Podcasts about royal society b

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Ein Tag mit extremer Hitze kann Risiko für Schwangerschaftskomplikationen erhöhen +++ Jede Orang-Utan-Mama macht's anders +++ Lang haltbare Tortilla entwickelt +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Climate change increasing pregnancy risks around the world due to extreme heat,Climate Central, 14.05.2025Sumatran orangutan mothers differ in the extent and trajectory of their expression of maternal behaviour, Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 14.05.2025Zwischen Fortschritt und Klischee – Frauenbilder in der TV-Werbung 2016–2024, HTW Berlin, Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Berlin, 13.05.2025Olympia-Anschlag 1972: Der Fernseher, den es nie gab, Institut für Zeitgeschichte München - Berlin, April 2025Universtität Heidelberg, 13.05.2025**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok und Instagram .

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten +++ Nicht nur Katzen, auch Hunde sind eine Belastung für die Natur +++ UK-Bürgerrechtsorganisation kritisiert Entwicklung von Mordvorhersage-Tool +++ Vor allem Frauen finden aufgepolsterte Lippen schön +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Bad dog? The environmental effects of owned dogs. Pacific Conservation Biology, 10.04.2025UK: Ministry of Justice secretly developing ‘murder prediction' system. Bericht der Bürgerrechtsorganisation Statewatch, 08.04.2025Distortions of lip size bias perceived facial attractiveness. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 09.04.2025Raising the Bar. Briefing Paper von Oxfam, 10.04.2025Hiding in plain sight: the biomolecular identification of pinniped use in medieval manuscripts. Royal Society Open Science, 09.04.2025**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: TikTok und Instagram .

While researching this episode, I stumbled across an Insta called @horrorcultureplants that I highly recommend giving a follow.Music by James Milor from PixabayInformation provided by:Biological flora of Central Europe: Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. by Lubomír Adamec (2018). Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 35, pg. 8-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2018.10.001Studies on the leaf movement of Aldrovanda vesiculosa L., part I: Process and mechanism of the movement by Joji Ashida (1932). Memoirs of the College of Science, Kyoto Imperial University, Series B, 9(3), pg. 143-246.https://www.carnivorousplantresource.com/the-plants/waterwheel-plant/Fossil Aldrovanda by John D. Degreef (1997). Carnivorous Plant Newsletter, 26(3), pg. 93-97. https://doi.org/10.55360/cpn263.jd244Prey capture analyses in the carnivorous aquatic waterwheel plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa L., Droseraceae) by Simon Poppinga, et al. (2019). Scientific Reports, 9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54857-w “This Carnivorous Plant Invaded New York. That May Be Its Only Hope.” by Mario Renault (13 August 2019). The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/13/science/waterwheel-plants-carnivorous.htmlHow the carnivorous waterwheel plant (Aldrovanda vesiculosa) snaps by Anna S. Westermeier, et al. (2018). Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 285(1878). https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0012https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldrovanda_vesiculosa

Is our universe inside a black hole? New evidence from JWST galaxy imagesNew images from the James Webb Space Telescope of distant galaxies could support a mind-bending idea: that our universe was born in a black hole. The images show more of these galaxies spin clockwise, than counterclockwise. Lior Shamir, a computational astrophysicist from Kansas State University, says that may mean our universe inherited the spin of the black hole we're currently living in, though he thinks its more likely that there's something wrong with how we're measuring objects in deep space. The study is published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Modern-day Antarctic explorers go where no-one has gone beforeCBC Reporter Susan Ormiston spent a month on the Canadian Navy ship HMCS Margaret Brooke as it took a team of 15 scientists on a research trip to Antarctica. She brings us the story of Kevin Wilcox, a researcher using an uncrewed sonar vehicle to map the previously inaccessible near-shore waters of the icy continent.Finding out what juvenile sea turtles do during their ‘lost years'Once baby sea turtles swim away from their natal beaches, they enter what marine biologists call their “lost years,” a time of critical growth spent wandering the open sea. A new study is filling in the picture of what they do during this time. The research, led by marine ecologist Katrina Phillips, involved playing a game of oceanic hide and seek to find and track over 100 sea turtles as they moved through the ocean. The work was published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.Concrete plans to transform cement production's CO2 waste into new building materialsCement production is responsible for five to eight per cent of global carbon dioxide emissions. A new study suggests that waste could be made into even more construction materials. Inspired by the way sea creatures build shells, Allesandro Rotto Loria — a civil and environmental engineer from Northwestern University — says they can use CO2 to boost the process to produce carbon-negative materials that could be used in materials like plaster, cement and as a replacement for sand in concrete. Their research is in the journal Advanced Sustainable Systems. A Dinosaur expert goes green — with a deep look at plant evolutionPaleontologist Riley Black has authored several books on dinosaurs. But she realized she had been neglecting the organisms that made dinosaurs – and all other animals – possible: plants. Her new book, When the Earth Was Green: Plants, Animals, and Evolution's Greatest Romance, looks at how plant fossils are telling the billion-years old tale of the evolution of complex life on Earth, from creating the oxygen that we breathe, to coaxing us out of the water and onto land, and even forming the forests that humans evolved in, which shaped our very anatomy from long arms and grippy toes.

Watching polar bear mums and cubs emerge from their winter densPolar Bear mothers spend the winter in warm and cozy dens, gestating and then birthing their cubs, and right about now the baby bears are taking their first steps out of the dens and beginning to explore the real world. Using satellite collars and remote camera technology, researchers from Polar Bears International, the Norwegian Polar Institute, and the San Diego Wildlife alliance, now have an exciting new picture of how and when they leave their winter refuges. The team included Louise Archer, Polar Bears International Postdoctoral Fellow at the University of Toronto Scarborough, and their observations were published in The Journal of Wildlife Management.Lousy sleep? It's quality, not quantity that may be your problemResearchers from the University of Toronto Mississauga have compared sleep in modern, industrial societies with non-industrialised societies, such as remote tribes in Tanzania and the Amazon. The team, led by anthropologist David Samson, found that people in modern societies sleep for significantly longer, but have weaker natural circadian rhythms, and so their sleep is not as functional as it should be. The researchers say that could be because people in industrial societies have lost touch with cues that regulate our circadian rhythms, like light and temperature changes. The results were published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.Greenhouse gases are messing up low-earth orbit for satellitesWhile greenhouse gases are warming the Earth's surface, they're paradoxically cooling the upper atmosphere, causing it to contract. And this means trouble for low-earth orbit as space junk and defunct satellites are not running into the tenuous atmosphere and falling out of orbit as fast as they used to. This is making low earth orbit more crowded, and more dangerous. William Parker, a PhD candidate at MIT, led this research, which was published in the journal Nature Sustainability.A 3.5 billion year old crater in Australia is telling the story of the early EarthResearchers have discovered shattered rock in an area of rolling hills in Western Australia that they think is evidence of an enormous and ancient asteroid impact. This would be the oldest evidence of an impact crater preserved on Earth, and could tell us about how the surface of our planet was formed, and even how the conditions for life were created. Chris Kirkland, a professor of Geology at Curtain University in Perth Australia, was co-lead on this research with Dr. Tim Johnson. Their work was published in the journal Nature Communications.Beyond long COVID — how reinfections could be causing silent long term organ damageIt's now been five years since the COVID pandemic stopped the world in its tracks. The virus is still with us, and continues to make people sick. As many as 1 in 5 Canadians have experienced symptoms of long COVID, but scientists are finding that beyond that, each infection can also lead to long term silent cellular and organ damage. David Putrino, who's been studying COVID's long term effects at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, says even mild or asymptomatic COVID infections can lead to a wide range of silent long term heath impacts — compromising our immune, vascular, circulatory, renal, metabolic, gastrointestinal systems and even cognitive function.

Birds are the master vocalists of the animal kingdom. They can make a remarkable variety of sounds.But why is a barred owl more of a baritone, while a cedar waxwing is a soprano?And what influences a bird's vocal range, and the kinds of sounds it can make? Beak size? Body size? Geography?To answer some of these questions, researchers analyzed over 140,000 bird vocalizations from all over the world to try to peck out some kernels of knowledge about bird calls and songs. Their research was recently published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B.Flora Lichtman talks with Dr. Zuzana Burivalova, assistant professor of forest & wildlife ecology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison about her latest research.Transcripts for each segment will be available after the show airs on sciencefriday.com. Subscribe to this podcast. Plus, to stay updated on all things science, sign up for Science Friday's newsletters.

Le Physarum polycephalum, surnommé "le blob", est un organisme unicellulaire fascinant dépourvu de système nerveux. Malgré cette absence de neurones, il a démontré des capacités d'apprentissage, remettant en question les idées traditionnelles sur la nécessité d'un cerveau ou d'un système nerveux complexe pour acquérir et transmettre des informations. Une étude majeure publiée le 27 avril 2016 dans la revue Proceedings of the Royal Society B a mis en évidence cette capacité d'apprentissage chez le blob. Les chercheurs ont montré que le blob pouvait s'habituer à une substance répulsive mais inoffensive, comme le sel. Au départ, lorsqu'il rencontrait du sel sur son chemin, le blob modifiait son comportement pour l'éviter. Cependant, après une exposition répétée, il cessait de réagir, indiquant qu'il avait appris que le sel ne présentait aucun danger. Ce qui rend cette découverte encore plus impressionnante est la capacité du blob à transmettre cet apprentissage. Lorsqu'un blob "éduqué" fusionne avec un congénère naïf, il lui transfère ses connaissances. Le blob non exposé au sel auparavant adopte immédiatement le comportement appris, comme s'il avait lui-même traversé l'expérience. Ce mécanisme de transmission rappelle des formes rudimentaires de mémoire partagée, bien qu'il n'implique ni neurones ni synapses. Les implications de cette recherche sont vastes. Elle remet en cause l'idée que l'apprentissage et la mémoire sont des processus exclusivement neuronaux. Au lieu de cela, ces capacités pourraient reposer sur des mécanismes biochimiques ou physiques au niveau cellulaire. Par exemple, les chercheurs suggèrent que les modifications dans la composition chimique ou la structure interne du cytoplasme du blob pourraient jouer un rôle dans cet apprentissage. En outre, cette étude élargit notre compréhension des comportements intelligents dans le monde vivant. Elle souligne que l'intelligence n'est pas l'apanage des organismes multicellulaires complexes et qu'elle peut émerger sous des formes surprenantes, même chez des organismes unicellulaires. En conclusion, le blob, avec sa capacité d'apprentissage et de transmission, nous invite à repenser les bases de l'intelligence et à explorer de nouvelles voies pour comprendre comment la vie, même sous ses formes les plus simples, peut traiter et transmettre des informations de manière innovante et efficace. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Text Light Pollution News!This month, host Bill McGeeney is joined by Travis Longcore, Adjunct Professor and Co-Chair of the Environmental Science and Engineering Program at the UCLA Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, and Paul Bogard,  author of The End of Night: Searching for Natural Darkness in an Age of Artificial Light, a finalist for the PEN/E. O. Wilson Literary Science Writing Award!See Full Show Notes, Lighting Tips and more at LightPollutionNews.com. Like this episode, share it with a friend!Bill's Picks:It's Almost Halloween. That Means It's Time for a Bat Beauty Contest, KQED Arts, KQED.The moon's influence on the activity of tropical forest mammals, Proceedings of the Royal Society B. Shedding light with harmonic radar: Unveiling the hidden impacts of streetlights on moth flight behavior, PNAS. Archaeologists Explore Life After Dark in the Ancient Night, Nancy Gonlin and April Nowell, Atlas Obscura. light pollution more light FRIGHT pollution (for best effect please read this sentence on all hallow's eve), Qwantz.com.  Support the showLike what we're doing? Your support helps us reach new audiences and help promote positive impacts. Why not consider becoming a Paid Supporter of Light Pollution News?

