Podcasts about Global Positioning System

PODCAST: This Week in Amateur Radio Edition #1363 - Full Version (With repeater ID breaks every 10 minutes) Release Date: April 12, 2025 Here is a summary of the news trending...This Week in Amateur Radio. This week's edition is anchored by Steven Sawyer, K1FRC, Chris Perrine, KB2FAF, Don Hulick, K2ATJ, Joshua Marler, AA4WX, Eric Zittel, KD2RJX, George Bowen, W2XBS, and Jessica Bowen, KC2VWX. Produced and edited by George Bowen, W2XBS Approximate Running Time: 2:04:23 Podcast Download: https://bit.ly/TWIAR1363 Trending headlines in this week's bulletin service 1. FCC: "Delete Delete Delete" Commenters Worry About The Future Of Ham Radio Under The FCC's Deregulatory Effort 2. FCC: FCC To Weigh Loosening Power Limit Rules For Starlink 3. RW: Here's A Copper Theft Mystery 4. HCKD: Tennessee Hams Rise Up: Amateur Radio Gains Traction After Deadly Tornadoes 5. AMSAT: Fram2 Mission Blends Polar Orbit, Amateur Radio, and Private Spaceflight 6. AMSAT: Spectrum's Fiery Debut Marks Bold First Step for Isar Aerospace 7. AMSAT: Satellite Shorts From All Over 8. WIA: Ford Motor Company Patents New Technology To Support AM Radio In Electric Cars 9. WIA: United Airlines Receives FAA Approval To Add Starlink Wi-Fi On Planes 10. RAC: Radio Amateurs of Canada Will Not Attend Hamvention This Year 11. RAC: City Of Ottawa World Amateur Radio Day Proclamation 12. RWD: Mystery Surrounds Three Pending United States Shortwave Stations 13. ARRL: Interesting ARRL Ham Radio Open House Locations 14. ARRL: ARRL Iowa Section Wins Ham Exemption From Handsfree Law 15. ARRL: Effort To Save Marconi Towers In Canada – Public Invited To Vote On Project 16. ARRL: Broadcast Audio Processor Manufacturer Orban Donates Unit To The ARRL 17. ARRL: Tad Cook, K7RA, Has Received The ARRL President's Award 18. ARRL: Armed Forces Day Crossband Test, Is Scheduled For Saturday May 10th, 2025 19. Contacts To Mount Athos Are Valid Toward DXCC 20. Upcoming Meteor Scatter Events - Hams Are Invited To Monitor 21. Great Falls Masonic Radio Club In Montana Donates Ameteur Radio Books To Public Libraries 22. Paper Based Battery Performs Well...On Paper 23. ARRL: National Library Day Special Event Station 24. ARRL: Upcoming RadioSport Contests and Upcoming Regional Conventions and HamFest Listing 25. RW: Voice Of America fights its way back on the air 26. RTBR: HC2 Broadcasting asks FCC to allow 5G Broadcast LPTV station 27. FCC: FCC launches proceeding on Global Positioning System alternatives 28. WIA: Earth based radio telescope successfully bounces a signal off of Venus 29. WIA: United States Naval Undersea Warfare Center look to amateur radio for backup communications 30. ARRL: 100 years of the International Amateur Radio Union 31. ARRL: The ARRL Repeater Directory - 2025 edition now powered by Repeater Book 32. ARRL: HamSci issues call for operators and monitors 33. ARRL: ARRL New Hampshire section signs a Memorandum Of Understanding with State Emergency Services 34. Pittsburgh DJ Jim Quinn W3VEX/sk - Don Craugh KF7DC Mingus Mountain SK 35. Research beacon on Antarctica goes silent after 46 years on the air 36. Deadline grows close for CQ Amateur Radio Hall of Fame Nominees 37. Monthly Volunteer Monitor Report Plus these Special Features This Week: * Working Amateur Radio Satellites with Bruce Paige, KK5DO - AMSAT Satellite News * Foundations of Amateur Radio with Onno Benschop VK6FLAB, will answer the question, "What is Amateur Radio Really About?" * The DX Corner with Bill Salyers, AJ8B with all the latest news on DXpeditions, DX, upcoming radio sport contests, and more * Weekly Propagation Forecast from the ARRL * Will Rogers, K5WLR - A Century Of Amateur Radio - Will returns with Part One of a brand new edition of A Century Of Amateur Radio. This week, Will takes us aboard The Wayback Machine to the mid 1920's to witness amateurs' continued efforts to get their signals across the Atlantic in an episode called, "Crossing Two, Androsan" ----- Website: https://www.twiar.net X: https://x.com/TWIAR Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/twiar.bsky.social Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/twiari YouTube: https://bit.ly/TWIARYouTube RSS News: https://twiar.net/?feed=rss2 Automated (Full Static file, updated weekly): https://twiar.net/TWIARHAM.mp3 Automated (1-hour Static file, updated weekly): https://www.twiar.net/TWIAR1HR.mp3 ----- This Week in Amateur Radio is produced by Community Video Associates in upstate New York, and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. If you would like to volunteer with us as a news anchor or special segment producer please get in touch with our Executive Producer, George, via email at w2xbs77@gmail.com. Thanks to FortifiedNet.net for the server space! Thanks to Archive.org for the audio space.

The year 2025 marks the 10th anniversary of China's Digital Silk Road, which has become an increasingly crucial component of Xi Jinping's flagship foreign policy project: the Belt and Road Initiative. Over the past decade, China has massively expanded its digital infrastructure investment across the globe. Accompanying the investment has been the diffusion of China's digital governance norms and standards in recipient states. Countries in the Indo-Pacific have been at the forefront of this stretching Chinese digital influence landscape. The conflation between digital development cooperation and digital governance norms adoption has far-reaching implications that need to be better understood and addressed. To discuss the issue, Michael Caster joins host Bonnie Glaser. Caster is the Head of Global China Programmeat ARTICLE 19, an NGO that advances freedom of opinion and expression. His organization has published two reports examining China's Digital Silk Road. Timestamps[00:00] Start[01:30] Understanding China's Digital Silk Road [05:57] China's Digital Governance Norms[10:16] China's Digital Footprints Abroad[16:07] Attractiveness of Chinese Digital Solutions[18:56] Role of High-Tech Companies in Digital Governance[21:44] Assessing the Effectiveness of China's Digital Governance[23:14] State-Driven Surveillance and Censorship[27:39] China's BeiDou Navigation System [31:09] How should governments respond to these normative shifts? 

There are few inventions that we rely on as much as the Global Positioning System, also known as GPS. But, when it was created in the late 1970s, nobody wanted it.Prof Brad Parkinson and his team at the US Air Force built it, and the first GPS satellite was launched in 1978. However, GPS wasn't widely used until an air disaster in 1983 highlighted the need for satellite navigation. Nowadays, GPS helps countless people travel in the right direction. But, we also rely on it for many things you might not realise: it keeps aeroplanes in the sky, props up global trade, farming and construction, and even supports banking transactions. Ben Henderson speaks to Prof Parkinson, "the father of GPS".Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.(Photo: GPS devices. Credit: George Wilhelm/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)

Space, once a distant destination, has become yet another battleground for great power competition.  Since the early days of the People's Republic of China, the country has been pursuing a series of ambitious space programs aimed to build up its space capacity as an essential element of its comprehensive national power.  In recent years, under the Xi Jinping regime, Beijing has significantly increased its investment in its civilian space program efforts. It has a plan to send Chinese Taikonauts to the Moon before the US can return.  As the US-China strategic competition continues to heighten, it is vital to assess China's space policy and its role in China's grand strategy. To discuss these issues, host Bonnie Glaser is joined by Dean Cheng, senior advisor to the China program at the U.S. Institute of Peace and a nonresident fellow with George Washington University's Space Policy Institute. Dean focuses on China's space program, Chinese military doctrine, and “dual-use” issues associated with China's scientific and technical enterprises.  He also recently published a book titled China and the New Moon Race. Timestamp[00:00] Start[01:54] Space Race 2.0[03:27] Space in China's Grand Strategy[05:27] Achievements of China's Space Program[07:18] Similarities and Differences in China's Approach[09:14] Nature of Public-Private Cooperation in China[12:42] Implications of Landing on the Moon[15:30] A Chinese Incident in Space[17:00] International Lunar Research Station [18:50] Responses to China's Space Ambitions[21:03] Problems in the US-China Civilian Space Race[23:20] Stars and Stripes on Mars

You have an inner guidance system that connects you to the manifestation of your personal dreams. It's like the Global Positioning System in your car that guides you step by step from where you start, right to your destination's door. It's called your intuition, and today I'm showing you how to tap into it, learn how to hear it, and most importantly, learn how to trust it.Your big dreams are already inevitable. All you need to do is dial in the destination and follow the guidance, step by step.Ready to start manifesting the lifestyle of your dreams? Join my self-study program, Gratitude Practice for Success TODAY and get instant access to my unique and proven manifesting process: JOIN GPS

I would never read so much text. This is long and boring to me. Versions of this have been said to me throughout my career from designers. And not to pick on designers, but I really don't care. Because they weren't the ideal customer for the product. So of course they weren't interested in the copy.Like my old boss Mike Morgan used to tell me – you never read the refrigerator ad on page 3 of the newspaper…until your fridge breaks.So when I came across this lesson in a podcast guest application, it grabbed my attention – ‘You don't have to like it. You aren't the target.'To hear the story behind that lesson, and many more lesson-filled stories, I invited on Renee Miller, Founder and Executive Creative Director, The Miller Group [https://www.millergroup.com/].Tune in to the full episode using this embedded player or by clicking through to your preferred audio streaming service using the links below it.Stories (with lessons) about what she made in marketingTo mine own self be true. Say YES then figure out how to get it doneProvide an exceptional experience Be modestYou don't have to like it. You aren't the target.The more you value yourself, the more likely you are to take calculated risksDiscussed in this episodeGet Productive With AI – November 20th at noon EST: Join Flint McGlaughlin, CEO, MeclabsAI, for an accelerated version of the AI Guild MEC050 course. There is no cost. See the 7 principles you can learn in this session and register to join us at MeclabsAI.com/GetProductive (from MarketingSherpa's parent organization, MeclabsAI).Customer-First Marketing: A conversation with Wharton, MarketingSherpa, and MECLABS Institute [https://sherpablog.marketingsherpa.com/consumer-marketing/wharton-interview-customer-first-marketing/]Creative Marketing and Advertising Campaigns: Hold the line & get a door kicker (podcast episode #84) [https://marketingsherpa.com/article/interview/creative-marketing]Value Proposition Articulation: Examples of helping customers understand and believe your business' marketing messages [https://www.marketingsherpa.com/article/case-study/value-proposition]Strategy: Don't think of your customers as a ‘target' to acquire (podcast episode #65) [https://www.marketingsherpa.com/article/interview/strategy]Enterprise Solutions Marketing: You can make a big career, and still stay human (podcast episode #99) [https://www.marketingsherpa.com/article/interview/enterprise]Special Report: How to Market to the Super Rich -- 4 Challenges and 8 Must-Know Strategies [https://marketingsherpa.com/article/how-to/how-to-market-to-super]Get more episodesSubscribe to the MarketingSherpa email newsletter [https://www.marketingsherpa.com/newsletters] to get more insights from your fellow marketers. Sign up for free if you'd like to get more episodes like this.Apply to be a guestIf you would like to apply to be a guest on How I Made It In Marketing, here is the podcast guest application – https://www.marketingsherpa.com/page/podcast-guest-application

