Podcasts about Crowfoot

In this episode of The Water Zone, California Secretary of Natural Resources Wade Crowfoot discusses the state's water infrastructure, detailing its current status and future needs. He highlights key initiatives, including the Sites Reservoir project and Delta Conveyance expansion, emphasizing their critical role in meeting California's long-term water demands. Crowfoot also explores the integration of advanced technologies for agricultural irrigation and groundwater monitoring, as well as partnerships with countries like Israel, the Netherlands, and Denmark to adopt cutting-edge water efficiency methods. Additionally, he provides insights into the diverse entities he oversees, such as the State Board of Water Resources, Cal-Fire, and Fish and Wildlife. Podcast Recorded on January 16, 2025

Tim Sweet chats with Harold Horsefall, an Indigenous issues strategist from the Pasqua First Nation, about his inspiring path from firefighter to cultural leader. Harold shares his journey rooted deeply in traditional values and leadership principles. Harold highlights the importance of preserving language, place names, and cultural landmarks and how they shape the understanding of the land. He also opens up about the impact of his family's residential school history, which fuels his dedication to truth, reconciliation, and advancing Indigenous relations through meaningful projects like managing a memorial for residential schools.Harold offers insights into the progress and challenges in Indigenous relations, noting increased federal investments since 2015 and advocating for greater support in areas like education. He emphasizes continuous self-improvement and aligning work with personal values, drawing parallels between traditional practices like the sweat lodge ceremony and the process of reconciliation. Harold reflects on the balance of material success and personal fulfillment, encouraging listeners to pursue work that contributes to growth and happiness. Tune in to learn more about Harold's inspiring story, his current projects, and his vision for the future of Indigenous relations.About Harold HorsefallHarold Horsefall is an experienced Indigenous Relations Strategist who is focused on creating meaningful relationships between Municipal Government, the Treaty 7 Nations, the Metis Nation of Alberta Region 3, Inuit, and urban Indigenous Calgarians.Harold has a demonstrated track record of attaining results and is skilled in advancing Truth & Reconciliation to build mutually beneficial outcomes. He is a strategic thinker who aims to co-create with Indigenous Stakeholders. Harold is a well-rounded professional and has a Master of Global Management (International Business) from Royal Roads University. Resources discussed in this episode:Mount Yamnuska - WikipediaElbow River - WikipediaA History of the Indian Trust Fund videoThe Confluence - Calgary--Contact Tim Sweet | Team Work Excellence: WebsiteLinkedIn: Tim SweetInstagramLinkedin: Team Work ExcellenceContact Harold Horsefall: Website: The ConfluenceLinkedin: HaroldHorsefall--TranscriptHarold  00:01There was a high school in Calgary. It was great. And I'm very thankful I got to go there. It's called the Plains Indian Cultural Survival School. And so in there, like, I got exposed to a lot of traditional values that I otherwise wouldn't have. And so even like pow wow singing, like I did, pow wow singing 10, 20, and 30. And so there's some traditional values that I was focused on. So like to be a leader, you had to be a person who risked your life for your people, for the people, and you did so selflessly. That was the big draw. To be a firefighter, to be able to say that I did that, and I did for seven years. And seven is, of course, if you didn't know, it's a very significant number to Indigenous people. Tim  00:39I'd like to ask you some questions. Do you consider yourself the kind of person that gets things done? Are you able to take a vision and transform that into action? Are you able to align others towards that vision and get them moving to create something truly remarkable? If any of these describe you, then you, my friend, are a leader, and this show is all about and all for you. I'm Tim sweet. Welcome to Episode 48 of the sweet on leadership podcast. Tim  01:10Welcome to Sweet on Leadership. Thanks again for joining us. Today we have the privilege of speaking to Harold Horsefall. You are an Indigenous Issues Strategist. You are a person that I met when I was helping a team with a team building day and a strategy day, and you had me thinking for days after that with your presentation, which I really am grateful for. And luckily enough, one of the people there was was willing to put us in touch. And so here you are today, and I'm really excited for you to be on the show help our audience have a brand new perspective on a number of things, and I think it's going to be fantastic. So Harold Horsefall, thanks for joining me. Harold  01:55Oh, thank you for having me. The honor is, the honor's mine. The Privilege is mine. Tim  01:58I really appreciate it. So as we get going, here, you and I've had some conversations leading up to this point, and I'd like you to tell us, how do you see yourself? How would you describe Harold the person? Harold  02:11Sure, no problem. I guess to start, though, first I'll introduce myself and a name. My name is Harold Horsefall. I'm originally from the Pasqua First Nation, so it's on Treaty 4, just northeast Regina, the Qu'Appelle River Valley. So you know, if you jump in the Bow River, we're in Calgary here, you jump in the Bow River on my on a paddle board, I could get there eventually, but I'm born and raised in Calgary, Alberta here. So I just wanted to say that, and just say hello to any Indigenous listeners out there. Oki, Tân'si, Aaniin, and Dzīnísī Gújā. Harold  02:41Oh, thank you so much. Harold  02:42And Âba wathtech, sorry, Âba wathtech. I forgot that one. Tim  02:46Great. So people are aware, what were those languages you were speaking in? What was your? Harold  02:49Aaniin is Ojibwe, or so I'm Cree and Saulteaux, so the Pasqua First Nation is Cree and Saulteaux. Saulteaux is like plains Ojibwe, if you will. And then, Oki, is Blackfoot. Dzīnísī Gújā is Tsuut'ina, Âba wathtech is Stoney Nakoda, and Tân'si, or Tân'si is Cree. But also the Michif, their language, the Métis  language, it tends to be, on average, that the verbs are Cree, sometimes Ojibwe, and then the nouns are French. Tim  03:20That is a great way for us to actually take a moment and although we didn't talk about this, but I mean, acknowledge that we are on this land as we record this today. I live just a hop, skip and a jump from the Tsuut'ina right there, like over a street I'm on. What is their land right now. I'm really thankful that we can just all be here and live in harmony together, and I think that it's great that it's such a vibrant part of our community here in Calgary. I remember on that day, when I came home, I was talking to my wife about how you were talking about the Elbow River, and that it was this confluence, and that everyone in North America knew that location, this this elbow, this trading area, was important. I had never appreciated you said you could get in a paddle board and end up where you needed to go, that that was the origin of that, that that word had so much meaning, that it was a that it was a fixed place in the mind of so many people. And that was one of the things that blew my mind that day. As we walked outside, we we looked around so. Harold  04:28Perfect. Well, I have another one for you if you want.Tim  04:29Please shoot.  Harold  04:30Okay, so everybody, well, for most Calgarians, go out to the mountains occasionally, or maybe some more than others, and they go past Mount Yamnuska. Yamnuska is so this is a little bit like, how did Indigenous people really know the land really good? And if you read any of the history, you know that was typically because that wasn't always, there was a lot of conflict. The Indigenous people in a certain area always knew their land better than than whoever was coming in. But how? There was no. Google, and there weren't any maps. A lot of it was, was is buried in the language, place names, especially so Yamnuska would be one of those. And my boss used to be Dr. Terry Poucette. She's a she's now a professor at the University of Calgary, and I think she was, she also a professor at University of Victoria. But anyway, she she, she was sharing with us that Yamnuska, if you say that to a Stoney person, that means messy hair. So that would be mount messy hair, which is a mistranslation, because then she said the correct way to say it is "e-yam-nuthka". So that's mount Îyâmnathka, and that means flat faced mountain. So then in the Indigenous languages, like with the confluence in Blackfoot, they say, Moh-kins-tsis. In Stoney they say, Wincheesh-pah. In Tsuut'ina they say, Kootsisáw, the Michif or the Metis called it Otos-kwunee. And they all mean elbow, the confluence of those rivers, yeah. And that would be and so there's all that language, all that variety, and the languages are very different, but they would tap their elbow because, yeah, the way that people would trade there was a sign language, and that sign language tended to be more uniform amongst the various speakers of different languages. Tim  06:15Was there a sign for Yamnuska? Harold  06:17I don't know that one. I'd have to ask Terry. Tim  06:20I should have a flatter face, but, you know, it's probably something. I'll put a I'll put a link for our listeners that are joining us internationally. I'll put a link to a couple of Wiki pages or something so they can actually see these areas and appreciate them later when we go out. I'll tell you a story about how I got trapped in behind Yamnuska, and I had to avoid a bear, and ended up there's a slough back there. And I crossed over, crossed over a creek, which then filled with water, and I had to hike all the way down to the highway, and I came out along Highway, what is it, 1-A, and there's the there's the lodge there, and then hitchhike back to my car, but it's long story so much younger days great. So if we were to think about, well, actually, this is a great opportunity for us to bring up a little tradition here, which is we have a question come from a previous guest. So, your question comes from Melanie Potro in London, who is a professional business and political stylist for women, and very concerned about women's place in leadership. So I'll go ahead and let her ask you a question. Melanie Potro  07:32 What was the trigger for that person, that made him or her go into that path? Harold  07:41I used to work in oil and gas, and I worked in accounting, and I was going to get an accounting designation. But always in my in my heart, I really wanted to be a fireman, actually, actually, I wanted to be a police officer, but my father-in-law talked me out of he said, being a firefighter is better. And so, so eventually, it's the path I went on. And then, so, while I was a firefighter, a friend of mine was, he was finishing his master's at the University of Calgary, and I was a fireman. So, then I took that career path. One of the benefits definitely was the work-life balance. And it was more like a life-work balance. I had a lot more free time, right? And I used to think, you know, you get you get time, or you get money. So I thought, You know what I want time because, like, that's you can't always just get that. So that was one of the main reasons why I chose being a fireman. At any rate, my friend was working on his master's degree and a side job. He worked hosting an Indigenous relations course that the University of Calgary still offers. It's called the Indigenous relations leadership course. He was leaving the job because he was finishing his program, he asked me if I wanted to do it. So I was like, sure, I'd love to. So I was a fireman. And then I was, I was hosting the Indigenous relations course at the University of Calgary. And then so it was great, because I would sit in on this course for four days. It was offered four days, three, four times a year, and I was sitting on this course. And so it was these professors would come in, and some of them were professors that I had when I did my undergraduate degree at the UofC. And then so they would come in, I started really picking up all the material, and I could, I could really go in depth with this. I was like, hey, you know what? I want to work in this field. And so then I got my own master's degree, global management from Royal Roads University. And then I started to hit the streets. I was like, Okay, I'm going to consult in this area. And I ended up meeting somebody at the City of Calgary, and they said, Well, I can't hire you because you're already an employee, because I was a firefighter. And then so then I was seconded into the, into my into that role that I have in my day job. Tim  09:38And that, of course, has led you to where you are today, and I really liked how you described how you see your position and how you see your own profession. So could you give us a little bit of that? Harold  09:48Sure, yeah, I guess I'll start though, is that my day job or the profession in which I'm in is more a deeper expression of myself. Because my mother went to the Lebret Indian residential school, and then so, as a result, we had in my family, my grandparents, there were very significant cultural, prominent people in our community. You know, they were healers, and all that information was lost. So they, like my mom was that the 12th youngest, and so she by the time she went through the residential school system, they just, I don't know the whole story. I didn't get to meet my grandparents. They passed away before I was born, but I just assumed that, you know, they learned that it was just much easier on the child if they didn't teach them as much, or really anything, especially in terms of the Indigenous language, my mom can hear it, and, like, if she hears it, she understands it, but she doesn't speak. So, a lot of those values kind of were, like, they kind of just went poof, right, which is a whole nother long story. And on my own time, I have a grant going forward. I'm hoping, crossing my fingers, I get it, and I'm going to dive deep on that story. Tim  11:10Can I just ask, when you say that they thought it would be kinder on the child, does that mean that the lessons and the language and everything, if they had passed it along, could have been a liability or could have been a risk for that, for that child. Harold  11:23Yea, 100%.  Tim  11:28Because the more they related to that, the more in danger they were. Harold  11:31Yeah, and literally, they would get beatings and worse, the beatings would be the easy part. Tim  11:38So, to protect the protect the child, you have to protect them from their history or from their legacy. Harold  11:45Yeah, because the goal of those schools was to eliminate the Indian in the child. Sometimes, yeah, and we won't go too dark, but sometimes it went further than that. Tim  11:54So well, it is a history that is really painful and shameful, and it's something that everybody, I would say, around the world, like so many other atrocities that that human beings have managed to inflict on one another, they need to be appreciated, and they need to be brought into the light, right? And so people can see how we've evolved and why. It's not all pretty, that is for sure. But to sum that up. You had said that you consider yourself a practitioner, and I really, really love that term. So, could you just introduce us to that? Harold  12:27Sure, yeah, as a practitioner of truth and reconciliation, you know what I do is to advance truth and reconciliation. So, one of the projects that I'm currently managing is a memorial for Indian residential school to create an environment of a reconciliatory environment between Indigenous and non Indigenous people. And part of it is getting this kind of information out there. That is a huge part of it, actually. Another part is to actually give a physical place that people can go for this kind of information. Tim  12:57And, and that will be at that at that confluence. Harold 12:57At the Elbow, yes. At the confluence, that's correct.   Tim  13:00And, and so, you know, in a sense, that's really, I mean, I'm just thinking about this now, I kind of getting goosebumps a little bit. But it's like, if you think about trading the most important things, then trading in that story and that knowledge and that ability, what a place to do it right? Because people who come from around the world to actually trade in that knowledge, and… Harold  13:27That's what I'm hoping. Tim  13:30Oh, man, that didn't hit me until sort of just now. So that's a whole different level. I love the word practitioner, because when we think about leaders and people who are really, they're really moving thought forward, and they're helping people embrace things, and helping people become, you know, their own, powerful individuals, people that that can express themselves in the world. You know, a practitioner, in my mind, is somebody that you don't, that doesn't just talk like they do. They, you're seeing them practice whatever they are. They're espousing. It's so much more powerful than somebody who is simply theoretical. I think that's such a great word, and I think that's where we're going to be heading today. So, before we get too much into that. I also want to just ask you this, if we were to see Harold Horsefall on any given day, what are we going to see? What is, what is? What is Harold Horsefall, the person, engage in, day in, day out? Harold  14:33Day in, day out. I guess, like I've started volunteering in an effort to really get out there. So, I volunteer for the University of Calgary Alumni Board. So, so I've been, you know, making my best to go to as many networking functions as possible, just to really get in there with people. I'm part of a meditation group, and I think that that's really helpful. And I have four children, so that's definitely above average, more than the average Canadian. So, yeah, I'm but my youngest is fourteen now. Tim  15:04You're a practitioner of sorts there. Harold  15:08Oh, yeah, almost accomplished. I'm almost like, on the verge of being an empty nest, empty nester. But my youngest is 14, so maybe three, four more years, and then he'll go to university then, and then, that's a whole nother, you know, it seems it's so expensive for the kids out there, right? Because I have a daughter who's at the UofC now, and she's still at home with us. Yeah, it's just so expensive out there. Tim  15:29It is, yeah, it's, it's something that just learning how to, how to exist in this world is such a wake up. My kids are going through the same thing right now. Harold  15:39So, then I'm like, the comma rents, you know, the pa-rents, free rent. Tim  15:44Yeah, there you go. Pa-rent. When we think about you meditating, and you and I talked about, you know, really making sure that we take time to develop ourselves and whatnot. How do you see people that are out in the workforce, when you see them managing their own lives and going through things and, you know, besides just your children, but people that you work with in, day in, day out, the community members we've got around us. What do, how do you see their relationship with time? Again, you talked about trading time for money that you would take time over that. What do you see out there in the in the world? Harold  16:27Oh, geez, a lot of people, you know, and I'm, I live in a material world, and you know, I prefer to have, you know, good, solid look good. Good, solid goods. And, you know, even clothing that makes me look good, right? But that said, like, definitely, I see, I see many people just chasing, like, this carrot, and you know, that's fine. It's good an all. But why? What does it do for you? Because I even got to speak with some, through the alumni, not through the Alumni Board, this is before I was on the Alumni Board, but through Career Services, because that university and the Indigenous relations course was through Career Services. And so I did speak to some alumni, some graduates, some new graduates, and as part of a panel, and I was like, Well, you know, like, you should really focus too on the things that make you happy, because even if you make a whole bunch of money, like, eventually the, I hope this doesn't get dark for people, but it's like 100% the one thing that we are sure of is that we will pay taxes and we will die. And so, it's like, so say you make, like, a billion dollars. You can't take it with you, not that I know of, right? So, so it's like, really, like, for your own self, like, and this was my, my message to new grads, right? And I don't know how it was received, but I felt that maybe it wasn't received as popular as some of the other people, because one person was, like a new they had a position with the Royal Bank of Canada, and it was like a director or something. And so that was the person, oooh we gotta like, you know, go around that person, and I'm just like, well, you know, you got to really focus on your life and what makes you happy as well. Doing well materially is good, but also making sure, hitting that it's like a Venn diagram, hitting that intersection between what's personally satisfying, I think, is also important. Tim  18:15I think that's a very interesting reaction to notice. I've seen the same with young leaders and even some accomplished leaders, that when you offer them a perspective that causes them any sort of doubt, when they're in a blind pursuit of something, you know, when they're heading towards something and they've either omitted facts or they've biased themselves towards things to overcome questions or fears or whatever they're doing, so that they can charge ahead in a certain area. And if one of those things is, you know, hustle culture, so it's like, no, you got to work hard, and you work hard young so that you can be rich later and get what you want or whatever. Anything that questions that, it's like it erodes the bedrock of what they or would actually say, erodes the house of cards that they're building themselves up upon. And it can get really scary for people that they will reject that thought outright, like, let's just not go there, because playing in that area is just it carries a lot more risk than we might realize for that person, because they're, they're built up on that. That's, you know, and I think it's, it's an, also an interesting thing, that when you meet people down the road in their careers, when they realize that they've built their approach on really shaky ground, and it'll last for a while, until the universe demands the truth. And then guess what? They're kicking in the water. They're thrashing around pretty good. So the earlier that we can get to truth, the earlier that we can get to facing these hard facts and really questioning what our assumptions, I think is a is a is an important point. I hope I took that in the right direction there. Harold  20:07Oh yeah, yeah, for sure, yes. Great conversation. Tim  20:09So when you think about the reaction of people to wanting to be around the person that emulates what they want to be, they want to be around that bank executive or whatnot. Tell me a little bit about that. What does that mean to a person besides, you know, potentially being an expression of we can see where their priorities are. But what's the hazard that comes out of that? Harold  20:34Oh, geez, I'm not sure. I've never really thought about that from somebody else's perspective, because, like, I wrestled with that, whereas, like, wanting to pursue a career that's gonna make me a lot of money and whatnot and high powered career, but for me, like, internally, I just couldn't there was this, like, a it was, like, it was a force field or something that I just couldn't get past. And because, like, for me, it was just, I really needed to, personally be able to be 100% invested in what I did. For example, it's the real old school traditional value on the plains. The best way to say that, I say I'm a Plains Indian. There was a high school in Calgary. It was great, and I'm very thankful I got to go there. It's called the Plains Indian Cultural Survival School picks and so in there, like, I got exposed to a lot of traditional values that I otherwise wouldn't have. And so even, like, pow wow singing, like I did, pow wow singing 10, 20, and 30. So, you know, like, it was great. And so there was some traditional values that I was focused on. So like, Crowfoot. Hugh Dempsey wrote a book on Crowfoot. And so it was, it was done really good and huge. Dempsey is a local southern Alberta historian, or was before he passed to be a leader for me as a plains from the plains culture, where we had teepees and we buffalo hunted, so that, like some people say, they who are Indigenous people, and that's what they'll think of teepees and buffalo culture, but that's the plains culture. Whereas in like out east, they lived in houses, and they were farmers. And same with out west. They were they lived in houses, long houses, and they also farmed and they fished and they traded. But for me, that's, that's what it was. And to be a leader. You had to be a person who risked your life for your people, for the people, and you did so selflessly. That was the big draw. To be a firefighter, to be able to say that I did that, and I did for seven years. And seven is, of course, if you didn't know, it's a very significant number to Indigenous people. There are seven brothers in the sky, so the Big Dipper stars. And other than that, that's some, actually part of the grant that I've got forward and crossing my fingers that I'm going to explore many of those issues. But four is also another one. And I do know more reason about why four is significant. There are four seasons. There are numbers that we tend to see in nature. So then there are four seasons. And then, accordingly, you could even break up your day to be like the four seasons. You wake up in the morning, and then you have your afternoon, and then your late afternoon into the evening, and it's almost like a mini cycle. So you're in a mini cycle on a bigger cycle inside of a bigger cycle. So four seems to be the number that is most associated with cycles. Tim  23:06There's so much there that we could unpack, but it immediately makes my mind go to my friend Julie Friedman Smith, who's a parent and coach here in town, and she's part of our association here, helping our clients out. And she said something that was very similar at one point to me. And she said, you know, people will often, they'll say whether or not their day was a success. And she said, it's much better if you if you can develop the language where, you know, well, the morning wasn't a success, or this last hour wasn't a success, but the next one can be. And you chunk things down into that sort of seasonal thinking, where it allows us to be a little more gentle on ourselves, and refocus and rebase and kind of have these cycles within our life. But as you were speaking there, I was thinking back to you saying that you're a practitioner of truth and reconciliation. Now, truth and reconciliation in Canada has a very specific meaning, which I think is important, but more broadly, the pursuit of truth. What's the truth of who we are and where we're sitting, and then reconciling with that? And I often think of that like doing the math right, like getting to the facts doing the math, and say, We have to reconcile ourselves with the facts of what just happened, and that takes some work right to get through it. And so the importance of that as a program can't be understated. The importance of that as an approach to life is also something that's fairly important, is getting down to that, where am I actually, and how do I feel about that, actually? And what does it mean for me, actually? Where are we actually? What's the truth of that? So if I can have you sort of expand on that a little bit. Could you tell me where you think we are in that journey? Harold  24:57So I guess I would say first that in. General, the atmosphere in Canada is is quite good, in the sense that if you use the idea of like Pareto improving, it's been a while since I since I've done economics. Tim  25:1080-20 rule. Harold  25:11Yeah, exactly. But just if you take like each day, or even each hour, and like and to the person that you mentioned. So if you took yesterday or even 20 years ago. And if you looked at the status quo of what it meant to be Indigenous in Canada, and then you look at it today, there's improvements. And so some of those improvements are definitely like, so I went to the University of Calgary, and if we look back into the 1980s if you go to the, it's called the Writing on Symbols Lodge now, it used to be called the Native Student Center when I went there, so I'm dating myself, but there's a graduate list on the wall. And in the 80s, there was like one, and then the next year, like 1985 or something, and then the next year there'd be like two or three, and then it's kind of went up, like a logarithmic scale. And then it's like, okay, that's awesome. So whatever it is that the environment is definitely there. And so even then, you know, a lot more people are respectful. And even just that, the way that we opened on this podcast, I think that was, that was excellent, and I'm finding a lot more people are much more open. It's still a long journey. And so my approach as a practitioner is always like so when I was young, I managed to reclaim a good chunk of my culture, and I did that personally while I was a teenager, so, you know, and I still did live a teenage life, but I also did do a life where I went to a lot of ceremonies, especially sweat lodges. They were very important. I was very blessed and fortunate. And you know, I would get myself to these sweats when I was, like 16. And a sweat lodge, for those who don't know, is, is, it's like a cleanliness ceremony, it's a spa and it's a sauna, but then it's dark, and we sing songs, and you do a lot of prayer or focusing like, I guess you could find it in like Bhuddist culture, they call that single point focus. So you do a lot of focus on that thing that that you are concentrating upon to live a good life, was the one that was general for me. But the thing with a sweat lodge is that when you go in and it symbolizes rebirth, in a sense, but when you go in say that you're taking in a whole bunch of negative kind of crap that kind of lingers in you through this process, you sweat it out. And the idea is that all of your impurities go with that sweat, and it cleans you out both like physically and spiritually, in addition to other areas. So it's more holistic in that sense. And so you have to sit in that initial if, say, you go in and you have a lot of negative energy and you're sitting in there, it's painful in the sense that it hurts, it's uncomfortable, and it's in the dark and it's somewhat crowded, so a lot of fears are already triggered for many people. So then you just have to learn to sit still through all of that. It's uncomfortable. You sit through it, and then eventually, when you come out, then I would say that reconcile. So that's like, kind of my model for truth and reconciliation. It's like sitting in a sweat. It's uncomfortable, but you sit there and you do it. Sometimes you'd even come out and you know, you'd be pretty red, bright red, almost like a little bird sometimes, but you know, and that's the thing, is, like, if it gets hot, you can't once the door is closed, you have to wait until the door is open, or you could go run out screaming. But it's generally, it's not advised and it's frowned upon. So you have to sit still. And that's the thing, when it gets really hot, if you like, start thrashing around and panicking, it just escalates on the top of itself, and you end up in a mess, right? So you have to really sit still, and you have to sit quiet, and you can't move, especially when it's really hot. That's one of the things I learned, and actually came in really handy, is when I was a firefighter working in really hot environments, because in, like, physically hot, because you don't move too fast. You have to stay composed, and you have to actually move very slow, and you have to be very purposeful with each movement. Tim  28:47So quite literally, you're sitting there having to face all of those things that are are weighing on you, moving you forward or holding you back. You have to take some deep, honest reflection and emerge with some increased amount of fluency about who you are and where you're going. Harold  29:09But that's the magic, because, like, you surrender to it, and then you when you do get out, you definitely are better than when you went in. And if you keep doing that repeatedly over time, then that's when you see the benefits. Tim  29:22I think that's cool too, because you haven't said anything really, although you're sweating it out. It's not like these things, these things remain. They're part of you, in a sense, right? But your relationship with them is different, and you can process it differently. You can handle it differently. When I go back to that thinking of those young people at the university that are new in their career and their and their orienting around about wealth and who they want to be. And we also talked about openness being so key to this, and then the societal openness may be open at one point, but then be getting more closed in other ways. Often, you know, we think of things in a static place that it's either open or it's closed, we're open or we're closed. The society around us is getting more open or more closed, but it's like this pendulum that kind of swings and seeing things in that cycle pattern, as you said before, where we have to be observant about that and whatnot. Do you think that it's getting better right now, or is it getting worse? Or are we on a pendulum, or is it, you know, where are we at this? Harold  30:31It's definitely getting better. A colleague of mine did send me email that in terms of finances, and it says, since 2015 This is taken from the Fraser Institute.org, and it says Since 2015 the federal government has significantly increased spending on Indigenous peoples from roughly 11 billion to more than 32 billion. You know, that sounds like that could sound like taxpayer money, but I don't. I would be more curious to dive into that. That's a whole process unto itself. But there is a large trust fund that is held on behalf of Indigenous people, and that's where many Indigenous things, like in education, which was negotiated during the treaties. In essence, I've done Indigenous relations courses for various organizations, corporate organizations. And one item that I like to always point out to, and I don't have it handy on a presentation, but if you look at annual GDP of Canada, and then you can, you can even look at areas like from natural resources, and you look at that value on an annual basis, and then you compare it to what the treaty rights are. So I get $5 a year, and I get education, maybe, maybe I get education. That in itself, is a whole episode. Probably do really investigating that, but it is pennies to billions of dollars. So then you think like, that's really where it is. So a lot of those funds, though, do come from a National Indian Trust account. And I encourage you to google it. I could probably even just throw in a link to a short video. Tim  32:10We'll put that link in the show notes for you. Harold  32:11Sure. Yeah, and it's put together by the Yellow Head Institute, and it's a really good video to watch. And it's just a short video, two and a half minutes, I think maybe two and a half to it's under five minutes. Tim  32:18Yeah, I think that's that's a really important thing too, for people to for Canadians to appreciate. Because there's a lot of myth and a lot of, I would say, bias and hearsay that goes into exactly proportionally. How do we support our native communities? How do we make good on the on the Treaty and the agreements that were promised? And it's pretty shocking when you see, you know what it actually means on an annualized basis. And then, oh, on the flip side, I'm optimistic with what you've said in terms of this exponential growth in education and whatnot. Because as I follow Indigenous creators, and I've got a few, as I was telling you before, people that I'm really, I'm really enjoying, kind of having in my life, and following their journeys, and, you know, appropriately consuming their content. There's a positivity that's out there, and there is an optimism that's out there, and there is a and there's an energy that's out there, which I think is just fantastic. And so although the totals may not be appropriate, and there's definitely room to move there. What people are doing with the time and the opportunities they've got is so inspiring. So that, to me, means that there's a new energy, there's a new confidence, there's a new identity that's coming out, and I think it's a steam roller. I think it's unstoppable. You know, you think of that, that Jim Collins example of the flywheel, if you've ever heard this, where you have this massive flywheel, and it's the size of a city, and one person could go up against it, and they could smack it one way or the other, and the thing wouldn't even move. It would be like a monolith that wouldn't even move. And often we have communities that are all smack it in different directions, and so the thing couldn't start to move even if it wanted to. But if we get enough people slapping that thing in the right direction, it starts to shudder, and then it starts to spin, and then it spins faster and faster, and pretty soon, that thing, which we thought was immovable, is under its own energy. And it's, you know, it's unstoppable, so that any one unreasonable and logical dissenting voice can't, can't stop it. So that's, that's what, what I hope for, is that unstoppable momentum. Harold  34:39Sure, I definitely I would get on board with that. Tim  34:43We'll be smacking that flywheel. Yes. Cool. So as we sort of head towards the end, what would you like us to focus on? Was there somewhere we didn't get that you would like us to get? Harold  34:56Really like for me, these are like questions in my own. Mind that I just can't something in me always brings it back to the service. Hey, I need to focus on this and so, like, continuous improvement would be one of those things in that focusing myself, like, what do I want from my careers? And that was the thing I do have a question for the next guest. Tim  35:17I love that you're unprompted, go for it. Harold  35:22What do you get from your career? And how does your work fill your bucket? Because those are things that I always ask myself. And so what am I getting from this? What am I doing for this? How does this work for me? Yes, I get to pay the bills. Maybe I get to get to I have a thing for boots. My wife will tell you, I buy too many boots. She's probably right. So like, in addition to me getting a new pair of boots, but what does it do for me personally, like, as a person? How's it, uh, advanced my own journey, my own destination? People, quote, like, Crazy Horse. If they don't know who Crazy Horse was, from the American point of view, they say, well, he's like, hoka hey, it's a good day to die. Like, he's gonna charge out there on the battlefield and but that's not what it was. That's only like half of the quote, because… Tim  36:03I think [who?] from Star Trek, said that. But what did Crazy Horse actually say? Harold  36:10He said, hoka hey, today is a good day to die, because all is well with the world. And the Stoney Nakoda, because they're, they're, they're Nakoda Sioux, they say Âba wathtech , and that's their greeting, and it means hello, today is a good day. I think it's implied all is well with the world. So what that means is, like for you inside, is everything well, in the sense that, if you were to die, would you feel that there are unresolved issues? And so really, then your attention, for me, that exercise brings me to like, okay, what are those unresolved issues and I gotta address those. Sometimes they're scary, sometimes they're hard, but it's just like sitting in that sweat, right? And so, so for me, that's what I would leave. And the question I'd post to the next guest. Tim  36:53How is what you're doing? How is it filling your bucket that is something that I can relate to, I'm really passionate about. You know, often when I'm working with executives, etc, you know, one of the things when we're we're looking at career, when we're looking at where they are, is to have them focus on, from a career perspective, what is the best day of the last year you're ever going to work look like? And are you heading towards that as a reality? And then more generally, are you in balance in your life? Right? Like, are you are do you feel like you're where you belong? And do you feel like that you've got this beautiful flow going on that you have enough sense of control or stability and you still have the right types of excitement and anxiety and those things, I feel like we've just scratched the surface here, Harold. So one thing I want us to do is is stay up to date on your grant and your research project, and want to make sure that when that gets rolling, you come back and we and we talk about that. Harold  37:59Perfect. Sounds great. Tim  38:00Yeah, I think that would be great. And in the meantime, if people wanted to reach out to you, if they wanted to, if they wanted to experience what I experienced, or if they were interested in the confluence, where can they find they you? Harold  38:14They can go to the confluences the website, and I think it's www.theconfluence.ca or something, or just Google “the confluence Calgary”. Tim  38:23Sure, we'll put that link up in the show notes. Harold  38:25Yeah,if you want to get in touch with me, please reach out on LinkedIn: Harold Horsefall. Tim  38:29right on, lots of exciting things coming up for you. Thank you very much for dropping the question for our next guest. Harold Horsfall, it was just an absolute treat to have you on. Harold  38:39Thank you, Tim. Tim  38:29I can't wait till we can meet at that conference together. I'm really itching to get there. Harold  38:45Sounds great. Tim  38:46Thank you so much for listening to Sweet on Leadership. If you found today's podcast valuable, consider visiting our website and signing up for the companion newsletter. You can find the link in the show notes. If like us, you think it important to bring new ideas and skills into the practice of leadership, please give us a positive rating and review on Apple podcasts. This helps us spread the word to other committed leaders, and you can spread the word too by sharing this with your friends, teams, and colleagues. Thanks again for listening, and be sure to tune in in two weeks time for another episode of Sweet on Leadership. In the meantime, I'm your host. Tim Sweet encouraging you to keep on leading.