* List of Discoveries Squeezing Evolution: Did you know that dinosaurs ate rice before rice evolved? That turtle shells existed forty million years before turtle shells began evolving? That insects evolved tongues for eating from flowers 70 million years before flowers evolved? And that birds appeared before birds evolved? The fossil record is a wonderful thing. And more recently, only a 40,000-year squeeze, Neanderthal had blood types A, B, and O, shocking evolutionists but expected to us here at Real Science Radio! Sit back and get ready to enjoy another instant classic, today's RSR "list show" on Evolution's Big Squeeze! Our other popular list shows include: - scientists doubting Darwin - evidence against whale evolution - problems with 'the river carved the canyon' - carbon 14 everywhere it shouldn't be - dinosaur still-soft biological tissue - solar system formation problems - evidence against the big bang - evidence for the global flood - genomes that just don't fit - and our list of not so old things! (See also rsr.org/sq2 and rsr.org/sq3!) * Evolution's Big Squeeze: Many discoveries squeeze the Darwinian theory's timeframe and of course without a workable timeframe there is no workable theory. Examples, with their alleged (and falsified) old-earth timeframes, include: - Complex skeletons existed 9 million years before they were thought to have evolved, before even the "Cambrian explosion".- Butterflies existed 10 million years before they were thought to have evolved. - Parrots existed "much earlier than had been thought", in fact, 25 million years before they were thought to have evolved. - Cephalopod fossils (squids, cuttlefish, etc.) appear 35 million years before they were able to propagate. - Turtle shells 40 million years before turtle shells began evolving - Trees began evolving 45 million years before they were thought to evolve - Spores appearing 50 million years before the plants that made them (not unlike footprints systematically appearing "millions of years before" the creatures that made them, as affirmed by Dr. Marcus Ross, associate professor of geology). - Sponges existed 60 million years before they were believed to have evolved. - Dinosaurs ate rice before it evolved Example - Insect proboscis (tongue) in moths and butterflies 70 million years before previously believed has them evolving before flowers. - Arthropod brains fully developed with central nervous system running to eyes and appendages just like modern arthropods 90 million years earlier than previously known (prior to 2021, now, allegedly 310mya) - 100 million years ago and already a bird - Fossil pollen pushes back plant evolution 100 million years. - Mammalian hair allegedly 100-million-years-old show that, "the morphology of hair cuticula may have remained unchanged throughout most of mammalian evolution", regarding the overlapping cells that lock the hair shaft into its follicle. - Piranha-like flesh-eating teeth (and bitten prey) found pushing back such fish 125 million years earlier than previously claimed   - Shocking organic molecules in "200 million-years-old leaves" from ginkgoes and conifers show unexpected stasis. - Plant genetic sophistication pushed back 200 million years. - Jellyfish fossils (Medusoid Problematica :) 200 million years earlier than expected; here from 500My ago. - Green seaweed 200 million years earlier than expected, pushed back now to a billion years ago!  - The acanthodii fish had color vision 300 million years ago, but then, and wait, Cheiracanthus fish allegedly 388 million years ago already had color vision. - Color vision (for which there is no Darwinian evolutionary small-step to be had, from monochromatic), existed "300 million years ago" in fish, and these allegedly "120-million-year-old" bird's rod and cone fossils stun researchers :) - 400-million-year-old Murrindalaspis placoderm fish "eye muscle attachment, the eyestalk attachment and openings for the optic nerve, and arteries and veins supplying the eyeball" The paper's author writes, "Of course, we would not expect the preservation of ancient structures made entirely of soft tissues (e.g. rods and cone cells in the retina...)." So, check this next item... :) - And... no vertebrates in the Cambrian? Well, from the journal Nature in 2014, a "Lower-Middle Cambrian... primitive fish displays unambiguous vertebrate features: a notochord, a pair of prominent camera-type eyes, paired nasal sacs, possible cranium and arcualia, W-shaped myomeres, and a post-anal tail" Primitive? - Fast-growing juvenile bone tissue, thought to appear in the Cretaceous, has been pushed back 100 million years: "This pushes the origin of fibrolamellar bone in Sauropterygia back from the Cretaceous to the early Middle Triassic..."- Trilobites "advanced" (not the predicted primitive) digestion "525 million" years ago - And there's this, a "530 million year old" fish, "50 million years before the current estimate of when fish evolved" - Mycobacterium tuberculosis 100,000 yr-old MRCA (most recent common ancestor) now 245 million- Fungus long claimed to originate 500M years ago, now found at allegedly 950 Mya (and still biological "the distant past... may have been much more 'modern' than we thought." :) - A rock contained pollen a billion years before plants evolved, according to a 2007 paper describing "remarkably preserved" fossil spores in the French Alps that had undergone high-grade metamorphism - 2.5 billion year old cyanobacteria fossils (made of organic material found in a stromatolite) appear about "200 million years before the [supposed] Great Oxidation Event". - 2.7 billion year old eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus) existed (allegedly) 1 billion years before expected - 3.5 billion year "cell division evidently identical to that of living filamentous prokaryotes." - And even older cyanobacteria! At 220 million years earlier than thought, per Nature's 3.7 billion year old dating of stromatolites! - The universe and life itself (in 2019 with the universe dated a billion, now, no, wait, two billion!, years younger than previously thought, that's not only squeezing biological but also astronomical evolution, with the overall story getting really tight) - Mantis shrimp, with its rudimentary color but advanced UV vision, is allegedly ancient. - Hadrosaur teeth, all 1400 of them, were "more complex than those of cows, horses, and other well-known modern grazers." Professor stunned by the find! (RSR predicts that, by 2030 just to put an end date on it, more fossils will be found from the geologic column that will be more "advanced" as compared to living organisms, just like this hadrosaur and like the allegedly 100M year old hagfish  fossil having more slime glands than living specimens.)  - Trace fossils "exquisitely preserved" of mobile organisms (motility) dated at 2.1 billion years ago, a full 1.5 billion earlier than previously believed - Various multicellular organisms allegedly 2.1 billion years old, show multicellularity 1.5 billion years sooner than long believed   - Pre-sauropod 26,000-pound dinosaur "shows us that even as far back as 200 million years ago, these animals had already become the largest vertebrates to ever walk the Earth." - The Evo-devo squeeze, i.e., evolutionary developmental biology, as with rsr.org/evo-devo-undermining-darwinism. - Extinct Siberian one-horned rhinos coexisted with mankind. - Whale "evolution" is being crushed in the industry-wide "big squeeze". First, geneticist claims whales evolved from hippos but paleontologists say hippos evolved tens of millions of years too late! And what's worse than that is that fossil finds continue to compress the time available for whale evolution. To not violate its own plot, the Darwinist story doesn't start animals evolving back into the sea until the cast includes land animals suitable to undertake the legendary journey. The recent excavation of whale fossils on an island of the Antarctic Peninsula further compresses the already absurdly fast 10 million years to allegedly evolve from the land back to the sea, down to as little as one million years. BioOne in 2016 reported a fossil that is "among the oldest occurrences of basilosaurids worldwide, indicating a rapid radiation and dispersal of this group since at least the early middle Eocene." By this assessment, various techniques produced various published dates. (See the evidence that falsifies the canonical whale evolution story at rsr.org/whales.) * Ancient Hierarchical Insect Society: "Thanks to some well-preserved remains, researchers now believe arthropod social structures have been around longer than anyone ever imagined. The encased specimens of ants and termites recently studied date back [allegedly] 100 million years." Also from the video about "the bubonic plague", the "disease is well known as a Middle Ages mass killer... Traces of very similar bacteria were found on [an allegedly] 20-million-year-old flea trapped in amber." And regarding "Caribbean lizards... Even though they are [allegedly] 20 million years old, the reptiles inside the golden stones were not found to differ from their contemporary counterparts in any significant way. Scientists attribute the rarity [Ha! A rarity or the rule? Check out rsr.org/stasis.] to stable ecological surroundings." * Squeezing and Rewriting Human History: Some squeezing simply makes aspects of the Darwinian story harder to maintain while other squeezing contradicts fundamental claims. So consider the following discoveries, most of which came from about a 12-month period beginning in 2017 which squeeze (and some even falsify) the Out-of-Africa model: - find two teeth and rewrite human history with allegedly 9.7 million-year-old teeth found in northern Europe (and they're like Lucy, but "three times older") - date blue eyes, when humans first sported them, to as recently as 6,000 years ago   - get mummy DNA and rewrite human history with a thousand years of ancient Egyptian mummy DNA contradicting Out-of-Africa and demonstrating Out-of-Babel - find a few footprints and rewrite human history with allegedly 5.7 million-year-old human footprints in Crete - re-date an old skull and rewrite human history with a very human skull dated at 325,000 years old and redated in the Journal of Physical Anthropology at about 260,000 years old and described in the UK's Independent, "A skull found in China [40 years ago] could re-write our entire understanding of human evolution." - date the oldest language in India, Dravidian, with 80 derivatives spoken by 214 million people, which appeared on the subcontinent only about 4,500 years ago, which means that there is no evidence for human language for nearly 99% of the time that humans were living in Asia. (Ha! See rsr.org/origin-of-language for the correct explanation.) - sequence a baby's genome and rewrite human history with a 6-week old girl buried in Alaska allegedly 11,500 years ago challenging the established history of the New World. (The family buried this baby girl just beneath their home like the practice in ancient Mesopotamia, the Hebrews who sojourned in Egypt, and in Çatalhöyük in southern Turkey, one of the world's most ancient settlements.) - or was that 130,000? years ago as the journal Nature rewrites human history with a wild date for New World site - and find a jawbone and rewrite human history with a modern looking yet allegedly 180,000-year-old jawbone from Israel which "may rewrite the early migration story of our species" by about 100,000 years, per the journal Science - re-date a primate and lose yet another "missing link" between "Lucy" and humans, as Homo naledi sheds a couple million years off its age and drops from supposedly two million years old to (still allegedly) about 250,000 years old, far too "young" to be the allegedly missing link - re-analysis of the "best candidate" for the most recent ancestor to human beings, Australopithecus sediba, turns out to be a juvenile Lucy-like ape, as Science magazine reports work presented at the American Association of Physical Anthropologists 2017 annual meeting - find skulls in Morocco and "rewrite human history" admits the journal Nature, falsifying also the "East Africa" part of the canonical story - and from the You Can't Make This Stuff Up file, NPR reports in April 2019, Ancient Bones And Teeth Found In A Philippine Cave May Rewrite Human History. :) - Meanwhile, whereas every new discovery requires the materialists to rewrite human history, no one has had to rewrite Genesis, not even once. Yet, "We're not claiming that the Bible is a science textbook. Not at all. For the textbooks have to be rewritten all the time!"  - And even this from Science: "humans mastered the art of training and controlling dogs thousands of years earlier than previously thought."- RSR's Enyart commented on the Smithsonian's 2019 article on ancient DNA possibly deconstructing old myths...  This Smithsonian article about an ancient DNA paper in Science Advances, or actually, about the misuse of such papers, was itself a misuse. The published research, Ancient DNA sheds light on the genetic origins of early Iron Age Philistines, confirmed Amos 9:7 by documenting the European origin of the biblical Philistines who came from the island of Caphtor/Crete. The mainstream media completely obscured this astounding aspect of the study but the Smithsonian actually stood the paper on its head. [See also rsr.org/archaeology.]* Also Squeezing Darwin's Theory: - Evolution happens so slowly that we can't see it, yet - it happens so fast that millions of mutations get fixed in a blink of geologic time AND: - Observing a million species annually should show us a million years of evolution, but it doesn't, yet - evolution happens so fast that the billions of "intermediary" fossils are missing AND: - Waiting for helpful random mutations to show up explains the slowness of evolution, yet - adaption to changing environments is often immediate, as with Darwin's finches Finches Adapt in 17 Years, Not 2.3 Million: Charles Darwin's finches are claimed to have taken 2,300,000 years to diversify from an initial species blown onto the Galapagos Islands. Yet individuals from a single finch species on a U.S. Bird Reservation in the Pacific were introduced to a group of small islands 300 miles away and in at most 17 years, like Darwin's finches, they had diversified their beaks, related muscles, and behavior to fill various ecological niches. So Darwin's finches could diversify in just 17 years, and after 2.3 million more years, what had they evolved into? Finches! Hear this also at rsr.org/lee-spetner and see Jean Lightner's review of the Grants' 40 Years. AND: - Fossils of modern organisms are found "earlier" and "earlier" in the geologic column, and - the "oldest" organisms are increasingly found to have anatomical, proteinaceous, prokaryotic, and eukaryotic sophistication and similarity to "modern" organisms AND: - Small populations are in danger of extinction (yet they're needed to fix mutations), whereas - large populations make it impossible for a mutation to become standard AND: - Mutations that express changes too late in an organism's development can't effect its fundamental body plan, and - mutations expressed too early in an organism's development are fatal (hence among the Enyart sayings, "Like evolving a vital organ, most major hurdles for evolutionary theory are extinction-level events.") AND: - To evolve flight, you'd get bad legs - long before you'd get good wings AND: - Most major evolutionary hurdles appear to be extinction-level events- yet somehow even *vital* organs evolve (for many species, that includes reproductive organs, skin, brain, heart, circulatory system, kidney, liver, pancreas, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, lungs -- which are only a part of the complex respiration system) AND: - Natural selection of randomly taller, swifter, etc., fish, mammals, etc. explains evolution yet - development of microscopic molecular machines, feedback mechanisms, etc., which power biology would be oblivous to what's happening in Darwin's macro environment of the entire organism AND: - Neo-Darwinism suggests genetic mutation as the engine of evolution yet - the there is not even a hypothesis for modifying the vast non-genetic information in every living cell including the sugar code, electrical code, the spatial (geometric) code, and the epigenetic code AND: - Constant appeals to "convergent" evolution (repeatedly arising vision, echolocation, warm-bloodedness, etc.) - undermine most Darwinian anatomical classification especially those based on trivialities like odd or even-toed ungulates, etc. AND: - Claims that given a single species arising by abiogenesis, then - Darwinism can explain the diversification of life, ignores the science of ecology and the (often redundant) biological services that species rely upon AND: - humans' vastly superior intelligence indicates, as bragged about for decades by Darwinists, that ape hominids should have the greatest animal intelligence, except that - many so-called "primitive" creatures and those far distant on Darwin's tee of life, exhibit extraordinary rsr.org/animal-intelligence even to processing stimuli that some groups of apes cannot AND: - Claims that the tree of life emerges from a single (or a few) common ancestors - conflict with the discoveries of multiple genetic codes and of thousands of orphan genes that have no similarity (homology) to any other known genes AND (as in the New Scientist cover story, "Darwin Was Wrong about the tree of life", etc.): - DNA sequences have contradicted anatomy-based ancestry claims - Fossil-based ancestry claims have been contradicted by RNA claims - DNA-based ancestry claims have been contradicted by anatomy claims - Protein-based ancestry claims have been contradicted by fossil claims. - And the reverse problem compared to a squeeze. Like finding the largest mall in America built to house just a kid's lemonade stand, see rsr.org/200 for the astounding lack of genetic diversity in humans, plants, and animals, so much so that it could all be accounted for in just about 200 generations! - The multiplied things that evolved multiple times - Etc. * List of Ways Darwinists Invent their Tree of Life, aka Pop Goes the Weasle – Head and Shoulders, Knees and Toes: Evolutionists change their selection of what evidence they use to show 'lineage', from DNA to fossils to genes to body plans to teeth to many specific anatomical features to proteins to behavior to developmental similarities to habitat to RNA, etc. and to a combination of such. Darwinism is an entire endeavor based on selection bias, a kind of logical fallacy. By anti-science they arbitrarily select evidence that best matches whichever evolutionary story is currently preferred." -Bob E. The methodology used to create the family tree edifice to show evolutionary relationships classifies the descent of organisms based on such attributes as odd-toed and even-toed ungulates. Really? If something as wildly sophisticated as vision allegedly evolved multiple times (a dozen or more), then for cryin' out loud, why couldn't something as relatively simple as odd or even toes repeatedly evolve? How about dinosaur's evolving eggs with hard shells? Turns out that "hard-shelled eggs evolved at least three times independently in dinosaurs" (Nature, 2020). However, whether a genus has an odd or even number of toes, and similar distinctions, form the basis for the 150-year-old Darwinist methodology. Yet its leading proponents still haven't acknowledged that their tree building is arbitrary and invalid. Darwin's tree recently fell anyway, and regardless, it has been known to be even theoretically invalid all these many decades. Consider also bipedalism? In their false paradigm, couldn't that evolve twice? How about vertebrate and non-vertebrates, for that matter, evolving multiple times? Etc., etc., etc. Darwinists determine evolutionary family-tree taxonomic relationships based on numbers of toes, when desired, or on hips (distinguishing, for example, dinosaur orders, until they didn't) or limb bones, or feathers, or genes, or fossil sequence, or neck bone, or..., or..., or... Etc. So the platypus, for example, can be described as evolving from pretty much whatever story would be in vogue at the moment...   * "Ancient" Protein as Advanced as Modern Protein: A book review in the journal Science states, "the major conclusion is reached that 'analyses made of the oldest fossils thus far studied do not suggest that their [allegedly 145-million year-old] proteins were chemically any simpler than those now being produced.'" 1972, Biochemistry of Animal Fossils, p. 125 * "Ancient" Lampreys Just Modern Lampreys with Decomposed Brain and Mouth Parts: Ha! Researches spent half-a-year documenting how fish decay. RSR is so glad they did! One of the lessons learned? "[C]ertain parts of the brain and the mouth that distinguish the animals from earlier relatives begin a rapid decay within 24 hours..." :) * 140-million Year Old Spider Web: The BBC and National Geographic report on a 140-million year old spider web in amber which, as young-earth creationists expect, shows threads that resemble silk spun by modern spiders. Evolutionary scientists on the otherhand express surprise "that spider webs have stayed the same for 140 million years." And see the BBC. * Highly-Credentialed Though Non-Paleontologist on Flowers: Dr. Harry Levin who spent the last 15 years of a brilliant career researching paleontology presents much evidence that flowering plants had to originate not 150 million years ago but more than 300 million years ago. (To convert that to an actual historical timeframe, the evidence indicates flowers must have existed prior to the time that the strata, which is popularly dated to 300 mya, actually formed.) * Rampant Convergence: Ubiquitous appeals to "convergent" evolution (vision, echolocation, warm-bloodedness, icthyosaur/dolphin anatomy, etc.), all allegedly evolving multiple times, undermines anatomical classification based on trivialities like odd or even-toed ungulates, etc. * Astronomy's Big Evolution Squeeze: - Universe a billion, wait, two billion, years younger than thought   (so now it has to evolve even more impossibly rapidly) - Sun's evolution squeezes biological evolution - Galaxies evolving too quickly - Dust evolving too quickly - Black holes evolving too quickly - Clusters of galaxies evolving too quickly. * The Sun's Evolution Squeezes Life's Evolution: The earlier evolutionists claim that life began on Earth, the more trouble they have with astrophysicists. Why? They claim that a few billion years ago the Sun would have been far more unstable and cooler. The journal Nature reports that the Faint young Sun paradox remains for the "Sun was fainter when the Earth was young, but the climate was generally at least as warm as today". Further, our star would shoot out radioactive waves many of which being violent enough to blow out Earth's atmosphere into space, leaving Earth dead and dry like Mars without an atmosphere. And ignoring the fact that powerful computer simulators cannot validate the nebula theory of star formation, if the Sun had formed from a condensing gas cloud, a billion years later it still would have been emitting far less energy, even 30% less, than it does today. Forget about the claimed one-degree increase in the planet's temperature from man-made global warming, back when Darwinists imagine life arose, by this just-so story of life spontaneously generating in a warm pond somewhere (which itself is impossible), the Earth would have been an ice ball, with an average temperature of four degrees Fahrenheit below freezing! See also CMI's video download The Young Sun. * Zircons Freeze in Molten Eon Squeezing Earth's Evolution? Zircons "dated" 4 to 4.4 billion years old would have had to freeze (form) when the Earth allegedly was in its Hadean (Hades) Eon and still molten. Geophysicist Frank Stacey (Cambridge fellow, etc.) has suggested they may have formed above ocean trenches where it would be coolest. One problem is that even further squeezes the theory of plate tectonics requiring it to operate two billion years before otherwise claimed. A second problem (for these zircons and the plate tectonics theory itself) is that ancient trenches (now filled with sediments; others raised up above sea level; etc.) have never been found. A third problem is that these zircons contain low isotope ratios of carbon-13 to carbon-12 which evolutionists may try to explain as evidence for life existing even a half-billion years before they otherwise claim. For more about this (and to understand how these zircons actually did form) just click and then search (ctrl-f) for: zircon character. * Evolution Squeezes Life to Evolve with Super Radioactivity: Radioactivity today breaks chromosomes and produces neutral, harmful, and fatal birth defects. Dr. Walt Brown reports that, "A 160-pound person experiences 2,500 carbon-14 disintegrations each second", with about 10 disintergrations per second in our DNA. Worse for evolutionists is that, "Potassium-40 is the most abundant radioactive substance in... every living thing." Yet the percentage of Potassium that was radioactive in the past would have been far in excess of its percent today. (All this is somewhat akin to screws in complex machines changing into nails.) So life would have had to arise from inanimate matter (an impossibility of course) when it would have been far more radioactive than today. * Evolution of Uranium Squeezed by Contrasting Constraints: Uranium's two most abundant isotopes have a highly predictable ratio with 235U/238U equaling 0.007257 with a standard deviation of only 0.000017. Big bang advocates claim that these isotopes formed in distant stellar cataclysms. Yet that these isotopes somehow collected in innumerable small ore bodies in a fixed ratio is absurd. The impossibility of the "big bang" explanation of the uniformity of the uranium ratio (rsr.org/bb#ratio) simultaneously contrasts in the most shocking way with its opposite impossibility of the missing uniform distribution of radioactivity (see rsr.org/bb#distribution) with 90% of Earth's radioactivity in the Earth's crust, actually, the continental crust, and even at that, preferentially near granite! A stellar-cataclysmic explanation within the big bang paradigm for the origin of uranium is severely squeezed into being falsified by these contrasting constraints. * Remarkable Sponges? Yes, But For What Reason? Study co-author Dr. Kenneth S. Kosik, the Harriman Professor of Neuroscience at UC Santa Barbara said, "Remarkably, the sponge genome now reveals that, along the way toward the emergence of animals, genes for an entire network of many specialized cells evolved and laid the basis for the core gene logic of organisms that no longer functioned as single cells." And then there's this: these simplest of creatures have manufacturing capabilities that far exceed our own, as Degnan says, "Sponges produce an amazing array of chemicals of direct interest to the pharmaceutical industry. They also biofabricate silica fibers directly from seawater in an environmentally benign manner, which is of great interest in communications [i.e., fiber optics]. With the genome in hand, we can decipher the methods used by these simple animals to produce materials that far exceed our current engineering and chemistry capabilities." Kangaroo Flashback: From our RSR Darwin's Other Shoe program: The director of Australia's Kangaroo Genomics Centre, Jenny Graves, that "There [are] great chunks of the human genome… sitting right there in the kangaroo genome." And the 20,000 genes in the kangaroo (roughly the same number as in humans) are "largely the same" as in people, and Graves adds, "a lot of them are in the same order!" CMI's Creation editors add that "unlike chimps, kangaroos are not supposed to be our 'close relatives.'" And "Organisms as diverse as leeches and lawyers are 'built' using the same developmental genes." So Darwinists were wrong to use that kind of genetic similarity as evidence of a developmental pathway from apes to humans. Hibernating Turtles: Question to the evolutionist: What happened to the first turtles that fell asleep hibernating underwater? SHOW UPDATE Of Mice and Men: Whereas evolutionists used a very superficial claim of chimpanzee and human genetic similarity as evidence of a close relationship, mice and men are pretty close also. From the Human Genome Project, How closely related are mice and humans?, "Mice and humans (indeed, most or all mammals including dogs, cats, rabbits, monkeys, and apes) have roughly the same number of nucleotides in their genomes -- about 3 billion base pairs. This comparable DNA content implies that all mammals [RSR: like roundworms :)] contain more or less the same number of genes, and indeed our work and the work of many others have provided evidence to confirm that notion. I know of only a few cases in which no mouse counterpart can be found for a particular human gene, and for the most part we see essentially a one-to-one correspondence between genes in the two species." * Related RSR Reports: See our reports on the fascinating DNA sequencing results from roundworms and the chimpanzee's Y chromosome! * Genetic Bottleneck, etc: Here's an excerpt from rsr.org/why-was-canaan-cursed... A prediction about the worldwide distribution of human genetic sequencing (see below) is an outgrowth of the Bible study at that same link (aka rsr.org/canaan), in that scientists will discover a genetic pattern resulting from not three but four sons of Noah's wife. Relevant information comes also from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) which is not part of any of our 46 chromosomes but resides outside of the nucleus. Consider first some genetic information about Jews and Arabs, Jewish priests, Eve, and Noah. Jews and Arabs Biblical Ancestry: Dr. Jonathan Sarfati quotes the director of the Human Genetics Program at New York University School of Medicine, Dr. Harry Ostrer, who in 2000 said: Jews and Arabs are all really children of Abraham … And all have preserved their Middle Eastern genetic roots over 4,000 years. This familiar pattern, of the latest science corroborating biblical history, continues in Dr. Sarfati's article, Genesis correctly predicts Y-Chromosome pattern: Jews and Arabs shown to be descendants of one man. Jewish Priests Share Genetic Marker: The journal Nature in its scientific correspondence published, Y Chromosomes of Jewish Priests, by scie

