Podcasts about Pasteur Institute

Key Takeaways: Dr. Louis Teulières, a multi-national doctor with an MD and PhD, has been actively involved with ILADS since 2016 due to his research on bacteriophages at the University of Leicester. Frustrated with the limitations of antibiotic treatments for Borrelia, the bacteria that causes Lyme disease, Dr. Teulières explored bacteriophages as a novel diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Due to regulatory challenges in administering phage therapy, Dr. Teulières and his team developed a phage-based test that can directly detect the presence of Borrelia bacteria. This test, marketed by Red Labs in Europe for the past four years, has been used on thousands of patients and can differentiate between early, late-stage, and post-treatment Lyme disease. Dr. Teulières is now working to expand the test's reach in the U.S., seeking partnerships with American clinicians and researchers to validate the test and pursue FDA clearance. The discussion underscores the need for innovative diagnostic tools to improve Lyme disease detection and accelerate healing journeys for patients. About Dr. Louis Teulières: Medical degree from University of Nice, France. Specializations in immunology, hematology, immunopathology, bacteriology, and epidemiology at the Pasteur Institute in Paris and CDC in Atlanta. Former researcher at the Pasteur Institute, contributing to studies on immune and infectious diseases such as HIV. Active member of the immunology team that received the Nobel Prize in 2008 for discovering the HIV virus in 1983. Founder of CMIL clinics in Lisbon and Paris, specializing in immune and infectious diseases, Lyme disease, and neurodegenerative conditions. Co-founder of PHELIX, a charity dedicated to phage-based research and diagnostics in Lyme disease. Collaborates with University of Leicester, St Thomas Hospital in London, and other world-class healthcare professionals. Resources & Links: Follow the latest ILADS updates: ILADS.org Learn more about Dr. Louis Teulières and his research: Red Labs Stay connected with Tick Boot Camp: Website | Instagram | Facebook | YouTube | TikTok | Twitter (X)

In this episode of Careers in Discovery, we're joined by Søren Bregenholt, CEO of Alligator Bioscience, a company developing tumour-directed immunotherapies to treat aggressive cancers such as pancreatic cancer. Søren shares his journey from academic immunologist to biotech CEO, including pivotal moments in his career - from his experiences at the Pasteur Institute, to building his Biotech education at Symphogen, to navigating the corporate world at Novo Nordisk. He reflects on lessons learned from leadership, fundraising, and decision-making at the top, and the importance of humility, structure, and courage in the face of uncertainty. We also explore what it really means to be a CEO, why "solving problems is your job," and how to strike the balance between hierarchy and creativity in growing Biotech companies. A compelling conversation about resilience, reinvention, and leading with clarity in an ever-evolving industry.

Kenneth R. Pelletier, MD, PhD is a Clinical Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine; Department of Family and Community Medicine, and Department of Psychiatry at the University of California School of Medicine (UCSF) in San Francisco. He is Director of the Corporate Health Improvement Program (CHIP) which is a collaborative research program between CHIP and 15 of the Fortune 500 corporations including Ford, Oracle, Prudential, Apple, Dow, Lockheed Martin, Pepsico, IBM, American Airlines and NASA. Dr. Pelletier served as Clinical Professor of Medicine at the University of Arizona School of Medicine and Stanford University School of Medicine. He was a Woodrow Wilson Fellow, studied at the CG Jung Institute in Zurich, Switzerland and has published over 300 professional journal articles in behavioral medicine, disease management, worksite interventions, alternative/integrative medicine, and epigenetics. At the present time, Dr. Pelletier is a medical and business consultant to the US Department of Health and Human Services, the World Health Organization (WHO), the National Business Group on Health, the Federation of State Medical Boards, and major corporations including Cisco, IBM, American Airlines, Prudential, Dow, Disney, Ford, Mercer, Merck, Pepsico, Ford, Pfizer, Walgreens, NASA, Microsoft ENCARTA, Blue Cross/Blue Shield, United Healthcare, Health Net, the Pasteur Institute of Lille, the Alpha Group of Mexico, and the Singapore Ministry of Health. Dr. Pelletier is the author of fifteen (15) major books, including the international bestseller Mind as Healer, Mind as Slayer and Change Your Genes – Change Your Life: Creating Optimal Health with the New Science of Epigenetics. Today we enjoy the amazing viewpoint that Dr. Pelletier has for humanity. We have control over our destinies individually and collectively. This conversation is the culmination of years of incredible study. Enjoy, Dr. M  

Say YES to the Summer Solstice White Party at the Phineas Wright House on June 21st. Say YES to France! Follow the links below to get all of the details.Paris & Versailles for Couples, Sept. 14-19 (registration closes Aug. 1st)Charente Maritime  for Everyone, Sept. 20-26 (registration closes Aug. 1st)Join Wendy and her guest, Véronique Bawol, in this delightful episode as they delve into the heart of French cuisine and hospitality. Through her Paris-based business, Cuisine Elegante, Veronique offers guests a unique culinary journey starting with sourcing fresh, local ingredients and culminating in a private cooking class and shared meal in her charming Parisian apartment. Discover how Veronique's personal journey and passion for cooking blossomed into a successful business, driven by her willingness to embrace new opportunities. From intimate cooking classes to catering for Americans in Paris, Veronique's dedication to creating unforgettable experiences shines through. Plus, get an insider's look at Wendy's Paris & Versailles Trip for Couples, where travelers can immerse themselves in their own Cuisine Elegante experience!About Veronique:Véronique Bawol, founder of Cuisine Elegante was introduced to classic French cooking at an early age in her family's kitchen. She was especially inspired by her grandmother who worked as the personal cook for Jacques Tréfouël, head of the Pasteur Institute. She started taking classes at Le Cordon Bleu in London, where she lived for four years. Given her background, she is well-versed in classic French dishes and loves creating modern variations. Véronique is married to an American and fluent in English and has two daughters. Her family life and international community provide her with a deep understanding of the culinary experiences sought after by visitors to Paris. She started her business in 2010 by catering events for the American Church, American Friends of Musée d'Orsay, members of the American Embassy and teaches classes to the American Women's Group in Paris, who honored her as “Woman of the Year” twice for her efforts. Cuisine Elegante, located in the heart of Paris, offers a unique cooking experience with Chef Véronique Bawol. Enjoy a range of bespoke services including private cooking classes followed by lunch, personal food and market tours, catering for small receptions and creating memorable meals for dinner parties.Connect with Veronique:On Instagram @cuisine.eleganteCuisineEleganteFR.comNeed support with your podcast?  Our producer Shannon is available!  ________________________________________________________________________________________ Say YES to joining Wendy for her: PWH Summer Solstice White Party on June 21stPWH Farm StaysPWH Curated France TripsInstagram: @phineaswrighthouseFacebook: Phineas Wright HouseWebsite: Phineas Wright HouseThank you for listening to the Say YES to yourself! podcast. It would mean the world if you would take one minute to follow, leave a 5-star review, and share with a friend.

In this episode, Dr. Jean-Pierre Roussarie, Assistant Professor at Boston University School of Medicine and a 2023 Toffler Scholar, joins host Deborah Westphal to discuss his innovative research on Alzheimer's disease. Dr. Roussarie shares his journey from engineering to neurovirology and finally to his current focus on the molecular events that lead to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's.Highlights:Academic Journey: From engineering to neurovirology at the Pasteur Institute, Dr. Roussarie explains his transition into Alzheimer's research, driven by a desire to tackle a major human health issue from a new perspective.Lab Focus: Insight into Dr. Roussarie's lab operations, focusing on the entorhinal cortex's layer two neurons, the first affected by Alzheimer's. This specific focus aids in understanding the disease's progression and potential interventions.Innovative Approaches: Dr. Roussarie discusses the development of in vitro models of these specific neurons, which could revolutionize understanding of neurodegeneration and memory formation.Therapeutic Potential: Exploration of the possibilities for therapeutic interventions based on early detection and prevention of neuron degradation, highlighting the importance of targeted research in finding effective treatments.Challenges and Collaborations: The discussion covers the difficulties of aligning academic research with industry capabilities, emphasizing the need for robust models and partnerships to accelerate therapeutic development.Future of Alzheimer's Research: Dr. Roussarie shares his vision for the future, including the development of new diagnostic tools and treatments that address Alzheimer's at its onset.Dr. Jean-Pierre Roussarie's episode provides a deep dive into the complexities of Alzheimer's research and the innovative approaches being taken to understand and eventually mitigate this devastating disease.For more episodes and information, visit the Karen Toffler Charitable Trust at tofflertrust.org.To learn more about the breakthroughs discussed in this episode and to support ongoing research, visit our website at tofflertrust.org. Technical Podcast Support by Jon Keur at Wayfare Recording Co.

Josh's Guests:  Dr. Charles Fay, PhD - author, Raising Mentally Strong Kids Child Psychologist Charles Fay & Dr. Daniel Amen, M.D. Neuropsychiatrist discuss current thinking to help our children be healthy David Tomen - author, Head First 2nd Edition Nutrition and brain health Sylvie Beljanski, J.D - author, Winning The War On Cancer The daughter of Mirko Beljanski, PhD, researcher, the Pasteur Institute, Paris, discusses the plant extracts used by French President Francois Mitterand to heal his advanced prostate cancer and complete his second 7 year term of office find us at: www.HeresToYourHealthWithJoshuaLane.com  

Dan, Greg and Shari. Greg La Follette is back on California Wine Country with Steve Jaxon and Dan Berger. He is now the winemaker at Marchelle Wines. Greg has been on CWC several times before, the most recent is this episode from May 25, 2022 when he came in with his label at the time, GLF Wines. Greg's special guest is Shari Gherman, co-founder & President of the American Fine Wine Competition. Participation in their competition is by invitation, and they invited several of Greg's wines. They have a vetting committee that only admits the best wines. His wines were “off the charts” and won lots of gold medals, scored over 90 points and collected some best of class awards. This particular Chard is a 2021 and won a double gold and 95 points. Tritone means it comes from three counties (not the musical term) including Santa Barbara, Mendocino and Sonoma counties. Dan likes it because it has great flavor and also great acidity, to accompany food. That's different than the Colmbard, which is more for drinking. Click the logo to visit our sponsor Bottle Barn online for the coolest bargains on wine, beer and spirits. The Vine Whisperer Greg La Follette is the “vine whisperer” and the “cellar magician” as Steve says. He has worked 68 vintages on 5 continents, is a former seminarian and biochemist. Because of the research technique called HPLC that he was trained in, he found a job looking at antibiotics but when the Aids effort began his skills were needed there, for the next four years. He also worked with André Tchelistcheff, who resurrected California wine after Prohibition. Georges de la Tour had started Beaulieu and went to the Pasteur Institute in Paris and asked the director who the best student was. It was André so Georges hired André to come to California where he trained decades of winemakers like Greg. This next wine is a Pinot Noir called Fourth Act. Greg's winemaker Evan named is for Greg, as this is the fourth winery that he has owned. This is their blend wine. Dan says it smells exactly like a great Pinot Noir, lots of fruit flavors. Shari points out that it also got a double gold and 95 points at her competition. It also got one at Dan Berger's International Competition last month, it got best of class and best of show.

In 1983, scientists at the Pasteur Institute in Paris became the first to identify the HIV virus. It was a vital step in fighting one of the worst epidemics in modern history, AIDS. The Pasteur had been asked to investigate after reports of a mystery disease that was spreading rapidly, particularly among the gay community. Two weeks later, scientist Françoise Barré-Sinoussi detected the virus while working on a biopsy sample in the laboratory. She and the team leader, Luc Montagnier were later awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine. But the discovery could easily have been missed, as she tells Jane Wilkinson. (Photo: French virologists Jean-Claude Chermann, Francoise Barre-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier. Credit: Michel Philippot/Sygma/Sygma via Getty Images)

Drug efficacy studies are revealing the spatial distribution of mutations causing artemisinin resistance - and it all starts with a drop of blood. In this podcast, we ask: What is artemisinin resistance? What are some of the key molecular markers underpinning it? How can we overcome it? With Didier Ménard, Director of the Institute of Parasitology and Tropical Diseases at the University of Strasbourg, and a visiting researcher at the Pasteur Institute. About The Podcast The Johns Hopkins Malaria Minute is produced by the Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute to highlight impactful malaria research and to share it with the global community.

We're diving head first into a necessary and energetic discussion about a topic that has stirred the medical world: hormone replacement therapy (HRT).  HRT is both a medical and feminist issue and we're creating a call to action for all women to educate ourselves in order to advocate for ourselves.As with many of the experts we've connected with in our menopause community, Avrum Bluming and Carol Tavris didn't set out to be activists.  These leaders were compelled by the shift in culture around treating women with symptoms of perimenopause as a result of the groundbreaking research done by the Women's Health Initiative (WHI).  Overnight the perception of HRT transformed dramatically, and stopped being prescribed. Bluming and Tavris are joining us to address the exaggerated claims made by the Women's Health Initiative and shed light on the overlooked benefits of HRT, all while ensuring that the specter of breast cancer risk remains low.  AVRUM BLUMING, MDAvrum Bluming received his MD from the Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons. He spent four years as a senior investigator for the National Cancer Institute and for two of those years was director of the Lymphoma Treatment Center in Kampala, Uganda. He organized the first study of lumpectomy for the treatment of breast cancer in Southern California in 1978, and for more than two decades he has been studying the benefits and risks of hormone replacement therapy administered to women with a history of breast cancer. Dr. Bluming has served as a clinical professor of medicine at USC and has been an invited speaker at the Royal College of Physicians in London and the Pasteur Institute in Paris. He was elected to mastership in the American College of Physicians, an honor accorded to only five hundred of the over one hundred thousand board-certified internists in this country.CAROL TAVRIS, PhD  Carol Tavris received her PhD in social psychology from the University of Michigan. Her books include Mistakes Were Made (But Not by Me), with Elliot Aronson; Anger: The Misunderstood Emotion, and The Mismeasure of Woman. She has written articles, op-eds, and book reviews on topics in psychological science for a wide array of publications — including the Los Angeles Times, the New York Times Book Review, the Wall Street Journal, and the TLS — and a column for Skeptic magazine. She is a fellow of the Association for Psychological Science and has received numerous awards for her efforts to promote gender equality, science, and skepticism. 