Dr. Ravi Chaudhary, Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Energy Installations and Environment, is a leader who has taught his team to, "Eat no for breakfast." He lives by a value he learned from his mother at an early age: "If you do your full duty, the rest will take care of itself."   SUMMARY In this edition of Long Blue Leadership, Dr. Chaudhary discusses his role in modernizing and reoptimizing Air Force installations to withstand kinetic, cyber, economic, and extreme weather threats. He emphasizes the importance of ruggedizing installations for the Great Power Competition. Dr. Chaudhary shares his background, including his upbringing in Minneapolis and his parents' immigrant journey, and highlights the values instilled in him. He also discusses his work on the implementation of microgrids and microreactors to enhance energy resilience at critical installations like Eielson Air Force Base.   5 QUOTES "If you do your full duty, the rest will take care of itself." - This quote from Dr. Chaudhary's mother reflects the importance of dedication and doing one's job well. "We eat no for breakfast." - This quote highlights Dr. Chaudhary's team's determination to not accept limitations and push boundaries. "Love what you do. Love our nation." - Dr. Chaudhary emphasizes the importance of passion and patriotism in leadership. "America is not about what goes on entirely in Washington. It's about neighbors. It's about what you do for your neighbors." - This quote reflects Dr. Chaudhary's belief in the power of community and service. "Get out of the way and let them in." - Dr. Chaudhary's advice on enabling the next generation of leaders to excel.   SHARE THIS EPISODE LINKEDIN  |  TWITTER  |  FACEBOOK   CHAPTERS 00:00 Introduction to Dr. Ravi Chaudhary and His Role 03:07 The Importance of Air Force Installations 06:08 Dr. Chaudhary's Early Life and Family Background 09:03 Lessons from Family: Service and Community 11:52 Reflections on the Air Force Academy Experience 14:54 Leadership Lessons from Cadet Days 18:01 The Role of Innovation in the Air Force 20:48 Strategic Imperatives for Future Operations 23:59 Optimism for the Future of the Air Force Academy 25:07 A Lifelong Dream: Becoming a Pilot 27:31 Launching Innovations: The GPS Program 28:36 Inspiring the Next Generation of Pilots 30:14 Adapting to Modern Challenges in Aviation 32:40 Navigating Change: The Evolution of Standards 34:57 Learning from Failure: A Personal Journey 35:42 The Role of the Assistant Secretary 38:55 Preparing for Great Power Competition 41:09 Innovative Energy Solutions for the Future 44:58 Leadership Lessons and Final Thoughts   5 KEYS TO LEADERSHIP Embrace failures as opportunities for growth. Dr. Chaudhary shared how his failures, like failing a check ride, ultimately helped him grow as a leader. Keep moving forward, even in the face of adversity. Dr. Chaudhary emphasized the importance of keeping your "legs moving" and not giving up when faced with challenges. Leverage the bonds formed with your team. Dr. Chaudhary highlighted how the bonds he formed with his classmates at the Academy carried over into his missions, demonstrating the power of camaraderie. Empower and enable the next generation. Dr. Chaudhary expressed optimism about the capabilities of the current cadets and emphasized the need to get out of their way and let them excel. Maintain a service-oriented, patriotic mindset. Dr. Chaudhary's passion for serving his country and community was evident throughout the interview, underscoring the importance of this mindset in effective leadership.   ABOUT DR. CHAUDHARY '93 BIO Dr. Ravi I. Chaudhary is the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Energy, Installations, and Environment, Department of the Air Force, the Pentagon, Arlington, Virginia. Dr. Chaudhary is responsible for the formulation, review and execution of plans, policies, programs, and budgets to meet Air Force energy, installations, environment, safety, and occupational health objectives. Dr. Chaudhary most recently served as the acting Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Navy for Energy. Prior to this role, he served as the Director of Advanced Programs and Innovation, Office of Commercial Space Transportation, at the Federal Aviation Administration. He provided technical leadership and oversight for the commercial space industry, to include research and development activities to support Department of Transportation and White House National Space Council initiatives. Prior to this role, he served as Executive Director, Regions and Center Operations, at the FAA. In this role, he was responsible for leadership, integration and execution of aviation operations in nine regions nationwide. Dr. Chaudhary served as second in command to the Deputy Assistant Administrator and was responsible for providing Department of Transportation and FAA-wide services in the areas of operations, safety, policy, congressional outreach and emergency readiness for the National Aerospace System. Dr. Chaudhary commissioned in the Air Force in 1993 upon graduation from the United States Air Force Academy. He completed 21 years of service in a variety of command, flying, engineering and senior staff assignments in the Air Force. As a C-17 pilot, he conducted global flight operations, including numerous combat missions in Afghanistan and Iraq, as well as a ground deployment as Director of the Personnel Recovery Center, Multi-National Corps, Iraq. As a flight test engineer, he was responsible for flight certification of military avionics and hardware for Air Force modernization programs supporting flight safety and mishap prevention. Earlier in his career, he supported space launch operations for the Global Positioning System and led third stage and flight safety activities to ensure full-operational capability of the first GPS constellation. As a systems engineer, he supported NASA's International Space Station protection activities to ensure the safety of NASA Astronauts. Dr. Chaudhary is a DoD Level III Acquisition Officer and has published numerous articles in future strategy, aircraft design, business transformation and space operations.  - Bio Copy Credit to AF.MIL   CONNECT WITH DR. CHAUDHARY LINKEDIN  |   INSTAGRAM  |  TWITTER     ABOUT LONG BLUE LEADERSHIP Long Blue Leadership drops every two weeks on Tuesdays and is available on Apple Podcasts, TuneIn + Alexa, Spotify and all your favorite podcast platforms. Search @AirForceGrads on your favorite social channels for Long Blue Leadership news and updates!          FULL TRANSCRIPT OUR SPEAKERS Guest, The Honorable Dr. Ravi I. Chaudhary '93  |  Host, Lt. Col. (Ret.) Naviere Walkewicz '99   Naviere Walkewicz 00:00 My guest today is the assistant secretary of the Air Force for energy installations and environment, the Honorable Dr. Ravi Chaudhary USAFA, Class of '93. Against the backdrop of Great Power Competition, Dr. Chaudhry leads the modernization and reoptimization of the Air Force to ruggedize our installations across the globe against what he describes as kinetic threats, as well as non-kinetic cyber, economic and extreme weather threats. He has served as acting deputy assistant secretary of the Navy for energy; the director of advanced programs and innovation, Office of Commercial Space Transportation at the Federal Aviation Administration; and he has led in the commercial space industry research and development in the support of the Department of Transportation and the White House, National Space Council. We'll talk with Dr. Chaudhry about his life before, during and after the Academy. We'll discuss his role, modernizing and re-optimizing initiatives and strategies for the Air Force. We'll touch on leading through new and changing threats and making decisions with climate in mind, and we'll discuss Dr. Chaudhary's work with the secretary of the Air Force and leadership at the base, command and warfighter levels. Finally, we'll ask Dr. Chaudhary to share advice for developing and advanced leaders. Dr. Chaudhary, welcome to Long Blue Leadership. We're so glad to have you.   Dr. Chaudhary 01:18 Navier, thank you so much. Thank you for that way too kind of an introduction, and I only have one regret. On this weekend, did you have to mention that I was in the Navy for a little while? You just about blew me away. I know you've got some white clear liquid here. I'm just about ready to find out what the clear liquid is.   Naviere Walkewicz Cheers.   Dr. Chaudhary 01:40 Off we go, and we'll let our audience speculate, and depending on how it goes, we'll critique ourselves. Just an honor to be here, and congrats to you on your career of service in the Air Force.   Naviere Walkewicz Thank you so much. This is truly a pleasure. And I think what we love about Long Blue Leadership is it's really about our listeners getting to know you. And we have so many different listeners that are really excited. So let's start with the hat. I've noticed we've got a hat on right here. “Air Force Installations: Best in the World.” Let's talk about it.   Dr. Chaudhary Yeah, let's talk about that. Because we do have the best installations in the world. Our installations are power projection platforms. Every Air Force installation has a mission that begins and terminates with it. If you go all the way back in our history, Gen. Hap Arnold had this to say about our installations: “Air bases are the determining factor in air operations.” Think about that. Think about why we need to make sure that our installations are ready to go, and why we invest in them as an Air Force. It's because you can't get the jets out of town unless they have a good runway that works, unless they are hardened and ready to absorb the types of blows that have come to us in the past. And I'm telling you right now that we've got to be ready for this future, in a decade of consequence in Great Power Competition. We've got to focus on ruggedizing and ensuring that our installations are as survivable as they ever have been.   Naviere Walkewicz Absolutely. Well, I can say that that is certainly true, having been at bases where we've seen some challenges, it does halt and sometimes stop operations. So yeah, you're right. Yeah. So it's incredible the work you're doing, and we're going to talk about that today. But before we get there, can we rewind the clock a little bit?   Dr. Chaudhary Please don't rewind it too far, but I have a feeling you will.   Naviere Walkewicz Just a little bit. Just enough to kind of get to know who Ravi was as a young boy. What were you like growing up? Tell us about your family and where you grew up.   Dr. Chaudhary That's cool. So, I was born and raised in Minneapolis, Minnesota. I grew up there all my life. My parents came from India in 1960s and they always dreamed to do the unusual, it was the American Dream that brought them to this country. And they had kids, you know, and growing up as a South Asian American, you know, people in community would be like, “Hey, you know, why are you going to join the military? Why are you going to, you know, once you just be a doctor or engineer or lawyer or something like that?” Kind of fit the stereotype. But I always thought about it this way: If my parents would give up everything they wanted in their life, their language, their culture, everything to pursue their dreams, wouldn't they want that for their children as well? And so off I went to the Air Force Academy, and the values that my parents instilled in me rang true just about every single day. In fact, when I grow up, my mom would always tell me this. She'd say, “You know, if you do your full duty, the rest will take care of itself.”   Naviere Walkewicz That sounds very familiar to me.   Dr. Chaudhary And she would say, in the Sanskrit word for that — and my faith tradition is Hinduism — the Sanskrit word for that is “dharm.” If you follow your dharm, everything will take care of itself. And lo and behold, I'm getting choked up a little bit, because when I showed up and opened that Contrails and saw that quote, I knew that Mom and Dad had prepared me, had prepared me for the challenges that would come, not just the Academy, but everything from 9/11 to deploying to Iraq to raising a family and making sure they have everything they need to prosper. So, all that brought me to an institution that honestly brought out the flavor and gave me in the same opportunity that this country gave my father. So, it's just been a pinch-me career, and it's just an honor to be here with you today and with the entire AOG team talking about this.   Naviere Walkewicz 05:36 That's amazing. I mean, I, thinking about what you just said, that your parents came and they pursued a dream. What was that like in your household? What did that look like?   Dr. Chaudhary 05:45 Here's what it looked like. My dad — he actually came to this country with about $165, $80 of which went to his tuition. He was at University of Missouri, and then he eventually went to University of Minnesota. The rest he used to get a house and fill the fridge. And so, when he was looking for an opportunity to serve, he wanted to be in the U.S. Department of Agriculture and serve as a fed and so he didn't get that chance. So, what he did, he literally drove, put me and my brother and my mom in a car and drove to Washington. When he drove to Washington, he dropped us off at the Lincoln Memorial and walked up the stairs of the Capitol. Two senators from Minnesota, one was walking out, Sen. Walter Mondale. He said hello to him. He didn't know him from Adam. And then he went to the office of Hubert Humphrey and he sat down with him, and he told his story to Hubert Humphrey and Hubert Humphrey said, “This is what America is all about.” And he was kind enough to give my dad a shot in Minneapolis. And he spent his entire career, 25 years, as a federal inspector in the U.S. Department of Agriculture.   Naviere Walkewicz My goodness.   Dr. Chaudhary It's an incredible story. But you know what? It all came together about a year and a half ago when I was confirmed and during my swearing, and it was honored to have Sec. Kendall swear me in, but to have my dad walk up the front steps of the Pentagon with my mom and I. We go up the stairs, and I said, “Dad, would you turn around for a second?” And he turned around. I said, “You know, you can see the Lincoln Memorial and you can see the Capitol.” And I said, “Look what you've done in one generation.” That is the embodiment of the American dream. And as he was kind of — I'm getting choked up — he wiped the tears from his eyes. He realized that that that what this country has given to us is something that we've got to always think about giving back and giving back, and that's really what my career has always been about, giving back to the country that has given my family everything.   Naviere Walkewicz 07:59 That is amazing. Wow. I mean, I'm almost without words, because I can see what your dad has instilled in you, made possible, but instilled in you as a servant leader as well. I'm just… that's pretty impressive. So, tell me about your mom, because it sounds like she also instilled some pretty incredible traits in you and some beliefs in how to treat people. What did that look like in, her leadership in your life?   Dr. Chaudhary 08:26 What can I say about my mom? She's a pillar of the community back in Minneapolis. She runs a nonprofit called Seva. In Hindi, seva means service, to serve, serve your fellow citizens, serve your nation. And again, I told you about her, her enduring quote, “If you do your full duty, the rest will take care of itself.” So, in that nonprofit, she is actually bringing cultural-specific services, health services, to the Asian American community. One thing she did during Covid was incredible. She pulled together a meal team, and she served somewhere around 20,000 seniors. And it wasn't just Asian Americans, anybody in the Minneapolis community that was struggling, that couldn't get food, that was having a tough time. And then, as you know, after the George Floyd tragedy occurred, the town, the city went through a tough time, and there was an area right around one of the police stations where the riots were going on and everybody was fleeing when. When the community was fleeing, she was mobilizing her team to go in. They were going in and they were rescuing people from shelters to get them to a safe place. And two days later, she brought a team into the community that was still smoldering and set up meal stations to just give people sandwiches, bread, whatever — to just make everybody feel good and move forward, and that's what America is about. Sometimes we get so wrapped up in the times and differences, but we realize that America is more than just Washington. America is about neighbors and neighbors caring for each other. So, where did I learn that? I learned that from my mom, but the Air Force Academy brought it out, and I applied that every single day, whether it was a mission launching GPSs, doing engineering — tough engineering problems, or flying missions into the CENTCOM AOR, where we had to bring crews to bear to execute incredible missions. And so, reflecting on that — boy, you're really tearing me up today…   Naviere Walkewicz No, not at all…   Dr. Chaudhary …because you're bringing this all out of my heart, and it's just an honor to be here and humbling to tell the story. But I know that there are thousands and thousands of grads out there that have just as inspiring stories, and that's why I love to come to AOG. That's why I like to spend time with our cadets today, which was just as incredible. I went down to Jacks Valley and got to see the assault course as well. Luckily, I didn't have too many flashbacks.   Naviere Walkewicz I was going to say, did you have your rubber ducky with you?   Dr. Chaudhary Yeah, I did not. They didn't push me through it, but the demo was incredible. And I know our secretary was equally impressed with the cadets and the caliber of students that are here, the caliber of our cadets, and how I'm so optimistic for the future of our Air Force and Space Force.   Naviere Walkewicz 11:33 Absolutely. And I can share, based off of what you shared about your mom and dad, there's no reason why you're [not] able to take on a job that almost seems impossible with the scope and breadth of what you're responsible for. So, I can't wait to get into that as well. Can we go to when you're at the Academy? I want to know more about you as a cadet, because as interesting as you are as an adult, what were you like as a cadet?   Dr. Chaudhary 11:54 There's a lot that I really shouldn't disclose. Okay, so we've got to be really, really careful. So, me and my classmates, we have this thing called “mutually assured destruction.” You know stories about me, I know stories about you. Just leave it there. But let me tell you, the Academy was just the honor of a lifetime. But you know what — going through it with your classmates is something. I was just having lunch with our cadets today. I was a grad of Delta Tau Deuce, and to spend time with them and tell them stories, and hear about their stories, about what Deuce is like these days, was absolutely just, I was just blown away with it. But yep, I was primarily in Deuce. I had the just pleasure of beaing a squadron commander and having peers that really care for each other, peers that I keep in touch with. To this very day, I have them up on text.   Naviere Walkewicz Oh, wow.   Dr. Chaudhary And we share with each other. We have challenges. We go through it together, but I will tell you one story about why your cadet story matters, and you don't realize it until the balloon goes up. When I graduated from pilot training, I graduated essentially the day after 9/11 and I was actually in the planning room when 9/11 happened, and within a few weeks — I did my check ride that day — within a few weeks, I was at Charleston Air Force Base, and my squadron commander had me look out the window and said, “We don't have time to mission qual you. We don't have enough pilots. We're going to marry you up with a crew to go down range.” And you know what he did? He married me up with two people, one who was my classmate from the Class of 1993,   Naviere Walkewicz Really?   Dr. Chaudhary Two was a member of my squadron from Deuce, and he was a new aircraft commander. We had an experienced first pilot, and I didn't know nothing from nothing. I was a brand-new co-pilot. And so, getting ready for that, for those missions, a new environment for me, required something that our squadron commander knew that if I put three Academy graduates together, the bond that they've had in their years was going to carry them through toughest conditions, in unknown conditions. And sure enough, we clicked and did well. But to anybody who's a current cadet and listening in and wondering, “Hey, is this bonding — is what's going on now, the time that we have together here in the Academy going to amount to anything?” I'm here to tell you, it does and through my own life experiences, and quite honestly, in a number of missions, we fly working it together as a team. The bonds we create as cadets carry over for decades.   Naviere Walkewicz 14:54 So maybe you can share some of those bonding moments at the Academy. You said you were a squadron commander. What were some of the lessons you learned from a leadership aspect, in leading your peers, but also while still trying to bond with them?   Dr. Chaudhary 15:08 Yeah, when you look back, sometimes you're separated by age and rank, right? You got age and you got rank and your peer groups kind of set you that way. At the Academy, it's completely different because your peers, as a senior, you're all peers and colleagues, and to take on a leadership role is what I would say is the toughest challenge of all. To lead a team of peers and colleagues can be challenging. And there's challenges that really kind of come with everything like that, but to me, you can't do it without collaboration, without consulting folks and being inclusive in how you give people a voice. Now the jury is out — I'm not going to judge whether I was successful or not. Probably not, you know? But I will say we did one thing: It was gonna be we were gonna be the athletic squadron of the year. We were a beast. In fact, we decided that we were gonna go for one thing: We were the athletic squadron. And so, we did.   Naviere Walkewicz That's impressive!   Dr. Chaudhary We kicked some serious buttt. So, back in the day, you do what was called a sweep. So, if you swept all your sports and intramurals that day, you would, the next day, you would get Mitch's Mountains. And so, the lore of Mitch's Mountains was incredible. And today, interestingly enough, we had what I would call Mitch's Mountain version 2.0 — probably half the calories and twice the caffeine. I don't know what it is. But I actually whipped out a picture of an old Mitch's Mountain. And I show them, they're like, it was really funny, because to see the look in their eyes and to see an original Mitch's Mountain, it was like, oh, you know they looked at and they're like, “That's what a Mitch's…” And they're like, “There's an Oreo cookie on top!” I'm like, for us, “Ok, this is a nice 2.0” and everything, like you gotta go back to…   Naviere Walkewicz 17:05 So, how many of those did you get? If you were actually the athletic squadron, you must have swept multiple days.   Dr. Chaudhary 17:12 You see the love handles on me right now? That was the one challenge. Because, you know, [you‘ve] got to stay in shape. But we kicked some serious butt; we would sweep all the time. I was actually on the water polo team…   Naviere Walkewicz 17:25 …we share that. I did not enjoy it. It sounds like you might.   Dr. Chaudhary 17:30 I don't know. So, I'm a decent swimmer. I'm pretty good. Grew up in Minnesota, tons of lakes. I could say I'm a decent swimmer, but I can tell you I am not a water polo player. So, what they used me for in water polo…   Naviere Walkewicz Were you the buouy?   Dr. Chaudhary I was the anti-buoy, because whoever was the good player, they'd say, “Go and put your arms over that one and get them underwater,” so that our fellow water polo teammate could go in and score. And so, probably one of my most beloved plaques in my life is my water polo plaque because we were Wing champs.   Naviere Walkewicz Oh, my goodness!   Dr. Chaudhary We ran the tables and were Wing champs, and that plaque still sits on my desk. It's one of my most beloved things. You know, my wife, she's getting ready to toss it. I'm like, “No, no, not that!”   Naviere Walkewicz Not the water polo plaque!   Dr. Chaudhary She's like, “Oh, what about this graduation plaque from the Academy?” You can get rid of that, but don't get rid of my water polo plaque. That is beloved. So anyways, I was asking cadets today, “What's Deuce like?” I'm like, “So are you guys a training squadron?”   Naviere Walkewicz What are they like?   Dr. Chaudhary They're like, “We're the standards squadron.” And I'm like, “Wow, that's impressive.” I'm like, “What about Mach One? Are they the training?” So, they're like, “Mach One. Nah, not really.” They're like, “We're No. 1 in SAMIs. We're No. 1 is…? I'm like, “Oh, wow, they still have SAMIs and stuff like that.” Have fun. Yeah, that was a haze for me. Triple threats were always a haze, yes, so I never liked that, because well…   Naviere Walkewicz 18:49 Maybe the Deuce team does now.   Dr. Chaudhary 18:53 Mach One, they loved it. I've got friends from Mach One. They're gonna kill me, but yeah, they love it. They're all into it. Cleaning their rooms and Deuce would be on the corner going, “Would Mach One please go to bed?” So anyway, sorry. But yeah, it was an interesting time, you know, talking with some of our cadets.   Naviere Walkewicz 19:26 I love these stories. So, were you this happy as a cadet?   Dr. Chaudhary 19:31 No, I was not a happy cadet. I was a surviving kid. I was trying to get through the next day. And honestly, to me, it was always a wonder to be there, and I was always grateful for being there to serve. I was in a tough major, aero major, and honestly, it didn't come right away to me. And so I was not one of those sterling cadets that just rocks the house and everything. I was on the Comm List for a good portion of the time, but the academics took some time for me. I spent a lot of time in the aero lab. And, you know, the cool thing is, …  I did projects and drag reduction, and we we tested these winglets on the tips of wings, and we did flow visualization. I had this professor. His name was Tom Yechout, and I was talking to some aero majors today. They're like, “You know, Tom Yechout?” And I'm like…   Naviere Walkewicz He's still there.   Dr. Chaudhary “He teaches controls here” I go, “Well, he taught me flight controls as well.” But he supervised me, and one time, I think, maybe at the last reunion, he brought me to the cabinet, and he opened up the cabinet and he showed me the hardware that we used for our project.   Naviere Walkewicz 20:39 From your class?   Dr. Chaudhary 20:43 Yeah.   Naviere Walkewicz That's amazing!   Dr. Chaudhary And here's why I'm telling you that: When in my interview with Sec. Kendall, he sat me down and he was talking about, “Hey, in your in your team, we're doing some drag reduction activities.” And he's like, “What do you know about blended wing body aircraft?” And it turns out, not only had I done some research on that, I had done a project at Staff College and to me, you know, my message to cadets out there who are working on a project who are wondering, “Hey, is this going to amount to anything? Does this matter?” I'm here to tell you that it does, because the type of work that goes on at this Academy is literally out of this world. We got folks who are working with SpaceX. I went down and that we're actually doing a project called the blended wing aircraft, which is like a big flying manta ray. It's going to reduce fuel consumption by roughly 30% to reduce fuel for fuel consumption across our Air Force and extend our range.   Naviere Walkewicz How are we going to do that?   Dr. Chaudhary Well, we're going to build a prototype in 2027. One of my sections is operational energy, and we have a team dedicated to reducing drag on aircraft, finding efficiencies. Why is this important? Well, it's because in Great Power Competition, we know that our adversaries are going to come after our logistics and fuel — our resources. And as a logistician, you know that. Our adversaries are targeting our installations, they're going to target our fuel resources. So, what's the best thing we can do? We can be as efficient as we can with our fuel and flying C-17s, is one thing you get to know real quick that if you land at an austere location, you're going to drain that fuel bladder almost instantly. And what does that mean? That means less sorties. That's less fire missions if you're flying Apache's out of there. That means less fuel for generators if you lose power. That means less ability to get your CAPs in the air, and we've got to embody that as a department and be ready for what that challenge holds for us. So getting efficient with our field, to me, isn't something that we're going to do because we're nice. We're going to do it because it's going to be an imperative. It's going to be a strategic imperative, and we've got to be ready for that. And so, we've been working hard at those things. The blended wing body aircraft is a long-term thing that it's been out there for a long time, but we've got to proof it. And so, it's really cool…   Naviere Walkewicz It's almost full-circle for you.   Dr. Chaudhary Yeah, it's incredible. And we just were at this, at the plant for Jet Zero. We did a visit there to spend some time with them and look at look at their production facility. And what do I see when I walk in the conference room? Five cadets sitting on the end of the table, learning, taking notes, interacting with the top systems engineers. And interestingly enough, one of those cadets had come and visited me and spent the summer — actually, three of them. She was part of a team of three that came and visited my organization and worked on the impacts of strategic temperature changes and how it will affect payloads for tanker aircraft. And so, they did this research, presented me this paper, and now here I am seeing them at industry being on the leading edge. And to me — let me tell you that filled me with so much optimism and excitement for the future, and most importantly, what we're producing here at the Air Force Academy, a top-notch engineering school that is regarded across the industry. So, a little turn to academics there, but big shout out to what we're doing across our academic programs. I just think we're on the right track, and we need to keep up the momentum.   Naviere Walkewicz 24:30 No, that's huge. I was actually going to ask you, how are you leveraging some of our cadets in some of the things you're doing? But it sounds like they're already doing it.   Dr. Chaudhary 24:40 Check! Done. They're rocking the house. Just, just leading the way. It's awesome.   Naviere Walkewicz 24:43 That's amazing. Yeah. So, let's talk about — and I'm really curious — so, after you graduate the Academy, did you know you always wanted to be a pilot, by the way? Did you know you wanted to fly?   Dr. Chaudhary 24:50 I can't remember a day where I wasn't drawing airplanes. And you're asking me about when I was younger. You know, “What kind of kid were you?” I was a kid who was drawing airplanes. OK, I was the kid with the airplane books. I was a kid who was checking out every single airplane book and library and learning about them and trying to understand them and wanting to know more. And so naturally, it was just — I can't think of a day where I didn't want to be an aerospace engineer, be a pilot. And you know, sometimes the ebb and flow of demand for the Air Force —there was a time of reduction in pilots for the for the Academy, and I didn't get that opportunity then and it was a bummer. But you know, if you do your full duty, the rest will take care of itself. And so, I landed at Los Angeles Air Force Base where we launched this program. I got to launch rocket programs. And you may have heard of this particular payload: It's called GPS.   Naviere Walkewicz 25:44 I might have heard of that one, yes…   Dr. Chaudhary 25:47 …and it was the first time we were doing it. And we're young lieutenants, and we're at Los Angeles Air Force Base, and I was getting the responsibility for third-stage engines and ordnance systems and some of the avionics, and my boss said, “We don't have time. We're launching rockets every single month. I need you to go out to this corporation called Thiokol, and I want you to buy that rocket.” And by the way, he said it in a way that was like, “Don't screw this up,” right?   Naviere Walkewicz The undertone was there.   Dr. Chaudhary Yeah, we've had that don't-screw-it-up moment. And so that was one of them. And so, the one thing that I remember is that our Academy demands a lot, and it demands a lot for a reason. Because leaders will be demanding a lot of brand new officers. Now the jury's out as to how well I did, but we had three we had three successful missions, and we delivered full operational capabilities for our department. And to me, I look back on that. I, believe it or not, still keep in touch with the captain who welcomed me, who brought me on the team and, in 2018, I got the incredible opportunity to let the last Delta II rocket go. And I brought my wife and my daughter with me, and that kind of brought the whole band back together. And it was cool to have kind of the old space cowboys and in the room again going, “Well, let's, let's let this rocket go for one last time.”   Naviere Walkewicz That is really cool.   Dr. Chaudhary And the best part of it was, after that rocket went and you felt the rumble — the rumble of a rocket, there's nothing like it in the world. When you feel the rumble go into your stomach — I leaned over my daughter. I go, “What do you think?” She said, “I am doing that.”   Naviere Walkewicz 27:34 I was just going to ask you, did it bleed over into your daughter?   Dr. Chaudhary 27:38 Now, she's a cadet at Georgia Tech. She just finished field training, and of course, like every good Academy graduate should do, buck the system. So, she bucked the system with her dad and said, “I'm gonna do ROTC and go to Georgia Tech. So, good luck this weekend against Navy. I'll kind of vote for you, but just want to let you know the Academy is a lot easier than Georgia Tech.” So, she and I jaw back and forth, but watching her grow has been really cool. And I got a chance to take her up and fly and get her ready for her career. She wants to be a pilot. And let me tell you, we got nothing on this next generation. They are ready for technology. They are ready for the leading edge, and we've just got to enable them. Honestly, we've got to get the hell out of the way and let them in. There's one situation, we had new avionics on the aircraft. I won't bore you with the details, but it allows you to deconflict from traffic. It's a GPS-based instrument, and I was kind of flying with her one time a few years ago, and I said, “All right, well, this is what is so, you know that little piece, you know 2,000 below you, positive means 2,000 above you. It's closing it…” She's like, “Dad, Dad, Dad, stop, stop!”   Naviere Walkewicz 28:58 She knew…   Dr. Chaudhary 29:00 She knew how to interact with that technology, and honestly, I didn't. I was learning how to interact with that technology. So, we've got to really make sure that we're blazing a path for our next generation, but at the same time, make sure that that we're not getting in their way. And I think sometimes we do that as grads. We're like, “I was like this when I was there…” You know? I was at Mitchell Hall today, and I saw the 0-96 up there and it's memorialized. And I walked by that thing…   Naviere Walkewicz 29:32 Did you scan the QR code to fill one out?   Dr. Chaudhary 29:33 Yeah, I did not do the QR code. I was like, that's too much for me. But when you look at it, you know, I thought, I'm like, that's probably where that thing ought to be right now. It's a great remembrance of why it's important, why standards are important, and then the example of how it paid off in combat conditions and saved a life was pretty important. But I'll be honest with you, we find other ways today with this next generation. I can remember flying one mission and we lost SATCOMMS with a particular field, and we were roughly maybe six hours out for Iraq in the combat zone, and we didn't know the status of the field. And one of the things you need to do is make sure the field's not under attack. So, before we did that, we're like, “Hey, how do we get our 30-minute… You know, it just wasn't happening. But you know what we're doing. We had brevity codes. And all along the line, all the C-17s that were lined up miles after miles going all the way back to Azerbaijan at 30,000 feet. We're all on. We're communicating. … We're using brevity code, so, we're not giving anything away. We're using our brevity code, and we're saying this is the status of the field. And we're relaying, we're literally relaying a half world away. That's a testament to our pilot corps, testament to duty. And so it's really in the spirit of that 0-96 there that we've adopted. So, when people say, “Oh, that tradition is going to ruin us, you know, we're going to lose standards.” I could tell you that, even though we got rid of that thing, that we're still an effective force. And I think we have to understand that a little more and as we kind of move through a period of change at USAFA — I was talking to our cadets about, “Hey, what do you think about the changes?” and, “Yeah, well, restrictions, but I understand on the importance.” I'm going to hearken back to 1991 or so, when the first Gulf War kicked off, and we were cadets when that thing kicked off, and almost instantly we moved into BDUs. We started wearing those every day. We started creating the warfighter mindset. We sealed off to make sure that we had good security. We canceled a lot of passes, and you  know what we did? We moved from a fourth-class system to a four-class system. Sound familiar? Sound familiar? That was after the war kicked off. Think about that. After the war kicked off. Our superintendent is trying to do it before the war kicks off, to make sure that we're ready, ready to fight the fight and get into it. So, I have a lot of respect for our superintendent and taking this step. I do agree that we've got to get execution right. Sometimes you get some growing pains with those things, but I think we've got to step back in the grad community and digest a little bit and get behind some of the changes that have been going on. And I was talking to some cadets last night, I go, “What do you think of this?” And they're like, “We understand it. It hurts a little bit.” Because the expectations … the environment that we're in has now changed. And you know, honestly, I'll shoot straight from the hip and say that sometimes it feels like the goal post is being moved on you, because you meet one standard, and then they move again. Yeah, you know, things get tough, but we're a resilient institution, and when you get down to the brass tacks of who we are as grads, the core of what we do and execute our mission will never go away. And we've just got to blaze a path for our next generation to be successful.   Naviere Walkewicz 33:24 Absolutely. Well, speaking of blaze a path — and I think some of our listeners want to hear sometimes, you know they have times when they fail at things in leadership. How do you grow from that? Can you share a time when you experience failure and what it looked like, to help inspire them through that.   Dr. Chaudhary 33:42 Yep. Well, worst day of my life was when I failed a check-ride. I failed a simulator check-ride in the C-17. And it hurt. It hurt bad. I had aspirations in my career. I was like, “What's this gonna mean for me?” But you know some really smart folks, and that's when you turn to people who you really go to for advice, and it's like, you know, “Ravi, there are those who have and those who will.” So honestly, I just needed a smack in the head. They're like, “Get over it, man. You know, whatever you failed check-ride. Go out there, clean that thing up and those ups and downs in a flying career occur.” I'm being 100% honest with you, my failures are stacked up right next to my successes. And so, I think, to me, the failures were the things that helped me grow, grow through things and sometimes you think, “OK, well, that failure was unfair. I got, you know, I got a raw deal out of that.” Maybe I did, maybe I didn't, but you keep moving forward. Keep taking one step after another. Now I'm not a football guy. I love football. Watch about I never played football, but I do know what running back coaches say. I think, I'm not sure, they say, “Above all, always keep your legs moving. Don't ever up when you're running. Keep your legs moving.” And so, to me, I've always taken that advice. I've given that advice to other people too, especially when they come to me with challenges.   Naviere Walkewicz 35:09 That's great advice. So maybe we can talk about your role now a little bit. And so, can you actually explain what you do? It might actually be shorter to say what you don't do, because when I look at the description, it's quite a bit. We have listeners that are parents and that maybe don't have a lot of military background and really understand. So, I think it's wonderful to share with the full community.   Dr. Chaudhary 35:31 Yeah, let me talk about the position. So, the job is one of those long titles. It's the assistant secretary for energy, installations and the environment. First thing first. I'm not a military member. I am a presidential appointee, so my job is as an appointee, a Senate-confirmed appointee. That means that you go through a hearing like you see in TV, and you get voted on, right? You get the vote. I was lucky enough to have after a period of being held, I had a bipartisan vote. And so that was pretty neat to have that. But my role specifically is to ensure that our installations are ready for the fight, for the future fight, and for current conditions. Things that I lose sleep over: Right now we're in a decade of consequence that our secretary and chief regularly say that decade of consequence includes great power competition in which China and Russia seek to shape the world order in ways that that work to their advantage, in autocratic manner, and so we've got to be ready for that, and that includes establishing an important deterrence. So, my job is to make sure installations are strong and present an approach of deterrence, and when deterrence failed, be ready to win. So, what does that mean for us? That means ensuring that our installations have power capabilities, that have strong runways, that have strong hangars, strong facilities, and included in which — families live on installations as well — to ensure we have top-notch housing. So, you'll see me reaching across all those areas, but importantly enough, making sure that those installations have the right power is critical. Our adversaries have declared their intent and have the capacity to go after our critical infrastructure, and that's the one thing that keeps me up at night: making sure that we have critical redundancies and opportunities to if somebody comes after our infrastructure tries to cut our power, we have redundant capabilities, that our control systems are cyber hardened. And you mentioned earlier, both kinetic and cyber threats. So roughly in the past two decades, as China has modernized our CENTCOM theater has really shaped an environment in which CONUS installations are under threat a little bit, but not entirely. We could be relatively confident that Grand Forks would be generally safe from ISIS from a major attack. In Great Power Competition, all of that goes out the window. Our adversaries, to include Russia and China, know how to go after critical infrastructure. They know how to employ cyber capabilities, and that's why we've got to make sure that we are pursuing cyber hardened energy control systems that protect you from those threats, and the ability to island from the local grid when we need to. So, here's one thing we're doing. I'm on a march over the next five years to bring 20 or so micro grids across our most critical installations. A micro grid — it's kind of like a power bar. You plug it in the wall and you can plug in renewable energy, you plug in wind, geo, you know, all kinds of things into that — solar — to build critical redundancies. So ultimately, building those redundancies allows you to harden your capabilities at the installation and micro-reactors give you the ability to manage and distribute power where you need it. Now we can also put in battery storage. So, battery storage allows you to — when the balloon goes up, boom, put in a firewall with the local community and get the jets out of town. Keep your employed in-place mission moving and build critical redundancies. Then once the jets are out of town, plug back in and share that power with a local community, because we know that our adversaries are going to be driving civil disruption to affect the efficiency of our installations as well, too. So that dynamic is really complex.   Naviere Walkewicz Wow, and the time is compressed.   Dr. Chaudhary And the time is compressed, so we won't have time to react as quickly. So, we've got to prepare for an all-new environment in our installations. And it goes right back to the Hap Arnold quote. We've got to make sure that they're ready to ensure our operations are effective. And I was recently at Eielson Air Force Base, and what we're doing at Eielson is really novel. We're going to put in a small, modular micro-reactor, a small baby nuclear reactor.   Naviere Walkewicz Is there a small version of that?   Dr. Chaudhary Yeah, there is a small version, but it hadn't been developed yet, and we decided that we're going to push on with this new capability and bring it to Eielson Air Force Base. The key is to now — back in the day, we used to do something, proof it military-wise, and then see if it's viable in the in the commercial market, right? Not anymore. We're going to do it all concurrently. So, we're going to pursue a Nuclear Regulatory Commission license. We've been engaging the local community. They love it, including tribal nations, who know that power advantages are going to be important for sharing in the community. And so that will be the first micronuclear reactor in any installation. We're looking to award in the spring or sooner, and then get this thing up and running in 2027. Why is this important at Eielson? And you're like, “Whoa, it's way up in Alaska.” Eielson is a critical entry point for the INDOPACOM theater.   Naviere Walkewicz I was gonna say, where it's located…   Dr. Chaudhary It's where the one of the highest concentrations of our 5th-gen fighter force is at. It's where we do air defense, and it's where our mobility forces will be moving from Fort Wainwright all the way down range. So that's a critical node, and there's a few more of those that we've got to really, really stay focused on. So, energy and, by the way, a happy Energy Action Month as well. This month is Energy Action Month where we're looking at how we can improve power consumption across our Air Force and be more efficient. And bringing these micro-grids online is going to be a crucial, crucial aspect of that.   Naviere Walkewicz 42:07 Well, something I've learned about you is that you're not afraid to push the envelope, push the speed, but do it, like you said, concurrently and to find some solutions. And I don't know that there's anyone else that could do it just like are you're doing it.   Dr. Chaudhary 42:19 It's not me, it's my team. I have an incredible team of folks that refuse to accept anything [less] than excellence in our department. In fact, we have a saying in our organization that, “We eat no for breakfast.” So, I dare you to tell us no and that we can't do something. One of our coolest announcements recently that we were told “no” to for roughly three years, was a new apartment complex at Edwards Air Force Base. So, some folks may not know this, but Edwards Air Force Space is very isolated, and it's located in the desert, and so it takes roughly 45 minutes to get to the base once you get through the gate. And so, isolation of our military members, especially our junior enlisted, has been around for roughly four decades or more. And when we said, “Hey, let's do a venture-backed business model that allows us to bring state of the art departments not in MILCOM timeline like right now, timeline…” And so, we just announced an all-new venture commercial apartment complex that we just broke ground on, and we're going to start building, hopefully done by 2026 and these are timelines that allow us to move the Air Force forward aggressively. Another thing that we're doing is, I just announced a $1.1 billion investment in our dormitories and CDCs. As you know, quality of life is so critical. Back to this: If we're going to be, say that we're the number, have the number one installations in the world, we've got to live up to it, and that means our families need that too, as well. So, you've heard a lot about the GAO reports, everything from mold to decrepit housing. We're going to fix that, we're going to get ahead of it, and we're going to stay ahead of it. And so that's why our secretary, in our most recent president's budget, announced this. All we need is a budget now, yeah, and so, so our secretary is pressing hard for that, and we know that once that budget is approved, we can get working on these things and start changing quality of life and start upping our game in our installations.   Naviere Walkewicz 44:23 Well, I'm gonna take one of those leadership nuggets as “just eat no for breakfast,” but we're gonna learn more about your final takeaway lessons. Before we do that with you. Dr Chaudhary, I wanna thank you for listening to Long Blue Leadership. The podcast publishes Tuesdays in both video and audio, and it's available on all your favorite podcast platforms, watch or listen to all episodes of Long Blue Leadership at longblueleadership.org. Dr Chaudhary, this has been incredible. If you might leave our listeners with one thing, what would you like to share with them when it comes to leadership, or maybe just some lessons or anything about you that you'd like to share?   Dr. Chaudhary 44:57 Love what you do. Love our nation. I love my country because it's given me and my family everything. And I want everybody to believe that, you know, sometimes we get in these periods where we feel divided right across the spectrum, and it doesn't matter what your affiliation is, sometimes you just feel that. But I want folks to remember that America is not about what goes on entirely in Washington. It's about neighbors. It's about what you do for your neighbors. And to me, that's our biggest strength as a nation. You know, many years ago, our forefathers felt that the values of equality, fair treatment and self-determination would be enough to topple an empire, and it is. We should believe that too, and I want everybody to know that. So, it's an honor to be here. But before I go, I want to say thank you for just an intriguing hour. It's an honor to be here, and I want to give you my personal challenge coin…   Naviere Walkewicz Oh my goodness…   Dr. Chaudhary …and say thank you so much. It embodies a lot of what we do, military family housing, airfields, of course our beautiful 5th-gen fighter aircraft and our wind power and capabilities as a symbol of what we've got to do for installation school.   Naviere Walkewicz 46:16 That is an honor, sir. Thank you. Thank you so much. Oh my goodness, thank you.   Dr. Chaudhary 46:20 It was a great hour, and just a pleasure to spend time with…   Naviere Walkewicz 46:26 It was my pleasure. There's so much I wanted ask you and I know we're limited on time … Is there anything we can do for you?   Dr. Chaudhary 46:36 Just keep doing what you do. Keep making sure that our grads out there have a voice, have a say, and can contribute to all this institution has to offer our nation. And so, you're doing it, and I can't thank you enough for it.   Naviere Walkewicz 46:49 Thank you very much.     KEYWORDS Air Force, Dr. Ravi Chaudhary, leadership, installations, energy, community service, innovation, military, great power competition, sustainability, Air Force Academy, leadership, aviation, innovation, energy solutions, GPS, pilot training, military standards, personal growth, resilience     MORE FROM DR. CHAUDHARY ON THE FOR THE ZOOMIES PODCAST with C1C ANDREW CORMIER '25     The Long Blue Line Podcast Network is presented by the U.S. Air Force Academy Association and Foundation      