Episode 95What if you could unlock the secrets of your DNA to enhance the well-being of your neurodiverse child? Join us for an enlightening conversation with Dr. Jill Crowfoot a seasoned GP and founder of Renude Health, as she shares her groundbreaking insights on personalized nutrition and genetic testing. She explains how understanding your genetic makeup can guide you in making tailored nutritional and lifestyle choices, particularly for neurodiverse children. We discuss the limitations of traditional medicine that often focus on symptoms rather than root causes, and how this innovative approach can shift the focus from treating illness to fostering proactive wellness.Explore with us the complex relationship between hormones, genetics, and personalized nutrition. Dr. Crowfoot unravels the intricate interplay between sex hormones and nervous system hormones, and the impact of hormonal imbalances on neurodiverse individuals. Through fascinating analogies and expert insights, she emphasizes the necessity of personalized nutrition and genetic analysis in meeting unique biochemical needs. Our discussion delves into the context-dependent nature of certain genes and the importance of professional guidance to navigate this complex landscape, revealing how genetics can inform more effective health interventions.Dr. Crowfoot's passion for women's health and personal experiences as a mother illuminate the benefits of integrating genetics with lifestyle changes for conditions like ADHD and perimenopause. By examining the influence of lifestyle on gene expression, we underscore the importance of a holistic approach that incorporates nutrition, lifestyle, and hormonal balance. This episode challenges the traditional medical model and advocates for a more comprehensive understanding of health, moving beyond prescriptions to embrace a more informed and personalized approach to wellness.Join the SEND Parenting Community on Whatsapp either click here or send a message to +447856915105  and I will personally add you to the private group where we can connect and support each other.Click here for RENUDE Health www.sendparenting.com

Darcy V is harvesting tomatoes so that means, Darcy B. is leading this discussion, and what a discussion it is!   Darcy welcomes Geoffrey Vanden Heuvel, the Director of Regulatory and Economic Affairs for the Milk Producers Council, a California dairy farmer trade association. Geoff is currently the Vice-Chairman of the Water Blueprint for the San Joaquin Valley Board.   Geoff joins Darcy B in the studio where they discuss the urgent Fall X 2 Action. The Fall X2 Action (Technically it addresses salinity intrusion in the Bay Delta), as currently mandated, results in significant water supply reductions that provide water for the San Joaquin Valley's agricultural industry, rural communities, including disadvantaged communities, Southern California cities, families, industry, and economies, as well as critical habitat in both federal and private wildlife refuges. This regulation has flexibility, if the APPOINTED decision-makers agree, the 350,000 AF of stored water (enough for 1,050,000 Southern California Families) we can keep this water in storage. We can save for the next dry period.  Saving for Sunny Days! Recent scientific studies done by the National Fish and Wildlife Agency and others indicate this effort will not, and does not, help the Delta Smelt, as originally intended.  In other words, sound science is NOT driving this decision.  You can help.  Click on the links below and email these appointed decision-makers.  Let them know, that saving California water for our communities, our food supply, and all of California is our top priority: ·      California Natural Resources Agency Secretary, Wade Crowfoot, Wade.Crowfoot@resources.ca.gov·      California Department of Fish and Wildlife Director, Charlton (Chuck) Bonham, chuck.bonham@wildlife.ca.gov·      California Department of Water Resources Director, Karla Nemeth, Karla.Nemeth@water.ca.gov·      US Bureau of Reclamation Director, Karl Stock, KStock@usbr.gov·      Governor Gavin Newsom, (have to use contact form) https://www.gov.ca.gov/contact/ Listen in!Send us a Text Message.We Grow California Podcast is paid for by the Exchange Contractors Federal PAC and Exchange Contractors State PAC and is not authorized by any candidate or candidate committee.

Full presentation by Charles Sitting Bull talking about Sitting Bull's assassination, how his family fled, and subsequently avoided the Wounded Knee Massacre, Sitting Bull's interactions with Crowfoot, the Blackfoot chief from Canada. A significant portion of this presentation is used in episode 4.

Adventures with yarn, needles and hookDelve into the colourful world of crochet with my guest Jane Crowfoot, also known as Janie Crow, as she shares her journey from average student to renowned crochet designer, author and the founder of her own brand.Jane opens up about her early creative experiences, her education in textiles, and the pivotal moments that led her to discover her passion for crochet. She discusses the challenges she faced in her career, including a stressful managerial role that stifled her creativity, and how she overcame them to find her true calling.From machine knitting swatch designs for fashion houses to consultant roles with Rowan yarns, creating patterns and crochet alongs and her deep connection to the arts and crafts movement, Jane's designs are not just about creating beautiful pieces; they're about pushing the boundaries of crochet and providing a rich, historical context that resonates with her audience.If you found value in this episode and would like to show your appreciation, consider becoming a regular supporter or sending a few sats my way if you're using a value-for-value enabled app. Your support is greatly appreciated.CreativityFound.co.ukInstagram: @creativityfoundpodcastFacebook: @creativityfoundpodcast and Creativity Found groupYouTube @creativityfoundpodcastPinterest: @creativityfoundTwitter: @creativityfounResearched, edited and produced by Claire Waite BrownMusic: Day Trips by Ketsa Undercover / Ketsa Creative Commons License Free Music Archive - Ketsa - Day TripsArtworks: Emily Portnoi emilyportnoi.co.ukPhoto: Ella PalletBuy arts and crafts techniques books, plus books by some of my podcast guests, from the Creativity Found bookshop The Other Side of the Struggle (Healing from Betrayal Trauma)Healing from betrayal trauma is no small feat! It takes a lot of work, time, and...Listen on: Apple Podcasts SpotifySupport the Show.Support the show hereSubscribe to the Creativity Found mailing list hereJoin the Creativity Found Collective here

Kim Kleaveland, NP interviews Ambulatory Care Clinical Pharmacist, Jeremy Crowfoot, on the effects of over-the-counter medications such as sleep aids, antihistamines and nausea medications on cognition.

“What is life?… It is the breath of a buffalo in the winter time.” - Crowfoot / observe nature, reflect and journal / Vritrasura starts blowing Indra's mind! / What is the fruit of devotion mixed with material desire? Enmity, anxiety, mental agitation, pride and belligerence. / we've all got a Crazy Joe Davola / Vritrasura offers his body, words & mind to Vishnu / Vritrasura shares his tender, inner, feminine side / Vritrasura's desire to serve the servants / rooting out the inner tinder swindler SB 6.11.22-27

“What is life?… It is the breath of a buffalo in the winter time.” - Crowfoot / observe nature, reflect and journal / Vritrasura starts blowing Indra's mind! / What is the fruit of devotion mixed with material desire? Enmity, anxiety, mental agitation, pride and belligerence. / we've all got a Crazy Joe Davola / Vritrasura offers his body, words & mind to Vishnu / Vritrasura shares his tender, inner, feminine side / Vritrasura's desire to serve the servants / rooting out the inner tinder swindler SB 6.11.22-27

California's water supply is being tested by volatile weather patterns, including droughts and extreme rainfall. To prepare for a future with less snow and more dry spells, the state must diversify its water sources, modernize its water infrastructure, and improve watershed collaboration.    The stakes are high. Experts say we could lose 10% of our water supply in the next 20 years due to climate change. Preparing for this challenge is a mammoth responsibility, confronting state and water leaders, like those at California's Natural Resources Agency. We're with the trailblazer in charge of this agency today: Wade Crowfoot. As Secretary of Natural Resources, Crowfoot advises the Governor on environmental and natural resource issues, making him a key player in securing our state's future. He is a public policy and environmental expert with over twenty years of experience in water, fisheries, climate, and sustainability issues. Prior to joining the Governor's cabinet, he headed up the Water Foundation, playing a key role in creating partnerships that included leaders in agriculture and environmental conservation groups. The results? Shared water solutions that benefit communities, the economy, and the environment across the American West. Tune in to learn more about the issue and opportunities facing California water now and the man given the responsibility for charge for meeting those challenges.

Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin war eine außerordentliche Wissenschaftlerin, deren Entdeckung unter anderem den Verlauf des zweiten Weltkriegs beeinflusste... Als dritte Frau überhaupt erhielt Dorothy für ihre Entdeckungen den Chemie-Nobelpreis und blieb doch bescheiden. Sie wusste quasi schon mit zehn Jahren, dass sie Chemikerin werden wollte und zog ihren Traum, trotz einiger Widerstände durch. Zwei Weltkriege, eine schwere Erkrankung und Vorurteile in dem männlich dominierten Fachgebiet hielten sie nicht auf. Die Chemikerin erforschte verschiedenste Kristallstrukturen und erlangte schließlich DEN Durchbruch. Verleihung des Chemie-Nobelpreis an Dorothy: https://bit.ly/46M9QMp Kristallstrukturanalyse (Super Video!!): https://bit.ly/44kFUpi Und damit willkommen zu unserem True Science-Podcast! Wir reden über die absurden, irren, romantischen und verworrenen Geschichten hinter Entdeckungen und Erfindungen. Denn in der Wissenschaft gibt es jede Menge Gossip! Wir erzählen zum Beispiel, wie die Erfinderin des heutigen Schwangerschaftstests mit Hilfe einer Büroklammerbox den Durchbruch schaffte, oder wie eine Hollywood-Schauspielerin den Grundstein für unser heutiges WLAN legte. Immer samstags - am Science-Samstag. Wir, das sind Marie Eickhoff und Luisa Pfeiffenschneider. Wir haben Wissenschaftsjournalismus studiert und die Zeit im Labor schon immer lieber zum Quatschen genutzt. Schreibt uns gerne (podcast@behindscience.de)! Wir lieben Feedback, Themenwünsche und nette Grüße. Bei Instagram (behindscience.podcast) versorgen wir euch zwischen den Folgen mit Wissen. Hinweis: Die Werbung in dieser Folge erfolgt automatisiert. Wir haben keinen Einfluss auf die Auswahl. Vermarktung: Julep Media GmbH | Grafikdesign: Mara Strieder | Sprecherin: Madeleine Sabel | Fotos: Fatima Talalini

Always great to have a Rock N' Roll legend on Talkin' Rock! Joe Talks about his new album and all the guests on it, plus working on it with his sons. He's doing a run of shows and one of them is in Pontiac, Michigan at the Crowfoot. That lead him to talk about how Detroit was one of the first cities to really prop up Aerosmith.  I asked him about Aerosmith,  how Steven Tyler and Joey Kramer are doing. He gave me updates on them. He also answered the question to whether they would ever put out new music.  Enjoy! -Meltdown-  

Wade Crowfoot was appointed California Secretary for Natural Resources in 2019. As Secretary, Crowfoot oversees an agency of 19,000 employees charged with protecting and managing California's diverse resources, including its fish and wildlife and rivers and waterways. Before becoming Secretary, Crowfoot served as CEO of the Water Foundation, a nonprofit philanthropy based in California that supports shared water solutions for communities, the economy, and the environment across the American West.  Wade spoke with Lesli Allison, executive director of the Western Landowners Alliance, about Western water, and in particular the Colorado River Basin. California has rights to the largest share Colorado River Water, and half of all Americans who use Colorado River water live in the Golden State. So the view from Sacramento on the future of Water in the West is particularly critical.  Find the full show notes and transcription here. On Land is a production of Western Landowners Alliance, a non-profit that advances policies and practices that sustain working lands, connected landscapes and native species. Learn more about WLA here. Produced by Louis Wertz. Like this episode? Share it with a friend, leave a review wherever you get your podcasts and be sure to subscribe to On Land Magazine. Your support helps us amplify the voices of stewardship in the American West.