Thomas LecuitCollège de FranceDynamiques du vivantAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Croissance et forme / Growth and Form : Mechanical Feedback in Embryonic Self-OrganizationJérôme Gros, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France

Josh's Guests: Scott Tips - President, The National Health Federation Americans must not permit another weaponized pandemic Laura Adams - MoneyGirl Podcasts Inflation and what you can do to combat it Sylvie Beljanski - author, Winning The War On Cancer Discusses the scientific studies of her father Mirko Beljanski, PhD of the Pasteur Institute, Paris whose herbal formulas were used by Francois Mitterrand while he was President of France, after he had surgery for his advanced Prostate Cancer, it was thought by his surgeon that he would not live to complete his term, and he would need to resign from office. The Beljanski herbal formulas he used allowed him to complete his second term of office (an additional 5 years) and live several years after. find us at: www.HeresToYourHealthWithJoshuaLane.com

"Ethics is everywhere. It's in the arts, it's in entrepreneurship, it's in family, and business. No matter what walk of life, no matter your passion, ethics is the great connector both for individuals and for the larger society." Ethics expert Susan Liautaud joins the podcast. She has written a book called The Little Book of Big Ethical Questions, in which she poses situations and questions to the reader that we all come into contact with in our daily lives. “Would you apply for a job you know your friend is applying for?” Or “Should voting be mandatory?” Or "what about police using facial recognition technology?" "What would I have done?" "Is there one correct answer?" And ultimately: "How can ethics help us navigate these situations to find the best outcome for ourselves and others?" In a wide ranging conversation that goes in many directions, Susan and Daniel talk broad themes-- ethics and social media, for example-- and also connect ethics, structure, harmony and dissonance to Ukraine, COVID preparedness, the world of music, and more. If you like what we do, please support the show. By making a one-time or recurring donation, you will contribute to us being able to present the highest quality substantive, long-form interviews with the world's most compelling people. Dr. Susan Liautaud is Founder and Managing Director of Susan Liautaud & Associates Limited (SLAL), a consultancy in ethics matters internationally. She brings broad global experience with ethics and governance to business, non-profit, governmental and academic organizations and leaders. Susan is the Author of The Power of Ethics and of The Little Book of Big Ethical Questions. She also teaches cutting edge ethics courses at Stanford University and was a Visiting Scholar at the Stanford Center of Philanthropy and Civil Society from 2012 to 2015. She also founded a non-profit, independent, cross-sector laboratory and collaborative platform for innovative ethics called The Ethics Incubator. She serves as Chair of Council of the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) and as Vice Chair of the Global Partnership for Education (GPE). Susan has been appointed to the UK Cabinet Office's Advisory Committee on Business Appointments (ACoBA), to the Stanford HAI (Stanford Institute for Human- Centered Artificial Intelligence) and to SAP's AI Ethics Advisory Panel. She also serves on a number of other boards and advisory boards, including: the French Ambassador's Foreign Trade Advisory Council in the UK; member of the board of directors of the Pasteur Institute, and the American Hospital of Paris Board of Governors. She formerly served as Chair and member of the Doctors Without Borders/Médecins Sans Frontières US Advisory Board, to the Advisory Council to the UK Centre for Data Ethics and Innovation board, and as member of Care International Supervisory Board. Susan holds a PhD in Social Policy from the London School of Economics and Political Science; a Juris Doctor from Columbia University Law School; a M.A. in Chinese Studies from University of London School of Oriental and African Studies; a M.A. and two B.A.s from Stanford University. She speaks fluent French and Spanish, as well as advanced intermediate Chinese and intermediate Italian.

My guest this week is Jessica Jackley, an entrepreneur, investor, and speaker. Her work over the last decade has focused on financial inclusion, the sharing economy, and social justice. Currently, she is the founder of Alltruists, offering at-home, kid-friendly volunteer projects for families, and a cofounder and General Partner at Untapped Capital. She is best known as a cofounder of Kiva, the world's first crowdfunding site for microenterprises. Most recently, Jessica served as Chief Impact Officer at Aspiration, GP at SparkLabs Global Ventures, and an investor, advisor, and former Venture Partner with the Collaborative Fund. Additionally, Jessica teaches Social Entrepreneurship at the Marshall School of Business at USC, and was previously a Visiting Practitioner at Stanford's Center for Philanthropy and Civil Society. 2:56 – Jessica 101 Jessica is a mom of four and has had a number of entrepreneurial adventures in her life. 6:12 – Being a giver She felt called to be helpful in the world and wanted to wake up every day and be a giver. Her goal has been to learn how to move people and resources to the most good. 13:49 – Who do you want to serve? Aspiring entrepreneurs should ask themselves: Who do you want to serve? What do you want to offer them? How will you fund that? You need to know what you want to prioritize in your business and how profitable you can be and want to be. 18:39 – Inspiration for Kiva She learned about microfinance and the power of listening very carefully to the people you want to serve. Observe and listen, and you can suggest how things might change. 25:55 – Alltruists Jessica wanted to use the ease of a subscription box and mash it up with a cool volunteer experience. How do you talk to your kids about homeless people, war and scary stuff? Alltruists can help parents give kids truthful but not terrifying answers. 37:09 – Volunteer economy Every year in the U.S., 90% of the people say they want to volunteer, but only about a quarter of people get around to doing so. People want to participate in something bigger than themselves. 39:44 – Get to know you Guilty pleasure? She doesn't do guilt, but her indulgence is reading her husband's book early. Most listened to music? The Beatles FEATURED QUOTES Absolutely, you can make a really positive impact and have a sustainable/profitable organization. I felt really called to try to be helpful in the world. I felt pretty clear on the reality that my job was to wake up every day, be grateful for my life and go try to be a giver. https://alltruists.com/ ABOUT JESSICA JACKLEY: Jessica Jackley is an entrepreneur, investor, professor, and speaker who has spent her career focused on social justice. In an effort to find meaningful ways to inspire her own childrens' curiosity, empathy, and passion for social and environmental impact, she most recently founded Alltruists, at-home, kid-friendly volunteer projects for families. She is best known as a co-founder of Kiva, the world's first crowdfunding site for microenterprises that has facilitated over $1.5B in loans worldwide. Jessica recently served as Walt Disney Imagineering's first Entrepreneur in Residence and serves on several nonprofit boards including Habitat for Humanity, advises numerous start-ups, and is an advisory board member of Investcorp Strategic Capital Group. Additionally, Jessica teaches Social Entrepreneurship at the Marshall School of Business at USC, and was previously a Visiting Practitioner at Stanford's Center for Philanthropy and Civil Society.  Jessica's work has been widely recognized. Honors include The Economist's No Boundaries Innovation Award, Fast Company's Most Influential Women in Tech, Silicon Valley Forum's Visionary Award, the Pasteur Institute's Common Congress Award, finalist for the TIME 100 Most Influential People list, and more. She holds an MBA from the Stanford Graduate School of Business, a certificate in Global Leadership and Public Policy from the Harvard Kennedy School, a BA in Philosophy and Political Science from Bucknell University, and honorary PhDs from Centenary College and Quinnipiac University. She is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and a World Economic Forum Young Global Leader. Her first book, CLAY WATER BRICK: Finding Inspiration from Entrepreneurs Who Do the Most with the Least was published in June 2015 (Penguin Random House). Jessica lives in Los Angeles with her husband, author Reza Aslan, and their four young children. Thank you to our partner of the show! Are you looking to clean up your household cleaning products this year? MamaSuds would like to help! The best way is to simply start with one product. Every time you run out of a specific cleaning product, replace it with a non-toxic one. Another tip, purchase a product that has multiple uses. The MamaSuds Collection has many multiple use products (castile soap or the toilet bombs are just a few!). Their blog has lots of great tips and a castile soap recipe that you can print and make a lot of your own effective cleaners! Give them a try at www.mamasuds.com and don't forget to use the coupon code MOLLY for 15% off your order!

What are the ethics of business? What is an ethical line? As our world becomes more and more technological, the line between ethical and unethical in business practices becomes blurrier. In this interview, we explore social media and technology ethics and ask whether it is ever okay to cross the line? Dr. Susan Liautaud is a leading international expert in ethics. She is the author of The Power of Ethics. Dr. Liautaud is the founder of The Ethics Incubator and Susan Liautaud & Associates Limited, a consultancy advising corporate, governmental, and non-profit leaders on ethics matters. Susan teaches cutting-edge ethics courses at Stanford University. She serves as Chair of Council of the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) and as Vice Chair-elect of the Global Partnership for Education (GPE). She has been appointed to the UK Cabinet Office's Advisory Committee on Business Appointments (ACoBA), to the Stanford HAI (Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence), and to the SAP's AI Ethics Advisory Panel. Susan also serves on a number of other boards, including Pasteur Institute and others.

In a special edition of The Evidence, Claudia Hammond and her panel of experts focus on Africa, on how the more than fifty countries on the continent, home to 1.3 billion people and the most youthful population in the world, have fared, two years into the pandemic. African scientists have been key players in the global response, sequencing variants of the virus and sharing this vital information with the world. But there's been huge frustration and anger on the continent about the way Africa has, yet again, found itself at the back of the global queue for life-saving tests, treatments and vaccines. The sense that the global health system isn't set up to deliver for Africa has prompted what's been described as unprecedented solidarity, and galvanised calls for increased healthcare independence, self-sufficiency and a new public health order for the continent. This includes plans to manufacture the vaccines, medicines and tests that Africa needs to increase its health security in Africa for Africa. In The Evidence, the head of the World Health Organisation in Africa, Dr Matshidiso Moeti, tells Claudia it has been “extremely devastating” to watch history repeating itself (just like the HIV pandemic and the millions of African lives lost because they were unable to access life-saving antiretroviral medication) as international solidarity faltered and Africa struggled to access vital supplies. The Pasteur Institute in Dakar, Senegal (along with centres in South Africa and Rwanda) has a key role in pan-African plans for increased health sufficiency. Yellow Fever vaccines have long been made here but the plan is that later this year, mRNA vaccines for Covid-19 and eventually for other diseases like Lassa and Rift Valley fevers, will be manufactured at this and other sites. Institute head Professor Amadou Sall, a virologist and public health specialist says producing vaccines, medicines and tests will reduce the dependency of Africa on the global community and increase health security. Dr Yodi Alakija, co-chair of the African Union's Vaccine Delivery Alliance and WHO Special Envoy to the Access to Covid Tools Accelerator, the ACT-Accelerator, says the pandemic has laid bare a failure of global political leadership, where a life in Lagos has been viewed as worth less than a life in London. The equity gaps in access to the tools needed to fight Covid-19, she says, must be closed, and there are hopes that a high level global conference, “Port to Arms: Africa Responds – Vaccine Equity, Delivery and Manufacturing”, in Abuja, Nigeria, in February, will lead to a renewed commitments to vaccinate the world and end this pandemic. Produced by: Fiona Hill and Maria Simons Studio Engineer: Donald McDonald and Tim Heffer

After a truck carrying monkeys crashed in Pennsylvania last week, there are important questions that need to be answered. We know that the Department of Defence (and DARPA) has been quietly tracking cases, hospitalizations, adverse reactions, and deaths, to certain treatments, then handing the data over to the Centers for Disease Control. The DOD was also reportedly involved in a West Virginia truck wreck in 2021 containing vials of Moderna product, the same one the Japanese found to contain suspicious metallic substances. We also know from contract documents that these products are "jointly owned" by Moderna and the National Institutes of Health, which employs Dr. Strangeglove. The NIH was also directly involved in facilitating gain of function research through Eco Health Alliance and the BSL-4 facility in Wuhan Institute of Virology built with the assistance of the CDC and Pasteur Institute and farmed out to others such as UNC-Chapel Hill. We also know that the NIH requested DARPA finance the release of biologically-engineered substances into the environment to increase their virility in humans. Were the monkeys in PA infected with anything, and why was the driver not wearing the same hazmat suits that were worn in WV when a supposed oil and anti-freeze spill was cleaned up on a Moderna shipment?