Les comportements sociaux des animaux évoluent souvent avec l'âge, et certaines espèces montrent des signes de retrait ou de diminution des interactions sociales en vieillissant. Cette tendance à devenir plus asocial avec l'âge a été étudiée dans plusieurs espèces animales, notamment chez les mammifères et les oiseaux. Une étude publiée dans *Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences* a exploré cette question en se concentrant sur l'impact du vieillissement sur les comportements sociaux des animaux et les implications de ces changements. L'étude suggère que, chez de nombreuses espèces, la diminution des interactions sociales pourrait être liée à des facteurs physiologiques et comportementaux associés au vieillissement. Par exemple, des animaux plus âgés peuvent avoir moins d'énergie, une santé déclinante ou des capacités cognitives réduites, ce qui limite leur capacité ou leur motivation à interagir avec leurs congénères. En outre, certains animaux vieillissants peuvent devenir plus vulnérables aux prédateurs ou aux maladies, ce qui pourrait favoriser un comportement plus réservé, visant à minimiser les risques en limitant les contacts avec d'autres individus. Dans l'étude, les chercheurs notent aussi que la régression sociale avec l'âge peut être influencée par des facteurs de hiérarchie ou de dynamique sociale propre à chaque espèce. Par exemple, dans des espèces où les individus jeunes et dominants jouent un rôle central dans la structure sociale, les animaux plus âgés peuvent se retirer en raison d'une moindre influence sociale ou d'un statut diminué. Cela a été observé chez des espèces comme les primates, où les individus plus âgés passent moins de temps en groupe et préfèrent des interactions limitées, principalement avec des membres de leur famille ou des partenaires de longue date. Cependant, toutes les espèces ne montrent pas cette tendance. Dans certains groupes d'animaux, les individus âgés jouent des rôles sociaux importants, tels que transmettre des connaissances aux jeunes (comme chez les éléphants et les orques), ce qui favorise le maintien des interactions sociales même avec l'âge avancé. Ainsi, le déclin de la sociabilité avec l'âge varie selon les espèces et est souvent modulé par l'environnement et les pressions évolutives spécifiques. En conclusion, les chercheurs de *Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B* soulignent que, bien que le retrait social avec l'âge soit courant, il n'est pas universel. Les besoins énergétiques, les capacités cognitives et les rôles sociaux contribuent tous à déterminer comment les animaux vieillissent socialement. Cette étude met en lumière l'importance d'étudier le vieillissement animal pour mieux comprendre les mécanismes sociaux et physiologiques qui influencent la longévité et la qualité de vie des espèces animales. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Dr. Michele Gelfand is a cultural psychologist and author of Rule Makers, Rule Breakers. She joins us to discusses how “tight” and “loose” cultures shape societies. Tight cultures, like Japan's, respond to threats with strict rules and order, while looser ones, like the U.S., allow greater flexibility. Gelfand suggests a balanced “Goldilocks” approach, adjusting strictness and flexibility to suit each environment's needs, from families to organizations. She also explores online accountability, recommending "nudges" to promote civility, and sees AI as a potential tool for managing biases and promoting understanding.     Guest Bio Michele Gelfand is a Professor of Organizational Behavior at the Stanford Graduate School of Business and Professor of Psychology by Courtesy at Stanford University. Gelfand uses field, experimental, computational, and neuroscience methods to understand the evolution of culture--as well as its multilevel consequences for human groups. Her work has been cited over 20,000 times and has been featured in the Washington Post, the New York Times, the Boston Globe, National Public Radio, Voice of America, Fox News, NBC News, ABC News, The Economist, De Standard, among other outlets.   Gelfand has published her work in many scientific outlets such as Science, the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Psychological Science, Nature Scientific Reports, PLOS 1, the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Academy of Management Review, Academy of Management Journal, Research in Organizational Behavior, Journal of Applied Psychology, Annual Review of Psychology, American Psychologist, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Current Opinion in Psychology, among others. She has received over 13 million dollars in research funding from the National Science Foundation, Department of Defense, and the FBI.   As a native New Yorker, Michele is now a California transplant. She is married to Todd Betke and has two daughters, Jeanette and Hannah, two birds (Bonnie and Theo) and a Portuguese water dog, Pepper.     Show Notes (1:47) What is culture? (4:08) The age that we start learning norms (10:01) What makes a person or nation a tight versus a loose culture (15:12) How the movement of people affect looseness and tightness dynamics (17:57) How changes in attitudes occur (20:59) Tightness doesn't mean a lack of creativity (24:26) The Goldilocks Approach (30:49) Avoiding becoming too tight or too loose (32:55) Applying the Goldilocks Approach on social media (35:56) The disrupting force technology can have on loose and tight cultures (38:19) AI's ability to understand culture (41:11) What's next for Dr. Michele Gelfand (45:00) How to follow Michele's work     Links Referenced Values, Political Action, and Change in the Middle East and the Arab Spring: https://www.amazon.com/Values-Political-Action-Change-Middle/dp/019026909X Rule Makers, Rule Breakers: How Tight and Loose Cultures Wire Our World: https://www.amazon.com/Rule-Makers-Breakers-Tight-Cultures/dp/1501152939 Personal website: michelegelfand.com  

