the evening, we needed to use those orange cones to make sure people would watch out for any of those roots or rocks or anything that may cause someone to stumble. We needed to work with the camp director in terms of additional docking that would need to be done to help individuals access pontoons or access boats safely. We also needed to talk with them about repairs that needed to happen within the dining hall in terms of making any type of steps that were too high for some individuals to access to make sure that we had some type of a ramp or some means for people to be able to go to those areas without any type of a risk. We also made a decision early on to rent golf carts, a number of golf carts actually, to be used so that people wouldn't be fatigued, that they'd have easy access to those activities that might be off the grounds, including like an archery range, or to be able to go up to an area that was maybe a quarter mile away, in order to enjoy some biking, or to be able to take a ride on a pontoon, which, from their cabin, maybe was a tenth of a mile. So, it was important for us to be able to provide that means of transportation for them, that ease of access for them. One of the things that we were surprised at finding out and I guess, from working up there, this wasn't too surprising for me. Our individual campers really didn't mind the fact that we had no indoor plumbing, or the fact that there wasn't heat within the cabins. Everyone who is signed up for camp or everyone that we had talked to about attending camp knew that this was a rustic environment. This wasn't a hotel. This was a place where you're going to have to carry a flashlight when you're out at night, or you may need to go to the other side of a building and into a wash house, if you wanted to use the bathroom. People didn't mind that, though. They were actually looking forward to that peaceful, relaxing weekend. So yes, to your question, there were obstacles. But actually, with everyone working together, we were able to work through all of the issues without too much difficulty. And to be honest, without a whole lot of expense. The camp director and the Eau Claire YMCA were very, very interested in providing this type of an experience for these individuals, so they were on board to help in any way that they could. Jerry: Marybeth if I can add, the YMCA over the years has really done a lot to increase accessibility, not just for our camp, but for all of the camps that happened in the summer with children as well. That’s something that, you know, it's still a rustic camp, as you said. But that accessibility has really allowed us to do a lot of things with outdoor activities with sailing, and as you said, pontoons and fishing boats and kayaks and all of those sorts of things. Marybeth: Yeah, exactly. Exactly. Janet:: It sounds to me like you had this wonderful vision, and there were obstacles, but you must have had fun overcoming some of those obstacles. I can hear it in your voices. I bet it took a lot of s'mores though and a lot of discussion during those numerous meetings. Jerry: And a lot of coffee. Janet: A lot of coffee is right! Tell us about a day in the life of the Chippewa Valley Aphasia Camp. What is camp life like for you, for your staff, or your campers, and for the students? Jerry: Marybeth, maybe I'll start with the students if that's okay. Marybeth: Yeah, that would be great. Jerry: Students really begin this process months in advance, and I think Marybeth was alluding to this earlier. So, each spring around late March, early April, we put out a call for student volunteers. And typically, we get about twice the number of applicants as we have spots. So, it's a pretty competitive kind of position. Most of our students are from communication sciences and disorders, but we always have a few spots saved for some other disciplines as well. We have a kinesiology program that has pre occupational therapy, pre physical therapy, so we typically have one or two students there. We get some students from social work. We haven't had students apply from nursing, but that's always an option as well. We've even had students apply from computer science and they're a really great asset, given all of the technology it takes to carry out some of the things that camp. In fact, one of them has been with us, I don't know 10 years plus at this point, and really a part of our staff at this point. When students make their applications, we read through their essays and we try to get a sense, as I said, of whether they'll be a good fit for camp and some are and some are just not quite the right fit for camp. Those accepted go through an online training module, and then we have three face to face trainings as well. In two of the trainings, they learn a little bit about a day in the life at camp actually. Then we train supported conversation techniques. Those meetings are each two hours long. Then we have a third meeting, another two-hour meeting, just about a week before camp, really focused on logistics, last minute planning and their roles. We talk a little bit about their talents and how they might bring those talents like singing, playing a guitar playing the drums, those sorts of things, at camp, to the campfire, and so forth. We're always looking for a few crafty people to help out with things that we do in terms of prep in the evenings and so forth. Some of them have projects straight up to the time of camp, to prepare things for different sessions, and so forth. Once they're at camp, they are working hard. From 6:30 or 7:00 o'clock in the morning, they're up helping prepare breakfast and then they have a full day of interacting with those campers as well. Their roles are really