Episode 67: Covid, Food, and HIV.  Medical students discuss the relationship between high cholesterol and COVID-19, the effect of food order in postprandial glucose and insulin, and HIV history. Moderated by Hector Arreaza, MD.  During this episode you will listen to three medical students discussing some topics that they found interesting during their family medicine rotation. All the credit goes to them because they read these topics and provided a very good summary. I hope you enjoy it.____________________High Cholesterol and COVID-19By Milan Hinesman, MS3, Ross University School of MedicineGiven the current state of the world, there's been a lot more attention to COVID-19 presentation, risks, and treatment. One study conducted by Dr. Kun Zhang and collaborators shows that there may be a relationship between higher total cholesterol levels and ApoB levels to increased risk of COVID-19 infection[1]. Dr. Zhang used a mendelian randomization from the UK Biobank data to test for lipid effects on COVID susceptibility and severity. The study performed analysis of data from the host genetics initiative consisting of more than 14,000 cases and more than one million controls showing a potential positive causal effect between high total cholesterol and ApoB and COVID susceptibility. A mendelian randomization is a process of taking genes which functions are already known and measuring their response to exposure to a disease in observational studies[2]. In short, high cholesterol and high ApoB are linked to COVID-19 infection.This is Rio Bravo qWeek, your weekly dose of knowledge brought to you by the Rio Bravo Family Medicine Residency Program from Bakersfield, California. Our program is affiliated with UCLA, and it's sponsored by Clinica Sierra Vista, Let Us Be Your Healthcare Home. __________________________Impact of food order on glucose after meals.   By Yvette Singh, MS3, American University of the CaribbeanIn the management of diabetes, health care providers usually assess glycemic control with fasting plasma glucose and pre-prandial glucose measurements, as well as by measuring Hemoglobin A1c. Therapeutic goals for Hemoglobin A1c and pre-prandial glucose levels have been established based on the results of controlled clinical trials. Unfortunately, many patients with diabetes fail to achieve their glycemic goals. Elevated glucose after eating may be the cause of poor glycemic control leading to vascular complications. Postprandial hyperglycemia is one of the earliest abnormalities of glucose homeostasis associated with type 2 diabetes. This is one of the important therapeutic targets for glycemic control. Current studies show that the amount and timing of carbs in the diet primarily influence blood glucose levels. Other studies also show that eating whey protein before meals, as well as changing the macronutrients in meals, reduces postprandial glucose levels; however, these studies did not have patients with type 2 diabetes. The main author of this study was Alpana P. Shukla and many other collaborators. The title is Food Order Has a Significant Impact on Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Levels, published by the American Diabetes Association on Diabetes Care in July 2015.This study was performed to analyze the order of food consumption with vegetables, protein and carbohydrates and its effects on postprandial glucose in overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes being treated with metformin. Subjects were studied for 1 week. They were given a meal with the same number of calories, after fasting for 12 hours: 55g protein, 68g carbs, and 16g fat. They were asked to eat carbs first, then to eat vegetables and protein fifteen minutes later. This order was reversed during the second week. Their postprandial glucose and insulin levels were measured at 30/60/120 mins after meals. The statistical studies showed an average post prandial glucose decrease by more than 25% when protein was consumed first. As well as the average post prandial insulin levels decreased by more than 40%. These results demonstrated that the timing of carbs during a meal has a significant impact on glucose and insulin levels comparable to some pharmacological agents. Reduced insulin excretion with this meal pattern may also improve insulin sensitivity. This may help patients with type 2 diabetes control their HbA1c, and possibly help reverse early diabetes. Educating patients about this approach is not controlling how much they are eating or restricting their diet so patients will likely comply with this recommendation. Eat your protein first!The potential problems of this study are that it was a small sample size (11 patients), limited food types, and insulin was measured only up to 120 minutes after meals. Further studies are needed to demonstrate the full effectiveness of this recommendation.___________________HIV Series Part I: HIV HistoryBy Robert Dunn, MS3, Ross University School of Medicine This is an HIV series for the Rio Bravo qWeek Podcast. The following episodes will include some of the history of HIV, transmissibility, the PARTNER-1 and PARTNER-2 studies, and will finalize with a full episode on HIV prevention. Today we are starting with HIV history.Prejudice against those with HIV stems from the history surrounding the virus. Between 1981-1983, cases of rare infections like Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and aggressive cancers like Kaposi Sarcoma were appearing predominantly amongst gay men and injection drug users.  Even children were presenting with AIDS creating misconceptions of how the disease was transmitted by touch. By 1982, this syndrome was referred to as the Gay-Related Immunodeficiency (GRID), which we now know as AIDS. Some History of HIVThe start of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was thought to have started in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 1920 when the virus crossed species to humans and gave its ability to infect humans[4]. In 1981, five young gay men in Los Angeles, California, presented with a rare lung infection called Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). Two other groups of men also presented with a rare and aggressive cancer called Kaposi Sarcoma, in New York and California. By December of the same year, the first case of PCP was found in an injection drug user. And by the end of the year, there were 270 reported cases of this severe immunodeficiency and about 121 of them had already died from it, almost 50%. In 1982, due to the prevalence of these rare diseases being present among gay men, the syndrome was called the Gay-Related Immune Deficiency (GRID). The CDC later officially called the disease the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The term “gay cancer” was used in Venezuela before AIDS was known.In 1983, the disease was found in both women and children. In May 1983, in a joint conference between the Pasteur Institute in France and the National Cancer Institute, they announced that LAV and HTLV-III were the same virus and the cause of AIDS.In 1985, Ryan White, a teenager with hemophilia was banned from school when he was diagnosed with HIV after he received contaminated blood products. Ryan later died at 18 years old due to AIDS-related illnesses. At the same time, the FDA licensed the first commercial blood test to detect HIV. A foundation was later created to provide primary care and medications for low-income HIV patients.In 1987, the first antiretroviral drug, Zidovudine (AZT) was approved by the FDA to treat for HIV. In 1991, the famous basketball player Magic Johnson announced he tested positive for HIV and retired immediately. After his retirement he planned to educate young people about the virus which helped dispel stereotypes. Also in 1991, the famous singer of Queen announced he had AIDS and died the next day.In 1993, the movie Philadelphia with Tom Hanks promoted further discussion about HIV and AIDS. In June 1995, the first protease inhibitor was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which started the era for Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). This brought down the rate of AIDS-related deaths and hospitalizations by 60-80%. Of special note, in 1986, the FDA passed the policy to ban all men who had sex with men (MSM) from 1977 onward, from donating blood or plasma to avoid the risk of transmitting HIV or Hepatitis A. This policy was amended in December 2015, when the revised policy said any MSM within the last 12 months, would need to wait at least 1 year before donating blood. In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, the FDA amended it its policy once more to decrease the wait time to 3 months form the last time the man had sex with another man.____________________________Conclusion: Now we conclude our episode number 67 “Covid, Food, and HIV.” Kudos to Milan, Yvette and Robert, they presented relevant information for our practice of medicine. They taught us that high cholesterol is a risk for COVID-19 infection; Also, when you eat proteins first, your glucose and insulin after meals are lower than when you eat carbs first; and you will be hearing from Robert for a couple episodes regarding HIV. Today he gave us a little piece of HIV history. Even without trying, every night you go to bed being a little wiser.Thanks for listening to Rio Bravo qWeek. If you have any feedback about this podcast, contact us by email RBresidency@clinicasierravista.org, or visit our website riobravofmrp.org/qweek. This podcast was created with educational purposes only. Visit your primary care physician for additional medical advice. This week we thank Hector Arreaza, Milan Hinesman, Yvette Singh, and Robert Dunn. Audio edition: Suraj Amrutia. See you next week! _____________________References:Zhang, K. Dong, S. Guo, et. al., Causal Associations Between Blood Lipids and COVID-19 Risk: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, originally published on September 9, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.121.316324. What is Mendelian Randomization and How Can it be Used as a Tool for Medicine and Public Health? Opportunities and Challenges, Webinar announcement given by Professor George Davey Smith on November 27, 2018. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, https://www.cdc.gov/genomics/events/precision_med_pop.htm Alpana P. Shukla, Radu G. Iliescu, Catherine E. Thomas and Louis J. Aronne, Food Order Has a Significant Impact on Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Levels, Diabetes Care 2015 Jul; 38(7): e98-e99. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc15-0429. History of HIV and AIDS Overview. Avert, October 10, 2019. https://www.avert.org/professionals/history-hiv-aids/overview. Accessed on September 21, 2021. Shaw, Maggie. FDA's Revised Blood Donation Guidance for Gay Men Still Courts Controversy. AJMC, April 3, 2020. https://ajmc.com/view/fdas-revised-blood-donation-guidance-for-gay-men-still-courts-controvery. Accessed on September 21, 2021. BAYER, R. (2015), Science, Politics, and the End of the Lifelong Gay Blood Donor Ban. Milbank Quarterly, 93: 230-233. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.12114. Ways HIV can be Transmitted. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, April 21, 2021. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/hiv-transmission/ways-people-get-hiv.html. Accessed on September 21, 2021.

There's no better way to kick off September as the Pain Awareness Month than bringing you a conversation with Dr. Kanwaljeet S. Anand, whose research took the medical world by storm, even risking his license, as he sought out to answer the question of; what if we give children anesthesia and analgesia?  I truly believe that he is the reason why my career as a pediatric pain and palliative care physician exists today and serves as an available path for many healthcare professionals. In this episode,  Dr.  Anand, a professor of Pediatrics, Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine at Stanford University School of Medicine, describes his groundbreaking research back in the 80s, when a popular held belief was that babies don't feel pain!  With the findings  and intervention offered in his RCT, they were able to cut down the infant mortality rates by half.  It is the work of doctors like him that paved the path for someone like me to practice pediatric pain management as a specialty-- hoping to save and improve the lives of many more children by debunking the fallacies that still surround children's pain and its management.   Takeaways In This Episode   What fueled Dr. Anand's desire to research perioperative care for infants His hypothesis around morbidity and mortality of neonates and infants undergoing surgeries, relationship to anesthetic management  Conducting the randomized controlled trial study and its results that changed the history and trajectory of childrens pain and perioperative management Sometimes it's worth picking the fights How his study gained momentum and changed how the healthcare world approaches pain management for children and infants When and how infants develop the ability to feel pain The long-term consequences of poorly or inadequately  managing children's pain Changing the minds of colleagues who perpetuate the belief that children are “hardy” and will “get over it” Dr. Anand's message to the audience   Links Connect with Dr. Kanwaljeet S. Anand: Stanford Profile LinkedIn Love, Pain, and Intensive Care. K.J.S. Anand, Richard W. Hall Clinicians' Pain Evaluation Toolkit Proactive Pain Solutions   About the Guest    Kanwaljeet S. Anand, MBBS, MD, D Phil, FRCCM   He is currently the professor of Pediatrics, Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine at Stanford University School of Medicine. He directs the pain and stress neurobiology lab, the Jackson Vaughan Critical Care Research Fund, and he serves as the Editor of the journal Pediatric Research and is the Division Chief for Pediatric Critical Care at the Department of Pediatrics at Standford School of Medicine. He graduated from M.G.M. Medical College, Indore (India). He received the D.Phil. degree as a Rhodes Scholar at the University of Oxford, followed by a post-doctoral fellowship at Harvard Medical School, a categorical Pediatrics residency training at Boston Children's Hospital, and a Critical Care Medicine fellowship at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. He is the recipient of innumerable awards, including the Dr. Michael Blacow Award from the British Pediatric Association in 1986, the Pediatric Resident Research Award from the American Academy of Pediatrics, the inaugural Young Investigator Award in Pediatric Pain from the International Association for Study of Pain in 1994, the Jeffrey Lawson Award for advocacy of children's pain relief, the highest recognition in pediatric pain medicine in the United States. He's also been awarded many awards across Europe in many countries such as the Nils Rosén von Rosenstein Award from the Swedish Academy of Medicine and the 2015 Journées Nationales de Néonatologie Address at The Pasteur Institute to name a few. For his dedication and work in the field of pediatric pain management, he is considered a world authority on pain and stress in newborns and pain management in infants. 

Stefania tells Laura the story of WALDEMAR HAFFKINE: a Ukrainian-born bacteriologist who developed an anti-cholera vaccine in 1892 at the Pasteur Institute in Paris. From the results of field trials in India from 1893 to 1896, he has been credited as having carried out the first effective prophylactic vaccination for a bacterial disease in man. When the plague pandemic reached Bombay, Haffkine became bacteriologist to the Government of (British) India. "He inspired so many scientists to take up vaccine research in the early 20th Century, but somehow his contributions were forgotten”. Born: March 15, 1860, Odessa, Ukraine; Died: October 26, 1930, Lausanne, Switzerland. Episode Sources: Hawgood, Barbara J. “Waldemar Mordecai Haffkine, CIE (1860-1930): prophylactic vaccination against cholera and bubonic plague in British India”. Journal of Medical Biography. Feb. 2007, Volume 15. https://www.jameslindlibrary.org/wp-data/uploads/2014/05/Haffkine-1896-Publication.pdf Gunter, Joel and Pandey, Vikas. “Waldemar Haffkine: The vaccine pioneer the world forgot”, BBC News, Dec. 11, 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-55050012 Watson, Stephanie. “Cholera Epidemics: Five Pandemics in the Nineteenth Century”. Encyclopedia.com. https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/cholera-epidemics-five-pandemics-nineteenth-century Website for the Haffkine Institute for Training, Research & Testing. Info page about Dr. Waldemar Haffkine. http://www.haffkineinstitute.org/waldemar.htm Waldemar Haffkine. Wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldemar_Haffkine Blumgart, Jake. “Should We Retire the Word ‘Slum'?”. Bloomberg, Oct. 10, 2017. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-10-10/the-case-for-retiring-the-word-slum

Scientists were delighted earlier this year to find they would still have access to the EU Horizon 2020 funding and collaborations. Now, it has been revealed that membership of this group, which was previously paid for through fees to the European Union, may come directly from the science budget, at a cost of about £15 billion over the next 7 years. That’s £1-2 billion a year. Marnie Chesterton speaks with Beth Thompson, head of policy at the Wellcome Trust about the implications, and Roland Pease asks scientists working around the world how the previously announced ODA cuts are affecting their work. Native oysters help to filter coastal waters of the UK of pollutants including nitrates, while also providing habitat for other species. But their numbers have declined by 95% throughout their British range. Now, the Zoological Society of London is placing thousands of mature oysters under pontoons in marinas across the UK to let them breed, and encourage the return of the species to their former numbers. And the new coronavirus mutations that are worrying us all have been found to affect mice in experimental studies at the Pasteur Institute in France. Marnie asks if this change to the infectivity of the new variants has implications for human health and our ability to combat the virus. Presented by Marnie Chesterton Produced by Rory Galloway