The gang discusses two papers that look at patterns of mosaic evolution, one paper looking at cat evolution and the other paper looking at bird ecomorphy. Which means the gang talks about Amanda's two favorite taxonomic groups. Meanwhile, Curt enjoys some realistic bird calls, Amanda remains a threat, and James provides relevant “facts”.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends take a look at how animals change over time and how the parts of the animals might change in different ways at different times. The first paper looks at cats and things that are like cats, and they look at the parts of cats and how they have changed. What they find is that the different parts are changing in different ways across different groups of cats and cat like things. The second paper looks at the neck of animals that move in the air. The paper is looking to see if the reason why these necks change the way they do are because of how they are trying to get food, which is what people thought might be true but no one has looked to see if it is true. A lot of work is done and it does seem that the necks change in a lot of ways that are different for different groups, but it does seem that a lot of these changes are because of how the animals try and look for food.   References: Barrett, Paul Z., and Samantha SB Hopkins. "Mosaic evolution underlies feliform morphological disparity." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 291.2028 (2024): 20240756. Marek, Ryan D., and Ryan N. Felice. "The neck as a keystone structure in avian macroevolution and mosaicism." BMC biology 21.1 (2023): 216.

Before December, the United Nations aims to have a global treaty in place covering efforts to limit global plastic production and pollution. In a paper in the journal Science, a team of scientists have used machine learning to estimate what happens by 2050 if we do nothing. But they have also found that the problem is solvable, with the right political will, and as marine ecologist Neil Nathan of UCSB points out, with surprisingly little new rules, waste could be reduced by 91%.Machine learning this week has also helped in the creation of Evo, a tool that has created a sort of chat-GPT for the language of life, DNA. Patrick Hsu, of the University of California at Berkeley is very optimistic that the power of this tool both to predict function and one day even design whole organisms is a foundational new approach. Migratory birds navigate vast distances without GPS. It's long been strongly suspected that they use the earth's magnetic field to find their way, but Richard Holland of Bangor University and colleagues have found nuance in the way they do, and publish their findings in Proceedings of the Royal Society B this week. Using electromagnetic cages they have fooled individual warblers into acting as if they were in Russia, whilst actually still being in Austria.Meanwhile, Daniele Sorini, a cosmologist at Durham University has been thinking about dark energy and the possibility of our existence. In a thought experiment wondering what changing the density of dark energy would do to the likelihood of our being here to even think about it. Slightly contrary to what many reason is the fine-tuning of universal constants to allow us, as intelligent observers, to exist, Daniele and colleagues calculate that actually our observed density of dark energy is not the most likely to allow intelligent life. If there are other universes in the multiverse, most observers would think there was much more dark energy than we do. You can read up about it in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, if you are an intelligent observer yourself.Presenter: Roland Pease Producer: Alex Mansfield with Eliane Glaser Production Coordinator: Jana Bennett-Holesworth (Image: Plastic waste issues in Philippines. Credit: Daniel Ceng/Anadolu via Getty Images)

Crocodiles and apes have a long history together, and they might have been dining on our young... Become a Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/herphighlights Merch: https://www.redbubble.com/people/herphighlights/shop Full reference list available here: http://www.herphighlights.podbean.com Main Paper References: Thévenet J, Papet L, Coureaud G, Boyer N, Levréro F, Grimault N, Mathevon N. 2023. Crocodile perception of distress in hominid baby cries. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 290:20230201. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.0201. Other Mentioned Papers/Studies: Seilern-Macpherson K, Lawson B, Macadam CR, West P, Reed N, Gibson L, Świątek P, Gajda Ł, Cunningham AA, Heaver J, Julian AM. 2024. Predation of anurans in southern England by Batracobdella algira, a leech previously unknown in the UK. The Herpetological Journal 34:221–227. DOI: 10.33256/34.4.221227. King RB, Ray JM, Stanford KM. 2006. Gorging on gobies: beneficial effects of alien prey on a threatened vertebrate. Canadian Journal of Zoology 84:108–115. DOI: 10.1139/z05-182. Massenet M, Anikin A, Pisanski K, Reynaud K, Mathevon N,  Reby D. 2022. Nonlinear vocal phenomena affect human perceptions of distress, size and dominance in puppy whines. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 289(1973), 20220429. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0429 Other Links/Mentions: Alligator sounds from AGKrokodile: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XkW7-KpOQLA

Scientists have just found that the best way to burn more calories is to snack - exercise snack that is! The research published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B found that climbing stairs or walking for short bursts resulted in people consuming 20 percent to 60 percent more energy than if they did the same activity nonstop for the same distance. The study compared the oxygen and energy demands of volunteers walking or climbing stairs. It found that the first moments of activity are the least efficient. Much like how a car consumes more fuel when starting up, the human body uses more energy at the beginning of a walk or climb before it hits its stride. To gather these insights, researchers measured the oxygen consumption of participants across different walking speeds and durations, from as short as 10 seconds to up to four minutes. They found that short bursts of walking or stair-climbing demanded significantly more energy than continuous walking over the same distance. This research reinforces the health benefits of brief, energetic movements, known as 'exercise snacks' - which involve short bursts of activity lasting just a minute or two. These mini workouts can be especially beneficial for people who lead sedentary lifestyles or have limited mobility, including those with obesity or recovering from strokes. While most studies on walking have focused on steady-state exercises lasting several minutes, this research offers new insights into the benefits of shorter bursts. It also highlights the potential for designing rehabilitation programs tailored to those who may not be able to walk for extended periods, such as elderly individuals or those with gait disorders. By rethinking how we measure the energy demands of walking, this study opens the door to more inclusive and effective approaches to physical activity for all. Some examples of 'exercise snacks' include: Stair climbing Jumping jacks. Jumping rope. Chair squats. Lunges. Sprints. Pushups. Mountain climbers. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The gang discusses two papers that look at convergence (maybe?) in modern arthropods. The first paper looks at plant/ant symbiosis in a genus of ants, and the second paper looks at color patterns in crayfish. Meanwhile, James sees through time, Amanda disappears, and Curt plays on everyone's worst fears.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The up-goer thing is back and able to be used so we are now happy! The friends look at two papers that look at how animals can look a lot like each other. In this case the animals are really small and made of small hard parts put together. The first paper is looking at some of these small animals that live on trees. These small animals can either live in a lot of trees or just one type of tree. The animals that live on just one type of tree also look a lot like each other. This paper looks at how and why this could be. The second paper looks at the color of small but angry animals that live along big bits of water. These animals can be lots of colors. They find that different colors appear many times in this group. They look to see if there are any reasons why, and what they find is that maybe color is changing because color is not a big deal for the animals that are living under the ground.   References: Probst, Rodolfo S., John T. Longino, and Michael G. Branstetter. "Evolutionary déjà vu? A case of convergent evolution in an ant–plant association." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 291.2026 (2024): 20241214. Graham, Zackary A., and Dylan J. Padilla Perez. "Correlated evolution of conspicuous colouration and burrowing in crayfish." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 291.2026 (2024): 20240632. Thumbnail photo by Vojtěch Zavadil - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=9959681

