Podcasts about Fluid dynamics

I'm so excited to revisit the topic of fascia with Anna Rahe of GST Body.Today we dive into the connection between fascia and overall health, highlighting its role in integrating various body systems.Anna explains how modern exercise routines might be damaging our fascia and offers insights on how to create healthier movement patterns.The conversation also touches on the impact of fascia on emotions and mental health, the significance of a fluid dynamics approach to movement, and practical tips for aligning body practices with physiological needs.We also explore how changing our perspective on beauty, ageing, and how struggles in life can lead to truer forms of self-empowerment and well-being.00:59 Introduction to Today's Topic: Fascia02:41 Meet Anna Ray: Fascia Expert04:19 Understanding Fascia and Its Importance08:18 The Impact of Modern Exercise on Fascia14:47 Fascia and Fluid Dynamics in Movement23:01 Adrenal Response vs. Endorphin Response28:09 Practical Tips for Healthy Movement34:06 The Importance of Movement in Daily Life36:32 The State of Modern Society37:53 The Decline of Reading and Critical Thinking39:49 Fascia and Brain Function45:57 The Importance of Struggle and Growth50:38 Fascia and Connective Tissue Health56:37 Redefining Beauty and Aging01:02:23 Final Thoughts and ResourcesAnother mind-blowing episode with Anna Rahe... she speaks fascia like no one I've ever heard. I can't wait for more:)If you enjoyed this episode, please share and consider going to www.sovereigncollective.org/shop to check out my offerings and get a deal while supporting the podcast. I'll be adding more great offerings there over time.To find out more about Anna and her offerings:Website: https://gstbody.com/Website: https://www.annarahe.com/You Tube: https://www.youtube.com/@TheGSTBodyInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/annaraheofgst/If you like what you heard here then please share! This podcast is being censored so it depends on people like you to spread the word.Also, please like and subscribe wherever you listen... it all helps and I appreciate it with my whole heart!----------------------------------------------------------Are you concerned about the future of our children?The world needs more conscious parents. Stop raising children who need to recover from their childhoods! Get your online program chock full of interviews with world renowned experts here:http://www.sovereigncollective.org/gettheguideEmail me: sascha at sovereigncollective dot org

This week we step back in time 3 years ago to review an important cardiac MRI report on Fontan geometry and hemodynamics as measured by computational fluid dynamic analysis. How do factors like Fontan geometry or 'power loss' relate to quality of life for the Fontan young adult patient? How do these data inform imaging in the operating room during these palliations? We speak with the first author of this work, Associate Professor of Pediatrics at U. Penn, Dr. Laura Mercer-Rosa about this important and intriguing work. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2022.01.017

Charlie Ziese is a visionary in the field of pyramid science and sacred geometry.  As the owner and creator of Stargate Pyramids and Chairman of the Pyramid Science Foundation, Charlie is at the forefront of exploring the profound energies and organizing principles that govern our Universe. He is the author of the book, "76.345 - Exploring the Hidden Secrets of the Golden Ratio”, which demonstrates the existence of a process he calls Golden Ratio Scaling in ancient and contemporary architecture, pyramids, hieroglyphs, temples, churches, ancient diagrams, symbols, obelisks, monuments, and numerous natural phenomena.Charlie has also produced several significant research documentaries.  "The Golden Ratio and the Organizing Principles of the Universe" delves into the mysteries of pyramid energy fields, Sacred Geometry, and free energy. This comprehensive work reveals how creation itself utilizes specific geometries such as Golden Ratio Scaling to manifest reality, offering viewers an awe-inspiring journey through the fundamental structures and processes that shape our world. He also presents a model of the Organizing Principles of the Universe which links the Torus with Golden Ratio Scaling, fractal scaling, the Fibonacci Sequence and Platonic Solid Scaling.In 2023, Charlie produced a documentary entitled “The Powers of Phi – The Golden Ratio in Gothic Cathedral Steeples”.  In this documentary, Charlie demonstrates that, unbeknownst to the very church organizations that own them, every Gothic Cathedral Steeple utilizes one of six exponential powers of Phi geometries, demonstrating that as recently as 500 years ago, the great builders and architects had a highly sophisticated understanding of the Golden Ratio far surpassing that in contemporary society.  Charlie's most recent research is contained in his 2024 documentary: “The Golden Ratio in Fluid Dynamics”.  This cutting edge research demonstrates that Golden Ratio Scaling is found in the nose cones and other body parts of all of the fastest flying birds, fastest swimming sea animals, airplanes, helicopters, ancient aerodynamics dating back at least 70,000 years, commercial and private jets, missiles, rockets, spacecraft, racing cars, bullet trains, hypersonic vehicles, and numerous free energy technologies of the 19th and 20th centuries.  Research into rocket and hypersonic engine exhaust nozzles corroborates the connection between Golden Ratio Scaling and free energy implosion physics.  This research has far-reaching implications, as the research points to GRS as a “preferred pathway” programmed into the fabric of the Aether.https://pyramidsciencefoundation.org/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/earth-ancients--2790919/support.