to help engage people in meaningful activity, and to kind of transparently, almost like they're not there, provide communication ramps and supports that allow people to communicate within those activities. It's really fun to see a well-trained and a terrific volunteer just kind of seamlessly providing those supports while the person is just engaged in archery, or making a craft, or whatever the activity happens to be. Because of that, both our students and our campers really say that it just feels really natural. Campers often say that they feel like they don't recognize that they have aphasia for a moment or two, which is obviously our big goal for the for the camp. We don't assign students to specific campers, but we do assign them to sessions, because we want to be able to balance the number of campers with those potential supports. So, students will, just like campers, go from session to session, and engage in the session. We don't want them just standing there but be prepared to kind of step in at any given moment, to provide those supports when they're necessary. We have an expression for campers that everything at camp is “Challenge by Choice”. We want people to push themselves, but not to the point where they're uncomfortable. And for the most part, that's true for students too. We tease them that a few students get assigned to the Polar Plunge on Sunday morning, and that's kind of challenge by, you know, force, but they're really good sports, and they're always good at jumping into that ice-cold water mid-September. So that's a pretty typical day for them. A couple of other things along with interacting with campers and their partners and all of the great conversations that happen within sessions or just sitting at the campfire, each do a rotation of kitchen duty, and they help out with all of the other logistic tasks behind the scene in terms of setting up for sessions and so forth. And again, they do it in a way that is really transparent, and you can't even really recognize sometimes that they're providing those supports. Every evening after we close down the campfire, and we have these great campfires singing and telling stories and interacting with each other. After that's all done, the students make sure that the campers are returned to their cabins. And then we keep them busy for a little bit longer. So, we have them do individual reflections and video reflections and then we get together in small groups or pods, where we kind of debrief the day, what went well, what could have gone better, what their goals are for that next day. And then at the end of the entire weekend, they stay around to clean up the camp, we do another final debriefing, and then they're still actually not off the hook yet. They help us haul materials back to the university and back to Mayo. And that ends up being late Sunday afternoon by the time that they're returned. We see this real transformation for some of those students and you know just what that experience brings them. And many of the students will volunteer year after year. We have some of those students who have kind of a veteran experience and can be mentors to the newer students as well. Janet: I think I'd like to be a volunteer at your camp. It sounds fun, even the Polar Plunge. Marybeth: Yes, I was just going to add that the camp staff then handles some of the logistics early in the morning before the campers rise. Some of that early activity participation includes unloading the canoes from the racks, getting life jackets out, organizing paddles, getting the adaptive gloves ready that need to be used for canoe paddling, or getting those special adaptive pieces that we use on the recumbent bikes so that individuals that have some physical limitations are also able to participate in in biking. We're making sure that we've got the archery equipment where it's supposed to be, that we have the adaptive pieces set up, that we've got the rods with the reels for fishing, and the necessary gloves that need to be used for fishing. We also have some of our students actually take those golf carts around in the morning prior to breakfast, making sure that if people need rides down to the dining hall, early to have that that cup of coffee, or to visit with people, or just to go for a little walk in the morning. We then have students ready to provide that service to our campers. One of the things that I wanted to mention in terms of training with our students is we continually tell them that the attitude of “Whatever it takes”, and “How can I help”, is what we're promoting at camp. It's just amazing to see from the start of camp, and watching the students in terms of providing that kindness, that genuine care to foster that sense of enjoyment and that relaxation, for those campers is seen early on, and then just flourishes even more, and it's something that's contagious. We see all of our students doing that throughout the entire weekend. We hear from our campers, we hear from those individuals that they've never experienced anything quite so kind and caring and where they felt like people were always willing to help them. We also then check in with our community volunteers are those experts coming up for the day to make sure that they've got everything they need, that their activity or their session is organized and ready to go. We have one individual staff person that is basically on standby and just oversees all of the different activities, checking to make sure that if there's something that is needed, from a technology standpoint, or some device that's needed by another camper, or an instructor that may need an additional massage chair, that all of those little things are taken care of by this individual