The gang discusses two papers that look at modern bird migration patterns. The first paper looks at breading and migration patterns of the American woodcock, and the second paper looks at how migration could function as a motor of island speciation. Meanwhile, James is cursed with consciousness, Amanda is on point, and Curt's jokes are consistently ignored.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends talk about two papers that look at how animals that move in the sky may move a long way to get to a new home every year. The first paper looks at one fun animal that moves up and down along the land where the friends live as everything gets warmer or colder. People have now been following these animals using big things in space that can show where something is, and this is what the paper uses to see how these animals move and how long they stay in one place. They also have people go to these places to make sure the animals are really there and that they are doing the things they think they are doing. This paper finds that these animals also make babies in many of the places that they go. Many animals that move a lot will only have babies once when they get to their new home, but these animals keep making babies in different places as they move. This paper shows that they are doing it and gives some ideas as to why they might be doing this. The second papers looks to see if some of the animals that are stuck on small land with water on all sides. This paper wants to know if a lot of those animals come from animals moving a long way to a new home and getting lost and ending up on this small land. They run a lot of studies to see how many of these animals may have ended up on these small lands this way. And then, they look at other things that these animals have to see if there are big reasons why some animals get stuck. What they find is that a lot of the animals are there because they go stuck. They also find that animals that live in a lot of places and that move with a lot of other animals were the ones that were going to get stuck. This could be because having more of you in more places makes it so you can have at least one group of animals get stuck.   References: Slezak, Colby R., et al. "Unconventional life history in a migratory shorebird: desegregating reproduction and migration." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 291.2021 (2024): 20240021. Dufour, Paul, et al. "The importance of migratory drop-off for island colonization in birds." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 291.2021 (2024): 20232926.

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ WHO fordert mehr Anstrengungen im Kampf gegen Alkohol +++ Frauen riechen während des Eisprungs nicht unbedingt attraktiver +++ Komodowarane haben Gebiss wie aus Stahl +++ **********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Global status report on alcohol and health and treatment of substance use disorders/ WHO, 25.07.2024Combined perceptual and chemical analyses show no compelling evidence for ovulatory cycle shifts in women's axillary odour/ Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 24.07.2024Iron-coated Komodo dragon teeth and the complex dental enamel of carnivorous reptiles/ Nature Ecology & Evolution, 24.07.2024Global atmospheric methane uptake by upland tree woody surfaces/ Nature, 24.07.2024Chemical analysis of fragments of glass and ceramic ware from Tycho Brahe's laboratory at Uraniborg on the island of Ven (Sweden)/ Heritage Science, 25.07.2024Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: Tiktok und Instagram.

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Europium günstig aus Elektroschrott gewinnen +++ Sturmvögel fliegen Sturm hinterher +++ Neuer europäischer Raketentyp im All +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Recovery of europium from E-waste using redox active tetrathiotungstate ligands/ Nature Communications, 03.06.2024Oceanic seabirds chase tropical cyclones/ Current Biology, 09.07.2024Europe's new Ariane 6 rocket powers into space/ ESA, 09.07.2024Heart rate monitoring reveals differential seasonal energetic trade-offs in male noctule bats/ Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 10.07.2024Comptonatus chasei, a new iguanodontian dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Wessex Formation of the Isle of Wight, southern England/ Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 09.07.2024Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: Tiktok und Instagram.

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Wir produzieren mehr klimaschädliches Lachgas +++ Milliarden Insekten fliegen im Winter nach Süden +++ Offenbar kein Zusammenhang zwischen Penis-Größe und Waffenkauf +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Global nitrous oxide budget (1980–2020), Earth System Science Data, 12.06.2024The most remarkable migrants—systematic analysis of the Western European insect flyway at a Pyrenean mountain pass, Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Biological Sciences, 12.06.2024Size Matters? Penis Dissatisfaction and Gun Ownership in America, American Journal of Men's Health, 31.05.2024Cosmic kidney disease: an integrated pan-omic, physiological and morphological study into spaceflight-induced renal dysfunction, Nature Communications, 11.06.2024From the Berelekh ‘mammoth graveyard' to Berelekh geo-archaeological complex: Paleoenvironment, site formation processes, and human-mammoth relationships, Quaternary Science Reviews, 15.06.2024**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: Tiktok und Instagram.

Joseph chats with Prof. Nicholas Shea, Professor of Philosophy at the Institute of Philosophy, University of London and associate member of the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Oxford. Prof. Shea is an interdisciplinary philosopher of mind and cognitive science, and has published work on mental representation, inheritance systems, consciousness, AI, and the metaphysics of mind. In this episode Joseph and Prof. Shea chat about two ways of thinking about concepts in human adults, babies, non-human animals, and artificial neural networks. References:Shea, N. (2023). Concepts as plug & play devices. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 378(1870), 20210353.Shea, N. (2023). Moving beyond content‐specific computation in artificial neural networks. Mind & Language, 38(1), 156-177.Shea, N. (2018). Representation in cognitive science. Oxford University Press.Shea, N. (2015). Distinguishing top-down from bottom-up effects. Perception and its modalities, 73-91.

The gang discusses two papers that look into long term trends in body size over time. The first paper looks at body size trends in corals, and the second looks at body size and ecology of terror birds. Meanwhile, James loses a bit of himself, Amanda is bad at transitions, and Curt goes places no one wants to go.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends talk about two papers that look at how big things are and how that changes over time. The first paper looks at tiny animals that live together in a group and share their homes with even smaller living things that help give them food. It turns out that being small makes it good for the smaller things living with them. So this paper wants to see if these animals have been getting smaller over time. Turns out that it is not that easy, and that some of these earlier animals were bigger than today but probably did have even smaller living things with them helping them. But it seems like there is some bit of these animals getting smaller, so maybe these animals have gotten better at building homes for these even smaller living things. The second paper looks at big angry animals that are close to things that can fly but these big angry animals could not fly. This paper looks to see if these animals lived at the same time and did the same things and were as big as each other, or do we see these animals doing different things at the same time or with one of them being bigger than the other. They find that most of the time, when there are two of these animals living at the same time, they are either doing different things or one of them is much bigger than the other. The paper says this shows that these animals were trying not to fight each other for the same stuff, but the friends have other questions about what could be going on.   References: LaBarge, Thomas W., Jacob D. Gardner, and Chris L. Organ. "The evolution and ecology of gigantism in terror birds (Aves, Phorusrhacidae)." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 291.2021 (2024): 20240235. Dimitrijević, Danijela, Nussaïbah B. Raja, and Wolfgang Kiessling. "Corallite sizes of reef corals: decoupling of evolutionary and ecological trends." Paleobiology 50.1 (2024): 43-53.

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten +++ Forschende verstehen jetzt zwei unterschiedliche Erdmännchen-Laute +++ Auch Gerüche in der Natur tun uns gut +++ Bewegung über Schrittzahl oder Aktivitätsdauer tracken? +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:Mapping vocal interactions in space and time differentiates signal broadcast versus signal exchange in meerkat groups. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 20.05.2024.Nature and human well-being: The olfactory pathway. Science Advances, 15.05.2024.Time vs. Step-Based Physical Activity Metrics for Health. JAMA Internal Medicine, 20.05.2024.Puppy whines mediate maternal behavior in domestic dogs. PNAS, 20.05.2024.Häusliche Pflege im Fokus: Eigenleistungen, Belastungen und finanzielle Aufwände. WIdOmonitor (AOK), 1/2024.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: Tiktok und Instagram.

The gang discusses two papers that look at the shark fossil record. The first paper looks into the completeness of the record, and the second paper discusses the ecological implications of an exceptionally preserved specimen. Meanwhile, James has ideas of what is normal, Curt has a hard out, and Amanda shows her specific history interests.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends talk about two papers that look at animals with lots of soft parts that move through the water and have lots and lots of teeth. The first paper is looking at how well we know these animals in the past, since most of the time we may only know them by their teeth. They do a lot of things to see how much of the animals we have at any time. What they find is that, most of the time, we do not have many parts of these animals. However, there are some times in the past when we do see more parts that are not just teeth, so there might be times in the past that were better and making sure the soft parts were able to stick around and be found later. But most of the time, we really only have teeth or a few other parts, and that this makes these animals different from most other animals that are close to them and that makes sense because the rest of these animals have hard parts where these animals have soft parts. The second paper looks at one of these animals with soft parts where those soft parts were found today. This is the first time this type of animal has been found with its soft parts. Most of the time, we just find the teeth, which look like they were good at breaking hard things. With the soft parts, we can get an idea of how it would move through the water and if it was slow or fast. We can also find out what its brothers and sisters were. What they find is that the soft parts show that this animal looked like a lot of the animals in this group we see today that are not breaking hard things but are catching fast moving food in the water. This is not something we would think would happen, because today animals that have teeth like the ones this animal had don't need to move very fast to catch their food. This shows that this animal was doing something that we don't see today. This might be because there were lots of animals with hard parts on the outside that were moving in the water really fast at that time, which this one animal would have tried to catch for food.   References: Schnetz, Lisa, et al. "The skeletal completeness of the Palaeozoic chondrichthyan fossil record." Royal Society Open Science 11.1 (2024): 231451. Vullo, Romain, et al. "Exceptionally preserved shark fossils from Mexico elucidate the long-standing enigma of the Cretaceous elasmobranch Ptychodus." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 291.2021 (2024): 20240262.

In this episode: Jen talks about a scientific study published in early 2024 that found that early humans with ADHD-like tendencies (impulsivity, an urge for risk taking, and an inability to stay still for too long) are a big reason why our species not only survived but developed certain levels of survival intelligence. In hunter-gatherer societies, ADHD brains flourished and evolved as opposed to the modern world where having ADHD is seen as a disadvantage.  Jen also talks about the Survivor contestant who was voted off because of her ADHD. For exclusive podcast content join the You Are A Lot podcast patreon at patreon.com/ALOTADHDPOD for just $5 a month. You can sign up for a 7 Day Free Trial today! Click here to write a 5-star review of the podcast Visit the “You Are A Lot” (an adhd podcast) webpage Send an email to the podcast at alotadhdpod at gmail dot com Follow Jen on Instagram Follow Jen on Tik Tok For More Info on Jen SOURCES USED FOR THIS EPISODE: ADHD Might Have Been An Evolutionary Advantage (article) - The Guardian ADHD/Hyperactive Hunger-Gatherers (article) - Heathline The Evolution of Cognitive Diversity (study) - National Library of Medicine Attention Deficits Linked With Proclivity to Forage (study) - Proceedings of the Royal Society B

The gang discusses two papers that look at the morphology and ecology of early fishes. The first paper investigates a hypothesis for how the pectoral girdle could have evolved, and the second paper looks at the functional morphology of a Paleozoic jawless fish. Meanwhile, Amanda missed some context, James throws some shade, and Curt is annoyed by AI.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends talk about two papers that look at animals from a long time ago that live in water. The first paper looks at how part of the shoulder in people may have first started as a part of another part of the animal in these animals that lived in water a long long time ago. They find these parts of this animals from a long long time ago that they can use to see how the parts around the head grew. They use this to say that the shoulder parts may have started as a part of the thing these animals use to breath. The second paper looks at the mouth of a type of animal that lived in water a long long time ago that did not have a hard part in the mouth to move up and down and eat food. They use an animal they found with a lot of parts to see how these animals may have lived and what they could have eaten. They find that this animal could have been picking up food from ground at the bottom of the water or they could have been of taking food out of the water. This shows that even animals without a hard part to move up and down to eat food were finding ways to eat a lot of different things.   References: Brazeau, Martin D., et al. "Fossil evidence for a pharyngeal origin of the vertebrate pectoral girdle." Nature 623.7987 (2023): 550-554. Dearden, Richard P., et al. "The three-dimensionally articulated oral apparatus of a Devonian heterostracan sheds light on feeding in Palaeozoic jawless fishes." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 291.2019 (2024): 20232258.