Countries across Europe resumed vaccinations with the AstraZeneca shot on Friday, as leaders sought to reassure their populations it is safe following brief suspensions that cast doubt on a vaccine that is critical to ending the coronavirus pandemic.The British and French prime ministers rolled up their sleeves, as did a handful of other senior politicians across the continent where inoculation drives have repeatedly stumbled and several countries are now re-imposing lockdowns as infections rise in many places.Britain is a notable exception: The outbreak there has receded, and the country has been widely praised for its vaccination campaign, though this week it announced that it, too, would be hit by supply shortages. The U.K. also never stopped using AstraZeneca. European Union countries, by contrast, have struggled to quickly roll out vaccines, and the pause of the vaccine by many this week only added to those troubles.The suspensions came after reports of blood clots in some recipients of the vaccine, even though international health agencies urged governments to press ahead with the shot, saying the benefits outweighed the risks. On Thursday, the European Medicines Agency said that the vaccine doesn't increase the overall incidence of blood clots, though it could not rule out a link to a small number of rare clots.The move paved the way for a slew of European countries including Italy, France and Germany to begin using the vaccine again."It's clear that the revocation of the suspension is for us a great relief because we have to strongly accelerate the vaccination campaign," said Dr. Giovanni Rezza, the head of prevention at the Italian Health Ministry.Rezza told reporters in Rome that Italy only reluctantly halted the campaign out of an abundance of caution, but needed to ramp it back up quickly to make up for lost time now.He said Italy needed to more than double the 200,000 vaccinations per day the country had reached before the suspension to reach its goal of inoculating 80% of the population by September.Health experts have expressed concern that even though the suspensions were brief, they could still damage confidence in the vaccine at a time when many people are already hesitant to take a shot that was developed so quickly. While many EU countries have struggled with such reluctance, it's even more of a worry in developing nations that may not have any other choice of vaccine. AstraZeneca, which is cheaper and easier to store than many rival products, is the linchpin in vaccination drives in many poorer countries.Amid these concerns, British Prime Minister Boris Johnson got an AstraZeneca jab at St. Thomas' Hospital in south London, where he was treated in intensive care last April for COVID-19."I literally did not feel a thing and so it was very good, very quick and I cannot recommend it too highly," Johnson, 56, said on leaving the hospital after his jab. "Everybody, when you get your notification for a jab please go and get it. It is the best thing for you, the best thing for your family and for everybody else."Others who got the shot Friday included French Prime Minister Jean Castex, Slovenia's President Borut Pahor and Prime Minister Janez Jansa, and a German state governor. Italian Premier Mario Draghi said he would get the AstraZeneca shot when it's time for his age group, and said his grown son had received it in London."Therefore, there is absolutely no doubt" about its safety, Draghi, 73, told a news conference.Castex, 55, said he stepped up because he wanted to show full confidence in the shot, even though he is not yet eligible under France's rules. The former director of the Pasteur Institute, Patrick Berche, told BFMTV the move was "a very beautiful gesture."France restarted the vaccine with some restrictions that seemed aimed at reducing the risk of potential side effects even further.Other countries that are resuming their use of AstraZeneca shots include Bulgaria, a nation of...

In the race to create a Covid-19 vaccine, two French hopefuls have slipped from frontrunners to laggards. The Pasteur Institute's decision to stop developing its most promising vaccine candidate came on the heels of Sanofi's announcement that its jab would be delayed. A small Franco-Austrian startup called Valneva is now raising hopes. But the two giants' inability to lead the vaccine race has raised questions about the state of medical research in France. Is this failure simply due to bad luck, or is it a sign of wider problems? FRANCE 24's Julia Sieger and Marie Schuster report.

Today I talked to Matthieu Ricard about two books.  The first is A Plea for the Animals: The Moral, Philosophical, and Evolutionary Imperative to Treat All Beings with Compassion (Shambhala, 2016) It is a powerful and wide-ranging indictment of the treatment of animals by humans--and an eloquent plea for animal rights. Every cow just wants to be happy. Every chicken just wants to be free. Every bear, dog, or mouse experiences sorrow and feels pain as intensely as any of us humans do. In a compelling appeal to reason and human kindness, Matthieu Ricard here takes the arguments from his best-sellers Altruism and Happiness to their logical conclusion: that compassion toward all beings, including our fellow animals, is a moral obligation and the direction toward which any enlightened society must aspire. He chronicles the appalling sufferings of the animals we eat, wear, and use for adornment or “entertainment,” and submits every traditional justification for their exploitation to scientific evidence and moral scrutiny. What arises is an unambiguous and powerful ethical imperative for treating all of the animals with whom we share this planet with respect and compassion. The second, co-authored with Jason Gruhl, is Our Animal Neighbors: Compassion for Every Furry, Slimy, Prickly Creature on Earth (Bala Kids, 2020). It offers a story about the fundamental connection between animals and people and how we can treat all of Earth's creatures with compassion and empathy. Furry polar bears, playful sea otters, slow sloths, prickly porcupines, and slimy snakes are just a few of the many animals we share our world with. And even though we might not look the same or have the same needs as our animal neighbors, we have more in common with them than we might think. Our Animal Neighbors introduces children to the importance of treating all animals with the care and compassion they deserve. We all want to experience love, safety, and respect and this book is the first step to instilling those values at an early age. This planet is our home, and we should all be free to live a prosperous life regardless of whether we have hands, hooves, scales, or fur. Matthieu Ricard is a French writer, photographer, translator and Buddhist monk. Ricard received a PhD in molecular genetics from the Pasteur Institute in 1972 before departing his native France to study Buddhism in the Himalayas, eventually becoming a monk of the Shechen Tennyi Dargyeling Monastery in Nepal. Renowned also as a photographer and translator, he is the author of numerous previous books, including Altruism: The Power of Compassion to Change Yourself and Your World, Happiness: A Guide to Developing Life's Most Important Skill, and, with his father, the late Jean-François Revel, The Monk and the Philosopher: A Father and Son Discuss the Meaning of Life. He dedicates all the income of his work to two hundred humanitarian projects run in the Himalaya by the organization he founded, Karuna-Shechen. Mark Molloy is the reviews editor at MAKE: A Literary Magazine. Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/animal-studies

Today I talked to Matthieu Ricard about two books.  The first is A Plea for the Animals: The Moral, Philosophical, and Evolutionary Imperative to Treat All Beings with Compassion (Shambhala, 2016) It is a powerful and wide-ranging indictment of the treatment of animals by humans--and an eloquent plea for animal rights. Every cow just wants to be happy. Every chicken just wants to be free. Every bear, dog, or mouse experiences sorrow and feels pain as intensely as any of us humans do. In a compelling appeal to reason and human kindness, Matthieu Ricard here takes the arguments from his best-sellers Altruism and Happiness to their logical conclusion: that compassion toward all beings, including our fellow animals, is a moral obligation and the direction toward which any enlightened society must aspire. He chronicles the appalling sufferings of the animals we eat, wear, and use for adornment or “entertainment,” and submits every traditional justification for their exploitation to scientific evidence and moral scrutiny. What arises is an unambiguous and powerful ethical imperative for treating all of the animals with whom we share this planet with respect and compassion. The second, co-authored with Jason Gruhl, is Our Animal Neighbors: Compassion for Every Furry, Slimy, Prickly Creature on Earth (Bala Kids, 2020). It offers a story about the fundamental connection between animals and people and how we can treat all of Earth's creatures with compassion and empathy. Furry polar bears, playful sea otters, slow sloths, prickly porcupines, and slimy snakes are just a few of the many animals we share our world with. And even though we might not look the same or have the same needs as our animal neighbors, we have more in common with them than we might think. Our Animal Neighbors introduces children to the importance of treating all animals with the care and compassion they deserve. We all want to experience love, safety, and respect and this book is the first step to instilling those values at an early age. This planet is our home, and we should all be free to live a prosperous life regardless of whether we have hands, hooves, scales, or fur. Matthieu Ricard is a French writer, photographer, translator and Buddhist monk. Ricard received a PhD in molecular genetics from the Pasteur Institute in 1972 before departing his native France to study Buddhism in the Himalayas, eventually becoming a monk of the Shechen Tennyi Dargyeling Monastery in Nepal. Renowned also as a photographer and translator, he is the author of numerous previous books, including Altruism: The Power of Compassion to Change Yourself and Your World, Happiness: A Guide to Developing Life’s Most Important Skill, and, with his father, the late Jean-François Revel, The Monk and the Philosopher: A Father and Son Discuss the Meaning of Life. He dedicates all the income of his work to two hundred humanitarian projects run in the Himalaya by the organization he founded, Karuna-Shechen. Mark Molloy is the reviews editor at MAKE: A Literary Magazine. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm

Today I talked to Matthieu Ricard about two books.  The first is A Plea for the Animals: The Moral, Philosophical, and Evolutionary Imperative to Treat All Beings with Compassion (Shambhala, 2016) It is a powerful and wide-ranging indictment of the treatment of animals by humans--and an eloquent plea for animal rights. Every cow just wants to be happy. Every chicken just wants to be free. Every bear, dog, or mouse experiences sorrow and feels pain as intensely as any of us humans do. In a compelling appeal to reason and human kindness, Matthieu Ricard here takes the arguments from his best-sellers Altruism and Happiness to their logical conclusion: that compassion toward all beings, including our fellow animals, is a moral obligation and the direction toward which any enlightened society must aspire. He chronicles the appalling sufferings of the animals we eat, wear, and use for adornment or “entertainment,” and submits every traditional justification for their exploitation to scientific evidence and moral scrutiny. What arises is an unambiguous and powerful ethical imperative for treating all of the animals with whom we share this planet with respect and compassion. The second, co-authored with Jason Gruhl, is Our Animal Neighbors: Compassion for Every Furry, Slimy, Prickly Creature on Earth (Bala Kids, 2020). It offers a story about the fundamental connection between animals and people and how we can treat all of Earth's creatures with compassion and empathy. Furry polar bears, playful sea otters, slow sloths, prickly porcupines, and slimy snakes are just a few of the many animals we share our world with. And even though we might not look the same or have the same needs as our animal neighbors, we have more in common with them than we might think. Our Animal Neighbors introduces children to the importance of treating all animals with the care and compassion they deserve. We all want to experience love, safety, and respect and this book is the first step to instilling those values at an early age. This planet is our home, and we should all be free to live a prosperous life regardless of whether we have hands, hooves, scales, or fur. Matthieu Ricard is a French writer, photographer, translator and Buddhist monk. Ricard received a PhD in molecular genetics from the Pasteur Institute in 1972 before departing his native France to study Buddhism in the Himalayas, eventually becoming a monk of the Shechen Tennyi Dargyeling Monastery in Nepal. Renowned also as a photographer and translator, he is the author of numerous previous books, including Altruism: The Power of Compassion to Change Yourself and Your World, Happiness: A Guide to Developing Life’s Most Important Skill, and, with his father, the late Jean-François Revel, The Monk and the Philosopher: A Father and Son Discuss the Meaning of Life. He dedicates all the income of his work to two hundred humanitarian projects run in the Himalaya by the organization he founded, Karuna-Shechen. Mark Molloy is the reviews editor at MAKE: A Literary Magazine. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm

Good Morning Monaco Tuesday, January 26, 2021 published by NEWS.MC Subscribe to our daily email newsletter Monaco pins hopes on rapid vaccine rollout Underlining the central plank of Monaco's strategy to deal with the coronavirus pandemic, HSH Prince Albert visited the new national vaccination centre at the Grimaldi Forum on Monday. Two days of celebration of Patron Saint The celebrations of Saint Dévote, Patron Saint of Monaco, will take place on Tuesday January 26 and Wednesday January 27 January with a series of traditional events. Eleven new coronavirus cases on Monday Monaco recorded 11 new cases of coronavirus among residents on Monday, January 25, together with 19 full recoveries. French vaccine hopes dashed as Pasteur abandons project Hopes that a French pharma could develop and supply a vaccine against coronavirus were dashed on Monday when the Pasteur Institute announced it would abandon development of its principal anti-Covid 19 vaccine. DULY NOTED: Good Morning Monaco will not be publshed on Wednesday, January 27, a national holiday in the Principality. Copyright © 2020 NEWS SARL. All rights reserved. North East West South (NEWS) SARL. RCI: 20S08518 - NIS: 6312Z21974 --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/monacodailynews/message

Véronique Bawol, the company founder of Cuisine Elégante, was introduced to classic French cooking at an early age in her family's kitchen. She was especially inspired by her grandmother who worked as the personal cook for Jacques Tréfouël, head of the Pasteur Institute.  She started taking classes at Le Cordon Bleu in London, where she lived for four years. Given her background, she is well versed in classic French dishes and loves creating modern variations.  Véronique is married to an American and fluent in English. Her family life and international community provide her with a deep understanding of the culinary experiences sought after by visitors to Paris. Cuisine Elégante caters events for the American Church, American Friends of Musée d'Orsay, members of the American Embassy and teaches classes to the American Women's Group in Paris, who honored her as “Woman of the Year” twice for her efforts.Whether it's creating a special family dinner, catering an unforgettable cocktail party, or designing a unique market tour, Cuisine Elégante can provide unforgettable experiences that will deepen one's love for French cuisine, culture, and Paris.https://cuisineelegantefr.com/Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/join/Laviecreative)

Branding is much more than a logo, color palette, and related collateral. An effective brand is one that resonates deeply with the ethos of your organization and your mission, and that delivers reputation, social impact, partnerships, sales and plays a key part in the formation of an excellent business strategy. To delve deeper into this subject, Alex welcomes Valerie Forgeard to the Virtual Lounge. Known as the founder and director of World Citizen Artists (WCA), Valerie Forgeard lived and traveled abroad for 16 years and has worked with over 100 nationalities. She has led communications at the Big Data United Nations Global Platform, represented exclusive brands in the corporate world — LVMH, Issey Miyake, Alberta Ferretti, SAP, and Hewlett Packard Enterprise — and fulfilled several fundraising missions for Amnesty International, Pasteur Institute, and the Marie Curie Institute. Learn more at her website: https://www.stunningbrand.com/. GET THE T-SHIRT! Show you're an exclusive member of the Virtual Lounge with this cool tee! Click here! A Little Help? Please take a moment to show your support for the show by leaving a starred review on Apple Podcasts. Your review will help us attract more listeners and sponsors to keep it going. Here's how: https://digitalhealthtoday.com/support/how-to-review-itunes/ Here's the link to our show: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/pr-after-hours/id1496015627 Follow us on Twitter: @HoursPR Listen to our entire first season of episodes and more on the show website: PRAfterHours.com. PR After Hours Theme: https://filmmusic.io "Bossa Antigua" by Kevin MacLeod (https://incompetech.com) License: CC. Sound effects. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/alex-greenwood1/message