who kind of oversees everything. Then as Jerry mentioned, we just go from activity to activity and check our schedules. We make sure that if campers are interested in switching an activity or they maybe see something else that looks a little bit more pleasing to them than their original activity, then we also help to make that happen so that campers are able to participate in activities that that they're driven to and that they're really motivated to attend. Janet: It sounds like you and your staff, your students and campers are busy from sunup to sundown, and even past in your campfires. I bet everyone goes to sleep exhausted at night but very happy with their days. I can just see it and sense it in your voices as you are describing the enthusiasm you have for camp. How do you secure funding to support your camp every year? Marybeth: That goes back again to Mayo, who is the primary funding source, but also to our partnership with the university. The university provides extensive funding in terms of the student's ability to participate at camp because to be perfectly honest, Mayo would not be able to fund the entire camp weekend for individuals without the support of the university providing that financial support for students, and also providing some of the financial support for a keynote speaker we may have, or one of the main events that we may want to provide. We've also been privileged, actually, to receive some donations by individual campers. Over the years, we've received financial donations, in addition to actually receiving a couple of recumbent bikes from campers that have wanted us to provide biking to individuals, and knew that we didn't have all those recumbent bikes that had the bells and whistles that were most appreciated by individuals with some physical limitations. We were so very, very pleased to receive a couple of these recumbent bikes. In addition, I have to say that the speech pathology staff and some of these other key members on our team have donated hours and hours of their time. That's not, you know, a financial piece, but that's definitely another piece of putting this entire camp together, the amount of talent and time, in addition to the money that's needed. Jerry: I can speak a little bit about some of the specifics at the university as well. So, as I mentioned, for the first few years, I wasn't employed at the university. So, my first year in employment at the university, I applied for what's called a UW Systems Differential Tuition Grant and I somehow was fully funded for five years. Then we had that renewable for a number of additional years. So, we had three years of renewal, and then our state went through some difficult financial times, so we lost that funding. Just as we lost that funding, we had a fairly new dean, who is fabulous, supports all of the work that we do, and she secured funding for long term. Our college actually funds all of the students attending camp, travel time, time for their training, the food for their training, the lodging at camp, the food at camp, and then, as Marybeth said, some additional funds for keynote speakers or other activities at camp. Also funding for staff, for Tom Sather and myself, for all of the development time for camp, and then for our time at Camp as well. We’ve been really fortunate to be in that position of being well funded between Mayo and the university. Janet: That’s good to know. Marybeth, I am reminded of what you said earlier, that you were all in this together, and it does sound like that through the years you’ve shown the positive effect you can have on the students and the campers, and that encourages people to give you additional funding. It is great that you have been able to do this and sustain the amount of funding. Jerry and Marybeth, I imagine that despite your best planning, there have been some hold-your-breath moments with campers in camp life. Will you tell our listeners about some of those moments and how you worked through the challenges they may have posed? Jerry: Do you want to start, Marybeth? Marybeth: I'm not sure if you and I have the same thoughts here, but when I thought back on some challenges that we've that we've gone through, two of the things that come to mind quickly is ,we had one camper that that fell in one of our wash houses when they were getting ready in the morning, washing up and using the bathroom. Now, it might not sound like a big thing, but when you are hosting individuals at camp that have had strokes, or individuals that have had strokes and seizures, in addition to maybe a few other medical comorbidities, you are always thinking that if someone may fall, or have a seizure, or have some type of an event when they're out on the lake in a boat, or on a pontoon or sailboat canoe, what have you that you're always concerned as to how you're going to handle that situation. And fortunately, we've had only two situations where, in one case, an individual fell while he was getting ready in the morning while he was in the wash house. Now these wash houses have cement floors, so the individual did fall. He did hit his head, not hard, according to his father, but you know, he did hit his head and that was serious. We contacted the nurse right away, she came, she oversaw the situation, and talked with his father. He was watched carefully and per his and his father's decision, he was feeling fine, he was doing all right, they wanted to stay for the day and just see how things went. That situation turned out fine. He was okay, and we followed up with him the next day after him and his father had left at the end of camp and he was totally fine. But those things can be really scary, especially when you're out in the wilderness, and