Podcasts about ndma

DARRA MÅNDE NITROSAMINERNA. Vi har doktor Magnus Hillman i podden och nu nördas det loss på allvar. Nitrosaminer, anaeroba förhållanden för mer sprit, estrar, maillardreaktion och … en irländsk whiskey på det. Era poddare bugar i nördvördnad. Vad var det i glaset? Magnus Hillman njöt av en Yellow Spot, irländsk single pot still från Midleton: https://midletondistillerycollection.com/spot-whiskeys/yellow-spot-product/ Jeroen hade Jameson single pot still: https://www.systembolaget.se/produkt/sprit/irish-distillers-53401/ David hade SMWS 48.160, ”Ode to the worm tub”, en Balmenach: https://www.whiskybase.com/whiskies/whisky/233006 Länkar från Magnus Hillman! Anaeroba förhållanden skapar etanol Reid, S., Speers, A., Lumsden, W., Willoughby, N., & Maskell, D. (2024). The influence of yeast format and pitching rate on Scotch malt whisky fermentation kinetics and congeners. Journal of the Institute of Brewing, 129(2), 110-127. https://doi.org/10.58430/jib.v129i2.18 Flytande jäst har visat sig ha en signifikant kortare lag-phase jämfört med torkad jäst, men hade längre total jäsningstid på grund av en långsammare exponentiell fas. Hög pitchinghastighet (dvs mängd jäst som tillsätts vörten i början av jäsningsprocessen) resulterade i kortare lag-phase och snabbare jäsning. Flytande jäst producerade också fler estrar än torkad jäst. För att maximera etanolproduktionen är det viktigt att hålla jäsningen anaerob (syrefri), eftersom syre kan påverka jästens metabolism och leda till mindre etanolproduktion då den i stället producerar vatten och koldioxid. Nitrosaminer I whisky, idag är det mycket lågt till och med i rökig whisky Park, J., Seo, J., Lee, J., & Kwon, H. (2015). Distribution of Seven N-Nitrosamines in Food. Toxicological Research, 31(3), 279-288. https://doi.org/10.5487/TR.2015.31.3.279 Studien undersöker förekomsten av nitrosaminer i olika livsmedel, inklusive whisky. Den fann spårmängder av nitrosaminer som NDMA, NPYR och NMOR i whisky. Nitrosaminer är relativt instabila under destillationsprocessen, vilket innebär att deras koncentrationer minskar betydligt under produktionen. Tack vare förändringar i produktionsmetoder och destillationsprocessens effektivitet är förekomsten av nitrosaminer i whisky idag mycket låg. Analys av alkohol och estrar i whisky Whisky är en av de mest komplexa spritdryckerna, och för att förstå dess smakprofil behövs avancerade analysmetoder. I podden pratade David och Magnus om HPLC som visar hur många smakämnen som finns i whisky. Här visas en liknande metod på hur mångfacetterad whisky är och hur små förändringar i produktionen påverkar dess arom och smak. https://www.agilent.com/cs/library/applications/A00052.pdf Maillardreaktioner och annat Zhao, H. (2023). The chemistry of malting: Understanding the biochemical changes in grains. Journal of Food Technology and Preservation, 7(5), 196. https://www.alliedacademies.org/articles/the-chemistry-of-malting-understanding-the-biochemical-changes-in-grains.pdf När korn omvandlas till malt sker kemisk reaktioner som ger whisky och öl sin smak. En viktig process är Maillardreaktionen. Det är den som skapar de rika karamelliga, rostade och nötiga tonerna i malt. När malten torkas reagerar socker och aminosyror med varandra och bildar hundratals nya smakämnen. Temperaturen spelar en stor roll och vid lägre värme får vi ljus malt med mild smak, medan högre temperaturer ger mörkare malt med djupa smaktoner av kaffe, choklad och kola. Denna reaktion sker också när whisky lagras på fat och bidrar till dess komplexitet över tid. De kemiska reaktionerna fortstätter faktiskt efter den första reaktionen påbörjades, speciellt i fuktiga och varma miljöer. Frågan vi ställde oss är om det kunde fortsätta i t ex flaskan och lagringen. Det finns det inga bevis för vad vi känner till men kanske skulle vi göra en liten stuide? Här når du oss: En trea whisky på Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/entreawhisky) Maila till oss på hej@entreawhisky.se Davids blogg tjederswhisky.se (https://www.tjederswhisky.se) Följ oss på Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/entreawhisky Bli medlem! https://entreawhisky.memberful.com/checkout?plan=74960 Special Guest: Magnus Hillman.

This Day in Legal History: Outer Space Treaty Enters Into ForceOn October 10, 1967, the Outer Space Treaty, formally known as the "Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies," entered into force. This landmark agreement established a framework for the peaceful use and exploration of outer space, making it a key pillar of international space law. It was signed by the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom, and has since been ratified by over 100 nations.The treaty explicitly prohibits the placement of nuclear weapons or other weapons of mass destruction in orbit, on the Moon, or on any other celestial body. It also bans military activities and the establishment of military bases in space. One of its central tenets is that space is to be used for the benefit of all humankind, with no country allowed to claim sovereignty over outer space or any celestial body.This treaty was negotiated during the height of the Cold War, reflecting both superpowers' mutual interest in preventing the militarization of space. By laying the groundwork for cooperation and peaceful exploration, it paved the way for future international agreements on space activities, including those addressing environmental concerns and the use of space resources. The Outer Space Treaty remains a cornerstone of space law today, as space exploration continues to evolve and expand.The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals overturned a $47 million copyright infringement award against Grande Communications Networks LLC, an internet service provider (ISP), on Wednesday. Music publishers, including UMG Recordings and Warner Bros. Records, initially won the award after Grande was found liable for contributing to users' piracy of over 1,400 songs. However, the appeals court ruled that damages should not be awarded for each individual song, but rather for each album, sending the case back to the Texas district court for a new trial on damages. The court affirmed that Grande had failed to prevent repeated piracy by not terminating infringing subscribers, but found that the lower court had erred in its interpretation of statutory damages. This decision aligns with other rulings, such as one involving ISP Cox Communications, where liability for music piracy was affirmed, but damages were reconsidered.Appeals Court Undoes $47 Million Music Piracy Award Against ISPGSK has agreed to settle around 80,000 lawsuits, paying up to $2.2 billion over claims that the discontinued heartburn drug Zantac caused cancer. This settlement covers about 93% of the cases pending in U.S. state courts. The drugmaker maintains that there is no consistent evidence linking Zantac's active ingredient, ranitidine, to cancer but decided to settle to avoid prolonged litigation. Additionally, GSK will pay $70 million to settle a related whistleblower case. Zantac, once a blockbuster drug, faced scrutiny after the FDA in 2020 found that ranitidine could break down into a carcinogen, NDMA. Other pharmaceutical companies like Pfizer and Sanofi have also reached settlements, but Boehringer Ingelheim continues to face trials. In a recent Delaware ruling, plaintiffs were allowed to present expert testimony linking Zantac to cancer, while a Florida federal court had dismissed around 50,000 cases due to unreliable evidence. GSK agrees to settle about 80,000 Zantac lawsuits for up to $2.2 bln | ReutersFTX investors have voluntarily dropped their class action lawsuit against Sullivan & Cromwell, a prominent U.S. law firm. The investors had accused the firm of aiding FTX's multibillion-dollar fraud and benefiting as FTX's lead bankruptcy counsel. However, lead attorney Adam Moskowitz stated that after reviewing reports by FTX bankruptcy examiner Robert Cleary, there was no valid claim against the law firm. Cleary's reports found no evidence that Sullivan & Cromwell was complicit in FTX's collapse or that it ignored warning signs while representing former FTX CEO Sam Bankman-Fried. Sullivan & Cromwell welcomed the withdrawal of what it called "meritless claims." The lawsuit had alleged that the firm had unique insight into FTX's lack of internal controls and questionable practices. Meanwhile, FTX's bankruptcy plan, approved this week, will allow the company to repay customers using $16.5 billion in recovered assets. Plaintiffs' attorneys also reached a separate agreement with the FTX bankruptcy estate regarding customer claims. FTX investors drop lawsuit against law firm Sullivan & Cromwell | Reuters This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

This Day in Legal History: WWI Spy ConvictedOn August 16, 1918, Lothar Witzke became the first German spy convicted by the United States during World War I. Tried by a military commission at Fort Sam Houston, Texas, Witzke was found guilty of espionage for his role in sabotage activities against the U.S., including his alleged involvement in the Black Tom explosion, a major act of sabotage in 1916. His conviction marked a significant moment in the U.S.'s efforts to counter German espionage during the war. Witzke was sentenced to hang, but his fate took a turn when President Woodrow Wilson commuted his sentence on May 27, 1920. The commutation reflected the complexities of wartime justice and international relations. Later, in 1922, President Calvin Coolidge granted Witzke a pardon, leading to his deportation to Berlin. Witzke's case highlighted the U.S. government's determination to crack down on espionage while also navigating the diplomatic and political nuances of post-war justice.India's legal market is cautiously opening to foreign law firms under new guidance allowing them to practice international law within the country. However, only a few firms have taken steps to establish a presence, as many remain hesitant due to past challenges and uncertainties about the implementation of these new rules. India's rapid economic growth and favorable business environment under Prime Minister Narendra Modi make it an attractive prospect for foreign firms, but the memory of previous failed attempts and local opposition leads many to adopt a wait-and-see approach.Some firms are opting for strategies like the "fly in, fly out" model, running operations from nearby locations like Singapore. Others, like Baker McKenzie and Dentons, are planning to establish offices when permitted, but are currently working through collaborations with local firms. Japan-based TNY Legal and GVA Professional have already entered the Indian market to support their clients' growing needs.Despite the opportunities, significant hurdles remain, including unclear regulations and potential resistance from the local bar. Implementing legislation is still required, and foreign firms face a complex bureaucracy. The possibility of limits on foreign registrations to protect Indian firms adds to the uncertainty, making the path forward for foreign law firms in India fraught with challenges. India Sees Foreign Law Firms Take Baby Steps to Set Up OutpostsTikTok is challenging a U.S. law requiring its parent company, China-based ByteDance, to sell its U.S. assets or face a ban, arguing that the U.S. Department of Justice has misrepresented the app's ties to China. TikTok maintains that its data and content moderation decisions for U.S. users are handled within the U.S. and that the law infringes on its free speech rights. The law, signed by President Biden, aims to end Chinese ownership of TikTok due to national security concerns. The case will be heard by a federal appeals court in September, just before the November presidential election.TikTok disputes US claims on China ties in court appeal | ReutersThe Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld California's vote-by-mail system, ruling that it does not violate the constitutional rights of in-person voters, even if some invalid mailed ballots are occasionally counted. The court rejected the claim that counting these ballots dilutes the votes of in-person voters, emphasizing that such errors do not disproportionately affect any particular group. The decision arose from a lawsuit aiming to decertify California's 2020 election results, which, if successful, could have favored Donald Trump. The court found that the plaintiffs' "vote dilution" theory was legally unfounded, consistent with rulings from other circuits.California Vote-By-Mail Upheld in Rebuke of ‘Vote Dilution' SuitGSK plans to seek the dismissal of a Zantac-related lawsuit in Florida, where plaintiffs allege the heartburn drug caused prostate cancer. This follows a recent Florida court ruling in GSK's favor, which excluded expert testimony linking ranitidine, Zantac's active ingredient, to prostate cancer. The ruling aligns with a 2022 federal court decision that dismissed similar cancer-related claims. However, a Delaware court ruling in June allowed over 70,000 lawsuits to proceed, permitting expert testimony that Zantac causes cancer. GSK is appealing the Delaware decision, as the majority of Zantac cases are concentrated there. Concerns over ranitidine's potential to degrade into the carcinogen NDMA led to the FDA pulling Zantac from the market five years ago.GSK to seek dismissal of Florida case against heartburn drug Zantac | ReutersBayer achieved a legal victory as a U.S. appeals court ruled that federal law shields the company from liability in a lawsuit claiming its Roundup weed killer causes cancer. The 3rd U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Philadelphia decided that federal regulations, which require uniform pesticide labeling, preempted Pennsylvania state law from mandating a cancer warning on Roundup. This ruling came in response to a lawsuit by David Schaffner, a landscaper diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, who argued that Bayer's Monsanto unit failed to warn consumers about the cancer risk. The decision could lead to a U.S. Supreme Court review due to conflicting rulings from other federal appeals courts, potentially impacting Bayer's broader litigation risk. Bayer, which has settled much of the Roundup litigation for $10.9 billion but still faces tens of thousands of claims, welcomed the ruling, asserting that Roundup and its active ingredient glyphosate are safe.Bayer wins victory in US legal battle against Roundup cancer claims | ReutersThis week's closing theme is by Franz Schubert.This week's closing theme brings us to the world of Franz Schubert, a composer whose music bridges the Classical and Romantic eras with remarkable emotional depth and lyrical beauty. Schubert, born in Vienna in 1797, was a prolific composer despite his tragically short life, leaving behind a vast body of work that continues to resonate with audiences today. Among his numerous compositions, his Piano Quintet in A major, D. 667, known as the "Trout Quintet," and his symphonies are often celebrated, but today we focus on one of his masterpieces in chamber music: his Piano Quintet in F minor, Op. 15.The first movement, "Allegro con fuoco ma non troppo," showcases Schubert's unique ability to blend intensity with elegance. The title, which translates to "fast, with fire but not too much," perfectly encapsulates the movement's spirit. It opens with a passionate and fiery theme that immediately captures the listener's attention, setting the stage for a dynamic interplay between the piano and strings. As the movement progresses, Schubert masterfully balances this intensity with moments of lyrical beauty, creating a musical narrative that is both dramatic and profoundly moving.This piece exemplifies Schubert's gift for melody and his deep understanding of the human experience, qualities that have endeared his music to generations of listeners. As you listen to the "Allegro con fuoco ma non troppo," let yourself be carried by its sweeping phrases and the emotional journey it offers—a true testament to Schubert's genius.Without further ado, the first movement of Franz Schubert's Fantasie in C major, Op. 15, popularly known as the Wanderer Fantasy. Enjoy.   This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

Susannah Cahalan, #1 New York Times bestselling author of Brain on Fire, joins the Lobotomommies today! She talks the doctor who saved her life, the importance of holistic mental health care, physiological causes of mental health conditions, and more. As the 217th person to be diagnosed with anti-NDMA receptor autoimmune encephalitis, naturally escaping the psych ward or death, Susannah has made it her mission to raise awareness about autoimmune encephalitis and how the body can attack the brain. You don't want to miss this! This podcast is made possible by NOCD. NOCD offers effective, affordable, and convenient OCD therapy. Schedule a free 15-minute call today at ⁠https://learn.nocd.com/alegrakastens⁠ Follow Alegra on ⁠Instagram⁠! Episodes edited by ⁠Donny Hadfield

Welcome back to THE IAS COMPANION. Follow us on Youtube: ⁠www.youtube.com/@IASCompanion Today, we delve into the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). Established in response to calamities like the Gujarat earthquake in 1999 and the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004, the NDMA operates under the Disaster Management Act, 2005. Led by the Prime Minister as the ex-officio chairperson, the NDMA aims to foster a safer and disaster-resilient India through prevention, preparedness, and mitigation measures. Additionally, the NDMA oversees State and District Disaster Management Authorities, coordinating efforts at various levels to enhance disaster preparedness and response nationwide. #UPSC #IASprep #civilserviceexam #IASexamination #IASaspirants #UPSCjourney #IASexam #civilservice #IASgoals #UPSC2024 #IAS2024 #civilservant #IAScoaching #aUPSCmotivation #IASmotivation #UPSCpreparation #IASpreparation #UPSCguide #IASguide #UPSCtips #IAStips #UPSCbooks #IASbooks #UPSCexamstrategy #IASexamstrategy #UPSCmentorship #IASmentorship #UPSCcommunity #IAScommunity #UPSCpreparation #IASpreparation #UPSCguide #IASguide #UPSCtips #IAStips #UPSCbooks #IASbooks #UPSCexamstrategy #IASexamstrategy #UPSCmentorship #IASmentorship #UPSCcommunity #IAScommunity --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/theiascompanion/message

This Day in Legal History: Racist Restrictive Covenants Struck DownOn May 3, 1948, a significant legal decision was rendered by the United States Supreme Court, fundamentally altering the landscape of civil rights and property law. The case, Shelley v. Kraemer, addressed the pernicious practice of racially-restrictive covenants in real estate. These covenants were agreements embedded in the deeds of properties that prohibited the sale of these properties to individuals of certain races, most commonly African Americans.The Supreme Court's decision in Shelley v. Kraemer struck down the legal enforcement of these covenants, ruling that while private parties may enter into whatever agreements they choose, they cannot seek judicial enforcement of covenants that violated constitutional principles of equality. The Court held that such enforcement by state courts constituted state action and therefore was subject to the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.The background of the case involved an African American family, the Shelleys, who purchased a home in a neighborhood in St. Louis, Missouri. This neighborhood had an existing covenant that barred African Americans from owning property. When the Shelleys moved in, several of their white neighbors sought to enforce the covenant to prevent them from taking ownership.The Missouri Supreme Court had originally sided with the neighbors, ruling that the covenant was enforceable. However, the U.S. Supreme Court's decision reversed this ruling. Justice Fred M. Vinson, writing for the majority, emphasized that the enforcement of racially restrictive covenants by state courts amounted to a state action that denied equal protection of the laws.This landmark decision was a crucial step forward in the fight against institutionalized racism, particularly in housing. It reflected the growing judicial recognition of civil rights issues and set a precedent for future rulings related to racial discrimination. Moreover, Shelley v. Kraemer highlighted the judiciary's role in upholding constitutional rights against socially entrenched racial discrimination.The ruling did not, however, eliminate racially restrictive covenants overnight. Many neighborhoods continued to observe such agreements informally, and it wasn't until later legislative efforts, such as the Fair Housing Act of 1968, that such practices were comprehensively outlawed. Nevertheless, the Shelley v. Kraemer decision remains a pivotal moment in American legal history, celebrated for its affirmation of the principles of equality and justice enshrined in the U.S. Constitution.The Biden administration is set to implement a rule that will allow undocumented immigrants who arrived in the U.S. as children and are covered under the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program to receive subsidized health insurance through Obamacare. This rule, scheduled for release by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), will redefine "lawfully present" individuals to include DACA recipients, enabling them to access premium tax credits and cost-sharing reductions when purchasing plans from federal and state marketplaces beginning November 1, 2024.HHS Secretary Xavier Becerra emphasized the importance of this change, noting that over a third of DACA recipients currently lack health insurance. The inclusion of DACA recipients is expected to improve not only their health and wellbeing but also contribute positively to the overall economy. Additionally, the rule will permit these individuals to enroll in basic health programs similar to Medicaid in certain states, provided they earn no more than 200% of the poverty level.The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services anticipate that this adjustment could result in 100,000 previously uninsured DACA recipients gaining health coverage. This decision marks a significant shift from previous policies where DACA recipients were excluded from being considered "lawfully present" for insurance purposes due to the original rationale behind the DACA policy, which did not address eligibility for insurance affordability programs.The significant development in this story is the modification of the definition of "lawfully present" by the HHS to include DACA recipients. This change is crucial as it directly impacts the eligibility of these individuals for health insurance subsidies under Obamacare, a shift in policy that broadens access to healthcare for a previously marginalized group.DACA Immigrants Win Access to Obamacare Subsidies in HHS RuleIn a groundbreaking trial in Chicago, attorneys for Angela Valadez, an 89-year-old woman who developed colon cancer, argued that pharmaceutical companies GSK and Boehringer Ingelheim were aware that the heartburn medication Zantac could become carcinogenic under certain conditions but failed to alert the public. The lawyers contended that Zantac's active ingredient, ranitidine, could transform into a cancer-causing substance called NDMA if it aged or was subjected to high temperatures, and accused the companies of covering up the degradation of the pills by altering their appearance.GSK and Boehringer Ingelheim, the only defendants in this trial after other companies reached settlements, defended their product. They insisted that Zantac has been proven safe and effective through numerous studies and that no direct evidence links Zantac to Valadez's cancer, citing her other risk factors for the disease. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration had removed Zantac and its generic versions from the market in 2020 after detecting NDMA in some samples. Despite this, a significant legal victory came for the companies in 2022 when a judge dismissed about 50,000 claims, questioning the scientific backing of the assertion that Zantac could cause cancer. However, with more than 70,000 cases still pending, largely in Delaware, the issue remains a significant legal and public health concern. A newer version of Zantac with a different active ingredient is currently on the market, which does not contain ranitidine.GSK knew about Zantac cancer risk, attorneys tell jury in first trial | ReutersIn the ongoing criminal trial of former U.S. President Donald Trump in New York, a new defensive angle emerged as Trump's lawyer portrayed the hush money payment at the center of the trial as potentially extortive. The payment in question involved Stormy Daniels, real name Stephanie Clifford, who was reportedly paid to keep quiet about an alleged encounter with Trump prior to the 2016 presidential election.During the proceedings, defense attorney Emil Bove questioned Keith Davidson, Daniels' former lawyer, about his history with negotiating cash-for-dirt agreements with celebrities, hinting that Davidson's actions bordered on extortion. Trump's legal team appears to be focusing on undermining the credibility of prosecution witnesses like Daniels and Michael Cohen, Trump's former lawyer and fixer, who arranged the controversial $130,000 payment. Trump has denied any encounter with Daniels and pleaded not guilty to the charges of falsifying business records to conceal the payment.This trial aspect dovetails with previous testimony regarding Cohen's disappointment over not receiving a major governmental post after Trump's election victory. Cohen, who later disassociated from Trump and criticized him publicly, is expected to be a key witness. He has already served prison time for his role in the payment scheme.Moreover, the trial has seen further complications due to Trump's conduct outside the courtroom. Justice Juan Merchan has had to address violations of a gag order by Trump, who has been fined and could potentially face jail for continuing infractions. Trump has criticized the trial publicly, claiming it is an attempt to prevent his political comeback and alleging conflicts of interest by those involved in the trial.Trump's various legal troubles include other serious charges, such as attempting to overturn the 2020 election results and mishandling classified documents, adding layers of complexity to his current legal battles as he campaigns for the 2024 presidential election. These developments suggest a trial fraught with legal and political ramifications, with Trump's defense pushing back against what they suggest are questionable prosecutorial tactics and witness credibility.Trump trial hears Michael Cohen was 'despondent' he was denied a government post | ReutersTrump lawyer suggests hush money payment was extortion | ReutersThis week's closing theme is by Johannes Brahms.Johannes Brahms, born on May 7, 1833, in Hamburg, Germany, is one of the most revered figures in the history of classical music. His compositions span a wide range of genres, including chamber works, symphonies, and choral compositions. Brahms was known for his perfectionist approach, often taking years to refine his works to his satisfaction.Among his most celebrated creations is Symphony No. 1 in C minor, Op. 68. This symphony, which took Brahms about 14 years to complete, is frequently dubbed "Beethoven's Tenth" due to its stylistic similarities to Ludwig van Beethoven's symphonic work, especially the Ninth Symphony. Brahms's dedication to living up to Beethoven's legacy is evident in the meticulous structure and emotional depth of the piece.Symphony No. 1 was first performed in 1876, and since then, it has become a staple in the orchestral repertoire. It is particularly noted for its profound depth and complexity. The symphony unfolds over four movements, beginning with a dramatic and tense first movement that features a memorable timpani motif, which sets a somber and introspective mood. This is followed by a gentle and lyrical second movement, offering a stark contrast to the dramatic opening. The third movement, often considered the heart of the symphony, showcases Brahms's skill in thematic development and orchestral color. The finale is a triumphant resolution to the symphony's earlier tensions, culminating in a powerful and uplifting theme that echoes Beethoven's own symphonic climaxes.This week's closing theme features this masterful work by Brahms, inviting listeners to explore the depths of his musical genius. Symphony No. 1 stands not just as a nod to Beethoven's influence but as a significant original contribution to the symphonic form, marking Brahms's triumphant emergence as a composer of the first order in the orchestral domain.Without further ado, Brahm's Symphony No. 1 in C Minor, Op. 68 - III. Un poco allegretto e grazioso, enjoy. Get full access to Minimum Competence - Daily Legal News Podcast at www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