Die Themen in den Wissensnachrichten: +++ Gamification kann Produktivität erhöhen, aber auch unter Druck setzen +++ Zu wenig Schlaf lässt um Jahre älter fühlen +++ Panda im Berliner Zoo künstlich befruchtet +++**********Weiterführende Quellen zu dieser Folge:The effects of gamification for manufacturing (GfM) on workers and production in industrial assembly, Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 19.01.2024Sleep and subjective age: protect your sleep if you want to feel young, Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 27.03.2024Climate change impacts and adaptations of wine production, Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 26.03.2024Circular economy meets building automation, Journal of Physics: Conference SeriesPredicting and improving complex beer flavor through machine learning, Nature Communications, 26.03.2024Alle Quellen findet ihr hier.**********Ihr könnt uns auch auf diesen Kanälen folgen: Tiktok und Instagram.

The gang discusses two papers that look at the fossil frog record. The first paper identifies fossil frogs from Antarctica, and the second paper looks at some exceptional soft-tissue preservation. Meanwhile, James has ideas for expanding the brand, Amanda asks for clarification on an important topic, and Curt makes some executive decisions.   Up-Goer Five (James Edition): The group looks at two papers that are interested in animals that are wrong and good at jumping and live in the water but some can walk on land and climb trees. The first paper is looking at one from the very cold land in the bottom of the round thing we live on, where we do not find any of them today because it is too cold. The animal is known by two small bits but we can tell what type of jumping thing it is and so we know it is part of a group that is found in two areas that do not touch today, but the place at the bottom of the round thing we live on is between them, so that makes sense! But it is very cold today, so that is strange, but the animal being there and the things we find with it seems to show that is must have been a little hotter then. The second paper is looking at one of the animals that is good at jumping that is found with lots of round things that become babies in it. This is very cool because the animal is also still soft in places in it that means it was not the most grown it could be and so was making babies when it was still young. There is also a thought that the animal may have died while trying to make babies which is interesting.   References: Mörs, Thomas, Marcelo Reguero, and  Davit Vasilyan. "First fossil frog from Antarctica: implications for  Eocene high latitude climate conditions and Gondwanan cosmopolitanism of  Australobatrachia." Scientific Reports 10.1 (2020): 5051. Du, Baoxia, et al. "A cretaceous frog  with eggs from northwestern China provides fossil evidence for sexual  maturity preceding skeletal maturity in anurans." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 291.2016 (2024): 20232320.

In a recent study published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, scientists explore the playful teasing behaviours of four types of great apes. Guest: Erica Cartmill, Professor of Anthropology, Cognitive Science, and Animal Behavior at Indiana University Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Seg 1: Are there examples of humour in the Animal world? In a recent study published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, scientists explore the playful teasing behaviours of four types of great apes Guest: Erica Cartmill, Professor of Anthropology, Cognitive Science, and Animal Behavior at Indiana University Seg 2: A rare total eclipse is coming to Canada It doesn't happen very often, but a rare solar eclipse will be highly visible in Canada this year. Guest: Scott Shantz, Contributor for Mornings with Simi Seg 3: View From Victoria:  Back in the day David Eby advocated openness and transparency regarding the cost of the 2010 Winter Olympics, but a different story now with FIFA. Guest: Vaughn Palmer, Vancouver Sun Columnist Seg 4: Why do Canada's cheap airlines keep failing? Lynx Air's recent closure follows a pattern of low-cost airlines facing challenges in the Canadian market. Guest: John Gradek, Aviation Management Professor at McGill University Seg 5: What is looksmaxing? Have you heard of Looksmaxing? It's a new tiktok trend, and if you have young or teenaged kids, you should probably be concerned. Guest: Scott Shantz, CKNW Contributor Seg 6: What can we expect from Super Tuesday? Super Tuesday, a pivotal moment in the U.S. presidential primary season, involves voters from 15 states and one territory participating in selecting their party's nominee. Guest: Reggie Cecchini, Washington Correspondent for Global News Seg 7: Are BC's overdose numbers accurate? There are concerns surrounding the death investigation practices of the BC Coroners Service due to the low autopsy rate, primarily in suspected overdose cases, which raises questions about the adequacy of the province's investigative process. Guest: Jen St. Denis, Civic Reporter for The Tyee Seg 8: What's causing the measles outbreak in Canada? Amidst a rising number of measles outbreaks in the United States and Europe, health officials in Canada are sounding alarms regarding the potential for similar outbreaks within our borders. Guest: Dr. Isaac Bogoch, Infectious Disease Specialist at the University Health Network Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Sex and creativity…what do they have in common? Turns out, a LOT more than you may think. But how do we tap into those similarities? And how can we use them to improve BOTH? Even both at the same time?  It's what I'm digging into on this episode of the Honest Art Podcast. Tune in to see the correlation between sex and creativity, and how improving one almost always improves the other.   Make sure to subscribe to this podcast so you don't miss a thing! And don't forget to come hang with me on Instagram @jodie_king_. Interested in being a guest on a future episode of Honest Art? Email me at amy@jodieking.com! Resources mentioned: Studio Elite: https://www.jodiekingart.com/studioelite    The Proceedings of the Royal Society (B), Creativity Linked to Active Sex Life: https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna10253413  Think and Grow Rich by Napoleon Hill: https://amzn.to/3teWYzH  Your Brain on Art: How the Arts Transform Us by Susan Magsamen and Ivy Ross: https://amzn.to/3RqGDzQ   The Creative ACT: A Way of Being by Rick Rubin: https://amzn.to/3Nupu7o  Sara Blakely, Founder of Spanx: https://www.instagram.com/sarablakely/?hl=en  Have a question for Jodie? Ask it here: https://forms.gle/hxrVu4oL4PVCKwZm6  For a full list of show notes and links, check out my blog: www.jodieking.com/podcast  

Last Episode of 2023! Host Bill McGeeney is joined by 2023 Dark Sky Int'l Rising Star Award Recipient, Bonnie Peng, photographer of the new book, Spirits Dancing, Travis Novitsky, and Dark Skies Initiative Coordinator for the McDonald Observatory, Stephen Hummel. See Full Show Notes, Lighting Tips and more at LightPollutionNews.com. Like this episode, share it with a friend!Bill's Picks: F1 bans three key colours from Sphere during Vegas GP action, Adam Cooper, Autosport. Artificial light at night: a global disruptor of the night-time environment, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. Nighttime drone shows gaining more popularity, WVLT News. 5 Things You Can Do to Reduce Light Pollution, Madeleine Burry, AAA.SIU student's campaign illuminates light pollution and its impact on wildlife, Carly Gist, Daily Egyptian.DARK SKIES: Students invited to count stars to pinpoint areas of light pollution in southwestern N.S., Tina Comeau, Saltwire. Low-cost air, noise, and light pollution measuring station with wireless communication and tinyML, Hardware X. Livin' the Dream: Stars in a dark night sky, Mountain Times.Support the showLike what we're doing? For the cost of coffee, you can become a Monthly Supporter? Your assistance will help cover server and production costs.

The gang discusses two papers that look at plankton through time. The first paper looks at some Cambrian acritarch fossils and shows that they are likely colonial algae, and the second paper looks at how shifting temperature affected plankton distribution across the Cenozoic. Meanwhile, everyone stays completely on task with the stated goals of this podcast: a detailed (and wrong) discussion on the events of the movie “The Hunt for Red October”. Yes, it is going to be “one of those” podcasts.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends talk about two papers that look at things that live in the water without having to move parts to stay in the water and maybe they are single cells and maybe they are groups of cells. The first paper looks very very old things that live in the water. These old things are so old and hard to figure out that people are not always sure what they are. These things are often thought to be all single cells. This paper shows that some of these things that are very old might be groups of cells that are living together. The way that these cells group together does look like some things that live in the water today that make food from the sun. This paper shows that this type of cell or something like it might have been around a very very long time ago. The second paper looks at how where things living in the water but not moving and maybe they are single cells and maybe they are groups of cells, could have lived when things got cold in the past. They see that there are changes in the types of these things over time and where the live. They show that the way things are today is because it was getting colder. It also shows that, when things warm up, we might see some big changes in where these things are.   References: Woodhouse, Adam, et al. "Late Cenozoic cooling restructured global marine plankton communities." Nature 614.7949 (2023): 713-718. Harvey, Thomas HP. "Colonial green algae in the Cambrian plankton." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 290.2009 (2023): 20231882.

The gang discusses two papers that deal with the evolution of tardigrades. The first paper looks at some fossil tardigrades in amber, and the second paper looks to the Cambrian to determine the ancestors of modern tardigrades. Meanwhile, Amanda confuses some details about medication, James has some money making crab solutions, and Curt is somehow the one person trying to keep people on track.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends look at two papers that look at a group of animals that are very very very small and have been seen as cute by a lot of people even though you can not really see them without help. The first paper finds some of these very very small animals in bits that come out of things that grow big and make their own food. These bits get hard when they get covered in ground over a long time and things that get stuck in the stuff can be there. This paper looks at these old very very small animals and tries to see what they could be like. It also talks about how we might not have as good an idea of these animals because they are so small and we do not always look for small things in these kinds of places. The second paper looks at the older things that might be great great great great mom and dad to the tiny animals today. These animals are much bigger and much much older. This paper shows that lots of things we see in these tiny animals today may have been parts that we see in these older animals. But also, that in order to get so very very very small, these animals may have lost some parts so that they could get that small.   References: Kihm, Ji-Hoon, et al. "Cambrian lobopodians shed light on the origin of the tardigrade body plan." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120.28 (2023): e2211251120. Mapalo, Marc A., et al. "A tardigrade in Dominican amber." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 288.1960 (2021): 20211760.

Should you become an artist or an accountant? Did Sylvia Plath have to be depressed to write The Bell Jar? And what can Napoleon Dynamite teach us about the creative life? RESOURCES:"The Science of Why You Have Great Ideas in the Shower," by Stacey Colino (National Geographic, 2022)."So, You Think You're Not Creative?" by Duncan Wardle (Harvard Business Review, 2021)."The Correlation Between Arts and Crafts and a Nobel Prize," by Rosie Cima (Priceonomics, 2015)."Report: State of the American Workplace," by Gallup (2014)."Poverty Impedes Cognitive Function," by Anandi Mani, Sendhil Mullainathan, Eldar Shafir, and Jiaying Zhao (Science, 2013)."Forks in the Road: The Many Paths of Arts Alumni," by the Strategic National Arts Alumni Project (2011)."A Meta-Analysis of 25 Years of Mood-Creativity Research: Hedonic Tone, Activation, or Regulatory Focus?" by Matthijs Baas, Carsten K. W. De Dreu, and Bernard A. Nijstad (Psychological Bulletin, 2008)."The Relationship Between Creativity and Mood Disorders," by Nancy C. Andreasen (Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 2008)."The Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions," by Barbara Fredrickson (Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 2004)."Happiness and Creativity: Going With the Flow," by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (The Futurist, 1997).EXTRAS:"Why Are Rich Countries So Unhappy?" by No Stupid Questions (2022)."Do You Really Need a Muse to Be Creative?" by No Stupid Questions (2021)."Does All Creativity Come From Pain?" by No Stupid Questions (2020)."How To Be Creative," series by Freakonomics Radio (2018-2019)."How to Be Happy," by Freakonomics Radio (2018).Napoleon Dynamite, film by Jared Hess (2004).The Bell Jar, by Sylvia Plath (1963).Connections, game by The New York Times. 