In this episode, we speak with Anna Rahe, GST Body's Founder, CEO and educator. For the past 25+ years, Anna has delved deep into a liberating and empowering relationship with fascia so that as many people as possible can invest in their health, restore their vitality, and heal themselves with the proprietary tools she has created. As the founder, CEO and educator of GST Body, Anna has spoken about holistic body care through fascia around the world, partnered with top athletes, surgeons, physicians and celebrities, and been featured in various publications, from Shape to Elle, Net-a-Porter to The Wall Street Journal. Anna shared her profound experiences with trauma, healing, and the pivotal moments that led her to explore the role of fascia in our overall health. She explained how her early struggles with psychological and physical issues prompted her to seek deeper understanding and healing methods. After years of therapy and self-discovery, Anna realized that her body was trying to communicate with her, and that the key to her healing lay in movement and the manipulation of fascia. Throughout our conversation, Anna dove into the science of fascia, describing it as a vital connective tissue that organizes and supports our entire body system. She emphasized that fascia is not just a passive structure but an active participant in our physical and emotional well-being. With its unique properties, fascia responds to both physical and emotional loads, influencing our health in ways we often overlook. HIGHLIGHTS 00:00:23 - Early Trauma and Healing 00:01:38 - Physical Symptoms and Medical Journey 00:02:52 - Discovering Fascia 00:04:49 - Movement and Therapy 00:06:15 - Biomechanical Model and Fluid Dynamics 00:09:37 - Fascia as a Body System 00:11:00 - Understanding Fascia 00:17:08 - The Connection Between Body and Mind 00:20:15 - Movement and Health 00:26:00 - Integrating Body and Mind 00:35:06 - Personal Trust and Intuition 00:39:04 - Micro Movements and Healing 00:44:35 - Divining Rod of the Body Connect with Anna Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/annaraheofgst/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/gstbody/ Website: https://gstbody.com/A 7 day free trial of Vital Life Studio -  https://gstvitalifestudio.com/join_us Marsha Vanwynsberghe — NLP Storytelling Trainer, OUTSPOKEN NLP Coaching Certification, Author, Speaker, and Podcaster Download FREE “You Are Supported” Hypnosis and Subliminal Bundle HERE  Join the next cohort of OUTSPOKEN NLP Coaching Certification (kick-off in March 2024) HERE Learn more about changing the Stories We Tell Ourselves Digital Program HERE. Use Code PODCAST to receive 20% off. Code FASTACTION20 Tap the “Follow” button never to miss a show, and if you love the show, please feel free to tag me on social media, share it with a friend, or leave me a rating and review. This really helps the show grow! Website: www.marshavanw.comConnect on IG click HERESubscribe on YouTube click HERE

Episode: 3243 Hollywood's Heroic Water FX.  Today, water effects.

In this episode of Breaking Math, we explore the unexpected link between sheep herding and fluid dynamics! Did you know that the way sheep move in a herd is governed by the same mathematical principles as water flowing in a river? By following simple rules of alignment, cohesion, and separation, sheep create a coordinated, fluid-like movement that scientists can model to predict behavior.Join us as we break down how these principles apply not only to animal herds but also to real-world applications like robotics, autonomous vehicles, and crowd management. Whether you're a math lover, curious about animal behavior, or fascinated by the science behind traffic flow, this episode reveals the incredible power of mathematics in nature. Don't forget to subscribe for more insights into the surprising connections between math and the world around us!Timestamps:00:00 - Introduction to Sheep Herding and Fluid Dynamics02:15 - What is Fluid Dynamics?06:30 - How Sheep Behave Like Particles in a Fluid10:45 - Mathematical Models of Herding Behavior16:20 - Real-world Applications: From Farming to Robotics20:55 - Conclusion & Key TakeawaysTags: #BreakingMath #FluidDynamics #AnimalBehavior #MathInNature #SheepHerding #Robotics #ScienceExplained #EmergentBehaviorBecome a patron of Breaking Math for as little as a buck a monthFollow Breaking Math on Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn, Website, YouTube, TikTokFollow Autumn on Twitter and InstagramFollow Gabe on Twitter.Become a guest hereemail: breakingmathpodcast@gmail.com

In competitive swimming, where every hundredth of a second counts, reducing drag is crucial.