This Day in Legal History: MLK Assassinated On this day in legal history, April 4, 1968, the civil rights movement faced a tragic moment when Martin Luther King Jr., an emblematic leader advocating for nonviolent resistance against racial discrimination, was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee. King's untimely death occurred at the Lorraine Motel, a location that has since been etched into the national consciousness as a site of profound loss and reflection. His assassination sparked an outpouring of grief and anger across the United States, leading to widespread riots in over 100 cities and a national mourning that underscored the deep divisions and tumultuous struggles of the era.In the immediate aftermath, James Earl Ray, a fugitive from the Missouri State Penitentiary, was identified and later apprehended at London's Heathrow Airport, marking the beginning of a controversial and complex legal saga. Ray was charged with King's murder, and in a move that avoided a potentially explosive trial, he entered a guilty plea, receiving a 99-year prison sentence. However, Ray recanted his confession three days later, claiming he was a pawn in a broader conspiracy, a declaration that fueled ongoing debates and investigations into the assassination.The legal reverberations of King's assassination extended beyond the pursuit and conviction of his killer. In response to the national tragedy, Congress was galvanized to enact further civil rights legislation, including the Fair Housing Act of 1968, which sought to eliminate housing discrimination against minorities, a cause King had fervently championed. Moreover, the assassination intensified efforts to ensure equal rights and justice, inspiring legal challenges and reforms that continued to shape the civil rights landscape.King's legacy, deeply rooted in his pursuit of justice and equality through peaceful means, has had a lasting impact on American legal and social fabric. His vision and teachings continue to inform contemporary movements and legal principles, demonstrating the enduring power of nonviolent resistance in the face of injustice. On this day, we remember not just the loss of Martin Luther King Jr. but the enduring influence of his life's work on the quest for civil rights and legal equality in America.Sanofi has agreed to settle approximately 4,000 lawsuits in the United States alleging that the heartburn medication Zantac, which the company previously marketed, is linked to cancer. This agreement aims to resolve most of the legal actions against Sanofi in U.S. state courts, except for those in Delaware, where the bulk of cases are still pending. Despite not admitting liability, Sanofi cited the desire to avoid the costs and distractions of ongoing litigation as reasons for the settlement, the financial terms of which were not disclosed. The company still faces around 20,000 additional lawsuits in Delaware, with both sides awaiting a crucial judicial decision on the scientific validity of the claims that Zantac causes cancer. This situation follows a 2022 victory for the drugmakers when a judge dismissed 50,000 similar lawsuits on the grounds that the plaintiffs' expert opinions lacked solid scientific support. Amidst ongoing litigation, Sanofi has introduced Zantac360, a reformulated version of the medicine, following the discovery of NDMA, a carcinogenic chemical, in some Zantac pills which led to its market withdrawal in 2020 by the FDA's request.Sanofi to settle 4,000 Zantac cancer lawsuits in US state courts | ReutersA New York judge has rejected former U.S. President Donald Trump's request to delay his upcoming trial over charges related to hush money payments until after the U.S. Supreme Court reviews a separate case regarding presidential immunity. The trial, set for April 15, involves allegations of falsifying business records to conceal a payment made to silence claims of a past sexual encounter ahead of the 2016 election, an encounter Trump denies. Trump's legal team had argued for the delay, citing the relevance of a Supreme Court case set for April 25 that will consider Trump's immunity claims related to actions taken during his presidency. However, Justice Juan Merchan dismissed the delay request, noting Trump's late invocation of presidential immunity as a defense.This trial in New York could potentially be the only one of four criminal indictments against Trump to proceed before the November election, where Trump is a Republican candidate. Additionally, Trump's lawyers have sought to postpone the trial due to concerns over prejudicial pre-trial publicity, though the court has not yet ruled on this matter. The Manhattan District Attorney's office has opposed the delay, arguing that unbiased jurors can be selected despite the extensive media coverage, much of which, they claim, Trump instigated. The decision by the Supreme Court to hear Trump's appeal in a federal case has already delayed that trial, highlighting the unprecedented nature of a former U.S. president facing criminal proceedings.Trump loses bid to delay hush money trial until US Supreme Court review | ReutersThe Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court is considering class action lawsuits against the collection of website users' browsing data without consent, a practice allegedly involving tools from Meta Platforms and Google. This consideration interprets a 1960s eavesdropping prohibition, originally intended for phone and telegraph communications, as applicable to modern internet tracking. The court is deliberating on whether to allow two proposed class actions to proceed, which accuse two hospitals of violating the Massachusetts Wiretap Act by using third-party technologies that share users' activities with companies like Google and Meta. The possibility of making any ruling prospective was suggested by justices, to avoid penalizing past tracking activities not previously identified as illegal under the law.The case arises from complaints by Kathleen Vita, who alleges that her visits to the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and New England Baptist Hospital websites resulted in the unauthorized sharing of her browsing data. A trial court judge previously determined that the wiretap law does cover such internet tracking, a decision challenged by the hospitals' legal representation as an "absurd" extension of the decades-old statute. However, the Supreme Court's prior extension of the law's coverage to cell phones and text messages in 2013 supports the argument for its applicability to internet data collection.The lawsuit has drawn attention from industry groups like the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and National Retail Federation, concerned about the implications for countless website operators using common analytics tools. Despite similar cases being dismissed in other states, the Massachusetts case, bolstered by a prior $18.4 million settlement in a similar lawsuit, could set a precedent. The defense argues that the use of such data-gathering technologies falls under a business exemption, a claim met with skepticism from the court regarding its relevance to hospital operations. The court's final decision may include prospective measures to allow website operators to adjust practices accordingly, highlighting the case's potential surprise and impact on the broader web development and ownership community.Massachusetts top court considers allowing website tracking class actions | ReutersThe estate of the late comedian George Carlin settled a lawsuit against podcasters Will Sasso and Chad Kultgen, who used AI to create a faux Carlin comedy special and release it on YouTube. As part of the agreement, the podcasters from "Dudesy" will remove the AI-generated content and are barred from using Carlin's image, voice, or likeness without permission. This legal battle highlights the challenges at the intersection of AI technology, copyright law, and post-mortem publicity rights, marking one of the first cases to address these issues head-on. The lawsuit, filed by Carlin's estate in the US District Court for the Central District of California, underscores the growing concerns over the misuse of AI to replicate individuals' likenesses. Kelly Carlin, George Carlin's daughter, expressed hope that this case would serve as a cautionary tale about the potential dangers of AI and the importance of establishing protective measures. The settlement, though largely confidential, is seen as a necessary step in addressing the legal implications of advancing AI technologies in the realm of intellectual property and personal rights.George Carlin Estate Settles AI-Made Comedy Special Lawsuit (1) Get full access to Minimum Competence - Daily Legal News Podcast at www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

In this episode of Raising Biotech, Surani delves into Arialys and its mission to revive an autoimmune encephalitis drug from the grave after big pharma no longer wanted it. The company founders are a bunch of venture capitalists (Avalon Ventures, MPM Capital & Catalys Pacific) who saw potential in pursuing the preclinical drug candidate -- raising a $53 million seed financing in September 2023 to take it into human testing.Surani speaks to CEO Jay Lichter (Avalon) about his background, success stories, how he stumbled across Astellas' drug (now ART5803) and why he was so impressed with preclinical data in non-human primate marmoset models. Marty Jefson, CEO of Pinteon Therapeutics, a veteran neuropsychiatry drug development executive, talks about the drug's potential to fit in the treatment paradigm and what convinced him to join the company's clinical advisory board. Also joining the podcast to give medical context on the drug's potential is Dr Leon Henderson MacLennan, medical advisor and co-founder, InThought. The experts discuss the drug's safety and efficacy considerations, clinical trial hurdles and potential for the drug to expand to other autoimmune psychosis conditions including schizophrenia. Jay talks about clinical trial plans ahead, his preferences when it comes to a future IPO vs M&A and what he thinks will be the key value driver for a company exit.Timestamps:01:56 - Jay's background & history investing in novel technologies03:30 - Astellas looks to sell CNS assets04:00 - What exactly is anti-NDMA-receptor encephalitis (ANRE)?05:15 - Avalon Ventures team up with MPM Capital and Catalys Pacific for asset sale07:10 - Preclinical trials and impressive data in marmoset models09:15 - Marty (Pinteon) discusses ANRE burden and ART5803's clinical potential12:10 - Leon (InThought) discusses unmet need for targeted approach13:55 - Marty and Leon talk about first impressions of preclinical data15:05 - Experts discuss human trial considerations and Jay talks clinical trial plans19:15 - Safety considerations and historical challenges developing CNS drugs22:00 - Market opportunity of ANRE and other autoimmune indications like schizophrenia26:10 - Arialys' financing plans, long-term visions and potential future exitFor any comments, questions, feedback or suggestions you can connect directly with Surani Fernando on LinkedIn or email: raisingbiotech@gmail.comMusic composed by: Yrii Semchyshyn (Coma Media) Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this episode, we welcome back Dr. Andrew Gallimore to explore the content of his new book 'Reality Switch Technologies: Psychedelics as Tools for the Discovery and Exploration of New Worlds'. We discuss how the brain builds an experiential world model from patterns of information at the neural level; how all of those worlds are correlated with specific neural patterns; how we can disturb that neural pattern to encounter new worlds; essentially, using psychedelic molecules to explore alternate worlds.  We explore how different classes of psychedelics affects the brain differently and thus switch us to different potential worlds, focusing specifically on the neural and world-switching effects of classical psychedelics, tropane alkaloids, and ketamine. We also explore why the brain doesn't care if its models are true, only if their adaptive; how perception of reality flows from conceptual hypothesis down, not from sensory information upwards; the self-model and its disintegration (ego death); we talk about schizophrenia and hearing voices; and about how every experience is “real” but not all experience is accurately mapped to our environment. ... For links to Gallimore's work, full show notes, and a link to watch this episode in video, head to bit.ly/ATTMind176 *** FULL TOPICS BREAKDOWN BELOW**   SUPPORT THE PODCAST Patreon: https://patreon.com/jameswjesso Paypal Donation: https://www.paypal.com/biz/fund?id=383635S3BKJVS Merchandise:  https://www.jameswjesso.com/shop/ More Options: https://www.jameswjesso.com/support Newsletter:  https://www.jameswjesso.com/newsletter Telgram Channel:  https://t.me/jameswjesso *** Extra BIG thanks to my patrons on Patreon for helping keep this podcast alive! Especially my $23+ patrons, Andreas D, Ian C, Yvette FC, Alex F, Eliz C, Nick M, Joe A, Nanci BF, & Heartwood Mushrooms ——    Episode Breakdown (0:00) Opening and introduction (3:10) Guest bio (4:38) Patreon Thanks | Support the Show (6:14) Interview Begins (7:38) All experience is “real”; all experiences are of models made by the brain (10:45) DMT worlds are made of the same stuff as our normal waking world (13:15) The brain builds a world model from patterns of information at the neural level (18:31) The Interface Theory of Perception; not every experience is an adaptive model of the environment (22:07) The brain doesn't care if its models are true, only if it's adaptive. (24:26) Perception of reality flows from conceptual hypothesis down, not from sensory information upwards; predictive coding (35:40) The world falls out of the brain; how the brain builds the rich complexity of an entire reality (40:50) The self-model and its disintegration (ego death) (45:08) Schizophrenia and hearing voices (52:21) How the brain builds the world space of consensus reality, and how we can explore new world spaces by changing our brains with psychedelics (59:59) The C-Switch: how classical psychedelics affect the structure and dynamics of our models for reality (1:07:32) How classical psychedelics offer us profound insights and increase creativity through their effect on our brain's hypotheses about reality (1:11:39) Ego death is the result of classical psychedelics producing a loss of distinction between self and other (1:14:20) Increased wonder and insights resulting from classical psychedelics destabilizing the brain's hypotheses (1:23:08) Considering the difference between 5-MeO-DMT and DMT in the context of classical psychedelic effect on “the world space” (1:27:34) The M-Switch: how tropane alkaloids (aka datura) affect the structure and dynamics of our models for reality through acetylcholine, the M1 receptor, and the management of error signals (1:36:38) Tropanes, attention, and coming in and out of reality and hallucinations (1:39:30) The N-Switch: how ketamine and PCP affect the structure and dynamics of our models for reality through the NDMA receptor, the push-pull dance between anesthesia and high-psychedelia (1:45:23) James musing on his high-dose ketamine experiences (1:46:45) Ketamine is an abstract state of consciousness (1:50:11) What about Cannabis, MDMA, and Amanita Muscaria? (1:54:51) Using psychedelic molecules (and designing new ones) to explore and map alternate worlds (2:02:47) Follow-up links and socials (2:05:21) Outro

In this episode, I interview celebrated author N. Dean Meyer about his book: 'How Organizations SHOULD Work: envisioning a high-performing organization made of a network of internal entrepreneurs', released in June 2022. The book provides: A detailed vision (blueprint) of the end-state operating model - to help you craft and communicate your own vision. All the mechanics - solid principles of design, and clear frameworks to help you design your organization in a fact-based manner. Implementation processes - participative processes that engage your leadership team in designing your organization. A case study. Analysis of many critical challenges, including innovation, digital business, scalability, acquisitions integration, agility, and the founder bottleneck. Perspectives on transformational leadership. A book summary (akin to Cliff's Notes ®). From two foundational principles -- internal entrepreneurship, and empowerment -- Meyer derives every detail of how organizations of all types and sizes should work. This "Market Organization" is a comprehensive blueprint of a high-performing organization. Paradoxically, it's common sense, and yet it's also profound. The Market Organization applies to all industries, including government and not-for-profits. It applies to organizations of all sizes and stages of growth, starting with ventures where it can build scalable organizations with mature processes while retaining their entrepreneurial spirit, on up to multi-nationals where it dissolves the dichotomy of localization versus global synergies. And this operating model applies to departments (such as IT) as well as entire companies. Throughout this book, the word "organization" refers to either an entire enterprise, or a department within it. In our interview, we consider the language used in the book to describe organizational design principles. I ask Dean to explain what he means by transformational processes being likened to 'twisting minds'. We also discuss the current fascination with 'agile' project methodologies and how these can easily be misunderstood and misinterpreted when taken out of context. We also discuss the use of such terms as 'own', 'ownership' and 'product' and therefore 'product owner' and how this can lead to dangerous conclusions. We consider the potential overuse of the terms 'stakeholder', 'partner', 'sponsor' and whether a distinction needs to be made between 'accountabilities' and 'responsibilities'. Dean's book, How Organizations SHOULD Work, is available on Amazon: https://amzn.to/3wWmFD1  You can learn more about Dean and view a library on organizational design and transformation at: NDMA.com The general aim of the #podcast series is to be entertaining for all listeners, as well as being educational, assisting upper-intermediate and advanced level English language students with additional listening practice. I've been told the podcasts are the perfect travelling companion for long car journeys, train rides and even for airplane adventures. For more information on this podcast series, please review the full episode list on your chosen podcast platform or email ⁠johnscottlawton@hotmail.co.uk⁠. Please visit my LinkedIn profile at: ⁠https://www.linkedin.com/in/john-scott-lawton/⁠ if you would like to be a guest on my programme or to view my work. Please use a sound comment if using the Spotify App, if possible, to ask any questions or to comment on the language used in this podcast. Finally, please take a look at my website where I post additional content to support this podcast series. An interview schedule which acts as a summary of the questions asked and terminology used in the podcast is available at: ⁠https://johnscottlawtonsenglishyouknow.wordpress.com/ #organizationaldesign #organizationalchange #organizationaltransformation #organisationaldesign #organisationalchange #organisationaltransformation #managers #leaders #entrepreneurship #empowerment #agility #innovation #change --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/john-lawton/message

In 2020, the enormously popular heartburn medication Zantac was pulled from store shelves after samples were found to contain the probable carcinogen NDMA. The drug has since been re-introduced with a new formula that is considered safe to use as directed.But tens of thousands of people who took the old version of the drug, made with the active ingredient ranitidine, are now suing Zantac's maker, then called Glaxo and now known as GSK. They claim the medication gave them cancer and are seeking compensation. The company is pushing back, saying there is no conclusive evidence or scientific consensus that ranitidine can degrade and form NDMA in harmful amounts under normal conditions.Reporters Anna Edney, Susan Berfield, and Jef Feeley dug into the claims and counterclaims for Bloomberg Businessweek, and they join this episode to talk about Zantac's rise and fall and where these lawsuits are headed. And Dr. Jaap Venema, chief science officer at US Pharmacopeia, explains how potential carcinogens get into drugs–and what pharmaceutical companies and government agencies are–and should be–doing to ensure the safety of the medications we take. Read the story: https://bloom.bg/3Yxzno2 Listen to The Big Take podcast every weekday and subscribe to our daily newsletter: https://bloom.bg/3F3EJAK  Have questions or comments for Wes and the team? Reach us at bigtake@bloomberg.net.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.02.10.528087v1?rss=1 Authors: Zhou, Z., Kakegawa, W., Fujimori, K., Sho, M., Shimamura, R., Supakul, S., Yoshimatsu, S., Kohyama, J., Yuzaki, M., Okano, H. Abstract: Cortical excitatory neurons (Cx neurons) are the most dominant neuronal cell type in the cerebral cortex and play a central role in cognition, perception, intellectual behavior, and emotional processing. Robust in vitro induction of Cx neurons may facilitate as a tool for the elucidation of brain development and the pathomechanism of the intractable neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimers disease, and thus potentially contribute to drug development. Here, we report a defined method for the efficient induction of Cx neurons from the feeder-free-conditioned human embryonic stem cells (ES cells) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells). Using this method, human ES/iPS cells could be differentiated into ~99% MAP2-positive neurons by three weeks, and these induced neurons displayed several characteristics of mature excitatory neurons within 5 weeks, such as strong expression of glutamatergic neuron-specific markers (subunits of AMPA and NDMA receptors and CAMKII), highly synchronized spontaneous firing and excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC). In addition, the Cx neurons showed susceptibility to A{beta} oligomer toxicity and excessive glutamate excitotoxicity, which is another advantage for toxicity testing and searching for therapeutic agent discovery. Taken together, this study provides a novel research platform for studying neural development and degeneration based on the feeder-free human ES/iPS cell system. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

This podcast episode is from an informational webinar hosted by the Naturalistic Decision Making Association on December 15th, 2022. The webinar outlines the purpose and parameters of CTA in E/Affect, a challenge sponsored by Schmidt Futures to strengthen the case for Cognitive Task Analysis in the workplace. What is Cognitive Task Analysis? CTA is a toolkit used by psychologists, researchers, and instructional designers to understand how high-performing professionals make complex decisions. The deep insights revealed through CTA can be used to design training programs that help novices achieve proficiency at a rapid pace. Two-Stage Program The grant will support a year-long project carried out in two stages. Stage 1: CTA in Effect [DEADLINE: February 15th, 2023] The first stage will solicit case studies of CTA's ROI and award $10,000 in total prize money to the most compelling submissions. Stage 2: CTA in Affect [To take place throughout 2023] The second stage will identify high-value areas of opportunity for CTA-based training programs. An Invitation to Partners & Practitioners Are you an experienced CTA practitioner? Do you represent a company that would like to learn more about how CTA can preserve institutional knowledge and accelerate training? If the answer to either question is yes, this podcast and the challenge it describes will be of value to you. Learn more about Naturalistic Decision Making and Cognitive Task Analysis at NaturalisticDecisionMaking.org. Thank you to Schmidt Futures for their generous sponsorship of this initiative and support of the NDMA and its mission. Learn more about their work at SchmidtFutures.com.

Executive Summary An in depth analysis of NDMA's response to the 2010... The post Dealing with Disaster: Learning from 2010 Floods appeared first on Tabadlab | Understanding Change.

CHECK LINKS BELOW FOR FLOOD CHARITY SUPPORT Returning guest Sharmeen Khan and new guest Talha Rehman join us to talk about how relief efforts work in light of disasters like the 2022 Pakistan floods. If you're looking to learn more about things you need to know and how to start contributing, jump in! Things discussed in this episode: 00:00 Intro 01:38 Introductions! Sharmeen and Talha's histories of relief works and how they met 07:49 Mention of 2022's catastrophic floods has started to go away in Pakistani media 14:05 Quick pros and cons of the NDMA (we'll come back to this later too) 16:44 How the requirements of those displaced by disasters change over time 23:48 Over a decade of floods later, did we learn and implement anything BEFORE the 2022 disaster? 29:12 All these villages destroyed, any hope of them being rebuilt? 37:46 How to keep donations coming in when news channels go away, and justified donor fatigue 41:21 How technology has helped create efficiencies in relief and donation efforts 46:13 What should people keep in mind when donating? What research to do, what to donate. 55:03 Returning to NDMA's performance over the years, talking about the need for empathy 1:00:53 Outro LINKS: Umair's post about charities: https://www.instagram.com/p/ChuaVgWjGjz/ Shehzeen's fundraiser: https://www.gofundme.com/f/lasbelafloods Sharmeen's Twitter: https://twitter.com/K_Sharmeen Talha's twitter: https://twitter.com/DrTalhaRehman Support the podcast by becoming a monthly patron on Patreon (https://www.patreon.com/tprpod) or send a one-off token on Ko-fi (https://ko-fi.com/tprpod)! Find all our previous episodes on SoundCloud, Spotify & Apple Podcasts and follow us all on Twitter! Links to everything below! SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/tprpod Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/6PvTahp... Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast... Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/tprpod/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/TPRPod Ali: https://twitter.com/themaholupper Rizwan: https://twitter.com/RizwanTakkhar Sarkhail: https://twitter.com/Sarkhail7Khan --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/tprpod/support

以下について話しました。 --- パキスタンで6月から続くモンスーン（雨期）の洪水で、同国の国家防災管理局（NDMA）は29日、死者が1136人に上ったと発表した。シェリー・レーマン（Sherry Rehman）気候変動相は、国土の3分の1が水没しており、「想像を絶する規模の危機」が生じていると述べた。 【今日のニュース】https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/ae8b60e27864b309adbd5f468491df2cb95a5097

NDMA has been classified as a probable human carcinogen. Where has NDMA been found in recent studies? 

फरवरी 2021 में उत्तराखंड के चमोली में बाढ़ ने 80 लोगों की जान ले ली थी. इस पर एक साल बाद आई एनडीएमए की रिपोर्ट कहती है कि हिमालयी क्षेत्र में कई जलविद्युत परियोजनाएं ‘पर्यावरण के लिहाज से नाजुक' इलाकों में स्थापित की गई हैं. ----more---- https://hindi.theprint.in/india/investigation-report-related-to-chamoli-disaster-ndma-said-cannot-depend-on-hydropower-for-a-long-time/333954/ 

फरवरी 2021 में उत्तराखंड के चमोली में बाढ़ ने 80 लोगों की जान ले ली थी. इस पर एक साल बाद आई एनडीएमए की रिपोर्ट कहती है कि हिमालयी क्षेत्र में कई जलविद्युत परियोजनाएं ‘पर्यावरण के लिहाज से नाजुक' इलाकों में स्थापित की गई हैं.

In episode 122 on The People's Scientist podcast, I dive into some scientific evidence on how physical and psychological stressors increase the need for Magnesium. Magnesium helps to buffer the stress response by promoting the production of ATP, Serotonin, GABA, and antagonizing the excitatory NDMA receptor. However, chronic stress can deplete Magnesium and reduce the ability to buffer the stress response. This may lead to symptoms like irritability, fatigue, weakness, nervousness, poor sleep, and heart palpitations. Tune in to find out what may increase our chances of becoming deficient, how much Magnesium we need, good food sources, and much more. If you want to see some of the papers I cite in each episode, make sure to follow me on social media. Want to buy me a coffee to say thanks for the episode? You can do so via Venmo or Patreon below.Venmo ID: Steph-CalPatreon: https://www.patreon.com/join/DrSCaligiuriFollow me on social media to see the papers I cite in this week's episode:IG: Dr.SCaligiuriFB: ThePeoplesScientistTwitter: DrSCaligiuriLinkedin: Stephanie CaligiuriTikTok: Dr.SCaligiuri See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

It's an oddly forgotten part of Waterloo Region history. In 1989, there was a discovery of contaminants in the aquifers under the town of Elmira. Those contaminants were linked to a plant that was then Uniroyal Chemical. The contaminant was identified as the carcinogenic NDMA (nitrosodimethylamine) and it was in the town's only supply of drinking water. Gerry Thompson joins Rob for an insightful conversation on what happened when the contamination was found and what happened next.

Billion-dollar drugs pulled from the market for carcinogenic contamination less than that found in a single serving of grilled chicken.

Culture Cooking and Coping. The ABC of life and Arts in Bangor! - Film reviews with a twist, piss easy recipes to impress your kids, books, music lessons, automobile maintenance, 'big fancy' words and wee walks around the local area.Simon from Windmill guitars joins us for a chat this week!  What a lovely fella! We talk about cars, guitars and xanny bars!He recommends Ryan McMullan's 'Debut' album and Rhiannon suggests 'The Rescue' as the film. *SPECIAL OFFER*Windmill Guitars are going to give a free capo with every guitar starter pack from now til xmas if you say "El Capo" or "NDMA podcast". Thanks Simon! If you enjoyed this episode please support us and our chosen charities, currently:RNLINew episode Thursdays.ndmapodcast@yahoo.com33% of all Patreon goes directly to local charities in Bangor, Co Down.https://www.patreon.com/northdownmums

Kelley & Ferraro Associate Attorney Brian Kelly joined the AWF Union Podcast today to discuss an ongoing case involving the heartburn drug Zantac, which was linked to cause various forms of cancer. He reviewed the case and explained how the chemical NDMA was found in the heartburn medication and what to do if you took the medication and are now diagnosed with cancer. U.S. Sen. Sherrod Brown (D-Ohio) was also featured on today's episode of the AWF Union Podcast. He spoke about the bipartisan legislation to provide border agents with devices to detect and identify dangerous drugs like fentanyl. Sen. Brown also gave an update on the infrastructure bill.