Welcome to Angela's Symposium, your trusted source for scholarly discussions on magic, esotericism, Paganism, and the occult. In today's episode, we are honoured to host Peter J. Carroll, a pioneering figure in Chaos Magick. From the evolution of Chaos Magick to its relationship with technology and empirical science, this interview covers it all. Peter J. Carroll is a key figure in the development of Chaos Magick, and he has authored several books that have become foundational texts in the field. Here is a list of some of his notable works: 1. "Liber Null & Psychonaut" (1987) - https://amzn.to/3LYrvb9 2. "Liber Kaos" (1992) - https://amzn.to/3PVXyK2 3. "PsyberMagick: Advanced Ideas in Chaos Magick" (1995) - https://amzn.to/3S0QBKe 4. "The Apophenion: A Chaos Magick Paradigm" (2008) - https://amzn.to/3QiJR9g 5. "The Octavo: A Sorcerer-Scientist's Grimoire" (2010) - https://amzn.to/45xpwRV 6. "EPOCH: The Esotericon & Portals of Chaos" (2014) - https://amzn.to/3S5ZouB Peter J. Carroll's official website is Specularium (https://www.specularium.org/), where you can find more information about his works, theories, and other contributions to the field of Chaos Magick and esoteric studies. Please note that the years mentioned are for the original publications. CONNECT & SUPPORT

Anil Seth is a Professor of Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience at the University of Sussex, where Anil is the Director of the Sussex Centre for Consciousness Science. Anil is also Co-Director of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) Program on Brain, Mind, and Consciousness, and of the Leverhulme Doctoral Scholarship Programme: From Sensation and Perception to Awareness. Anil is the Editor-in-Chief of Neuroscience of Consciousness (Oxford University Press); sits on the Editorial Board of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B and on the Advisory Committee for 1907 Research and for Chile's Congreso Futuro. My sincere apologies for any audio issues. My microphone broke prior to recording, so I had to use an external microphone, and I was sick with the flu at the time of recording. Both of those issues are now resolved, and normal service will resume next week. In this conversation today, Anil and I discuss some of the biggest topics that scientific and philosophical questions in existence, such as: - What is consciousness? - Where does consciousness arise from? - What happens after death? - When will be able to measure how conscious we are? - Why our brains are 'hallucinating reality' - Much more Connect with us: https://freedompact.co.uk/newsletter​ (Healthy, Wealthy & Wise Newsletter) https://instagram.com/freedompact​ https://twitter.com/freedompactpod Email: freedompact@gmail.com https://Tiktok.com/personaldevelopment Connect with Anil: Website https://www.anilseth.com Twitter https://twitter.com/anilkseth Instagram https://www.instagram.com/profanilseth/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/profanilseth Buy: Being You: A New Science of Consciousness https://amzn.to/3q6k2P1 Be a participant in the 'Perception Census': https://bit.ly/3qjpTRi

The gang discusses two papers that use Blender 3d modeling techniques (and other functional morphology techniques) to study arthropod morphology. The first paper looks at trilobite enrollment and the second paper looks at the anomalocaris great frontal appendages. Meanwhile, James likes horses, Amanda has some name ideas, and Curt fails to segue.   Up-Goer Five (Amanda Edition): Today our friends look at two papers that talk about things with legs that have many parts. The first paper looks at very old pretty large things with mouth legs that people can't decide if they were strong or not strong. The paper does lots of computer stuff to figure out just how strong the mouth legs are. They find that the mouth legs are not as strong as people thought they might be and so they did not eat things with very hard parts, probably, but things that were not hard at all. The second paper looks at how cute little things with legs that have many parts might have made themselves into balls. There are many ways that they might have made themselves into balls, with the way the head fits with the back end. They think only one or two were very good, and that it might have changed as the cute little things with legs that have many parts grew up.   References:  Esteve, Jorge, and Nigel C. Hughes. "Developmental and functional controls on enrolment in an ancient, extinct arthropod." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 290.2000 (2023): 20230871. Bicknell, Russell DC, et al.  "Raptorial appendages of the Cambrian apex predator Anomalocaris  canadensis are built for soft prey and speed." Proceedings of the royal society B 290.2002 (2023): 20230638.

The gang discusses two papers that looks at mammal jaws and teeth. The first paper uses many different analyses to study how the mammal jaw evolved, and the second paper looks at a unique set of teeth in a fossil whale group. Meanwhile, Curt gets ideas from Mortal Kombat, James has discusses farming practices, and Amanda finds any excuse to be fabulous.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends talk about two papers that look at how mouths for animals with hair have changed over time. The first paper looks at the bottom hard part of the mouth to see how it first started and how it has changed and why it changed. Lots of people have ideas about this, but this paper is the first attempt to really look at this problem for a lot of different ways of handling it. They do a lot of things that are very number heavy to look at how these hard parts are able to move, and they look at a lot of parts from living and long dead things. What they find is that the bottom mouth parts of animals with hair are not as good as we thought. They are hard so they do not break, but other animals have bottom mouth parts that are easier to use and quicker. Because animals with hair make their bottom mouth from just one hard part, it may have made it easier for them to get many different teeth in the mouth. This is a story that has a lot more parts than just, "animals with hair had better everything so that is why there are now a lot of them" and instead shows that some changes were not "better" but may have opened doors to other ways to use a mouth (like many different teeth in the same mouth).   The second paper looks at one animal with hair that moves through the water and has some very weird teeth that push out the front of the mouth. But first, the paper needs to see if these are really teeth. Some long teeth like things are found in other animals with hair, but these long things do not have all the parts to be teeth. When they look at this animal, they see that these are actually really long teeth. This is interesting because teeth can be more hurt by things than the long teeth like things. So if these are teeth, what did they do with them? They do not have breaks and they would not be good for moving through the ground looking for food, so the people who wrote the paper think they might be used to cut food.   References: Tseng, Z. Jack, et al. "A switch in jaw form–function coupling during the evolution of mammals." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 378.1880 (2023): 20220091. Coste, Ambre, R. Ewan Fordyce, and  Carolina Loch. "A new dolphin with tusk-like teeth from the late  Oligocene of New Zealand indicates evolution of novel feeding  strategies." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 290.2000 (2023): 20230873.  

The gang discusses two papers that look at examples of unusually large animals in the fossil record; one large lacewing larvae and one very large skink. Meanwhile, James is having a great day, Amanda starts a chant, and Curt learns the true meaning of “cool fossil bro”.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends look at two papers about things that are big for what they are. The first paper is a type of kid of an animal that is small thing that flies when it is grown but does not fly when it is a kid. These animals have a neck when they are kids which some of these animals do not have. This animal has a really long body and a really long neck. They found it in water, so they think this animal would have been a big thing living in the water and eating things that it caught with its long neck. The second paper looks at another group of animals with cold blood and hard bits on its skin that runs around on four legs. This animal is really big for its group. Parts of this animal were found before, but they were smaller and so they were thought to be something else. This paper finds new parts that show those are parts are from this bigger thing when it was a kid. This big animal is close to another animal that is around today. When this bigger animal died, the smaller animal it is close to came into the same places and seems to have taken its place.   References: Du, Xuheng, Kecheng Niu, and Tong Bao.  "Giant Jurassic dragon lacewing larvae with lacustrine palaeoecology  represent the oldest fossil record of larval neuropterans." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 290.1993 (2023): 20222500. Thorn, Kailah M., et al. "A giant  armoured skink from Australia expands lizard morphospace and the scope  of the Pleistocene extinctions." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 290.2000 (2023): 20230704.

For some reason we have a Brazilian-themed show today…we start with the recovered skeletal remains of a teenager with a debilitating disease with an intricate bead bracelet. Then we look at an impossibly old site with jewelry made by very ancient Brazilians. Finally, we look at the discovery of a ship scuttled by a truly terrible person during the slave trade years.LinksSegment 1: Skeleton of Disabled Teen With Bracelet Puzzles Archaeologists: https://www.newsweek.com/skeleton-disabled-teen-bracelet-puzzles-archaeologists-1813779 FROM SEED TO BEAD – HOW OUR YAWA #TOGETHER COLLECTION IS MADE: https://togetherband.org/blogs/news/yawa-bandSegment 2 Early Humans Survived an American Ice Age, Archaeologists Say: https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/early-humans-survived-an-american-ice-age-archaeologists-say Evidence of artefacts made of giant sloth bones in central Brazil around the last glacial maximum; Proceedings of the Royal Society B: https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0316Segment 3: Archaeologists Discover Wreckage of Notorious Slave Ship Off Brazil: https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/archaeologists-discover-wreckage-of-notorious-slave-ship-off-brazil-1234674088/ US Ship Wreckage Carrying 500 Slaves Discovered by Archaeologistshttps://www.sciencetimes.com/articles/44833/20230712/us-ship-wreckage-carrying-500-slaves-discovered-by-archaeologists.htmContact Chris Websterchris@archaeologypodcastnetwork.com Rachel Rodenrachel@unraveleddesigns.comRachelUnraveled (Instagram)Affiliates Motion Motley FoolSave $110 off the full list price of Stock Advisor for your first year, go to https://zen.ai/apnfool and start your investing journey today!*$110 discount off of $199 per year list price. Membership will renew annually at the then current list price. Laird SuperfoodAre you ready to feel more energized, focused, and supported? Go to https://zen.ai/thearchaeologypodnetworkfeed1 and add nourishing, plant-based foods to fuel you from sunrise to sunset. Liquid I.V.Ready to shop better hydration, use my special link https://zen.ai/thearchaeologypodnetworkfeed to save 20% off anything you order.

For some reason we have a Brazilian-themed show today…we start with the recovered skeletal remains of a teenager with a debilitating disease with an intricate bead bracelet. Then we look at an impossibly old site with jewelry made by very ancient Brazilians. Finally, we look at the discovery of a ship scuttled by a truly terrible person during the slave trade years.LinksSegment 1: Skeleton of Disabled Teen With Bracelet Puzzles Archaeologists: https://www.newsweek.com/skeleton-disabled-teen-bracelet-puzzles-archaeologists-1813779 FROM SEED TO BEAD – HOW OUR YAWA #TOGETHER COLLECTION IS MADE: https://togetherband.org/blogs/news/yawa-bandSegment 2 Early Humans Survived an American Ice Age, Archaeologists Say: https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/early-humans-survived-an-american-ice-age-archaeologists-say Evidence of artefacts made of giant sloth bones in central Brazil around the last glacial maximum; Proceedings of the Royal Society B: https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.0316Segment 3: Archaeologists Discover Wreckage of Notorious Slave Ship Off Brazil: https://www.artnews.com/art-news/news/archaeologists-discover-wreckage-of-notorious-slave-ship-off-brazil-1234674088/ US Ship Wreckage Carrying 500 Slaves Discovered by Archaeologists https://www.sciencetimes.com/articles/44833/20230712/us-ship-wreckage-carrying-500-slaves-discovered-by-archaeologists.htmContact Chris Webster chris@archaeologypodcastnetwork.com Rachel Roden rachel@unraveleddesigns.com RachelUnraveled (Instagram)Affiliates Motion Motley Fool Save $110 off the full list price of Stock Advisor for your first year, go to https://zen.ai/archaeologyshowfool and start your investing journey today! *$110 discount off of $199 per year list price. Membership will renew annually at the then current list price. Laird Superfood Are you ready to feel more energized, focused, and supported? Go to https://zen.ai/thearchaeologyshow2 and add nourishing, plant-based foods to fuel you from sunrise to sunset. Liquid I.V. Ready to shop better hydration, use my special link https://zen.ai/thearchaeologyshow1 to save 20% off anything you order.