then you have something happen. And, yes, you've got trained people there, but it's not a hospital and you're not in a hotel where you can access things really quickly, either. So that's just, one of the things that I can recall that was actually challenging. And Jerry, maybe you have other ideas. Jerry: I was thinking of a couple of stories, I think it might have been our second year at camp, we had a lady there who was actually maybe only six months out of her stroke, something like that. One morning, she just decided to go for a little walk on her own and I remember kind of panicking looking around for her. She was just down the road, you know, a few 100 yards or something like that, didn't think anything of it, but got our blood pressure up a little bit. Probably the next best story is one, I think Marybeth and Tom Sather and I were involved in. We had this really cool ceremony one year where we had floating lanterns with candles in them, and we sent away our troubles and our goals for the next year, those kinds of things. If you've seen the floating candles, it's kind of like that, but you send them out on the lake. So, these candles went out into the lake and it was just beautiful, and we have just the most beautiful pictures of all of these candles floating off into the distance. Then all of the campers left, and it was great. About that time the wind picked up and blew all the candles directly to the shore, along the pine needles and so forth. Tom Sather and I scurried to the boat, and we had our net, and we're scooping up all of the candles and trying to put them all out before they hit the shoreline and started camp on fire, which fortunately we averted. But that was definitely a moment that it went from the most tranquil, beautiful setting to oh my gosh, we're going to burn down the camp. But we did not. Janet: No contingency plan for that one, just get in the boat and go quickly! I'm sure that there are many more heartwarming stories that you have from Aphasia Camp than hold-your-breath moments. Tell us about some of those heartwarming stories. Marybeth: Sure, I can start. There's one particular lady who has come to our camp. I think she's come to our camp for 12 years now with her husband. She’s a musician who played in a group when she was a young woman, sort of did that on the side sang, played the guitar, and I'm not sure if she did keyboard too. She had a stroke and had a non-fluent type of aphasia. She communicated with few words, but her facial expression and her gestures said it all. We typically invite different types of artists to camp every year, because we really want to provide that type of activity to our individuals. And we know based upon that feedback that we get from the individuals that attend camp, that many of them do appreciate art in the various arts. So, this one particular year, we invited an artist, a very well-known artist, who came and did some pictures of natural still life and a few other things, but primarily this still life was something in his repertoire. This lady attended the class and she was so engaged. and I think many of our listeners would actually say that she looked as if she was in flow, when she was participating in art. To watch people come around behind her or to come up and look at her painting when she was finished, was breathtaking. Because here's this woman who had very, very few words, who had some physical limitations, who was using her non dominant hand, and painted this beautiful, beautiful picture. For her husband to see her painting and to see her participate was simply amazing. He was so taken with her artistic talent. That weekend after they left our camp, I received a call from him, I think it was the Monday following camp. He told he told me that he was so happy to see her participating and painting and enjoying it so much that on their way home from camp, they stopped at an art supply store and he bought her an easel. He bought her all these paints, brushes, different types of paper and boards that she could work from. I don't think I'll ever, ever forget that image of seeing her paint. And then also to hear his comments about how appreciative he was that we could help to reveal those skills. Janet: Moments like that make it all worth it, don't they? And Jerry, I'm sure you have a heartwarming story as well. Jerry: I was thinking as Marybeth was talking, I have hundreds of snapshots in my mind. And what Marybeth said about revealing competence and revealing what that person can still do through those activities at camp, a lot of times it's very much like that, where they didn't realize what capabilities they had until they did it again. I'm just going to walk you through a few of them. I happen to run the woodworking class at camp because that's one of my skills. I've seen people who are carpenters and woodworkers doing this for the first time since their stroke years later. I know Tom Sather is one of our resident golfers and we've seen golfers swing their club for the first time since their stroke. Often one of the things that they'll say is something like, “Why haven't I been doing this for the last five years?”, “I didn't do it again until I was at camp.” A couple of years ago I had a young woman with aphasia, catch a 44-inch muskie on a Sunday morning, just before our closing sessions We did a little scrambling but were able to kind of incorporate that in the slideshow, and just the joy and the pride on her face when that came up on the screen, and everyone just kind of said, “What?” She had this massive fish and was holding it in her arms. We've done that by having campers lead sessions. We have a guy who leads crossbow sessions, and another one who leads cooking