Merion and Jamie meet Janie Crowfoot, crochet legend! If you haven't discovered Janie's work, you can find all her wonderful blankets and projects on her website, www.janiecrow.com,  and follow her on instagram for her latest makes. Janie's latest CAL, Spirit of Flora, can often be found in Inside Crochet magazine, in print or available as a digital subscription.Jane's latest CAL is inspired by artist William de Morgan, and you can read about him here.You can buy Stylecraft yarns at LoveCrafts.comDon't forget to follow us on Spotify, Google Podcasts or Apple Podcasts for more chat about love, crafts and everything in-between!You can also reach out to us on show@lovecrafts.com and share your crafting stories, we'd love to hear them!Please rate our show and leave us a review on your listening platform of choice, so that we know you enjoy the show :)

Featuring Joey Crowfoot recently known as Joseph Simons. A Singer/Song Writer based in Topeka Kansas. Creating Original music and performing around the area. We Talk about inspirations, goals, writing music and performing also the efforts to inspire our youth. Hosted by Alexander Lancaster and created for our podcast and KSEF-db Radio. Presented by Two Wolves Studio located in Downtown Topeka Kansas. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/twowolvesstudio/support

In this episode of The Bookkeepers' Podcast, Zoe Whitman spoke to Emma James and Leah Crowfoot about building a flexible business. When Leah Crowfoot started her business, she needed to work within school hours so she was able to look after her young family. When Emma James started her business, she was looking for a solution that gave her location-independent work, allowing her to travel with her partner while he worked overseas. They've both gone on to build businesses that serve their own unique needs and which have changed as their needs from work have changed. On this episode of The Bookkeepers Podcast we loved hearing from Emma and Leah as we discussed how to go about building a more flexible business, and whether it really is possible to run your business outside of the expected 9-5. We think you'll find this episode thought-provoking if you want to build a flexible business or if you just want to have some time out this summer without returning to a backlog of work. We covered: Different needs for flexible working How to create a flexible business How to speak to your clients about flexible working hours How to manage expectations from clients about being in the office Being realistic with yourself about what you can achieve Knowing what's important for you as you build your own business Managing your response times to clients Setting boundaries with your clients Whether running a flexible business loses you clients Designing a business that is right for the future How time blocking can help with structure Bringing support in to give you more time About our guests Connect with Emma James at thenumber.ninja Connect with Leah Crowfoot at https://www.linkedin.com/in/leahcrowfoot/ About us Join The 6 Figure Bookkeepers' Club on Facebook at 6figurebookkeeper.club Find out more about The 6 Figure Bookkeeper at 6figurebookkeeper.com/links

The western United States continues to suffer from a historic level of drought. California Natural Resources Agency Secretary Wade Crowfoot spoke during the Western Food and Ag Issues Summit hosted by Agri-Pulse. He offers a key example of the drought's severity.

Le donne sono state nei secoli delle grandi pioniere in ambito scientifico, capaci di fare scoperte che hanno contribuito a migliorare il mondo in cui viviamo. Nonostante ciò, purtroppo, alle donne non è stato sempre facile accedere alla carriera di ricercatrici e riconosciuto il giusto credito per il lavoro svolto. In questo episodio parleremo di Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, una donna tenace, pioniera della cristallografia a raggi X, ma anche un'instancabile attivista politica. Hodgkin è stata la terza donna al mondo ad essere insignita del premio Nobel per la chimica nel 1964. Insieme alla vita della professoressa, scopriremo anche l'impatto e l'importanza che le sue ricerche hanno avuto nel tempo nell'ambito della chimica, la fisica e la biologia. Questo episodio è il primo esperimento di un podcast che si chiamerà Donne nella Scienza di Sharon Spizzichino, ricercatrice presso la Sapienza di Roma, ma anche divulgatrice scientifica e co-fondatrice della pagina di divulgazione tutta al femminile MadaAdvances. Questo episodio è stato realizzato per il workshop “Le voci della scienza”: una fantastica esperienza che mi ha insegnato che è possibile, usando solo la voce, divulgare la scienza.CreditiVoce di Sharon Spizzichino e Carlotta Jarach, dottoranda presso l'istituto Mario Negri di Milano e co-fondatrice di MadaAdvances. Il podcast è stato scritto da Sharon Spizzichino e montato da Benjamin Cucchi. Un ringraziamento speciale va alle altre scienziate che partecipano al progetto MadaAdvances. Fonti Nobel Lectures, Chemistry 1963-1970, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1972, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dorothy-Hodgkin Prize presentation, Dorothy Crowfood Hodgkin 1964, https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1964/hodgkin/prize-presentat...Georgina Ferry, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Biography, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Dorothy-Hodgkin MusicaBenny Goodman - Sugar FootStompHelen Ward & Benny Goodman & His Orchestra - Sing Me A Swing SongLionel Hampton - Flying HomeBud Freeman Trio - Three Little WordsBillie Holiday & Teddy Wilson & His Orchestra - SugarSigla: Jacopo Mengarelli

This Earth Day weekend, “SoCal in 17” brings you a special episode featuring Wade Crowfoot, California's Natural Resources Secretary, talking about the drought. Crowfoot explains why he and Gov. Gavin Newsom do not think it is time just yet for mandatory water cutbacks.  Plus, Sanden Totten from the “Brains On!” podcast drops by to talk about their new book, “Earth Friend Forever,” and how to talk to kids about sustainability without freaking them out. Get in Touch Want to ask Alex a question? Visit the SoCal in 17 page On Twitter using hashtag #SOCALIN17 or her handle @alexcoheninla In this Episode Find Wade Crowfoot on Twitter: @wadecrowfoot Find Sanden Totten on Twitter: @sandentotten Find "Brains On!" on Twitter: @brains_on

In dualistic systems (good vs. evil thinking) there are some identities and traits that are favored and others that are considered “wrong” or “bad”. This leads people to try and assimilate to the identities that are considered “good” and hide or disown the parts of themselves that are considered “bad”. In this episode, Monika discusses […] The post Emancipate Your Mind: 059: Reclaiming Indigenous Identity with Monika Crowfoot appeared first on Mormon Discussions Podcasts - Full Lineup.

In dualistic systems (good vs. evil thinking) there are some identities and traits that are favored and others that are considered “wrong” or “bad”. This leads people to try and assimilate to the identities that are considered “good” and hide or disown the parts of themselves that are considered “bad”. In this episode, Monika discusses… Read More »Emancipate Your Mind: 059: Reclaiming Indigenous Identity with Monika Crowfoot

This special episode of the Capitol Weekly Podcast was recorded live on November 17, 2021 at a panel discussion hosted by Capitol Weekly as part of our Energy Forum. California Secretary for Natural Resources Wade Crowfoot delivered the Keynote. He was introduced by John Howard, Editor of Capitol Weekly.

Monika Crowfoot is an actress and writer from Window Rock, Arizona. She recently finished writing her memoir of growing up on the Navajo Reservation that documents her childhood experiences with her dead brother, and the aftermath of dealing with the grief as a teenager. For fun she likes to spend time with her husband and four children. Today we discuss the unexpected loss of her brother when she was 15 years old. Tik Tok / IG: @monikacrowfoot Say hi! @dyingoflaughter_podcast / DyingOfLaughterPodcast@gmail.com Do you like this show? Leaving a review on Apple Podcasts is extremely appreciated...I read & cherish every single one! @_ChelsWhoElse_ | www.ChelsWhoElse.com Learn more about your ad choices. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Many times throughout my childhood, I heard various church members or my parents tell me that we had to choose between being Navajo and being Mormon. Our family went to church, prayed, and had family home evening regularly. Church was our culture. I remember talks referencing the Book of Mormon scripture: “For there are manyRead More » The post Dialogue Out Loud #12: The Lamanite Dilemma: Mormonism and Indigeneity by Monika Brown Crowfoot first appeared on The Dialogue Journal.

Bert Crowfoot CEO and Founder of AMMSA on their new online radio station "Cuzin' Radio" / Plus, The Manitoba 150 Host Committee and the Winnipeg Art Gallery and their new mobile art gallery

Listen to the 49th edition of Free City Radio. This episode features an interview with Buffalo Hat Singers, an Indigenous voice + drum group who performed at the recent #CancelCanadaDay protest to mark, remember and to call for justice in the case of all the Indigenous children who were killed within the context of the genocidal colonial residential school system organized by the Canadian state in collaboration with major western church institutions, including the Catholic, Anglican and Unitarian churches in Canada. Music on this episode by the Buffalo Hat Singers, Victor Jara, William Prince and Willie Dunn's stunning track The Ballad of Crowfoot. Free City Radio is produced by Stefan @spirodon Christoff

LEGENDARY ARTIST RUBY MAZUR SIGNS WITH COSMIC WIRE FOR DEBUT CANVAS & NFT GALLERY, A 50TH ANNIVERSARY CELEBRATION OF HIS FAMOUS ‘MOUTH & TONGUE' FROM THE ROLLING STONES' ‘TUMBLING DICE' RECORD SLEEVE! Culture-shifting painter, Ruby Mazur, is revisiting his iconic 1971 ‘Mouth & Tongue' symbol from The Rolling Stones' ‘Tumbling Dice' record sleeve to celebrate the 50th Anniversary of its creation. Ruby will show 13 derivative pieces of the ‘Mouth & Tongue' that continue to embody the spirit of rock n' roll at the Holle Fine Arts Gallery on Maui in collaboration with Cosmic Wire; a cutting edge and revolutionary hybrid art exhibit displaying both digital NFTs and physical canvas of the works. Adding to the immersive gallery experience on July 2nd will be a new experience, with live music by Falling Doves and a surprise NFT for event patrons as they mingle with Ruby and other influencers from the island. A percentage of the NFT proceeds go to LET ME HELP, a New York based charity in support of The American Cancer Society, Anti-Bullying, Broadway Heros, Covid-19 Relief and Prostate Cancer. Ever since earning a Grammy nomination for designing the ‘CrowFoot' album art in the 1960's, Ruby Mazur has been asked to illustrate and communicate the musical message of the world's most famous performers. Capturing pivotal moments and cementing trends, Ruby has worked on over 3,000 album covers for artists like Elton John, Billy Joel, Ray Charles, Sarah Vaughn, Van Morrison, Jim Croce, Jimmy Buffet and B.B. King or with record labels like Paramount, Atlantic, and Warner Bros. The paintings and works are inspired by Ruby's outrageous rock n' roll days and his second life in Maui, conveying the wild and dynamic music scene with the humility of the island way of life. “Going digital with Cosmic Wire on my paintings with these new NFTs is like the “Old World” going into the new frontier of the “New World” of Art” commented Ruby, “This is an exciting new experience, merging both worlds where I can dip my brush into paint with one stroke and it goes almost instantly around the world.” Futurist publishing and technology company, Cosmic Wire, specializes in protecting and monetizing the world's most valuable IP, traversing the now trillion dollar blockchain industry since its 300% market increase from 2019-2020. Understanding the potential of NFTs to enable artists to sell and own their work directly, Cosmic Wire is focused on fair agreements, direct rewards, and downstream residuals and payments via their proprietary Licensing and Publishing model. The artworks will be authenticated and protected using proprietary and unique technology from Cosmic Wire partners, REV3AL Technology and NCODED, disruptive multi-factor authentication and encryption technology that shows the authentic creation of the work and protects it from being counterfeited in the digital space. The holistic multi-media company will be producing and publishing a number of exciting projects over the coming months while also founding a clean energy solution specifically focused on the environmental impact of the crypto industry and secure digital archive to protect humanity's most valuable artistic assets. Ruby Mazur YouTube | Instagram | Facebook | Twitter

Learn about the future of water storage, Sustainable Groundwater Management Act (SGMA), Voluntary Agreements and unimpaired flows and other land use decisions from the Secretary of California's Natural Resources Agency, Wade Crowfoot. Emily visits with the Secretary and they tackle many important issues at the nexus of agriculture and the environment. Secretary Crowfoot highlights the challenges and opportunities for agriculture within each of these programs as well.

Below the Radar invites Michi Saagiig Nishnaabeg scholar, writer and artist Leanne Betasamosake Simpson into conversation about her latest album, Theory Of Ice, as a thinking through of water as a connector. She talks with host Am Johal about covering Willie Dunn’s “I Pity the Country,” and how her work aligns with, and is inspired by, a long tradition of Indigenous musicians and activists. Leanne speaks to her artistic and academic work as being underpinned by a deep love of the land, and the land as a site of knowledge production. She shares some of her experiences working with the Dechinta Centre for Research & Learning on land-based education in Denendeh. We also learn about some of Leanne’s exciting collaborative works, from artistic collaborations with filmmakers and visual artists to Leanne’s work with Robyn Maynard on "Rehearsals for Living," a book forthcoming from Knopf Canada in 2022. Thank you to Leanne for the use of her recording of Willie Dunn's "I Pity the Country," from "Theory Of Ice," for this episode. Read the full transcript of this conversation: https://www.sfu.ca/sfuwoodwards/community-engagement/Below-the-Radar/transcripts/ep122-leanne-betasamosake-simpson.html Resources: — leannesimpson.ca — leannesimpsonmusic.com — "Theory Of Ice" album by Leanne Betasamosake Simpson: https://youvechangedrecords.com/product/leanne-betasamosake-simpson-theory-of-ice/ — “I Pity the Country” cover: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2DUV60wpmgk — "The Ballad of Crowfoot", an NFB film by Willie Dunn: https://www.nfb.ca/film/ballad_of_crowfoot/ — "Viscosity" video collaboration with Sandra Brewester: https://youtu.be/Gf0TzU9wCPU — "Solidification ᒪᔥᑲᐗᒋ 凝" video collaboration with Sammy Chien: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zA70--wIbbQ&feature=emb_imp_woyt — More films and music videos: http://www.leannesimpsonmusic.com/videos — "Noopiming: The Cure for White Ladies" by Leanne Betasamosake Simpson: https://houseofanansi.com/products/noopiming — "As We Have Always Done" by Leanne Betasamosake Simpson: https://www.upress.umn.edu/book-division/books/as-we-have-always-done — "A Short History of the Blockade" by Leanne Betasamosake Simpson: https://www.uap.ualberta.ca/titles/986-9781772125382-short-history-of-the-blockade — "Rehearsals for Living", forthcoming from Leanne Betasamosake Simpson and Robyn Maynard: https://www.transatlanticagency.com/2020/12/11/deal-news-canadian-rights-to-rehearsals-for-living-by-robyn-maynard-and-leanne-betasamosake-simpson-to-knopf-canada/

May edition of the Premium Natural Wine Club featuring a guest appearance by Kevin Schorath, somm at Co-op Crowfoot and WSET Diploma holder. Wines included this month: Kamara Stalisma (04:32) Dirty & Rowdy Skin & Concrete Semillon (20:30) Les Lunes Cabernet Sauvignon/Merlot (41:55)

Listen to the 41st edition of Free City Radio podcast, this edition features an interview with Kanahus Manuel who speaks about opposing the TMX Pipeline and gives some background and context as to the ways that the Canadian government backed pipeline impacts the Indigenous peoples and lands that are being impacted by the pipeline construction. Kanahus also shares some updates on the Tiny House Warriors project and also the ideas / inspirations behind the awesome project. Info : http://www.tinyhousewarriors.com Music on this show by the great Willie Dunn, with the song The Ballad of Crowfoot, thanks to my friend Jarrett Martineau for recently playing this track on Reclaimed, inspiring this music choice today. Free City Radio is produced and hosted by Stefan @spirodon Christoff in Montreal and broadcasts on @radiockut

After a long winter hibernation, The Rebel Beat is finally back and ready to roll out some new episodes this spring! On this episode, we had the pleasure of speaking with Lawrence Dunn, the son of the late folk singer Willie Dunn. Willie Dunn was of mixed Scottish/Irish and Mi'ma'ki ancestry, and wore many hats throughout his prolific career. He was a powerful anti-colonial songwriter, a film director, an activist, and even took a run for elected office once. Some say that his music didn't get the attention that it deserved during his career, but now his son Lawrence Dunn has teamed up with Light in the Attic records to release an anthology of Willie's work, "Creation never sleeps, Creation never dies". Lawrence joins us for a heart-felt discussion on his father's music, activism and legacy. Like this podcast? Then support us on Patreon! www.patreon.com/rebelbeatradio Playlist Willie Dunn - Charlie Willie Dunn - The Ballad of Crowfoot Willie Dunn - The Carver Willie Dunn - O Canada! Willie Dunn - Louis Riel Willie Dunn - Broker Willie Dunn - I Pity the Country Willie Dunn - The Pacific Further resources The Rebel Beat episode 013 - Native North America The Ballad of Crowfoot (1968 film, National Film Board) Theme music for the Rebel Beat by Cee from Test Their Logik

State of Affairs - Census Count Running Behind, Sec. Wade Crowfoot on State's $536 Million Fire Prevention Proposal, Dodgers Home Opener

Bert Crowfoot CEO and founder of Aboriginal Multi-Media Society of Alberta (AMMSA) in Alberta -Bert discusses the history and growth of radio stations CFWE, 98.5 FM, CJWE 88.1 FM, Windspeaker and newly launched "89.3 The Raven". Tune in tonight at 7:00 pm on ELMNT FM

Red Sky Performance and Toronto Symphony Orchestra Collaborate on Musical Creation - Sandra Laronde, E.D. and A.D. of Red Sky with Matthew Loden, CEO, at TSO. Plus- Bert Crowfoot Founder and CEO of AMMSA on the launch of new radio station @RavenRadio893 Tune in tonight at 7:00 pm on ELMNT FM

Bert Crowfoot of AMMSA, Aboriginal Multi Media Society of Alberta, speaks to Cheryl Croucher about launching a new Indigenous radio station called The Raven 89.3 FM

1. Villagers All - Andy, Robin, Arthur, and Emma Davis; and Emma Schneider (Brattleboro, VT). Andy writes, “Here is a song that we have sung at the Brattleboro Christmas Eve pub sing over the years. Our family created this virtual performance this year. Words by Kenneth Grahame from The Wind in the Willows, music by me.”  2. Joy and sorrow, an excerpt from The Prophet, by Kahlil Gibran. Read by Ben Williams (Northampton, MA).  3. North: Northern Air - Crowfoot (VT and QC). Crowfoot is Jaige Trudel, Adam Broome, and Nicholas Williams. This track is from their 2005 album Nadajai. www.crowfootmusic.com  4. Kindness, by Naomi Shihab Nye. Read by Julie Vallimont (Brattleboro, VT).  5. El Sueño de la Muñaquita - Mary Lea (Brattleboro, VT). Steve Proctor, Keith Murphy, and Ralph Gordon play this waltz by Paraguayan composer Augustin Barrios Mangore on Mary Lea’s album Between Two Worlds. https://dancefiddler.com    6. For the raindrop, by Ghalib. Read by Charis Boke (Springfield, VT).  7. Evergreen - Becky Tracy (Brattleboro, VT). Becky plays this Keith Murphy waltz on her eponymous solo album. https://blackislemusic.com  The opening music is “The Pearl in Sorrow’s Hand” by Julie Vallimont, from her album Dark Sky, Bright Stars. Produced by Julie Vallimont. Mixed and mastered by Dana Billings. All content courtesy of the artists, all rights reserved. This series is supported in part by the Country Dance and Song Society, NEFFA, CDS-Boston, and Pinewoods Camp. If you enjoy this podcast, please consider supporting it via Patreon: _www.patreon.com/starsintherafters

1. Soaring High - Crowfoot (VT and QC). Crowfoot is Jaige Trudel, Adam Broome, and Nicholas Williams. This track is from their 2006 album As the Crow Flies. www.crowfootmusic.com  2. Thank you, by Ross Gay. Read by Julie Vallimont (Brattleboro, VT).  3. Beautiful Life - Jeff Warner (Portsmouth, NH). Jeff learned this song, a country and bluegrass standard, from Jeff Goering, an Ohio fiddler. It can be found on his most recent album, Roam the Country Through. www.jeffwarner.com  4. And the people stayed home, by Kitty O’Meara. Read by Ben Williams (Northampton, MA). Ben writes, “Kitty O'Meara is a retired teacher, hospice chaplain, and lifelong writer in Wisconsin. Previously unpublished, she has been called the poet laureate of the pandemic for this poem that perfectly encapsulates the moment we find ourselves in.”      5. The Coming Spring - Andrew VanNorstrand (Manlius, NY). Kailyn Wright and Andrew sing this song on Andrew’s solo album, That We Could Find a Way to Be. https://andrewvannorstrandmusic.bandcamp.com  6. Rain, by Susan Reid (Montpelier, VT). Read by Julie Vallimont (Brattleboro, VT).  7. Over the Ice - Becky Tracy, Keith Murphy, and Andy Davis (Brattleboro, VT). This Keith Murphy tune is from the New England Dancing Masters series album Any Jig or Reel. https://dancingmasters.com  The opening music is “The Pearl in Sorrow’s Hand” by Julie Vallimont, from her album Dark Sky, Bright Stars. Produced by Julie Vallimont. Mixed and mastered by Dana Billings. All content courtesy of the artists, all rights reserved. This series is supported in part by the Country Dance and Song Society, NEFFA, CDS-Boston, and Pinewoods Camp. If you enjoy this podcast, please consider supporting it via Patreon: www.patreon.com/starsintherafters

Plus, thoughts on supporting a just transition with Stockton Mayor Michael Tubbs and California planning director Kate Gordon.