The gang discusses two papers that look at the impact of humans on bird populations. The first paper looks at the history of a condor nesting site in the Andes, and the second paper looks at the impact of artificial light on the circadian rhythms of urban bird populations. Meanwhile, James is highly engaged, Curt tries to sell some property, Amanda finds something slightly more horrifying, and everyone is in the presence of ALAN.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends look at how people have made life different for small  animals that fly in the air and some of them make sweet sounds. The  first paper looks at the home for one type of these animals that is  pretty big and eats things that are dead. These animals have been using  this home for a really long time, and we can look at their shit (yes  this is the only word I can use) to see what they ate in the past and  also see how long they have been there. A long time ago, their shit  shows that they ate a lot of things from the big blue wet thing,  probably lots of big animals that have hair and move through the water.  When people started to kill these big animals, these animals that fly  started to eat less of them. We can even see when these animals started  to eat things that people from across a different big blue wet thing  brought with them to eat. This shows that these homes are used for very  long time, and so making sure that these animals can get to these homes  and that the homes are safe is important to keeping them living.  The second paper looks at how some small animals that fly sleep and if  being in a city makes these animals sleep at different times or for  longer or shorter. The idea is that the city has a lot more light than  the woods and can make it harder to get to sleep. The paper looks at  these animals living in the woods and animals living in the city. It  first looks at their homes to see how much time they spend in their  homes. They find that both groups of animals spend about the same time  in their homes. City animals get out of their homes earlier in the day,  but that seems to be that they are also setting up their home earlier in  the year and need to get out to get stuff for the home. They then take  these animals and they put them in a dark room to see how much they move  with no change in light.  They find the woods animals start moving less  right away, but the city animals take longer before they start moving  less. This could be because the room has low light and the animals from  the city are more used to that, or it could be that the animals from the  city are more used to being in bad spots. Either way, it shows that  these animals are showing changes to work around the light from the  city.   References: Duda, Matthew P., et al. "A 2200-year  record of Andean Condor diet and nest site usage reflects natural and  anthropogenic stressors." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 290.1998 (2023): 20230106. Tomotani, Barbara M., Fabian Timpen,  and Kamiel Spoelstra. "Ingrained city rhythms: flexible activity timing  but more persistent circadian pace in urban birds." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 290.1999 (2023): 20222605.

Olifanten kunnen over kilometers afstand met elkaar communiceren, koeien groeten elkaar wanneer ze op stal staan en in een lab in Leiden praten vinken met robotvogels. Taal zien we altijd als een typisch menselijk verschijnsel. Maar klopt die aanname wel?Shownotes:Songs of the Humpback Whale - Roger Payne52 Hertz WhaleVerder lezen over taal bij dieren: Tecumseh Fitch Animal cognition and the evolution of human language: why we cannot focus solely on communication in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 6 januari 2020Presentatie: Laura WismansGasten: Gemma Venhuizen & Hendrik SpieringRedactie & montage: Jeanne GeerkenZie het privacybeleid op https://art19.com/privacy en de privacyverklaring van Californië op https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Una nueva investigación recién publicada en 'Proceedings of The Royal Society B'  ha descubierto que, después de todo, la masturbación parece tener un propósito evolutivo muy concreto. se trata de un rasgo muy antiguo en los primates y que, por lo menos en los machos, aumenta el éxito reproductivo y ayuda a evitar infecciones de transmisión sexual

The gang discusses two papers about inferring life habit and ecology from extinct animals. The first paper summarizes the data for ichthyosaur birth to see if they really do preferentially come out tail first, and the second paper investigates a fossil that could complicate the narrative for the origins of a European sabretooth cat group. Meanwhile, James has opinions about browsers, Amanda is camouflaged, Curt needs a drink, and everyone is surprised by a paper for the first time in a long time.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends talk about two papers that looks at how animals did things and where they lived in the past. The first paper looks at a group of animals that lived in the water and had their kids inside them. This group used to be on land before they went into the water for all time. Lots of people say that when a group of animals goes from being on land to being on water, they need to change the way the babies come out of them, with the head coming out last so that they do not breathe in water. This paper looks into this to see if this is true. It turns out that lots of things today that used to be on land but are now in the water and have kids inside them usually have the kids come out with the head last. However, this is not always what happens. And, when the kids come out head first it is fine and they do not die and the mom also does not die. When we look at the parts of the dead animals from a long time ago that live in the water, we also see that, even in the groups that everyone says they go out head second, there are some that show they come out head first. It seems like, instead of being a change that is always true, these animals went from being most of the time head first, to being half and half head first, to being most of the time head second but sometimes head first. The second paper looks at a group of angry animals with hair and long teeth. This group is found all over the world in the past and this paper is looking at one group that is most of the time found in one place but may have also had some groups close to it from other places. This paper names a new type of these animals and says that it is the first of this group, but also the study they do says that it isn't so that is weird. They also do another study to show that this group went through most of its big changes in this new place, but the study they do also seems to say that it is a third different place where a lot of important things happen but they do not talk about it. This paper is weird.   References: Jiangzuo, Qigao, et al. "Origin of  adaptations to open environments and social behaviour in sabretoothed  cats from the northeastern border of the Tibetan Plateau." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 290.1997 (2023): 20230019. Miedema, Feiko, et al. "Heads or tails  first? Evolution of fetal orientation in ichthyosaurs, with a scrutiny  of the prevailing hypothesis." BMC Ecology and Evolution 23.1 (2023): 1-13.

The second of a series of six talks on potential scientific breakthroughs:https://www.sheldrake.org/online-coursesRupert proposed a new hypothesis of cellular rejuvenation in an article in Nature in 1974, and in 2023 published a review article entitled ‘Cellular Senescence, Rejuvenation and Potential Immortality' in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B, summarising results of recent research, which support his hypothesis. In this talk he gives an overview of this hypothesis, which applies to cells of all kinds, including bacteria and yeasts as well as plants and animals, and he shows how it sheds new light on the nature of stem cells. In mammals, embryonic stem cells have a special property that enables them to divide indefinitely without senescing and Rupert suggests that cancerous transformations involve the hijacking of this embryonic stem cell system. He suggests ways in which this hypothesis could be tested, and shows how it could lead to new approaches in cancer therapy – by blocking the rejuvenative system that cancers have acquired. If this system were inhibited, then cancer cells might senesce like most other somatic cells and become less virulent. References____Sheldrake, R. (1974). The ageing, growth and death of cells. Nature, 250, 381-385.https://www.sheldrake.org/ageing____Sheldrake, R. (2022) Cellular Senescence Rejuvenation and Potential Immortality. Proceeding of the Royal Society B, 289, 20212434https://www.sheldrake.org/immortality____Nine open questions suggested by the cellular rejuvenation hypothesis, and ways of answering them empirically (Supplementary to the above paper in Proc. Royal Soc. B)https://rs.figshare.com/ndownloader/files/34255402

The gang discusses two papers that look at patterns of niche conservatism or niche evolution in the fossil record. The first paper looks at the pollen records of trees in Portugal to test if changing climate can explain modern tree distributions, and the second paper looks at the impact of Late Devonian extinction pulses/invasions on brachiopod communities. Meanwhile, Curt summarizes the podcast, James has brachiopod facts, and Amanda cannot control her cats.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): Our friends talk about two papers that look at where animals live and what they do in the world, and also if that stays the same or changes over time. The first paper looks at tall living things that make their own food and lose a part of themselves every fall. This looks at one place that has just a few of these types of living things but in the past there were different types there. Also, back then it was not as warm and the rain was different. This paper wants to see why the tall living things we have in this part of the world are where they are right now. What they saw was that, some of the changes in the tall things seem to be tall things following where they want to live; when things get warmer or colder they move to follow the change. But some things seem to be moving into places that are very different from where they started, so they are changing what types of places they like to live in. The second paper looks at animals that live on the bottom of the big blue wet thing and take food out of the water and were found all over the world a long time ago. It looks at a time when a big change killed a lot of living things. This paper looks at how this changed the types of these animals over time. What they find is that, a lot of the animals that die because of the change have another animal from somewhere else doing the same thing move in and take that animal's place. The things that do not die just keep on doing their own thing. It does not look like there is much change in what the animals are doing either from the big change that happened, or from the new animals moving in.   References: Vieira, Manuel, et al. "Niche  evolution versus niche conservatism and habitat loss determine  persistence and extirpation in late Neogene European Fagaceae." Quaternary Science Reviews 300 (2023): 107896. Brisson, Sarah K., et al. "Niche conservatism and ecological change during the Late Devonian mass extinction." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 290.1996 (2023): 20222524.

The gang discusses two papers that look at some Cambrian problematic fossils and find new clues that allow us to determine what groups they might belong to. One paper finds new evidence that some of these tube fossils in the Cambrian may be cnidarians and the other paper identifies potential gastropod radula in Cambrian rocks with adaptations for grazing. Meanwhile, James is not at all tired, Amanda will totally clean out her garage, and Curt is in the loop about what is going on.   Up-Goer Five (Curt Edition): The friends talk about two papers that look at some things from a long time ago that are very hard to see what is going on with them but these new finds give us a better idea of what they might be. The first paper looks at these long and soft things. We used to think they were long and soft things that live in the ground today. However, this paper finds that there are little arms on one side and that they have these parts that we see in a very different group of animals that instead has one way in that it uses to eat and shit and has lots of these small arms. They show this for one of these types of animals but it could be that a lot of the long soft animals we find that we are not sure about could all be parts of this group. The second paper looks at these small bits that people find when they take rocks and break them down into bits. These small things look like the mouth parts of animals that are soft and some of them carry their home with them. Not just mouth parts, but mouth parts that can eat green things that make their own food. This could be the first time we see animals that just eat these kinds of green things in the past.   References: Zhang, Guangxu, et al. "Exceptional  soft tissue preservation reveals a cnidarian affinity for a Cambrian  phosphatic tubicolous enigma." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 289.1986 (2022): 20221623. Slater, Ben J. "Cambrian ‘sap-sucking'molluscan radulae among small carbonaceous fossils (SCFs)." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 290.1995 (2023): 20230257.

In this 153rd in a series of live discussions with Bret Weinstein and Heather Heying (both PhDs in Biology), we discuss the state of the world through an evolutionary lens. This week, we discuss the committee newly empaneled by Florida governor Ron DeSantis to explore Covid policy and treatment, in which Bret is a part. It has been roundly mocked in the media, who cite a truly remarkable piece of non-research that contains no new data, no references, and methods and results that cannot be assessed. We discuss Science magazine's editorial that deifies Fauci, Nature magazine's editorial claiming that science is hard and we'll never know what happened during Covid, and the White House's Summit on Equity and Excellence in STEMM, which threatens to create Harrison Bergeron University. Finally: do female snakes experience sexual pleasure? Tune in to find out all about hemiclitores. ***** Our sponsors: Allform: Get 20% off any order (of a beautiful sofa) from Allform at https://allform.com/darkhorse. LMNT: Electrolyte drink mix with all the good salts, and none of the bad stuff. Free sample pack of all 8 flavors with any purchase at DrinkLMNT.com/DARKHORSE. ReliefBand: Get relief from nausea without drugs. Go to https://www.reliefband.com, use code DARKHORSE, and you'll receive 20% off plus free shipping. ***** Our book, A Hunter-Gatherer's Guide to the 21st Century, is available everywhere books are sold, and signed copies are available here: https://darvillsbookstore.indielite.org Check out our store! Epic tabby, digital book burning, saddle up the dire wolves, and more: https://darkhorsestore.org Heather's newsletter, Natural Selections (subscribe to get free weekly essays in your inbox): https://naturalselections.substack.com Mentioned in this episode: Florida Governor Ron DeSantis holds an accountability roundtable for mRNA shots: https://twitter.com/GovRonDeSantis/status/1602683363994705920 Fauci responds: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YuXUelJezeM&t=291s Stephen Colbert responds: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OBzD14v1g8U&t=81s Fitzpatrick et al 2022. Two years of U.S. Covid-19 Vaccines have Prevented Millions of Hospitalizations and Deaths. The Commonwealth Fund: https://www.commonwealthfund.org/blog/2022/two-years-covid-vaccines-prevented-millions-deaths-hospitalizations Thank you, Tony! Editorial in Science, by the editor-in-chief of Science:https://www.sciencemagazinedigital.org/sciencemagazine/library/item/09_december_2022/4063695/  Missing data mean we'll probably never know how many people died of COVID. Nature editorial:https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-04422-9 Msemburi et al 2022. The WHO estimates of excess mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.  Nature (12-14-22): https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05522-2 White House Summit on Equity and Excellence in STEMM, livestreamed 12-12-22: https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=6l4ynrYnUTg Folwell et al 2022. First Evidence of Hemiclitores in Snakes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 289: https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.1702Support the show