classes, and another lady who leads crafting and beading sessions and shows her adaptive equipment that she uses. We have another that makes candles and makes cards. We even had a partner who is a printer, and she printed all of our t-shirts, but kind of personalized t-shirts for all of the campers right at camp. That was pretty cool. So those are the kinds of things that really, really stick out to me. And then I have got to say, our students, just so many fabulous students who have this, the only thing I can say is just this remarkable transformation of understanding what it's like to live with aphasia. And what it takes to support that individual and whether they go on to serve people with aphasia, or children, or whatever it is, they've got that glimmer in their eye that says they care about that human being. And that's really powerful. Janet: I can imagine. Two words struck me in listening to the two of you talk about these heartwarming stories. One phrase is revealing competencies; that you are uncovering what has been there all along and are helping people understand how to do what they want to do in a different way or a new way. The second word that you said is transform. Students are being transformed; campers are being transformed; even you as the staff are being transformed in your way of thinking. It is your camp activities that are doing that. I think it is a wonderful thing you are doing, and I can certainly see that excitement and the transformation in you as you help the campers reveal their competencies. For our listeners who are thinking about starting an aphasia camp, well, that is whenever we can, again gather in person, what advice or suggestions or lessons learned, can you share with them? Marybeth: I think one of the very important things that people will want to consider is to take time to select the key stakeholders that share that similar philosophy. I think identifying those partnerships is critical and crucial to the success of whatever type of retreat or event that you want to provide. Secondly, I think you want to be focused on providing that atmosphere of delight. And always thinking about that, “whatever it takes” approach when developing your schedule of activities or your schedule for the weekend. And thirdly, I also totally believe that it's important to listen and involve the individuals with aphasia, and their significant others in the development and the planning of everything. I think they need to be involved from the get-go. They need to be involved in those early stages, so that we understand, we learn from them, in terms of what's going to help the most, what they're looking for their goals, their ideas, things that they want to be challenged with, what have you. I believe those are the most important things.  Jerry: Agreed. I would say just surround yourself, and Marybeth talked about this too, surround yourself with good colleagues and friends, people that you're going to want to be around for 16 hours a day, 17 18 hours a day while you're at camp, plus all the prep time. We stay up all night long practically. To have good people around you is important. Find a good network of community volunteers. We talk about this ripple effect that it creates; you know, they talk to their friends and we get people involved. We have community volunteers who plan their vacation time around aphasia camp so they can come. Last year during the pandemic I had people call me and say, “I'm so sad that we're not having camp, let me know about 2021, I want to be there.” Those people just come back year after year. Recruitment and training of students is important. We specifically seek out students for whom this is going to be a turning point kind of experience. Some of them are ones that may not be as strong academically, but really may excel clinically, or in their interactions. We think for them, it's an opportunity; we still get our pick of a lot of really terrific, strong students, but we always seek out a few students for whom this is just going to change them. Then I would just say, connect with other camps and talk to other people at other camps. Janet: Thank you both or those wonderful insights. Jerry, you mentioned a ripple effect, in so many ways. You said earlier in our interview today about the changes that happened at the YMCA camp as a result of beginning to host people with aphasia. That is a ripple effect too, of the changes that went out into the community that you have supported, the physical changes that happened to the camp, the changes in thinking people have made by welcoming people who have physical disabilities and communication disabilities. Good job for all of you, for the work you have done and the connections you have made, and the lessons you have shared with all of us.  As we close this conversation, I would like to compliment you on an amazing and vibrant program, and to ask each you to recount one of your favorite camp stories from among the many, many that you may have. How about you going first Marybeth? Marybeth: Okay, two things, and I'll do this really quickly. I think the expressions on the faces of our camp planning team, when I bring up some of the crazy ideas and crazy experiences that I've gone through in my early days as being a camp counselor or camp program director is exciting for me to see. That whole idea of the of the Polar Plunge, or taking individuals out sailing and actually having people with aphasia being the person that's leading the sailing or in charge of sailing the boats, taking people on long hikes into the woods where it's maybe a half mile and the terrain isn't great. Seeing the expression and then also seeing that next expression, which is “Yeah, right, why can't