Red onion effective at killing cancer cells, study says University of Guelph (Ontario)  If you're looking for a flavorful way to help fight and prevent cancer, add red onion to your shopping list.  It will be worth the effort … as you will soon see why. In the first study of its kind, University of Guelph researchers looked at how the Ontario-grown red onion and several others affected the growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Their findings indicate that all onions are not created equal. The Canadian researchers looked at five different kinds of onion in total from the province of Ontario. They assessed the onions in terms of their effects against cancer cells and their ability to prevent cancer. Of the five species tested, the Ruby Ring red onion was the most effective. Few people are aware that onions are somewhat of a superfood. Hopefully, studies like these will help to change that. Onions in general have very high concentrations of the flavonoid quercetin. However, the Ruby Ring Ontario red onion has particularly high levels of these compounds as compared with other species. In the study, colon cancer cells were placed in direct contact with quercetin that was extracted from the five onion varieties studied. It was found that all of the onion types created an unfavorable environment for cancer cells and initiated cancer cell death, or apoptosis. Communication between the cancer cells seems to be disrupted by the compounds in the onions, and this can help to fight and prevent cancer. The study also showed that the Ruby Ring red onion was high in anthocyanin, a compound that helps to enrich the scavenging properties of quercetin. This in turn supports quercetin in fighting cancer cells and helping to prevent cancer. Anthocyanin is the molecule that gives vegetables like red onions their rich, deep color. This is in keeping with the general increased healthbenefits that can be gained from other dark or brightly colored vegetables and fruits. The recent onion study results were published in the journal Food Research International. While all of the onions studied showed the ability to inhibit cancer cells, red onions were particularly effective. Their beneficial compounds blocked the production of both colon cancer cells and breast cancer cells within the controlled conditions of the study. The next step is to complete human trials to further explore the cancer fighting effects of onions. Researchers are also working on an extraction technique to isolate the quercetin in onions so that it can be administered as a cancer therapy. In the meantime, finding ways to include more of this cancer-fighting superfood into your diet can allow you to experience many health benefits. Enjoy red onions in salads, on sandwiches and cooked into soups, stews and stir-fry dishes.     Age and aging have critical effects on the gut microbiome   Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, October 4, 2021 Researchers at Cedars-Sinai have found that aging produces significant changes in the microbiome of the human small intestine distinct from those caused by medications or illness burden. The findings have been published in the journal Cell Reports. "By teasing out the microbial changes that occur in the small bowel with age, medication use and diseases, we hope to identify unique components of the microbial community to target for therapeutics and interventions that could promote healthy aging," said Ruchi Mathur, MD, the study's principal investigator. Research exploring the gut microbiome, and its impact on health, has relied predominantly on fecal samples, which do not represent the entire gut, according to Mathur. In their study, investigators from Cedars-Sinai's Medically Associated Science and Technology (MAST) Program analyzed samples from the small intestine–which is over 20 feet in length and has the surface area of a tennis court–for examination of the microbiome and its relationship with aging. "This study is the first of its kind to examine the microbial composition of the small intestine of subjects 18 years of age to 80. We now know that certain microbial populations are influenced more by medications, while others are more affected by certain diseases. We have identified specific microbes that appear to be only influenced by the chronological age of the person," said Mathur, an endocrinologist and director of the Diabetes Outpatient Treatment & Education Center. The 21st century has been referred to as the "era of the gut microbiome" as scientists turn considerable attention to the role trillions of gut bacteria, fungi and viruses may play in human health and disease. The microbiome is the name given to the genes that live in these cells. Studies have suggested that disturbances in the constellations of the microbial universe may lead to critical illnesses, including gastroenterological diseases, diabetes, obesity, and some neurological disorders. While researchers know that microbial diversity in stool decreases with age, Cedars-Sinai investigators identified bacteria in the small bowel they refer to as "disruptors" that increase and could be troublesome. "Coliforms are normal residents of the intestine. We found that when these rod-shaped microbes become too abundant in the small bowel–as they do as we get older–they exert a negative influence on the rest of the microbial population. They are like weeds in a garden," said study co-author Gabriela Leite, Ph.D. Investigators also found that as people age, the bacteria in the small intestine change from microbes that prefer oxygen to those that can survive with less oxygen, something they hope to understand as the research continues. "Our goal is to identify and fingerprint the small intestinal microbial patterns of human health and disease. Given the important role the small bowel plays in absorption of nutrients, changes in the microbiome in this location of the gut may have a greater impact on human health, and warrants further study," said Mark Pimentel, MD, director of the MAST program and a co-author of the study. This research is part of Cedars-Sinai's ongoing REIMAGINE study: Revealing the Entire Intestinal Microbiota and its Associations with the Genetic, Immunologic, and Neuroendocrine Ecosystem.   Study finds no association between caffeine intake and invasive breast cancer risk University of Buffalo, September 28, 2021 Researchers from the University at Buffalo conducted a study of nearly 80,000 postmenopausal women in the U.S. to determine whether caffeine consumption from coffee and tea has any association with invasive breast cancer. The average age when U.S. women reach menopause, 51, also happens to coincide with the age group—50- to 64-year-olds—that has the highest reported caffeine consumption. In addition to that, the average age of breast cancer diagnosis in the U.S. is 62. This overlap of age at menopause, age at diagnosis of breast cancer and age with high caffeine consumption gave greater weight to the importance of clarifying whether caffeine intake impacts breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women. It does not, according to the UB researchers' findings, published in August in the International Journal of Cancer. "From our literature review, many studies have found significant associations between coffee and/or tea consumption and reduced breast cancer incidence whereas a few studies have reported elevated risk. Our study, however, found no association," said study first author Christina KH Zheng, who worked on the study while completing her master's in epidemiology at UB. She is now a surgical resident in the MedStar Baltimore general surgery program. "About 85% of Americans drink at least one caffeinated beverage a day. It is important for the public to know whether consumption of caffeinated beverages has beneficial or harmful effects on breast cancer, the most common type of cancer and second-leading cause of cancer death for U.S. women," said Lina Mu, MD, Ph.D., the study's senior author, who is an associate professor of epidemiology and environmental health at UB. "The overlap of age at diagnosis of breast cancer and age with high consumption of caffeine, and the inconsistent findings from previous studies motivated us to study whether this lifestyle factor could affect breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women," said Kexin Zhu, a study co-first author and epidemiology Ph.D. student in UB's School of Public Health and Health Professions. Researchers looked at a sample of 79,871 participants in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Participants have for decades now completed yearly health questionnaires that help researchers learn more about diet and exercise habits, as well as disease, and any possible linkages. After a median follow-up of 16 years, there were 4,719 cases of invasive breast cancer identified. At first glance, women who reported drinking two to three cups of caffeinated coffee per day had a 12% higher risk of invasive breast cancer compared to non-drinkers. But that association was not statistically significant after adjusting for lifestyle factors, such as smoking and alcohol consumption. "Seeing null results after adjusting for lifestyle, demographic and reproductive factors informs us of the complexity that is the relationship between caffeine intake and invasive breast cancer risk," Zheng said. "Some lifestyle factors, like drinking alcohol and physical activity, might be associated with both coffee intake and breast cancer risk," Zhu explained. "Therefore, they might confound the initial positive associations. After we took the lifestyle factors into account, the results suggested that regular coffee drinking might not have an impact on invasive breast cancer risk." The risk of invasive breast cancer was even higher—22%—for women who reported drinking two to three cups of decaffeinated coffee each day. It was slightly lower when adjusted for lifestyle variables (smoking history, alcohol consumption, physical activity, etc.), and the association was not statistically significant when further accounting for reproductive variables such as family history of breast cancer and number of children The researchers were unable to determine if the elevated risk is due to the decaffeinated nature of the coffee, the amount consumed, or another factor unique to this population that was not accounted for in the study. The researchers did not observe a significant association between overall tea consumption and invasive breast cancer. Additional research needs to be done in order to understand whether different types of teas have different effects on breast cancer risk, Zhu said.   Liver function improves with the consumption of Broccoli sprout extract Tokai University Tokyo Hospital (Japan), October 5, 2021 A Japanese study of broccoli sprouts and liver function has found the sulforaphane-rich food to be highly beneficial. An extract from broccoli sprouts given to male participants was shown to improve hepatic abnormalities and overall liver function significantly. For the study, the researchers conducted a double blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial of males with fatty liver disease. The subjects received either extract of broccoli sprouts in capsule form, or a placebo. The capsules contained glucoraphanin, a precursor for the sulforaphane in broccoli sprouts. A number of key liver function markers were measured before and after the trial. It was determined that dietary supplementation with extract of broccoli improved liver functioning by decreasing alkali phosphatase activity and oxidative stress markers. Broccoli sprout extract was also found to prevent NDMA-induced chronic liver failure in rats. The researchers believe the antioxidants in broccoli sprouts are effective in suppressing the mechanisms of liver failure at a cellular level. The reduction of oxidative stress is crucial in protecting the liver and improving its health, and broccoli is loaded with health-supporting antioxidants. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is also reaching epidemic proportions, with nearly 30 percent of Americans (90 million people) having some level of the disease. Like hep C, NAFLD can result in liver failure and cancer of the liver in the most severe cases. Exposure to environmental toxins exacerbates liver conditions as well, with the glyphosate found in weed killers, like Roundup, particularly harmful. The good news is that liver conditions are preventable by embracing a healthy lifestyle. Eating plenty of organic fruits and vegetables, exercising regularly and avoiding alcohol and cigarettes can do wonders for liver health. As evidenced by the recent research out of Japan, sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprouts can be a key component in supporting healthy liver function. Milk thistle, vitamin E, black seed oil and dandelion root have also shown effectiveness in supporting and detoxifying the liver.       How cannabis-like substances keep the brain in balance   Utrecht University (Netherlands), October 4, 2021 Whenever we learn, remember or forget something, a surprisingly active role is played by cannabis-like substances in the brain. Researchers at Utrecht University found that the substances actively balance connections in the brain that allow cells to either activate or inhibit each other. The discovery reveals how brain cells influence each other, and how psychiatric disorders can arise when this process goes wrong. Although wisdom comes with age, our brain does not store every single experience or lesson learned. In addition to learning and remembering, our brains are also equipped to forget irrelevant things or drop unused skills. In order to find a balance in this, brain cellsconstantly communicate with each other through connections that activate or inhibit the cells. Researchers from Utrecht University discovered that brain cells can form new, inhibitory connections via so-called endocannabinoids. They reported their discovery in Journal of Neuroscience. Counterbalance Endocannabinoids derive their name from the cannabis plant, which contains similar substances. The researchers discovered the role of endocannabinoids when they induced brain cells of mice to strengthen activating connections. In response, the brain cells also started making new inhibitory connections. The researchers found that endocannabinoids kickstarted the new connections. Surprisingly active role The researchers were surprised to find that these substances play such an active role. "Nobody expected this from endocannabinoids," says research leader Dr. Corette Wierenga, neurobiologist at Utrecht University. It was already known that endocannabinoids can influence the functioning of our brains. But until now researchers assumed that the substances were merely involved in adjusting existing connections. "Now it appears that the system of endocannabinoids can actively push the production of new inhibitory connections, with which brain cells actively regulate the balance." Psychiatric disorders caused by imbalance The discovery could help scientists to better understand how psychiatric disordersand other abnormalities in the brain develop. In many of these disorders, the balance between inhibitory and activating connections is disturbed. During an epileptic seizure, for example, this balance is seriously disturbed. Although in many other disorders the disturbance is more subtle, for example in schizophrenia, the impact can still be equally profound. Cannabis-related unbalance The balance between activating and inhibiting connections in our brain is constantly being adjusted in response to our experiences. Whenever we experience something, the connections change, and the brain must restore the balance. Cannabis use can disrupt that balance. "Occasional cannabis use will not seriously disturb the balance," says Wierenga. "But if the balance is disturbed for a longer period, it can cause problems. For example, children of mothers who smoked marijuana during pregnancy can experience problems with neurological development." Early stages of life The balance is especially important in early stages of life, Wierenga says. "During our development, brain connections are constantly changing. Especially during that period, it is important that inhibitory and activating connections remain coordinated. If the coordination is malfunctioning or disturbed, you can imagine that the system becomes disrupted. And unfortunately, disruptions that occur so early cannot be easily repaired later in life." According to Wierenga, such disruptions can lead not only to loss of memory, but also initiate more serious consequences. For example, the brain might grow out to less adaptive to stressful situations. "When this happens, things get out of hand more easily in the brain, because inhibition and activation are out of balance. That could lead to learning and behavioral problems." Predicting and preventing disorders Creating a deeper understanding of the role endocannabinoids play in the brain, could lead to psychiatric disorders being more predictable or even prevented in the future. The publication in Journal of Neuroscience now sets out a new direction in which more knowledge can be built up. Wierenga: "Ultimately, as a researcher, we want to understand how brain cells coordinate the balance and what happens when that balance is disturbed.   Glycerin is safe, effective in psoriasis model Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, October 4, 2021 Patients with psoriasis have reported that glycerin, an inexpensive, harmless, slightly sweet liquid high on the list of ingredients in many skin lotions, is effective at combatting their psoriasis and now scientists have objective evidence to support their reports. They found that whether applied topically or ingested in drinking water, glycerin, or glycerol, helps calm the classic scaly, red, raised and itchy patches in their psoriasismodel, Dr. Wendy Bollag, cell physiologist and skin researcher at the Medical College of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center and her colleagues report in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences. The studies also provide more evidence of the different ways glycerin enables the healthy maturation of skin cells through four stages that result in a smooth, protective skin layer. Psoriasis is an immune-mediated problem that typically surfaces in young adults in which skin cells instead multiply rapidly, piling up into inflamed patches. "We have experimental data now to show what these patients with psoriasis are reporting," says Bollag, who nearly 20 years ago first reported in The Journal of Investigative Dermatology that glycerin, a natural alcohol and water attractor known to help the skin look better, also safely helped it function better by helping skin cells mature properly. Bollag's early report led to many anecdotal reports from individuals and their reports ultimately led to the newly published study. Topically, glycerin is known to have a soothing, emollient effect. But another key part of its magic, which Dr. Bollag has helped delineate, is its conversion to the lipid, or fat, phosphatidylglycerol, which ultimately regulates the function of keratinocytes, our major skin cell type, and suppresses inflammation in the skin. Glycerin gets into the skin through avenues like aquaporin-3, a channel expressed in skin cells, and the MCG scientists have shown that once inside, aquaporin 3 funnels glycerin to phospholipase-D-2, an enzyme that converts fats in the external cell membrane into cell signals, ultimately converting glycerin to phosphatidylglycerol. In 2018, Bollag and team reported that topical application of phosphatidylglycerol reduced inflammation and the characteristic raised skin patches in a mouse model of psoriasis. This time they decided to look at the impact of its widely available precursor glycerin. For the new studies, they used imiquimod, which is known to produce psoriasis-like plaques on humans using it for problems like genital warts and some skin cancers, to produce an animal model. The mice either drank the sweet natural alcohol or the scientists applied it topically. Either way, glycerin helped reduce development of the characteristic skin lesions, the scientists report, a finding which helps underline that glycerin works in more than one way to improve the skin condition. Externally, glycerin showed its action as an emollient because even in mice missing phospholipase-D-2, it was beneficial. Additionally, topically it appears to compete with hydrogen peroxide for space inside the aquaporin 3 channel. Hydrogen peroxide is commonly known as a mild antiseptic but we produce it as well and at low levels it's a cell signaling molecule. But at high levels, hydrogen peroxide produces destructive oxidative stress, which can actually cause psoriasis. The scientists found that topical glycerin reduced the levels of hydrogen peroxide entering skin cells. When they added glycerin and hydrogen peroxide at the same time directly to skin cells, they found that glycerin protected against the oxidative stress from hydrogen peroxide. "Glycerol is basically outcompeting the hydrogen peroxide in getting in there and preventing it from being able to enter and increase oxidative stress," Bollag says. Oil and water don't mix, so yet another way glycerin may be helpful is by supporting the skin's major role as a water permeability barrier so that, as an extreme, when we sit in a bathtub the bath water doesn't pass through our skin so we blow up like a balloon, she says. On the other hand, when glycerin was ingested by the mice missing the phospholipase- D-2, which converts fats or lipids in a cell's membrane to signals, it simply did not work, Bollag says, which confirmed their earlier findings that internally anyway, glycerin pairs with the enzyme to produce the signal essential to skin cell maturation. Some of their other most recent work is detailing more about how phosphatidylglycerol decreases inflammation.  Bollag would like next steps to also include clinical trials with dermatologists and patients and is working to find a formulation scientist who can make what she thinks will be the optimal combination: glycerin and phosphatidylglycerol in the same topical cream. The addition of phosphatidylglyerol itself, rather than just the glycerin that makes it, is essentially a backup since there is some evidence that in psoriasis the essential conversion of glycerin to phosphatidylglycerol is not optimal. Bollag's lab and others have shown reduced levels of aquaporin 3 in psoriasis, which likely means less phosphatidylgycerol, so making more glycerin available may help, albeit not as efficiently, raise the availability of this lipid essential to normal skin cell proliferation. Moving quickly into clinical trials should be comparatively easy since, as with glycerin, there already is experience with the use of phosphatidylglycerol in humans. For example, it's a component of some high-end cosmetics, Bollag says.  She suspects that this sort of two-punch combination, could help keep early signs of psoriasis at bay and, with more advanced disease, use existing psoriasis treatments to get the skin condition under control then start applying glycerin to help keep it that way. Bollag and her colleagues reported in 2018 in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology that in a mouse model of psoriasis, phosphtidylglycerol reduced inflammation and the characteristic raised skin lesions of psoriasis.  While its exact cause is unclear, psoriasis is an immune-mediated condition and patients have higher levels of inflammation, as well as too many skin cells being produced then maturing abnormally. The heightened inflammation also puts them at increased risk for problems like heart disease. Biologics used to treat psoriasis work different ways to stem this overactive immune response but in addition to their high cost, can put the patient at risk for problems like serious infections and cancer. The only side effect she has seen in about 20 years of working with glycerin and the clinical and cosmetic use already out there, is it can leave the skin feeling slightly sticky. Our bodies can make glycerol from the carbohydrates, proteins and fats that we eat or already have in our body.    

In this episode Jonathan Rosenfeld chats with Martin D. Gould an Attorney at Romanucci & Blandin, LLC. Here, they discuss: Zantac Lawsuit Update 2021   Read the Transcript Download the PDF Jonathan Rosenfeld: Hello. I am Jonathan Rosenfeld, and today I am joined by my colleague Marty Gould, and we are going to talk about the Zantac litigation. Marty, first off, thank you for joining me today. I appreciate it. Marty Gould: Thanks for having me on, Jon. Jonathan Rosenfeld: Marty, to begin with I want to talk about Zantac lawsuits in 2021. I'd like you to bring us up to date in terms of what the status of the Zantac litigation is. Lots of cases have been filed, lots of news headlines, but can you bring us up to date in terms of where the litigation stands as of today in 2021? Marty Gould: Sure. Thanks for having me on, Jon. In terms of where we're at with the Zantac cases, hundreds and hundreds of cases have been filed across the country, thousands of cases. They've been consolidated into a multi-district litigation in Florida, in the Southern District of Florida. This is done for efficiency purposes so that the discovery in the case can be performed at the same time and you don't have different rulings in hundreds of different courts. Each case is still an individual case because everybody's injuries and exposures are different, but this stage of the case is all being done at the same time. We can expect some of the first trials, what's called bellwether trials, to go at the end of 2022, that's that's the hope. And that will give us a good assessment of what's going to happen with this litigation. Jonathan Rosenfeld: So one of the things that is related to every single type of civil action is the statute of limitations, the time that you have to file a lawsuit. How does the statute of limitations come into play with respect to Zantac lawsuits? In other words, if someone's watching this and they think they may have a potential case, and they're asking you, how long do I have to file a case? How would you respond to that? Marty Gould: Well the first question I would ask is, in what State did you take Zantac? So one of the most important things is for a client, or potential client, to immediately call a lawyer and have them assess their case, because the statute of limitations that would apply would be the one, typically, where the exposure happened, so where the client was buying the Zantac, taking it. And that State's statute of limitations for personal injury cases, for product liability cases, would apply. So that's why it's very important for somebody who may have a case to immediately call a lawyer experienced in this type of case, and find out when your statute of limitations is. Jonathan Rosenfeld: In terms of civil cases, everything ultimately comes down to one thing, it's really about getting compensation, getting financial compensation for your particular injury, for your particular situation. In terms of the Zantac cases, a lot of times people are asking, is there a set payout for a Zantac lawsuit? What is the average settlement for a Zantac case? We know that these cases are still really much in their infancy as far as the litigation goes, but can you give us an idea as to the elements of damages in these cases, and how they may be valued? Marty Gould: So, like you mentioned, we're still in ?he earlier stages of the case, there's no cases that have settled yet. Every case is going to be different, the value of the case is going to be contingent on the individual diagnosis, the treatment, and the experience of that person. These are people who have cancer, many of them are undergoing chemotherapy, invasive surgeries. Some people have lost loved ones, these are catastrophic injuries. So in a personal injury case like this, you can pursue compensation for physical and emotional, pain and suffering, lost wages, lost earning capacity. If you lost a loved one, loss of society, loss of support, emotional distress. These are all things that you can legally seek compensation for, and everybody's case is going to be a little bit different based off their experiences, but these are very serious cases, and they're being treated as very serious cases. Jonathan Rosenfeld: So potentially, people could be looking at substantial damages just in terms of their past and future medical care alone, in some of these situations, correct? Marty Gould: Exactly. And you can get the past medical expenses, which can be significant in a cancer case, future medical care, monitoring of somebody's cancer in those cases where someone, hopefully, has survived and is in remission. And at the end of the day, we're alleging that lives were lost, families were ruined, these are very serious and catastrophic injuries, and that's the way these cases should be treated. Jonathan Rosenfeld: Now, one of the things that people also look at, and when I say people look at, a lot of times you can see what is trending on the internet, but one of things that comes up periodically is, has anyone won a Zantac lawsuit as of today, as of August 2021? I think you mentioned earlier that these cases are really early on in terms of their litigation, but if someone's looking and saying, hey, has anyone won a Zantac lawsuit, the short answer is, what? Marty Gould: The short answer, Jon, is no. Nobody has tried these cases yet. The discovery is still ongoing, there's a lot being done right now. The goal is to have trials go in 2022. The expectation is probably toward the end of the year, there's much that has to be done before that. And those will be the bellwether cases, those first cases going to trial, which will be critical and important in terms of assessing what's going to happen with this litigation. Jonathan Rosenfeld: In terms of who can file a Zantac lawsuit, who would qualify to file a lawsuit against the manufacturer of Zantac under the guidelines that we're using as of today? Is it the individual? Is it the family? Is it both? Can you give us an idea as to who may qualify to bring a case? Marty Gould: Sure. So in terms of who may bring the case, typically it would be the person who took the Zantac and has cancer. If it's a situation where, tragically, that person has already died, the family can bring the case on behalf of that loved one, so they would bring the case as the administrators of the estate of the family member who is now deceased. The criteria that we're looking at is, did the individual take Zantac on a daily or regular basis for at least six months, and after taking Zantac, were you diagnosed with any of the following cancers? And these are cancers that are most closely associated with links to NDMA and the gastrointestinal system which the drug was impacting. Those cancers are stomach and gastric cancer, intestinal cancer, bladder cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and breast cancer. But every case is different, so that's why it's very important to speak to a lawyer who can tell you whether or not you meet that criteria. Jonathan Rosenfeld: If someone's watching this video and they're saying to themselves, "You know what? I may have one of those conditions. I did take Zantac for a long period of time, but I don't have that product with me anymore. I either stopped taking it, I threw out." How does someone prove that they took Zantac at some point in their lives? Marty Gould: Step one is we always ask the potential client, do you have the Zantac box at your house? If you do, you want to preserve it, that's something that we're going to want to hold on to. That aside, there's many different ways where we can prove that you took Zantac. If there's any receipts from purchases, from like a Walgreens or CVS or any other drug store, medical records, sometimes there's going to be references to the fact that you were taking Zantac, or you might've been prescribed Zantac from your doctor, and that certainly will be in the record. Local pharmacy records, oftentimes people had rewards programs, rewards cards, where their name and their entire history of the drugs that they purchased at the store are documented. Marty Gould: And even in cases where you don't have any of that, this is something that could have been purchased over the counter, the testimony of the witness or family members, that's also evidence. We get an affidavit from you, or if you take a deposition and you say that you are purchasing Zantac, that's evidence in the case, or if you have a family member who can attest to that. Jonathan Rosenfeld: So bottom line is, don't let the lack of immediate physical evidence dissuade you from bringing a potential case and filing a claim, correct? Marty Gould: Correct. So, in the Roundup cases, many people, they would sign off on affidavit attesting and the fact that they had purchased Roundup, or they were exposed to Roundup, in their backyard, gardening and what have you. So the testimony alone is also evidence in the case, in addition to everything else we talked about. Jonathan Rosenfeld: Marty, one of the, I guess, types of litigation that this falls under, that Zantac falls under, is this considered to be a mass tort? And the word mass tort seems to get thrown around a lot. Can you explain to us what a mass tort is, and what a class action is? Are they pretty much the same? Are they different? Give us a little bit of a breakdown of that, and how you would categorize the Zantac litigation. Marty Gould: So, we're taking these cases on as mass torts, and that's because we treat every client and every case as a separate case. Everybody had different exposures, different injuries resulting, and everybody's experiences are different. Some people tragically lost loved ones, some people beat the cancer. So these are all factors that are taken into a case, but in terms of how the case is managed, these are being managed as a multi-district litigation, where you have one judge who's presiding over essentially all the cases in the pre-trial stages. So you have rulings regarding discovery matters that are being handled in a consistent manner, and then cases are being tried on an individual basis, where the individual merits of each case is being tried. That's important too, because in some cases, people really did have catastrophic losses and that's important for the jury and the defendants to understand that. Marty Gould: In terms of a class action, it's similar in the respect that you have one court overseeing the discovery process, but you have a few plaintiffs that are filing a case representing the entire class. So each individual isn't necessarily having their case looked at, in an individual capacity. And in a class action case, generally, everybody gets the same amount of recovery. They have the same case, same amount of recovery, rather than having individual recoveries based off of individual experiences. Jonathan Rosenfeld: So in the case of Zantac, and Roundup, where there's what's called an MDL that you mentioned, the damages and the cases are evaluated on an individual basis, as opposed to a holistic base where the damages are looked at on a specific basis, case by case basis, correct? Marty Gould: Exactly. Jonathan Rosenfeld: Marty, this was great information. I appreciate your time and your expertise with these updates, and I look forward to talking with you again as these cases continue to churn through the litigation process. Thank you. Marty Gould: Thanks for having me on.