Astronautics professor Grace Gao is an authority on the Global Positioning System. GPS has long been key to navigation on Earth, she says, but science is now shifting its focus outward to the frontiers of space. Gao is working on a GPS-like system for the Moon. To keep costs low, this lunar positioning system will leverage Earth-based satellites complemented by a network of smaller satellites in lunar orbit. It could lead to autonomous vehicles on the moon and a new era of lunar exploration, Gao tells host Russ Altman on this episode of Stanford Engineering's The Future of Everything podcast. Have a question for Russ? Send it our way in writing or via voice memo, and it might be featured on an upcoming episode. Please introduce yourself, let us know where you're listening from, and share your quest. You can send questions to thefutureofeverything@stanford.edu.Episode Reference Links:Stanford Profile: Grace GaoGrace's Labe:Stanford NAV LabConnect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/XConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/XChapters:(00:00:00) IntroductionRuss Altman introduces Grace Gao, a professor of aeronautics and astronautics at Stanford University.(00:02:15) GNSS vs. GPSThe difference between GPS and GNSS, and the different global navigation systems.(00:03:09) How Does GPS Work? GPS operation, including the role of satellites, ground monitoring stations, and user receivers.(00:04:07) GPS Signal and SatellitesHow GPS uses multiple satellites and how the different global systems collaborate to improve accuracy.(00:05:23) GPS Challenges in CitiesIssues with GPS in urban environments and the importance of reliability and safety.(00:07:53) Improving GPS AccuracyMultimodal sensor fusion helps enhance GPS accuracy in challenging environments. (00:10:11) Collaboration Among Autonomous VehiclesThe potential for autonomous vehicles to share information for better navigation and safety.(00:14:07) GPS Safety and Signal JammingGPS safety concerns and real-world signal disruption examples.(00:18:56) GPS in Space TravelHow GNSS and Earth-based GPS systems can support space missions.(00:25:05) Designing Lunar GPSThe cost and coverage challenges of creating a lunar navigation system.(00:27:13) Autonomous Moon RoversNASA's plans for collaborative autonomous rovers on the Moon.(00:30:42) Conclusion Connect With Us:Episode Transcripts >>> The Future of Everything WebsiteConnect with Russ >>> Threads or Twitter/XConnect with School of Engineering >>> Twitter/X