In this episode Annie and Elyse talk about the long history of vaccines and how Louis Pasteur made tremendous contributions to the field. We also talk about the life and career of a simple man who changed the world with science and careful observation. Show Notes for this episode are here: https://joinusinfrance.com/319 The Pasteur Institute in Paris is closed right now, both because of Covid-19 and for renovations. Check their website for updates. Book recommendation: Louis Pasteur by Albert Keim. Annie picked this one because it goes over Pasteur's life in some detail. Go to the Join Us in France YouTube channel to see the hedgehog video. #joinusinfrance #louispasteur #frenchhistory FOLLOW US ON: Email | Facebook | Instagram | Pinterest | Twitter   Support the Show Tip Your Guide Extras Patreon Audio Tours Merchandise Category: French History

When Alexandre Yersin discovered one of the most lethal bacteria in human history, the tiny bacillus of the plague that over the centuries had killed tens of millions of people, he earned his place in the history books. Working in a straw hut in Hong Kong, armed with just a microscope, Yersin's methodical mind worked out within just a few days where in human body to look for the plague bacteria. A much bigger and better-equipped Japanese team, competing with Yersin, came away empty-handed. So who was Alexandre Yersin? Why did this pioneering Swiss scientist spend most of his life in Vietnam? And why did it take decades fully to credit Yersin with the discovery of the microorganism that now bears his name, Yersinia pestis? These are some of the questions Bridget Kendall discusses with film director Stephane Kleeb, who made a documentary about Yersin; Professor Maxime Schwartz, medical historian and former director of the Pasteur Institute in France; and Dr. Mary Augusta Brazelton from Cambridge University whose research focuses on medical history of Asia. [Image: Alexandre Yersin in a sailor's uniform, c.1890. Credit: Pascal Deloche/Godong/Universal Images Group via Getty Images]

Subscribe and receive the next podcast in you mailbox Leave us a voice message about this episode In this episode we talk to Maria-Elena Torres-Padilla about how she followed her dreams from Mexico to the Pasteur Institute and then to direct a new institute in Munich.She tells us about how she followed her dream to come to work in Paris She discusses how she chooses scientific questions and which model to work onMaria Elena was always driven by her passion and curiosity which helped her to overcome risks and doubtsShe stresses the importance of attracting and recruiting people who are better than youWe discuss the benefits of moving to different countries and living in different cultures. Maria Elena also comments on diversity awareness and inclusiveness in scienceShe shares her thoughts about ethics, responsible research and leaving an imprintShe admits that she has two paces; one high speed at work and a slower one at home at breakfast time. And she tells us how she deals with stress, tiredness and striking the right personal life balanceMaria Elena mentioned these institutions and resourcesInstitute of Epigenetics and Stem Cells, MunichPasteur Institute, ParisGurdon Institute, CambridgeInstitut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC)The European LifeTime InitiativeImproving European healthcare (Nature, September 2020)Maria Elena at the World Economic Forum “Moving beyond genes with epigenetics”“Shaping the Future of Science”To find out more about Maria Elena visit her website or follow her on Twitterhttps://www.helmholtz-muenchen.de/ies/about-us/people/staff-detail/ma/4842/-Torres-Padilla/index.htmlTo find out more aboutRenaud :TwitterLinkedInJonathan :TwitterLinkedIn To learn more about the soundtrack :Music by Amaria - Lovely Swindlerhttps://soundcloud.com/amariamusique/https://twitter.com/amariamusique

Podcast: The Science Hour (LS 53 · TOP 0.5% what is this?)Episode: Covid- 19 – Good news on immunityPub date: 2020-11-22Tests on patients for up to 8 months following their infection with SARS- CoV-2 suggests an immune response can persist. Alessandro Sette and Daniela Weiskopf at the La Jolla Institute in California are optimistic this could mean vaccines would also confer long lasting immunity. An analysis of samples from Kenya's blood banks by Sophie Uyoga at the KEMRI-Wellcome Research Programme reveals far more people in Kenya contracted the virus than was previously know. The figures mean Kenya has similar levels of infection to many European countries. And a study of mosquitoes by Louis Lambrechts of the Pasteur Institute in Paris reveals why Zika, a virus originating in Africa is much more prevalent in other parts of the world. We also look at the future of the Nile. Ethiopia is building a massive Dam which will have consequences for Sudan and Egypt who are reliant on the Nile's waters says hydrologist Hisham Eldardiry from the University of Washington, Seattle. Every year, Western Afghanistan is hit with a fierce 120-day wind, and listener Hamid wants to know what causes this phenomenon? He's from the city of Herat, where what starts as a gentle breeze in the morning can pick up to become a dangerous gale just a few hours later, devastating buildings and causing power outages. The BBC's Abdullah Elham in Kabul tells us the country has plenty of other ‘friendly' wind but this one is considered ‘fierce'. CrowdScience talks to Professor Amir Aghakouchak to discover more about the phenomenon, and learns about the pollution problems Herat's summer storm causes in neighbouring Iran. But it's not all bad news. Professor Lorraine Remer explains how NASA used satellites to map how wind transport Saharan sand almost half way round the world, fertilising the Amazon rainforest. [IMAGE CREDIT: Getty Images]The podcast and artwork embedded on this page are from BBC World Service, which is the property of its owner and not affiliated with or endorsed by Listen Notes, Inc.

Tests on patients for up to 8 months following their infection with SARS- CoV-2 suggests an immune response can persist. Alessandro Sette and Daniela Weiskopf at the La Jolla Institute in California are optimistic this could mean vaccines would also confer long lasting immunity. An analysis of samples from Kenya’s blood banks by Sophie Uyoga at the KEMRI-Wellcome Research Programme reveals far more people in Kenya contracted the virus than was previously know. The figures mean Kenya has similar levels of infection to many European countries. And a study of mosquitoes by Louis Lambrechts of the Pasteur Institute in Paris reveals why Zika, a virus originating in Africa is much more prevalent in other parts of the world. We also look at the future of the Nile. Ethiopia is building a massive Dam which will have consequences for Sudan and Egypt who are reliant on the Nile’s waters says hydrologist Hisham Eldardiry from the University of Washington, Seattle. Every year, Western Afghanistan is hit with a fierce 120-day wind, and listener Hamid wants to know what causes this phenomenon? He’s from the city of Herat, where what starts as a gentle breeze in the morning can pick up to become a dangerous gale just a few hours later, devastating buildings and causing power outages. The BBC’s Abdullah Elham in Kabul tells us the country has plenty of other ‘friendly’ wind but this one is considered ‘fierce’. CrowdScience talks to Professor Amir Aghakouchak to discover more about the phenomenon, and learns about the pollution problems Herat’s summer storm causes in neighbouring Iran. But it’s not all bad news. Professor Lorraine Remer explains how NASA used satellites to map how wind transport Saharan sand almost half way round the world, fertilising the Amazon rainforest. [IMAGE CREDIT: Getty Images]

Tests on patients for up to 8 months following their infection with SARS- CoV-2 suggests an immune response can persist. Alessandro Sette and Daniela Weiskopf at the La Jolla Institute in California are optimistic this could mean vaccines would also confer long lasting immunity. An analysis of samples from Kenya’s blood banks by Sophie Uyoga at the KEMRI-Wellcome Research Programme reveals far more people in Kenya contracted the virus than was previously know. The figures mean Kenya has similar levels of infection to many European countries. And a study of mosquitoes by Louis Lambrechts of the Pasteur Institute in Paris reveals why Zika, a virus originating in Africa is much more prevalent in other parts of the world. We also look at the future of the Nile. Ethiopia is building a massive Dam which will have consequences for Sudan and Egypt who are reliant on the Nile’s waters says hydrologist Hisham Eldardiry from the University of Washington, Seattle. (Image: Credit: Getty Images) Presenter: Roland Pease Producer: Julian Siddle

Doctors in Tunisia will issue recovery certificates for cured COVID-19 patients so that they can resume work. This is according to the director general of the Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Hechmi Louzir. During a press conference, Louzir clarified that recovered cases of the coronavirus will no longer be required to carry out another test to resume work. The health official noted that scientific studies have shown that in 10 days after the first positive test result, an asymptomatic case is completely cured and is no longer contaminating. He added that for symptomatic cases, three days after the disappearance of the symptoms, mainly fever, the subject is completely cured. Tunisian Health Ministry on Wednesday reported 2,312 new COVID-19 cases, raising the total number of infections to 24,542 with 364 deaths in the country. --- This episode is sponsored by · Afrolit Podcast: Hosted by Ekua PM, Afrolit shares the stories of multi-faceted Africans one episode at a time. https://open.spotify.com/show/2nJxiiYRyfMQlDEXXpzlZS?si=mmgODX3NQ-yfQvR0JRH-WA Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/newscast-africa/support

The “War on Cancer” was declared on December 23, 1971. On that day, President Richard Nixon signed into law the National Cancer Act, which allocated $1.5 billion for cancer research over the course of three years. Although the legislation never mentioned the word “war,” Nixon declared: “The same kind of concentrated effort that split the atom and took man to the moon should be turned toward conquering this dread disease.” The public is craving natural solutions that are effective yet affordable. Nearly half of patients with cancer reported that they started taking dietary supplements after being given a diagnosis of cancer10 and 58 percent of individuals who consume dietary supplements report they do so for the prevention or treatment of cancer. In 1951, Sylvie Beljanski's father, Mirko Beljanski, PhD, a biologist-biochemist, joined the famous Pasteur Institute in Paris, France. Convinced that there was value in a different approach to cancer, he started to entirely rethink the origin of the disease. As he tested his revolutionary theory, he went on to develop natural molecules able to selectively block cancerous cell multiplication without killing healthy cells. When he began to accumulate scientific evidence and publish his results, he ran into major opposition. The conventional oncology community ostracized him, de- spite the fact that his theories on cancer treatment were aimed at complementing chemotherapy and radiation, not replacing them. That did not prevent Francois Mitterrand in 1992, then President of France, to turn to Beljanski's plant extracts during his battle with advanced prostate cancer. What happened next started off Sylvie Beljanski's own journey. Valeria interviews Sylvie Beljanski the author of Winning the War on Cancer: The Epic Journey Towards a Natural Cure. Sylvie Beljanski was born in New York City after her father, Mirko Beljanski, PhD came to New York to pursue a two-year fellowship with Nobel Prize winner, Severo Ochoa, known for his DNA research on living cells. Raised and educated in Paris, she attended The Sorbonne, where she received her law degree, and was admitted to the French Bar. In 1996, Ms. Beljanski founded Natural Source International, Ltd., a company that brings together science and nature to create innovative natural/organic health and beauty products. These well-known products are now used around the world. In 1999, Ms. Beljanski founded The Beljanski Foundation, a registered non-profit, whose mission is to further Dr. Beljanski's research within a network of high-profile research institutions. Since then, she has been serving as Vice President of the Foundation, relentlessly spreading the word and educating the public about the effects of environmental toxics on our health. Ms. Beljanski is a sought-after speaker at health and wellness conferences globally, where she has educated thousands of people about the importance of detoxification as a defense against harmful toxins that can cause serious disease and infections. She recommends The Beljanski Approach to Wellness as a practical means to avoid environmental toxins, remove them, and repair the cellular process.   To learn more about Sylvie Beljanski please visit her website: thebeljanskiblog.com and www.thebeljanskiblog.com For Intro-free episodes: https://www.patreon.com/aquestforwellbeingpodcast Podcast Page: https://fitforjoy.org/podcast     ** Bio intro and outro one by Heidi Lynn Peters. 

As the world started shutting down in mid-March, the head of the World Health Organization, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, sent out a simple message to countries: “Test, test, test.”“You cannot fight a fire blindfolded,” he added.But producing a quick, reliable and affordable test for the new coronavirus hasn’t been easy. In Africa, there are currently around 50,000 confirmed cases of the coronavirus, though experts suspect that number to be vastly underreported due to lack of widespread testing.Related: Coronavirus lockdown: A tale of two South AfricasEnter one team of researchers in Senegal that is working on a solution for the entire continent.“The purpose is to serve all countries in Africa,” said Dr. Amadou Sall, the head of the Pasteur Institute in Dakar.Sall and his team are working in partnership with a British biotech company called Mologic to develop a 10-minute rapid detection test kit that could be available by early June.Together, the Pasteur Institute and Mologic are working on two kinds of tests; a saliva swab for people who think they’re infected, and a finger prick for people who want to know if they’ve had previous exposure to the virus.It will be sold at cost price, which is about a dollar, thanks to grant support from the government of the United Kingdom and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. And the entire test — results included — can be done at home. No need for a lab with fancy equipment.Related: Lebanon protests called out corruption. Now it’s about survival. “In an African context, where you need to reach a remote population and a lab is not well-equipped, this is a huge advantage.”Dr. Amadou Sall, Pasteur Institute“In an African context, where you need to reach a remote population and a lab is not well-equipped, this is a huge advantage,” Sall said.Reaching remote, rural populations is one of the biggest challenges to achieving widespread testing in Africa. About 60% of sub-Saharan Africa is rural.Once approved for manufacturing, the test kits will be made at a newly built facility in Dakar. According to Sall, it could produce up to 4 million test kits a year.For Michel Yao, the director for emergency response at WHO Africa, having a test that can be manufactured in Africa solves another important hurdle: market access.“African countries have less access to the global market because these items are mainly manufactured in developed countries,” Yao said.Related: Mexico faces US pressure to reopen American factories amid coronavirusThat’s why he says having a local production line could be a game-changer.But there’s a third layer of challenges to achieving widespread testing in Africa: fear and suspicion.Bronwyn Bruton works with the Africa Center at the Atlantic Council in Washington, DC. She says that in many countries, government trust is low, trickling all the way down to the public health sector. She points out reactions to the recent Ebola outbreak.“There have often been cases of communities attacking health care workers who try to administer vaccines and testing because they fear that these people are there deliberately [trying to] spread disease.” Bronwyn Bruton, Africa Center at the Atlantic Council “There have often been cases of communities attacking health care workers who try to administer vaccines and testing because they fear that these people are there deliberately [trying to] spread disease,” she said.Another factor that goes hand in hand with fear is stigma.“We saw this with the HIV/AIDS epidemic. A lot of people who tested positive for the disease are stigmatized,” Bruton said.Related: Is Vietnam the coronavirus-fighting champ of the world?Last month, a group of people in the Ivory Coast’s capital Abidjan burned down a COVID-19 testing facility over fears that the center could become a vector for the disease, spreading it to the neighboring community. How countries grapple with stigma, Bruton says, will take more than a solid test.“It’s a tremendous societal challenge, and to be completely fair, this is something that’s hardly restricted to Africa,” she said. “If you read the paper in the US, you’ll see reports of terrible xenophobic attacks on people of Asian origin. In Africa, people are no different, and there is some basis for fear when you’re talking about the coronavirus because it is highly contagious.”Sall, for his part, says he’s focused on the immediate task in front of him — producing a solid at-home test that can be distributed to as many people as possible.“We’re in it now,” he said. And once you’re in it, all you can do is fight. 