Are you having a hard time achieving good health? Do you find that no matter what you try, you can't seem to hit your fitness goals? It's not really your fault — wellness is hard to achieve when the food industry sells unhealthy food. Fortunately, there's a way out.  In this episode, Prof Grant Schofield shares how we can optimise our metabolic health in the modern environment. He discusses the advantages of being metabolically flexible, especially for athletes. We also talk about how sugar addiction and chronic stress can lead to severe physical and mental consequences. Likewise, we delve into the importance of making research more understandable for people.  If you want to improve your health and achieve a state of healthy metabolic balance, then this episode is for you!   Get Customised Guidance for Your Genetic Make-Up For our epigenetics health programme, all about optimising your fitness, lifestyle, nutrition and mind performance to your particular genes, go to  https://www.lisatamati.com/page/epigenetics-and-health-coaching/.   Customised Online Coaching for Runners CUSTOMISED RUN COACHING PLANS — How to Run Faster, Be Stronger, Run Longer  Without Burnout & Injuries Have you struggled to fit in training in your busy life? Maybe you don't know where to start, or perhaps you have done a few races but keep having motivation or injury troubles? Do you want to beat last year's time or finish at the front of the pack? Want to run your first 5-km or run a 100-miler? ​​Do you want a holistic programme that is personalised & customised to your ability, goals, and lifestyle?  Go to www.runninghotcoaching.com for our online run training coaching.   Health Optimisation and Life Coaching If you are struggling with a health issue and need people who look outside the square and are connected to some of the greatest science and health minds in the world, then reach out to us at support@lisatamati.com, we can jump on a call to see if we are a good fit for you. If you have a big challenge ahead, are dealing with adversity, or want to take your performance to the next level and want to learn how to increase your mental toughness, emotional resilience, foundational health, and more, then contact us at support@lisatamati.com.   Order My Books My latest book Relentless chronicles the inspiring journey about how my mother and I defied the odds after an aneurysm left my mum Isobel with massive brain damage at age 74. The medical professionals told me there was absolutely no hope of any quality of life again, but I used every mindset tool, years of research and incredible tenacity to prove them wrong and bring my mother back to full health within three years. Get your copy here: https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books/products/relentless. For my other two best-selling books Running Hot and Running to Extremes, chronicling my ultrarunning adventures and expeditions all around the world, go to https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books.   Lisa's Anti-Ageing and Longevity Supplements  NMN: Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, an NAD+ precursor Feel Healthier and Younger* Researchers have found that Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide or NAD+, a master regulator of metabolism and a molecule essential for the functionality of all human cells, is being dramatically decreased over time. What is NMN? NMN Bio offers a cutting edge Vitamin B3 derivative named NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) that can boost the levels of NAD+ in muscle tissue and liver. Take charge of your energy levels, focus, metabolism and overall health so you can live a happy, fulfilling life. Founded by scientists, NMN Bio offers supplements of the highest purity and rigorously tested by an independent, third party lab. Start your cellular rejuvenation journey today. Support Your Healthy Ageing We offer powerful, third party tested, NAD+ boosting supplements so you can start your healthy ageing journey today. Shop now: https://nmnbio.nz/collections/all NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 250mg | 30 capsules NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 500mg | 30 capsules 6 Bottles | NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 250mg | 30 Capsules 6 Bottles | NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 500mg | 30 Capsules Quality You Can Trust — NMN Our premium range of anti-ageing nutraceuticals (supplements that combine Mother Nature with cutting edge science) combats the effects of aging while designed to boost NAD+ levels. Manufactured in an ISO9001 certified facility Boost Your NAD+ Levels — Healthy Ageing: Redefined Cellular Health Energy & Focus Bone Density Skin Elasticity DNA Repair Cardiovascular Health Brain Health  Metabolic Health   My  ‘Fierce' Sports Jewellery Collection For my gorgeous and inspiring sports jewellery collection, 'Fierce', go to https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/lisa-tamati-bespoke-jewellery-collection.   Here are three reasons why you should listen to the full episode: Discover how to become metabolically flexible and fat-adapted. Find out the truth about the keto diet and its effect on your metabolic health. Learn how chronic stress can lead to severe brain damage.    Resources Gain exclusive access and bonuses to Pushing the Limits Podcast by becoming a patron!  Harness the power of NAD and NMN for anti-aging and longevity with NMN Bio.  Listen to other Pushing the Limits episodes: #183: Sirtuins and NAD Supplements for Longevity with Dr Elena Seranova #189: Understanding Autophagy and Increasing Your Longevity with Dr Elena Seranova Connect with Prof Grant: Website | Facebook What The Fat? Book PreKure: A place where you'll learn about health & wellness From Prof Grant's blog: Who cares about what humans have eaten in the past? How to reverse the diabetes epidemic in 3 years. Fast This Way by Dave Asprey Patrick McKeown and James Nestor  ‎Huberman Lab Podcast by Dr Andrew Huberman    Episode Highlights [03:34] Prof Grant's Background Grant liked science and sports from his early childhood. He wanted to study physical education in university, but his family told him to take up engineering. He eventually ended up studying physiology and psychology.  Grant then got into triathlons while he started his academic and research career.  He focuses on fitness, nutrition, sleep, and well being. He has written books on fasting and diets for reversing sicknesses and enhancing performance.  [10:41] Metabolic Flexibility Can Be Trained A long time ago, humans used fat as a primary fuel source when resting and moving around.  In contrast, the modern, average person doesn't burn fat, especially when at rest. Grant thinks that people can reverse this and train to be metabolically flexible.  People who have metabolic inflexibility tend to have a low supply of readily available energy.  Grant prescribed a diet and workout training programme to a client. This person eventually became fat-adapted and broke a record in the triathlon he joined.  [17:54] The Truth About the Keto Diet The initial process of getting into the keto diet is strict, but after around three weeks, however, it becomes sustainable. Unless you have therapeutic reasons to do so, you don't need to stick to the keto diet all the time.  Some people believe that the keto diet isn't good because our genetic ancestors had short lifespans. Grant and Lisa argue that the cavemen's lifespans were shorter because of other reasons. [24:18] The Addictiveness of Food Lisa thinks that the quality of our food is horrific: a lot of processed food is unhealthy and addictive. Grant also observed this through his research.  Sugar, in particular, is often overused in our food.  Sugar addiction can be especially harmful because our bodies are not predisposed to coping with it.  The food industry has many tactics to make unhealthy, addicting food sound healthy.  Listen to the whole episode to hear Grant's research and battling the food industry's tactics. [34:57] The Metabolic and Mental Health Crisis Mental health problems are becoming more and more prevalent amongst New Zealand youth.  Because of the faulty healthcare system, the youth often turn to medicine for their mental health problems.  We have a metabolic crisis involving obesity, diabetes and the brain. Our metabolic balance can be interrupted by antidepressants. Instead of taking medicine, Lisa thinks the youth should be taught how to manage their health better. [43:41] About Glutamate and Stress Our brains produce glutamate when we are stressed. There is an inhibitory system called GABA that inhibits the effects of glutamate. When you are chronically stressed, this amino acid keeps getting pumped out and can overwhelm your brain. Too much glutamate in our system can kill our brain cells and damage the brain.  You can combat glutamate toxicity through various methods. Learn how when you listen to the full episode! [58:02] Making Science Understandable for Everyone Lisa mentions the works of Patrick McKeown and James Nestor.  Grant applauds their approach of translating science into something understandable while not dumbing it down.  Lisa thinks that most health systems treat most people as idiots and don't explain the science behind health well. [1:03:26] Grant's Parting Advice It's difficult to reach a state of good health and homeostasis in our current world. However, it's not impossible. Grant advocates for everyone to use their voice to overwhelm the industries that promote unhealthy living.   7 Powerful Quotes From This Episode ‘The thing is, with addictions, of course, is that people go because everyone is not addicted to it, doesn't mean it's not a thing.'   ‘Sugar is definitely one of those things that is one of the hardest addictions I think, not that I've been addicted to anything else but it's a bloody hard addiction to get rid of and stay on top of.'   ‘We're fighting a war here, and we've got kids that are already diabetic and before they're even teenagers, and this is a coming huge disaster for the healthcare system.'   ‘We've got a metabolic crisis with obesity and diabetes, but guess what? The most important metabolic organ is your brain.'   'Now I understand the need for health fundamentals like sleep, hygiene, and movement, and exercise, and sunshine, and the right diet, because diet is a huge piece of the puzzle because your gut and your brain are connected.'   ‘We weren't designed for long-term stress. We're designed for acute fight or flight.'   ‘Let's treat people as if they have got a brain in the head. Just because they don't know the jargon. You can explain the jargon.'   About Prof Grant Prof Grant Schofield is a Professor of Public Health at Auckland University of Technology and the director of the university's Human Potential Centre (HPC). His research and teaching interests include wellbeing and chronic disease prevention. Prof Schofield is committed to unlocking people's peak performance through consulting. His motto: 'be the best you can be'. Grant has been interested in human health and performance ever since he started his career. He first took up psychology, went into sport and exercise psychology, then into public health. Prof Schofield has a diverse background and has an interest in biology, medicine, public health, and productivity management. He covers various health topics in his blog and book. If you want to connect with Prof Grant, you can follow him on Facebook.     Enjoyed This Podcast? If you did, be sure to subscribe and share it with your friends! Post a review and share it! If you enjoyed tuning in, then leave us a review. You can also share this with your family and friends so they can learn how to optimise their health. Have any questions? You can contact me through email (support@lisatamati.com) or find me on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube. For more episode updates, visit my website. You may also tune in on Apple Podcasts. To pushing the limits, Lisa   Full Transcript Of The Podcast Welcome to Pushing the Limits, the show that helps you reach your full potential with your host Lisa Tamati, brought to you by lisatamati.com.  Lisa Tamati: Well, hi everyone and welcome back to Pushing the Limits. This week I have another wonderful professor with me who is going to share some insights and the latest research and I'm really, really excited for this interview. I have Professor Grant Schofield, who is the Professor of Public Health at Auckland University of Technology. He's also the director of the University's Human Potential Center, located at Millennium Campus up in Auckland. His interests lie with dealing with chronic disease and well being and prevention around degenerative diseases, obesity, metabolic disorders. He's a very, very interesting man, he's written a number of books along with his team. I think you're going to really enjoy this conversation. We're pretty frank and upfront about our beliefs, and they're very much aligned so I really enjoyed this talk with Professor Grant Schofield.  Before we head over to the show, just a reminder to check out our patron program, www.patron.lisatamati.com, and I'd also love you to check out our flagship epigenetics program. Our epigenetics is all about understanding your own genes, and how to optimize them for your best health. So looking at areas from your food, to your exercise to the what times of the day to do things, your chronobiology, that's called looking at your mood and behavior, your what parts of the brain you use most dominantly, and this is a very powerful program that has changed really, hundreds of lives. We've now used it for a number of years in the corporate space, as well as in the athletic space, as well as with people dealing with different health issues. So if you want to find out more, go to lisatamati.com and hit the work with us button and you'll see our Peak Epigenetics program.  We've also got out Running Hot Coaching. Don't forget that, www.runninghotcoaching.com is the website to go for our online run training system. It's all personalized, customized to you to your next big goal, you get video analysis, a consult with me all in the basic package and plan for your next event, including everything from your strength to your mobility workouts, as well as your run sessions and advice around eating and mindset. So check that out at runninghotcoaching.com. Right, over to Professor Grant Schofield at the Millennium Center in Auckland.  Well, hi, everyone, and welcome back to Pushing the Limits. Today, I have a superstar. I have a guest that I'm really, really excited about speaking to because this is a very learned gentleman and an elite athlete and someone who I greatly admire. I have Professor Grant Schofield to guest. Welcome to the show. I'm glad to have you, Grant!  Prof Grant Schofield: Hey, Lisa. Yeah, thanks for having me. And, yeah, I've been following you from a distance for years. And you know, just enjoying your achievements love, and it's so great to have you on the show. Lisa: And likewise in reverse. So thank you very much. It's a real honor. So today we, I reckon we just gonna dive into some of the stuff that you've been researching and what's on your mind at the moment, because you've got so many areas that I could go down, you know, looking at high fat diets and obesity and diabetes and prevention. Then we can look at the weight paper that you've just recently released, which I've, I just studied and went, ‘Wow, that was all about glutamate and toxicity and all that'. Well, that's new, that was all new to me. So which direction and firstly, give us a bit of an introduction to you in your background and your sporting career and all of that sort of stuff. Grant: Yeah. So, like, I'd always, something that always interests me in my life is things that I was sort of good at, and I was only good at it because I like doing them was, not so much school, but science and biology. I just liked it. I just like learning about that stuff. I was right from the very start of school and this is just something that continued to happen. I also like doing sports. I was just like one of those kids who is into the sports and I was okay. It was like, every New Zealand kid plays rugby. I wasn't that great, but I played it, you know, I've got on the 15 rugby and all this sort of stuff and that sort of thing. And the school I said also had rowing as a sport, which Yeah, and they did a performance level. So it was to win the national championships. And they so, the crews I was in, trained hard. And there was high-performance aspects, as long as they were in hindsight of nutrition and psychology and training and the broad range of things that good teenage athletes get involved with.  Then of course, they don't finish as when you finish the school, and I sort of found myself, thought I'll go to uni. My dad was an engineer and he thought I should go to, I wanted to go to do physical education. That was the main thing I was interested in, and my family sort of pulled me out of it and told me I should have gone to engineering. I lasted a week in there. It obviously wasn't for me. But I ended up in a degree studying physiology and psychology, just a science degree because that's what I found interesting. And then I went from, not really been that interested all of sudden getting these A-pluses. I didn't think I was brainy. But it was just, you know, I was just used to go to lectures, and not really take notes, and just listen and ask questions, and it was really interesting. But because I wasn't that mature, there was never a point in my life early on where I was like, Grant Schofield is now capable of getting a decent job where someone's going to employ him, and he's going to make some difference to the world. That wasn't a thing, right?  Lisa: Yeah.  Grant: So I couldn't finish this one degree and go and get a job because I wasn't capable of doing any work. I didn't think I could at the time. But that's the reality in hindsight, right? So. Of course, this is the early 90s. And this sport of triathlon was coming on the scene where I live in New Zealand, there was these great personalities like Erin Baker, another woman, Erin Christie, another one, Rick Wells, and, just to a young person, and then I ended up, you know, going out training with quite large, and a lot of these people, and I just got into the sport. The thing is about endurance, especially longer, it's as you know, what, you need to be sort of mentally tough, the pain's a lot softer than something like rowing or, or, you know, measuring 3,000 meters running or, you know, 400-800 meter swimming, these are sports with a piano actually does fall hard on you. And so that sort of softer pain of the— Lisa: Softer, longer.  Grant: Longer. Lisa: There's all the pains that come with it, yeah.  Grant:  But it's more of a, it's more of a thinking person sport, right, because you get to work through that. Whereas, you know, in a 400-meter is something that you don't get to work through anything. It's just falling on you, the cut score is coming in. And so I really love that stuff. And so I just did more and more of I just want to do nothing but that. The mindset of the endurance ethic that just wants to do more and more and more. Luckily, I sort of carried on with my studies and then started my academic career. And then I became a psychologist, I'm actually quite useless at psychology because, mainly because I want to give people the answer. And of course, you know, good psychological counseling is about asking open-ended questions, reflective listening, and waiting for the client to come up with a solution, which is absolutely hopeless. As my wife would tell you—  Lisa: You're an action orientated guy, like no, there is the solution here.  Grant: Yeah. This is why this is the problem for us. It's this sort that out. By then, by the early 2000s, when it really just dawned on us that our kids didn't look like we did when we were kids.  Lisa: Yeah.  Grant: You can look. I actually was reflecting on the other day, I looked at my photo of Twizel Primary School, Year One in 1974. And, yeah, by modern standards, people will be wondering if those kids are properly fed, why the teachers are so lean. And you compare that with a modern day Year One primary school class, or later, and it's a different world we lived in.  So that was the early 2000s, that world had unfolded, right? So didn't, wasn't the same.  Lisa: It's scary. Grant: And as fit as I used to be, they weren't the same shape they used to be and we wondered why. And so that was really the field that welcomed me, which was that topic of nutrition. Lisa: Wow. So that's where you got into, yeah. Grant: Yeah, yeah, just didn't mean to. And then, you know, all of a sudden, I guess my research career's followed my curiosity around the world. So when you're, when you've got young kids, you're interested in young kids. When you've got teenagers, youngsters, young teenagers, When I was racing, elite, high performance, triathlons, we're interested in that. And thankfully, being an academic, it allows you to, especially in my field, allows you the freedom to roam around those and understand those different things. So I've sort of had a, maybe it's a short concentration span, but effectively just a curiosity to keep rolling my research career and practice. Lisa: It's really good that you can do that with an academic career sort of go go like this and still stay— Grant: You can't go off into sort of, you know, rocket propulsion or something, but, you know, yeah, as long as I stick it to the main things, which are being sort of fitness, nutrition, sleep, well being, then those sort of four things combined, have really been my wheelhouse. But in different, the settings, and the context seems to often change. And then you just, you'll do some work and you'll discover what you think an answer is, or not an answer is, it's a dead end or it's actually got places to go, then you're sort of done with it, and you're on to the next sort of variation of something.  So that's sort of been my life. So the latter stuff is really, we've done a lot of work on low-carb and keto diets, fasting, written quite a few books on that.  Lisa: Yeah, What the Fat? and— Grant: And yeah, yeah, and so that's been really interesting for me, you know, for, for reversing things like diabetes at one end of the spectrum, sort of net, sort of metabolic dysregulation, through to the other end of a high performance.  I'm an athlete, so I coach still, you know, being able to triple their ability to burn free fatty acids at a given intensity and really have a pretty much inexhaustible fuel supply. Before that, they would, you know, really run out of glycogen and struggle through the enjoyment and performance of an event. So— Lisa: Let's start with that one, just if I may interrupt you there, because it's, you know, something that's fascinated me. When I was, you know, active career, I'd never become fat-adapted as an athlete. Your take is that, should endurance athletes be always fat-adapted? Or is it a genetic thing some people are good at, and some people are less so? What is your take on it now, like, given the knowledge that you have and the experience? Grant: So I think that the normal human condition, if you wander up to a Paleolithic human before we started farming grains and wheat and stuff, that sort of hunter gatherers that they would have enjoyed this metabolic flexibility to use fat as a primary fuel source when are resting and moving around low intensities, and then as they got higher and higher intensity, then they would have supplemented that fat burning with extra energy produced from burning glucose in the body. But that doesn't exist. So commonly, and so we're just in the normal human state that lets you burn fat in some circumstances, and carbs and fat in other circumstance.  But if you went down to the local Westfield shopping mall and went to the food hall, and you you bought all those people up to my lab and put them on our metabolic card and measured there, because you can measure both breath by breath gas analysis and understand whether they've been in primarily fat or carbohydrate or whatever mix of. So we do that sort of graded exercise tissue stop at risk, just breathing into the tube. The machine's analyzing fat and carb burning, and as you increase your intensity, like running speed or power on the bike, then you just see this greater change.  Now, your average person off the street in the food hall doesn't burn fat, even at rest. So they're metabolically inflexible. Yep. And then the question is, can you train that? And can you train that even on high performance athletes? I think the answer is yes, and I'll give you a good example. There's a young fellow I trained, Matt Kurt and what I mean, saying this. I've trained him for a few years now. So he came from a CrossFit background. He was a fit young man. Yeah, he would be eating mostly carbs, actually. Lisa: Yeah, we were all told back in the day.  Grant: Yeah, totally. So he wanted me to help him prepare for an Ironman triathlon. And so I started training him and say, on an April one year so over in New Zealand winter, didn't really mention diet, because we couldn't seem to get to that but we sort of got on the on the idea that he had to go bike riding, and what running would look like, and it was learning the sports. And by December, he did his first triathlon, which was a 70.3, sort of half Ironman, with a view to going through the Ironman in New Zealand three months later and beginning of March, and he did pretty well actually, like it came fourth overall in the amateurs, so he is talented young man, and he's a swimmer. He could hit a bike, he could run a bit. But I knew he was a cub and I was like, I need to put you in my lab and we need to measure your fuel burning on that.  So in early December, we got them in there and his peak fat oxidation was about half a gram, a minute, at about 165 watts in the box. So it's not very good power, output is not going to be very fast. And he's only getting because a gram of fat has about nine calories, he's spending half of one of those a minute over 60 minutes. He's got about 400 to 500 calories an hour available from fat, and you know, he's going to be racing at 1200 calories an hour.  Lisa: Yeah.  Grant: So over several hours, yeah. He's simply is going to run into all sorts of trouble, because he's got this deficit of 800 calories an hour, he needs to find from glucose. He's got probably 2000 calories that he's got in his muscles and liver. He can consume another couple of 100 by eating gels and stuff, or bananas or something. So he's woefully short. And so it means he can just make a half, I mean, over four hours. We probably have eight or nine hours, he's going to grovel home. He's going to be a really bad mess. And that's what you see. It's always frustrated me. I got things like Ironman Triathlon, they sort of, 8-15 hour events, or 17 hour events for people.  And I think the saddest thing for me is, first of all this, two thirds of the fittest still mimics the general population, which is overweight.  Lisa: Yeah.  Grant: And virtually all of them run out of glucose or glycogen and their body, sometimes during the bike or shortly into the run. And so the whole marathon experience for them is a very unpleasant affair. They don't like doing it, they finally make it, it's been a real drain on, and they've had so much support from their friends and family over that preparation period, and it was all avoidable. So with Matt, within a mile, we're like, what this is going to happen with you, Matt. So we're stuck on a strict keto diet for three weeks, his training over that period was fairly low intensity, we didn't really go for any intensity up until after the new year period. And then just sit them on to Iron Man training, and that includes his long run and his long bike which he did weekly, and I've been doing them fasted. Yeah, so with just water. People find that a little bit extreme but his intensity is really low. We'd go out and do you know, like a six hour bike in the end that with no food, and he'd be fine.  Lisa: And that's the thing, you're adapted.  Grant: You get adapted. And so going back into the lab just before Iron Man, and he'd improved his maximum fat oxidation from half a gram a minute at 165 watts or something, to 1.1 grams a minute at 260 watts.  Lisa: Wow.  Grant: So now he's able to supply 800 calories an hour from fat, and he can do it at 260 watts, which is actually a reasonably competitive pair out, but he's going to get along at you know, 39, 40 calories an hour.  Lisa: Wow.  Grant: And yeah, and so in his first, second ever triathlon, in his first Iron Man, he does, he finishes, I don't know, the top 10 and 9 hours 22. So good effort.  Lisa: That's amazing. Grant: Yeah, we come back the next year, now with a bit more training on his belt, and he can he manages 8 hours 50. Wow. And this year, he comes back and he wins the entire age group race by half an hour, breaks the course record by seven minutes and does 8:27. And I got him back in the lab straight after that. And what we saw as further fed adaptation over that two-year period, so now he is able to burn 1.8 grams a minute of fat at 310 watts, and that's an astonishing power output. So 310 watts, yeah, you're doing 42 Ks an hour, on a decent course. And that's, he rode 4 hours 29 480 Ks, it's an astonishing time, especially for a guy who's working full time as a teacher. Lisa: That's insane. Grant: So that's what we mean by being metabolically flexible, and, and becoming a real fat-burning machine. Lisa: But what about the arguments about you know, I mean, keto diet is a very difficult diet for people to, if we're talking about the general population now, and it's quite a hard diet to stick to, long term. What about adherence to things? Do you have to be strictly keto? Do you have to be really low on your carbs in order to get the ketones and be in ketosis and to get this fat adaptation? Is there any middle ground? Can you— Grant: Oh, yeah, yeah. It's a great question. I mean, the series of questions you got there, Lisa, are just crucial. And the answer is, initially getting into that. as I'm, for that three, it's very strict. And so that's three weeks. After that, it's very much cyclical. So we generate nutritional ketosis and fat burning by fasted long workouts. And on other cases during the week, we're adding carbohydrates quite a bit. So it's definitely not a strict ketogenic diet at all. And we'll have off periods where he's just eating whatever. In fact, I have trouble trying to get him off the ketone to be a bit more loose, frankly. But that's, that's an athlete, not a normal human, in that sense. This is why I introduced the idea of fasting and intermittent fasting and I'm quite keen on that. And for me, what the fast what I tried to sort of mimic what I felt was an easy, sustainable, cyclical way for me to eat that generated fat burning. Lisa: And pursued it with autophagy? We're all talking about intermittent fasting and I do it like an intermittent fasting, a short-ish intermittent fasting. Is that going to this, I'm not gonna get into ketosis doing an intermittent fasting. Grant: So I just, I would do this sort of pattern of Sunday, try and be reasonably good on the low carb, just eat whatever I wanted. But try and be okay with it. Monday, do some restricted eating windows. So you know, might be, a longest window. Someone who's experienced like me, I could just have one meal that day, and the Tuesday I just did the same thing. So you know, and when I hit a meal I made sure it was super filling, super nutritious, I was calling that super meals. So that's my, that's my Monday and Tuesday, my hard parts of the week, right I worked hard and I concentrated hard on my freshly generated nutritional ketosis. By Monday lunchtime, despite the weekend, Saturday being quite poor, I was back in full ketosis.  I made a bit of an effort, I managed to sort of hang on to some stuff with no real particular restriction but trying to keep the carbs down for Wednesday, Thursday. By the end of Friday, everything had sort of gone pretty loose. And Saturday it was, could be, sometimes off the route is completely out of nutritional ketosis and plenty of carbs, even the odd bit of alcohol, which I'm not encouraging, by the way, but that just seems to happen sometimes.  Lisa: Yeah. And we've got to live, too, Grant: Yeah, yeah. So I'd be completely out of ketosis and in no shape for that at all. But by Monday morning, I'll be back in again. So I just get this period.  Lisa: So you can do that. It's been my question today is like, do I, if I go to keto, you know, go the keto diet. Do you have to do it as a religion? This is me. And then you get people like Dave Asprey and and if you read his book, Fast This Way, and that, he talks about cyclic keto, and how that's even better than just being straight keto, because keto itself can have some negative benefits. Dr Grant: Yeah, I completely agree. And so unless you're wanting to be on keto, for some sort of therapeutic resume, I said, you know, glioblastoma, brain cancer or brain injury like a TBI, I think so. Interesting thing, some other cancers, or you're in chemotherapy, then I don't see any reason to be in that state all the time. But the point is having a bit of bollock machinery to be able to be and easily get in and out. My hypothesis is the Paleolithic one, which is really that humans are metabolically flexible, it's the normal human condition and to see modern humans that have really lost their orchestration of the metabolism to, to burn fat as a primary fuel sources as a sort of denying your own humanity type situation without being too dramatic about it, really. Lisa: But yeah, if we, I was reading one of your blogs, and you hit another, Dr Lisa Te Morenga, I think it was, saying, oh, but you know, like, if we look at from an evolutionary perspective, the caveman because this is an argument that I've had with people too, oh, but the cavemen didn't live very long, so therefore, it's not a good diet. To say that that's, but that's not a bit that helped us survive till now. You know, like we— Grant: I think that's a complete straw man of an argument, by the way.  Lisa: Yeah, I think so too. Grant: I mean, I think, you know, I mean, first of all, while the average lifespan, is fairly low for people, it's just for other reasons!  Lisa: It's for other reasons.  Grant: So if you didn't have those reasons, your actual survival was pretty good. And actually, the important thing to remember is that Paleolithic humans didn't have chronic disease. So they didn't have this, these, what is it a New Zealand at the moment, 12 years of disability in their life before they died, which, so subtract 12 off your lifespan, to get your health span, to health span, span with the same thing. And also question about that. Lisa: We don't have infant mortality, like they did. And we didn't have lions chasing us, and we've got all these other things that make us live longer. But now we have to take even more care of our metabolic state, in order that we don't have these long term. And I mean, I've been living with the consequences of mom's metabolic disorders, leading to an aneurysm, for the past five years, and trying to undo the damage. You know, what I'm talking about is like, in that decline that we see with so many people for over decades, sometimes, and it's just a horrific way to go out for starters. Grant: You know, I don't think anyone, if you ask them when they're in good health, about how they want the rest of their life to track, says they want to be in poor health with a low health span. I don't think that's a topic that people raise as being a good thing.  Lisa: No.  Grant: It's my experience. When I ask even people who aren't doing many healthy behaviors of what they want, then they'll say health, family, friends and happiness, whatever that means. But they, yeah, Lisa: yeah. And I think this is the discussion that we need to be having, so that we find out what the optimum diet is. People I know, I've struggled with my diet over the years. One of the reasons I started running was because I wanted to eat more, because I love food. And then, then I suddenly, at some point, I realized, this hypothesis of calories in calories out is absolute bullshit. This isn't working and that really came to you know, people who hear my podcasts and hear me say when I ran through New Zealand, and I just suddenly woke up. I was running 500 kilometers a week. Yeah, and I was getting fatter because I was in a complete state of chaos. You know, my hormones were up, my water retention, all of that sort of—  Grant: High amount of inflammation, probably.  Lisa: Huge amounts of inflammation. And I ended up flaccid, losing muscle mass and getting fatter and having a slower metabolic rate. I could have sat on the couch and eaten chips and gotten better, you know, in shape?  Grant: Yeah.  Lisa: So that's when a light bulb went for me, and then it also had other reasons like genetically I'm not really made for the long distance stuff, I'm more the high intensity, shorter, sharper, is more suited to me. So I was doing that wrong as well, because some people, it's better to be doing the long. But I think having these discussions where we really dig in, and you've done the research, you know, what, from an evolutionary perspective, what we need to be eating. The state of our food now is horrific. Then you, you add into all that the whole addictive nature of all the stuff and the additives, or preservatives, the MSGs for all of the sugars that are added to our phones, and people are up against it. Like, you know, you can't even— Grant: Yeah, I agree. Those two topics that might be worth going into those, I've got two— Lisa: Yes, please. Grant: —sort of bases, working in both those areas, the first you mentioned, like you go out, the state of our food supply. So what we've been doing recently is we've been going to primary schools around the place. And we've been taking photos of all the year sixes' lunchboxes. And whatever you think, particularly on what we call that social gradient, that sort of tipping of rich versus poor at the bottom end of that, whatever you think the food supply's like, I don't care what you think about how bad it is. It's worse than you think.  Lisa: Yeah.  Grant: I actually cried, I actually physically cried. Lisa: That's what our kids are getting to eat every day.  Grant: Yeah, and how that's not a priority. Just remember that the biggest cost to our healthcare system for our kids is having to anesthetize them to extract teeth because they're rotten at age five, and we can't walk around too much if they're not anesthetized. So yeah, I mean, what society treats its most vulnerable like that? Just one little rant: in kids healthcare, we have to go and do fundraising and buy raffle tickets to pay for the hospitals for kids. And we don't do that with adults. That sort of fundraising for that is despicable. It's not a government that cares. Lisa: Not to mention the whole bloody ambulance service. Grant: Yeah, there's all of that, wouldn't I fund that? There's all of that stuff as well. So that's just a mess of how, frankly, Ad the second thing is I've got another student who's just really got into this, the addiction side of food. And as a former psychologist, she goes through and look at the, some, you know, use this Diagnostic and Statistical Manual DSM, DSM-5 is the latest version, which is a way of characterizing disorders.  And you look at the substance misuse disorder, which is really around addictions. And you know, if you change the word alcohol or methamphetamine or tobacco for sugar, yeah, then, you know, the sorts of things you know, sometimes feel withdrawal sometimes. I eat more than I should change unprofessional behavior and makes things worse in my life. You go across all 11 criteria, and you go, Yeah, it's pretty plausible. That's a real thing. Yeah. And the thing is, with addictions, of course, is that people go because everyone is not addicted to it, doesn't mean it's not a thing. So there's this, there's a lot of alcohol drunk where people don't turn into alcoholics It doesn't mean there's not such a thing as alcoholics. And there's, you know, for many people, it becomes a substance they can't control using and I feel the same things about sugar in your ultra processed food in general really. Lisa: Yeah. And the sugar I mean, the I mean like people like you I know you've done a lot of work with a Pacific Island population and Maori and so on, we have a predisposition to you know, not being able to cope with the sugars and more cardiovascular disease and more metabolic disorders. So even more Prater the stuff because we've already and haven't had I don't know hundreds of years of of having it to a certain degree in I mean, I've struggled no sugar is definitely one of those things that is one of the hardest addictions I think, not that I've been addicted to anything else but it's a bloody hard addiction to to get rid of and stay on top of. Grant: Something like smoking or alcohol like the absence of is part of it is hard but just slightly easier because it's contained whereas sugar's so ubiquitous in the food supply, you can't stop it. It's very hard, you know, all of a sudden you put some chili sauce on your something and you're damn near 75% sugar, you know, like? Lisa: You don't even realize it unless you start baking them and making everything from scratch.- And then you know, not to mention all the MSGs and the additives, preservatives, emulsifiers that are you know, destroying our guts and causing us to want more. I mean, there's a real reason why you can't eat one chip. If you eat one chip, you've eaten the packet, Grant: Well, that's certainly my experience. But strangely, and I had an argument with a dietitian the other day about this, there's a total open quote and short of eating. And it's like her hypothesis was, well, the whole reason we I was like, Look, there's no point having salted chips in my house, because they'll last five minutes, I'll eat the whole lot. Yes. Oh, no, no, no, the way you should overcome that is just have dozens of packets on there and just eat yourself silly and then you'll get over it. That's just bullshit in my experience  Lisa: Pretty much done that, and that didn't work. That doesn't work. I've heard that theory too. I think that's absolute rubbish, and not something that I'd recommend for starters, because you're gonna start on an either like, that's like, you know, a little bit good, then we must have just have some more.  Yeah.  Lisa: That's ridiculous. Really, they still think that. You know there's a whole movement?  You're kidding? Okay. But how do we help people? Because people are unaware of the addictive nature of their food and we're so like, I don't have a big garden full of organic veggies. I never time, all the knowledge and I used to having my dad used to do my garden and then it was good. But now I don't. Most of us don't have access to good quality foods. What the hell do we do? We go into a supermarket and it's just so easy to pick up a pre-made sauce, you know, tomato sauce, or Bolognese sauce instead of, you know, buying a bloody lot of tomatoes and making it. But yeah, but we've fallen into this trap. And now we're addicted all of us. Because the big food industry wants you to eat more of its crap. Grant: Yeah, they've conspired both on research and practice. And then just in all practical ways. In fact, I wrote a paper with a couple of superstars actually a guy, Aseem Malhotra, who's a cardiologist, in London, and Rob Lustig, who's pretty famous, a pediatric endocrinologist from San Francisco about the the tricks that the food industry has pulled, which are pretty much the exact same ones as Big Tobacco have over the years, you know, creating bogus interest groups, false advocacy, sponsoring athletes, list goes on. Lisa: I'm a part of that machinery, unfortunately, you know, when I was a young athlete being sponsored by Coca Cola— Grant: I didn't, I was told, I was told not to come back to, I'm in New Zealand. I spoke there one time, a couple of years ago, because I had to guard the sponsors product, which was Nutrigrain, Kellogg's Nutrigrain, which is four and a half staff health rating food, that's, you know, a third sugar. It's just a disgrace. Yeah, that was not welcome again. Lisa: When you see famous sports teams, I won't name any, but they're nutritionists on the telly telling you to eat stuff that really is not what you want your kids eating. And you're like, ‘Wow, that's wrong on so many levels', you know? Grant: I'll tell you a story about that. I don't know if I should tell this story. Years ago, I gave this talk on a sort of update on physical activity and health for the first-time executives of Coca Cola over this Waipuna Lodge in Auckland. I'd finished my talk, I was just at the back. And the head and corners in and go on. The next guy that got was a corporate guy from the US about how they're going to discredit various nutrition people and active tactics. I went around, and I sort of sat there and listened to it. And I was like, ‘Oh', and then about halfway through, I was like, ‘Shit, I'll make sure I get out of here alive'. Yeah, but there was like an active discussion about, about the tactics to deal with scientists who were dissonant to the view, to the worldview, which I thought was a really interesting, Lisa: This is a reality. And this is what's happening not only in the food industry, it's also happening in the pharmaceutical industry. It's also happening in many industries that we in the public are not, and when you've got people like you that are brave enough to stand up and say stuff, you get attacked. I'm quite surprised that my podcast hasn't been taken off here yet. But anyway. Grant: Yeah, that's right. And yeah, it will heavily wind but people will be, there's forces in play there. You don't want to get too conspiratorial because it sometimes requires a degree of organization that doesn't, that we're capable of, but yeah, I think in the food industry case and pharmaceutical industry, the evidence has been there for a long time. Lisa: Yeah, yeah. And I think, my approach to it now is like, we are possible, light a candle toward the good information rather than fighting and banging your head against the, you know, because otherwise you can end up in a very bad place. But okay, so we know that there's all these addictive forces, if you like, at play. And so because you just look around town, you know, in the obesity and they are boys they're looking like girls and, you know, the hormone regulation is just obviously affected and fertility rates are going down. We're fighting a war here, and we've got kids that are already diabetic and before they're even teenagers, and this is a coming huge disaster for the healthcare system when you're in public health. Grant: Yeah, yeah. The present one that I've become much more interested in because it's, I think it's become more obvious today for a bunch of reasons. I'll tell you a few stories as mental health, particularly Youth Mental Health. I've been an academic for a few decades. And, you know, a decade ago or two decades ago, okay, students will get seconds, some would have some mild mental health problems, but it wasn't really a thing that you would see very much. Now at the moment, all the time I get students, students like it's dropping out of the degree now because of their mental health.  They've got anxiety. And these are really smart, intelligent, switched-on people with, these are the top of the socioeconomic ladder, we don't know how much worse it is at the bottom. I didn't even get there in the first place. That youth suicide rate in New Zealand, it keeps getting talked about as the tip of an iceberg for a major problem. One of the women that I work with, mid-20s, beautiful, intelligent woman. Yeah, we're talking about SSRIs, antidepressants, because I've been on those I could have knocked me over I said, are, you know, is it a common thing for your friend group and that sort of thing? She goes, I pretty much everyone I know is on them. Yeah, yeah. And, and so we've got this—  Lisa: It's a good sequence, isn't it?  Grant: Because the brains are metabolic. We've got a metabolic crisis with obesity and diabetes, but guess what? The most important metabolic organ is your brain. Somehow, again, here we are, asleep at the wheel, we've got this, you've got this treatment gap. So even if we could treat them with anything effective, which is doubtful. From our current system, yeah, they can only treat half the half of the 910,000 people in the country of 5 million. Because 910,000 is the number of serious mental health problems. Wow. Half of them don't get any treatment whatsoever, because there is no treatment. You bring the mental health crisis line, which we've had to do. And they will say, are they killing themselves right now? And that's just like, no, that's like—  Lisa: ‘Okay, we've got time.'  Grant: Yeah, then okay, we're not doing it, I think. And we'll go to your doctor. If you go to your doctor, you know that there's a nine month wait to see a psychologist?. It's just unacceptable. Lisa: And what's the answer? The course, the easy answer for the doctor is to give them a SSRI. Grant: Which doesn't work very well. No. neuroplasticity, if they're a young person, causes them harm.  Lisa: Closes down hormones. And does it different.  Grant: Yeah, 100%.  Lisa: Just interrupting the program briefly to let you know that we have a new Patron program for the podcast. Now, if you enjoy Pushing the Limits, if you get great value out of it, we would love you to come and join our Patron membership program. We've been doing this now for five and a half years and we need your help to keep it on air. It's been a public service free for everybody, and we want to keep it that way. But to do that we need like-minded souls who are on this mission with us to help us out. So if you're interested in becoming a patron for Pushing the Limits podcast, then check out everything on www.patron.lisatamati.com. That's P-A-T-R-O-N dot lisatamati.com. We have two Patron levels to choose from. You can do it for as little as $7 a month, New Zealand, or $15 a month if you really want to support us. So we are grateful if you do. There are so many membership benefits you're going to get if you join us. Everything from workbooks for all the podcasts, the strength guide for runners, the power to vote on future episodes, webinars that we're going to be holding, all of my documentaries and much, much more. So check out all the details: patron.lisatamati.com. And thanks very much for joining us. Grant: So to me, the unacknowledged metabolic crisis here we can see obesity. We can measure diabetes. Yeah, and those are problems. But you know, to me the most perverse one, especially having, you know, teenage kids myself and that sort of thing is this youth mental health thing. It's despicable. Like my dad, yeah, good for him. He had metastatic prostate cancer and was sorted with this keto diet, but the amount of access to expensive treatment, he was able to get in his 80s. Compared to a young woman in her early 20s, who has a serious mental health problem that's going to affect her, and even around for the rest of their lives, who can get none. It's perverse, who spends their money on health that way? Yeah, like, I want my dad to get his treatment and get better and everything, which he has, but, what sort of society prioritizes that over these young people? Lisa: Yeah, and what can we do? Like why, there is a lot of I mean, I talk research a lot, and I know that your research is also pointing in this direction, that there's a lot of health fundamentals that we can get right, that can actually help people without costing anything even, without having to be a pharmacological intervention. How about we try to teach people how to manage themselves? And I mean, I've had, I was on antidepressants for over 20 years, and I could not get off them, because they are addictive. It took me three years to get off them, and thank God I did. I, in my early 20s, had relationship crises, was put on them, just stayed on them because I didn't know any better.  What are, what implications that's had for me, and then trying to get off them. And of course, your body starts to downregulate your own if you're not producing your own. I've got off them now, and I'm fine, and so on, and I'm helping other family members off them. But that was the first port of call. Now I understand the need for health fundamentals like sleep, hygiene, and movement, and exercise, and sunshine, and the right diet, because diet is a huge piece of the puzzle, because your gut and your brain are connected. And there's a lot of, like you say, a fix. When you have a bad diet, and you have bad nutrition, you're going to have more mental instability, if you want to put it that way, you're going to have more problems, than if you're on a good, really robust, solid, good diet. That's going to affect your mental health. And what are our kids, they're not giving any of that information, or any programs around it. Grant: Yeah, and you interfere with one aspect of metabolic homeostasis with an antidepressant, and you're surprised that it doesn't work very well, and there's unintended consequences. What we're trying to do is, and humans, I think, all want to be in the state, we're trying to return ourselves to a sort of metabolic homeostasis where things are balanced and well-regulated. For the most of the body, that's the primary target, there is a sugar in your blood and the insulin in your blood, because if those aren't right, then you're an inflammatory environment and pro-growth and no chance to, you know, being that autophagy of tightening things up. So that's the big metabolic picture. But in the brain, I've just started to stitch together a much more, I think coherent view of what's going on.  Because the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain is important. I just think with the low fat revolution, we pick fat, not carbohydrates. We pick the wrong one of the three. Yeah, well, this is alright, we pick serotonin as the neurotransmitter to manage, we need to get it back to where it started more quickly. That's what reuptake inhibitors do. And actually, sorry?  Lisa: You've written a paper recently on glutamate and its role in all this. Can you explain about it?  Grant: I have, six months ago, I had heard of glutamate because I, trying to, from psychology, and frankly, I'd forgotten what it did. Until one of my smart students reminded me that glutamate is the most important and most prevalent excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. It's about 90% of your neurotransmitters, it runs in tandem with an inhibitory system called GABA. And so these two things operate together. The inhibition fine tunes the excitation. And not only that, the glutamate gets recycled onto glutamine and then back into GABA and they rely on one another to be in a sort of, you know, good, healthy relationship, right?  And so what happens is, when there's over-excitation, which chronic stress does, then glutamate because it's excitatory neurotransmitters, just keeps getting pumped out. Pumped out, pumped out, and it hits its receptor in the other side of the synapse, between neurons. That receptor, it's called the NMDA receptor, it's downregulated. So it stops seeing the glutamate as much as it could be, which causes even more glutamate to be produced. And then this glutamate starts to seep out of that cleft and to just general space. And the trouble with it—  Lisa: It's toxic.  Grant: It's toxic, and this is called glutamate excitotoxicity. So this is not a theory, this is a thing. And it starts to kill brain cells, and the trouble with it, first of all it atrophies neurons, which is never good, and they're not there anymore when they die. But those dying neurons themselves spill out glutamate, into more glutamate into the space, and you get this downward spiral of—  Lisa: Neurodegeneration.  Grant: Neurodegeneration, exactly right. And so the most interesting thing in my mind about this, and this is why I'm so excited about it is because, and you'll see this. So the most obvious is a concussion or mild TBI, traumatic brain injury, is that what causes your initial brain cell death is just an insult, right? You bang your head, right? So you get that glutamate excitotoxicity. The initial effects of the concussion is mild, but the long-term effects of the concussion because of the glutamate excitotoxicity are severe. That's why concussions get worse and worse and worse for time after they've happened. Lisa: Okay, thanks that somebody's saying that! Because people go to the hospitals with a concussion and they go, no, there's, you've had a mild concussion, go home and rest. And that's it. It's like we there's so much we can do— Grant: 100% there's so much we can do. And I think we already do it when it gets really severe, right? So if you're in hospital with ischemia, lack of oxygen in the brain from a heart attack, or sometimes in some hospitals, that neonatal hypoxia, so newborns become deprived of oxygen. One way that they deal with that is they induce hypothermia, because cold exposure, especially in those areas, helps reduce glutamate. And they provide intravenous magnesium because magnesium antagonises as a receptor and allows glutamate to get back to its homeostatic levels more quick, and it's highly effective. And the animal studies are very, very convincing. And it's near a clinical practice for things like spinal cord injury.  And then you start to think about other ways that the brain gets damaged. So Alzheimer's and dementia is an interesting one. So for other reasons, including high glucose, we start to lose brain cells. But as soon as you start to do a little bit excitotoxicity, then exacerbates the problem massively. A mild or severe stress, which results in post traumatic stress disorder, is another way of damaging the brain initially through chronic, elevated glutamate but it rolls onto itself. And this is solved, then it's not a problem.  Lisa: This is why stress and trauma—  Grant: And chronic stress, you're just stressed out, your fight or flight response is up more than it should. And it goes on a long time. The two to three minutes that it's designed to be up for is actually days, months, years, same thing. And so you've got these different pathways, getting brain damage. Lisa: Brain damage is happening as well.   Grant: When you take, if you if you scan people with major depressive disorder, you autopsy people who've committed suicide, then you see severe atrophy and things like the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, important areas. And it's caused by chromatic toxicity. But the reason why that's interesting is that there's a lot you can do about it. And so we mentioned cold water therapy, just getting in cold water, especially you can breathe slowly and deeply through your nose, which downregulates the nervous system, as medical therapy for depression, right? Yeah. So and potentially I think for TBI and concussion and Alzheimer's and that sort of thing, because it helps with that.  But so is aerobic exercise for the same reason. So is a whole range of nutrient supplements, particularly magnesium, particularly you have to take them in the form of magnesium citrate or magnesium l-threonate. And the clinical trials of magnesium citrate and depression is a more effective medication than an antidepressant. And there is no real side effects. So magnesium, zinc, omega-3 fish oils, B complex vitamins, vitamin C, vitamin D, all anti-inflammatory, antioxidant type. Lisa: And all stuff that I'm on every day, and my mum's on with her brain injury on, all the time.  Grant: That's right, because and they are downregulating glutamate transmission and achieving a glutamate GABA balance in a better way, as does presence of ketones in your blood occasionally, as does any sort of diet that's anti-inflammatory, and any diet that's inflammatory, exacerbates the problem. So— Lisa: So for things like brain injuries, like someone like mom who was in a coma and they were putting a ba- basically a glucose strip into the, you know, into feeding tubes. That's just like causing more damage than if we'd had ketones present if we'd had— Grant: 100%, because you're, there's also a fuel cri- an accompanying fuel crisis on the brain where it can't— Lisa: Uptake the glucose. Grant: —uptake the glucose in the normal fashion, but you can use ketones. So you've got the glutamate part going on, and you've got the glucose fuel crisis. So you know— Lisa: And isn't the same with Alzheimer's, and they, it's a, when you get insulin resistance, you also get the glucose not being able to be uptaken in the brain, and therefore the brain starving for glucose. Prog Grant: Yeah. So ketogenic diet for that group is actually a pretty therapeutic diet, that would be the one situation that would be, you know, granted, for keto is hard. I mean, obviously, it's a hard population group to work with them on that, but that doesn't make it not therapeutic. That's another whole— Lisa: No, and that's what I put, you know, like with mum's brain injury, once I started to realize that from the research I was doing. I was doing I had her on as good as possible, keto diet for that first couple of years. Not so much now, because she's got autonomy so it's harder regulate. But she does do intermittent fasting, and she has got all the supplements, and she has got a very, low-carb diet, as much as I can get it to do it, when she's not sneaking things around my back. But this is just so crucial for all of these degenerative diseases, and I'm really excited about this glutamate thing, because it's only just come on my radar through your research, and I think that this is perhaps gonna go to the next level. Are you continuing the research on this?  Grant: Yeah, and I'm really interested in, I haven't been that interested in micronutrients through my career. I sort of felt while you're eating whole foods, you know, that should be the template. And I still think that, but I increasingly started to think, especially my colleague, Julia Ruckledge, who's a professor of psychology at University of Canterbury, in her work with micronutrients. She uses fairly high doses, but how effective those have been in her clinical trials with various aspects of mental health. And just as I see also random other outcomes like they just happened to be doing a clinical trial when the Christchurch earthquake happened, and they're only halfway through it. So the randomization wasn't quite complete.  They noticed at the end of the trial that the people in the micronutrient supplementation group, about 19% of those ended up with some sort of post traumatic stress from the Christchurch earthquake. Lisa:  Yep.  Grant: Those without, who are in the placebo group, 69% have post traumatic stress. And this is consistent with other research around, you know, the stress of natural disasters, natural disasters, and that sort of thing. And all sorts of things go wrong in the brain. And it's just, there's a mess of effects. If you could get this from a pharmaceutical, the pharmaceutical company would be all over it. But, you know, inexpensive micronutrients. So, you're interested in those really. Lisa: So that improves your resilience. Basically, you've got the right vitamins and minerals and things in your body to do the work that's needed to be required. Have you ever heard about the research of ketamine and post traumatic stress? When that ketamine is able to stop the formation of the memories, the traumatic-ness if that's a word?  Grant: Yeah, so, so yes, yeah.  Lisa: Because it's part of that there'll be part of that glutamate thing, wouldn't it? Grant: Ketamine is, antagonizes the NDMA receptor, as the same mechanism magnesium roles a play, plays a role on. And so ketamine is a little bit more of a difficult substance to think about it because it's an analgesic and it's sort of that pre-anesthetic and acidic and it really spaces people out. But you're right across PTSD, single treatments have been shown to be highly effective. Single treatments with major depressive or otherwise intractable have shown to be temporarily effective. The most interesting one, for me, I was just talking to an ethicist the other day about this. He was talking about ketamine with chronic pain sufferers, and about half of the people they treat with ketamine with chronic pain, they have an instant and complete alleviation of the chronic pain. And they give them ketamine at a subclinical dose for five straight days. I don't know the ins and outs of that.  Lisa: Because it stops the pathways from— Grant: I don't know what, I'm think