we do that? Of course, we can do that. We can do anything.” I think that's one of the really cool things when I think about camp. The other vision or image that comes to my mind is one where we help people to be able to ride bicycle by riding these recumbent bikes. For some people who've never been on a recumbent bike or have never been on a bike since their stroke, to watch them going down the road whizzing by, pedaling because it works with the type of adaptive equipment we have, is totally amazing. Totally amazing. Jerry: Yeah, I've got two big things that come to mind. One is just probably my favorite thing at camp, and this is saying a lot given how much I love the interactions with campers, but this is with my friends and colleagues when we're up at 3:30 or 4:00 o'clock in the morning eating Circus Peanuts and drinking coffee and waiting for the hour and a half of sleep that we're going to get before the next day. We goof around, we have fun, and have a lot to do, but that will always be one of my favorites. I think one of the other things is the closing ceremonies that we have where we give camper commissions. Essentially, that's their charge for the next year; “Right. So, here's what we saw you doing at camp. This is the change that we've seen in you and the activities that you undertook and the accomplishments that you made. And this is your charge for next year, what we hope to see from you.” I think that's really powerful. I just want to mention one other thing for the listeners. We have a number of publications, including one that came out this past week, and we'll make those available if people are interested as well. Janet: Thank you both, Marybeth and Jerry, for your inspiring stories, and the practical guidance from your experience at the Chippewa Valley Aphasia Camp. I have said this a couple of times today – I want to be a volunteer there, it sounds like so much fun, even if I would be up until 4:00 in the morning eating Circus Peanuts and Coffee??? Probably not the best diet, but it works at camp, I guess. Jerry: Sure does! Janet: I appreciate both of you taking the time to talk with me today. This is Janet Patterson, speaking from the VA in Northern California, and along with Aphasia Access, I would like to thank my guests, Marybeth Clark and Jerry Hoepner for sharing their knowledge, wisdom, experience and stories as leaders, campers and chief s’more makers at the Chippewa Valley Aphasia Camp. You can find references, links, and the Show Notes from today's podcast interview with Marybeth Clark and Jerry Hoepner at Aphasia Access under the resource tab on the homepage. References and Resources for the Chippewa Valley Aphasia Camp https://www.uwec.edu/academics/college-education-human-sciences/departments-programs/communication-sciences-disorders/about/community-resources/aphasia-camp/ https://www.uwec.edu/news/academics/hands-on-learning-provides-support-to-aphasia-community-686/ https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/eau-claire/services-and-treatments/neurology/aphasia-camp  

Dr. Cindra Kamphoff is speaker, best-selling author, and certified sports performance consultant. She is a based at Minnesota State University-Mankato, where she directs the Center for Sport & Performance Psychology. Cindra works regularly with professional and collegiate athletes, as well organizations like the Minnesota Vikings, Target, and the Mayo Clinic Health System. Cindra has been working directly with Hastings High School athletic teams since 2018 in a unique mental training partnership. This is an episode packed with great tips, take-aways, and advice.

We know this year has been tough. Many of us have experienced an increase in stress and anxiety. Dr. Rosean Bishop is a licensed psychologist at the Mayo Clinic Health Care System and an expert resource on the topic of anxiety. In this episode we talk about what causes our anxiety and what symptoms are associated with the various types of anxiety. Dr. Bishop also shares how we can manage our anxiety better. She shares when it’s appropriate to introduce a medication to help manage our symptoms, and when we can manage our stress on our own. Most importantly, she gives us cognitive, psychological, and mental examples for ways we can better manage our anxiety. Listen to this episode to find out more! Key TakeawaysA little about herselfCommon stressors that contribute to people’s stress and anxietyDifference between stress and anxietyCommon symptoms of anxietyDifferent types of anxietyThe most prevalent types of anxiety disorderDistinguishing features of anxietyWhat anxiety contagion isWhy humans have anxietyWhen introducing medication for anxiety is appropriateWhat makes people apprehensive about taking anxiety medicationsOther ways people can manage their stressWhat diaphragmatic or belly breathing isThe role of and humor in your well-beingWhat perspective taking is all aboutCognitive strategies she’ll recommendWhy it pays to stay in the present momentHow passion and joy can contribute to resilienceResources she can point the listeners toFinal thoughts she wants to leave listeners with LinksGreater Good Science Center - https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/Resilient Option - https://www.resilientoption.com/Headspace - https://www.headspace.com/Calm - https://www.calm.com/Dare - https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ie.armour.dare2&hl=en&gl=USMindshift - http://myhealthapps.net/app/details/463/mindshift Dr. Rosean Bishop BioRosean Bishop, PhD, is a licensed psychologist. She currently works for Mayo Clinic Health System in Mankato training family medicine residents in behavioral science and seeing patients in the primary care setting.