The three of us are back to bring you the latest from Europe. We're saddened by the (not so surprising) news that QED 2020 is now postponed to 2021, but whenever it is, we are looking forward to it. In the meantime check out Christian Lehmann's series of guest posts on Edzard Ernst's blog about the hydroxychloroquine controversy. Jelena tells us the story of an alleged alien abduction in Poland more than 40 years ago, now commemorated with a stone memorial. Pontus delves into the question of whether Pope Pius XII was indeed "Hitler's Pope" and then a selection of news from Europe: - A scientist in the UK allegedly dies in a COVID-19 trial - Follow-up on David Icke's YouTube channel - now suspended - Countries faced with challenges in immunization programs while in lockdown - Spanish beach sprayed with bleach to prevent coronavirus infections - A patent from the Pasteur Institute that does NOT prove the alleged artificial origin of SARS-CoV-2 - The Heinz Oberhummer Award goes to German science populariser Mai Thai Nguyen-Kim - German High Court rules that doctors can not selectively get rid of bad ratings - Logical fallacies in easy-to-share format on ARP-SAPC's website This week's Really Right Prize is given to the NHS UK for an excellent information page about homeopathy. Enjoy!

East Coast Radio — Hundreds of South African health workers were given a century-old tuberculosis vaccine yesterday in a trial to see whether the venerable formula can protect against coronavirus. Devised at France's legendary Pasteur Institute 100 years ago, the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is one of the world's oldest and most trusted immunisations.

Join us for a special episode about autism with special guest, Richard Williams, PhD.In this episode of Mentorships in Education, we welcome Richard Williams, PhD., a molecular biologist and Autism researcher/writer. Mentorships in Education is brought to you by Just Education, LLC and is hosted by Judith Epstein. Judith has a Master's degree in Education with a concentration in Language Acquisition. She is certified in special education with post-graduate coursework and professional development in Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Social Thinking, and Collaborative & Proactive Solutions and Acceptance and Commitment therapy (ACT). Judith created Just Education, LLC to compile a free resource library for mentors of students who struggle on a wide variety of topics that are all related to education and student success.About Richard Williams, PhD.Richard O. Williams has a Ph.D., from the University of California, Berkeley, and a M.S., from George Washington University, Washington DC. He spent 20 years in the medical sciences in academia, doing research and teaching at the University of London, the Pasteur Institute, Paris, France, the University of Karlsruhe, Germany and with the World Health Organization in Africa. He also has had a career in business development helping to start small companies. He is author of 85 peer reviewed research articles on the molecular genetics and microbiology of infectious diseases. His interest in the world of autism started with his daughter who was adopted in 1979 from Thailand at the age of two. Following the struggles of dealing with learning disabilities and impatient teachers, Dr Williams began researching the subject of learning disabilities.Connect with Dr. Williams here:Website: Allwaysautistic.comTwitter: @ROWilliams2Facebook: @DRROWILLIAMSLinkedIn: Richard O. Williams, PhDInstagram: drrwilliamsAdditional Reference:The book Bernard Rimland originally published in 1964 is Infantile Autism by Bernard Rimland. He was a psychologist and one of the first people to write on the subject after the original description by Leo Kanner. His interpretation of autism revolutionized our understanding of the condition. A 2nd edition is available on Amazon.Correction:The college mentioned by Dr. Williams as unaccredited in this episode has in fact become accredited. We apologize for the error.CONNECT WITH USEmail Judi: info@justeducationfirst.comOur Website: http://justeducationfirst.comJudi on Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/judith-epstein-30936971

The Latest Malaria News, in 60 Seconds. Researchers from the Pasteur Institute discover molecules that can kill the malaria parasite and researchers from LSTM identify a resistance mechanism for insecticides used on bed nets. More: www.fightmalaria.uk/MalariaMinute

My guest this week is Dr. Mahmoud Ghannoum, a world-renowned microbiome researcher who named the mycobiome and founder of the leading antifungal clinical testing company, Next Trillion Sciences. Dr. Ghannoum lectures extensively across the world on the microbiome from the Pasteur Institute in France to the National Institute of Health (NIH). His work has been published in over 450 peer-reviewed papers and cited over 21,000 times. Dr. Ghannoum has been actively funded by the NIH continuously since 1991 for his work studying the fungal and bacterial communities in our body and has been involved in the development of 95% of the antifungals that have come to market since the 1990s. In this episode, Dr. Ghannoum and I discuss the importance of understanding and balancing good bacteria and fungi for your child's gut microbiome. Assessing gut health in children plays an important role in their overall health, especially for children with behavioral disorders such as ADD, ADHD, and autism. Imbalances in the gut like candida overgrowth can surface in a variety of symptoms such as irritability, hyperactivity, stomach aches, diarrhea, pain, and fatigue. To learn more about balancing your family's gut health and Dr. Ghannoum and his latest book, Total Gut Balance, click here.   Episode Highlights The Good vs. Bad in the Mycobiome Low levels or abundance of candida can help us break down complex molecules and nutrients that we eat like complex carbohydrates Saccharomyces Boulardii or baker's yeast is good yeast in our body that can keep candida under control The candida levels are high and create an overgrowth    Disruptors of Our Fungal Community  Over the counter products such as non-steroidal analgesic or painkillers and antacids  Excessive stress levels Lack of a balanced diet and exercise   Destressors For Kids and Adults Spending time outdoors  Playing in the yard and being exposed to dirt helps diversify the microbiome Taking walks or hikes together as a family Engaging in less screen time activity and more physical outdoor activity   Signs of an Imbalanced Gut Listen to your body Take note of signs of fatigue, pain, diarrhea, stomach issues, etc. If possible, you can have your stool tested to analyze your gut health See Dr. Ghannoum's guide in his new book, Total Gut Balance   Where to learn more about Dr. Ghannoum... Dr. Microbiome Website  Dr. Ghannoum's Publications Total Gut Balance Book Facebook   Connect with Dr. Nicole Beurkens on... Instagram Facebook Drbeurkens.com   Need help with improving your child's behavior naturally?  My book Life Will Get Better is available for purchase, click here to learn more.  Looking for more? Check out my Blog and the Better Behavior Naturally Parent Program - a resource guide for parents who want to be more effective with improving their child's behavior.  Interested in becoming a patient? Contact us here.

A podcast devoted to the wild and wacky world of Mushrooms! Episode 32 is all about the covers ever present mycobiome. We discuss the role of fungi in microbiomes all around us, shedding light on their importance influence on our health. Dr. Ghannoum is joined by his son, Afif, a biotech attorney and CEO of a probiotic supplement company called BIOHM..Mahmoud Ghannoum, who coined the term mycobiome, has published over 450 peer reviewed papers, his work has been cited over 21,000 times in the literature. Washington Post called him “the scientist who is now known as the leading microbiome researcher in the world”. .Dr. Ghannoum lectures across the world on the microbiome, from the Pasteur Institute in France, to the National Institutes of Health. He is also the founder of BIOHM Health, the first company to create probiotics and microbiome tests that address both bacteria and fungi in the gut. He has also been involved in the development of 95% of the antifungals that have come to market since the 1990's. Dr. Ghannoum is  coming out with his first consumer facing book, called Total Gut Balance, and it's all about the fungi in your gut, and how you can optimize your microbiome through balancing your total gut of bacteria and fungi..Afif Ghannoum is a biotech attorney by background and the CEO of BIOHM. He's launched and sold consumer products in over 27,000 stores and licensed IP to companies around the world. He holds several biotech patents, and his work around commercializing innovation has been featured in publications like Forbes and NPR. He's also Dr Ghannoum's son, working to turn his Dad's science into world class consumer products. 

Isaiah has a Ph.D. in Anatomy & Cell Biology and is an internationally recognized Fortune 500 consultant. He is an expert in the biotechnology industry and specializes in helping people transition into cutting-edge career tracks.Isaiah believes that if you feel stuck somewhere in your life right now, you should make a change. Don’t sit still and wait for the world to tell you what to do. Start a new project. Build your own business. Take action. Experimentation is the best teacher.Isaiah did his undergraduate work at Franklin & Marshall College in Pennsylvania and received his Ph.D. in Anatomy and Cell Biology from the University of Iowa. Since graduating, he has been advancing his career in cell biology and business coaching. In the last two years, Isaiah has given over 250 seminars in 20 different countries throughout Europe, New Zealand, Australia and North America.Isaiah has worked with numerous leaders in the biotechnology industry, including Lilly Pharmaceuticals, Leinco Technologies, Orflo Technologies, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Cellerant Therapeutics, Miltenyi Biotec, McCord Research, Expert Cytometry, Tree Star, Amgen, Celgene, Ambrx, BD Biosciences, Baxter Bioscience, Pfizer, Roche, and Genentech. He has also presented at Harvard University, Stanford University, Oxford University, Cambridge University, Cancer Research UK, University of Amsterdam, German Cancer Research Center, Pasteur Institute, Curie Institute, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, University of Tasmania, University of Sydney, University of Western Australia, and many other prestigious institutions.Check out what Isaiah is up to at: https://cheekyscientist.com/

Avrum Bluming received his MD from the Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons. He spent four years as a senior investigator for the National Cancer Institute and for two of those years was director of the Lymphoma Treatment Center in Kampala, Uganda. He organized the first study of lumpectomy for the treatment of breast cancer in Southern California in 1978, and for more than two decades he has been studying the benefits and risks of hormone replacement therapy administered to women with a history of breast cancer. Dr. Bluming has served as a clinical professor of medicine at USC and has been an invited speaker at the Royal College of Physicians in London and the Pasteur Institute in Paris. He was elected to mastership in the American College of Physicians, an honor accorded to only five hundred of the over one hundred thousand board-certified internists in this country. Carol Tavris received her PhD in social psychology from the University of Michigan. Her books include Mistakes Were Made (But Not by Me), with Elliot Aronson; Anger: The Misunderstood Emotion, and The Mismeasure of Woman. She has written articles, op-eds, and book reviews on topics in psychological science for a wide array of publications — including the Los Angeles Times, the New York Times Book Review, the Wall Street Journal, and the TLS — and a column, “The Gadfly,” for Skeptic magazine. She is a fellow of the Association for Psychological Science and has received numerous awards for her efforts to promote gender equality, science, and skepticism. SHOW NOTES: https://sigmanutrition.com/episode279/

The world of global health security has been amassed in headlines over the past few weeks—from the Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo, to the elimination of the Global Health Security Directorate within the White House National Security Council staff. For this episode of Take as Directed, we feature three leading health security experts with substantial frontline experience who discuss the current state of preparedness around the world, gaps and priorities looking ahead, and how to maintain pandemic preparedness as a high-level political priority at times of peace. Beth Cameron, Vice President of Global Biological Policy and Programs at the Nuclear Threat Initiative, serves as our guest host for this discussion, alongside featured guests Amadou Sall, CEO of Pasteur Institute in Dakar, Senegal, and Andrew Kitua, Africa Regional Director of the USAID Preparedness and Response project.

Isaiah Hankel is an internationally recognized speaker and author who helps individuals, teams and organizations develop a more entrepreneurial mindset to accelerate their business success.  Isaiah's unique background allows him to offer a scientific approach and tangible methodology to the pursuit of purpose, focus and other entrepreneurial values that every individual and even the largest company can apply.  Isaiah is a Doctor of Anatomy and Cell Biology and has worked extensively as a Fortune 500 consultant in the biotechnology industry and with some of the world's leading corporations, including Amgen, GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, Roche and Genentech. He has also presented at many of the world's premier academic institutions, including Harvard University, Stanford University, Oxford University, Cambridge University, The Pasteur Institute and The Curie Institute.      

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the life and work of Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) and his extraordinary contribution to medicine and science. It is said few people have saved more lives than Pasteur. A chemist, he showed that otherwise identical molecules could exist as 'left' and 'right-handed' versions and that molecules produced by living things were always left-handed. He proposed a germ theory to replace the idea of spontaneous generation. He discovered that microorganisms cause fermentation and disease. He began the process named after him, pasteurisation, heating liquids to 50-60 C to kill microbes. He saved the beer and wine industries in France when they were struggling with microbial contamination. He saved the French silk industry when he found a way of protecting healthy silkworm eggs from disease. He developed vaccines against anthrax and rabies and helped establish immunology. Many of his ideas were developed further after his lifetime, but one of his legacies was a charitable body, the Pasteur Institute, to continue research into infectious disease. With Andrew Mendelsohn Reader in the School of History at Queen Mary, University of London Anne Hardy Honorary Professor at the Centre for History in Public Health at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and Michael Worboys Emeritus Professor in the History of Science, Technology and Medicine at the University of Manchester Producer: Simon Tillotson.

Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the life and work of Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) and his extraordinary contribution to medicine and science. It is said few people have saved more lives than Pasteur. A chemist, he showed that otherwise identical molecules could exist as 'left' and 'right-handed' versions and that molecules produced by living things were always left-handed. He proposed a germ theory to replace the idea of spontaneous generation. He discovered that microorganisms cause fermentation and disease. He began the process named after him, pasteurisation, heating liquids to 50-60 C to kill microbes. He saved the beer and wine industries in France when they were struggling with microbial contamination. He saved the French silk industry when he found a way of protecting healthy silkworm eggs from disease. He developed vaccines against anthrax and rabies and helped establish immunology. Many of his ideas were developed further after his lifetime, but one of his legacies was a charitable body, the Pasteur Institute, to continue research into infectious disease. With Andrew Mendelsohn Reader in the School of History at Queen Mary, University of London Anne Hardy Honorary Professor at the Centre for History in Public Health at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and Michael Worboys Emeritus Professor in the History of Science, Technology and Medicine at the University of Manchester Producer: Simon Tillotson.