La Dirección de Adquisiciones de Material del Ministerio de Defensa noruego (NDMA) ha felicitado a Navantia y a sus subcontratistas por la finalización con éxito de la tropicalización de la fragata F311 “Roald Amundsen”, segunda de la Clase Fridtjof Nansen (F310) que Navantia diseñó y construyó para la Marina de Noruega entre los años 2000 y 2011. Estos trabajos, contratados en julio de 2020, mejoran significativamente la capacidad de refrigeración de la fragata F311, lo que le permitirá navegar en condiciones de temperatura ambiente y de agua mucho más cálidas que las existentes en el entorno tradicional de operación de la Marina Noruega. Miguel Diaz, ingeniero responsable de los trabajos en Noruega y enlace con la Marina, ha destacado el apoyo y colaboración de todo el equipo de Navantia y de sus subcontratistas como Quest Global, Imafer, Soamar, Electro Rayma y Bulbo.

Episode 58: Transaminitis.  Elevated aminotransferases can be caused by intrahepatic and extrahepatic causes, Dr Martinez and Dr Civelli explain the workup of transaminitis, distribution of Chantix was stopped by Pfizer, smoking cessation updates Introduction: Smoking Cessation UpdatesBy Hector Arreaza, MD, Valeri Civelli, and Yosbel Martinez, MD On June 25, 2021, Pfizer stopped distribution of some badges of Chantix(r) after high levels of the carcinogen N-nitroso-di-methyl-amine (NDMA) were found in some lots of the pills. “Pfizer told Reuters the distribution pause was ordered out of abundance of caution while further testing is conducted.”The FDA approved Varenicline in 2006, and there is evidence that Chantix is the most effective anti-smoking medication.USPSTF Grade A recommendations:1. All adults should be asked about their tobacco use. Then, if determined to be smokers or tobacco users, advise them to quit, and provide behavioral interventions and FDA-approved medications for cessation. This applies to all adults who are not pregnant and use tobacco.2. All pregnant patients should be asked about their tobacco use, advised to quit using tobacco, and offer behavioral interventions for cessation. USPSTF Grade I (I stands for “I don't know”):1. The USPSTF does not endorse or discourages the use of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation in pregnant patients because there is insufficient evidence.2. E-cigarettes have insufficient evidence to be recommended as an effective way to stop smoking in adults. This is Rio Bravo qWeek, your weekly dose of knowledge brought to you by the Rio Bravo Family Medicine Residency Program from Bakersfield, California. Our program is affiliated with UCLA, and it's sponsored by Clinica Sierra Vista, Let Us Be Your Healthcare Home.___________________________Transaminitis. By Yosbel Martinez, MDTransaminitis (Also known as Elevated Aminotransferases). “itis” normally means inflammation in medical terms, and for that reason transaminitis is not etymologically correct, but it's easy to use and everyone understands what it means. What are aminotransferases?Aminotransferases are intracellular enzymes are sensitive indicator of liver cell injury (necrosis vs inflammation) ALT (alanine aminotransferase) more specific measure of liver injury because AST (aspartate aminotransferase) also found in striate muscle, heart, brain, kidney and Red and white blood cells.-There is poor correlation between degree of liver cell damage and level of aminotransferases. General Approach of Chronic Transaminitis Chronic > 6 months (Often asymptomatic patient)Initial evaluation for most common liver conditions.-Drugs (herbal or recreational drugs) or medications (acetaminophen, INH, amiodarone, statins)-Hepatitis A, B, C-Alcohol Hepatitis AST/ALT ratio above 2:1-Fatty Liver AST/ALT < 1, RUQ Ultrasound- Hemochromatosis Iron/TIBC > 45% Hereditary hemochromatosis is an autosomal recessive disorder that disrupts the body's regulation of iron. It is the most common genetic disease in whites. Men have a higher risk of iron-overload disease compared with women. Hemochromatosis symptoms are absent in the early stages. If present, symptoms may include weakness, lethargy, arthralgias, and impotence. Later manifestations include arthralgias, osteoporosis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular cancer, cardiomyopathy, dysrhythmia, diabetes mellitus, and hypogonadism. Diagnosis requires confirmation of increased serum ferritin levels and transferrin saturation, with or without symptoms. Treatment of hereditary hemochromatosis requires phlebotomy, and the frequency is guided by serial measurements of serum ferritin levels and transferrin saturation. Dietary modification is generally unnecessary. Screen: Testing should be performed in first-degree relatives of patients with classical HFE-related hemochromatosis, those with evidence of active liver disease, and patients with abnormal iron study results. Screening for hepatocellular carcinoma is reserved for those with hereditary hemochromatosis and cirrhosis. Statins: Statins are very important in prevention of treatment of cardiovascular disease. They are safe.“The risk of hepatic injury caused by statins is estimated to be about 1 percent, similar to that of patients taking a placebo.”Patients with transaminase levels no more than three times the upper limit of normal can continue taking statins; often the elevations will resolve spontaneously. Coexisting elevations of transaminase levels from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and stable hepatitis B and C viral infections are not contraindications to statin use Dosing: Hepatic Impairment: AdultContraindicated in active liver disease or in patients with unexplained persistent elevations of serum transaminases. Further evaluations to Determine likely source-Hepatic source (less common liver conditions)-Autoimmune Hepatitis (women, SPEP, ANA, ASMA)-Wilson disease (ceruloplasmin, slip lamp exam for Kayser- Fleischer rings)-Alfa 1- antitrypsin deficiency (emphysema out of proportion, obtain AA-1 level)-Other viral Hepatitis D, E, CMV, EBV, HSV,VZV. Non-Hepatic source.-Muscle disorder (CK, aldolase)-Thyroid disease (FT4, TSH)-Celiac/IBD (IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase, Calprotectin,CRP, P-ANCA, MRCP/ERCP.-Adrenal insufficiency (8 am cortisol level and plasma ACTH)-Anorexia nervosa (Psychiatric evaluation, BMI, electrolytes and Echo or TTE) Final step of evaluation.Liver biopsy (for diagnostic, staging and grading of liver disease)Now we conclude our episode number 58 “Transaminitis”. Dr Martinez and Dr Civelli explained what to do when we find elevated aminotransferases. Remember you can have intra-hepatic and extra-hepatic causes. If you cannot determine what's causing transaminitis, you may need to ask for a liver biopsy.  Even without trying, every night you go to bed being a little wiser.Thanks for listening to Rio Bravo qWeek. If you have any feedback about this podcast, contact us by email RBresidency@clinicasierravista.org, or visit our website riobravofmrp.org/qweek. This podcast was created with educational purposes only. Visit your primary care physician for additional medical advice. This week we thank Hector Arreaza, Yosbel Martinez, and Valerie Civelli. Audio edition: Suraj Amrutia. See you next week!_____________________References:Pfizer Halts Distribution of Stop-Smoking Pill Chantix, WebMD, webmd.com, accessed on Jul 6, 2021. https://www.webmd.com/smoking-cessation/news/20210625/chantix-distribution-halted-pfizer. Tobacco Smoking Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Persons: Interventions, United States Preventive Services Taskforce, uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org, accessed on Jul 6, 2021. https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/tobacco-use-in-adults-and-pregnant-women-counseling-and-interventions Uworld Boards Family Medicine Qbank.Harrison's Manual of Medicine 20th Edition.Pocket Medicine 7th Edition by Marc S. Sabatine.      