“Words are the new weapons, satellites the new artillery.” Jonathan Pryce's villain Elliot Carver says to James Bond in Tomorrow Never Dies right before he manipulates a GPS signal to make a British destroyer begin a confrontation with the Chinese military, may seem like the realm of pop culture; the idea of manipulating GPS signals and disrupting communications has long been a staple of spy thrillers like our favorite James Bond films. But while these scenarios make for thrilling entertainment, the reality is far more complex and consequential.   The invisible threads of satellite technology puppet our every move, from the ships traversing vast oceans to the cars navigating city streets. At the heart of this intricate web lies the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), a constellation of satellites that provide precise positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) information to countless devices across the globe.   Recent news stories have highlighted the vulnerabilities of GNSS, from the possibility of signal jamming and spoofing to the potential for widespread disruption in the event of a satellite failure. This isn't just in movies, a recent book by Washington Post columnist David Ignatius about a Russian space scientist who finds evidence of a system kill switch, that can turn off the Global Positioning System, on which every aspect of U.S. communications, transportation, and our economic lifeline depends on.   These risks are not just the stuff of fiction; they have real-world implications for our increasingly interconnected society.   Fortunately, advancements in alternative positioning and timing systems offer a promising solution. By harnessing the power of ground-based infrastructure, these technologies provide a resilient and secure alternative to satellite-based navigation, ensuring that our critical systems remain operational even in the face of adversity.   How can Microchip Technology help in securing our critical infrastructure, and help world leaders chart a course towards a future where the doomsday scenarios remain firmly in the realm of fiction?   This is part 2 of a two-part episode.   Links from the episode: https://www.microchip.com/clock    Guests:  Greg Wolff

“Words are the new weapons, satellites the new artillery.” Jonathan Pryce's villain Elliot Carver says to James Bond in Tomorrow Never Dies right before he manipulates a GPS signal to make a British destroyer begin a confrontation with the Chinese military, may seem like the realm of pop culture; the idea of manipulating GPS signals and disrupting communications has long been a staple of spy thrillers like our favorite James Bond films. But while these scenarios make for thrilling entertainment, the reality is far more complex and consequential.   The invisible threads of satellite technology puppet our every move, from the ships traversing vast oceans to the cars navigating city streets. At the heart of this intricate web lies the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), a constellation of satellites that provide precise positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) information to countless devices across the globe.   Recent news stories have highlighted the vulnerabilities of GNSS, from the possibility of signal jamming and spoofing to the potential for widespread disruption in the event of a satellite failure. This isn't just in movies, a recent book by Washington Post columnist David Ignatius about a Russian space scientist who finds evidence of a system kill switch, that can turn off the Global Positioning System, on which every aspect of U.S. communications, transportation, and our economic lifeline depends on.   These risks are not just the stuff of fiction; they have real-world implications for our increasingly interconnected society.   Fortunately, advancements in alternative positioning and timing systems offer a promising solution. By harnessing the power of ground-based infrastructure, these technologies provide a resilient and secure alternative to satellite-based navigation, ensuring that our critical systems remain operational even in the face of adversity.   How can Microchip Technology help in securing our critical infrastructure, and help world leaders chart a course towards a future where the doomsday scenarios remain firmly in the realm of fiction?   This is part 1 of a two-part episode.   Links from the episode: https://www.microchip.com/clock    Guests:  Greg Wolff

How does GPS work? How can satellites tell you where you are? And what does Einstein have to do with all of this? See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

GPS, the Global Positioning System, is now half a century old. This extraordinary technological advance routinely guides planes, ships, trains, automobiles, bikers and pedestrians with high precision. A Defense Department technology, GPS became widely available to the public in 1990. It has displaced and replaced some older navigation systems and brought revolutionary change to location and timing tasks. To review some of the benefits GPS has brought, we talk with Michael Gallaher, of RTI International, who is co-author of a study of the benefits of GPS for the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

The final part in a series which has polarized the nation. We tackle -- alongside Bruce Nielson as always -- the remaining part of Scott's FAQ: Political Issues. Can the government get anything right? Has Scott strawmanned the libertarian argument in this section? Is libertarianism an economic theory, a political theory, a metaphysical theory, or a branch of physics? And what do Milton and Ludwig have to say about all this? Warning: we get a little meta with this one... We discuss Is the government effective at doing anything? What's the use of thinking counterfactually? Is it just market failures all the way down? Three kinds of anarcho-capitalists The economic calculation problem Is an economic theory necessarily political? What to make of the claim that austrian economics is like physics But wait, isn't it also metaphysics? References Scott's FAQ (https://slatestarcodex.com/2017/02/22/repost-the-non-libertarian-faq/) Napolean science funding: Canned food (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canning#French_origins) More readings (https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/napoleons-lifelong-interest-science-180964485/) Bruce's Theory of Anything Pod (https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-theory-of-anything/id1503194218) and on twitter at @bnielson01 Vaden's blog posts on Libertarianism: First: Is Austrian Economics the Best Explanation of Economics? (https://vmasrani.github.io/blog/2023/aecr-challenge/) Second: Can we predict human behaviour? A discussion with Brett Hall (https://vmasrani.github.io/blog/2023/predicting-human-behaviour/) Quotes The Argument: Government can't do anything right. Its forays into every field are tinged in failure. Whether it's trying to create contradictory “state owned businesses”, funding pet projects that end up over budget and useless, or creating burdensome and ridiculous “consumer protection” rules, its heavy-handed actions are always detrimental and usually embarrassing. ... The Counterargument: Government sometimes, though by no means always, does things right, and some of its institutions and programs are justifiably considered models of efficiency and human ingenuity. There are various reasons why people are less likely to notice these. - Scott's FAQ 7.1.1: Okay, fine. But that's a special case where, given an infinite budget, they were able to accomplish something that private industry had no incentive to try. And to their credit, they did pull it off, but do you have any examples of government succeeding at anything more practical? Eradicating smallpox and polio globally, and cholera and malaria from their endemic areas in the US. Inventing the computer, mouse, digital camera, and email. Building the information superhighway and the regular superhighway. Delivering clean, practically-free water and cheap on-the-grid electricity across an entire continent. Forcing integration and leading the struggle for civil rights. Setting up the Global Positioning System. Ensuring accurate disaster forecasts for hurricanes, volcanoes, and tidal waves. Zero life-savings-destroying bank runs in eighty years. Inventing nuclear power and the game theory necessary to avoid destroying the world with it. Socials Follow us on Twitter at @IncrementsPod, @BennyChugg, @VadenMasrani Come join our discord server! DM us on twitter or send us an email to get a supersecret link Help us think counterfactually and get exclusive bonus content by becoming a patreon subscriber here (https://www.patreon.com/Increments). Or give us one-time cash donations to help cover our lack of cash donations here (https://ko-fi.com/increments). Click dem like buttons on youtube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_4wZzQyoW4s4ZuE4FY9DQQ) How much would you like to pay for a fresh gulp of air? Tell us over at incrementspodcast@gmail.com. Special Guest: Bruce Nielson.

This week we talk about APT28, spoofing, and hybrid warfare.We also discuss the Baltics, Tartu airport, and hacking.Recommended Book: The Middle Passage by James HollisTranscriptIn early May of 2024, the German government formally blamed a Russian hacking group called APT28 for hacking members of the governing German Social Democratic Party in 2023, and warned of unnamed consequences.Those consequences may apply just to APT28, which is also sometimes called "Fancy Bear," or they may apply to the Russian government, as like many Russia-based hacking groups, APT28 often operates hand-in-glove with the Russian military intelligence service, which allows the Russian government to deny involvement in all sorts of attacks on all sorts of targets, while covertly funding and directing the actions of these groups.APT28 reportedly also launched attacks against German defense, aerospace, and information technology companies, alongside other business entities and agencies involved, even tangentially, with Ukraine and its defense measures against Russia's invasion.This hacking effort allegedly began in early 2022, shortly after Russia began its full-scale invasion of Ukraine, and the head of the Russian embassy in Germany has been summoned to account for these accusations—though based on prior attacks and allegations related to them by Russia's intelligence agencies, and the hacking groups it uses as proxies, that summoning is unlikely to result in anything beyond a demonstration of anger on the part of the German government, formally registered with Russia's representative in Berlin.For its part, Russia's government has said that it was in no way involved in any incidents of the kind the German government describes, though Germany's government seems pretty confident in their assessment on this, at this point, having waited a fair while to make this accusation, and utilizing its partnerships with the US, UK, Canada, and New Zealand to confirm attribution.This accusation has been leveled amidst of wave of similar attacks, also allegedly by Russia and its proxies, against other targets in the EU and NATO—including but not limited to the Czech Republic, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, and Sweden.Many of these attacks have apparently made use of an at-the-time unknown security flaw in Microsoft software that gave them access to compromised email accounts for long periods of time, allowing them to, among other things, scoop up intelligence reports from folks in the know in these countries, sifting their messages for data that would help Russia's forces in Ukraine.This group, and other Russia GRU, their intelligence service, proxies, have reportedly targeted government and critical infrastructure targets in at least 10 NATO countries since the fourth quarter of 2023, alone, according to analysis by Palo Alto Networks, and experts in this space have said they're concerned these sorts of attacks, while often oriented toward intelligence-gleaning and at times embarrassing their targets, may also be part of a larger effort to weaken and even hobble intelligence, military, and critical infrastructure networks in regional nations, which could, over time, reduce stability in these countries, increase extremism, and possibly prevent them from defending themselves and their neighbors in the event of a more formal attack by Russian forces.What I'd like to talk about today is another sort of attack, allegedly also launched by Russia against their neighbors in this part of the world, but this one a little less well-reported-upon, at this point, despite it potentially being even more broadly impactful.—The Global Positioning System, or GPS, was originally developed in 1973 by the US Department of Defense. Its first satellite was launched in 1978, and its initial, complete constellation of 24 satellites were in orbit and functional in 1993.This satellite network's full functionality was only available to the US military until 2000, when then-President Bill Clinton announced that it would be opened up for civilian use, as well.This allowed aviation and similar industries to start using it on the vehicles and other assets, and normal, everyday people were thenceforth able to buy devices that tapped this network to help them figure out where they were in the world, and get to and from wherever they wanted to go.A high-level explanation of how GPS works is that all of these satellites contain atomic clocks that are incredibly stable and which remain synchronized with each other, all showing the exact same, very precise time. These satellites broadcast signals that indicate what time their clocks currently read.GPS devices, as long as they can connect to the signals broadcast by a few of these satellites, can figure out where they're located by noting the tiny differences in the time between these broadcasts: signals from satellites that are further away will take longer to arrive, and that time difference will be noted by a given device, which then allows it to triangulate a geolocation based on the distance between the device and those several satellites.This is a simple concept that has created in a world in which most personal electronic devices now contain the right hardware and software to tap these satellite signals, compute these distances, and casually place us—via our smartphones, cars, computers, watches, etc—on the world map, in a highly accurate fashion.This type of technology has proven to be so useful that even before it was made available for civilian use, catalyzing the world that we live in today, other governments were already investing in their own satellite networks, most predicated on the same general concept; they wanted to own their own constellation of satellites and technologies, though, just in case, because the GPS network could theoretically be locked down by the US government at some point, and because they wanted to make sure they had their own militarizable version of the tech, should they need it.There are also flaws in the US GPS system that make it less ideal for some use-cases and in some parts of the world, so some GPS copycats fill in the blanks on some of those flaws, while others operate better at some latitudes than vanilla GPS does.All of which brings us to recent troubles that the global aviation industry has had in some parts of the world, related to their flight tracking systems.Most modern aircraft use some kind of global navigation satellite system, which includes GPS, but also Europe's Galileo, Russia's GLONASS, and China's BeiDou, among other competitors.These signals can sometimes be interrupted or made fuzzy by natural phenomena, like solar flares and the weather, and all of these systems have their own peculiarities and flaws, and sometimes the hardware systems they use to lock onto these signals, or the software they use to compute a location based on them, will go haywire for normal, tech-misbehaving reasons.Beginning in the 1990s, though, we began to see electronic countermeasures oriented toward messing with these global navigation satellite system technologies.These technologies, often called satellite navigation deceivers, are used by pretty much every government on the planet, alongside a slew of nongovernment actors that engage in military or terrorist activities, and they operate using a variety of jamming methods, but most common is basically throwing out a bunch of signals that look like GPS or other navigation system signals, and this has the practical effect of rendering these gadgets unusable, because they don't know which signal is legit and which is garbage; a bit like blasting loud noises to keep people from talking to each other, messing with their communication capacity.It's also possible to engage in what's called GPS Spoofing, which means instead of throwing out gobs of garbage signals, you actually send just a few signals that are intended to look legit and to be accepted by, for instance, a plane's GPS device, which then makes the aircraft's navigation systems think the plane is somewhere other than it is—maybe just a little off, maybe on the other side of the planet.Notably, neither of these sorts of attacks are actually that hard to pull off anymore, and it's possible to build a GPS-jamming device at home, if you really want to, though spoofing is a fair bit more difficult. Also worth knowing is that while making your own jammer is absolutely frowned upon by most governments, and it's actually illegal in the US and UK, across most of the world it's kind of a Wild West in this regard, and you can generally get away with making one if you want to, though there's a chance you'd still be arrested if you caused any real trouble with it.And it is possible to cause trouble with these things: most pilots and crew are aware of how these devices work and can watch for their effects, using backup tools to keep tabs on their locations when they need to; but using those backup tools requires a lot more effort and attention, and there's a chance that if they're hit by these issues at a bad moment, when they're distracted by other things, or when they're coming in for a landing or attempting to navigate safely around another aircraft, that could present a dangerous situation.That's why, until May 31, at the minimum, Finnair will no longer be flying to Tartu airport—which is a very small airport in Estonia, but it's home to the Baltic Defense College, which is one of NATO's educational hubs, and losing a daily flight to Tartu (the only daily flight at this particular airport) from Helsinki, will disconnect this area, via plane, at least, from the rest of Europe, which is inconvenient and embarrassing.This daily flight was cancelled because of ongoing disruptions to the airport's GPS system, which was previously an on-and-off sort of thing, but which, since 2022, when Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine, has become a lot worse. And Tartu relies exclusively on GPS for planes landing at the airport, and thus doesn't have another fallback system, if GPS fails at a vital, dangerous moment.This is a running theme throughout the Baltic region, an area populated by now-democratic NATO members that were formerly part of the Soviet Union, and which are considered to be at risk of a Russian invasion or other sort of attack if the invasion of Ukraine goes Russia's way.Almost all aircraft flying through this area have experienced GPS-jamming issues since 2022, and though that Finnair flight is the only one to have been cancelled as a result of all this jamming, so far, there are concerns that this could really scramble travel and shipping in the region, as it's making all flying in the area that much more risky on a continuous basis.Finland's government is framing this jamming as part of a hybrid warfare effort on Russia's part—alongside other hybrid efforts, like bussing migrants to Finland's borders in order to strain national coffers and nudge politics toward reactionary extremes.Some other nations are thinking along the same lines, though there's a chance that, rather than this jamming representing an intentional assault on these neighboring nations, it may actually be something closer to overflow from other, nearby jamming activities: Russia jamming GPS signals in Ukraine, for instance, or the governance of the Kaliningrad region, which is a Russian enclave separated from the rest of Russia and surrounded by Poland and Lithuania, engaging in their own, localized jamming, and those signals are then picked up across national borders, because that's how these signals work—just like sound can travel further than you might intend.It's possible we're seeing a bit of both here, overflow from that huge regional conflict, but also intentional jabs meant to make life more difficult for NATO nations, stressing their systems and costing them money and other resources, while also maybe testing the region's capacity to cope with such GPS disruptions and blackouts in the event of a potential future conflict.Another point worth making here, though, is that we see a lot of this sort of behavior in conflict zones, globally.FlightRadar24 recently introduced a live GPS jamming map to keep track of this sort of thing, and as of the day I'm recording this, alongside these consistent irregularities in the Baltic region, Ukraine, and parts of Eastern Europe, there's jamming occurring in the Middle East, near Israel, throughout Turkey, which has ongoing conflicts with insurgents in the afflicted areas, a portion of Moldova that is attempting to break away with the support of Russia, similar to what happened in Ukraine back in 2014, a northern portion of India where the Indian government has an ongoing conflict with separatists, and in Myanmar, where the military government is embroiled in fighting with a variety of groups that have unified to overthrow them.This has become common in conflict zones over the past few decades, then, as those who want to deny this data, and the capabilities it grants, to their enemies tend to blanket the relevant airwaves with disruptive noise or incorrect location information, rendering the GPS and similar networks less useful or entirely useless thereabouts.In Ukraine, the military has already worked out ways around this noise and false information, incorporating alternative navigation systems into their infrastructure, allowing them to use whichever one is the most accurate at any given moment.And it's likely, especially if this dynamic continues, which it probably will, as again, this is a fairly easy thing to accomplish, it's likely that spreading out and becoming less reliant on just one navigation system will probably become more common, or possibly even the de facto setup, which will be beneficial in the sense that each of these systems has its own pros and cons, but perhaps less so in that more satellites will be necessary to keep that larger, multi-model network operating at full capacity, and that'll make it more expensive to operate these systems, while also creating more opportunities for satellite collisions up in the relevant orbit—an orbit that's becoming increasingly crowded, and which is already packed with an abundance of no longer operational craft that must be avoided and operated-around.Show Noteshttps://www.dw.com/en/gps-jamming-in-the-baltic-region-is-russia-responsible/a-68993942https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cne900k4wvjohttps://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2024/04/30/who-is-jamming-airliners-gps-in-the-baltichttps://www.ft.com/content/37776b16-0b92-4a23-9f90-199d45d955c3https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/what-is-gps-jamming-why-it-is-problem-aviation-2024-04-30/https://www.politico.eu/article/gps-jamming-is-a-side-effect-of-russian-military-activity-finnish-transport-agency-says/https://www.flightradar24.com/data/gps-jamminghttps://www.flightradar24.com/blog/types-of-gps-jamming/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviaconversiyahttps://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russian-hackers-targeted-nato-eastern-european-militaries-google-2022-03-30/https://www.cnn.com/2023/12/07/politics/russian-hackers-nato-forces-diplomats/index.htmlhttps://www.reuters.com/technology/cybersecurity/russian-cyber-attacks-targeted-defence-aerospace-sectors-berlin-says-2024-05-03/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/5/3/germany-accuses-russia-of-intolerable-cyberattack-warns-of-consequenceshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fancy_Bear This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit letsknowthings.substack.com/subscribe