The intro and interstitial tracks from today's episode are Yuma and Highland  from Wake Up Robin and The Engagement from The Free Raisins.See the Contra Pulse website for transcripts and more.And the Country Dance and Song Society for information about Contra and English country dance across the continent.See and hear Audrey Knuth in action:The Free RaisinsWake Up RobinThe Gaslight Tinkers — Peter Siegel talks with Julie about this band in Episode 15 of this podcast. Here she is with them in 2015Sign up for her Monday night Tunes and Stuff classAudrey, Julie, and Rachel Bell playing in Denver in 2017Larry Unger and Audrey playing tunes togetherAudrey and Erik Hoffman playing the Santa Barbara, CA contra dance in 2018Audrey, Chris Knepper, Del Eckels, and Christopher Jacoby playing the 2018 New Year’s Eve dance in Sacramento, CASome dances and events mentioned in this interview:The Honolulu contra dance is no longer at the Atherton, but it still happens during non-COVID timesThe Scout House in Concord, MA hosts a few dances Audrey and Julie talked about:Concord, NH area contra danceLearn more about the Syracuse [NY] Country DancersDebby Knight runs Roaring Jelly;check out the Roaring Jelly websiteHere’s a 2011 video of a Davis Square pop-up contraLearn more about Camp Sturtevant on their website. Don’t worry — there are definitely photos of the donkeys!Learn more about Contradancers Delight Holiday (CDH) hereLearn more about Raindance in Portland, ORFiddling Frog takes place in Pasadena, CA when there’s no pandemicSatisfy your curiosity and read about the Hobart, Tasmania contra danceSome people mentioned in this interview:Jeff Kaufman, Audrey’s bandmate in the Free Raisins, has written extensively on his experiences with the band, including a post about the process Audrey described of listening to recordings of the dance they had just playedSarah VanNorstrandGarrett Sawyer and his studio, Northfire, came up in Julie’s chat with Peter Siegel (Episode 15)Luke Donforth is a Vermont-based contra dance callerDana Parkinson is a Florida-based contra dance callerSome places mentioned in this interview:The Hale Koa Hotel in HonoluluThe Guiding Star Grange #1 in Greenfield, MA has featured in many of Julie’s interviews. It’s a mainstay of the Western Massachusetts contra dance scene.Some musical groups mentioned in this interview:Yankee Ingenuity was Kate Barnes, Cal Howard, Mary Lea, Jack O’Connor, and Tony Parkes. Kate has a little blurb about them on this archived page of her website.Crowfoot was Adam Broome, Nicholas Williams, and Jaige Trudel.Nor’easter was Max Newman, Cedar Stanistreet, and Julie Vallimont.Buddy System is Noah VanNorstrand and Julie Vallimont. Julie and Noah talk about some of their experiences playing together in Episodes 11 and 12 of this podcast.La Banane Enchantée was Peter Buchak, Julie Vallimont, and Edward Wallace. Here they are playing in Atlanta in 2012.Lissa Schneckenburger talks about her experiences playing with Bruce Rosen as Phantom Power in Episode 10 of this podcast.Here’s a video of Notorious playing Red Prairie Dawn for a contra dance in 2012Audrey mentioned subbing in on fiddle for ElixirSome odds and ends mentioned in this interview:Check out Emily Rush’s contra dance workouts!Reign of Love, by Keith Murphy, is the first tune in this set played in a group led by Becky TracyTurtle in the Grass, by Ari Friedman, is the first tune in this videoWing Commander Donald Mackenzie, by Phil Cunningham, is the third tune in this Airdance set, starting at 3:09Here’s a group of people dancing La BastringueHere’s a recording of The Road to Malvern, the tune Audrey and Julie agree is too crooked to play for a contra dance — they prefer Red Prairie Dawn (see the Notorious video)Here’s the Free Raisins’s (non-crooked) recording of Fleur de MandragoreL'ange aux patins, the waltz Julie and Audrey mentioned,is the first tune in this set

A prominent leader in the Blackfoot, Chief Crowfoot would be a major force during the last half of the 19th century, negotiating treaty and leading his people through difficult times. Today, I look at his life. Support: www.patreon.com/canadaehx E-mail: craig@canadaehx.com Website: www.canadaehx.com Facebook: www.facebook.com/canadianhistoryehx Twitter: www.twitter.com/craigbaird Instagram: @Bairdo37

President Trump visits California as the state deals with a historic wildfire year. Marisa and Scott discuss the president's visit with Katie Orr, along with new polls on Proposition 15 and Proposition 16. Then, California Secretary for Natural Resources Wade Crowfoot shares the story behind his confrontation with the President over climate change and wildfires, the future of forest management in California, the Newsom administration's fracking policy and open streets during the pandemic.

By Chris NicholsEvery Thursday CapRadio’s PolitiFact California reporter Chris Nichols speaks with host Steve Milnes for “Can You Handle The Truth?” a weekly conversation about his latest fact checks and reporting on misinformation.  This week PolitiFact California looked at a confusing Postal Service postcard, wildfires and President Trump’s visit to California.  On a postcard that was mailed out nationwide by the Postal Service but led to some confusion for voters The card landed in mailboxes last week. And it advises people to “plan ahead” if they want to vote by mail — which is definitely good advice. But it also asks voters to request their mail-in ballot 15 days before Election Day. This ‘caused confusion’ because a new state law in California already requires counties to automatically send out mail-in ballots.  So, if you’re a registered voter and you’ve participated in recent elections, you don’t need to make any request, at all.  Elections officials in Sacramento and Yolo counties even released statements last week telling voters that the advice from the Postal Service — about requesting a ballot — just doesn’t apply to most voters here in California.  On misinformation on social media about the cause of the wildfires both here and in Oregon and Washington My colleagues at PolitiFact in D.C. checked this out. And they found a host of false social media claims, all of which blamed Antifa for intentionally starting these fires especially up in Oregon. Antifa is a loose and broad coalition of left-wing activists. They’ve been a big part of the racial justice demonstrations in Portland this summer. But there is no evidence that Antifa started any of the fires on the West Coast. Both fire and law enforcement officials — including Portland’s FBI office — have all debunked these rumors.  It’s important to note what the FBI wrote on Twitter this weekend:  “Conspiracy theories and misinformation take valuable resources away from local fire and police agencies working around the clock to bring these fires under control.” They went on to say,  “Please help our entire community by only sharing validated information from official sources.”  On President Trump during his visit to Sacramento this week I focused on what was really a striking exchange the president had with California Secretary for Natural Resources Wade Crowfoot. And Crowfoot urged the president to acknowledge the role of climate change in making the fires worse.  "But I think we want to work with you to really recognize the changing climate and what it means to our forests and actually work together with that science. That science is going to be key. Because if we ignore that science and sort of put our head in the sand and think it’s all about vegetation management, we’re not going to succeed together protecting Californians,” Crowfoot said.  "Ok, it’ll start getting cooler, you just watch,” Trump replied.  "I wish science agreed with you,” Crowfoot added.  “I don’t think science knows, actually,” Trump responded. Starting with Trump’s claim that it’s going to get “cooler,” climate scientists say there is just no evidence to support that. The consensus among them is that the climate is warming, that climate change is a key factor in making fires worse and that we should expect more days of extreme heat and fire danger.  On President Trump's claims that forest management is the way to prevent wildfires The president has over and over talked about clearing trees and even raking leaves in California and he did that again in Sacramento. And he’s not wrong that forest management is an important part of preventing these massive fires. California officials agree on that.  But experts say it’s just one element. The other big factors are things like urban sprawl, and climate change. Finally, while both the state and federal governments are responsible for managing the forests, it’s the federal government that owns nearly 60% of those forests in California. That’s a point that the president does not mention when he talks about forest management.

Jim Place, Jayme O’Donnell and guests cover all the bases, providing a financial advice show that’s actually informative and entertaining. Subscribe and listen to make this podcast one of the most profitable parts of your day.

The magic of the forest penetrates the Irish & Celtic Music Podcast. John Doyle, Anna Bosnick, Orla Fallon, Tannahill Weavers, The Diviners, Wolf & Clover, Celtic Rain, Outbound Traveler, Runa, Colleen Orender, Wyvern Lingo, The Whiskeydicks, The Muckers, Gillian Boucher & Bob McNeill I hope you enjoyed this week's show. If you did, please share the show with ONE friend. The Irish & Celtic Music Podcast is here to build our community and help the incredible artists who so generously share their music with you. If you hear music you love, buy the albums, shirts, and songbooks, follow the artists on Spotify, see their shows, and drop them an email to let them know you heard them on the Irish and Celtic Music Podcast. Remember also to Subscribe to the Celtic Music Magazine. Every week, you will get a few cool bits of Celtic music news. It's a quick and easy way to plug yourself into more great Celtic culture. Plus, you'll get 34 Celtic MP3s for Free, just for signing up today. VOTE IN THE CELTIC TOP 20 This is our way of finding the best songs and artists each year. Just list the show number, and the name of as many bands in the episode as you like. Your vote helps me create next year's Best Celtic music of 2020 episode.  Vote Now! THIS WEEK IN CELTIC MUSIC 0:03 - "Elevenses" by John Doyle from The Path of Stones 4:32 - WELCOME 5:14 - "The Forest / The Magician / The Butterfly (feat. Matt Diaz & Erin Michet)" by Anna Bosnick from The Ring 9:26 - "Two Sisters" by Orla Fallon from Lore 12:44 - "Orach" by The Tannahill Weavers from Orach (The Golden Anniversary) 17:56 - "Before His Tears Will Flow" by The Diviners from Earshot 21:44 - CELTIC FEEDBACK 26:18 - "The Suitor Set" by Wolf & Clover from Live at the Silvan Sessions 32:50 - "Celtic Rain" by Celtic Rain from Celtic Rain 37:10 - “Ring for a Lady” by Outbound Traveler from Go On and Wander 40:04 - “Saints and Sinners” by Runa from Ten: The Errant Night 44:06 - CELTIC PODCAST NEWS 45:52 - "Star of the County Down" by Colleen Orender from Single 49:42 - "Used" by Wyvern Lingo from Wyvern Lingo 53:47 - "The Old 1-2 2 Step" by The Whiskeydicks from United We Stumble 56:29 - "Buzzards Bay" by The Muckers from Irish Goodbye 1:00:13 - CLOSING 1:01:26 - "Emily Bay" by Gillian Boucher & Bob McNeill from Race for the Sun The Irish & Celtic Music Podcast was edited by Mitchell Petersen with Graphics by Miranda Nelson Designs. The show was produced by Marc Gunn, The Celtfather. To subscribe, go to Apple Podcasts or to our website where you can become a Patron of the Podcast for as little as $1 per episode. Promote Celtic culture through music at http://celticmusicpodcast.com/. WELCOME TO CELTIC MUSIC * Helping you celebrate Celtic culture through music. My name is Marc Gunn. I am a Celtic musician and podcaster. This show is dedicated to the indie Celtic musicians. Please support these artists. Share the show with your friends. And find more episodes at celticmusicpodcast.com. You can also support this podcast on Patreon. CELTIC PODCAST NEWS THANK YOU PATRONS OF THE PODCAST! Because of Your kind and generous support, this show comes out every week. Your generosity funds the creation, promotion and production of the show. It allows us to attract new listeners and to help our community grow. As a patron, you get to hear episodes before regular listeners. When we hit a milestone, you get an extra-long episode. You can pledge a dollar or more per episode and cap how much you want to spend each month over on Patreon. Your contribution also allows us to support the Middle Tennessee Highland Games & Celtic Festival and the Texas Scottish Festival. A super special thanks to our newest patrons: David Marc, Christopher, Megan G, Joe L You can become a generous Patron of the Podcast on Patreon at SongHenge.com. TRAVEL WITH CELTIC INVASION VACATIONS Every year, I take a small group of Celtic music fans on the relaxing adventure of a lifetime. We don't see everything. Instead, we stay in one area. We get to know the region through its culture, history, and legends. You can join us with an auditory and visual adventure through podcasts and videos. Learn more about the invasion at http://celticinvasion.com/ #celticmusic #irishmusic #celticpodcast I WANT YOUR FEEDBACK What are you doing today while listening to the podcast? You can send a written comment along with a picture of what you're doing while listening. Email a voicemail message to celticpodcast@gmail.com Matthew McKnight emailed a correction: "Gday, I love your podcast. I have only recently discovered it as I get my head wrapped around ever evolving technologies. I have Celtic ancestry, grew up in Australia, and feel so connected with my heritage when i listen to your show. I like the Celtic Rain track in your latest podcast and discovered a typo/problem with the link to their website. The link address should be celticrainmusic.com. Hope this helps in the future." Jeremy Graves emailed "Hi, Marc! I've been listening to your show for just a few weeks, but I really love it! I started listening to stay awake while feeding my now three-month-old late at night; my wife and I take shifts. As a linguist working with an indigenous group in Mexico, I really enjoy songs sung in the Celtic languages, and would love to hear more on the show! Thanks for your work! (PS I bought a Stonecircle album today, which I first heard on the podcast)." Charlton Allen asked: "What is indie Celtic?" Brooks Smith emailed on Patreon: "Hi Mark, Thanks for all the work you to do running this podcast! I don't really have any Irish heritage, but I discovered Celtic music when a friend dragged me to a contra dance in Vermont with the band Crowfoot several years ago. I love the genre, and your podcast is a great way to keep up with some of the new music that comes out. I typically listen while working during the day (I'm a structural engineer in Melbourne, Australia), and I'll have Spotify open as I do, marking songs as favourites on there as they catch my ear. I'll usually later on go listen to the rest of an artist's catalogue if I've favourited something by them. I've found a few new favourite artists that way - West of Eden, Heather Dale, Childsplay, Skipinnish. Anyway, I'm gradually working my way through your back catalogue of episodes, but one sub-group I've not heard much of yet is Cape Breton artists: Barra MacNeils, Rawlins Cross, Rankin Family, Ashley MacIsaac, and Natalie MacMaster are some of my other favourite Celtic bands! Cheers!"

Liza Bird Burgess and LJ Lewis discuss a round of questions about the practicalities of the game. In this episode, they are with Loughborough BUCS women's coach, Maria Crowfoot.Maria has nearly finished her Level 3, and has coached men's rugby at De Monfort University where she was the 1st XV coach.University recruitment and keeping in touch with players during lockdownDoes telling players off work?Do you want your players to challenge or agree with you?Recovering from a coaching set backReferees and the laws of the game: how much do you as a coach need to know?Would you coach a player to cheat?

Today we celebrate the man who invented the cottonseed huller. We'll learn about a Canadian legal eagle who loved gardening and one of Oregon's pioneer botanists. We'll celebrate the work of a female biochemist who made some remarkable discoveries about bloom color by studying snapdragons. Today's Unearthed Words feature words about March. We Grow That Garden Library™ with a book that was released 11 years ago today. And then we'll wrap things up with the fascinating story of a garden activist who was teaching gardening on this day in NYC two years ago. But first, let's catch up on some Greetings from Gardeners around the world and today's curated news.   Subscribe Apple | Google | Spotify | Stitcher | iHeart   Gardener Greetings To participate in the Gardener Greetings segment, send your garden pics, stories, birthday wishes and so forth to Jennifer@theDailyGardener.org And, to listen to the show while you're at home, just ask Alexa or Google to play The Daily Gardener Podcast. It's that easy. Curated News Starting Seeds: Use What You Have - Lewis Ginter Botanical Garden | Jonah Holland  "If you have seeds that are less than three years old, at least some of them should be viable. You could also use avocado seeds, citrus seeds, seeds from dates. You could try anything you happen to have — peppers, squash, beans, or maybe even pineapple! Mail ordering seeds is another option. We asked our horticulturist some of their favorite seed sources, and here are a few of our favorites: Johnny's Select Seeds, White Flower Farm, Peace Tree Farm and Prairie Moon Nursery. You might even have a really fun time exploring the Seed Saver Exchange."   My COVID-19 Renee's Garden Seed Order for the Cabin I share the seeds I ordered after planning to ride out the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic at the cabin.   Alright, that's it for today's gardening news. Now, if you'd like to check out my curated news articles and blog posts for yourself, you're in luck, because I share all of it with the Listener Community in the Free Facebook Group - The Daily Gardener Community. There's no need to take notes or search for links - the next time you're on Facebook, search for Daily Gardener Community and request to join. I'd love to meet you in the group.   Important Events 1814  Today the inventor and agricultural pioneer John Lineback received a patent for the first cottonseed hulling machine. He was based in Salem, North Carolina. Today, cottonseed hullers are known as disc hullers, and they not only dehull oilseed shells like cottonseed and peanuts, but they also crush oilseeds such as soybeans. Cotton is neither a fruit or a vegetable. The fibers of the cotton plant are made of cellulose. The seed of the cotton plant attaches to the fibers after emerging from the fruit. After maturing and left to its own devices, the cotton plant seed would simply blow off the plant in the wind - which is how the plant would get distributed. Cotton seeds are exactly what you might deduce: the seeds of the cotton plant. They are egg-shaped and are 3.5-10 mm long. The Latin name for the Cotton Plant is Gossypium ("Gah-SIP-EE-UM), and the seeds are richly covered with white or rusty-colored, long, woolly hairs, called lint. It is actually the lint on the outer part of the seed that is the main product used to make cotton textiles. Lineback's machine dehulled the seeds. The hulls are the outer coverings of cotton seeds. Dehulling makes it possible to extract cottonseed oil from the seeds. The process of dehulling is pretty straight forward: after removing the lint, the hull is removed from the kernel by screening. Cottonseed hulls are fibrous, and they also get used and incorporated into food for livestock like cattle and sheep. There's one final note about whole cottonseed worth mentioning: Cottonseed is toxic to humans and most animals.   1840  Today is the birthday of William Ralph Meredith. Meredith was a Chief Justice in Ontario, and he's remembered as the founding father of workers' compensation in Ontario. His work helped shape worker's compensation for the rest of Canada and the United States. his principals regarding workers' compensation became known as the Meredith principles. The Meredith Principles allowed that workers would give up their right to sue employers in exchange for income security if they were injured at work. In turn, employers would receive business loss protection while paying for the system. Meredith came from a large family in Westminster Township in Upper Canada with eight sons and four daughters. William was the oldest boy, and all the men in the family became quite successful in the legal community. The Meredith brothers were known as 'The Eight London Merediths' - a reference to the family's London Ontario homeplace. London is just north of Lake Erie and the U.S. border. As Chief Justice, Meredith was known among his legal colleagues simply as "The Chief." And, on more than one occasion, Meredith found himself presiding over cases where the lawyers for the accused and the defense were two of his own brothers - Richard and Edmund, who was regarded as the area's top criminal attorney. All of the Meredith brothers enjoyed gardening, and Meredith was no exception. Meredith gardened on his large estate in Rosedale, Ontario, at 41 Binscarth Rd. In 1913, a Toronto newspaper ran a delightful story about Meredith, and it ended with his love of gardening, writing: "Despite his seventy-three years, Sir William is still a fine and handsome man. His favorite pastime is gardening and on his beautiful grounds in Rosedale, he spends much of his spare time. Donning a straw hat and gloves, he delights in moving about among his plants and bushes, weeding and clipping, or else to dig out dandelion roots from his lawn."   1867  Today is the birthday of an important pioneering Oregon botanist Elmer Ivan Applegate. Elmer was born near Ashland. His grandfather, Lindsey Applegate, was a wagon train leader, and he led many settlers to Oregon during the "Great Migration" of 1843. Elmer was the oldest in his family of six children. He grew up on a 5,000-acre ranch where he mastered the demands of ranch life, and it was on the ranch that Elmer discovered his love for botany. In 1895, Elmer graduated from Stanford, and after graduating, he spent time with the USDA's Frederick Colville - the botanist who, along with Elizabeth Coleman White, helped tame the wild blueberry. As one of the most prominent Oregon botanists of the 20th century, Elmer's signature work focused on trout lilies (Erythronium) "AIR-ah-THROW-KNEE-um." The trout lily is a native plant featuring nodding, freckled, yellow flowers that bloom in early spring in woodlands and on north-facing slopes. Trout lilies bloom in spring from March to May. As a spring ephemeral, they often bloom before the trees leaf out, and once the forest canopy fluffs out, the trout lily bloom disappears. At the base of the trout, lily are these mottled brown and green leaves, which inspired the name of the plant because they look like the markings on brook trout. Those spots have also inspired the name fawn lily. Trout lily is also known by common names like the dogtooth violet or the adder's tongue. The dogtooth name refers to the tuber of the trout lily which is underground. The tuber looks like a smooth, white fang. The adder's tongue refers to the curled, serpent-like, pointed leaf-tips, and the six stamens with anthers that look like fangs. Here are some fun facts about the trout lily: Trout lilies are short; they grow 6 to 8 inches tall. Young plants have only one leaf, but mature plants sport two leaves. In fact, until that second leaf appears, the plant cannot flower. Trout lily colonies are very long-lived, and some are 200 to 300 years old. Trout lily leaves and bulbs have been used for medicinal purposes, such as contraception. Mary Oliver wrote a poem called Trout Lilies: It happened I couldn't find in all my books more than a picture and a few words concerning the trout lily, so I shut my eyes, And let the darkness come in and roll me back. The old creek began to sing in my ears as it rolled along, like the hair of spring, and the young girl I used to be heard it also, as she came swinging into the woods, truant from everything as usual except for the clear globe of the day, and its beautiful details. Then she stopped, where the first trout lilies of the year had sprung from the ground with their spotted bodies and their six-antlered bright faces, and their many red tongues. If she spoke to them, I don't remember what she said, and if they kindly answered, it's a gift that can't be broken by giving it away. All I know is, there was a light that lingered, for hours, under her eyelids - that made a difference when she went back to a difficult house, at the end of the day.   1880  Today is the birthday of the biochemist Muriel Wheldale Onslow who researched flower color inheritance and pigment molecule biochemistry. Muriel was born in England and ended up marrying a fellow biochemist named Victor Onslow. Victor was actually the son of royalty - his dad was the fourth Earl of Onslow. Muriel and Victor's story is special. When Victor was a student at Cambridge, he became paralyzed from the waist down after diving off a cliff into a lake. The accident also left him with limited use of his arms and hands. Even though Victor and Muriel were married for only a little over three years before Victor's untimely death, their love was a story of mutual admiration and respect. When Muriel recorded her memoir of Victor, she wrote that he was a man of amazing courage and mental vitality; and that he was an inspiration to their peers in biochemistry. Early in her career, in 1903, Muriel became part of its genetics group working at Cambridge University, and it was here that she began studying flower petal color. Much of her research specifically focused on snapdragons which come in a range of flower colors including green, red, orange, yellow, white, purple, and pink - and now even bicolor and speckled. Muriel's work on coloration gained her worldwide recognition by 1910 she had published a whopping four papers on color inheritance in snapdragons. Snapdragons or Antirrhinum majus ("ant-er-EYE-num MAY-jus") are a beloved cottage garden flower. It's a cousin to the foxglove. Snapdragons are happiest when planted early, in cool weather. They will bloom their hearts out all summer long. Then, if you cut them back in August, you will get a second flush of color in the fall. And here are a few final notes about Muriel Whelan Onslow. Muriel was multi-talented. In addition to her scientific work, she was also an artist. Her Botanical illustrations are actually quite good, and she was often regarded as a top botanical artist among her scientific colleagues. As one of the few female scientists of her time, there are just a handful of fantastic online images of Muriel working in her laboratory. They are a must-see if you get the chance. And you might recall that a decade ago in 2010, the Royal Institution in England put on a play called blooming snapdragons. The play was about for female biochemist of the early 20th century. Naturally, one of them was Muriel Onslow.   Unearthed Words Here are some poignant words about this time of year. This first poem was shared on this day in 1859. Come to the woods, where flowers bloom,  The violet peeps beneath each tree,  And on the wintry slope bestirs  The silver-leafed Anemone. The yellow Cowslip decks the pool,  And early Crowfoot lifts its shining head, The star-eyed Liverleaf looks forth  From out its green and mossy bed. Lichnidia tall and Draba pure  And Erythronium appear,  Claytonia comes with penciled brow,  The first of all the pleasant year. Wake-robin nods its snowy crest,  The Blue-Bells pale, Collinsia rare,  The tiny Ground Nut, Squirrel Corn,  All the joyous welcome give and share. I then to nature's palace grand,  All purple, yellow, green, and gold;  Leaf-music, bird-songs, fill the air,  The summer days, their revel hold. — Lydia A Tompkins, Come to the Woods   "Indoors or out, no one relaxes in March, that month of wind and taxes; the wind will presently disappear, the taxes last us all the year." — Ogden Nash, American poet March! March! March! They are coming In troops to the tune of the wind. Redheaded woodpeckers drumming, Gold - crested thrushes behind; Sparrows in brown jackets, hopping Past every gateway and door; Finches, with crimson caps, stopping Just where they stopped before. March! March! March! They are slipping Into their places at last. . . Little white lily buds, dripping Under the showers that fall fast; Buttercups, violets, roses; Snowdrop and bluebell and pink, Throng upon throng of sweet posies Bending the dewdrops to drink. March! March! March! They will hurry Forth at the wild bugle sound, Blossoms and birds in a flurry, Fluttering all over the ground. Shake out your flags, birch, and willow! Shake out your red tassels, larch! Grass blades, up from your earth - pillow. Hear who is calling you. . . March. — Lucy Larcom, American teacher, poet, and author, March   Grow That Garden Library Life List by Olivia Gentile It's hard to believe that this book was published on this day already eleven years ago in 2009. The subtitle to this book is "A Woman's Quest for the World's Most Amazing Birds." This book is a loving and beautiful biography of bird enthusiasts Phoebe Snetsinger. Phoebe was a 1950's housewife, married with four children, and an avid bird-watcher. When she got diagnosed in her 40's with incurable cancer and given less than a year to live, she started traveling the world, birding, and she never looked back. Phoebe ended up living, after her diagnosis, for another 18 years. Oliva begins this book by explaining the concept of a life list: "Bird-watching, the way most people do it, is a lot like hunting, which is why some practitioners prefer the more active sounding term "birding": you have to know where and when to look for Birds, you have to chase them down, and, when you find them, you have to figure out what species they are— often in just a second or two, before they fly away. Tate, like most birders, kept a "life list" of all the species he'd seen and identified, and he was always looking to add new ones, or "life birds." Olivia continues: "I decided to write some sort of essay on bird watching, and I called a few bird clubs near my home in Manhattan to see what they had going on. One man misunderstood and thought I was interested in joining his Club. He tried to encourage me. "Who knows?" he said. "Maybe you'll be the next Phoebe Snetsinger." the man had never met Phoebe, but he knew all about her— as most birdwatchers do, it turned out— and he told me a little. That was back in 2001, two years after her death, and I've been piecing together her life ever since." You can get a used copy of Life List by Olivia Gentile and support the show, using the Amazon Link in today's Show Notes for under $3.   Today's Botanic Spark On this day in 2018, garden activist Karen Washington was giving a talk in New York City to help spur on the community garden movement. The theme was peace and justice. Washington has done so much for the Bronx as an Urban Gardener. She's an award-winning gardener, farmer, and co-owner of her business called Rise and Shoot Farm. It was Karen Washington who said, "If you come into the garden feeling sad, you will leave feeling happy."