Are supplements safe? In this live session, we'll talk about the safety of supplements. I'll also tackle metformin and NDMA, folate and folinic acid, and further questions from viewers about vitamin K2, vitamin D3, fish oil, and omega 3, among other things. For more information, contact us at 859-721-1414 or myhealth@prevmedheartrisk.com. Also, check out the following resources:  ·PrevMed's website·PrevMed's YouTube channel·PrevMed's Facebook page

In this episode Jonathan Rosenfeld chats with Martin D. Gould an Attorney at Romanucci & Blandin, LLC. Here, they discuss: Zantac Cancer Lawsuit FAQ: 4 Most Asked Questions   Read the Transcript Download the PDF Jonathan Rosenfeld: Hello, and good afternoon. I am Jonathan Rosenfeld, and today I am joined by Marty Gould. Marty is currently working on many lawsuits involving Zantac and the development of cancer. Marty, first off, thank you for joining me today, I appreciate it. Marty Gould: Thanks for having me on, Jon. Jonathan Rosenfeld: Now, Marty, this is a really quickly emerging area of mass tort litigation that we're seeing. A lot of people have been taking Zantac and the generic version of Zantac over the past 10, 20 years. And today we are learning that some of these people are developing various types of cancers after taking these drugs, both prescription and over the counter. Today I want to run through with you some of the most frequently asked questions by people related to this litigation. I want to run through the four most common questions asked by people who have a potential Zantac case. These are based on the data that we're seeing today from Google search, frankly. I wanted to go through with you quickly, so we can get this information to people in a concise way. First off, has Zantac been withdrawn from the market? Marty Gould: Yes, it has. Jon, in September, 2019, the US Food and Drug Administration reported that there was a link between one of the ingredients of Zantac and NDMA in cancer, and they issued a public warning. And then in April, 2020, the FDA announced that all Zantac brand heartburn drugs, prescription and over the counter, should be immediately pulled from the market because of potential NDMA contamination. And subsequently, retailers across the country, Walmart, Walgreens, CVS, suspended the sale of the over-the-counter Zantac and ranitidine products. Jonathan Rosenfeld: Second question for you, what type of cancer is related to Zantac use? What types of cancers are you seeing today in claims and lawsuits that you are filing against the different manufacturers of these drugs? Marty Gould: We represent hundreds and hundreds of individuals that have cancer because of Zantac use, or in tragic situations, the families of people deceased because of that cancer. From our experiences and from the research, the cancers most commonly linked to Zantac use or ranitidine use are bladder cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, kidney cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, and breast cancer. There's also some potential cancers that have a weaker link to the use of Zantac that we're still looking at, and those include pancreatic, ovarian, and melanoma. Jonathan Rosenfeld: One of the questions that we're seeing over and over again by people, is there a settlement related to Zantac lawsuits at this time, as of today's date, we are today April, 2021? Is there a Zantac lawsuit settlement? Marty Gould: There is not a Zantac lawsuit settlement yet, at least not on a wide scale. The cases are all being consolidated, or most of them are, in a multi-district litigation in federal court. There hasn't been any bellwether cases yet, but we're very optimistic that there is going to be a settlement and a resolution for our clients and for many of the other victims and survivors out there. Jonathan Rosenfeld: Along these lines, a lot of people are also looking into what the value of these cases are. They're asking, "What is a Zantac lawsuit worth?" While we don't know what the cases are worth in terms of dollars and cents today, can you just give us a rundown of the damages potentially available in these cases? Marty Gould: Sure. In a personal injury case, you can get what's called economic and non-economic damages. In terms of economic damages, you can get compensation for lost income, so if you got cancer and you couldn't work. Or God forbid it was your loved one who got cancer and is deceased, you can get compensation for the lost income that your family would have had in lost earning capacity or lost future income, medical bills. You can get compensation for all your medical bills. And then you can get the non-economic damages, which can be very significant in a case. And that includes the emotional distress, the physical and emotional pain and suffering. And then there's something called loss of consortium. If you've lost a loved one because of cancer caused by Zantac, you can recover for loss of familial support from having that person around and supporting your loss of love. So it's important to speak with a lawyer to just understand your rights and what types of compensation is available under law. Jonathan Rosenfeld: Marty, this was great information, and I really look forward to talking with you in the future as this litigation continues to move forward. Thank you. Marty Gould: Thanks for having me on, Jon.

Folge 26: Masken für Kinder, MDR und NDMA in Valsartan

In this episode Jonathan Rosenfeld chats with Martin D. Gould an Attorney at Romanucci & Blandin, LLC. Here, they discuss: Zantac Lawsuits Update   Read the Transcript Download the PDF Jonathan Rosenfeld : Hi, I am Jonathan Rosenfeld and I am an attorney, and I am with my good friend and colleague Marty Gould today. We are here to talk about probably one of the largest and most prolific drug recalls in the United States ever, certainly in recent history, and that involves the popular heartburn medication Zantac. Jonathan Rosenfeld : Marty is very active with the Zantac litigation, and he is here today to discuss the status of the litigation who qualifies for this and to sort of give us some insight as to how these cases may play out. Jonathan Rosenfeld : Marty, first off, thank you for joining me today. I appreciate it, and could you just briefly introduce yourself, and let us know a little bit about the background and just what Zantac is and bring us up to date with the current status of the recall on Zantac? Marty Gould: John, thanks for the introduction. I'm of counsel with Rosenfeld Injury Lawyers. Our team represents hundreds and hundreds of individuals that have cancer that we believe was caused by a Zantac consumption or generic. Zantac was a very popular heartburn and acid reflux medication. Marty Gould: Millions and millions of people have used Zantac for those purposes, and recent studies have shown that there's a connection between an ingredient in Zantac, ranitidine, and cancer. It's the chemical structure of the Zantac tablet that once it's consumed, and once it's mixed with water in your body, it causes what's called NDMA, a very toxic substance that is linked to cancer. Marty Gould: For that reason, people that have been taking Zantac, many of these people for years and years on a frequent basis, are now getting cancer. Typically, it's a stomach cancer, bladder cancer, stomach cancer, but also the blood-based cancers such as liver cancer. Right now, there's a litigation that's being handled, a multi-district litigation, where all the Zantac cases are being filed in the Southern District of Florida. Marty Gould: Anyone who has a case, they're filing their claims there, and the lawyers are litigating those cases now. We're still in the earlier stages, and there's trials that are expected to start going in probably 2022. Jonathan Rosenfeld : Now, you mentioned that these cases are filed in what's called a multi-district litigation or MDL. I want to talk with you about the differences between an MDL that some people may not be familiar with and a traditional lawsuit. First off, I guess, as a starting point, I guess, what is an MDL case? Marty Gould: Sure. Multi-district litigation is essentially a type of case where all the cases may be a little bit different, so if you've been taking Zantac for one year, several times a week, and somebody else has been taking Zantac for 10 years on a daily basis, you may have a different type of case because your exposure was different. If you have a family history of cancer, that may be a relevant facts. Marty Gould: Everyone's case is a little bit different. Everyone's injuries are a little different. Some people tragically are filing a case on behalf of a loved one who's deceased, who has died because of cancer linked to Zantac. Others may just have an early diagnosis, so the injuries are different every case. Marty Gould: A multi-district litigation, essentially, consolidates all the different cases into one courtroom for efficiency purposes. It's typically done in a federal courthouse. In this case, it's a federal courthouse in the Southern District of Florida. Marty Gould: To avoid having rulings in many different states, in many different jurisdictions that could be conflicting, you'll have one judge who will oversee the litigation. Will set various deadlines, and essentially, the cases are litigated in a fashion where there's bellwether cases. The steering committee that's litigating most of these cases will choose a certain number of cases, that will be the first cases to be litigated, the first cases to go to trial. Marty Gould: Once these bellwether cases are concluded, that usually allows the rest of the plaintiffs to know what the potential value of these zantac cases are, and it usually drives settlements. If there's successful results at trial, it usually results in a settlement agreements or settlement discussions on other people that have cancer that was linked to Zantac. Jonathan Rosenfeld : Right now, we have this MDL that's been filed in Florida, but we also have a recall that was issued by the food and Drug Administration, the FDA, related to Zantac, and that would happen in 2000... I'm sorry, in September 13, 2019, the FDA issued that recall. Why, I guess, did the FDA issued this recall, and what is the impact that you see in terms of the recall on the pending litigation? Marty Gould: There are studies going back to the '80s that linked NDMA and Zantac to cancer, and as of late, because lawsuits were filed, the US Food and Drug Administration started its own investigation, and September 13, 2019, they essentially published a public warning about the link. There was additional research and lab testing. Marty Gould: The levels of NDMA found were significantly higher than which was deemed to be safe for a body to consume, certainly very alarming. The FDA certainly announced that this was a potential health hazard. Marty Gould: In the wake of the FDA safety warnings, the drug manufacturers for Zantac and its generic brands pulled off the drug from shelves across the country. Walmart, Walgreens, CVS, many of the big retailers pulled the drug because the consensus was it wasn't safe to be consumed. Marty Gould: The unfortunate reality is that, while people now aren't being exposed to Zantac and the cancer-causing substances within the tablets, we still have thousands and thousands of people that have been using Zantac for years and have existing injuries. That's what these cases are about. It's about compensating people for their past harms and for their current harms. Jonathan Rosenfeld : Let me ask you this, so you mentioned that, first off, Zantac has been on the market since the 1980s, so this has been on the market for a long time. I guess as a consequence of the patents are on the original drug expiring, now we have different manufacturers and generic versions of this that were on the market. Is that correct? Marty Gould: That's correct. You had various drug manufacturers that were producing Zantac or a generic version of it, ranitidine, Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, [Oringer 00:09:03], and the claims are essentially falling into two categories, defective design or manufacturer of that drug, that it was defective. It was harmful. It shouldn't have been sold to the public in the first place. Marty Gould: The second part of that is the failure to warn consumers, because people are taking these drugs because the advertisements are saying, look, this is a safe drug, and I can remember some of the Zantac commercials. They had somebody with a fire extinguisher, and he's using it and it's, "Hey, this is going to extinguish your heartburn and your acid reflux. It's a safe drug to use." That was the message, and that wasn't the case. Marty Gould: I think through the discovery process, we'll get more specifics. When did these drug manufacturers first know that it wasn't harmful? If there's studies out there from the '80s saying that there was that potential harmful cancer-causing link, there's good reason to believe that the manufacturers had that information, and because they were selling it to millions and millions of consumers, they didn't act on that information. Jonathan Rosenfeld : I guess at this point, if you took Zantac or the generic equivalent, first off, does it make any difference in terms of pursuing a legal claim? In other words, if I took Zantac manufactured by Sanofi or by Glaxo, does it make any difference in terms of my legal rights, in terms of filing a lawsuit at this point? Marty Gould: Well, John, as you know, we represent hundreds and hundreds of plaintiffs who have used either the name brand or the generic. There are legal differences, and that's why I think it's important for people to speak with a lawyer to understand what the potential legal ramifications are if you were only consuming a generic, but there's a few things to keep in mind. Marty Gould: When we sign a case, the first thing we tell people is, for one, do you have any Zantac in the house? Do you have any ranitidine in the house? Were you prescribed it? We've had many clients that still have the bottle, preserved the bottle. That's going to be evidence in the case. It's something we certainly want to hold on to. Marty Gould: Then, I guess, the next part of that is proving the use of the drug, medical records. Some people were prescribed it. Other people maybe, because it was sold over the counter, weren't prescribed it, but had reported to other primary care physician or other doctors when they were asked, are you on any drugs prescribed or over counter? They mentioned Zantac. Marty Gould: Those are some things to keep in mind, but there is a difference in terms of the cases, if it's generic versus name brand. That's why it's important to speak to a lawyer about that. Jonathan Rosenfeld : Now, these cases are filed, and they're pending in this MDL in Southern District of Florida. Can you give us a little insight as to how these cases are handled in terms of an MDL, what the court really does to sort of get a grasp of these cases? Jonathan Rosenfeld : We have people from really all over the country who have been impacted and what the court is doing in terms of unifying these cases and getting a grasp as to how people have been impacted. Logistically, it seems like a little bit of a nightmare to have all these different people and all these different cases and everything else. Jonathan Rosenfeld : As a person who has been impacted, either individually or if I have a family member who may have been impacted, and I'm looking at this and saying like, oh boy, do I even want to get involved? Can you just give some insight as to what a plaintiff could expect if they were to get involved with the case? Marty Gould: Sure. Step one is, we have an internal questionnaire that we have potential clients fill out, which asks a lot of the questions that the court is going to want to know, the type of cancer the individual has, when they used the drug, how often they use it, are they still using it, and that's essentially the information that we're going to have to submit to the court. Marty Gould: Judge Rosenberg from the Southern District of Florida, the federal judge who's overseeing the case, has essentially issued a questionnaire. It's called a census plus form that all claimants have to complete and file in the Zantac case. Those questions are the questions that we have our clients answer, when they used it, how often, for how long, what's their diagnosis. Marty Gould: From there, that allows the court, the defense and the lawyers, to have a better idea of each individual's claim. It provides a basis to verify the claims and make sure that the ones we have are legitimate claims that we can ideally get compensation for. Marty Gould: With that, there may be a second phase to the case, where after the census plus form is submitted, we may have a more detailed questionnaire that we have to submit to the court, sometimes with you attached medical records, verifying your cancer diagnosis and any medical records that list Zantac as a drug that you use, whether it was prescribed, or perhaps you referenced it to a doctor. Marty Gould: That's not the only way you can prove use. Your testimony is evidence, so many people don't keep receipts. Maybe they didn't tell their doctors they're taking it because it's over the counter. You can still have a case, even if you don't have that. Your testimony is evidence. If you have family members that knew you were taking it, their witnesses, they can provide evidence. Marty Gould: There's many ways in which we go about proving your use and litigating your case. It starts with that initial intake to find out whether you meet the certain criteria that we believe would put you in a position to file a claim. Jonathan Rosenfeld : Now, before you even get to the point where you're filing a claim, I guess the first step is, hey, are you eligible? When I'm talking about eligible, I'm talking about the timeframe for bringing a case. Every single case is governed by a statute of limitations, and the statute of limitations in these cases, it varies by where the person lives. Is that correct? Marty Gould: That's correct. Even though there is a multi-district litigation in Florida, that doesn't mean that Florida law is controlling here. Every case, every claim in every client's case can be a little bit different, because you're applying laws often from that state in which the individual had experienced the harm, where they were consuming the Zantac. Marty Gould: If you were consuming the Zantac while you were living in Illinois and then you were diagnosed with cancer, and then you move to Michigan or Florida, the law that would apply in terms of the statute of limitations would likely be Illinois law, but every case is a little bit different. It's important to speak with a lawyer to help you find out whether there's an issue with the statute limitations. Marty Gould: With cases against drug companies, such as this or Roundup or Losartan, many people have consumed the drug decades earlier, and they consumed it for a long period of time. It's not like being in a car accident where if you were hit by a car, you knew that you were injured the day of the accident. There is a period of time, a latency period, where you may not be diagnosed with cancer. Marty Gould: It's the worst news to get. It's a very traumatic situation, but you may not get that diagnosis until 10 years after you had been taking Zantac. There's something called the discovery rule in many states, a point in time where you discovered that you were injured and discovered why you were injured. That could trigger the running of the statute of limitations. Marty Gould: Every case is a little bit different, but if you had consumed it a long time ago, that may not close the door to pursue a case, and you should certainly call lawyer and find out if you still can. Jonathan Rosenfeld : Interesting. One of the ancillary issues here is we have a whole nother group of potential plaintiffs who may have taken Zantac or the generic equivalent, and they may have developed a cancer and they may have have died from that cancer. Jonathan Rosenfeld : In those situations, can the family of the deceased pursue a claim at this point? Can they pursue a wrongful death claim if their loved one took Zantac in the past? They may not have been aware of the connection between their cancer and the NDMA in Zantac. Marty Gould: In many cases, you can. A family can file a wrongful death case on behalf of a loved one who was taking Zantac and, unfortunately, died of cancer. There's still the same process is involved, where we file a census plus form. We try and retrieve as many of the medical records as we can, although you can still pursue it. Marty Gould: Then there's also something to note is, sometimes, because we're dealing with cancer cases, we have clients that file lawsuits while they're still alive, and then tragically, they died during litigation. The family can then step in and pursue that litigation for the loss of that loved one, for the wrongful death and survival damages. Marty Gould: Courts recognize the sad reality that many claimants may not survive to see the under this case or really any of these cases, and because of that, in some of those circumstances, we can fight to have a deposition of the individual before they pass away. It varies from case to case, and it varies in terms of the health of the plaintiff. Marty Gould: But it's certainly something we've done in many cases where we've taken a deposition of our client before he passed away, and judges understand that, and the defense attorneys understand that. Then they're sensitive to the situation and the emotional difficulties surrounding giving testimony in that circumstance. Jonathan Rosenfeld : Now these, the pending Zantac cases, they're civil lawsuits, and I want to talk with you about damages in a case like this. Now you and I, we don't have a crystal ball. We have no way of anticipating how these cases may play out. There's still a lot of evidence that needs to be disclosed by all parties involved, but obviously, when you file a civil lawsuit, your sole recourse really is to get economic compensation. Jonathan Rosenfeld : Obviously, we have no way of predicting the value of these cases, but can you just talk through the available damages in a civil case, such as Zantac, where someone at home may be thinking, well, I don't know if it's worth bringing a case. It may not be that much, which I hear pretty consistently. Can you just sort of explain the potential damages available in these cases? Marty Gould: Yes. We're talking about cancer lawsuits here. The damages are catastrophic. It's the worst news for anybody to hear that they were diagnosed with cancer, and we're also talking about a case where the allegation is that these drug manufacturers were creating a drug that was dangerous, was cancer-causing. Marty Gould: People were consuming this, and it was essentially like putting gunpowder and a fuse in somebody's body. It was being lit once it's mixed with water and other substances within your body and causing a very toxic cancer-causing substance, NDMA. The types of recoveries in a situation like that, where somebody's wrongful conduct caused somebody else to get cancer, in some cases to die. Marty Gould: You can get what's called loss of consortium. The family can get a recovery and survival claim, family can get a recovery for the loss of love, the loss of having that person around, pain and suffering for when the person was alive, emotional trauma, emotional distress, economic damages, lost income that the person could have earned, past and future lost income. If they weren't able to work for a period of time, because of the cancer treatment. Marty Gould: You can also get punitive damages in these cases. At this stage, we don't know yet whether we will, but there's certainly going, in many of these cases, we do get punitive damages. Those are additional damages, which can be significant, as a way to punish the drug manufacturers if they in fact knew about the harms and didn't warn people, or didn't take the necessary actions to protect the consumers. Jonathan Rosenfeld : Well, it certainly seems like these are cases which really are going to be an emerging area of litigation. I really appreciate you sharing your insight with us. Jonathan Rosenfeld : If someone is sitting on the sideline, sitting at home, is there anything you would tell them to do at this point in terms of moving forward? If they're sitting on the sideline and they're a little hesitant at this point, do you have any suggestions for them? Marty Gould: They should immediately contact a lawyer to understand their rights, because they don't have to make a decision whether they want to file a claim or not just yet. But they should understand are there any deadlines that could apply to them, is there any statute limitations that may be expiring soon, and speak with a lawyer and find out what their rights are and also whether they have a potential claim. Marty Gould: Maybe they don't, but it would probably give them some peace of mind to know that they had asked the lawyer. They had spoken to a lawyer, and they did not meet the criteria, but you don't want to sit around and do nothing if there's a chance that your Zantac consumption did cause serious injuries up to and including cancer. Marty Gould: If you were taking Zantac for a long period of time and you don't have cancer, you should still be monitoring their health. I would speak to a doctor about it, just to get their opinions on whether you are at risk, and more importantly, to make sure that you don't take any other substances like Zantac that have this toxic substance, and that you switched to alternative drugs that are safer for heartburn or acid reflux. Jonathan Rosenfeld : This is great information, Marty. I really appreciate you sharing your expertise with us today. I look forward to talking with you about this again as these cases proceed towards trial. Thanks again, and I'm going to put your contact information in our show notes, but we appreciate your time. Thank you.

Take the stress and anxiety from day to day mumhood by following the NDMA ABC of Culture Cooking and Coping. Film reviews with a twist, piss easy recipes to impress your kids, books, music lessons, automobile maintenance and honest hosting to make you feel that hopefully everything will be OK in times of depression, worry, addiction and parenthood.​NDMA aims to bring about real change, in small steps to you and your community.If you enjoyed this episode please support us and our chosen charities.New episode Thursdays.northdownmums1@gmail.com33% of all Patreon goes directly to local charities in Bangor, Co Down.https://www.patreon.com/northdownmums

Take the stress and anxiety from day to day mumhood by following the NDMA ABC of Culture Cooking and Coping. Film reviews with a twist, piss easy recipes to impress your kids, books, music lessons, automobile maintenance and honest hosting to make you feel that hopefully everything will be OK in times of depression, worry, addiction and parenthood.​NDMA aims to bring about real change, in small steps to you and your community.If you enjoyed this episode please support us and our chosen charities.New episode Thursdays.northdownmums1@gmail.com33% of all Patreon goes directly to local charities in Bangor, Co Down.https://www.patreon.com/northdownmums

Take the stress and anxiety from day to day mumhood by following the NDMA ABC of Culture Cooking and Coping. Film reviews with a twist, piss easy recipes to impress your kids, books, music lessons, automobile maintenance and honest hosting to make you feel that hopefully everything will be OK in times of depression, worry, addiction and parenthood.​NDMA aims to bring about real change, in small steps to you and your community.If you enjoyed this episode please support us and our chosen charities.New episode Thursdays.northdownmums1@gmail.com33% of all Patreon goes directly to local charities in Bangor, Co Down.https://www.patreon.com/northdownmums

The FDA released a statement about reports of metformin that's sold in the US containing NDMA (a carcinogen). This is in light of metformin sold outside the US having low levels of NDMA. The detected levels, though, are "within the range that is naturally occurring in some foods and in water."  FDA still recommends (and I agree with them) the continued use of metformin as prescribed while their investigation is ongoing. (In this live session, I'll also cover questions about CGM, CIMT, statins, gut biome, and insulin resistance.)For more information, contact us at 859-721-1414 or myhealth@prevmedheartrisk.com. Also, check out the following resources:  ·PrevMed's website·PrevMed's YouTube channel·PrevMed's Facebook page

Zantac was a popular drug for many years but has now been removed from shelves. If you are  wondering why this once popular heart burn medication is now facing recall and litigation, listen to this podcast episode.  In this episode Clay Hodges shares the story of Zantac, how successful marketing turned the medication into a blockbuster, and how harmful chemicals eventually forced it off the market. If you or someone you know may have taken Zantac, this episode is full of vital and resourceful information.    Show Highlights:    What is Zantac  How marketing enhanced the popularity of Zantac  The negative impacts of NDMA and what makes it dangerous  What makes NDMA a major health risk  How NDMA can form in the body after taking Zantac Ways NDMA can show up in the Zantac manufacturing process  Zantac multidistrict litigation (MDL) and other issues with ranitidine    Links:  Contact Clay: 919--546-8788 https://www.northcarolinaproductliabilitylawyer.com/failed-hips-and-harmful-drugs-the-product-liability-podcast/ Note: Defendants in the Zantac/ranitidine litigation dispute many of the allegations in the MDL litigation, and Plaintiffs will have to prove their cases in court. The information provided in this podcast was developed from studies, news articles, and publicly-available court materials.

Pfizer's History of Crimes and Misdemeanors   Richard Gale and Gary Null Progressive Radio Network, March 10, 2021     Whenever it is necessary to make an evaluation of the efficacy and safety of conventional drug-based medicine, it is imperative to include the rising rate of iatraogenic injuries and deaths – medical errors – that has become the third leading cause of death in the US after cardiovascular disease and cancer. The majority of these deaths are caused by FDA approved drugs' adverse effects and when patients are prescribed multiple medications in the absence of thorough clinical research to determine the safety of their synergistic effects.  Consequently our health agencies' oversight and monitoring of drugs on the market is dismal and deadly.    Among the top pharmaceutical companies whose drugs and products have most contributed to the nation’s iatrogenic epidemic is the $51 billion multinational behemoth Pfizer Inc, the world’s third most profitable drug maker. Pfizer is one of America’s oldest pharma firms, founded by Charles Pfizer and Charles Erhart in a Brooklyn red brick building in 1849. The chemical company began to boom in the 1880s after becoming the leading manufacturer of the chelating, flavoring and preservative agent citric acid. With its expertise in fermentation chemistry, Pfizer later became a leader in the production of penicillin and ascorbic acid (Vitamin C). Today its 300-plus drugs are commonplace in American doctors’ tool kits: Zoloft, Zantac, Viagra, Enbrel, Flagyl, Lipitor, and several antibiotics. It is also a major player in the generic drug market and is rapidly becoming a leading vaccine maker with its pneumococcus vaccine (Prevnar) and more recently with its controversial mRNA vaccine against the SARS-CoV2 virus. In the irrational panic to quickly get a vaccine against the SARS virus to market, its Covid-19 vaccine was the first to receive emergency use authorization   Pfizer's legacy of lawsuits goes back to the late 1950s. According to the Corporate Research Project, it “has been at the center of controversies over its drug pricing for more than 50 years.” Back in 1958 it was charged by the Federal Trade Commission for price fixing and making false statements to dubiously acquire a patent for tetracycline. Two years later the Justice Department filed criminal antitrust charges against Pfizer’s board chairman and president John McKeen on the matter. Again in 1996, the drug company paid out $408 million to settle another lawsuit for price fixing and gouging pharmacies. In 2002, Pfizer was caught defrauding the federal Medicaid program for over-charging its flagship cholesterol drug Lipitor. Other similar charges include a $784 million settlement for underpaid rebates to Medicaid and $107 million fine for overcharging its epilepsy drug phenytoin sodium.   The company has even stooped so low as to engage in bogus advertising. Shortly after the Second World War, Pfizer created snazzy ads for the Journal of the American Medical Association for its antibiotic line. The ads included named physicians endorsing its drugs. However, according to a Saturday Review investigation, the doctors turned out to be completely fictitious.   As the company is positioned to earn $19 billon from its Covid-19 vaccine, at the same time it is legally battling against hundreds of lawsuits due to its popular heartburn drug, Zantac, being contaminated with the carcinogen N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), an “extremely hazardous” toxin used in rocket fuel and industrial lubricants. Although the FDA erroneously claims that Zantac’s NDMA levels are low, they have still been measured to be between 3,000 and 26,000 times higher than the FDA’s safety cut-off point. Another adverse effect of NDMA is hepatotoxicity leading to liver fibrosis and scarring.   According to the law firm Matthews and Associates, since “the history of Pfizer is rife with so much subterfuge and under-the-table dealing that the company will need all the help it can get to promote confidence in its hastily assembled Covid vaccine.” If the mainstream media were to honestly cover the NDMA trial underway and other Pfizer confrontations with the law, perhaps its vaccine would not be receiving such uncritical fanfare. There would be more scrutiny and warranted suspicion to question how Pfizer could have developed a truly safe and effective vaccine in such a short period of time.   In our earlier reviews of the criminal records of Merck and Johnson and Johnson, we did not find evidence of the depths of demented ethical behavior solely to manipulate its market control as we do with Pfizer. In fact, Pfizer seemingly is in competition to outdo notorious hedge fund vulture capitalist and underworld strategies to bully governments in return for securing supplies of its Covid-19 vaccine. For example, Pfizer demanded that Argentina pay the company compensation for any civil lawsuits filed against it. The government compromised and ruled that Pfizer would only pay fines for any negligence on the company’s behalf with respect to supply and distribution. But that was not agreeable to the vaccine maker. Instead it then demanded that Argentina provide its sovereign assets –bank reserves, military bases and embassy buildings – as collateral to secure vaccine supplies.    In Brazil, Pfizer’s aggressive and malignant efforts failed. It demanded that the Brazilian government turn over a guaranteed fund deposited in a foreign bank account and that the government would waive its sovereign assets abroad. Pfizer also demanded that it not be held legally liable for any injuries or deaths due to its vaccine. Correctly, President Bolsonaro called Pfizer’s demands “abuse” and rejected the deal.    If this gives the impression that Pfizer is a serial predator on poorer foreign nations, Argentina and Brazil are only the most recent examples. In 1996, the company conducted illegal experimental trials with an unapproved experimental antibiotic, Trovan, on Nigerian children without parental knowledge or consent. The case was not raised in a US federal court until 2001 after thirty Nigerian families sued. After 100 children were given the drug as guinea pigs, “eleven children in the trial died, others suffered brain damage, were partly paralyzed or became deaf.”  Nigerian medical experts ruled that Pfizer violated international law and the US federal case was eventually settled a decade later for an undisclosed amount.    Pfizer’s dirty politics and mafia-like activity in the Nigeria scandal, reminding us of Monsanto’s sleazy schemes, goes beyond the dangers of an experimental antibiotic. Wikileaks made available State Department cables showing that Pfizer had hired spies to dig up dirt to frame a former Nigerian attorney general in order to get the lawsuit dropped. It also tried to shift the blame of the scandal on Doctors Without Borders by making a false claim that the non-profit charitable group was responsible for dispensing the antibiotic.    Already in the US, thanks to Reagan’s Vaccine Injury Compensation Act, vaccine makers are off the hook for being held legally accountable for vaccine adverse effects. Now the company is demanding that other nations change their laws solely for Pfizer to secure maximum profits from its Covid vaccine. Pfizer’s actions are utterly parasitical. Nor should we forget that the development of its vaccine has largely been publicly funded. Its Covid vaccine partner Biontech received $445 million from the German government, and Pfizer has received almost $2 billion from US taxpayers as pre-payment for a vaccine.    Pfizer’s leech-like behavior goes back even further. In 2003, after it appeared that Congress might pass a bill to permit cheaper prescription drugs in Canada for sale in the US, Pfizer attempted to change the rules of the game and demand Canadian pharmacies to order directly from Pfizer rather than wholesalers in order to dominate the market and interrupt the supply chain.    Pfizer’s track record for fines and lawsuits for violation of its drug safety profiles and ethical marketing are equally damning. In 2009, it was fined $2.3 billion for what was then the largest healthcare felony settlement in US pharmaceutical history for illegally promoting its drugs, including its painkiller Bextra. $1.2 billion was just for the criminal fine; at the time, this was the largest ever imposed in the US for any issue. In 2011, it was found guilty of racketeering charges for illegally marketing its anticonvulsant drug Neurontin and paid $142 million. Three years later Pfizer was fined $430 million to settle criminal charges for bribing doctors to promote and prescribe the same drug.     Nor should we ignore Pfizer’s dreadful environmental record: 1971 - Long time illegal dumping of a million gallons of industrial waste annually from its Groton plant into the Long Island Sound;  1991 - A $3.1 million fine for refusing to install pollution control equipment in its Delaware River plant 1994 – A $1.5 million fine for illegal dumping at a toxic waste site in Rhode Island 2003 – Paid a $700 million settlement for dumping PCBs in Anniston, Alabama.   Now, we are facing the widespread distribution of Pfizer’s experimental mRNA Covid-19 vaccine wherein the trials to determine its level of safety and efficacy are still underway. It is still too early to make any determination of Pfizer having been engaged in any nefarious activities to get its vaccine rushed to the public. Impropriety and medical negligence so far lies on our government’s shoulders and our bought-off corporate media. Federal health agencies simply ignored their regulatory obligations and gave the vaccine a green light prematurely. Nevertheless, reports of injuries and deaths continue to mount and we will not have any sense of the full cost to human life and suffering from vaccine injuries for a while. In the meantime, China has suspended the mRNA vaccine after a flurry of deaths among Norwegian elderly. The Gibraltar Chronicle reported the deaths of 13 people within two days of receiving Pfizer’s vaccine and that number has risen to over 50 on the tiny island. Hundreds of vaccinated Israelis are still coming down with SARS-CoV2 infections after vaccination. The highly prestigious journal Science reported the growing concerns over the Pfizer vaccine’s polyethylene glycol nanoparticle and its relationship to the growing number of rare but serious allergic reactions and cases of anaphylaxis. And in a briefing document released by the CDC’s Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee gave warning that the Pfizer vaccine trials give indication of unusual and unexpected antibody responses, cytokine storms and pathogenic priming that give rise to critical illness and death.    Therefore there is no evidence whatsoever that Pfizer’s Covid-19 vaccine can scientifically and consensually be ruled as safe. But as we have observed from Pfizer’s litany of criminal activities above, safety and effectiveness of a drug or product has never been a priority in the company’s executive office.    All told, these examples of Pfizer's culture of greed, deception, political maneuvering and mafia-like tactics has collectively injured countless people. Pfizer is a global corporation. Its drugs, and now its Covid-19 vaccine are marketed globally. To better understand Pfizer, the company should be perceived foremost as a cash cow for Wall Street. Its prime directive is selling drugs; its history of misdemeanors and crimes should indicate the company holds no integrity or medical ethics with a sincere commitment to prevent and treat disease. For firms such as Pfizer, injuries and deaths are the necessary collateral damage of getting poorly tested products on the market and as fast as possible. In our opinion, a black box warning should be slapped on the Pfizer logo. And should we trust such a company with the potential to vaccinate an enormous percent of the world population with an experimental vaccine?  