Historic covered bridges in the United States are under threat by the use of the modern technology GPS. 美国历史悠久的廊桥正受到现代 GPS 技术的使用的威胁。 GPS is short for Global Positioning System. The satellite system tells people who use map applications what roads to use to go from one place to another. GPS 是全球定位系统的缩写。 卫星系统告诉使用地图应用程序的人们从一个地方到另一个地方要使用哪些道路。 The historic bridges usually have signs, including flashing lights, to warn trucks that are too tall or too heavy not to cross. But some truck drivers do not follow the warnings and crash into the bridge. They say the GPS directed them onto the bridge. Many times, the drivers are using systems made for cars instead of large trucks. 历史悠久的桥梁通常设有标志，包括闪烁的灯光，警告过高或过重的卡车不要通过。 但一些卡车司机没有遵守警告，撞上了桥。 他们说 GPS 引导他们到了桥上。 很多时候，司机使用的是为汽车而不是大型卡车设计的系统。 In the northeastern state of Vermont, Lyndon town officials say the 146-year-old Miller's Bridge has been hit more than 20 times. 在佛蒙特州东北部，林登镇官员表示，已有 146 年历史的米勒桥已被撞击超过 20 次。 Justin Smith is an administrator for Lyndon. “GPS is the most general excuse that is given by drivers that do hit the bridge,” he said. Drivers can face a fine of $5,000 from the town, plus payments to the state. But he added that the real problem is drivers simply not thinking about their actions. 贾斯汀·史密斯 (Justin Smith) 是林登 (Lyndon) 的管理员。 “GPS 是撞桥司机给出的最普遍的借口，”他说。 司机可能会面临镇政府 5,000 美元的罚款，另外还要向州政府缴纳罚款。 但他补充说，真正的问题是司机根本没有考虑自己的行为。 Jack Harris is the head of Lyndon's police. He said that the bridge had to be closed twice for major repairs. Each time, it took several months to finish the job. 杰克·哈里斯是林登警察局局长。 他说，这座桥曾两次因大修而关闭。 每次都需要几个月的时间才能完成。 In 2019, a truck hit the bridge supports. Engineering and repair costs were nearly $100,000, said Smith. 2019年，一辆卡车撞上了桥梁支架。 史密斯说，工程和维修成本接近 10 万美元。 About half the time, the town gets its money back through the drivers' insurance — if it catches them. Many drivers simply drive away without telling officials about the accident. A nearby security camera aimed at the bridge has helped officials find some drivers. 大约一半的情况下，该镇会通过司机的保险拿回钱——如果他们被抓到的话。 许多司机只是开车离开，没有告诉官员这起事故。 附近的一个针对大桥的安全摄像头帮助官员找到了一些司机。“They will claim that they didn't know they hit it and yet you'll see the truck stop in the middle of the bridge and they'll look up to see that they're hitting the bridge,” Police Chief Harris said. 警察局长哈里斯说：“他们会声称他们不知道自己撞到了桥，但你会看到卡车停在桥中间，他们抬头一看就会发现自己撞到了桥。” Bill Caswell is president of the National Society for the Preservation of Covered Bridges. He said trucks have damaged many covered bridges in Vermont and other states like Illinois and Ohio. 比尔·卡斯韦尔 (Bill Caswell) 是国家廊桥保护协会主席。 他说，卡车损坏了佛蒙特州以及伊利诺伊州和俄亥俄州等其他州的许多廊桥。 Caswell said trucks hit a covered bridge in Cobb County, Georgia, so many times that officials put metal barriers at each end of it. The bridge also has warning signs and flashing lights.卡斯韦尔说，卡车多次撞上佐治亚州科布县的一座廊桥，官员们在桥的两端都设置了金属屏障。 桥上还设有警告标志和闪光灯。 “Even with all the warnings, the barriers are still struck,” Caswell wrote to The Associated Press. “But the bridge is now protected.” 卡斯韦尔在给美联社的信中写道：“尽管发出了所有警告，障碍仍然存在。” “但这座桥现在受到了保护。” Back in Lyndon, the town is looking at plans to put a steel beam in front of the bridge. The beam would force trucks that are too tall to come to a stop.回到林登，该镇正在考虑在桥前放置一根钢梁的计划。 横梁会迫使太高的卡车无法停下来。 A Google spokesperson said their Google Maps' app is made for drivers of cars and small trucks. The spokesperson added that drivers of larger vehicles should use different systems. 谷歌发言人表示，他们的谷歌地图应用程序是为汽车和小型卡车司机设计的。 该发言人补充说，大型车辆的驾驶员应该使用不同的系统。 Apple also has a “Maps” app. The company did not answer an Associated Press email asking for comment. 苹果还有一个“地图”应用程序。 该公司没有回复美联社要求置评的电子邮件。 In Lyndon, there are different ideas in town about what to do, said Smith, the administrator. 管理员史密斯说，在林登，镇上对于该做什么有不同的想法。 “Some people obviously want to see something that protects the bridge so we can keep it in place,” he said. “Others are like: ‘It's time to take it off and set it on the side and put a more standard bridge in.” “有些人显然希望看到一些可以保护桥梁的东西，这样我们就可以将其保持在适当

If you’re driving up the highway from Dallas to Minneapolis, you might rely on the Global Positioning System to help get you there. If GPS didn’t take the equations of Albert Einstein into account, though, you might wind up in Rapid City, or Milwaukee, or even the middle of Lake Michigan. That’s because the system’s timing would be off — an error that adds up to several miles per day. That would quickly make the system useless.The effect is known as time dilation. It comes from Albert Einstein’s theories of Relativity. They tell us that clocks tick at different rates relative to each other, depending on their speed and the gravitational pull they feel. So clocks on spacecraft appear to tick at different rates from those on Earth. An astronaut on the International Space Station, for example, ages a few millionths of a second less every day than the people on Earth.GPS satellites orbit at much higher altitudes than the space station, and their orbital speed is less. When you combine the effects, a clock on a GPS satellite gains about 38 millionths of a second per day compared to its ground-based counterparts. GPS computes locations based in part by comparing the time on different satellites. So the clocks on these satellites are adjusted to tick that much slower than the clocks on the ground. That keeps all the clocks in sync — and you on the right path to your destination. Script by Damond Benningfield

A Global Positioning System will get us to where we want to be, but our purpose will get us to where we are supposed  to be...

ABOUT BERT MARTIN OHNEMULLER: Bert Martin's Profile: linkedin.com/in/bert-martin-ohnemüller-bmoWebsites:Personal: bmo.de Company Website:  www.neuromerchandising.comPhone: +4915158780680 (Mobile)Address: Kaiserstrasse 61 60329 FrankfurtEmail: bmo@bmo.deTwitter: BertMartin SHOW INTRO:In 2015 I had finished writing my book Retail (r)Evolution and was the world of speaking engagements where I was out spreading the message. Anyone who has written a book will tell you that getting the text published it's just the beginning. The next exciting, though occasionally somewhat tiring, step is to be out on the road speaking at conferences and engaging audiences in the ideas that you had spent the previous two or more years developing and putting to paper.I had the good fortune to be invited to speak at the Shopper Brain Conference in Amsterdam presented by the Neuromarketing Science and Business Association.Speaking at the Shopper Brain Conference was somewhat of a an acid test, a way to be able to gauge whether me - the non-neuroscientist but but the artist, architect, educator and now author, who happened to spend the last four years or so deep diving into the world of neuroscience and its interrelationship with customer behavior and emerging digital technologies, would survive in front of an audience full of scientists and neuromarketing practitioners. My son who I had offered the opportunity to come along on the trip with me would be busy working on homework in the hotel lobby while he was dad was out in front of a few 100 conference attendees talking about the brain, the things you might just want to know about how it works if you're proposing to make engaging customer experiences and the influence that digital technologies was having on both the three pound organ inside your skull and the behavior of shoppers around the globe.I had studied psychology before ente ring the school of architecture at McGill University in Montreal but digging into the world of neuroscience had totally captivated me. I knew that at a base level there was more than just psychology at play in what people did when on a shopping trip. My original intuition was there had to be something, at a base level, that was driving behavior that was maybe crossed generationally, cross culturally, cross ethnically etc similar for all humans. And so, studying neuroscience, brain structures and how things worked inside our head became an area of deep study.That fascination his not left me but only become deeper. Seemed like the more I studied the more I felt I didn't fully understand. But then again that probably made some sense because the pace at which discoveries were being made in the neuroscience world were unfolding at a rapid pace where imaging technologies we're now allowing us to see into the brain in ways that we've never seen before.And so there I was digging into subjects like the mind body connection, the power of stories and the release of neurochemicals, mirror neurons and understanding the brain as a pattern recognizing machine. Understanding the brain began to suggest that what I might have understood as intuition based on experience and careful observation of how people reacted in places could be augmented with the heft of science that was quite definitive about what people might likely do or feel in spaces based on how the environment around them was designed and the interactions they were having with other people.While at the conference I sat and watched scientists, marketing and advertising executives, thought leaders and design practitioners all talk about the power of understanding the brain.One of the other speakers and I struck up a conversation while there and it seemed as though we both we're coming to this world with deep fascination about how the understanding of neuroscience would shape the interactions between people in the brand experience place. Bert Ohnemuller and I seemed to connect immediately. Bert seemed to have an air of approachable and transparent authenticity. He seems genuine and curious in his willingness to discover new ideas and to hear new insights and different points of views that challenged his preconceptions. He was candid and attentive in our conversations sharing some of the challenges in understanding science behind the brain and other subjects such as creating places for relevant customer engagement and leadership.In the past few years Bert and I both chased different professional paths and until recently Bert and I reconnected. His enthusiasm to learn and compassionate approaches to understanding how we as humans might optimize our lived experience had not left him. In fact to the contrary, it seemed like it had only become more profound. He's a man on a mission.Talking to Bert Ohnemuller is like opening a compendium of thought leadership seminars, that are founded in neuroscience and evolutionary biology. Despite his deep understanding of neuroscience, he is someone that very much has decided to leave his head and lead with his heart. It is perhaps because he is so deeply studied the science that he is able to look inward and understand his own behavior as being a function of where we have come as a species and how the mind body connection of our individual systems is just part of a larger more complex system where individuals resonate and influence the emotional states and behaviors of others.Bert believes that leadership style starts with understanding the self, that leadership is first and foremost about self leadership. In fact he takes this a step further and suggests that leaders should be required to deeply understand and lead themselves before they be put in positions of leading others. He often talks about the EPS - Emotional Positioning System not a Global Positioning System. However his emotional positioning system, that inner sense of who we are and what drives us in making our decisions and creating empathic and relevant relationships to others, is in fact a Global Positioning System of me within the context of the larger human whole.He believes that in understanding ourselves we might then extend that self knowledge outwards towards others deepening our relationships through empathic extension. Bert believes that we are in what he refers to as the Decade of Humanity. And unpacks these ideas in his book “Lead- Speak- Inspire” which has now been translated into five languages. Ohnemuller's principle key performance indicator for the decade of humanity is what he calls “ROK - Return on kindness.”A core component of this premise his based on the idea of personal responsibility. That we have to develop response – ability; our ability to respond appropriately in circumstances that challenge our existing narratives.After working for years in the fast-paced and high-pressured Consumer Packaged Goods industry with companies like Nestle, Bert now is a high performance business coach and the founder of the neuromerchandising group. His mission he says is spreading knowledge and leadership philosophies in the decade of humanity - a world where people do what they do with passion, a world where companies are role models for the society. A truly value based world.Bert Ohnemuller is a sought-after keynote speaker, author of several books   positive psychology with more than three decades of entrepreneurial experiences. For Ohnemueller says that “humanity is not a soft or romantic quality but the precondition for long term success and profitability. We need to have a much better understanding about human beings and about oneself in order to unlock the full potential of individual and corporations.” ABOUT DAVID KEPRON:LinkedIn Profile: linkedin.com/in/david-kepron-9a1582bWebsites: https://www.davidkepron.com    (personal website)vmsd.com/taxonomy/term/8645  (Blog)Email: david.kepron@NXTLVLexperiencedesign.comTwitter: DavidKepronPersonal Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/davidkepron/NXTLVL Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/nxtlvl_experience_design/Bio:David Kepron is a multifaceted creative professional with a deep curiosity to understand ‘why', ‘what's now' and ‘what's next'. He brings together his background as an architect, artist, educator, author, podcast host and builder to the making of meaningful and empathically-focused, community-centric customer connections at brand experience places around the globe. David is a former VP - Global Design Strategies at Marriott International. While at Marriott, his focus was on the creation of compelling customer experiences within Marriott's “Premium Distinctive” segment which included: Westin, Renaissance, Le Meridien, Autograph Collection, Tribute Portfolio, Design Hotels and Gaylord hotels. In 2020 Kepron founded NXTLVL Experience Design, a strategy and design consultancy, where he combines his multidisciplinary approach to the creation of relevant brand engagements with his passion for social and cultural anthropology, neuroscience and emerging digital technologies. As a frequently requested international speaker at corporate events and international conferences focusing on CX, digital transformation, retail, hospitality, emerging technology, David shares his expertise on subjects ranging from consumer behaviors and trends, brain science and buying behavior, store design and visual merchandising, hotel design and strategy as well as creativity and innovation. In his talks, David shares visionary ideas on how brand strategy, brain science and emerging technologies are changing guest expectations about relationships they want to have with brands and how companies can remain relevant in a digitally enabled marketplace. David currently shares his experience and insight on various industry boards including: VMSD magazine's Editorial Advisory Board, the Interactive Customer Experience Association, Sign Research Foundation's Program Committee as well as the Center For Retail Transformation at George Mason University.He has held teaching positions at New York's Fashion Institute of Technology (F.I.T.), the Department of Architecture & Interior Design of Drexel University in Philadelphia, the Laboratory Institute of Merchandising (L.I.M.) in New York, the International Academy of Merchandising and Design in Montreal and he served as the Director of the Visual Merchandising Department at LaSalle International Fashion School (L.I.F.S.) in Singapore.  In 2014 Kepron published his first book titled: “Retail (r)Evolution: Why Creating Right-Brain Stores Will Shape the Future of Shopping in a Digitally Driven World” and he is currently working on his second book to be published soon. David also writes a popular blog called “Brain Food” which is published monthly on vmsd.com. ************************************************************************************************************************************The next level experience design podcast is presented by VMSD magazine and Smartwork Media. It is hosted and executive produced by David Kepron. Our original music and audio production by Kano Sound. The content of this podcast is copywrite to David Kepron and NXTLVL Experience Design. Any publication or rebroadcast of the content is prohibited without the expressed written consent of David Kepron and NXTLVL Experience Design.Make sure to tune in for more NXTLVL “Dialogues on DATA: Design Architecture Technology and the Arts” wherever you find your favorite podcasts and make sure to visit vmsd.com and look for the tab for the NXTLVL Experience Design podcast there too.Show Less

This edition features stories on members of the Haqqani Network being killed or captured during an operation by Afghan and coalition forces in Paktiya province and Afghan National Police serving in Panjshir province, Afghanistan taking a class on map-reading skills and using a GPS (global positioning system). Hosted by Air Force Staff Agt. Alana Ingram reports. Includes a soundbite from Gen. Abdul Sabor – Panjshir province Afghan National Army commander.