They are one of the world’s iconic birds. They quack and waddle on land, which is a sharp contrast to their grace in the water and air.  The Sacramento Valley is home to millions of ducks, and rice fields play a vital role in their lives. Helping ducks has been the passionate pursuit of Virginia Getz for 20-years. Virginia manages conservation programs for Ducks Unlimited’s Western Region (DU), including California. Keeping rice farming strong is critical to maintaining a healthy Pacific Flyway duck population. “Ninety-five percent of the wetland habitat that historically occurred in the Central Valley has been lost, and waterfowl populations are now heavily dependent on agricultural lands, primarily rice,” according to Getz.   Sacramento Valley rice fields provide more than 60 percent of the fall and winter diet for the millions of ducks and geese in the Central Valley. DU works with the Rice Commission and growers to help keep rice strong, which, in turn, maintains vital wildlife habitat.  California Natural Resources Secretary Wade Crowfoot recently visited Butte County and had positive remarks about the Sacramento Valley ecosystem and the vital role rice plays for wildlife habitat. “We are seeing these flooded up rice fields teeming with birds on the Pacific Flyway,” Crowfoot said.  “It always reminds me that we can find paths forward in California that protect water for people and nature.”   Ducks are inspirational to many, including artist René C. Reyes.  “Ducks are an appealing subject because they are a great mix of awkwardness and beauty. On land, ducks waddle and they quack, but in the air, they are quite amazing. In water, where they are in their element, that’s when their beauty comes out and, in my art, that’s what I try to capture.” Here's a link to where you can find learn more about waterbirds in the Sacramento Valley and how you can support conservation. Episode Transcript René Reyes: When I see thousands or millions of birds flying overhead during their migration, which they've been doing for thousands of years, I see a glimpse of our past. Jim Morris: Artist, René Reyes, captures incredible detail in his wildlife paintings, including ducks, one of the most popular and beloved birds in the world. René Reyes: They are a great mix of awkwardness and beauty. On land ducks waddle, and they quack. But in the air, they're quite amazing. They're a sight to see. But in water, where they are in their element, that's when their beauty comes out. And in my art, that's what I try to capture. Jim Morris: The Sacramento Valley offers vital habitat for ducks. California has changed a lot since its early days, and there's a challenging balance between managing our environment, cities, and farms. Fortunately, with cooperation and creativity, there is a way to make it all work.  [Music Intro] Jim Morris: Welcome to Ingrained, the California Rice podcast. I'm your host, Jim Morris. I'm at the DeWit Rice Farm in Sutter County, one of the places where ducks thrive. With me is Virginia Getz of Ducks Unlimited and one of my colleagues at the California Rice Commission, Luke Matthews, wildlife programs manager. Virginia, you cover the Western region for Ducks Unlimited. What area do you cover? Virginia Getz: Yes, I'm the manager of conservation programs for DU's Western regional office. I oversee our group of biologists that are responsible for developing and delivering our on the ground conservation work in a four-state area, which includes California, Nevada, Hawaii, and Arizona. Jim Morris: So when you look at California, specifically, in the effort to preserve the duck population for future generations, what are some of the challenges that are specific here in California? Virginia Getz: Well, increased competition for water is the major issue that we face and it's growing in importance daily. And a particular concern is the risk of reduction or loss of water for rice straw decomposition. Ninety-five percent of the wetland habitat that historically occurred in the Central Valley has been lost and waterfowl populations are now heavily dependent on agricultural lands, primarily rice. The economics of growing rice has been good and that's kept a large land base in rice production, but that could change. Population growth and urban encroachment are continued threats, and we also are seeing a conversion of ricelands to trees and vines, crops which are not waterfowl friendly. Jim Morris: So what can DU do to try to maintain that rice habitat and a healthy duck population here in the Central Valley? Virginia Getz: DU has an excellent working relationship with the rice industry and rice farmers in the Sacramento Valley. Ricelands are essential for supporting wintering waterfowl populations and therefore we work closely with rice interests on policy, outreach, and funding programs to help maintain a large rice base in the region. We provided an incentive program for farmers to implement winter flooding as an alternative to burning, to decompose their rice straw, and that helped establish flooding as a standard practice for straw decomposition. DU also hold 12 conservation easements that permanently protect about five thousand acres of ricelands in key areas in the Sacramento Valley. Jim Morris: So Luke Matthews, what are some ways that you work with Ducks Unlimited and other conservation groups to maximize this duck habitat? Luke Matthews: So, what we do is we apply for federal grants with Ducks Unlimited and many of our other partners to get more funding to provide habitat on the landscape, in these agricultural fields, that's beneficial for waterfowl, but also for shorebirds and many other waterbirds that use these rice fields in the Sacramento Valley. Some of them need deeper water, shallower water, versus earlier water and later water. So, a lot of the work we do is providing water on the landscape, but at the right time and at the right depths. Jim Morris: So Virginia, looking back at ducks here in the Central Valley, can you give me a few numbers about how large the population is here? Virginia Getz: Yeah, the Central Valley is one of the three most significant areas for wintering waterfowl in North America. And therefore, it's one of our highest priority areas for conservation. The Central Valley is truly the heart of the Pacific Flyway. It's the single most important area for wintering waterfowl in the entire Flyway, and it supports sixty percent of the migrating and wintering waterfowl in the Flyway. Now in an average year, that translates to more than five million ducks and more than two and a half million geese. Jim Morris: If you take rice out of the equation, or if you dramatically reduced the rice acreage, what happens to the duck population? Virginia Getz: Well, ninety-five percent of the wetland habitat that historically occurred in the Valley's been lost. Currently, about sixty-eight percent of the nutritional needs of wintering waterfowl in the Central Valley are being met by agricultural lands, primarily rice. The dependency of waterfowl and agricultural lands varies by basin. And both the Sutter and American basins, where wetlands are extremely limited, agricultural lands provide more than ninety percent of the nutritional needs of wintering waterfowl. If we were to lose about fifty percent of the rice acreage that's out there now, we would be able to support one million less waterfowl in the winter. Jim Morris: When you look at hunting season in the Sacramento Valley, how much does this actually contribute to conservation? Virginia Getz: There are currently about 205,000 acres of managed wetlands that remain in the Valley. And two-thirds of those are in private ownership. Most of those wetlands are being managed for waterfowl hunting. We're going to continue to count on private wetlands to meet the needs of wintering waterfowl. Waterfowl hunters are very passionate about waterfowl wetlands and the waterfowling tradition, and they have a long history of habitat conservation. Waterfowl hunters purchase both state and federal duck stamps, which provide funding for wetland habitat protection, restoration enhancement, and they contribute significantly to the local economies of the areas in which they hunt. Jim Morris: You've been at Ducks Unlimited now for 20 years and when did your passion for wildlife start and how ideal is the job you have right now? Virginia Getz: I'm a wildlife biologist by training and I knew I wanted to be a wildlife biologist when I was very young. I've always had a love for the outdoors and wildlife. and habitat. And wildlife conservation is at the heart of my personal values. But back in 2000, DU had an opening for a regional biologist in the Intermountain West. And that region included portions of Northeast California and Southern Oregon, areas in which I had hunted waterfowl and spent time recreating and I really loved that landscape. So, this was an opportunity to work for the resource, to focus on waterfowl and wetlands and what more could biologist ask for? So, I took that job. Jim Morris: What are the absolute keys, Virginia, to maintaining this duck population for future generations to enjoy? Virginia Getz: We need to maintain the wetland base that we have and we need to increase the acreage of wetlands on the landscape. And we need to maintain a large rice base here in the Valley and ensure that we have sufficient waters to support both the wetlands and the ricelands. The way we got to where we are with wetlands and ricelands is through cooperation. We have a strong history of partnering here in the Valley. And that way of working together cooperatively to accomplish conservation is the key to the future. Jim Morris: That's where telling the story of the rich environment of the Sacramento Valley is so important. The greater the understanding of how special this region is, the better chance we have to maintain it. Here's what California Natural Resources Secretary Wade Crowfoot had to say during his recent trip to the Gray Lodge Wildlife Area in Butte County. As you're driving in the Sacramento Valley, there's obviously rice fields this time of year filled with birds. What are your thoughts of this important environment in the Sacramento Valley and the need to do all we can to conserve this massive migration that we see? Wade Crowfoot: Well, one of my favorite road trips in this job is actually moving through the Sacramento Valley in the winter. Where you're seeing these flooded up rice fields, teeming with birds on the Pacific Flyway. And it always reminds me that we can find paths forward in California that protect water for people and nature. When I come up here and I see these ducks, these waterfowl on the river, it's just tremendously inspirational. Jim Morris: Preserving this jewel of our state includes careful stewardship of a much debated subject in California – water. Listen to these encouraging comments from Secretary Crowfoot. Wade Crowfoot: There's entrenched narrative in California that water is all about conflict and it's all about making trade-offs. When in fact, we know we need secure water supplies for farmers and communities, while continuing to improve habitat for fish and wildlife. And what's happening with rice growing in the Sacramento Valley is proving that we can balance these needs. Jim Morris: That's how things get done in this Valley. Through passionate people like Virginia Getz. Virginia Getz: Oh, I'm living the dream, working for Ducks Unlimited. Jim Morris: And dedicated groups working cooperatively for a greater goal: maintaining and enhancing our diverse ecosystem here in the Sacramento Valley. That'll wrap up this episode of Ingrained, many thanks to Virginia Getz and all of those at Ducks Unlimited, Resources Secretary Wade Crowfoot, Luke Matthews, René Reyes, and the many people who appreciate and work to preserve wildlife. A reminder to go to podcast.calrise.org for more information and to subscribe. Thanks for listening.

How do you take opportunities and experiences early in your life and use them to shape your career so you can make an impact? And how important are the relationships you form along the way? On this episode, Wade Crowfoot, California's Secretary for Natural Resources, takes us through his curvy journey from early roles as an intern to where he is today, leading 19,000 people responsible for natural resources across California. His fascinating story is full of insights and lessons that extend far beyond government and politics. Spoiler alert: strong relationships make a big difference.

Two of the 19th century's most prominent leaders of the plains First Nations evolve from enemies into friends while faced with grave threats to their people and their way of life, both are thus forced to make hard choices in the tumultuous violent period of the late 19th century.

** This conversation was recorded on June 4, 2019 ** Wildfire Season is here! (Although in California, it’s now almost year-round, right?) To find out how the Golden State is planning for it, we talked with the man who is now responsible for a lot of those fire management and firefighting efforts — Wade Crowfoot, California’s new Secretary for Natural Resources. He’s in charge of CAL Fire and the Departments of Water Resources, Fish and Wildlife, and Parks and Recreation. Basically, Crowfoot is making a lot of the decisions about what happens on California lands — and what should happen to those lands in this age of climate change. Listen to Crowfoot explain what he’s planning for forest management, wildfire preparedness and firefighting efforts, and what will be different about Wildfire Season 2019. PODCAST PLAY-BY-PLAY * O to 4:40 minutes - Intro to California Groundbreakers * 4:40 min - Welcome to Wade Crowfoot's favorite places that show off California's natural resources at its finest * 7 min - How Crowfoot started on the path of an environmental-focused career; and the comparisons/contrasts of working for both Gavin Newsom and Jerry Brown at different times * 11:05 min - What has struck Crowfoot most about this job and its huge influence in the past two months since he was appointed * 13:10 min - Forest management, and how to do it in the nation's most-populous state * 17:10 min - Planned firefighting strategies for Wildfire Season 2019 * 22:20 min - How Cal Fire is using new technology to spot and manage wildfires * 25:05 min - Dealing with Washington D.C. when it comes to forest management and wildfires; and how much will California be spending on these -- and is it enough? * 28:30 min - The role -- and financial responsibility -- of utility companies in wildfire prevention and management * 33:50 min - Should we rebuild in areas hit by fire that probably will be hit again? And how to handle the town of Paradise's contaminated water supply, which will be expensive to clean up? * 37:20 min - What are the responsibilities of owners to create "defensible space" and fireproof their properties? * 40 min - How to tackle the labor shortage for jobs in forest/wildfire management * 43:35 min - What can be done to make California a more fire-resilient state? And handling retreats from areas that are prone to wildfires and rising sea levels * 50:55 min - Boosting wildfire preparedness and protection in vulnerable communities * 53:45 min - A new strategy for managing water allocation to California's rural and urban areas * 56:35 min - How is the legislature doing in handling wildfire-focused laws? And would a wildfire version of "tornado sirens" work here? * 1 hr, 1:50 min - A plan for California to take over management of Federal lands * 1 hr, 3:30 min - Should "fire fees" be charged again to rural residents for firefighting efforts?And making it easier and quicker for governments to approve pilot programs of new technologies for wildfire management * 1 hr, 7:35 min - The "people vs fish" question: balancing saving the fish and ensuring enough water for people * 1 hr, 11:15 min - Balancing forest-management projects with carbon-reduction goals * 1 hr, 13:15 min - Crowfoot plugs a few plans for other Natural Resources' upcoming projects, and its new building going up in Downtown Sacramento

We see it everyday. The tents, the trash, the drugs. Everyday, we walk by people who are struggling, flying cardboard signs asking for money or food. Should we give? Say hi? Or just pass by? On one hand the heart wants to help a struggling neighbor. On the other, the mind wonders what the person will do with the money you gave them.  Homelessness is a complicated issue. As the city rises our problems rise with it. It seems that every problem that’s solved, another one gets created. Recently, KOMO news released a documentary called "Seattle is Dying" which now has over 3.1 million views. Whether you liked it or not, it’s sparked a passionate and politically fueled debate where both sides are screaming at each other. On today’s episode, we sit down with someone who is actually homeless. Raven Crowfoot moved to Seattle in 2003 to be with his mom. Little did he know, his mom had a severe drug addiction. In 2004 they were kicked out of their home and Raven has been living on the streets ever since.  We dive into what it’s like to be homeless, how difficult it is to get housing, how Seattle is considered a paradise for homeless folks and what it’s like to stay sober while living on the streets. We also talk with Samaritan Co-Founder, Jason Keil. Samaritan is a Seattle based tech company that is using app technology to give homeless people dignity, respect and community while offering vital services in the moment of need.

While working on a digital product for a highly complex brand with 20 million customers, Alex Crowfoot and his team at digital product studio ustwo realised the business they were working with just wasn’t in the right place to make the product they knew was possible. Alex will present the tools ustwo created and the outcome. Join #productized18 and learn about the latest trends.

In this episode, I wrap up the story of Blackfoot Chief Crowfoot as he experiences life under Canada's Treaty 7. I also look at the implications of some recent government and court decisions regarding development in the Bow Valley. For the complete show notes, please visit our show page at www.MountainNaturePodcast.com/ep064. Here you'll find links to additional information and our show archive. 