The FDA announced another recall of metformin ER on October 5, 2020. Since December 2019, the FDA has been investigating the presence of NDMA (a possible carcinogen) in some metformin batches. Does this mean patients should stop taking metformin as their diabetes medication?In this podcast, let's discuss:The FDA metformin recallsWhy is metformin being recalled? NDMA (the contaminant in recalled metformin batches, ARBs, & other meds)Should we stop taking metformin? For more information, contact us at 859-721-1414 or myhealth@prevmedheartrisk.com. Also, check out the following resources: PrevMed's blog articlePrevMed's websitePrevMed's YouTube channelPrevMed's Facebook page

In the November 2020 episode of the JAAPA Podcast, co-hosts Kris Maday, PA-C and Adrian Banning, PA-C discuss a CME article on the efficacy of prostatic urethral lift versus transurethral resection of the prostate. They also examine an article on potentially malignant oral lesions and explore a case of anti-NDMA receptor encephalitis. Then, our co-hosts discuss original research on the persistent wage gap between male and female PAs. Plus, Kris leaves everyone hanging.

The FDA keeps recalling medications for contamination with NDMA, and the contamination was recently found in the first-line antidote for antipsychotic weight gain: metformin. Published On: 11/2/2020 Duration: 13 minutes, 13 seconds Got feedback? Take the podcast survey.

The FDA has X5 drug manufacturers who are not named to voluntarily recall several lots of extended-release metformin after agency lab testing reveal unacceptable levels of the nitrosamine impurity N- Nitrosodimethylamie, or NDMA... --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/Teddy-G/support

Vidcast:  https://youtu.be/MC-G-qPAslw   The FDA and the Apotex Corporation announces recall of Apotex’s Metformin HCl extended release tablets. 500 and 750 mg tablets.  One lot of this medication was found to have dangerously high levels of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA).  This agent is a probably human carcinogen.  Metformin is a medication for treatment of type 2 diabetes along with diet and exercise.  If you have this product, return it to the point of purchase.  If you purchased it online directly from Apotex, call Inmar Rx Solutions at 1-888-985-9014.  Notify your doctor to be certain that you obtain an alternative for managing your diabetes.   https://www.fda.gov/safety/recalls-market-withdrawals-safety-alerts/apotex-corp-issues-voluntary-nationwide-recall-metformin-hydrochloride-extended-release-tablets   #recall #metformin #ndma #diabetes  

Korea24 – 2020.05.26. (Tuesday) - News Briefing Part 1: Rajiv Biswas of IHS Markit discusses KOSPI's recovery to the 2000 mark, as it rebounded from its nosedive in March amid the COVID-19 pandemic. - News Briefing Part 2: More schools carry out their final check-up and quarantine preparations as they are set to open their doors on Wednesday amid ongoing concerns of coronavirus spread. (Rosyn Park) - In-Depth News Analysis: Dr. Bernhard Seliger, Resident Representative of the Hanns Seidel Foundation(한스자이델재단) in Korea, discusses the Demilitarized Zone's(DMZ) values and the prospects for cooperation with N.Korea as South Korea plans to inscribe the area as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. - Korea Trending with Lee Ju-young: The Ministry of Food and Drug Safety's decides to ban diabetes medication containing NDMA, the KBO applies disciplinary actions on South Korean former major leaguer Kang Jung-ho(강정호), and North Korea increases their propaganda efforts through a new Youtube channel. - Touch Base in Seoul: Frances Cha, the author of "If I Had Your Face," talks about her debut novel that follows four young women's paths in a world defined by impossibly high beauty standards. - Morning Edition Preview with Mark Wilson-Choi: Mark shares a feature from the Korea Times on artist Brittany Fanning, as she releases a series of coloring cards of cats to help those in desperate need of adoption.

The met office says Cyclone Amphan could intensify into a Severe Cyclonic Storm within 12 hours over central parts of South Bay of Bengal.   Well, the cyclone comes at a time when the country is already grappling with the coronavirus pandemic.   The NDRF said that it was ready to undertake massive evacuation of 1.1 million people likely to be hit by it.   Odisha Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik has directed officials to prepare a plan for relocating people living in vulnerable areas to safer places along with an early restoration of water supply and power infrastructure. The state has set a zero casualty target. As the storm rolls in towards the Indian shores ominously, the cyclone is likely to unleash heavy rain and high-velocity winds in large swathes of coastal Odisha, West Bengal and Andaman & Nicobar Islands.   Twelve coastal Odisha districts — Ganjam, Gajapti, Puri, Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara, Bhadrak, Balasore, Mayurbhanj, Jajpur, Cuttack, Khorda and Nayagarh — are on high alert   IMD also warned that the high-velocity winds may cause extensive damage to mud houses and partial damage to 'pucca' structures.   The winds may also lead to bending or uprooting of power and communication poles, minor disruption of railways and may affect overhead power lines and signalling systems and also cause widespread damage to standing crops, plantations, orchards, the IMD said.   To review arising cyclone situation, PM Narendra Modi to chair high-level meeting with MHA, NDMA at 4 pm Monday.   IMD Director General Mrutyunjay Mohapatra said that northern parts of Odisha are likely to be more affected due to the cyclone.   Coastal districts like Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara, Bhadrak and Balasore are likely to experience heavy rainfall accompanied by high-velocity winds, particularly on May 19 and 20, he said.   West Bengal Home Secretary Alapan Bandopdhyay said the entire state machinery was prepared to deal with the situation. Disaster management teams are being sent to cyclone shelters in coastal areas, and other places likely to be affected. Around 50 boats of fishermen have been damaged in Rameswaram following the thunderstorm and rainfall which hit parts of the state last night.   The Odisha government urged the Centre to temporarily suspend running of 'Shramik Special' trains to the state's coastal districts in view of the impending cyclonic storm   The cyclone is likely to cross West Bengal-Bangladesh coasts between Sagar Islands in Bengal and Hatiya islands in Bangladesh on May 20 as a very severe cyclonic storm, Regional MeT Director in Kolkata G K Das said.   Seven NDRF teams have been deployed in six districts of West Bengal - South 24 Parganas, North 24 Parganas, East Midnapore, West Midnapore, Howrah and Hooghly. According to Ministry of Home Affairs, the cyclone will make a landfall in West Bengal on Wednesday.   Odisha has managed cyclonic storms better since a super cyclone in October 1999 killed almost ten thousand people. In Odisha, 10 NDRF teams have been deployed in seven districts. 15 ODRAF units have also been pre-positioned in the coastal districts of the state. One team of NDRF consists of around 45 personnel.   About the large number of migrants returning to Odisha from other states, many of them on foot, personnel at border checkposts have been asked to take appropriate steps keeping the cyclone situation in mind.

11 persons, including one child, have died after chemical gas leakage of styrene gas at LG Polymers industry in Visakhapatnam this morning. 1,000 people were reported sick after the gas spread in five villages within a three-km radius of the plant at around 3.30am. Meanwhile, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said he was 'closely monitoring' the situation in Visakhapatnam and had spoken to officials in the Union home ministry and the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). PM Modi also called for a meeting of the NDMA at 11 am today to take stock of the situation. 27 persons are involved in the relief and rescue operation being conducted by NDRF What is styrene gas? Styrene is a flammable liquid that is used to make polystyrene plastics, fiberglass,  synthetic rubber,  resins and latex. It occurs naturally in some fruits, vegetables, meats, nuts, and beverages. Styrene is used to make: Insulation. Styrene,  is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5CH=CH2. This derivative of benzene is a colorless oily liquid although aged samples can appear yellowish. The compound evaporates easily and has a sweet smell, although high concentrations have a less pleasant odor. Exposure to styrene, can affect the central nervous system (CNS), causing headache, fatigue, weakness, and depression. What is impact of the the leak? Chronic exposure to styrene in humans can affect the central nervous system (CNS), causing headache, fatigue, weakness, depression and CNS dysfunction, hearing loss, and peripheral neuropathy. People woke up in horror with breathlessness and a burning sensation in their eyes as the emission spread to the adjoining villages. Some fell unconscious while fleeing King George Hospital’s G Arjuna said a high concentration of gas near the leakage point and a longer period of inhalation by people when they were asleep made them sick. Where did the gas leak take place? The gas leak happened at the LG Polymer plant at Gopalapatnam on the outskirts of Visakhapatnam. Workers were preparing for the reopening of the plant today when gas started leaking in the early hours. How many people were evacuated As many as 3,000 people were evacuated to safe places and at least 250 were admitted to various hospitals, according to initial reports. Those in critical condition were put on oxygen support. Vizag collector Vinay Chand said the administration rushed ambulances and other vehicles to evacuate people soon after receiving the information at around 4 am. Efforts were still on to contain the leakage completely. About the plant Established in 1969, the LG Polymers manufacturing plant produces hypol and EPS polymers, polystyrene, expandable polystyrene and other styrene polymers, according to the company’s website. These are widely used for electrical and electronics packaging, cold storage, boxes for agricultural and fishery products. It also manufactures engineering plastic which is lighter yet stronger than general plastics. Thus, it is used as an industrial raw material for automobiles and electronic parts. The Indian subsidiary of South Korea's LG Chem had taken it over 15 years ago. What could have been cause of the leak? The plant had been shut for 40 days due to the nationwide lockdown in force to prevent the spread of coronavirus. The leakage is believed to have taken place when the plant’s employees were preparing to reopen it following some recent relaxations announced by the government. Only a thorough investigation will reveal what exactly happened An official of LG Polymers issued a statement that there was 1800 tonnes of styrene in the storage tank. He said that due to stagnation and changes in temperature it could have resulted in auto polymerization which could have caused vapourisation. LG Chem, the owner of LG Polymers, said in a statement that the gas emitted in the leak can cause nausea and dizziness when inhaled. It said it was seeking to ensure

In the sixth Episode of the IJLPP Podcast, Aakash Chandran, Saurabh Pandey and Pranav Tanwar discuss: 1. Problems of Migrants amid lockdown and International Law perspective on it 2. Legality of Executive orders under NDMA and other laws 3. Aarogya Setu app and the privacy concern Follow us at: Website: www.ijlpp.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/IJLPP1 Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ijlpp/ LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ijlpp/ SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/ijlpp For doubts, queries and feedback: info@ijlpp.com About IJLPP: Indian Journal of Law and Public Policy (IJLPP) is a blind peer-reviewed, bi – annual, law and public policy publication. It is a student reviewed and edited Journal based and operated from New Delhi and comes out with two editions i.e. Summer and Winter in each of its volume every year. We, at IJLPP, seek to create a platform where there is a flow of ideas and thoughts regarding issues which mutually relates to policy making and law. This journal is our solemn effort to promote erudite discernment and academic scholarship over this relationship, in a way which is not mutually dependent on each of these fields but which is mutually exclusive and independent. The focus has been to give a multi – disciplinary approach while recognizing the various effects of law and public policies on the society.

This episodes covers the latest COVID-19 news including drug shortages, a new point-of-care diagnostic tool, the role of vitamin C, misuse of non-pharmacological chloroquine, and also some big news about a popular heartburn drug.

Day 21 inside CQB: The FDA sends a new warning if you have Zantac with NDMA. Make sure to follow FDA guidelines if you still have this medicine inside your home. Georgia Governor Kemp just find out something about COVID-19 that everyone knew, but Kris Cruz thinks is part of a late April fools joke. Jeffy has a problem with Gen. Mark Milley after he spoke about the drug cartel bringing drugs to the U.S. Larry David has a special mediate for you all people that are still partying around the U.S. Subscribe on YouTube Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

High levels of carcinogen NDMA were found in batches of Metformin from manufacturers tested by Valisure, an online pharmacy. Metformin is the 4th most popular drug in pharmacy so a recall would impact tens of millions of diabetic patients.

That burning feeling in your chest after you eat a heavy meal could be heartburn. Or it could be worry over the drugs you've taken to treat that heartburn. Among the top medical stories of 2019 was the discovery of contaminants in common medicines, and ranitidine—best known as Zantac—took up a large share of those headlines. A cancer-causing substance known as NDMA has been repeatedly found in one of the most popular antacid drugs in the United States.

Derzeit kein Hinweis auf verunreinigte EU-Produkte. Weitere Informationen: https://www.bfarm.de/SharedDocs/Risikoinformationen/Pharmakovigilanz/DE/RI/2019/RI-metformin.html Dieser Podcast-Service wird ihnen ermöglicht mit freundlicher Unterstützung von Bronchipret®

Vor 48 Stunden: Erste Chargen in Asien zurückgerufen. Weitere Informationen: https://www.hsa.gov.sg/announcements/news/hsa-recalls-three-out-of-46-metformin-medicines / https://www.apotheke-adhoc.de/nachrichten/detail/apothekenpraxis/metformin-kommt-das-ndma-aus-dem-blister/ / https://www.deutsche-apotheker-zeitung.de/news/artikel/2019/12/05/vorerst-keine-metformin-rueckrufe-pruefungen-laufen Dieser Podcast-Service wird ihnen ermöglicht mit freundlicher Unterstützung von Bronchipret®

Recently Zantac came under enormous regulatory heat for what was believed to be discovered a contaminant known as NDMA, a known carcinogen, linked to stomach cancer, liver cancer and colorectal cancer. Since the June 2019 reporting, it has since been believed that the chemical composure of Zantac, or its generic known as Ranitidine, may turn into NDMA once it comes into contact with the human stomach. With Zantac, and its generic, also being made for infants, anyone who takes heart burn medications, or provides them to their infant, needs to listen and share this highly informative podcast immediately.

This week we talk about NDMA findings in ranitidine products; Approval of a new flu vaccine; The return of an antiarrhythmic agent; A new treatment for H. pylori infection; and the risk of biotin interference in test results which could lead to missed diagnoses.

The US FDA recently recalled the popular heart burn medication Zantac due to discovery of the cancer causing chemical NDMA. Listen to this podcast to understand the risks and what to do with your Zantac if you have been a regular user.

In this episode, David Light, CEO of Valisure (the company which alerted the FDA to the Zantac cancer concerns), explains the story behind the recent recalls by manufacturers of ranitidine, a common heartburn medication, sold under the trade name Zantac, due to a potential link to increased cancer risk. David breaks down all the evidence, the role of his unique pharmacy company which tests all its drugs before being dispensed to consumers, and the reason behind the FDA’s tempered reaction to the alarming study results. David makes the argument that Zantac/ranitidine is an inherently unstable molecule which explains the grossly excessive amounts of NDMA (a probable human carcinogen) as opposed to just a contamination for which there could be numerous causes. Finally, David and Peter both provide recommendations for what to do if you or someone you know is currently taking Zantac/ranitidine. We discuss: The impetus for starting Valisure, a unique online pharmacy that tests all its medications [6:45]; The story behind the recall of valsartan, and the role which Valisure played [24:30]; Testing Zantac: The shocking results from Valisure’s initial testing with major potential cancer implications [36:00]; NDMA - the probable human carcinogen found in Zantac/ranitidine [48:45]; The epidemiology question: Are we inferring too much from epidemiology? What can we take away from the existing studies? [53:30]; The staggering results from the 2016 Stanford study, why it didn’t alarm more people, and how Valisure found the missing biological link [1:01:30]; Alerting the FDA, the FDA’s tempered response, and question of contamination vs. inherent instability [1:07:30]; How confident is David that the elevated levels of NDMA being found in ranitidine are not due to instrumentation, human error, or temperature contamination? [1:24:15]; The massive risk being taken by the FDA by not doing more to keep ranitidine away from consumers [1:25:15]; If someone is taking Zantac/ranitidine, what should they do? What else do they need to know? [1:27:45]; and More. Learn more: https://peterattiamd.com/ Show notes page for this episode: https://peterattiamd.com/davidlight/ Subscribe to receive exclusive subscriber-only content: https://peterattiamd.com/subscribe/ Sign up to receive Peter's email newsletter: https://peterattiamd.com/newsletter/ Connect with Peter on Facebook | Twitter | Instagram.

Valsartan is a popular blood pressure medication that the FDA has discovered significant contamination involving the industrial chemical NDMA, also classified as a probable carcinogen. If you know someone who has been diagnosed with stomach, colorectal or liver cancern while taking (or previously taking) Valsarten, then you will want to listen to this podcast.

Ecco le notizie più importanti della settimana selezionate da "Ascolta la Notizia". Partiamo con la cronaca L'EMA, agenzia europea del farmaco, ha richiesto un controllo a tappeto su tutti i farmaci autorizzati al commercio nell'Unione Europea. L'obiettivo è di verificare a scopo precauzionale l'eventuale presenza di sostanze cancerogene.La decisione arriva dopo il ritiro dal commercio, da parte dell'Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco, di una serie di medicinali contenenti il principio attivo di ranitidina.Secondo gli esperti la ranitidina, prodotta dall'officina Saraca Laboratories Ltd in India, conterrebbe la N-nitrosodimetilammina (Ndma), un'impurità potenzialmente cancerogena. Significa che l'esposizione sopra i livelli di sicurezza alla ranitidina può aumentare il rischio di tumore a lungo termine.Tra i tanti prodotti ritirati c'è il Buscopan antiacido, lo Zantac in compresse, l'Ulcex, il Ranibloc. L'elenco completo dei medicinali banditi è disponibile sul sito dell'AIFA.Tuttavia,"chi è in cura con questi farmaci non deve interrompere i trattamenti, perché l’eventuale presenza di nitrosammine non è mai così elevata da rappresentare un danno per la salute", lo ha affermato Alessandro Mugelli, presidente Società Italiana di Farmacologia, intervistato dal Corriere della Sera. "La presenza di nitrosammine non comporta un serio rischio di tumore, anche se questi medicinali sono presi per lungo tempo e a dosi elevate. Perché in genere si tratta di quantità minime", ha spiegato Mugelli. Le ultime notizie di attualità ci dicono che Si è concluso, venerdì 27 settembre, il terzo atto delle manifestazioni mondiali per il clima.Dopo gli scioperi degli scorsi 15 marzo e 24 maggio, 180 città italiane e 27 Paesi di tutto il mondo hanno aderito ai cortei pacifici indetti da Fridays for Future, il movimento globale nato da Greta Thunberg.Oltre un milione di italiani sono scesi in piazza. "Tutto il mondo si unisce per gridare a gran voce che la crisi climatica sta arrivando e dobbiamo fare tutto il possibile per fermarla. Siamo in una vera e propria emergenza e dobbiamo agire di conseguenza!", si legge sul sito Friday for Future Italia."Gli studenti italiani che protestano saranno giustificati", ha affermato il ministro dell’Istruzione Lorenzo Fioramonti.Le rivendicazioni di Greta Thunberg, che chiede riforme per contrastare il riscaldamento globale, sono iniziate nell’agosto del 2018 davanti al parlamento svedese.Venerdì la giovane attivista ha manifestato a Montréal, in Canada, dove si discute delle emissioni degli aerei.Le proteste del 27 settembre hanno chiuso la #WeekForFuture, settimana di manifestazioni per il clima, iniziata venerdì 20 settembre. Secondo gli organizzatori sono state coinvolte in tutto 4 milioni di persone. Spostiamoci sul versante internazionale Kevin Burns, amministratore delegato della Juul, un'importante azienda di sigarette elettroniche americana, si è dimesso.Secondo alcune indiscrezioni, Burns ha lasciato il suo incarico perché l'azienda starebbe attraversando delle difficoltà a causa dei misteriosi malesseri che hanno interessato centinaia fumatori di e-cig negli Stati Uniti, negli ultimi mesi. Anche se, la responsabilità dei malori non è da attribuire nello specifico alla Juul.Inoltre Burns starebbe avendo diversi problemi legali per aver promosso i suoi prodotti violando le regole federali statunitensi.Secondo la Food and Drug Administration, agenzia Usa che si occupa di sicurezza alimentare e farmaceutica, la Juul promuoveva illegalmente le sigarette elettroniche come più sicure rispetto a quelle classiche. La campagna pubbli

Ranitidine & NDMA controversy - is it really being Banned? (ENGLISH) Ranitidine Ban - Is it True? Is Ranitidine really Dangerous? Do we need to worry about it? Will it give us Cancer? Is it banned now in America/ India? What is NDMA? Answering these and other similar questions, your personal child specialist - Dr. Gaurav Gupta Disclaimer This information is intended as a patient education resource only and should not be used for diagnosing or treating health problem as it is not a substitute for expert professional care. If you have or suspect you may have a health problem please consult your healthcare provider --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/gaurav-gupta6/message

Here are the links for everything discussed in Episode 4 Approval of Rybelsus for treatment of type 2 diabetes Expanded indications for Pifeltro & Delstrigo Approval of Jynneos vaccine for monkeypox/smallpox Update on NDMA found in ranitidine products Flu Part 4 Connect with The Rx Daily Dose:Twitter      Instagram      YouTube      Linkedin       WebsiteEmail: therxdailydose@gmail.comConnect with Ian Parnigoni PharmD. on social media:Twitter       Instagram       Linkedin Connect with Kathy Bender PharmD. on social media:Instagram      Linkedin        ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

Today I am going to be discussing the FDA’s recent release about Zantac, a drug commonly prescribed for acid reflux and heartburn. This is a topic I'm extra passionate about because a recent study confirmed that this drug has potentially dangerous levels of NDMA, which is a chemical that has been linked to liver damage and cancer. In this episode, I explain the dangers of taking Zantac and other proton-pump inhibitors, as well as where the ingredients for these drugs are being manufactured. I also share several natural ways to tighten up your lower esophageal sphincter and how to heal your stomach lining so you can heal your body naturally and stop ingesting these hazardous chemicals. You can find show notes and more information by clicking here: http://thedigestiondoctor.com/108  

Here are the links for everything discussed in Episode 3 Added indication for Nucala for children 6 years and older Approval of Ibsrela for IBS-C treatment Added indication for Erleada for mCRPC Approval of Keytruda & Lenvima in combination Update on NDMA found in ranitidine products Flu Part 2 Connect with The Rx Daily Dose:Twitter      Instagram      YouTube       WebsiteEmail: therxdailydose@gmail.comConnect with Ian Parnigoni PharmD on social media:Twitter       Instagram       Linkedin  ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

Harriet explores the link between #NDMA and carcinogens in humans. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/harrietcammock/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/harrietcammock/support

The FDA says that cancer risk associated with NDMA contained in impure valsartan is definitely real, but it is very low. Also today, drinking during pregnancy could impact cognition, sexual function counseling should start early, and those with HIV a develop more frailty.