Auf dem "Munich Satellite Navigation Summit" haben Fachleute aus aller Welt den aktuellen Stand in Sachen "Satelliten-Navigation" diskutiert. Im Fokus stand u.a. die Frage: Wie präzise arbeitet das "Global Positioning System" GPS oder Europas Gegenstück Galileo inzwischen? Und lässt sich das noch optimieren?

We all love GPS. The Global Positioning System helps us navigate across country and across town, and it also shows us where our rideshare car is, or how far away our food delivery driver is. Take a look at what space science makes it work, and why it can still provide your coordinates even if you're miles away from any phone or data signal or Wi-Fi.  Follow Cosmic Coffee Time on Twitter for some special content twitter.com/CosmicCoffTimeYou can request a topic for the show! Or even just say hi!We'd love to hear from you.Email us!cosmiccoffeetime@gmail.com

The Global Positioning System or GPS has become entrenched in our daily life. Whether we want to maneuver traffic, or find a restaurant, it has made our life easier. But did you ever wonder who owns the GPS or who runs it? Originally Navstar GPS, the Global Positioning System is a satellite-based radionavigation system owned by the US government. And the United States Space Force operates it. India has found its homegrown alternative to the GPS in the form of NavIC. The government is taking rapid steps to enhance its adoption.  What is NavIC? NavIC stands for Navigation with Indian Constellation. It is an independent navigation satellite system developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). NavIC consists of eight satellites and covers the entire India. Additionally, it covers up to 1,500 km from its boundaries. When was NavIC started? NavIC was originally approved in 2006 with a $174 million budget. It was expected to be completed by late 2011. But it only became operational in 2018.   How is NavIC used? Currently, NavIC is being used to track public vehicles in India. It is also used to send emergency warning alerts to fishermen venturing into the sea where there is no terrestrial network connectivity. Also, it is being used for tracking and providing information in case of natural disasters. Off late, the Centre is pushing smartphone companies to adopt NavIC in India. NavIC vs GPS and others GPS provides global coverage but NavIC is currently limited to India and the adjacent areas. Three more navigational systems offer global coverage like the GPS. These are Galileo from the European Union, Russia-owned GLONASS and China's Beidou. Japan's QZSS provides navigational coverage of Asia-Pacific with a special focus on Japan. Why is the government vouching for NavIC? The government is aiming to remove foreign dependence on India's navigational requirements. It is more important in the case of strategic sectors. The centre believes that relying on GPS and others like it may not be wise for India as they are operated by defence agencies of their respective countries. 

In 1714, the British Parliament approved The Longitude Prize, which offered monetary rewards to anyone who could make it possible for ships to effectively determine their longitude. The smallest prize was £10,000 - the equivalent of millions of dollars today.    The Kingdom of Great Britain was created by The Acts of Union  in 1707. Before then, one would properly refer to the English Parliament, and after to the British Parliament. This epsode crosses over that point in time between the start and the end, so the incorrect adjective may have slipped in once or twice.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1707   The Global Positioning System (GPS) might be considered a comparable sort of infrastructure, but it was created over a long enough period that associating it with a specific Turning is difficult. It also required infrastructure (namely rockets that could put satellites in orbit), and was implemented in short order once those were available. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System  

View our full collection of podcasts at our website: https://www.solgoodmedia.com or YouTube channel: https://www.solgood.org/subscribe

This week's episode is a part two of two on PNT - positioning, navigation, and timing. This is about the business opportunity of providing time as a service to critical infrastructure sectors. PNT comes from the space-based Global Positioning System, or GPS. Anything from precision farming and guided missiles, and the operational synchronization of critical infrastructures like dams and refineries depend on it. Thing is, if something goes wrong, there's no publically funded “plan B”. Laura Winter speaks with Richard Hoptroff a serial entrepreneur and inventor, who is Co-Founder and Chief Time Officer at Hoptroff, a company that provides Traceable Time as a Service (TTaaS®).

This week's episode is a part one of two on PNT - positioning, navigation, and timing. All three parts come from the space-based Global Positioning System, or GPS. Anything from precision farming and guided missiles, and the operational synchronization of critical infrastructures like dams and refineries depends on GPS. Thing is, if something goes wrong, there's no “plan B”. Laura Winter speaks with Dana Goward, a retired Coast Guard captain, who's now serving on the National Positioning, Navigation and Timing Advisory Board, and president of the Resilient Navigation and Timing Foundation.

Mit dem Smartphone tragen wir stets auch ein kleines Ortungsgerät auf uns. «Global Positioning System» heisst das Zauberwort. Mit einer entsprechenden App können wir uns den schnellsten Weg von A nach B zeigen lassen. Seit dem 2. Mai 2000 steht die GPS-Technologie allen vollumfänglich zur Verfügung.

Texto base: Juan 14;6 6 Jesús le dijo: Yo soy el camino, y la verdad, y la vida; nadie viene al Padre, sino por mí. Teológicamente creemos que Cristo es Dios. Y que Dios es igual a cada uno de sus atributos, cabe añadir que cada atributo que posee, lo posee desde una dimensión eterna e infinita. A lo que me refiero es, que Dios no sólo tiene amor, sino que es amor, Dio no solo es justicia, es justicia, Por lo tanto no es que no se sepa cual es el camino sino que el es el camino, no es que no tenga verdad el es la verdad. Reitero que Dios es igual a cada unos de sus atributos. En la ultima década el GPS se a convertido en una de las herramientas tecnológicas más útiles hoy en día. Sus siglas GPS significan (Global Positioning System) o en español Sistema de Posicionamiento Global, el cual funciona por medio de 24 satélites que están girando en 6 orbitas alrededor de la tierra las 24 horas del día, y estos satélites nos permiten por medio de un equipo que puede ser un teléfono móvil saber dónde estamos ubicados y como llegar a donde queremos ir. El mundo espiritual opera de la misma manera nosotros nacimos con un gps integrado que para que funcione necesita de un satélite en otras palabras necesita de un ser superior en este caso el Espíritu Santo.

One night, in Paris, thugs broke into the room of Peter Abelard, renowned theologian and philosopher, and beloved teacher, and castrated him.  Because Fulbert, the uncle of Heloise, was REALLY annoyed that Abelard and Heloise were keeping their marriage secret.  Which they had entered into so that Fulbert wouldn't be so upset about the affair that they had been having.  Also their son, Astrolabe, or, as Anne likes to think of him, Global Positioning System. Fulbert just had no moderation. Abelard went off to be a monk for while and then wander around, Heloise went off to run a nunnery, they both wrote lots of letters, and Astrolabe (after being raised by Abelard's sister Denise) grew up to work in at least two churches. And then later Abelard and Heloise became very famous as tragic lovers. And you can go and leave letters on their supposed grave in Paris, asking them for help with your love affairs, though really that doesn't seem like a great idea, given all that bad luck they had, and also they probably aren't there. The end.

Le « GPS », on connait ! En êtes-vous sûr ? Par abus de langage, « GPS » est le terme que l'on utilise pour définir l'ensemble des opérations de géolocalisation par satellite. En réalité, le « GPS » (pour Global Positioning System) est le système de positionnement américain. Bien d'autres existent encore : Glonass pour les russes, Beidou pour les chinois. Celui dont nous allons parler aujourd'hui est européen : la constellation Galileo. Plus d'infos sur le www.lacapsuledelespace.com

This week's EYE ON NPI knows where it's been and where its goin'! We reckon you'll love the ST Teseo-VIC3DA and Automotive GNSS Dead-Reckoning Module and Eval Kit (https://www.digikey.com/en/product-highlight/s/stmicroelectronics/teseo-vic3da-automotive-gnss-dead-reckoning-module), a technology that improves on GPS/GNSS by adding an IMU and odometer to help determine location in places where GPS signal is unable to reach such as tunnels and canyons. We've covered GPS (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System) modules before on EYE ON NPI - they're many-decades-old technology that uses a satellite constellation to calculate 3D location on Earth with ~10 meter precision. They're great for use with cars or trucks because GPS works anywhere on the planet, and when combined with digital maps can easily calculate instructions, arrival time and recommended routes. However, GPS has a few things that it can't do. Most important is it cannot work at all if there's no clear view of the sky. One needs to constantly be receiving GPS data from 3+ satellites in order to determine location. So, if you're in tunnel or in a city-made canyon (http://wikimapia.org/6909209/Canyon-of-Heroes), or if there's RF shielding or interference, you simply 'drop off' the planet. Super awkward! For those situations, some companies or technologies can take advantage of "WiFi Assisted GPS" (https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-13618-4_14) this is where a secondary base station, or WiFi signal names, can be used to help locate during low-visibility. This works particularly well in cities, of course, where there's a high density of AP names that don't change. But it's still pretty useless in a tunnel or outside a city center. There's also RTK, (https://blog.adafruit.com/2020/06/08/eye-on-npi-u-blox-c099-f9p-application-board-for-zed-f9p-gnss-rtk-module-eyeonnpi-adafruit-digikey-digikey-ublox/) which is awesome for increased precision and accuracy - but that requires a base station within a couple-hundred meters, and another transmission link on every device, so while it's used for some agricultural robotics, it's not always possible to implement (but it is worth investigating if you can control the environment where you're using GNSS.) So, finally we come to dead-reckoning techniques(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_reckoning). These work in an intuitive way: if you know where you last were and you count the number of steps and direction which you're going, then in theory you should be able to determine your exact location. Now, historically this technique has been used with boats and planes and hiking - in fact you probably learned it in scout camp. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_reckoning#/media/File:CYA_Coastal_Navigation_With_Dead_Reckoning_2.jpg) And, while in theory it should be a perfect way to determine location, the implementation makes a massive difference on how usable the end product is. A slight error in direction angle makes for more and more drift error in the final result - and as humans struggle to calculate direction, it's better than nothing but not necessarily trustworthy without having reference checkpoints on a map. For this module, ST has worked on how to make it easy as possible to implement dead reckoning into your robot, with all the fixin's. First up, you're getting multi-constellation support. So not only American GPS, but also Europe's Galileo, Russia's Glonass, Japan's QZSS, and China's BeiDou systems. So if you can't get data from one constellation, you can use another. Next up, there's an internal 6-DoF sensor that is used as a tilt-compensated compass that will determine direction precisely. (GPS modules do give 'heading' but its just based on the last few locations). Next you need to calculate 'steps' - that's done with an odometer input. That pin is connected to a simple rotation-count sensor and direction sensor that will let the chip know how many ticks have passed since the last known fix. You can also send the odometer data over NMEA commands, btw. Finally, the module can combine this in the TESEO firmware to give you a fast (30 Hz) updated location! Usually this calculation stuff is the hardest part of doing dead reckoning so its really cool to see this all in one ST makes a very snazzy EVB-VIC3DA dev kit in an aluminum box and everything, (https://www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/stmicroelectronics/EVB-VIC3DA/15276423) with ports and power supplies and LEDs so you can immediately toss it into your robot without any soldering or board layout required. The ST Dead-Reckoning GNSS modules TESEO-VIC3D (https://www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/stmicroelectronics/TESEO-VIC3DA/15276424), and EVB-VIC3DA eval boards (https://www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/stmicroelectronics/EVB-VIC3DA/15276423) are in stock right now, for immediate shipment from Digi-Key! Order today and I reckon' you'll be adding this great locating hardware to your design tomorrow afternoon.