Mayo Clinic Health System leaders Bobbie Gostout, M.D., President, and Mary Jo Williamson, Chair of Administration, along with Asia Zmuda, Public Affairs, are joined by Rita Khan, Mayo Clinic’s Chief Digital Officer, and Sherri Gilligan, Mayo Clinic’s Chief Marketing Officer, who are leading an effort to help staff shift to work with an agile mindset.

This week on Newsmakers, we’re taking another look at COVID-19 in our listening area. First, health leaders from Gundersen Health System and the Mayo Clinic Health System join host Ezra Wall to talk about trends in our community. Then, the presidents of Viterbo University and Western Technical College, and the chancellor of the University of Wisconsin La Crosse talk about how the public health crisis is affecting life on campus in 2020.

Mayo Clinic Health System leaders Bobbie Gostout, M.D., President, and Mary Jo Williamson, Chair of Administration, talk with Jeff Larson Keller, a senior advisor and change management expert in Human Resources, about managing change and the resources available to help support you.

In this episode of “This Mayo Life,” you’ll hear from Abigail, a nurse at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, and Lisa, a nurse midwife at Mayo Clinic Health System in Mankato, Minnesota, as they reflect on their experiences as students in nurse midwifery at Mayo Clinic School of Health Sciences. Abigail shares her perspective on life as a … Continue reading On always being a student of your profession →

Dr. Jeffrey Jensen, a Critical Care physician in La Crosse and Rochester, joins Mayo Clinic Health System leaders, Dr. Bobbie Gostout, President, and Mary Jo Williamson, Chair of Administration, to share his experience of caring for COVID-19 positive patients in New York during the height of the pandemic.

When patients are diagnosed with COVID-19, they are required to self-isolate until the infection is cleared. Some patients will be at risk for complications, and may need comprehensive support at home. Providing that support is the goal of Mayo Clinic's remote patient monitoring team. On the Mayo Clinic Q&A podcast, Dr. Ryan T. Hurt, a Mayo Clinic general internal medicine specialist, explains how remote monitoring benefits patients. Dr. Hurt helped form the team that manages positive COVID-19 test results at Mayo Clinic in Rochester and the Mayo Clinic Health System.

Mayo Clinic Health System leaders Bobbie Gostout, M.D., President, and Mary Jo Williamson, Chair of Administration, talk with members of the Employee Well-Being team, Kaisa Wieneke and Ashley Musch, about the importance of giving yourself permission to take the time to focus on your own well-being and speak to the resources available to help support you through this unprecedented time.

Carrie interviews high performance coach Cindra Kamphoff! Cindra discusses her work with the Minnesota Vikings and the excitement of their recent victory. She also shares some of her top tips for mental toughness and walks Carrie through an exercise you can try at home to move from your comfort zone to your courage zone. Show notes for this episode can be found at ctollerun.com. Cindra Kamphoff Dr. Cindra Kamphoff is a certified mental performance consultant, popular keynote speaker, and author who works with professional athletes, executives and championship teams around the nation. She is the author of "Beyond Grit: Ten Powerful Practices to Gain the High Performance Edge." Her clients range from Verizon Wireless, Mayo Clinic Health System to the Minnesota Vikings. She is the Vikings' mental performance consultant where she works with the players one-on-one to train their mind for peak performance. Her work has been featured in Sports Illustrated, New York Times, ESPN the Magazine, USA Today, and Runner's World Magazine. She has a podcast available on iTunes called "The High Performance Mindset." Her Ph.D. is in sport and performance psychology, and she speaks on how to gain the high performance edge while providing practical strategies that work. In her spare time, she runs and trains for marathons. She has run 15 marathons including the Boston Marathon 5 times and in 2012 she won the Omaha Marathon.