Jorrdee revient avec un nouvel album "Avant" avec de nouveaux objectifs, devenir aussi frais que Stromae dans "comme un belge" et s'aimer autant que Kanye West sur "Kanye M Kanye". Il y glisse également un morceau hommage à Mylene Farmer avec "California", où il parle des muses ayant eu l'occasion de croiser le fer avec Deejorr. Le 14 Avril sortait un album largement attendu par l'équipe et longtemps retardé, "Tout me fait rire", deuxième effort solo de LOAS après NDMA en 2015. On y retrouve la moitié, ou plutôt le tiers, de DFHDGB en pleine dépression nous livrant ses expériences les plus marquantes et ses bribes de sentiment les plus spirituels.Mac Tyer, le Général du 93 que French Kiss comme l'intégralité du rap game tient en haute estime poursuit avec brio sa série de mixtapes Banger avec le 3ème opus, alliant hymnes à la rue et morceaux plus personnels comme "Elle m'a fait" en featuring avec Jok'air, où les deux rappeurs nous confient leurs déceptions amoureuses vis à vis de femmes très sollicitées.Enfin on écoutera un morceau d'Isha , trentenaire belge qui se redécouvre une seconde jeunesse avec sa mixtape "La vie augmente".Et on se quitte avec le mix tubesque de Gazel intitulé E-MST en feat avec Jorrdee, Damso & Booba, Ash Kidd, Gros Mo et Roméo Elvis.Rdv au 88 dimanche les French Kisseurs pour la soirée spéciale Abcdrduson / SURL, pour voir le Captain Nemo et nous mêmes, en vrai.Tracklist:Jorrdee - Roulez jeunesseMac Tyer & Jok'air - Elle m'a faitLOAS - Flingue en porcelaineIsha - La vie augmenteMix E=MST by Gazel

The fight against back pain and nerve pain can take many forms. Low back pain affects over 35% of American's and can be a serious problem for people especially when it comes to lost time from work. Neuropathy has challenges of its own and can be equally debilitating. Speak to most any chiropractor and they will let you know that the structural integrity of the body is key in treating and preventing back and nerve pain. Talk to Dr. Dean and she’ll let you know that structural treatment has its place but will only take you so far if you are magnesium, mineral or nutrient deficient! For example, clinical experience and research in nerve pain conditions such as pancreatic cancer has shown that magnesium can be an effective treatment for pain. Although it is clear why magnesium can decrease muscle pain (it makes muscles relax), why magnesium relieves nerve pain has become equally clear and beneficial for people who suffer from pain. A major mechanism of pain is the excessive stimulation of a brain chemical called “NMDA.” The few medications that help decrease and balance this pain-carrying neurotransmitter have the downside of causing significant side effects. But, guess what? Magnesium seems to settle down NDMA without the toxicity! A therapeutic magnesium like ReMag can be used to get a substantial and beneficial amount of magnesium into the body to settle down muscles and nerves! Not only does magnesium helps calm both the nervous system and your muscles – helping to ease nerve related pain but it can also ease anxiety and promote better sleep – which can be hugely beneficial to those whose back or nerve pain makes sleep difficult.

The fight against back pain and nerve pain can take many forms. Low back pain affects over 35% of American's and can be a serious problem for people especially when it comes to lost time from work. Neuropathy has challenges of its own and can be equally debilitating. Speak to most any chiropractor and they will let you know that the structural integrity of the body is key in treating and preventing back and nerve pain. Talk to Dr. Dean and she’ll let you know that structural treatment has its place but will only take you so far if you are magnesium, mineral or nutrient deficient! For example, clinical experience and research in nerve pain conditions such as pancreatic cancer has shown that magnesium can be an effective treatment for pain. Although it is clear why magnesium can decrease muscle pain (it makes muscles relax), why magnesium relieves nerve pain has become equally clear and beneficial for people who suffer from pain. A major mechanism of pain is the excessive stimulation of a brain chemical called “NMDA.” The few medications that help decrease and balance this pain-carrying neurotransmitter have the downside of causing significant side effects. But, guess what? Magnesium seems to settle down NDMA without the toxicity! A therapeutic magnesium like ReMag can be used to get a substantial and beneficial amount of magnesium into the body to settle down muscles and nerves! Not only does magnesium helps calm both the nervous system and your muscles – helping to ease nerve related pain but it can also ease anxiety and promote better sleep – which can be hugely beneficial to those whose back or nerve pain makes sleep difficult.

This is Special English. I&`&m Ryan Price in Beijing. Here is the news.China&`&s manned spacecraft Shenzhou XI will stay in space for 33 days, the longest since the country first sent a man into space in 2003. The mission presents more challenges in protecting astronauts&`& physical and mental health.A zero-gravity environment will affect the astronauts&`& cardiovascular systems, and lead to muscle atrophy, weakened immunity and faster bone loss. These make the spacemen more vulnerable to disease.To fight the negative impacts, spacemen will use treadmill and chest-expander to practice in the space lab, and wear penguin suits, which produce more tension with its elastic materials, to prevent muscles weakening.Also, to relieve the stress of being astronauts, psychologists, families and colleagues on the ground will communicate with them through video, audio or e-mail.Before the mission, the astronauts carried out 33 days of closed training. Except for weightless conditions, every process in the training lab was modeled on that in the space lab.The eight training subjects were physical fitness, mental fitness, space environment adaption, weightless protection, rescue and survival skill, rendezvous and docking, medical first-aid, and in-orbit experiment.Multiple experiments will be carried out when the astronauts enter the Tiangong II space lab. They will also carry out space material experiments, space plant cultivation and in-orbit maintenance of the spacecraft.This is Special English.The Chinese government has prioritized education in its efforts to eradicate poverty in the past 4 years.According to a white paper unveiled recently, to ensure poor people&`&s access to education, the government has taken measures to promote balanced compulsory education and bridge the education gap between urban and rural areas.The document was released by the State Council, China&`&s Cabinet. It said that in the period between 2012 and 2015, the central government injected 83 billion yuan, roughly 12 billion U.S. dollars, in renovating schools for compulsory education. It also earmarked 14 billion yuan to build dormitory buildings for some 300,000 teachers in remote rural areas.In less-developed central and western parts of the country, the number of children enrolled in kindergartens rose from 21 million in 2011 to 28 million last year, up 30 percent.China offered cost-of-living subsidies for rural teachers in poverty-stricken areas, benefiting over one million teachers.The average annual growth rate of rural students from poor areas enrolled in key universities was kept above 10 percent.The white paper added that the country also reinforced poverty relief efforts through developing industries with local features, improving medical security and supporting employment. You&`&re listening to Special English. I&`&m Ryan Price in Beijing. A potentially cancer-causing chemical known as NDMA has been found in the drinking water of 44 Chinese cities. Samples from the eastern and southern parts of the country have been found to have relatively high concentrations.Measured in nano-grams per liter, NDMA is a byproduct of the disinfection process used for chlorinating drinking water. It is considered an "emerging contaminant", together with other related chemicals known as nitrosamines.Samples were taken from more than 100 sites in 23 provinces. The average NDMA concentrations for finished water and tap water are almost four times the figures in the United States.The two figures in the Yangtze River Delta areas are high, posing a digestive cancer risk for residents there.Lead researcher Chen Chao, an associate professor at Tsinghua University said the NDMA concentration in drinking water is a pressing issue that demands more research and systematic modifications.According to the World Health Organization, NDMA and other nitrosamines cause cancer in laboratory animals. Currently, the substance is not regulated as a drinking water quality standard in China. No maximum level has been set.Chen said it may be included soon as a standard for water safety.This is Special English.Checkpoints at airports and train stations in Sichuan Province have given up radiation screening after a safety outcry.The Shuangliu International Airport in Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, has stopped using X-rays in public security checks.The airport made the change in response to a statement issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection to the province, urging it to stop using X-ray machines for security screening.The statement was issued by the ministry after many passengers complained that X-rays posed a health threat.At train stations and airport checkpoints in Chengdu, passengers were required to stand in front of a machine for around 10 seconds. All passengers, including pregnant women, were subjected to the procedure without being informed about what the facility was or what it was doing.The maker of the equipment claimed the machine used "weak photon emissions", but medical doctors said it was X-rays and using X-ray for the checks is harmful to human health and is banned in other countries.The United States adopted X-rays for public security checks to discover weapons after the Sept 11 terrorist attack. But because of the public opposition and the development of more sophisticated technology, the equipment was banned.You&`&re listening to Special English. I&`&m Ryan Price in Beijing.The total number of organ transplant surgeries performed in China is expected to reach 15,000 this year. The figure will be a record high and an increase of almost 50 percent over last year.Senior officials and experts said that after the abolishment of procuring organs for transplant from executed prisoners since the beginning of last year, the number of organs donated after death has increased rapidly.Last year, around 10,000 organ transplant surgeries were performed nationwide. Chinese officials and experts made the remarks at the International Organ Donation Conference in Beijing.The surgery totals include transplants using organs from living donors.The number of people who donated organs after death in China this year reached almost 3,000 by the end of September, which is an increase of 50 percent compared with the same period last year.This could make China the second in the world, behind the United States, in the number of organ donors by the end of the year.The total number of donated organs harvested after death last year in China exceeded 7,700, more than the total numbers for 2013 and 2014 combined.The officials said China stopped using organs from executed prisoners on Jan 1 last year, when voluntary donations became the only legal source for transplants.This is Special English.Meteorological disasters have been blamed for the destruction of at least 50 billion kilograms of grain in China annually.Climate change is having an increasing impact on food and agriculture, with each rising degree of Celsius causing 10 percent of grain loss. That&`&s according to figures released at a promotion activity in Nanjing for the 36th World Food Day.China is one of the countries most affected by meteorological disasters, with droughts causing around 60 percent of all the losses in the country.Officials from the China Meteorological Administration said immediate measures need to be taken to address the issue. It urged the country to play down the effect of meteorological disasters in grain production, processing and consumption.China managed to diminish grain losses with a variety of measures in the past, including building new granaries and repairing old ones, as well as upgrading transportation equipment. You&`&re listening to Special English. I&`&m Ryan Price in Beijing. You can access the program by logging on to newsplusradio.cn. You can also find us on our Apple Podcast. If you have any comments or suggestions, please let us know by e-mailing us at mansuyingyu@cri.com.cn. That&`&s mansuyingyu@cri.com.cn. Now the news continues.An aging World War II-era C-47 aircraft has landed at Kunming in Yunnan province, after a commemorative "Hump flight", widely known as the most dangerous air route in China during World War II. The plane is heading for Guilin in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. There it will be donated by the Flying Tigers Historical Organization to the Flying Tigers Heritage Park in Guilin for permanent display. The "Hump" was one of the most important air ways connecting China with allied forces in South Asia. During the war, around 850,000 metric tons of supplies reached China from India via that route. And around 1,500 U.S. planes crashed along the way, falling victim to the formidable mountains of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and their fickle, often nasty, weather conditions. The pilots said the huge ridges looked like humps, thus the nickname. The American Volunteer Group, also known as the Flying Tigers, took on the dangerous mission, and American C-47 aircrafts delivered the first, small load of supplies in July 1942. The plane currently has five crew members, including two from the United States and three from Australia. Their average age is above 70 years old.This is Special English.A new archaeological find announced recently in Mexico attests to China&`&s age-old vocation as an exporting powerhouse.Mexican archaeologists have uncovered thousands of fragments of a 400-year-old shipment of Chinese "export-quality porcelain" that was long buried in the Pacific Coast port of Acapulco.The shipment of rice bowls, cups, plates and platters dates from the reign of the Ming Dynasty&`&s 13th emperor Wan Li who died in 1620. The goods are believed to have arrived in Acapulco aboard the China Galleon, which sailed regularly between Asia and the New World.The findings include five types of export-quality porcelain which were made in China and exported around the world.The white-and-blue porcelain was painted with images of birds, beetles, swans, and other depictions of nature. These porcelain goods were mainly made in Jingdezhen which is known as China&`&s "Porcelain Capital".The discovery coincides with an exhibition at Mexico City&`&s Franz Mayer Museum which highlights China&`&s artistic influence on the New World through trade.While Mexico and China are separated by a great distance, trade ties have linked the two regions for centuries.You&`&re listening to Special English. I&`&m Ryan Price in Beijing.（全文见周日微信。）

This is Special English. I&`&m Mark Griffiths in Beijing. Here is the news.President Xi Jinping has urged local authorities to leave no stone unturned in the solid implementation of precision poverty relief measures to lift the poor out of poverty. He made the remarks in a congratulatory statement sent to a commendation meeting held in Beijing, which honored organizations and individuals for their outstanding poverty alleviation work. The president has called for combined efforts of local officials in poverty-stricken areas and all sectors of society to battle poverty and support the reform and innovation of poverty relief. More than 600 million Chinese people were lifted out of poverty in the past three decades, around 70 percent of the world total. China became the first developing country to meet the millennium development target. For the coming years, the government has named poverty reduction one of its top priorities. It vowed to help the remaining poor people shake off poverty and enjoy essential social services by 2020. There are still 70 million poor people, who live below the poverty line of 2,300 yuan in annual income.This is Special English.China will further enhance the capacity of its agricultural sector to cope with climate change by improving the quality of farmland and reducing food loss and waste.Climate-related disasters account for the loss of 50 billion kilograms of grain in China every year, and climate change may further trigger uncertainties in the country&`&s natural environment.The government will continue its efforts to implement measures to cope with the impact of climate change on the agricultural sector. The measures will include conservation tillage to increase organic content in soil and better integrate water management.Officials and experts made the remarks at an event marking World Food Day which fell on October 16th.Coping with climate change is one of the major issues that China is facing as it seeks to ensure food security. China&`&s total population is expected to reach 1.5 billion by 2030. The country will have to produce an extra 100 billion kilograms of grain to meet the demand of such an increase. However, climate change could result in a 5 to 10 percent decrease in the country&`&s total grain production in the near future.You&`&re listening to Special English. I&`&m Mark Griffiths in Beijing.A potentially cancer-causing chemical known as NDMA has been found in the drinking water of 44 Chinese cities. Samples from the eastern and southern parts of the country have been found to have relatively high concentrations.Measured in nano-grams per liter, NDMA is a byproduct of the disinfection process used for chlorinating drinking water. It is considered an "emerging contaminant", together with other related chemicals known as nitrosamines.Samples were taken from more than 100 sites in 23 provinces. The average NDMA concentrations for finished water and tap water are almost four times the figures in the United States.The two figures in the Yangtze River Delta areas are high, posing a digestive cancer risk for residents there.Lead researcher Chen Chao, an associate professor at Tsinghua University said the NDMA concentration in drinking water is a pressing issue that demands more research and systematic modifications.According to the World Health Organization, NDMA and other nitrosamines cause cancer in laboratory animals. Currently, the substance is not regulated as a drinking water quality standard in China. No maximum level has been set.Chen said it may be included soon as a standard for water safety.This is Special English.China has carried out almost 3,000 organ donations in the first nine months of this year, up 50 percent year on year. The National Health and Family Planning Commission said that at present, the annual average number of organ donations in China is first in Asia and third around the world. Its annual number of organ transplants is second only to the United States.The government started to pilot changes to the organ donation system in 2010. The unauthorized trading of organs was made illegal through an amendment to the Criminal Law. Moreover, a new system for organ management and distribution was launched in 2013 to better regulate donations.A member of China&`&s National Organ Donation and Transplantation Committee said the increase in voluntary donations shows that the public is more confident in the distribution of donated organs.You&`&re listening to Special English. I&`&m Mark Griffiths in Beijing.An aging World War II-era C-47 aircraft has landed at Kunming in Yunnan province, after a commemorative "Hump Route" flight, widely known as the most dangerous air route in China during World War II. The plane is heading for Guilin in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. It will be donated by the Flying Tigers Historical Organization to the Flying Tigers Heritage Park in Guilin for permanent display. The Hump Route was one of the most important air ways connecting China with allied forces in South Asia. During the war, around 850,000 metric tons of supplies reached China from India via the route. Around 1,500 U.S. planes crashed along the way, falling victim to the formidable mountains of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and their fickle, often nasty, weather conditions. Pilots said the huge ridges looked like humps, thus the nickname. The American Volunteer Group, also known as the Flying Tigers, took on the dangerous mission, and American C-47 aircrafts delivered the first, small load of supplies in July 1942. The plane currently has five crew members, including two from the United States and three from Australia. Their average age is more than 70 years.This is Special English.A restaurant owned by Swedish furniture giant Ikea is now off-limits to those who don&`&t buy food, after it became a popular rendezvous for the elderly to socialize in Shanghai.Ikea told its Xuhui restaurant two weeks ago to prohibit people from occupying seats if they don&`&t pay. Since then, the crowds have shrunk noticeably during the lunch hour, as much as half.For years, elderly people flooded to the restaurant every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon to meet friends or on blind dates, at zero cost. The crowd sometimes exceeded the 700-seat capacity. Free coffee is available, with an Ikea membership card which can be easily obtained with an ID card.Ikea told China Daily that the restriction took effect on Oct 5. Ikea said in its written response that there had been misbehavior and the local police have becom involved. A cup of coffee is priced at 5 yuan at the Ikea-owned restaurant for nonmembers, half the cost of many fast food chains. But experts say it wasn&`&t about the money. A survey conducted by Renmin University of China found that half of the elderly aged above 60 live alone, and a quarter of them said they feel lonely.You&`&re listening to Special English. I&`&m Mark Griffiths in Beijing. You can access the program by logging on to newsplusradio.cn. You can also find us on our Apple Podcast. If you have any comments or suggestions, please let us know by e-mailing us at mansuyingyu@cri.com.cn. That&`&s mansuyingyu@cri.com.cn. Now the news continues.Jia Jia, the longest-living giant panda in captivity, was put to sleep on Sunday at Ocean Park in Hong Kong, where she was widely known for its fondness for playing with a lavender scented cloth and her gentle disposition.The female panda turned 38 in August, equal to 114 human years, and held two Guinness World Records, for being the oldest giant panda in captivity and the oldest living panda in captivity. Jia Jia was found as a cub in 1980 in the wilds of a nature reserve in Sichuan province.In the past two weeks, Jia Jia&`&s condition greatly deteriorated. She lost its appetite and her weight fell from 71 to 67 kilograms. On Sunday, she could no longer walk.Veterinarians from Hong Kong&`&s Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department decided to spare her further suffering and she was put to sleep on Sunday evening.A senior official of the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda said it was the right thing to do because her condition was beyond hope.Ocean Park is holding a memorial event for Jia Jia inside the park and online. A video honoring her memory was uploaded to Ocean Park&`&s social media page. A memorial board was set up in front of the Panda House in the park.Before she was sent to Hong Kong, Jia Jia lived for 18 years at the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda in Sichuan. There she gave birth five times, having six cubs, four of which are still living.Three pandas remain at Ocean Park. Ying Ying and Le Le, both aged 11, are in good health; while 30-year-old An An is the world&`&s second-oldest male giant panda in captivity.This is Special English.A man has drowned while participating in Hong Kong&`&s annual cross-harbor swimming race; and a female swimmer is said to be in critical condition in a hospital&`&s intensive-care unit. The man, surnamed Ho, was pulled unconscious from the water by a rescue boat 300 meters from the finish line. The 46-year-old was described by his parents as a man who loved to swim. He had completed the cross-harbor swim every year since it was reinstated in 2011. Ho was also a regular marathon runner. The tragedy was the first recorded death in the formal swimming race since it was resumed in 2011, having been suspended for decades owing to pollution in the harbor.A 60-year-old woman had been pulled from the water moments earlier, before Ho was taken to the hospital.You&`&re listening to Special English. I&`&m Mark Griffiths in Beijing.A female rock climber has spent two months painting a portrait of the young man she was attracted to on the face of a cliff in Zhejiang Province. But her expression of affection will soon be removed at the request of the local tourism authority. The picture of a young man&`&s smiling face is 6 meters tall. It was painted on a rock atop a 500-meter-high mountain in a national park. The painting was created in a recess of the rock, and it was not discovered until another climber posted photos of it online. The 34-year-old female bank clerk claimed that she drew the picture.The woman, who wanted to remain anonymous, said the young man in the portrait is an experienced rock climber. He was known locally for being the first to attempt to climb the mountain without safety equipment in 2012. He got stuck midway up the cliff and had to be rescued. The woman tried several means to win his heart, but her efforts ended in vain. So she decided to paint his image at his high point to impress him.She also used imported mineral paints to draw the picture. In order to ensure accuracy, she had to climb to another mountain from time to time to view the picture from a distance. She said she did not expect her secret to be discovered so soon. The national park said the picture will be removed because it violets relevant laws. This is Special English.（全文见周六微信。）

It's no secret that there are many ways to heal the body and the mind. There is the physical approach, the spiritual approach, and the mental approach. Holistic healing includes the body, mind and the non-physical. Often when an individual experiences a challenge of body or mind they may start with one or two different therapies and then branch out into complimentary disciplines that contribute to continuously feeling better and better. For example, take back pain. Low back pain effects over 35% of American's and can be a serious problem for people especially when it comes to lost time from work. Sometimes finding a great chiropractor can be the beginning of recovering from back injury but as the back in healing, what can be done about the back pain itself? Clinical experience, as well as research in nerve pain conditions such as pancreatic cancer, has shown that magnesium can be an effective treatment for pain. Although it is clear why magnesium can decrease muscle pain (it makes muscles relax), why it would help nerve pain has become equally clear and beneficial for people who suffer with pain. A major mechanism of pain is the excessive stimulation of a brain chemical called “NMDA.” The few medications that help decrease and balance this pain-carrying neurotransmitter have the downside of causing significant side effects. But, guess what? Magnesium seems to settle down NDMA without the toxicity! For an especially powerful effect, a therapeutic magnesium like ReMag can be used to get substantial and beneficial amount of magnesium into the body to settle down muscles and nerves! Tonight on LIVE with Dr Carolyn Dean we'll be discuss this and much more!

It's no secret that there are many ways to heal the body and the mind. There is the physical approach, the spiritual approach, and the mental approach. Holistic healing includes the body, mind and the non-physical. Often when an individual experiences a challenge of body or mind they may start with one or two different therapies and then branch out into complimentary disciplines that contribute to continuously feeling better and better. For example, take back pain. Low back pain effects over 35% of American's and can be a serious problem for people especially when it comes to lost time from work. Sometimes finding a great chiropractor can be the beginning of recovering from back injury but as the back in healing, what can be done about the back pain itself? Clinical experience, as well as research in nerve pain conditions such as pancreatic cancer, has shown that magnesium can be an effective treatment for pain. Although it is clear why magnesium can decrease muscle pain (it makes muscles relax), why it would help nerve pain has become equally clear and beneficial for people who suffer with pain. A major mechanism of pain is the excessive stimulation of a brain chemical called “NMDA.” The few medications that help decrease and balance this pain-carrying neurotransmitter have the downside of causing significant side effects. But, guess what? Magnesium seems to settle down NDMA without the toxicity! For an especially powerful effect, a therapeutic magnesium like ReMag can be used to get substantial and beneficial amount of magnesium into the body to settle down muscles and nerves! Tonight on LIVE with Dr Carolyn Dean we'll be discuss this and much more!

It's no secret that there are many ways to heal the body and the mind. There is the physical approach, the spiritual approach, and the mental approach. Holistic healing includes the body, mind and the non-physical. Often when an individual experiences a challenge of body or mind they may start with one or two different therapies and then branch out into complimentary disciplines that contribute to continuously feeling better and better. For example, take back pain. Low back pain effects over 35% of American's and can be a serious problem for people especially when it comes to lost time from work. Sometimes finding a great chiropractor can be the beginning of recovering from back injury but as the back in healing, what can be done about the back pain itself? Clinical experience, as well as research in nerve pain conditions such as pancreatic cancer, has shown that magnesium can be an effective treatment for pain. Although it is clear why magnesium can decrease muscle pain (it makes muscles relax), why it would help nerve pain has become equally clear and beneficial for people who suffer with pain. A major mechanism of pain is the excessive stimulation of a brain chemical called “NMDA.” The few medications that help decrease and balance this pain-carrying neurotransmitter have the downside of causing significant side effects. But, guess what? Magnesium seems to settle down NDMA without the toxicity! For an especially powerful effect, a therapeutic magnesium like ReMag can be used to get substantial and beneficial amount of magnesium into the body to settle down muscles and nerves! Tonight on LIVE with Dr Carolyn Dean we'll be discuss this and much more!

It's no secret that there are many ways to heal the body and the mind. There is the physical approach, the spiritual approach, and the mental approach. Holistic healing includes the body, mind and the non-physical. Often when an individual experiences a challenge of body or mind they may start with one or two different therapies and then branch out into complimentary disciplines that contribute to continuously feeling better and better. For example, take back pain. Low back pain effects over 35% of American's and can be a serious problem for people especially when it comes to lost time from work. Sometimes finding a great chiropractor can be the beginning of recovering from back injury but as the back in healing, what can be done about the back pain itself? Clinical experience, as well as research in nerve pain conditions such as pancreatic cancer, has shown that magnesium can be an effective treatment for pain. Although it is clear why magnesium can decrease muscle pain (it makes muscles relax), why it would help nerve pain has become equally clear and beneficial for people who suffer with pain. A major mechanism of pain is the excessive stimulation of a brain chemical called “NMDA.” The few medications that help decrease and balance this pain-carrying neurotransmitter have the downside of causing significant side effects. But, guess what? Magnesium seems to settle down NDMA without the toxicity! For an especially powerful effect, a therapeutic magnesium like ReMag can be used to get substantial and beneficial amount of magnesium into the body to settle down muscles and nerves! Tonight on LIVE with Dr Carolyn Dean we'll be discuss this and much more!

We’re changing things up this week at On Your Mind and taking a more critical look at a paper that we’ve developed strong opinions about.  From the unnecessarily long title to the unfortunate lack of controls, we’ve got alot to say about “Reelin, an extracellular matrix protein linked to early onset psychiatric diseases, drives postnatal development of the prefrontal cortex via GluN2B-NMDARs and the mTOR pathway” by Iafrati et al. (doi: 10.1038/mp.2013.66).  On the upside, this article is open access so we encourage you to download it and form your own opinions.  The authors do a series of behavioural, electrophysiological and pharmacological experiments using a mouse model that’s heterozygous for a functioning reelin gene.  Reelin is a protein that’s involved in guiding neural progenitors to their final destination, and seems to influence the maturation of NMDA receptors.  It has also been indirectly associated with a number of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia.  Mice that are heterozygous for reelin show an erasure of fear memory and impaired long term potentiation and dendritic spine formation in their pre frontal cortices.  It seems that ketamine, an NDMA receptor antagonist and controversial new antidepressant, lessens some of these impairments in this model.  Besides a thorough dissection of their experimental design, we also talk about issues with interpreting “negative” data, how lucky we are to have visualized science (www.benchfly.com; www.jove.com) and the concept of the impact factor.   Finally, to end on a positive note, we talk about a really interesting pair of neuroscience blogs, from the same author, that take a look at the field from both sides (http://neurocritic.blogspot.ca/;  http://neurocomplimenter.blogspot.ca/).

We meet with Matt Carmichael,former Chef of Sidedoor, Eighteen and Social, to discuss his new restaurant, El Camino, opening soon on Elgin Street. We also have Mike and Sharif from Creative Mornings Ottawa to discuss all things creative in Ottawa. Music from NDMA!

We meet with Matt Carmichael,former Chef of Sidedoor, Eighteen and Social, to discuss his new restaurant, El Camino, opening soon on Elgin Street. We also have Mike and Sharif from Creative Mornings Ottawa to discuss all things creative in Ottawa. Music from NDMA!