Even during difficult times like we've been experiencing, it helps to look for the positive. In Sacramento Valley rice country – two positives are unfolding. After a difficult year where drought left 20 percent of fields unplanted, harvest of America's sushi rice is underway and early reports are favorable. Although acreage is down, initial reports on quality and yields look strong. “We're about thirty percent down from the total acreage that we can plant,” said Everett Willey, who farms with his dad Steve, at E.D. Willey & Sons in Nicolaus, Sutter County. “The growing season went alright. It was a fight to keep water on some fields. That's why we started harvest early. There was a lack of water on the bottom check of the sweet rice field we're harvesting now. We couldn't push water down to it, so that's a big reason we're harvesting this early.” A second positive is there's help on the way for the Pacific Flyway – a program should provide emergency water to support the millions of birds heading to our region's rice country to rest and refuel. “The Drought Relief Waterbird Program is focused on providing extra water from groundwater pumping to shallow flood rice and wetland acres in the Sacramento Valley for waterbirds, commented Luke Matthews, Wildlife Programs Manager with the California Rice Commission. “It's going to be particularly important this year, given the lack of habitat that we expect to see.” In a normal year, about 300,000 acres of rice fields are shallowly-flooded after harvest, which breaks down rice stubble and creates vital environmental benefits. This year, current estimates are only about 65,000 acres will be flooded. That's where the program with the State Department of Water Resources can provide substantial help for this vital part of the Sacramento Valley ecosystem. “Well certainly the current conditions truly heighten the importance of this landscape,” said Greg Golet, Applied Ecologist with The Nature Conservancy, one of the conservation groups that work with rice growers to maximize wildlife benefits from their fields. “These birds, when they arrive here, typically are ready to rest and refuel before either they continue further south or they set for their winter period in this region.  But this year, they're going to arrive in likely poorer condition, due to the lack of good habitat in their traditional stopover sites. In addition to malnourishment, they can be susceptible to disease, and that's exacerbated by crowded conditions.” With such a dry landscape, rice field habitat is an even more important for the health of millions of ducks, geese and other birds.   “It's really an incredible opportunity that we have,” Golet remarked. “There are all of these levers, effectively, that we can pull to create the conditions that these birds depend upon. We know what they want, in terms of timing, depth of the water and how long it stays out on the fields. With this system of rice agriculture and associated infrastructure, it's really very straightforward to create those conditions and then we see virtually an immediate response. The trick, of course, is getting adequate water to create that for the birds.” The wildlife migration has begun. Shorebirds and ducks have already started to arrive. We will keep you updated on harvest and the amazing annual wildlife migration about to unfold. Episode Transcript Jim Morris: COVID, fires, and drought. This year has been a rough one throughout our state. It helps to look for the positive where you can. And for me, what I'm looking at is a positive, the rice harvest in the Sacramento Valley. It's a momentary respite from the unrelenting news cycle, and it appears there's good news as well for the millions of birds that depend on the rice fields every fall and winter in this area. Jim Morris: Welcome to Ingrained, the California rice podcast. I'm your host, Jim Morris, proud to have worked with California farmers and ranchers for 31 years. And it's funny how life can go full circle. Before, I was in ag communications. Ten years before, I was in the marching band at John F. Kennedy High School in south Sacramento, playing trombone alongside of Steve Willey. And this morning, I'm with Everett Willey, Steve's son, at ED Willey & Sons in Nicolaus, in Sutter County. And Everett and Steve have started harvest. So Everett, how have things gone with rice harvest to date? Everett Willey: Pretty good so far. It's a lot of downed rice right now, just because of the nature of the beast. So we're trying to get it out of the field while everything else continues to ripen up. Jim Morris: What varieties have you harvested so far? Everett Willey: Right now, just Calmochi-101, which is a sweet rice, short grain, made for mochi balls, mochi ice cream. That's what that rice goes into, a lot of flour, rice flour. Jim Morris: Yeah. And if anybody hasn't tried mochi, I suggest you go to Mikuni. And the mochi they have there wrapped around ice cream is phenomenal. It's well worth trying that out. So tell me a little bit about this year. It's been challenging in many fronts in California. So what did you see with the rice? You started off with not being able to plant everything. So talk a little bit about that, and then also the growing season. Everett Willey: Yeah. We're about 30% down from our total acreage that we can plant. So there's quite a few hundred acres that's just dirt right now because of lack of water. Growing season went all right because, I mean, it was a fight to try to keep water on some fields. And that's part of the reason why we're actually harvesting right now is because the field that we're in, there was a lack of water in the bottom check because we just couldn't, we couldn't push the water down to it. So I think that has a big part in why we're actually harvesting right now. Jim Morris: And it was very smoky throughout Northern California, in fact, still is. What impact did the smoke have on the rice, if any? Everett Willey: The smoke this year wasn't as bad as last year timing-wise. Last year, it hit really heavy right when the rice was all flowering and I think that actually killed yields. The smoke this year, it came a little later. So a lot of the rice was already flowered. It'll slow down the ripening process probably a little bit because it'll keep the temperatures a little cooler. And we're definitely not getting any of the north wind, that's really what helps dry out and ripen the rice for harvest. Jim Morris: In terms of the smoke, fortunately, rice has an external hull on it. So there's not going to be a damage to the kernel, but the lack of sunlight did slow some of the maturity down in parts of the valley. Also, to your point about not planning a full crop, we have about 100,000 acres less rice grown this year in the state because of the drought. So certainly, impacts have been felt there. So the rice harvest is interesting when you compare to other crops. Other crops are sometimes harvested late at night, early in the morning. Rice, not so much. So when do you start harvest and why do you start it at that time of day? Everett Willey: In the morning, our operation, we clean off all the machines, all the harvesters, we blow it all, all the chaff and stuff off, really looking for problems with the harvester, and that way we can try to fix it. But we won't start actually cutting rice until the dew is lifted because any excess moisture that you're pulling through the machine makes the machine work harder. And then it can end up in the trailer to have a higher moisture and you don't want that because that could affect your drying cost. It could make it more expensive. Jim Morris: What is the moisture range that you're looking for when you harvest the rice? Everett Willey: Kernel moisture percentage would be like... 18-22 is a good quality to cost ratio. If you cut a little higher, so like if you're cutting 22 to 26%, you might get a little bit better quality, but the cost for drying also increases. So that 18-22% range is pretty much where you want to be. Jim Morris: And how important is the high-tech machinery that you have? Everett Willey: Having good equipment is extremely important. Compared to 10, 15 years ago, before GPS was really incorporated into these machines, it was not as efficient. Everything was smaller. You had to go slower. So when the rice was ready to come out of the field, you had to plan for it a lot more. Now, you can react and go. It saves a lot of money in the end. Jim Morris: And the GPS, Global Positioning System, is important in other aspects of the growing season too. So how else is GPS technology helping rice farming? Everett Willey: It's a big fuel saver because you're not... It knows exactly where your implement is going and has been. So if you have something that's 24-feet wide and you want to have a three-inch overlap, it'll do that for you. Whereas without it, you're going back and forth, so you have no overlap to a foot overlap. So having that consistent tillage is where you can really save some money, and it makes everything more uniform, which will make a more consistent yield. Jim Morris: Other high-tech aspects include planting, which is done by airplanes, which are guided by GPS. So it's very high tech here in California, rice country. And it's water efficient as well. Water is a concern after harvest. There will be a shallow amount of water put out there, but it's very limited this year because of the drought. I've seen a lot of wildlife on your farm. What thoughts and concerns do you have about the months ahead and rice fields helping the Pacific Flyway, but with a very limited water supply? Everett Willey: I think with the reduction in acres planted, a lot of farmers won't do a decomposition flood. Because on a fallow field, you'd be just putting water on dirt, which isn't benefiting either wildlife or the farmer. So the reason that we flood in the winter is to decompose the straw that is left over after you harvest it. So when we're done harvesting, we'll come in, we'll usually chop up the straw into smaller pieces to create more surface area, and then we'll till that ground up just a little bit to help add some air into the soil, and then we'll put a couple inches of water on it and hold that. And it'll decompose the straw, but it also provides a plethora of food and habitat for mostly waterfowl. I mean, we'll get all kinds of other stuff out here too. I mean, you got skunks, and raccoons, and coyotes, and all other kinds of things. It's a circle of life out here. Jim Morris: I've seen minks as well out here. And talk about some of the birds that you've seen too, lot of birds of prey, and not only numbers, but a wide variety of species. Everett Willey: We'll get bald eagles out here. The mink are actually pretty... They're cool. You see one of them run across and you're like, "Oh, that was a mink. I haven't seen one of those in a while." All the different varieties of geese, we'll get all the varieties of ducks. It was pretty cool. In one of our ditch systems, I actually saw a mandarin duck, which is super rare to see here, super, super rare. It looks like a wood duck, but cooler. Jim Morris: At the moment, there's not a lot of water on the landscape, and the needs for wildlife will be great later in the fall and winter. I'm speaking with Luke Matthews, Wildlife Programs Manager with the California Rice Commission. fortunately, there's a new program the Rice Commission is carrying out with the state Department of Water Resources that should help. Luke, tell us about the program. Luke Matthews: The Drought Relief Waterbird Program is focused on providing extra water through groundwater pumping to flood rice acres and wetland acres in the Sacramento Valley for waterbirds. And it's going to be particularly important this year, given the lack of habitat that we expect to see. Jim Morris: How much of a shortfall going into this program are we expecting in terms of the amount of shallow flooded acres in the Sacramento Valley? Luke Matthews: In a typical year, there's about 300,000 acres of flooded rice lands in the winter. And that provides an amazing source of food and habitat for ducks, geese, shorebirds, and more. This year, we expect, if conditions don't change, to maybe see about 60,000 acres flooded. So a very, very significant decline in flooded habitat. Jim Morris: And I imagine there's careful consideration when it comes to groundwater use. Luke Matthews: Absolutely. Yeah. We're being very sensitive to areas that may be experiencing depletions or issues with groundwater wells going dry. We also have considerations for proximity to rivers and streams, things like that. So we're considering all the options, but really focusing on providing the habitat for the resource of concern right now. Jim Morris: The Pacific Flyway is amazing, 7-10 million ducks and geese, many other birds coming through. It is really a jewel for the Sacramento Valley, important for our environment and something so many people enjoy. And how much is this water needed? Because I believe the birds are already stressed, correct? Luke Matthews: The water is really needed more this year because of a significant drought throughout the west. The Great Salt Lake is drier than it's ever been in recorded history, it's very dry up in Oregon, and Klamath as well is almost dry. So these key areas that migrating birds in the Pacific Flyway typically utilize are dry or drying out. So they're in a worst-body condition when they arrive here and they're going to need the water even more than normal. Jim Morris: As we've heard from Luke Matthews, the drought is a significant concern for the millions of birds that are heading our way for the fall and winter months. I'm speaking with Greg Golet, an applied ecologist with the Nature Conservancy, good friends of rice growers and the California Rice Commission. And Greg, as you look at the stresses that the birds have already had as they're heading our way, how much more important is the Sacramento Valley to provide food and a resting place? Greg Golet: Well, certainly, the current conditions truly heighten the importance of this landscape. These birds, when they arrive here, typically are ready to rest and refuel before either they continue further south or they set up for their winter period in this region. But this year, they're going to arrive in likely much poorer condition due to the lack of good habitat in their traditional stop oversights. Jim Morris: What concerns do you have for the wildlife? Disease and even death are possibilities unfortunately? Greg Golet: Yeah, that's definitely the case. In addition to malnourishment, they can be susceptible to disease. A lot of that's exacerbated by crowded conditions. So you get transfer of the disease through the aerosol when the birds are taking off and landing. And when they're in tight quarters and you have those high temperatures, it's just that much worse. Jim Morris: Let's talk about something optimistic. There is a program in place that's being unveiled that hopefully we'll get more water on the landscape. And we've talked about this recently, that rice fields are surrogate wetlands. And so does that give you optimism or some degree of optimism that we're going to get through this fall and winter in reasonable shape for the wildlife? Greg Golet: Yeah, it definitely does. It's really an incredible opportunity that we have. There are all these levers effectively that we can pull to create the conditions that these birds depend upon. And we know what they want in terms of the timing, in terms of the depth of the water, in terms of how long it stays out on the fields. And with this system of rice agriculture in the associated infrastructure, it's really very straightforward to just create those conditions, and then we see virtually an immediate response. The trick of course, is getting adequate water to create that for the birds. Jim Morris: I have to tell you, after a year like this, I cannot wait to see the birds. And I've been talking with the rice growers. They're keeping an eye out because it is such a joy for me to see it. What does that mean to you, when you see that wildlife come in to the Sacramento Valley every fall and winter? Greg Golet: It's extremely uplifting to see these species drop into our valley. And that's already happening for the shorebirds whose migration is earlier than for the waterfowl typically. But for me, it provides confirmation that the network of habitats that these migratory species have evolved to depend upon that stretch from the Arctic all the way to South America are still functioning at least in some way. Because they're depending upon that. It's if you take out a link in that chain, the whole system can break down. So when they show up, I have that affirmation that, "Hey, we still have this incredible natural phenomenon in place." And it's just so rewarding and personally gratifying to be part of making that possible. Jim Morris: As the migration intensifies and this innovative program takes shape, we will keep you updated on the progress. Thank you to our interviewees, Everett Willey, Luke Matthews, and Greg Golet. You can find out more @podcast.calrice.org. Please listen, subscribe, and comment. Thanks for listening.

Dr Gladys West is a pioneer in the use of complex mathematics and efficient programming to generate accurate, repeatable and global models of the Earth's geoid that were eventually incorporated into the mapping functions of the Global Positioning System (GPS). This work required her to process early satellite data and use complex algorithms to account for variations in gravitational, tidal, and other forces that distort Earth's shape. In this episode of Create the Future, we speak with Dr West about the methods she employed to calculate an accurate geodetic earth model using a room-sized computer. We discuss her early career, hear what it meant to be awarded the Royal Academy of Engineering's Prince Philip Medal in 2021, touch on her continued passion for education, and ask whether she uses GPS today. To hear more about the engineering behind the Global Positioning System, check out our https://anchor.fm/qeprize/episodes/The-Origins-of-GPS-e9kjd4/a-a16mefr (episode with the winners of the 2019 Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering.) New episodes of ‘Create the Future: An Engineering Podcast' every other Tuesday. http://www.qeprize.org/podcasts (www.qeprize.org/podcasts) Follow @qeprize on https://twitter.com/QEPrize (Twitter), https://www.instagram.com/qeprize (Instagram), and https://www.facebook.com/qeprize/ (Facebook)

For the year that gave us dial-up internet, Global Positioning System satellites, and "Seinfeld", 1989 gave us an equally legendary year in Thrash (and that's including Metallica's absurd Grammy "loss" to Jethro Tull. Insert retroactively-effective kancel-kulture tantrum-sigh here.)   JOIN US and behold the painstaking craftsmanship and delicately balanced relaxer levels required to manifest such a totally subjective, potentially speculative, and muchly suspective lysticle as METAL NERDERY PODCAST'S TOP 10 THRASH ALBUMS OF 1989.     Visit www.metalnerdery.com/podcast for more on this episode   Leave us a Voicemail to be played on a future episode: 980-666-8182 Metal Nerdery Tees and Hoodies – metalnerdery.com/merch and kindly leave us a review and/or rating on the iTunes/Apple Podcasts - Spotify or your favorite Podcast app Listen on iTunes, Spotify, Podbean, Google Play or wherever you get your Podcasts. Follow us on the Socials: Facebook - Instagram - Twitter   Email: metalnerdery@gmail.com   Show Notes: (00:00) - #antirelaxers #waitforit #welcomeback to Bunker Poon Inversion Studios / 1989 and a tremendous attempt to not reference a certain particular album #theunnamedalbum / #wecrammed Metal Nerdery's Top 10 Thrash Albums for 1989 (#bolth individually and grouply) #moist and the process of discovering new thrash back in the day (#observeandreport) and potentially very similar Top 5's #damnnear   (07:42) - Starting with Number 10: #Ministry- The Mind is a Terrible Thing to Taste (#waitwhat and a moment of #RigorMortis #tangentionalality) #deprechedmode SO WHAT? #notreallythrash #grift Albert Hofmann's favorite #relaxer and the Vowels for Bowels movement / THEIVES and raising the bar on extremeness in Metal #theirony #kricketsplease   (15:06) - A note of explanation and a method to the rating madness / Set the Metal Nerdery Time Tunnel to 1989... #NuclearAssault - Handle with Care CRITICAL MASS / #Overkill - The #YOD (Years of Decay. . .***check out our #YOD #albumdive***) #moist and #clarification regarding #tonebone #mynewmemoir / #Sabbat (check out our #albumdive for Dreamweaver) conflicts and matches across the lysticles / Number 9 - #KingDiamond - Conspiracy (SLEEPLESS NIGHTS) #isitthrash #isitpowermetal or #isitbolth? #genre #fuckthat #blessed   (28:55) - #D.R.I. #DirtyRottenImbeciles BENEATH THE WHEEL (from Thrash Zone) and things that make Russell irritated #skatethrash #screwyouguys Number 8 - #WrathchildAmerica - Climbin' The Walls (CLIMBING THE WALLS) and some #WrathSAZ #trivia / ***check out Episode 13 (metal covers) ***BUY OUR SHIT at www.metalnerdery.com/merch and send #gumfunds for #tridentvibes #sixtynineday #ouchie   (36:07) - a personal testimonial and compliment from a listener #imsorry #dontlisten and also #thankyou (That's all you had to say...) / a moment of #tangentionalalityismness and something new and #spontaneous that should be viewed as #oddly and #insanely #entertaining Number 7 #Sabbat -Dreamweaver (Reflections of Our Yesterdays) THE CLERICAL CONSPIRACY #ballsout and a #thickpresence ***check out our Dreamweaver #albumdive and #timetravel back to 1989!!! #episodefiftyseven / Number 6 #manifestation #moist #Sodom AGENT ORANGE #gofast   (50:05) - Number 5 #Kreator - Extreme Aggression #isntitobvious EXTREME AGGRESSION and #badassery and also wishing you'd written a particularly killer riff and/or song / "We'll have a hole..." / #Overkill - #YOD Years of Decay (***Go check out the YOD Dive!!!***) I HATE #frostalert #frostwarning / The List Thus Far: 10 through 4 / Time for the TOP 3 and something that was found on the internet regarding #buttholesunshine / #Exodus - Fabulous Disaster #thetitletrack also check out our Very recent #albumdive FABULOUS DISASTER #noteven #grabitandputitin   (1:05:35) - Number Dos: the perfect amount of "1989-ness": #Testament Practice What You Preach vs #Sepultura Beneath The Remains #thetitletrack BENEATH THE REMAINS #bisforbumbum #readthoselyrics (***check out our BTR Dive!!!***) #moshpart and the #Alex Hmmm of #Discernment and a review of the list leading up to THE NUMBER ONE ALBUM FOR 1989!!!   (1:13:52) - #Testament Practice What You Preach and a very gently worded question (Russell NAILED it!!) #theunnamedalbum #TBA vs their #AJFA #grower PRACTICE WHAT YOU PREACH #ballfields rest upon #afieldofballs and comparisons between the vocal stylings of Mr. Hetfield and Mr. Billy ENVY LIFE (can you feel the #deathmetal component?) / Some honorable mentions that didn't make the list...***CALL METAL NERDERY ON THE PHONE-MAIL-VOICE-THINGY AT 980-666-8182!!!*** #asmr #onemessageASMR / Update on the #timemachinerelaxer #development (coming soonly to our merch page) / check out our #softoutro  

GPS, or the Global Positioning System, is now ubiquitous as a way for us to pinpoint our location anywhere in the world, plot that location on a reference, often a map, and know where we are. Did you know, however, that even some advanced GPS systems can only deliver an accuracy of about 25 cm. This level of precision, while sufficient for you and I, just does not cut it for a vehicle equipped with advanced driver assistance and autonomous driving features.Precise location data is absolutely essential for ADAS and AD functionality. Cameras, radars, LIDARs and other sensors can help the car ‘see' its environment, but for the vehicle to make sense of the input from these sensors, it needs a reliable, effective way of plotting this world on a reference map.I learned from my guest on the latest episode of the AI in Automotive Podcast that GPS has a number of limitations when it comes to ADAS and AD applications. In this episode, I am joined by Joel Gibson, Executive Vice President of Automotive at Swift Navigation. Formerly, Joel was the Vice President of ADAS, Business Development and Strategy at Magna Electronics, where he started the camera product line and grew that business to be the largest camera automotive tier-1 supplier globally. Joel has 15 patents and holds a BS in Systems Engineering from Oakland University.Joel, in his distinct style, lays out the basics of mainstream location systems, their limitations, and how these are compensated. We then go on a whistle stop tour of Swift Navigation's technology stack, and how it is making ADAS and AD applications possible with its high-precision positioning service.This episode of the AI in Automotive podcast is slightly different from our usual episodes featuring interesting applications of AI in the automotive and mobility industries. In this episode, we are going a bit further up the data chain and exploring an interesting way in which high-quality data is made available to an AI algorithm.If you find this episode interesting, do share it with your friends and colleagues and rate our podcast wherever you listen to it.http://ai-in-automotive.com/aiia/112/joelgibson

Following the OPM rehiring pay grade regulation Jeff Pon, former director of the Office of Personnel Management, discusses the new rule from OPM detailing processes agencies can follow for rehiring employees at higher grades Closing the racial wealth gap through small business contracting Liza V. Craig, Esq., counsel at Reed Smith LLP, talks about what agencies and companies can do to reach the Biden administration's goal of doubling contracts for small and disadvantaged businesses The latest on GPS and alternative technologies at DHS Richard Mason, senior engineer at the RAND Corporation, provides an overview of a study assessing costs associated with threats to Global Positioning System technology

God's Global Positioning System - John 14:1-6

Working with boy scouts to find what is hidden beneath this spacious state part on the south shore... "In 1941, the U.S. Navy acquired from private landowners all of the property in order to expand the already existing Hingham Naval Ammunitions Depot. This area was known as the Cohasset Annex. Many cement bunkers were constructed and the area became a huge ammunitions storage depot. During World War II the Depot was the main ammunition supply for the North Atlantic naval forces. When World War II ended, this area reverted to maintenance status only. It was reactivated for the Korean conflict and once again went into full military operation. Explosives such as TNT loaded depth charges, bombs, fuses, projectiles, and cartridges were produced and stored along with the assembly of rocket motors." (friendsofwompatuck.org) Chief Wompatuck By Rick Durham Wompatuck State Park (mass.gov) Trail Map (mass.gov) Geographic Coordinate System (arcgis.com) Geocaching (geocaching.com) Nike Missile Site BO-38 Hingham (themilitarystandard.com) The Global Positioning System (gps.gov) A Brief History of GPS (aerospace.org) N 42° 11' 47.4763", W 70° 50' 42.9422" instagram.com/lostmassachusetts Sound Effects From Zapsplat (zapsplat.com) Music Courtesy of Free Music Archive (freemusicarchive.org) NASA Audio Archives (nasa.gov) --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/lostmass/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/lostmass/support

In today's Federal Newscast, a new Government Accountability Office report finds that the Defense Department is relying too much on GPS.