Follow Linda on Social Media @ Chickfitstudio on Facebook Instagram and Twitter and my website is www.chickfit.me Dr. Isaiah Hankel is the best-selling author of “The Black Hole Focus”, and the creator of three multinational businesses and manager of multimillion dollar businesses. Isaiah is a Doctor of Anatomy and Cell Biology and has worked extensively as a Fortune 500 consultant in the biotechnology industry and with some of the world’s leading corporations. He has also presented at many of the world’s premier academic institutions, including Harvard, Stanford, Oxford, and Cambridge University, The Pasteur Institute and The Curie Institute.  I was surprised to learn that Isaiah wasn’t always focused. In fact, He was diagnosed with ADD and ADHD several times growing up. He struggled in college and barely made it into graduate school, where he was put onto academic probation after my first year. Isaiah didn’t come from much either. He grew up in Idaho and worked on a sheep farm. To get by in graduate school, Isaiah slept in a friend’s basement and secretly worked as a janitor.   Isaiah said that learning how to focus on his life changed everything. Less than three years after becoming a doctor, He formed three successful, multinational businesses and started managing a multimillion dollar product line. He became a prolific public speaker and traveled the world over and over again, giving more than 300 seminars in over 30 different countries. Isaiah is the author of the bestselling book, Black Hole Focus, and broke the Facebook World Record for the most shared post ever.   The things that stand out about Isaiah are his wisdom, advice, and quotes that literally slap you awake. Lord knows sometimes we need it. It takes a special kind of person to tell you something in a quote that smacks you right between the eyes. Many times its something you’ve needed to hear your whole life and you are just finally getting it. Almost everything Isaiah teaches you to apply to your life is based on actual science; he is the cheeky scientist after all.   Here are just a few of the brilliant take a ways you will get from this interview   Good people will not come into your life until the negative ones are gone. The type of people to surround yourself with. Why you need to let go of negative people and haters and cut them out of your life. Statistics that show you are more likely to make bad decisions, perform poorly, and become more negative yourself, when you’re surrounded by negativity How to spot fake friends. You are worth of living out your biggest dreams. They are in you for a reason. Attracting the right people to your side. How your mindset can take you higher. Reources: www.Isaiahhankel.com www.blackholefocus.com Follow me at @chickfitstudio on twitter and Instagram, my website www.chickfit.me or The Sisterhood of SWEAT, The Chickfit Studio on facebook  

with Anne Marie Moulinhosted by Chris GratienDownload the podcastFeed | iTunes | GooglePlay | SoundCloudDuring the late 19th century, Louis Pasteur and his disciples promoted a laboratory-based study of disease and contagion that led to what many call "the bacteriological turn" and reshaped public health in France and beyond. In this episode, we sit down with doctor, philosopher, and historian Anne Marie Moulin to talk about the history of the Pastorians and the early establishment of Pasteur Institutes in the Ottoman Empire and North Africa. We explore the role of the Ottoman Empire in the creation of the Pasteur Institutes and their global network, and we consider the relationship between medicine and religion, politics, and colonialism in North Africa and the Middle East.« Click for More »

Groundbreaking Research in Environmental Medicine Shows Promising Results Using natural means of managing and maintaining good health is a basic human right. Yet in the United States, big pharma companies and politicians block that freedom. The fallout is a disconnect from a wealth of medicinal resources rooted in our natural environment. And the unfortunate upshot is an overabundance of poor health that shortens American lives. Increasingly, patients want information about – and access to – natural treatment options. But a significant body of sound, scientific research and treatment currently is blocked by bureaucracy and legislation. Sylvie Beljanski is on a mission to change that. Her passion stems from groundbreaking research on environmental medicine by her late father, renowned biochemist Mirko Beljanski. His early findings at the Pasteur Institute in France focused on the healing power of botanical extracts. The most famous recipient of this approach was President Francois Mitterrand. Diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer soon after his first election win in 1981, Mitterrand kept his illness secret for more than a decade. Eventually, following grueling and ineffective chemotherapy and radiation treatments, Mitterrand acknowledged his illness and turned to plant-based therapy. He defied all conventional doctors’ expectations, serving two terms in office – the longest tenure of any French President. He lived eight months into retirement before his death in 1996. Despite intense controversy within the established medical community, leading researchers around the world took notice. If botanical extracts could improve outcomes of prostate cancer patients, what about the really tough cases? Could these treatments – in combination with other medicines – be effective in combatting super-aggressive diseases, such as ovarian or pancreatic cancers? High-profile, peer-reviewed studies show promising results. Today, through her work at the non-profit Beljanski Foundation, Sylvie continues her family legacy. Collaborating with top-tier researchers at Columbia University Medical Center and the University of Kansas Medical Center, she raises awareness about effective, evidence-based botanical treatments – and fights to TURN THE TIDE on legislation that blocks information on accessibility and use. Sylvie joins Late Night Health for a lively discussion on plant-based foods and medicine. She encourages listeners to write to Support the efforts of U.S. Congressman Jason Chaffetz who is backing H.R. 1364 – the House Bill Free Speech About Science Act. air date: 9/2/16

Groundbreaking Research in Environmental Medicine Shows Promising Results Using natural means of managing and maintaining good health is a basic human right. Yet in the United States, big pharma companies and politicians block that freedom. The fallout is a disconnect from a wealth of medicinal resources rooted in our natural environment. And the unfortunate upshot is an overabundance of poor health that shortens American lives. Increasingly, patients want information about – and access to – natural treatment options. But a significant body of sound, scientific research and treatment currently is blocked by bureaucracy and legislation. Sylvie Beljanski is on a mission to change that. Her passion stems from groundbreaking research on environmental medicine by her late father, renowned biochemist Mirko Beljanski. His early findings at the Pasteur Institute in France focused on the healing power of botanical extracts. The most famous recipient of this approach was President Francois Mitterrand. Diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer soon after his first election win in 1981, Mitterrand kept his illness secret for more than a decade. Eventually, following grueling and ineffective chemotherapy and radiation treatments, Mitterrand acknowledged his illness and turned to plant-based therapy. He defied all conventional doctors’ expectations, serving two terms in office – the longest tenure of any French President. He lived eight months into retirement before his death in 1996. Despite intense controversy within the established medical community, leading researchers around the world took notice. If botanical extracts could improve outcomes of prostate cancer patients, what about the really tough cases? Could these treatments – in combination with other medicines – be effective in combatting super-aggressive diseases, such as ovarian or pancreatic cancers? High-profile, peer-reviewed studies show promising results. Today, through her work at the non-profit Beljanski Foundation, Sylvie continues her family legacy. Collaborating with top-tier researchers at Columbia University Medical Center and the University of Kansas Medical Center, she raises awareness about effective, evidence-based botanical treatments – and fights to TURN THE TIDE on legislation that blocks information on accessibility and use. Sylvie joins Late Night Health for a lively discussion on plant-based foods and medicine. She encourages listeners to write to Support the efforts of U.S. Congressman Jason Chaffetz who is backing H.R. 1364 – the House Bill Free Speech About Science Act. air date: 9/2/16

Groundbreaking Research in Environmental Medicine Shows Promising Results Using natural means of managing and maintaining good health is a basic human right. Yet in the United States, big pharma companies and politicians block that freedom. The fallout is a disconnect from a wealth of medicinal resources rooted in our natural environment. And the unfortunate upshot is an overabundance of poor health that shortens American lives.Increasingly, patients want information about – and access to – natural treatment options. But a significant body of sound, scientific research and treatment currently is blocked by bureaucracy and legislation.Sylvie Beljanski is on a mission to change that. Her passion stems from groundbreaking research on environmental medicine by her late father, renowned biochemist Mirko Beljanski. His early findings at the Pasteur Institute in France focused on the healing power of botanical extracts.The most famous recipient of this approach was President Francois Mitterrand. Diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer soon after his first election win in 1981, Mitterrand kept his illness secret for more than a decade. Eventually, following grueling and ineffective chemotherapy and radiation treatments, Mitterrand acknowledged his illness and turned to plant-based therapy. He defied all conventional doctors’ expectations, serving two terms in office – the longest tenure of any French President. He lived eight months into retirement before his death in 1996.Despite intense controversy within the established medical community, leading researchers around the world took notice. If botanical extracts could improve outcomes of prostate cancer patients, what about the really tough cases? Could these treatments – in combination with other medicines – be effective in combatting super-aggressive diseases, such as ovarian or pancreatic cancers? High-profile, peer-reviewed studies show promising results.Today, through her work at the non-profit Beljanski Foundation, Sylvie continues her family legacy. Collaborating with top-tier researchers at Columbia University Medical Center and the University of Kansas Medical Center, she raises awareness about effective, evidence-based botanical treatments – and fights to TURN THE TIDE on legislation that blocks information on accessibility and use.Sylvie joins Late Night Health for a lively discussion on plant-based foods and medicine. She encourages listeners to write to Support the efforts of U.S. Congressman Jason Chaffetz who is backingH.R. 1364 – the House Bill Free Speech About Science Act.air date: 9/2/16

Groundbreaking Research in Environmental Medicine Shows Promising Results Using natural means of managing and maintaining good health is a basic human right. Yet in the United States, big pharma companies and politicians block that freedom. The fallout is a disconnect from a wealth of medicinal resources rooted in our natural environment. And the unfortunate upshot is an overabundance of poor health that shortens American lives.Increasingly, patients want information about – and access to – natural treatment options. But a significant body of sound, scientific research and treatment currently is blocked by bureaucracy and legislation.Sylvie Beljanski is on a mission to change that. Her passion stems from groundbreaking research on environmental medicine by her late father, renowned biochemist Mirko Beljanski. His early findings at the Pasteur Institute in France focused on the healing power of botanical extracts.The most famous recipient of this approach was President Francois Mitterrand. Diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer soon after his first election win in 1981, Mitterrand kept his illness secret for more than a decade. Eventually, following grueling and ineffective chemotherapy and radiation treatments, Mitterrand acknowledged his illness and turned to plant-based therapy. He defied all conventional doctors’ expectations, serving two terms in office – the longest tenure of any French President. He lived eight months into retirement before his death in 1996.Despite intense controversy within the established medical community, leading researchers around the world took notice. If botanical extracts could improve outcomes of prostate cancer patients, what about the really tough cases? Could these treatments – in combination with other medicines – be effective in combatting super-aggressive diseases, such as ovarian or pancreatic cancers? High-profile, peer-reviewed studies show promising results.Today, through her work at the non-profit Beljanski Foundation, Sylvie continues her family legacy. Collaborating with top-tier researchers at Columbia University Medical Center and the University of Kansas Medical Center, she raises awareness about effective, evidence-based botanical treatments – and fights to TURN THE TIDE on legislation that blocks information on accessibility and use.Sylvie joins Late Night Health for a lively discussion on plant-based foods and medicine. She encourages listeners to write to Support the efforts of U.S. Congressman Jason Chaffetz who is backingH.R. 1364 – the House Bill Free Speech About Science Act.air date: 9/2/16