A New Review of the Podcast Before I reprise the story of Crowfoot, I wanted to give a shout out to an iTunes listener with the screen name Jul121314 in the U.S. for the kind review. The review is titled "Great Storytelling". They continue saying: "Love listening to the stories - current and historical. I love the Canadian Rockies and this podcast gives me a much deeper understanding. " Thank you so much. Those that know me will tell you that I'm always trying to find the "story" hidden within a subject. Science and history are full of fascinating stories, and my goal with this show is to make sure that you always have a great story to enjoy. Crowfoot and Treaty 7 In last week's episode, I introduced you to the Blackfoot Chief Crowfoot. He was born at a time when the Blackfoot ruled the plains from Cypress Hills to the Continental Divide and from Montana to the North Saskatchewan River. If you haven't listened to that episode, you can enjoy it at www.MountainNaturePodcast.com/ep062. When I wrapped the episode, the Northwest Mounted Police had marched westward to chase away whiskey traders that had invaded Canadian territory from Montana. Crowfoot was happy the government would remove the whiskey that had ravaged his people, but he still wanted to better understand the role of the Mounties on Blackfoot territory. Once the Mounties were settled into their camp at Fort MacLeod, Colonel Macleod requested a meeting with the leaders of the Blackfoot Nation. When the meeting finally took place, and the leaders of the Blackfoot, Blood, and Piegan were gathered, Crowfoot asked Macleod to help the people understand the role of the police in their territory. By the time Crowfoot left Fort Macleod, he felt a strong affinity to the Colonel. Both understood the importance of peaceful relations and Crowfoot had already seen how the police were able to put an end to the trade of whiskey to his people. Crowfoot also felt Macleod was a man of his word. It was a precarious time for the nations of the Confederacy, and trust was critical if they were to move forward. Crowfoot saw this as a sign that the old ways had to change. He began to discourage his followers from raiding enemy camps to steal horses. The era of intertribal warfare would need to end. On the short term, the fortunes of the nations of the Blackfoot improved. With the expulsion of the whiskey trade, the Blackfoot Nation began to rebound. Rather than booze, they once again began to trade for horses and other goods necessary for their people. Despite this short-term feeling of complacency, Crowfoot saw disheartening changes within their territory. What had started as a trickle, was gradually becoming a flood of white men into Blackfoot territory. At the same time, the once plentiful buffalo were beginning to decline. For a nation so culturally tied to the previously endless herds of bison, Crowfoot imagined a time when the buffalo may no longer roam the plains. As incomprehensible as it would have been to him a few years earlier, Crowfoot worried for the future of his people. Reverend MacDougall, Crowfoots long-trusted friend explained that other First Nations had signed treaties with the Canadian government and that these treaties would ensure the rights of the Blackfoot by spelling out their claims to what must have felt like an endlessly shrinking landscape. It's likely that Crowfoot could not have any real concept of what a treaty would mean for his people, as well as what they would be giving up. What he did know was that more whites came every year and along with them fewer buffalo were available to hunt. It was only a matter of time before once endless herds were a memory and he knew there needed to be some agreement with the government of the whites. There was ample reason to be sceptical of any treaty with the government. The southern members of the Blackfoot Nation signed a treaty with the American government in 1855. It wasn't long before it became obvious it wasn't worth the paper it was written upon. Monies due were never on time, the quality of the promised supplies continually dropped over time, and more settlers meant the government continually insisted on changing terms of agreements already signed. When gold was discovered in Montana in the 1860s, the trickle of white settlers became a torrent. This led the Bloods and Piegan to defend their territory prompting Americans to send in the cavalry. The "Blackfoot War" as the dispute became known was finally settled when the Cavalry slaughtered 173 Piegan in an undefended camp. Most of the victims were women and children. When the Mounties arrived in the west, several of the Chiefs that would be asked to sign the Canadian Treaty were also signatories of the disastrous American one as well. Late in 1875, Crowfoot called a council of chiefs to discuss the possibility of a treaty with the Canadians. Along with all five head chiefs representing the three tribes, an additional 10 minor chiefs took part. They created a petition which was presented at the newly built Fort Calgary. They complained that white settlers were homesteading without restriction, usually in the best hunting grounds, and that incursions were increasingly common with Cree and mixed-blood Metis that were also hunting buffalo in their territory. Since no Indian Commissioner had been sent to them, they insisted that one: "visit us this summer at the Hand Hills and [state] the time of his arrival there, so we could meet with him and hold a Council for putting a [stop] to the invasion of our country, till our Treaty be made with the government." South of the border, a treaty with the Sioux, like the Blackfoot Treaty of 1855, had been signed in 1868, giving them hunting rights along the North Platte River and east of the Bighorn Mountains. Whites were to be excluded as long as there was good hunting for the Sioux. Well, all of that quickly fell apart when gold was found in the Black Hills in 1874. Prospectors flooded Sioux lands, and despite the pleas of the Sioux that the government honour the treaty, they were instead met with soldiers of the United States Cavalry. When the Sioux rebelled, the cavalry led by General George Crook, descended upon a large gathering of Cheyenne and Sioux along the Powder River. The carnage forced many to surrender and return to their reservation, but it also radicalized many who moved west to gather their strength for the coming conflict. Central to this was the great Sioux chief Sitting Bull. He sought to build a broad alliance, among both friend and enemy, to fight a common foe. Emissaries were sent to neighbouring tribes to seek allies in the coming conflict. One of these messengers was sent to the camp of Crowfoot. He offered a gift of tobacco, as well as horses, mules, and should they defeat the Americans, white women slaves. They also promised that once the Cavalry were defeated, they would ride north to rid the plains of the white men. The police were few and the people of the plains were many. Crowfoot needed little time to turn down offers of war with the whites, particularly with the Sioux who had long been their enemies. His message was met with a threat. The Sioux were strong and had a plan to destroy the soldiers; then they would come for the Blackfoot along with the police. As is often the case, timing is everything. When the news of the threat arrived in Crowfoot's camp, Inspector Cecil Denny happened to be present. Crowfoot shared with him the entire story. Denny promised the protection of the police to the Blackfoot, and Crowfoot offered 2000 warriors should the Sioux march north. The year was 1876 and Crowfoot stated: "we all see that the day is coming when the buffalo will all be killed, And we shall have nothing more to live on…  Then you'll come into our camp and see the poor Blackfoot starving.  I know that the heart of the capital white soldier will be sorry for us, and they will tell the great mother who will not let her children starve. We are getting shut in.  The Crees are coming into our country from the north, and the white men from the south and east, and they are all destroying our means of living; but still, although we plainly see these days coming, we will not join the Sioux against the whites, but will depend upon you to help us." This speech impressed Denny who sent a copy to Queen Victoria who personally responded to the chief to thank him for his loyalty. While this was playing out in Canada, Sitting Bull had already routed General George Armstrong Custer at the Little Bighorn in Montana. However, rather than following up on their threats, the Sioux realized their time in American territory was finished and they fled north into the Cypress Hills within Canadian territory. Sitting Bull, who had threatened to wipe the Mounties from the landscape, instead assured these same Mounties that he would break no laws in Canada. Again, Sitting Bull sent gifts of tobacco to Crowfoot's camp. This time the message was one of peace and friendship. The chief refused to smoke the tobacco until he understood Sitting Bull's true intentions. To his surprise, a party of Sioux, including Sitting Bull himself arrived at his camp. They both pledged peace and smoked the tobacco. The following year, the Canadian Government arranged to negotiate a treaty with the Blackfoot. Colonel James Macleod and Lieutenant Governor David Laird were appointed as commissioners charged with negotiating a treaty with the nations of the Confederacy. The presence of Sitting Bull in Canadian territory helped hasten the urgency of cementing a positive arrangement with such a powerful nation. At the same time, cattle were beginning to make their presence known on the plains and many envious eyes were looking westward towards the plentiful grasslands of Alberta, or what would eventually be Alberta. To complicate matters, in 1872 the government had promised a railroad link to British Columbia to connect it with the rest of the nation. This meant that a ribbon of steel would have to cross the country; the territory of the Blackfoot lay smack dab along the future line. As the various groups of the Blackfoot Confederacy, Sarcee, and Stoney nations gathered, Commissioner Laird summarized the changing conditions on the plains: “in a very few years, the buffalo will probably be all destroyed, and for this reason, the queen wishes to help you to live in the future in some other way.  She wishes you to allow her white children to come and live on your land and raise cattle, and should you agree to this she will assist you to raise cattle and grain, and thus give you the means of living when the buffalo are no more.  She will also pay you and your children money every year, which you can spend as you please.” His speech essentially asked them to share their hunting grounds in return for some land, cows, potatoes, ammunition and a whopping $5.00 per year. In return, they would be signing a treaty that would essentially strip them of their rightful ownership of their traditional territories; territories won through generations of war, blood, and sacrifice. Laird had little empathy for these first nations and often belittled claims that, to the Blackfeet, were not trivial matters. One of the Blood Chiefs, Medicine Calf had already signed one treaty - with the Americans. He saw that treaty continually broken and the terms ignored. He spoke: “the Great Mother sent you to this country, and we hope she will be good to us for many years…  The Americans gave at first large bags of flour, sugar, and many blankets; the next year was only half the quantity, and the following year grew less and less, and now they give only a handful of flour." When he asked about compensation for firewood used by the police and settlers, Laird responded: “Why, you Indians ought to pay us for sending these traders in fire water away and giving you security and peace, rather than we pay you for the timber used.”… The negotiations were hard and contentious. The many leaders of the various nations all had different ideas of what would be necessary to sign a treaty. According to one story, a white man spread a line of dollars on a table and informed Crowfoot that this was the currency by which the white man traded…not skins. Crowfoot took a handful of clay, made a ball, and placed it in the fire. He then looked to the white man and said: “Now put your money on the fire and see if it will last as long as the clay.” When the white man responded that his money will burn, Crowfoot retorted: "Oh your money is not as good as our land, is it? The wind will blow it away; the fire will burn it; water will rot it. Nothing will destroy our land. You don’t make a very good trade.” The chief handed the white man a handful of sand and asked him to count the number of grains of sand. When the white man admitted that he couldn't possibly count every grain, Crowfoot replied: “Very well, our land is more valuable than your money. It will last forever. It will not perish as long as the sun shines and the water flows, and through all the years it will give life to men and animals, and therefore we cannot sell the land. It was put there by the Great Spirit and we cannot sell it because it does not really belong to us. You can count your money and burn it with a nod of a buffalo’s head, but only the Great Spirit can count the grains of sand and the blades of grass on these plains. As a present, we will give you anything you can take with you, but we cannot give you the land.” Crowfoot showed that he truly understood the idea of ownership, but it is debatable as to whether he truly comprehended what the loss of all their land would mean to the Blackfoot. As negotiations continued to drag on, there were rumours that the northern Piegan were pondering massacring the government representatives. Crowfoot was against any violence towards the commission. The situation began to improve when the remainder of the leaders of the Blood tribe finally arrived at the treaty site. As the last of the great chiefs of the Confederacy arrived, even though the negotiations were difficult, the presence of the entire nation in one place helped raise spirits. Crowfoot consulted a medicine man for whom he had great respect. When asked if he should sign a treaty, the response was: “I want to hold you back because I am at the edge of the bank.  My life is at its end.  I hold you back because your life henceforth will be different from what it has been.  Buffalo makes your body strong.  What you will eat from this money will have your people buried all over these hills.  You will be tied down, you will not wander the plains; the whites will take your land and fill it.  You won’t have your own free will; the whites will lead you by a halter.  That’s why I say don’t sign.  But my life is old, so sign if you want to.  Go ahead and make the treaty.”… In the end, the various chiefs trusted Crowfoot to make the final decision as to whether they should sign. Finally, Crowfoot rose to speak: “While I speak, be kind and patient.  I have to speak for my people, who are numerous, and who rely upon me to follow that course which in the future will tend to their good.  The plains are large and wide.  We are the children of the plains.  It is our home, and the buffalo has been our food always.  I hope you look upon the Blackfeet, Bloods, and Sarcees as your children now, and that you will be indulgent and charitable to them.  They all expect me to speak now for them, and I trust the Great Spirit will put into their breasts to be a good people into the minds of the men, women and children, and their future generations... The advice given me and my people has proved to be very good.  If the police had not come to the country, where would we all be now?  Bad men and whiskey were killing us so fast that very few, indeed, of us would have been left today.  The police have protected us as the feathers of the bird protected from the frosts in winter.  I wish them all good, and trust that all our hearts will increase in goodness from this time forward.  I am satisfied.  I will sign the treaty.” With Crowfoot's words, the other chiefs also made their mark upon the treaty. The next order of business was to decide where their reserves would be located. Crowfoot believed that a single large reserve would help to keep their nation strong and strengthen their negotiating power with the whites. When there was no resistance he selected a long strip of land four miles wide extending some 320 km east into buffalo country. While the whites wanted the Blackfoot to take up farming, Crowfoot could not see his people surviving by "scratching the land" to grow food. He picked rich hunting grounds, but poor land for farming. Crowfoot was the first to sign. He expressed the concerns many of the Blackfoot had: “Great Father!  Take pity on me with regard to my country, with regard to the mountains, the hills and the valleys; with regard to the prairies, the forest and the waters; with regard to all the animals that inhabit them, and do not take them from myself and my children forever.” After Crowfoot, all the other chiefs, true to their word to him, also made their mark on the treaty. A missionary that was present at the signing, Father Scollen, was later asked if he thought the Blackfoot understood the magnitude of the document they had signed. He replied: “Did these Indians, or do they now, understand the real nature of the treaty made between the Government and themselves in 1877?  My answer to this question is unhesitatingly negative… Crowfoot, who beyond a doubt, is considered the leading chief of the plains, did not seem to have a faint notion of the meaning of the treaty…  All the other chiefs followed Crowfoot, and the substance of their speeches was that they agreed with him in all that he said…” How could they understand the implications of the treaty? Interpreters whose job it was to explain the terms had no words that would help the chiefs truly understand the concept of giving up vast territories to be settled on tiny plots of land. The Blackfoot would soon learn what signing this treaty meant. For generations, they had relied on winter snows to force the bison towards their winter hunting grounds in the foothills. This year the snows didn't come. Instead, winter fires on the prairies forced the bison to stay north of the Cypress Hills. The Blackfoot, as they had always done, had no choice but to follow the herds. Soon they found themselves on the edge of their territory and within spitting distance of their traditional enemies the Crees, Assiniboines, and Sioux. The winter was very difficult and starvation was a regular visitor to the camps. Sitting Bull once again visited Crowfoots camp and, while Crowfoot had no issues with the great chief, he advised that the Sioux stay away from their camps in such stressful times. He was worried that he would not be able to control his warriors. While spring brought a few buffalo back to the plains, Crowfoot could see that the future would no longer see them as master of territories occupied by vast numbers of buffalo. The bison were fewer and fewer and the many competing nations were all desperate for the same few animals. Crowfoot also learned that his friend Red Crow, chief of the Bloods, had decided, against the advice of Crowfoot, that he wanted a reserve farther south. This meant the joint reserve Crowfoot hoped for would not happen, and the single voice they might have with the government would now be partitioned. Crowfoot felt betrayed by his friend Colonel Macleod who had approved the request by Red Crow. He knew that this would weaken the power of the Blackfoot and was sure there was treachery on the part of the commission. The next winter was no better. The bison were scarce and the Blackfeet began to starve. Instead of bison, in desperation, they began to kill anything that was edible, whether it was a rabbit, ground squirrel, mouse, porcupine, or even badgers. If it had meat, it was fair game. Pleas to the government who had previously promised to feed the nation fell on deaf ears. Over the winter, they began to eat the camp dogs, and in time, began to eat anything made of leather, from moccasins, leather bags, and any piece of animal skin that might contain nourishment. The winter was terrible. In addition to the starvation, a party of 1,000 equally weak Crees camped just a few miles away. After a heated argument led to one of the Cree being killed, they finally moved on. Finally, in July of 1879, Edgar Dewdney was appointed as Indian Commissioner. He heard the pleas of Three Bulls and the other Blackfeet and brought beef along with flour and tea to offer relief to the starving. As he reported: “On arriving there, I found about 1300 Indians in a very destitute condition and many on the verge of starvation.  Young men who were known to be Stout and  hearty fellows some six months ago, were quite emaciated and so weak they could hardly work; the old people and widows, who, with their children live on the charity of the younger and more prosperous, had nothing, and many a pitiable tale was told of the misery they had endured.” That summer, the Blackfoot were advised by Dewdney and Colonel Macleod that many bison were being seen around the Cypress Hills. The Blackfoot followed their advice and sent the old and sick to Fort Macleod to be cared for by the police. As it turns out, those headed to the fort would fare far better than the warriors that headed out to hunt as their forefathers had done before them. As they approached Cypress Hills, Crowfoot met his foster brother Three Bulls who told him the animals that had previously been there had now moved out of the area. American hide hunters had set fires south of the border to prevent the normal northward migration of the buffalo, trapping them south of the border. While Crowfoot had never taken his people south of the American border before, the southern Piegan had always hunted there. Crowfoot had no choice but to head south into unknown territory. Unfortunately, his reputation preceded him and his arrival was heralded by a scalding news story in the American media: “Crowfoot has always been the leader of noted murderers, and is responsible for the death of more than one emigrant and prospector, yet this red butcher has been the pet of the Mounted Police ever since the latter arrived in the country” It hurts me to share quotes like this, but it's necessary to show the difference between Canadian and American views towards First Nations. At the same time, it was the Canadian government, with whom the Blackfoot had signed treaties with the promise of fair treatment and supplies of food, that had forced them to be there in the first place. The Americans resented the presence of so-called Canadian Indians and they had a good reason. Dewdney, in private correspondence, admitted as much: “I advised them strongly to go and gave them some provisions to take them off.  They continued to follow the buffalo further and further south until they reached the main herd and there they remained…  I consider their remaining away saved the government $100,000 at least.” Americans saw their territory swarmed by natives of every affiliation, from Blackfeet to Sarcee to Gros Ventres, and on and on. Each of these nations had no other choice, except starvation. The bison were quickly vanishing and these were all people of the bison. In addition to the scorn and risk of cavalry attacks from travelling south of the border, suddenly they were back in the lands of the whiskey trader. No sooner were their bellies full, did the whiskey wagons arrive in their camps. Suddenly, in addition to the whiskey, there was a new voice trying to whisper into their heads, a Metis by the name of Louis Riel. Riel had been a leader of the Metis when confederation transferred the lands of the Red River Settlement to the fledgeling Canadian government. He understood that the transfer of lands would be done with little consultation to the first nations and Metis that were already living there. In 1869, when the government sent surveyors to partition and run the area, Riel led his people in a rebellion. The government sent out soldiers and Riel fled to the U.S. to escape prosecution where he continued to promote mixed-blood rights. His resistance led to the founding of the province of Manitoba, and despite living in exile, he was elected three times to the federal government in absentia. Also in his absence, his colleague Father Nol Ritchot, managed to stare down John A. Macdonald and his Conservatives in negotiations and have the province of Manitoba established in May of 1870 while Riel was still in hiding. It was just a tiny postage stamp in terms of its present size. While merely one-eighteenth the size of modern-day Manitoba, it accomplished its goals of protecting the Red River settlement and the Metis for whom Riel had fought. Riel was gone from the political scene in Manitoba, but he was still working to coordinate a much larger rebellion that would take control of the Northwest Territories. While in Montana, Riel met with Crowfoot. As Crowfoot described the meeting: “He wanted me to join with all the Sioux, and the Crees, and half-breeds.  The idea was to have a general uprising and capture the North-West, and hold it for the Indian race and the Métis [mixed-bloods].  We were to meet at Tiger Hills, in Montana; we were to have a government of our own.  I refused, but the others were willing…” Riel had persuasive words, but Crowfoot could see they led only to ruin for his people. Like Sitting Bull a few years earlier, he was able to see past the passion and the fervour to the ruinous results. Somehow, despite being starved into another country, he still had confidence in the Mounted Police. In his conversations with Riel, there was an interpreter present, a false-priest by the name of  Jean L’Heureux. While L'Heureux had never been ordained as a priest, he roamed the plains preaching the gospel. Despite this official stature as a false-priest, others like Father Lacombe hired him as an interpreter due to the very close relationship with the first nations of the plains, in particular, the Blackfoot. He was a confidant of Crowfoot and he described Riel's words: “I soon learned the whole plan of the affair, which was nothing less than the invasion and taking possession of the North-West Territories, with the help of a general uprising of all the Indian tribes, united to the half-breeds…  That R…was to be governor, and Riel the first minister of his cabinet, where a seat was to be given to the Indian chief who, with his people, would help the half-breeds most in the contemplated invasion… Riel planned for his allies to meet at Tiger Hills and from there to march on the Canadians. Unfortunately, the Americans in whose territory Crowfoot's people were currently residing, also heard these stories of war parties. Like Sitting Bull, Crowfoot didn't want anything to do with Riel's rebellion and soon Riel realized that with the Americans aware of his plans, it was best for him to make tracks for the Judith Basin in Montana and talk no more…for now of rebellion. Oddly enough, Sitting Bull also met with Crowfoot in Montana. He had slipped south of the border as he had done numerous times to hunt. His people, like the Blackfoot, were also forced south of the Medicine Line in the quest for bison. He wanted no quarrel with the Blackfoot as he knew that he needed to return to Canada as soon as possible. He said to Crowfoot: “my children will be your children and your's mine.  From now on we will never fight again and we will be on the same side at all times.” He even named one of his children Crowfoot. Unfortunately, within days, a Sioux war party raided Crowfoot's camp and stole numerous horses. The two men never spoke again. While Sitting Bull's people were officially still in Canada, the situation for them got increasingly worse. Prime Minister John A Macdonald didn't like having the Sioux warrior on Canadian soil and he believed that Major James Walsh of the fort that bore his name in the Cypress Hills, was too lenient with Sitting Bull. However, Walsh had gained a great respect for the old Chief, as long as he kept his people peaceful. Macdonald had Walsh transferred to Fort Qu’Appelle, some 250 km distant. He was replaced by an officious inspector Lief N.F. (‘Paddy’) Crozier. He was instructed to convince Sitting Bull to go back to the U.S. Finally, in July of 1881, Sitting Bulls remaining followers rode south and surrendered at Fort Buford on the Yellowstone River. In the meantime, Walsh had taken vacation time and travelled to Chicago to meet with an American Indian Agent with whom he was friends. He pleaded for fair treatment for the Sioux. Sitting Bull was imprisoned for 20 months at Fort Randall in South Dakota and was freed in May of 1883. The following year, while touring Canada and the U.S. he met Annie Oakley. The Minnesotan sharpshooter deeply impressed the old chief and he adopted her as his daughter, giving her the name "Little Sure Shot". She continued to use that name throughout her career. He joined the Wild West Show of Buffalo Bill Cody in 1885 but only stayed for four months before returning to his reserve at Standing Rock. Around this time, a new native religious movement called the ghost dance became popular. The military was fearful of it and became convinced that Sitting Bull was an instigator. They ordered him arrested and during the scuffle, the old chief, along with numerous other Sioux, were killed. The plains had lost another great chief and songs of mourning filled the air at Standing Rock. Like Crowfoot, Sitting Bull was a man trapped in time. He was from a once proud and powerful nation that saw his way of life destroyed. While he chose a different path than Crowfoot, he did so with the conviction that he was doing what was best for his people. Next week, I'll finish the story of Crowfoot and the Blackfoot as they are eventually forced back to Canada amidst Cavalry threats, sickness, and starvation. Yellow Ladyslipper Orchid A few episodes back, in episode 60, I talked about the Calypso orchid and how it tricked bumblebee queens into pollinating it without providing any nectar reward. This week, I want to look at another related orchid, the yellow ladyslipper orchid. Orchids are a very old family of plants, and along with the dandelion or daisy family, represent the two largest plant families on the planet. There are more than 28,000 different orchid species on the planet today. Each one has evolved a slightly different strategy to attract their specific pollinator. Few plant families have diversified as much as the orchids in order to attract a very specific insect to act as courier to transplant pollen from one flower to another.  Orchids are also part of the major plant group called monocotyledon. This includes most of the grasses and sedges, along with lilies and irises. Monocots, as they are commonly referred, usually have grass-like leaves, with the veins running parallel to the leaf margin. Their petals are also usually arranged in multiples of threes, for instance, three or six petals. Most flowers reward pollinators with treats of nectar or pollen. Pollen is one of nature's most perfect foods. It contains everything that a honey bee needs to survive: sugar, proteins, enzymes, minerals and vitamins. The nectar is used to make honey to feed the larvae in the hive. So many plants have evolved specifically to provide one or both of these as a reward for pollinators visiting the plant and taking a bit of pollen to another plant to assist in cross-pollination. Across the orchid family, there are both nectar rewarding species and food deceptors like the Calypso which trick the bee into visiting but leave them hungry when they leave. Most orchids have three petals and three sepals. Unlike most plants though, where the sepals are usually nondescript, in orchids, often the sepals look just like the petals. This is particularly true of the ladyslippers. The yellow ladyslipper has three sepals that resemble the petals. One rises vertically above the plant and the other two fall behind and below the flower. It also has three petals, although the third one is modified into the pouch so distinctive in ladyslipper orchids. The other two petals, which resemble the sepals, tend two twist and curve forward as if they were the shoelaces that would tie the slipper onto the imaginary foot was this really a slipper. Above the pouch is a yellow triangular structure used to guide the bees into the pouch. Just in case they need further direction, there are purple markings that literally point down on the lip. To the bee, this means "follow this arrow to get pollen and/or nectar". Unfortunately for the bee, it gets neither. Like the Calypso, the yellow ladyslipper doesn't produce any nectar for the production of honey. That's alright, then a feed of pollen will do just fine. Unfortunately for the bee, the pollen of these orchids is all packed together into a single sticky mass. This allows a single bee visit to produce thousands of tiny seeds. When the bee follows the arrow on the lip into the pouch, it becomes trapped. Inside the pouch though, there's another series of purple lines that guide the bee towards the rear of the flower where there are two exit points for bees that are the right size. Too large and they may find themselves trapped in the pouch. Tiny angular hairs also serve to nudge the bee in the right direction towards these exits…oh and yah…the orchids reproductive organs. First, it passes the stigma or female part of the plant. If the bee has visited another orchid previously, the sticky pollen mass will be deposited here. Then, just before it exits the flower, an additional pollen mass will be placed on its back where it can't access it for feeding purposes. It will just stick there on the hopes that the bee gets duped once again. Without a pollen or nectar reward, there is little to motivate bees to keep visiting these orchids. That's why allowing a single visit to produce thousands of seeds is a good strategy - it makes every visit count. Why do bees come back? In part because of the seductive fragrance of the flower. It resembles the bees own pheromones. In addition, any bees that have already visited and escaped, leave their scent as well. This also serves to attract other unwitting bees. Once the flower is pollinated, it will produce a hard, vertical pod that contains thousands of tiny, wind-dispersed seeds. Once the seeds are released, for most plants the story would end. They would hopefully find their way to a place with good soil and germination would take place. For orchids, the story is not quite that simple. The seeds of the yellow ladyslipper are tiny and have very little in the way of food reserves. All plants need help in obtaining nutrients from the soil. Their roots need nitrogen and phosphorous to promote growth. Specialized fungi in the soil called mycorrhizal fungi are able to make these minerals available to the plants in return for a little of the sugar produced by the leaves. The fungi wraps itself around and, in some cases, within the roots. The plant provides sugar in return for these essential nutrients. Some 90% of all plants on the planet rely on these beneficial fungi for their growth. There are thousands of species of mycorrhizal fungi, and for most plants, they are not too fussy as to which species their roots associate with. They have sugar to trade, and the fungi have nitrogen. You give me yours and I'll give you mine. Some plants, as in the case of orchids though, are very particular. The yellow ladyslipper only associates with a small number of fungi species. It also needs their help to even germinate. Each of the seeds of the orchid are tiny and lack any food reserves. They need to land on just the right soil, which contains just the right fungi. Before they can germinate, the fungi have to wrap themselves around the seeds and provide not just nitrogen at this stage but also sugars. The plant seed has none so the fungus has to sustain the seeds until they can germinate. Essentially, at this time, the plant is parasitic to the fungus as it's not providing any sugars in return for the nourishment it is taking. Later, as the fungus feeds the seed until it germinates and grows, a period that can take years, The plant will begin to reciprocate and provide sugars to the fungus. In most plant relationships. Essentially, the relationship varies between one of parasitism and one of mutual benefit. Yellow ladyslippers also take hiatuses at different times in their lifespan where they won't sprout at all for several years. During these dormant times, it will, once again, rely on the fungi for nourishment. Unfortunately, this intense reliance on very specific soil fungi means that you can't transplant ladyslippers. The plants produce thousands of seeds specifically because the chance of germination is very rare. Only those few seeds that land in the right place, which contains the right fungal partner, have any chance of survival. It's important to think of orchids as a kind of compound species. The flower is only one component of the living plant. The fungi is intricately wound around and within its roots. One cannot exist without the other. If you see people tempted to dig them up or pick them, please let them know just how fragile these flowers are and that picking them today may mean that we never again get the pleasure of seeing another flower in that location. The more I learn about orchids and the orchid family, the more impressed I am. They are one of the most uniquely diversified group of plants on the planet. Because most don't offer nectar to their pollinators, they have to develop innovative ways of attracting them and making sure that each visit counts. And with that, it's time to wrap this episode up. Remember that Ward Cameron Enterprises is your source for all things Rocky Mountain. We offer nature, hiking, step-on, and photography guides to make sure your visit is a memorable one. Expert guides share the stories behind the scenery. If you'd like to reach out to me personally, you can hit me up on Twitter @wardcameron, or drop me a line at info@wardcameron.com. Don't forget to check out the show notes at www.MountainNaturePodcast.com/ep063 for links to additional information, and while you're there, don't forget to hit that subscribe button so you never miss another episode