The global positioning system on which so much of modern life depends faces two basic threats. One, it's easy to spoof, placing things at locations other than where they actually are. Second, it's vulnerable to interruption, say, if another nation wanted to make mischief with GPS satellites. My next guest says it's time to fund a plan already in place for the Transportation Department. She's a former deputy assistant secretary of DOT, now teaching economics at George Washington University, Diana Furchtgott-Roth.

In the Blind Abilities Studio, we welcome Jagadish K. Mahendran, Artificial Intelligence Developer and Engineer,and Hema Chamraj, director, Technology Advocacy and AI4Good at Intel Raqi joins Jeff in the studio to learn and find out more about this great initiative that may one day enhance the  navigating experience while Blind. From the Intel Press Release: Intel just announced a research project involving an AI-powered backpack that can help the visually impaired navigate and perceive the world around them with voice commands. Artificial intelligence (AI) developer Jagadish K. Mahendran and his team designed an AI-powered, voice-activated backpack that can help the visually impaired navigate and perceive the world around them. The backpack helps detect common challenges such as traffic signs, hanging obstacles, crosswalks, moving objects and changing elevations, all while running on a low-power, interactive device. “Last year when I met up with a visually impaired friend, I was struck by the irony that while I have been teaching robots to see, there are many people who cannot see and need help. This motivated me to build the visual assistance system with OpenCV’s Artificial Intelligence Kit with Depth (OAK-D), powered by Intel.” – Jagadish K. Mahendran, Artificial Intelligence Engineer The World Health Organization estimates that globally, 285 million people are visually impaired. Meanwhile, visual assistance systems for navigation are fairly limited and range from Global Positioning System-based, voice-assisted smartphone apps to camera-enabled smart walking stick solutions. These systems lack the depth perception necessary to facilitate independent navigation. “It’s incredible to see a developer take Intel’s AI technology for the edge and quickly build a solution to make their friend’s life easier,” said Hema Chamraj, director,  Technology Advocacy and AI4Good at Intel. “The technology exists; we are only limited by the imagination of the developer community.” The system is housed inside a small backpack containing a host computing unit, such as a laptop. A vest jacket conceals a camera, and a fanny pack is used to hold a pocket-size battery pack capable of providing approximately eight hours of use. A Luxonis OAK-D spatial AI camera can be affixed to either the vest or fanny pack, then connected to the computing unit in the backpack. Three tiny holes in the vest provide viewports for the OAK-D, which is attached to the inside of the vest. The OAK-D unit is a versatile and powerful AI device that runs on Intel Movidius VPU and the Intel® Distribution of OpenVINO™ toolkit for on-chip edge AI inferencing. It is capable of running advanced neural networks while providing accelerated computer vision functions and a real-time depth map from its stereo pair, as well as color information from a single 4k camera. A Bluetooth-enabled earphone lets the user interact with the system via voice queries and commands, and the system responds with verbal information. As the user moves through their environment, the system audibly conveys information about common obstacles including signs, tree branches and pedestrians. It also warns of upcoming crosswalks, curbs, staircases and entryways. More Context: A Vision System for the Visually Impaired (Case Study) | Intel OpenVINO Toolkit | Artificial Intelligence at Intel | MIRA Contact Your State Services If you reside in Minnesota, and you would like to know more about Transition Services from State Services contact Transition Coordinator Sheila Koenig by email or contact her via phone at 651-539-2361. Contact: You can follow us on Twitter @BlindAbilities On the web at www.BlindAbilities.com Send us an email Get the Free Blind Abilities App on the App Storeand Google Play Store. Check out the Blind Abilities Communityon Facebook, the Blind Abilities Page, and the Career Resources for the Blind and Visually Impaired group

Interviews in this edition: 1. Amy F Bailes, PT PhD, Physical Therapist, Division of Occupational Therapy & Physical Therapy, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. “Describing the Delivery of Evidence-based Physical Therapy Intervention to Individuals with Cerebral Palsy”. Analysis of a large dataset of real-world experience from physical therapy sessions among children with cerebral palsy to examine variation by age, Gross Motor Function Classification System, race, and insurance type. Most frequently delivered were: Caregiver education, motor control, functional strengthening, ankle-foot orthoses, treadmill training, and fit of adaptive equipment. 2. Julia Looper PT PHD, School of Physical Therapy, University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, Washington, USA “Current Trends in Pediatric Physical Therapy Practice for Children with Down Syndrome” A survey from 1,000 American pediatric physical therapists examined the breadth of physical therapy practice for children with Down syndrome, concluding that clinicians managed these children for a wide variety of needs with a range of interventions. 3. Rebekah L. Johnson, PT DPT, Pediatric Physical Therapist, Mealtime Connections, Tucson, AZ, USA Current Trends in Pediatric Physical Therapy Practice for Children with Down Syndrome This survey examines the breadth of physical therapy practice for children with Down syndrome. Rebekah Johnson, first author, agreed that the diversity of practice among American physical therapists who managed children with Down Syndrome had been a key finding and that clinicians reading the report could learn from their findings. But there had been an ongoing need to match the evidence-base to current practice. 4. Marybeth Barkocy PT, DPT, PCS, Physical Therapy Division, Associate Professor, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA. The Effectiveness of Serial Casting and Ankle Foot Orthoses in Treating Toe Walking in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder “This proof-of-concept study examined the effectiveness of serial casting and ankle foot orthoses in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder who toe walk.” 5. Cheryl I. Kerfeld PT, MS, PhD, Special Education Department, Seattle Public Schools, Seattle, Washington, USA Physical Activity Measurement in Children Who Use Mobility Assistive Devices: Accelerometry and Global Positioning System A study of the usefulness of combining accelerometry, global positioning system, and geographic information systems, to describe the time spent in different locations and physical activity duration and level by location for four children with cerebral palsy who use assistive devices. 6. Caroline Martinsson MSc, Habilitation & Health, Children and youth habilitation Borås, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden Abducted Standing in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Effects on Hip Development After 7 Years This study looked at the effects of abducted standing on hip migration. Both the percentage and range of hip and knee motion in children with cerebral palsy were studied for more than seven years in two case-control groups. 7. Laura Graber PT DPT, College of Public Health and Health Professions, Gainesville, Florida, USA Upper Extremity Strengthening for an Individual with Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report “The purpose of this case is to describe an exercise program designed for an individual with athetoid cerebral palsy who had difficulties with fine motor control and shoulder girdle stability.” “A progressive exercise program aimed at improving proximal stability and fine motor function might be an appropriate intervention for persons with athetoid cerebral palsy”

Right now, the most important geopolitical competition since World War II, is unfolding between China and the United States. As a result, we need to start to ask Where Does Our Stuff Come From? Asking this question and building an understanding of this great power competition is essential to safeguarding our most important innovation resource: our ability to actually produce stuff. In this episode, we explore some of the high-level strategic moves that are unfolding right under our noses in the ongoing cold-war between the United States and China, and the implications that these moves have for entrepreneurs, industrialists, and innovators. To do this, we talk to Namrata Goswami, an author, strategic analyst and consultant on Great Power Politics, Space Policy, Alternate Futures, and Frameworks of Conflict Negotiation and Resolution. ***Correction: During the conversation, we reference that private companies need to PAY to access the United States's Global Positioning System. So, to be clear: GPS is completely free and maintained by the US space force (and formerly the Air Force Space Command). You can learn more about how GPS works on www.gps.gov.*** Resources & Links Mentioned Namrata On “Where are we with China?” Namrata Goswami Ted Starlink Beta Video BeiDou and Belt and Road US - Taiwan Relations The Expanse TV Show A Strategy of Technology (Book) Moonrush (Book) The Case For Mars (Book) About Our Guest Namrata on LinkedIn, here. Namrata on Twitter, here. Namrata's books on Amazon, here. Subscribe for More We are seeing an unprecedented wave of innovation resources that are empowering innovators, entrepreneurs, and industrialists, to build & create with (1) higher fidelity, (2) lower cost, and (3) greater speed than ever before. A key piece of this innovation puzzle is learning to ask Where Our Stuff Comes From. Through the Next Frontier podcast and blog series, I explore precisely where to find these resources and how YOU can efficiently and effectively utilize each resource to execute on your vision. If you'd like to stay up-to-date with these tactical and strategic insights, subscribe here.

Today’s co-host is Air Force Veteran Michael Minor here to discuss an organization within Garmin called GPS VETS. Let’s first Start with what is GPS? Its known as Global Positioning System and it’s a satellite-based navigation system made up of at least 24 satellites. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day, with no subscription fees or setup charges. The U.S. Department of Defense originally put the satellites into orbit for military use, but they were made available for civilian use in the late 1980s. This opened a whole new industry that has become part of our everyday lives. A company that started during this time was Garmin. Today they are one of the biggest GPS companies in the world. I reached out to them about talking about their movement because of the support I received from the company when I broke my watch on my journey. When I got to Lander, WY, Garmin upgraded my broken watch at no cost to me which did more than just track my miles. When I was hit in Arizona that watch detected the accident and sent a message to my mom and sister. They knew where I was before I was able to tell them. Those safety features have been used all over the world. Over the past 20+ years, GPS technology has led to a spread of commercial applications across industries and sectors, including agriculture, construction, transportation, aerospace, marine and especially with the creation of portable devices that impact our everyday life. In addition to creating new efficiencies and reducing operating costs. The adoption of GPS technology has improved safety, emergency response times and environmental quality. GPS giants like Garmin are building various communities within their organization like GPS VETS to make stronger communities that can impact the lives of many. I didn't expect that GPS VETS doesn’t stand for global positioning system, but something even greater. Listen how Mike and his team are making differences within the veteran community inside Garmin and beyond. Its time to get locked in! See the latest Garmin gadgets: https://www.garmin.com Job opportunities: https://careers-us.garmin.com/us/en/ Social Media https://www.facebook.com/Garmin https://instagram.com/garmin/ https://www.youtube.com/garmin https://twitter.com/garmin ______________________________________________________________________________ Try Athletic Brewing, Brew without Compromise! Use RWD20 to receive 20% OFF your first order! Follow Dan’s journey at Ridewithdanusa.com Support Suicide Awareness and Dan’s Cause at Opaatmovement.com HOV©2021

The Global Positioning System time epoch is ending and another one is beginning, an event that could affect your devices or any equipment or legacy system that relies on GPS for time and location. Most clocks obtain their time from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). But the atomic clocks on satellites are set to GPS time.The timing signals you can get from GPS satellites are very accurate and globally available.

This week we talk about Sputnik 1, satellite triangulation, and the Guugu Yimithirr.We also discuss the GLONASS, BeiDou, and Galileo constellations. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit letsknowthings.substack.com/subscribe

Recorded 8th December 2018 This week a slightly different show as I am deeply privileged to have as my special guest David Acklam, not a name you may know, but he was part of the development team for the Global Positioning System. Something that we now take forgranted but as one of the team described it a technology that went “from obscurity to ubiquity” and started out at what became known as “The Lonely Halls Meeting” which sounds more like a Peter Jackson fantasy epic than a world changing technology meeting! You can watch the documentary featuring David and many more of the team and telling the story of GPS on Amazon Prime here GIVEAWAYS Skylum has gifted us 5x of Luminar 2019 and Aurora 2019 to give away! Send an email to essentialapple@sudomail.com mentioning Luminar or Aurora and the phrase I give in the show to enter. PLUS Listeners of this show can claim $10 off purchases of Luminar and/or Aurora HDR 2019 with discount code EssentialApple (If you buy Luminar 2018 you'll get all the 2019 updates for free. Learn more.) Also we have a two Licenses for BeLight Live Home 3D to give away... 1x iOS and 1x Mac. Email the show on essentialapple@sudomail.com mentioning Live Home 3D and the phrase I give out in the show. Winners for both will be announced on the Christmas Party Podcast which is recording on the 23rd December. Why not come and join the Slack community? You can now just click on this Slackroom Link to sign up and join in the chatter! We can now also be found on Spotify, Soundcloud and even YouTube. Essential Apple Recommended Services: 33mail.com – Never give out your real email address online again. Sudo – Get up to 9 “avatars” with email addresses, phone numbers and more to mask your online identity. Free for the first year and priced from $0.99 US / £2.50 UK per month thereafter... ProtonMail – End to end encrypted, open source, based in Switzerland. Prices start from FREE... what more can you ask? ProtonVPN – a VPN to go with it perhaps? Prices also starting from nothing! Fake Name Generator – So much more than names! Create whole identities (for free) with all the information you could ever need. Wire – Free for personal use, open source and end to end encryted messenger and VoIP. Pinecast – a fabulous podcast hosting service with costs that start from nothing. Everyone should have a font manager... I really do believe that. So I highly recommend FontBase — All platforms. Professional features. Beautiful UI. Totally free. FontBase is the font manager of the new generation, built by designers, for designers. Essential Apple is not affiliated with or paid to promote any of these services... We recommend services that we use ourselves and feel are either unique or outstanding in their field, or in some cases are just the best value for money in our opinion. On this week's show: DAVID ACKLAM Retired Professional Engineer (PE inactive) BSEE, MS, University of Arizona Career Air Force Officer, retired (1966 -1987) Systems integration and test engineer with Texas Instruments Defense Group and Raytheon Missile Systems, retired (1987 - 2002) Part of the development program for Global Positioning System Documentary available on Amazon Prime Community outreach volunteer since retirement in 2003 Member, University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory Director's Advisory board 2006 to present. Chairman of the UA Lunar and Planetary Laboratory Kuiper Circle Community Outreach committee OSIRIS-REx Ambassador OSIRIS-REx on NASA Friend and Docent at the Planetary Science Institute Member of the Tucson Mac User Group Tucson MUG on Facebook Staff reviewer with MyMac.com (http://mymac.com/) APPLE Apple released a clear case for the iPhone Xr – 9to5 Mac Apple released watchOS 5.1.2 with the ECG function for Apple Watch 4... Apple Watch user discovers A-fib heart issue with new ECG app – 9to5 Mac TECHNOLOGY Corning is building impossibly thin, flexible Gorilla Glass for foldable phones – BGR 50 years ago, Douglas Engelbart's ‘Mother of All Demos' changed personal technology forever – Mashable JUST A SNIPPET For things that are not worth more than a flypast Ask Siri “Why are fire trucks red?” for a fun answer WORTH-A-CHIRP / ESSENTIAL TIPS Faraday Bags for your kit MOSISO Keyboard Cover for Macbook Pro £6 UK or $7 US Non Plastic Beach offers alternatives to single use & disposable plastics to help you turn the tide on plastic waste, one sustainable product at a time. Force Apple's iOS apps to use Dropbox or any other storage – Cult of Mac Apple's iOS apps can store their files anywhere. You just have to know how to tell them. Ghostery Nemo's Hardware Store (49:53) Bonx Grip earpiece - $139 US each or $260 US for twin packs Social Media and Slack You can follow us on: Twitter / Slack / EssentialApple.com / Spotify / Soundcloud / YouTube / Facebook / Pinecast Also a big SHOUT OUT to the members of the Slack room without whom we wouldn't have half the stories we actually do – we thank you all for your contributions and engagement. You can always help us out with a few pennies by using our Amazon Affiliate Link so we get a tiny kickback on anything you buy after using it. If you really like the show that much and would like to make a regular donation then please consider joining our Patreon or using the Pinecast Tips Jar (which accepts one off or regular donations) And a HUGE thank you to the patrons who already do. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

Yes, sometimes guilt pops up like an unwanted holiday visitor, but I'm done with guilt being my Global Positioning System, taking me to all the wrong places.

We all rely on GPS – the Global Positioning System network of satellites – whether we want to or not. From shipping to taxis to mobile phones, the goods we consume and the technology with which we run our lives depend upon a low-power, weak and vulnerable signal beamed from a few tonnes of electronics orbiting above our heads. This dependence is a new Achilles' heel for the world's financial, commercial and military establishments. From North Korea's concerted disruption of South Korea's maritime and airborne fleet, to white van drivers evading the boss's scrutiny over lunch, this signal is easy to jam - with disastrous consequences. Quentin Cooper meets the scientists and engineers developing alternative, resilient navigation systems.(Image: Captain David Millar, Senior Master, on the bridge of P&O Ferries' MS Spirit of Britain. BBC copyright)