When Lee Herzenberg remembers the day her son Michael was born, she laughs and calls it a “cool birth.” Her obstetrician was a friend, and she describes it almost like a party -- “a little bit painful, but that you forget very quickly.” Lee even got a kick out of the fact that a resident learned to do an episiotomy on her. It was November 1961, and she was at the newly christened Palo Alto-Stanford Hospital Center; her husband Len was a biology professor on campus. Like most fathers at the time, he didn’t attend the birth -- which meant he wasn’t there when their new child, Michael, started turning blue. The nurses whisked the newborn off to the nursery without telling Lee anything was wrong. It was then that a doctor noticed the characteristic features of Down syndrome: floppy muscles, eyes that slanted upward. They got Michael breathing again, but doctors thought his prognosis was grim. They gave Michael just a few months to live. A daisy chain of physicians was called, and Lee says it was a pediatrics professor who told her husband what had happened. Then Len was dispatched to tell Lee. She remembers the moment with uncharacteristic emotion. “We hugged each other, and it was a terrible conversation to realize that you’d lost the baby, but the baby was lost,” Lee says now. “We knew immediately what we’d do – we had already made the decision that it was not a good thing to take the baby home, and so we didn’t.” In the 1960’s -- an era before neurodiversity movements and early intervention programs -- many people still called people with Down Syndrome “mongoloids.” Playwright Arthur Miller institutionalized his son, Daniel, in 1966; a few years later, an article in The Atlantic Monthly argued that “a Down’s is not a person.” Lee and Len Herzenberg had seen friends struggle with the birth of a child with Down syndrome and even gone with a colleague to an institution, where he dropped off his own infant daughter. So, they made a choice: Michael would never come home. But Michael wasn’t lost. Michael’s birth sparked their search for a blood test that has revolutionized prenatal care in this country. Lee Herzenberg with her son, Michael. (Mary Harris) --- I made the mistake of telling one scientist I was reporting about “Len Herzenberg’s lab.” He corrected me instantly: “Len and Lee’s lab”. Because Lee Herzenberg was “leaning in” decades before Sheryl Sandberg coined the phrase. At 81, Lee, a professor of genetics, is still running the lab she and her husband founded more than 50 years ago. Len died in 2013. The lab is a quirky place, even by Stanford standards. Lee rarely sits on chairs, preferring cushions on the floor. She’s often accompanied by her bichon frise, Gigi. Researchers can often be found working in this basement office well into the night. But Lee Herzenberg isn’t just quirky: she’s one of the few -- possibly the only -- professor at Stanford never to have officially graduated from college. Instead, she trained by her husband’s side, auditing courses while he got his Ph.D. at Cal Tech (women weren’t allowed to attend at the time), and working at his labs at the Pasteur Institute in Paris and the NIH. And the science that’s done here has changed the course of medicine. The Herzenbergs are best known as the creators of the modern-day fluorescence-activated flow cytometer, or FACS. It was a machine born out of frustration: Len couldn’t stand squinting down a microscope looking at cells. Before the FACS, a biologist looking at slides could feel like he was playing a really intense round of “Where’s Waldo”, staring at crowds of all kinds of cells, trying to pinpoint the exact one he was looking for. Not only was it annoying, Len Herzenberg worried it wasn’t particularly scientific. He wanted a way to find and describe cells that didn’t rely on his worn out eyes. The FACS was used to diagnose AIDS - because it can quickly and easily sort out T-cells. The FACS was used to find the first stem cells. When Len Herzenberg died, one colleague told The New York Times that “without Len, tens of thousands of people now alive would not be.” But in the 1970s, the Herzenbergs were still proving the value of this machine. That’s when they started thinking about using it to create a blood test for Down syndrome. Len Herzenberg had seen research from Finland claiming it was possible to see a fetus’ cells in a mother’s blood. It was hard to believe. But he knew that the FACS, with its nearly magical sorting capabilities, could figure it out. So he took on a medical student named Diana Bianchi as a research associate and made sorting out these cells her project. If they isolate these cells, he could know a lot about the developing fetus, including whether the fetus had chromosomal abnormalities. “They had a very personal reason for doing this, because of their son, Michael,” Bianchi says now. “They wanted to have a test that could be offered to any pregnant woman – that would be noninvasive and would allow them to know if child had Down syndrome. The first step, however, was to show that you could pull out fetal cells.” Scientists now estimate that for every 200 billion cells in a mother’s bloodstream - about 10 of those are fetal cells. Bianchi was one of the first people to see them. The New York Times quoted Len Herzenberg saying it was a “first step” towards a blood test for Down syndrome for all pregnant women. But it would take thirty years for a practical test to become a reality. As it turned out, Len Herzenberg's FACS wasn't the right tool for prenatal diagnosis. There weren’t very many fetal cells to be sorted, and if a pregnant woman already had children, scientists couldn’t be sure if the cells in her blood came from the current fetus or one of her older kids. But in 2008, Len helped ensure the right tool was found. A researcher named Stephen Quake had discovered a way to sequence chunks of fetal DNA floating in expectant mothers' blood. As a member of the National Academy of Sciences, Len made sure the paper was published in the academy's journal. Another researcher, Dennis Lo, confirmed Quake’s findings. Three years later, the tests were on the market. Now, at just 10 weeks into a pregnancy, a whole range of things can be revealed with this test. Not just Down syndrome, but a host of other chromosomal abnormalities as well as the sex of the child to be. Until this test, doctors had to rely on amniocentesis, an invasive procedure that involves-- inserting a needle in the womb to sample amniotic fluid, or biopsying the placenta -- to tell them with any reliability whether a fetus had a chromosomal abnormality. These tests aren’t just uncomfortable, they come with a risk of miscarriage. By some estimates, in the last five years the number of these procedures performed in this country have plummeted by more than 50 percent. To some parents, this knowledge can be alarming. Advocates in Ohio are trying to pass a law preventing abortions if Down syndrome is the reason (North Dakota and Indiana have already passed similar laws). Lee Herzenberg is honest about what she would have done if she’d known early on in her pregnancy that Michael had Down syndrome. “I’d say if I had the choice of not pushing Michael into this life – if I at that time would know I was carrying a Down syndrome child -- I would have aborted the child,” she says. “I see no reason Michael has to live the life he leads. The fact that we’ve made it very happy for him or that he’s made it very happy for us -- all of that is adapting to a situation, but I don’t think it’s fair or proper.” But Lee Herzenberg is alarmed that these tests are now being used to determine the sex of unborn babies. She worries about parents choosing to abort girls. -- Diana Bianchi, that medical student from the Herzenberg lab, is now a professor at Tufts, where she founded the Mother Infant Research Institute. She’s still working in prenatal testing. In fact, perfecting these tests has become her life’s work. But her focus has shifted. Now that she can detect Down syndrome so early, she wants to treat it early, too: in the womb. Because finding this chromosomal abnormality at 10 weeks means there’s a window of opportunity: The brain changes associated with Down syndrome don’t occur until a month or so later. Theoretically, you could treat a fetus before some brain changes occur at all. Bianchi’s work is still early. She’s experimenting with mice, giving them existing drugs in utero to see if she can forestall brain damage.   There’s an often-quoted statistic, that 90 percent of parents who find out that their fetus has Down syndrome will abort. But that statistic is from a study done in the United Kingdom. In the US, far fewer women terminate.   “We have to unpack this connection between prenatal testing and abortion,” she says. “We have good data to suggest that approximately 40 plus percent of women who know their fetus has Down syndrome continue their pregnancy. There are many women who speak very highly of the fact that this allows them to prepare.” -- The photos that Michael keeps in his room. (Mary Harris) The Down syndrome baby who kicked off the search for this blood test is now a 54-year-old man. He lives in a squat house in Redwood City, Calif., just a 30 minute drive from his birth mother’s home. For years, Michael lived with a local woman named Barbara Jennings, who raised a number of children with developmental challenges. The Herzenberg’s pediatrician helped them find her when Michael was a newborn. The Herzenbergs would visit Michael every month or so, but they never felt they should bring him home. When Barbara died, Michael moved to this group home. It’s hard to know how much Michael understands when I talked to him, though he’s learned to read and use a cell phone. And he’s stubborn. A lot like his mother, actually. “Michael has the hardest head in the whole world,” says Janet Thomas, the caretaker who runs this house. “He does whatever he wants to do. He does not care whatever you say. He’s going to do whatever it is he wants to do -- that’s Michael.” I asked Lee if she ever regretted not raising Michael, and she said no.  “It was a decision that was selfish if you like, because we had things we wanted to do.  In retrospect, a lot of things would never have gotten done. There would be no FACS had we decided to do this. Because it would have been a very intensive kind of upbringing.” As for Michael, he clearly loves his mother, no matter what she decided. In Michael’s room, there are photos on almost every surface, with snapshots of his biological and adopted families. In the corner is a huge poster of his father, celebrating when he won the Kyoto Prize for his contributions to biotechnology. And deep in one album, there’s a picture of Len and Lee together. The caption reads “Michael’s other mom + dad.”

    Please visit the MMTP Website. Former researcher in biogerontology at UCLA, Inserm and the Pasteur Institute, where he contributed to lifespan tests in C. elegans and mice and organised clinical trials, Edouard is today one of the directors of the International Longevity Alliance (ILA). Since 2001 he has asserted human healthspan can be rapidly extended once large scale rodent lifespan tests, massive health data analysis and agile human trials are collectively set up. Since 2012 he is gradually but firmly building that pipeline with the help of the ILA.

Bill Henderson interviews Dr. L. Stephen Coles, M.D., Ph.D. about his book, Extraordinary Healing, on a unique natural substance for healing cancer. The book covers the work of Dr. Mirko Beljanski, Ph.D., who began researching cellular biology at the Pasteur Institute in Paris in the late 50′s. His discovery of what is called “reverse transcription” within the cell is … Read more about this episode...

The Centre for Entrepreneurial Learning (CfEL) talked to Dr Helen Lee, Director of Research, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and Founder Diagnostics for the Real World about her very considerable experiences in diagnostics, founding companies, and the need to develop usable products for people in the developing world. Helen received her PhD from Cornell University and MSc from Oxford University. After post-doctoral training at Churchill Hospital in Oxford, the University of Geneva and St Louis Hospital in Paris, she began her career in diagnostics at the Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine in Paris where she was responsible for developing monoclonal blood typing reagents, the first widely used liquid blood typing reagents in Paris. Another major accomplishment of her group was one of the first monoclonal antibody based assays for hepatitis B surface antigen, which was subsequently licensed to the Pasteur Institute as the MONLISA HBsAg assay and is still on the market today. She then joined Abbott Laboratories to be responsible for Research & Development, and was promoted to General Manager of the Probe Diagnostics Business Unit where she managed over 100 people and an annual budget of >$20 million. She was also responsible for production of instruments as well as chemistry, marketing, quality and regulatory affairs of the product line. After leaving Abbott she founded a biotech company, Sentinel Biosciences Inc. in Palo Alto, CA, developing technologies for virus discovery. The company was successfully sold to one of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies. In 1996, she left industry for the University of Cambridge in order to focus on the development of technology and diagnostic assay for resource-poor settings. To commercialise the technologies developed at Cambridge, she founded the spin off company, Diagnostics for the Real World Ltd (DRW), in 2002. Awards: Dr Lee chaired the Diagnostic Steering Committee at the World Health Organization (WHO). She is the recipient of the 2005 Lord Lloyd Kilgerran Award, the 2006 British Female Inventor in Industry Award, the 2006 European Women of Achievement Award and the 2007 Asian Women of Achievement Award (presentation as pdf). The products and technologies developed by DDU scientists received the Medical Futures Innovation Award (UK) for its innovative sample collection device and more recently, the 2007 Tech Museum Innovation Award (US) for innovation in the Health Category, in recognition of the Signal Amplification technology, which greatly improves the sensitivity of rapid test for the detection of infectious diseases (see video interview) (hear audio interview). The unit has filed 12 families of patent applications, with 20 granted or allowed national patents, detailing inventions that improve the performance of rapid diagnostic test.

The Centre for Entrepreneurial Learning (CfEL) talked to Dr Helen Lee, Director of Research, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge and Founder Diagnostics for the Real World about her very considerable experiences in diagnostics, founding companies, and the need to develop usable products for people in the developing world. Helen received her PhD from Cornell University and MSc from Oxford University. After post-doctoral training at Churchill Hospital in Oxford, the University of Geneva and St Louis Hospital in Paris, she began her career in diagnostics at the Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine in Paris where she was responsible for developing monoclonal blood typing reagents, the first widely used liquid blood typing reagents in Paris. Another major accomplishment of her group was one of the first monoclonal antibody based assays for hepatitis B surface antigen, which was subsequently licensed to the Pasteur Institute as the MONLISA HBsAg assay and is still on the market today. She then joined Abbott Laboratories to be responsible for Research & Development, and was promoted to General Manager of the Probe Diagnostics Business Unit where she managed over 100 people and an annual budget of >$20 million. She was also responsible for production of instruments as well as chemistry, marketing, quality and regulatory affairs of the product line. After leaving Abbott she founded a biotech company, Sentinel Biosciences Inc. in Palo Alto, CA, developing technologies for virus discovery. The company was successfully sold to one of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies. In 1996, she left industry for the University of Cambridge in order to focus on the development of technology and diagnostic assay for resource-poor settings. To commercialise the technologies developed at Cambridge, she founded the spin off company, Diagnostics for the Real World Ltd (DRW), in 2002. Awards: Dr Lee chaired the Diagnostic Steering Committee at the World Health Organization (WHO). She is the recipient of the 2005 Lord Lloyd Kilgerran Award, the 2006 British Female Inventor in Industry Award, the 2006 European Women of Achievement Award and the 2007 Asian Women of Achievement Award (presentation as pdf). The products and technologies developed by DDU scientists received the Medical Futures Innovation Award (UK) for its innovative sample collection device and more recently, the 2007 Tech Museum Innovation Award (US) for innovation in the Health Category, in recognition of the Signal Amplification technology, which greatly improves the sensitivity of rapid test for the detection of infectious diseases (see video interview) (hear audio interview). The unit has filed 12 families of patent applications, with 20 granted or allowed national patents, detailing inventions that improve the performance of rapid diagnostic test.

Bill Henderson interviews Dr. J. Stephen Coles, M.D., Ph.D. about his book on a unique natural substance for healing cancer. The book covers the work of Dr. Mirko Beljanski, Ph.D., who began researching cellular biology at the Pasteur Institute in Paris in the late 50′s. His discovery of what is called “reverse tran-scription” within the cell is the basis for … Read more about this episode...

0:00:00     IntroductionRichard Saunders and Stefan Sojka0:04:20     Dr Rachie Reports with Dr Rachael DunlopThis week Dr Rachie visits Rodd Island in Sydney Harbour. Between 1888 and 1894, the island was used as a laboratory by scientists working for the Pasteur Institute, who were researching the use of the chicken cholera microbe to control Australia's rabbit population. Louis Pasteur sent his nephew, Doctor Adrien Loir to conduct the experimentation in Australia and facilities were constructed on the island.0:19:40     A special report from Science Teacher Aaron Stephens in CalifornaiaIn his recently proposed budget for 2012 – 2013, the Governor of California Jerry Brown proposes to reform K-14 education mandates by eliminating nearly half of them. One mandate that he is recommending for elimination is the Graduation Requirements mandate that requires students to complete two years of science in order to graduate from high school.0:33:30     The Think TankIn the tank this week are Dr Rachael Dunlop, Stefan Sojka, Joanne Benhamu, Maynard and Richard Saunders.

If you or someone you care about has ever had an antibiotic resistant infection, you know how dire that situation can be.  Stuart Levy, a professor of microbiology at Tufts University in Boston, has centered his research around the theme of antibiotic resistance and he says there are few antibiotics in the pipeline for use on that inevitable day when our current infection-fighters are finally overcome.  Dr. Levy is delivering the keynote address at ASM’s Biodefense and Emerging Diseases Research Meeting in Baltimore in February. Antibiotic resistance may not be making big headlines these days, but that’s not because the threat is any less serious than before.  Levy says he first became interested in antibiotics as a child, when he watched a course of antibiotics heal his twin brother, who suffered from an infection.  Later, as a researcher at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, France, he learned that bacteria can swap around the ability to resist antibiotics, and that failing to manage a small problem with resistance can have some serious consequences down the line. In this interview, I talked with Dr. Levy about his talk at the biodefense meeting, what antibiotic resistance has to do with biosecurity, and about why you should leave those bottles of antimicrobial soap on the shelves at the store.