Crowfoot The First Nations of the plains were a diverse and powerful collection of Tribes that were often at war with one another. Wars over territory, the best hunting areas, the theft of horses, and many other grievances kept the borders of various nations constantly in flux. One of the most powerful groups were the Blackfoot Confederacy of southern Alberta and northern Montana. The Confederacy was formed by three nations, the Siksika or Blackfoot, Piikani or Piegan, and the Kainai or Blood Nation. The Piegans are further separated into their Canadian and American counterparts with the Northern Piegan or Pikani and the Southern Piegan known as Piikuni. Later, they allied with the Tsuut'ina or Sarcee nation of Alberta, and the Atsina or Gros Ventre's from Montana. Early life on the plains was centred around the bison. European contact across the American West changed the life of the Plains Indian dramatically. As horses and guns made their first appearances in the 17th and 18th centuries, those nations with larger quantities of each could alter the balance of power between tribes. The Blackfoot Confederacy became masters of the horse and gun and used this to control large areas of southern Alberta and northern Montana. Their territory stretched from the North Saskatchewan River to the Yellowstone in Montana. East to west, they occupied areas from the Great Sand Hills in Saskatchewan to the Continental Divide. Their alliance became incredibly powerful, but they were often at war with the First Nations that surrounded their lands. The Blackfeet also controlled the trade of guns to their enemies on the British Columbia side of the Continental Divide.  Back in Episode 53, I shared the stories of David Thompson trading with the Kootenay or Ktunaxa in British Columbia and running for his life when the Piegans discovered he was violating their prohibition of trading guns. You can listen to that story at www.MountainNaturePodcast.com/ep053. Into this landscape was born one of the most influential leaders of the Blackfeet, a man that would later take the name of Crowfoot and who would be one of their greatest leaders at a time when they needed him most. Hugh Dempsey, in his book Crowfoot, offers an intimate glimpse into the world of this amazing leader. The year was 1830. The buffalo were still plentiful on the plains, and while smallpox had decimated the Cree of eastern Saskatchewan, it was still unknown to the Blackfoot Nation. In  a tipi somewhere in the Piegan nation, a Woman known as "Attacked Towards Home", the wife of Piegan warrior "Packs a Knife", gave birth to a healthy little boy they named "Shot Close." In these First Nations, a child may have several names throughout their life as major events prompted a new identity. Shot Close was simply the childhood name of Crowfoot. Names in Blackfoot culture were transient affairs. They changed with maturity, experience, and significant accomplishments. They were family possessions and had value. Great names could only be claimed by someone achieving something worthy of claiming the name. At this time, white men were of little concern to the Confederacy. They avoided the territory of the Blackfoot Confederacy, especially since David Thompson had narrowly escaped after trading with the Kootenay on the west side of the Divide. Additionally, a member of Lewis and Clark's expedition had killed a Blackfoot and so this also led them to exclude white men from their territory. At the same time, the Blackfoot did want the guns and horses that trade with the whites provided. And unlike most of the other native groups, the fact that the Blackfoot had plentiful bison meat to trade meant that the whites didn't try to coax them into trapping as had been done to many other nations. Crowfoot's father died when he was still an infant after joining a raid on the Crow Nation of Montana. Crowfoot was raised by his mother and his grandfather, "Scabby Bull." Crowfoot learned the history of his people and the skills needed to be a great warrior. After a long period of mourning, Crowfoot's mother Attacked Towards Home married a Blackfoot known as "Many Names". Crowfoot, his younger brother and grandfather all joined their mother and they left the Piegan to became a part of the Blackfoot Nation. With a new nation, Crowfoot was given a new Blackfoot name, "Bear Ghost." Soon after Crowfoot's family arrived in the Blackfoot camp, the nation was introduced to the ravages of diphtheria. Crowfoot was just 6 years old, and this terrible disease spread from child to child throughout the camp, taking many of the youngest, but somehow Crowfoot and his brother survived. Diptheria was followed by the Blackfoot's first experience with smallpox in 1837. The disease arrived on a steamer owned by the American Fur Company. First, it ravaged the Mandan, almost wiping them out, then it spread to the Assiniboine, and finally to the Blackfoot after a member of the nation was allowed to board the diseased steamer. Smallpox hit the Blackfoot camp in a way never witnessed by them before. Before long, white traders noticed a lack of Blackfoot at Fort McKenzie on the Upper Missouri River. Chief Trader, Alexander Cuthbertson went to look for them. Dempsey shared: "After travelling for a few days, he found a camp of about sixty lodges from the Piegan tribe. There was no sound and as he approached, a horrible stench permeated the air. When he came to the first tipi, he saw the grim results of the white man's disease. 'Hundreds of decaying forms of human beings, horses and dogs lay scattered everywhere among the lodges,' he recorded. 'Two old women, too feeble to travel, were the sole living occupants of the village.'" The Blackfoot had been a proud people who had fought for the right to hunt buffalo for generations. In the course of a single year, some two-thirds of the nation, or six-thousand people, perished from this deadly plague. That's like the population of Calgary dropping from 1.2 million people to just 400,000 people in a single year. For the Blackfoot, it was a population apocalypse from which they never fully recovered. Sure, those that survived and recovered continued on. Somehow the people close to Crowfoot survived, but they were one of few families left directly untouched by this pestilence. In time, as Crowfoot grew into a young man, he was drawn to be a part of a war party heading out to challenge one of their enemies. With this raid, he earned the right to claim a man's name, and he immediately the name of his father: "Packs a Knife". It took him little time to demonstrate his bravery in battle. To the nations of the Blackfoot Confederacy, brave acts were retold around the campfire. Counting coup was one of the greatest signs of bravery in many First Nations. It involved heading out into battle and instead of trying to kill your enemy, you simply try to touch them or their defences and then escape alive. In the case of Crowfoot, the Blackfoot attacked a camp of Crow Indians along the Yellowstone River in Montana. In the camp, they recognized a Piegan tipi by its markings and realized that it had been captured in battle. In Dempsey's account, the Blood Chief leading the raid said: "See that painted lodge? Whoever gets to it and strikes it will be the future leader of his people in hunting and in war." Crowfoot took this challenge to heart and when they attacked, he ran straight towards the camp, straight past numerous Crow warriors who fired at him. One of the balls hit his arm and, despite stumbling, he continued on. He managed to touch the tipi before anyone else, and in doing so, gained great prestige among the warriors. With this achievement, he chose a new name. "Crow Indian's Big Foot", which was later shortened to Crowfoot. This was indeed a great name. Only one man had previously used it. As Dempsey put it: "According to tribal tradition, only one person had previously held this honoured name. He was a relative of Many Names, perhaps an uncle or older brother, who had been a victim of treachery two years before the young Crowfoot was born. The first Crowfoot had been a brave man whose exploits had made him a chief. One day he and his companions in a war party found a camp which recently had been abandoned by the Crows. Prowling into the clearing, the Blackfeet saw a large footprint in the mud near the edge of a stream. Curiously, each of the other Indians placed his own foot within the imprint, but in each case his foot was too small. Then the chief tried. To the amazement and delight of his comrades, his foot fitted perfectly in the large imprint made by the unknown Crow Indian. Because of this incident, he took the name Crow Indian's Big Foot." In 1828 though, as the original Crowfoot travelled to a peace summit with the Shoshone, he was ambushed and killed. His bravery as a man, when coupled with the deceitful way in which he was killed, left a name that could only be claimed by a great man. During his lifetime, Crowfoot was a part of nineteen battles and was wounded 6 different times. He showed his bravery, but more importantly his leadership. To lead raids, you need to muster followers and he always had plenty of men willing to follow him into battle. In one battle, Crowfoot was shot in the back, and while he recovered, it was a wound that stayed with him throughout his life as the ball was never removed. Crowfoot gained a reputation as a formidable warrior. During the 1840's, it seemed that there were enemies in every direction. As Dempsey put it: "To the north were the Crees, to the east the Assiniboins [sic], to the south the Crows, and across the mountains the Kutenais [sic], the Shoshonis, Nez Perces, Flatheads, and the Pend d'Oreilles. Other battles were fought from time to time with the Sioux, Ojibwas, and mixed-blood buffalo hunters." The Blackfoot were wealthy and controlled some of the best Buffalo hunting grounds. They also had access to European trade goods and plenty of horses. The Cree and Assiniboine usually had few horses and the Crow, along with the nations on the far side of the mountains, usually had few guns. Access to both horses and guns made the Blackfoot the most powerful nation on the plains. As missionaries made their way onto the plain, Crowfoot didn't oppose them bringing their message to his people, although he never paid much attention to it. This tolerance for the whites helped to strengthen his reputation with them. He took every person, native or white, at their word. If you are true to your word then you had little to fear from Crowfoot. During the 1850s there were three principal chiefs of the Blackfoot, each with a large number of followers. Crowfoot was led by Three Suns. The others were Old Sun and Old Swan. Time took their toll on these great men and gradually they passed away. As each man's rule ended, they were succeeded by others. First, in 1858, Old Swan died and soon after, Old Sun also passed away. They were both replaced by much more warlike chiefs who saw white traders as enemies. The forts of the prairies began to see more and more attacks from the Blackfoot.  The Chief Factor of Fort Edmonton wrote in 1861: "…the Blackfoot have been un-bearable [sic] for the last 3-years or more, always getting worse and worse destroying our crops, stealing our horses, and doing everything they could to annoy us, in order to provide a quarrel so as to kill us. They now threaten openly to kill whites, half breeds, or Crees wherever they find them and to burn Edmonton Fort…". When Three Suns died, Crowfoot succeeded him. Unlike the two other high chiefs, he had built relationships with the traders and knew that his people needed the trade goods that the whites provided. To Crowfoot, as long as you are true to your word, you had nothing to fear. Crowfoot did not care what colour you were. If you were a benefit to his people, you were a friend. You didn't want to be his enemy. Crowfoot was fearless in battle but wise in his council, and these traits made him beloved by his people and respected by white traders. Crowfoot became so welcome at white trading posts, that he was treated as though he was the principal chief, regardless of his actual rank in the tribal hierarchy. Over time, Crowfoot amassed a large herd of horses, making him a man of means among his people. At the same time, he was a man who was "one of the people". He was generous with his wealth and was always willing to help those in need. This would be critical when smallpox once again visited his people in 1869. In an almost identical story to the outbreak that hit Crowfoot's camp when he was just seven years old, the disease arrived with an American steamer. The boat docked at the mouth of the Milk River and a Piegan crept aboard. As a Montana newspaper wrote: "to purloin a blanket from the couch of one of the smallpox patients, while the steamboat discharged its freight at the mouth of that turbid stream…the dreaded disease broke out among the copper-colored [sic] devils, and spreading like wildfire from tepee to tepee and from camp to camp, has made a great havoc in their strength and numbers - sending them to perdition in quicker time than bullets and bad bread could do the work. " Once again, smallpox ravaged the camps of the Blackfoot. The death toll was unimaginable. As bands split up in a futile attempt to outrun the trail of death that followed them, one after another they fell to the dread disease. Trading forts closed their doors to keep out the pestilence and neighbouring tribes were warned to stay far away lest they be routed as well. The death toll began to wane the following spring and the three tribes of the Confederacy began to tally their losses. Hugh Dempsey described the devastation: "The Piegans, who were the most severely affected, counted more than a thousand dead, the Bloods and Blackfeet over six hundred each, and the tiny tribe of fifty Sarcee lodges was reduced to only twelve." Somehow, Crowfoot once again escaped the disease. But he lost a quarter of his camp. The Blackfoot were never the same. Their undisputed rain on the plains had been dealt a mortal blow. In time, perhaps they could recover, but time was not a luxury they were afforded. The plains were changing, white settlers were moving in and their ability to stem the tide of incursions into their territory were never the same. In the following years, while some Blackfoot continued to wage war on their enemies, Crowfoot tried to remain a largely peaceful man. One of Crowfoot's sons died when out on a raiding party, but his wife Cutting Woman told him that she had met a young man that looked almost just like their lost son. While he was a few years older than their boy, as soon as Crowfoot met him, it was obvious that the similarities were remarkable. Crowfoot had suffered so much loss in his life that he invited the young man named Poundmaker to visit his camp. While Poundmaker was a Cree, he became Crowfoot's adopted son. As was the way on the plains, before long the Blackfoot and the Crees were at war again. Eventually Poundmaker had to return to his people but before he left, Crowfoot gave him horses and gifts, but more importantly, he shared the importance of wisdom. On the plains, so many wars were caused by tempers and emotion when wisdom could have brought peace instead. Crowfoot always seemed able to see beyond the emotion and look towards what was best for his people. In 1867, the nation of Canada was created. Up until this time, the plains had been under the purview of the Hudson's Bay Company whose forts had provided the only semblance of white rule to the west. By 1869, negotiations were in place to turn over these western lands, formerly known as Rupert's Land, to the fledgling nation of Canada. As the fur traders vacated the territory, it left a vacuum in terms of British control over the west. Well, nature abhors a vacuum, and whiskey traders in Montana began to cast envious glances northward. The state had prohibited the sale of alcohol and so, if there was nobody there to patrol Canada's prairies, then they would take advantage of the opportunity. Forts with names like Fort Whoop-Up began to open and sell whiskey to the members of the Blood tribe within who's territory it was built. Now when I say "whiskey", there was a bit of whiskey in those barrels, along with turpentine, strychnine, red ink, and red pepper. Within a short time, the fort had grossed $50,000 and more posts began to open in other areas. Infamous forts like Slide Out, Standoff, and Robber's Roost spread the liquor to Blackfoot country. Along with whiskey, they also offered repeating rifles for trade. As alcohol spread through the camps, fights between both friend and foe broke out. Even Crowfoot was not immune to the draw of whiskey. He visited forts at Blackfoot Crossing as well as Spitzee Post on the banks of the Highwood River. The missionaries that witnessed the illicit whiskey trade urged the fledgling government of Canada to do something…and so they did…they created the Northwest Mounted Police, the pre-cursor of the mighty Royal Canadian Mounted Police. The march west of the Mounties is a story I'll share in another episode, but suffice it to say that the word of these red-coated policeman riding westward travelled far in advance of the columns. When Reverand John McDougall met with Crowfoot to tell him of the impending arrival of the Mounties, he assured them that, although they would be building forts in Blackfoot territory, the Mounties were here to protect them from the whiskey. He also assured Crowfoot that white-man's justice would treat all people fairly, regardless of whether they were Indian or white. Crowfoot replied: "my brother, your words make me glad.  I listen to them not only with my ears, but with my heart also.  In the coming of the long knives, with their fire water and their quick-shooting guns, we are weak, and our people have been woefully slain and impoverished.  You say this will be stopped.  We're glad to have it stopped.  We want peace.  What you tell us about this strong power which will govern with good law and treat the Indians the same as the white man makes us glad to hear.  My brother, I believe you, and am thankful." Crowfoot had earned enough respect that the other chiefs supported his words. The first red-coats arrived in the fall of 1874. Colonel James Macleod was in charge and Crowfoot developed a strong relationship with him. Prior to meeting Macleod, Crowfoot sent his foster brother, Three Bulls to test the truth of Rev. MacDougall that the policemen were here to help them. Three Bulls told Macleod of the whiskey trading post at Pine Coulee, and then led the police to the fort. The traders were arrested and from the first time Crowfoot met Macleod, he saw in him an ally. It was at this time that Crowfoot the warrior had to transition to Crowfoot the politician and peacemaker. The presence of the police meant that the debauchery associated with the whiskey trade quickly waned and the powerful Blackfoot began to grow in numbers again. Instead of whiskey, valuable buffalo hides were traded for horses and within two years the Blackfoot had purchased more than 2,000. Yet all was not rosy on the horizon. Crowfoot saw that with the police, more white men were moving onto their lands and, at the same time, the buffalo were becoming more and more scarce. When Crowfoot spoke to Rev. MacDougall, he was told that First Nations in other parts of the country had treaties that set down the rights of the tribes and the lands that belonged to them. Crowfoot could not understand the implications of what a treaty might mean, but he did appreciate the fact that some form of accommodation would be made for them. He could also see how rapidly things were changing and that the lives of the Blackfoot would never be as they once were. Next week, I'll look at how the expansion of white men and police, along with the loss of the buffalo, forever changed the Blackfoot Nation. Next up…tracking track bears Trains and Bruins For decades, train tracks have been graveyards for black and grizzly bears, as well as many hoofed animals unlucky enough to be struck while wandering the tracks. The area surrounding train tracks offers a number of benefits for both bruin and herbivore alike. Train tracks mean openings in the forest canopy. Openings in the canopy mean opportunities for plants to grow. New growth attracts animals looking for forage. In the winter, train tracks offer easier travel corridors than walking through deep snow. For bears, the area around tracks can be very attractive. In July, the open area allows buffaloberry bushes to thrive. These bushes are one of the key summer foods for black and grizzly bears. In the spring, dandelion blooms offer a similar enticement. Trains all too regularly cost animals travelling them their lives. Their carcasses serve to attract other bears, coyotes, and other carnivores looking for an easy meal - unless they too don't recognize the danger that the tracks represent. Canada's railroads have a single track running coast to coast with periodic sidings to allow opposing trains to pass. The longer a train sits on a siding, the more opportunity there is for grain to leak out of hopper cars. For bears, after meat, seeds and nuts represent the next most nutritious food source. This makes grain spills an irresistible attraction for bears and serves to attract bears back to the tracks after experiencing these easy calories. Back in Episode 19, I mentioned a study that has shown that as much as 110 tonnes of grain is spilled along the tracks within Banff and Yoho National Parks annually. That's enough to supply the annual caloric needs of 50 grizzly bears. With numbers like this, it's easy to see that bears would find the tracks to be an enticing place to explore. In Episode 46, I described a study that showed that while not all of our bears regularly use the tracks, those that do, like the Boss, use them a lot. Researchers satellite collared 21 grizzlies and they found that only 4 were regular users of the tracks, but they popped by the rail line on 20% of the days they were being monitored. They also found that bears used the tracks much more in the fall. During autumn, 85% of scat samples near tracks contained grain as compared to only 14% in the summer and 17% in the spring. This likely reflects the seasonal availability of other food options at other times of the years. Now, just because scat samples don't include grain, the bears that left these samples were still hanging out near to the tracks. They may have been looking for elk and moose carcasses or feeding on dandelions and buffaloberries that are also plentiful near the railroad right-of-way. In fact, this same study found that scat found near tracks had a much higher likelihood of containing the hair of elk, deer, or moose. Banff's most famous bear, Bear 122, also known as "The Boss", is the current king of the tracks. His reign was almost cut short in 2010 when he was clipped by a passing freight train and somehow survived. The Boss is one of the heaviest users of the major transportation corridors in the park, spending much of his time around the train tracks and the Trans-Canada Highway - often munching on dandelions along the highway fences in the spring. He also spends time wandering near Highway 93S, through Kootenay National Park. This is another high-risk place to hang out, especially with cars exceeding the speed limits in some cases by as much as 30 or 40 km/h, all in a race to get to cottage country in the Columbia Valley. More than 1,200 large animals have been the victim of train impacts in Banff and Yoho since 1982, and since 1998 they have represented the number one cause of death for grizzlies in both parks. In just one 80 day stretch over the winter of 2015-16, 26 animals were killed along the tracks through Banff. This included 14 white-tail deer, six elk, two moose and four mule deer. During the last week of May of this year, two black bears died in separate incidents within Banff National Park. Parks is also looking into particularly dangerous spots for bears along the tracks. Morant's Curve, near Lake Louise, along with Five Mile Bridge west of Banff are two of the worst. Five Mile Hill represents a straight stretch after a series of curves have slowed the trains down. Here they begin to accelerate and this has resulted in at least 7 deaths. Three more grizzlies have died on Morant's Curve. Parks is building additional travel corridors away from the tracks to encourage bears near these danger zones to take advantage of other convenient trails. The trails at Five Mile are finished and work is currently underway at Morant's Curve. Fire is another tool that Parks staff will take advantage of this year, with an 800 ha burn planned for the Baker Creek area this fall. Numerous studies have shown that forest fire sites provide excellent forage for bears and the open canopy makes for a perfect home for buffaloberry bushes. Canadian Pacific Railway has been working very closely with Parks Canada in terms of redesigning the areas adjacent to tracks in order to give animals more options to escape when they see an oncoming train. Hopefully, with this ongoing collaborative effort, we will see the numbers of fatal strikes of bears and other animals begin to diminish over the next decade. And with that, it's time to wrap this episode up. Next week, I'll carry on with the story of Crowfoot and his people as the Blackfoot Nation signs Treaty Seven is settled onto reserves and struggles with the disappearing buffalo. As always, be sure to check out the show notes at www.MountainNature.com/ep062 for links to additional stories, as well as for a convenient way to subscribe to the show so that you never miss an episode. If you'd like to reach out to me directly, you can hit me up on Twitter @wardcameron, or drop me a line at info@wardcameron.com. Don't forget that Ward Cameron Enterprises is your source for step-on, hiking, photography, and nature guides in the mountain west. Why not give us a call for your next mountain experience. We'd love to hear from you…and with that said, the sun's out and it's time to go hiking! I'll talk to you next week.

Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, bioquímica britânica que desenvolveu a cristalografia dos raios, método utilizado para determinar estruturas tridimensionais de biomoléculas. Entre suas mais importantes descobertas está a estrutura da penicilina e a estrutura da vitamina B12, pela qual ela se tornou a terceira mulher a ganhar o Nobel em Química. E não é só isso, estudou por 35 anos […] O conteúdo Ponto G 61 – Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin aparece primeiro em Preciosa Madalena.

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada released its report in 2015 saying that that Canada and the Churches that managed the majority of Indian Residential Schools treated Indigenous people as if they were sub-human. If this is true, then why did many church leaders give about a third of the schools Indigenous names? Schools were named after Indigenous Chiefs, such as Crowfoot and Old Sun; Tribes and Bands, such as Assiniboia and Mohawk; and Places, such as Ahousat and Wabasca. In this recording Rod Clifton, Senior Editor at the Frontier Centre, examines the names given to Indian Residential schools.

This week's Failure to Launch covers Crowfoot, the story of Detective Nick, er, Crowfoot, a half-Native American cop working in Hawaii who has psychic powers and may also be able to shapeshift, although he's not sure about either of these things. You'd think this'd be enough to base a show on, but Crowfoot is also about: His partner Det. Lisa, an older Japanese-Hawaiian cop who's psychic for psychics (maybe) Rachael, a lady Nick found washed up on the beach with amnesia who keeps disappearing and reappearing Det. Nuzo, a grizzled cop who hates his ex-wife and seems mad he's not the main character like he normally would be in a show like this An arsehole divorce lawyer who's going through a divorce (get it?) Monk, the world's most suspicious man, who built a car that runs on garbage, and no-one acknowledges that this is a miracle That is an incomplete list. It's been a while since we watched something this bonkers. Settle in. Reviewers: James Ferris, Lucy Shaw, Lisa Dib, Harry Brimage Soundboard: Andrew Cherry

Viking Economics: George Lakey On How Nordic Nations Used Nonviolent Action to Oust the 1%   This week on Love (and Revolution) Radio, George Lakey, nonviolent movement strategist, organizer, teacher, and author, joins us to speak about his new book, Viking Economics, about how Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Iceland used nonviolent action to gain long-lasting economic justice . . . and how we can follow in their footsteps here in the United States. Sign up for our weekly email: http://www.riverasun.com/love-and-revolution-radio/ About Our Guest: George Lakey is a long time activist, strategist and trainer for nonviolent movements, the cofounder of Training for Change and Earth Quaker Action Team, and the author of nine books that were "written as homework for the movement to support activism and a better world for all of us". His newest book, Viking Economics, explores how the Nordic Nations used nonviolent action to gain long-lasting economic justice. Related Links: Viking Economics: How the Scandinavians Got it Right and How We Can Too! http://vikingeconomics.org/ How Swedes and Norwegians Broke the Power of the 1% by George Lakey http://wagingnonviolence.org/feature/how-swedes-and-norwegians-broke-the-power-of-the-1-percent/ Princeton Study on Oligarchy and American Non-Democracy https://scholar.princeton.edu/sites/default/files/mgilens/files/gilens_and_page_2014_-testing_theories_of_american_politics.doc.pdf Rivera Sun's Op-Ed on the Princeton Study "Rich People Rule: Struggle Lies Ahead" http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/23473-rich-people-rule-struggle-lies-ahead Earth Quaker Action Team http://www.eqat.org/ Training for Change http://www.trainingforchange.org/ Norway To Go Carbon-Neutral by 2030 https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/jun/15/norway-pledges-to-become-climate-neutral-by-2030 Where to Invade Next by Michael Moore http://wheretoinvadenext.com/ Deep Ecology https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_ecology Music by: "Love and Revolution" by Diane Patterson and Spirit Radio www.dianepatterson.org This week's featured music is "Jog" by the band, Crowfoot, on their album, "As the Crow Flies". Find their music at www.crowfootmusic.com About Your Co-hosts: Sherri Mitchell (Penobscot) is an Indigenous rights attorney, writer and activist who melds traditional life-way teachings into spirit-based movements. Follow her at Sherri Mitchell – Wena’gamu’gwasit:https://www.facebook.com/sacredinstructions/timeline Rivera Sun is a novelist and nonviolent mischief-maker. She is the author of The Dandelion Insurrection, Billionaire Buddha, and Steam Drills, Treadmills, and Shooting Stars. She is also the social media coordinator and nonviolence trainer for Campaign Nonviolence and Pace e Bene. Her essays on social justice movements are syndicated on by PeaceVoice, and appear in Truthout and Popular Resistance.

This week on Love (and Revolution) Radio, George Lakey, nonviolent movement strategist, organizer, teacher, and author, joins us to speak about his new book, Viking Economics, about how Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Iceland used nonviolent action to gain long-lasting economic justice . . . and how we can follow in their footsteps here in the United States. Sign up for our weekly email: http://www.riverasun.com/love-and-revolution-radio/ About Our Guest: George Lakey is a long time activist, strategist and trainer for nonviolent movements, the cofounder of Training for Change and Earth Quaker Action Team, and the author of nine books that were "written as homework for the movement to support activism and a better world for all of us". His newest book, Viking Economics, explores how the Nordic Nations used nonviolent action to gain long-lasting economic justice. Related Links: Viking Economics: How the Scandinavians Got it Right and How We Can Too! http://vikingeconomics.org/ How Swedes and Norwegians Broke the Power of the 1% by George Lakey http://wagingnonviolence.org/feature/how-swedes-and-norwegians-broke-the-power-of-the-1-percent/ Princeton Study on Oligarchy and American Non-Democracy https://scholar.princeton.edu/sites/default/files/mgilens/files/gilens_and_page_2014_-testing_theories_of_american_politics.doc.pdf Rivera Sun's Op-Ed on the Princeton Study "Rich People Rule: Struggle Lies Ahead" http://www.truth-out.org/opinion/item/23473-rich-people-rule-struggle-lies-ahead Earth Quaker Action Team http://www.eqat.org/ Training for Change http://www.trainingforchange.org/ Norway To Go Carbon-Neutral by 2030 https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/jun/15/norway-pledges-to-become-climate-neutral-by-2030 Where to Invade Next by Michael Moore http://wheretoinvadenext.com/ Deep Ecology https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_ecology Music by: "Love and Revolution" by Diane Patterson and Spirit Radio www.dianepatterson.org This week's featured music is "Jog" by the band, Crowfoot, on their album, "As the Crow Flies". Find their music at www.crowfootmusic.com About Your Co-hosts: Sherri Mitchell (Penobscot) is an Indigenous rights attorney, writer and activist who melds traditional life-way teachings into spirit-based movements. Follow her at Sherri Mitchell – Wena’gamu’gwasit: https://www.facebook.com/sacredinstructions/timeline Rivera Sun is a novelist and nonviolent mischief-maker. She is the author of The Dandelion Insurrection, Billionaire Buddha, and Steam Drills, Treadmills, and Shooting Stars. She is also the social media coordinator and nonviolence trainer for Campaign Nonviolence and Pace e Bene. Her essays on social justice movements are syndicated on by PeaceVoice, and appear in Truthout and Popular Resistance.

Back in the early part of the Nineteenth Century, Crowfoot, the chief of the Siksika Nation, gave the railroad an easement through Indian land in southern Alberta, Canada. The railroad in turn gave Crowfoot a lifetime pass to travel anywhere the Canadian Pacific Railroad went. But Crowfoot never once used the pass. Instead, he put it in a leather pouch and wore it around his neck till he died. When we were born again, we were given access to all […]

This week of Love (and Revolution) Radio, Rhonda Fabian, the digital editor of Kosmos Journal and coauthor of the Connecting for Change study, joins us to discuss the movement of movements, self-organizing, emergence, and the personal practices that guide us through these times of great change. Sign up for our weekly email: http://www.riverasun.com/love-and-revolution-radio/ About Our Guest: Rhonda Fabian is the Digital Editor of Kosmos Journal, and the coauthor of the Connecting for Change study. She is the founder partner and CEO of Fabian Baber Communication, a digital learning company. She is a mindfulness advocate in the tradition of Thich Nhat Hanh, deeply involved in the Transition Movement, and lives in Media, PA. Related Links: Five Insights about Global Transformation from the Connecting For Change Study http://www.kosmosjournal.org/news/five-insights-about-global-transformation-from-the-kosmos-study-connecting-for-change/ Kosmos Journal http://www.kosmosjournal.org/ Murmurations of Starlings in Flight https://youtu.be/ctMty7av0jc Emergent Improvisational by Susan Sgorbati http://emergentimprovisation.org/Essay-on-Emergent-Improvisation.html New Story Hub http://newstoryhub.com/ Findhorn Community in Scotland https://www.findhorn.org/aboutus/community/ Awakening the Movement of Movements by Rivera Sun http://www.truth-out.org/speakout/item/35079-awakening-the-movement-of-movements Music By: "Love and Revolution" by Diane Patterson and Spirit Radiowww.dianepatterson.org "Lakelight" by Crowfoot on the album "As The Crow Flies"www.crowfootmusic.com About Your Co-hosts: Sherri Mitchell (Penobscot) is an Indigenous rights attorney, writer and activist who melds traditional life-way teachings into spirit-based movements. Follow her at Sherri Mitchell – Wena’gamu’gwasit:https://www.facebook.com/sacredinstructions/timeline Rivera Sun is a novelist and nonviolent mischief-maker. She is the author of The Dandelion Insurrection, Billionaire Buddha, and Steam Drills, Treadmills, and Shooting Stars. She is also the social media coordinator and nonviolence trainer for Campaign Nonviolence and Pace e Bene. Her essays on social justice movements are syndicated on by PeaceVoice, and appear in Truthout and Popular Resistance.http://www.riverasun.com/

This week of Love (and Revolution) Radio, Rhonda Fabian, the digital editor of Kosmos Journal and coauthor of the Connecting for Change study, joins us to discuss the movement of movements, self-organizing, emergence, and the personal practices that guide us through these times of great change. Sign up for our weekly email: http://www.riverasun.com/love-and-revolution-radio/ About Our Guest: Rhonda Fabian is the Digital Editor of Kosmos Journal, and the coauthor of the Connecting for Change study. She is the founder partner and CEO of Fabian Baber Communication, a digital learning company. She is a mindfulness advocate in the tradition of Thich Nhat Hanh, deeply involved in the Transition Movement, and lives in Media, PA. Related Links: Five Insights about Global Transformation from the Connecting For Change Study http://www.kosmosjournal.org/news/five-insights-about-global-transformation-from-the-kosmos-study-connecting-for-change/ Kosmos Journal http://www.kosmosjournal.org/ Murmurations of Starlings in Flight https://youtu.be/ctMty7av0jc Emergent Improvisational by Susan Sgorbati http://emergentimprovisation.org/Essay-on-Emergent-Improvisation.html New Story Hub http://newstoryhub.com/ Findhorn Community in Scotland https://www.findhorn.org/aboutus/community/ Awakening the Movement of Movements by Rivera Sun http://www.truth-out.org/speakout/item/35079-awakening-the-movement-of-movements Music By: "Love and Revolution" by Diane Patterson and Spirit Radio www.dianepatterson.org "Lakelight" by Crowfoot on the album "As The Crow Flies" www.crowfootmusic.com About Your Co-hosts: Sherri Mitchell (Penobscot) is an Indigenous rights attorney, writer and activist who melds traditional life-way teachings into spirit-based movements. Follow her at Sherri Mitchell – Wena’gamu’gwasit: https://www.facebook.com/sacredinstructions/timeline Rivera Sun is a novelist and nonviolent mischief-maker. She is the author of The Dandelion Insurrection, Billionaire Buddha, and Steam Drills, Treadmills, and Shooting Stars. She is also the social media coordinator and nonviolence trainer for Campaign Nonviolence and Pace e Bene. Her essays on social justice movements are syndicated on by PeaceVoice, and appear in Truthout and Popular Resistance. http://www.riverasun.com/

This week on Love and Revolution Radio, we speak with Heart Phoenix and Jeffrey Weisberg of the River Phoenix Center for Peacebuilding in Gainesville, Florida about how to use peacebuilding, restorative justice and conflict resolution to help heal and strengthen our local communities. "Peacebuilding is an amazing way to build the resilience of young people." - Heart Phoenix "The antidote to despair is empowerment." - Jeffrey Weisberg Sign up for our weekly email: http://www.riverasun.com/love-and-revolution-radio/ About Our Guests: Heart Phoenix is the president of the River Phoenix Center for Peacebuilding, an educator, activist and champion of environmental and animal rights, social justice, peacebuilding and gender equality. She is the cofounder of the Peace Alliance and the chair of the Peace Alliance Educational Institute. Jeffrey Weisberg is the Executive Director of the River Phoenix Center for Peacebuilding, and serves as a Florida certified state mediator. He is a founding member of the Peace Alliance. Related Links: The River Phoenix Center for Peacebuilding http://centerforpeacebuilding.org/ Inaugural Community Peacebuilder Residential Immersion Training http://campaign.r20.constantcontact.com/render?m=1108996851245&ca=caf22140-c139-4a25-9bb9-a31076f1306b Paul K. Chappell on Love (and Revolution) Radio: http://occupyradio.podomatic.com/entry/2016-01-19T21_00_00-08_00 The Cosmic Ocean by Paul K. Chappell http://paulkchappell.com/the-cosmic-ocean/ Music by: "Love and Revolution" by Diane Patterson and Spirit Radio www.dianepatterson.org "Chosely" by Crowfoot on the Nadajai CD http://www.crowfootmusic.com/ About Your Co-hosts: Sherri Mitchell (Penobscot) is an Indigenous rights attorney, writer and activist who melds traditional life-way teachings into spirit-based movements. Follow her at Sherri Mitchell – Wena’gamu’gwasit: https://www.facebook.com/sacredinstructions/timeline Rivera Sun is a novelist and nonviolent mischief-maker. She is the author of The Dandelion Insurrection, Billionaire Buddha, and Steam Drills, Treadmills, and Shooting Stars. She is also the social media coordinator and nonviolence trainer for Campaign Nonviolence and Pace e Bene. Her essays on social justice movements are syndicated on by PeaceVoice, and appear in Truthout and Popular Resistance. http://www.riverasun.com/

This week on Love (and Revolution) Radio, we talk with Paul K. Chappell about the intersections of heart, spirit, strategy and action, exploring his unique vantage point on conflict studies that comes from spending years in both the US military and in the peace movement. Sign up for our weekly email: http://www.riverasun.com/love-and-revolution-radio/ About Our Guest: Paul K. Chappell (http://paulkchappell.com/) is one of the most powerful voices for peace of our day. He was born to a Korean mother and an American father who was half black and half white. His father served in the military for thirty years, and completed combat missions in Korea and Vietnam. Following in his father´s military footsteps, Chappell graduated from West Point in 2002 and served as a captain in Iraq. While on active duty, Chappell wrote two books, Will War Ever End?: A Soldier’s Vision of Peace for the 21st Century and The End of War: How Waging Peace Can Save Humanity, Our Planet, and Our Future. He is now the author of five books, including Peaceful Revolution: How We Can Create the Future Needed for Humanity’s Survival; The Art of Waging Peace, and; The Cosmic Ocean. After leaving active duty in November 2009, Paul began serving as the Peace Leadership Director for the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation in Santa Barbara, CA. He now speaks and teaches peace leadership skills all over the world. His books offer compelling insights on how we might end war, reconnect with our basic humanity, and live more compassionate lives. Based on his personal experience, military training, and research into human nature and the myths that perpetuate war, Chappell avoids blaming any particular political group; his ideas have found traction with liberals, conservatives, veterans, and civilians. On this week's show, Paul shares with Love (and revolution) Radio his views on bringing about a peaceful revolution of the heart. Know Your Nonviolent History: The 6 Principles of Nonviolence from Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. You can learn more about these principles on the King Center website www.the kingcenter.org http://www.thekingcenter.org/king-philosophy#sub2 Books and Resources Mentioned: The Cosmic Ocean - the Road to Peace Series http://paulkchappell.com/the-cosmic-ocean/ The Interest Convergence Theory by Derrick Bell, Civil Rights Scholar http://professorderrickbell.com/scholarship/ Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maslow%27s_hierarchy_of_needs Music By: "Love and Revolution" by Diane Patterson and Spirit Radio www.dianepatterson.org "Chanterelle" by the band Crowfoot on their album "As the Crow Flies". You can find it at www.crowfoot.org and if you like that, you might also enjoy Jaige Trudel and Adam Broome's new band, Maivish at www.maivish.com About Your Co-hosts: Sherri Mitchell (Penobscot) is an Indigenous rights attorney, writer and activist who melds traditional life-way teachings into spirit-based movements. Follow her at Sherri Mitchell – Wena’gamu’gwasit: https://www.facebook.com/sacredinstructions/timeline Rivera Sun is a novelist and nonviolent mischief-maker. She is the author of The Dandelion Insurrection, Billionaire Buddha, and Steam Drills, Treadmills, and Shooting Stars. She is also the social media coordinator and nonviolence trainer for Campaign Nonviolence and Pace e Bene. Her essays on social justice movements are syndicated on by PeaceVoice, and appear in Truthout and Popular Resistance. http://www.riverasun.com/

As the world’s eighth largest economy, California is emerging as the potential game-changer for global climate leadership. Using strategic alliances and smart policies that integrate ecology, economy and justice, these climate leaders show how: Tom Hayden, lifelong activist and former California State Senator; Vien Truong, Environmental Equity Director, Greenlining Institute; Wade Crowfoot, Senior Advisor to Gov. Jerry Brown.

Donald P. Bellisario A prolific writer, producer and director, Donald P. Bellisario has been crafting words and stories for a variety of readers and audiences for more than 30 years, and did so long before he gained notoriety as a creator/producer of groundbreaking television series such as “Magnum, P.I.”, “Quantum Leap” and “NCIS”.  In 1961, armed with a degree in journalism from Penn State University, he began his writing career at the Centre Daily Times for four years before becoming a copywriter for a small advertising agency in Lancaster, Penn.  He later moved to Dallas to take a prestigious copywriting position at the famous Bloom Agency. After eight years at Bloom, Bellisario had risen to the level of senior vice president, head of film production, creative director, and member of the board of directors.  Yet, at the age of 42, he was still eager to gamble on a new career.  Moving to Hollywood, he became a story editor on the 1976-78 series “Baa Baa Black Sheep,” with Robert Conrad.  After just five episodes, he was promoted to producer, a position he held for one year.  He then became supervising producer of “Battlestar Galactica” and, subsequently, began to develop his own series.  Bellisario is best known for his creations “Magnum, P.I.,” “Quantum Leap,” “JAG,” and “NCIS.”  Running from 1980-88, “Magnum, P.I.” starred Tom Selleck.  Among other honors, Bellisario's work on the series won him an Edgar Allen Poe writing award.  “Quantum Leap,” the 1989-1993 science fiction drama starring Scott Bakula, garnered four Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Drama Series.  Running for ten seasons, from 1995-2005, “JAG” starred David James Elliott.  Running from 2003 to the present, “NCIS” is currently in its eleventh season.  Bellisario's other “created by” credits include “Tales of the Gold Monkey” with Stephen Collins; “Airwolf” with Jan-Michael Vincent; “Tequila and Bonetti” with Jack Scalia; and “First Monday” with James Garner and Joe Mantegna.  He served as executive producer for all eight series, and also in that same capacity on Paramount's 1995 detective telefilm “Crowfoot.”  For the big screen, Bellisario wrote, produced and directed the 1987 feature film “Last Rites,” starring Tom Berenger.  Bellisario also received the 2001 Producer of the Year award from the Caucus for Producers, Writers and Directors.  In addition to industry awards, Bellisario has been the recipient of numerous other awards including the Distinguished Alumni Award from Penn State University; Marine Corps Scholarship Fund Globe and Anchor Award 2002; Red Cross Spirit Award; an Honorary Doctorate of Arts from Washington-Jefferson University; and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.  Born in Cokeburg, Pennsylvania, Bellisario served four years in the U.S. Marine Corps.  Bellisario and his wife Vivienne live in Montecito, CA and Sydney, Australia.

Everyday Einstein discusses the accomplishments of English chemist Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin. Her research in X-ray lasers led to revolutionary treatments for bacterial infections, Alzheimer's, and diabetes. Read the transcript: http://bit.ly/1aYgy5t

Tema: Premio Nobel per la Chimica 1964 a Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Motivazione: per la sua determinazione, attraverso l'utilizzo dei raggi X, delle strutture di importanti sostanze biochimiche Intervista: Paola Arimondo, CNRS di Parigi Durata: 3'54'' In onda: Sabato 8 Novembre 2008