The Corpse Vanishes offers Chris and Charlotte a corsage, which induces them to talk about orchids, Tiger Beat, Teen Beat, Wham-O, and tag. With the short, Radar Men from the Moon, part 3.

Commentary by Dr. Candice Silversides

In this episode of the Neil Ashton podcast, Neil interviews Dr. Chris Rumsey,  Research Scientist at NASA Langley Research Center.  Chris is one of the main CFD experts at NASA Langley is globally reconised as a leader in CFD, particularly for aeronautical applications. The conversation focuses on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and turbulence modeling. They discuss Chris's career, his role in public dissemination of CFD methods, and his involvement in the Turbulence Modeling website. They also explore the High Lift Prediction Workshop and the role of machine learning in CFD and turbulence modeling. The conversation provides insights into working at NASA and the challenges and advancements in CFD and turbulence modeling. In this conversation, Neil and Chris Rumsey discuss the progress and challenges in solving the problem of high-lift aerodynamics in aircraft design. They explore the concept of certification by analysis and the role of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in reducing the need for expensive wind tunnel and flight tests. They also delve into the use of machine learning in CFD and the challenges of reproducibility. The conversation then shifts to conferences, with Neil and Chris sharing their experiences and favorite events. They conclude by discussing career advice for aspiring aerospace professionals and the unique aspects of working at NASA.00:00 Introduction to the Neil Ashton podcast01:09 Focus on Computational Fluid Dynamics and Turbulence Modeling06:51 Chris Rumsey's Journey to NASA09:13 From Art to Aeronautical Engineering13:08 Transitioning to Turbulence Modeling15:34 The Origins of the Turbulence Modeling Website20:40 Verification and Validation in Turbulence Modeling24:34 The Role of Machine Learning in Turbulence Modeling26:00 Advancements in High Lift Prediction27:28 Challenges in High Lift Prediction28:25 Thoughts on Working at NASA29:42 Certification by Analysis: Reducing the Cost of Aircraft Certification31:09 The Role of Machine Learning in CFD and Certification by Analysis34:03 The Value of Conferences in Networking and Specialized Learning40:30 Career Advice for Aspiring Aerospace Professionals48:45 Curating and Documenting Knowledge in the Aerospace Community

Spun out of Bosch, Dive wants to change how manufacturers use computer simulations by both using modern mathematical approaches and cloud computing. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

SYNOPSIS:In this episode, Marcella shares profound insights of our bodies as “a process,” and embracing the fluidity of movement. Drawing inspiration from the visionary founder of Continuum Movement, Emilie Conrad, Marcella invites us to delve deep into the essence of movement as a gateway to self-discovery. From exploring the fluid nature of the body to redefining the concept of embodiment, Marcella offers practical tips for fostering a sensational experience of our physical selves. Prepare to be inspired as she guides us towards a more  conscious understanding of being the movement that we are and the transformative promise therein.EXPLORATION POINTS: - Movement as Medicine: Rediscovering the body's innate and healing potential.- Continuum and its Influence: How somatic practices like Continuum Movement inform our understanding of movement and embodiment.- Embracing Fluidity: Exploring the body's water-like nature and its impact on sensation and consciousness.- Contextual Embodiment: Rethinking the concept of embodiment as a dynamic and context-dependent experience.- The Gift of Sensation: Embracing the body's capacity to sense pleasure and pain as a profound gift.- “Cosmic Drowning”: Reflecting on Emilie Conrad's poetic insights into the unity of consciousness and movement.- Practical Tips for Body Awareness: Simple practices to cultivate a deeper connection with the body in everyday life.MORE ALI MEZEY:Website:  www.alimezey.comPersonal Geometry® and the Magic of Mat Work Course information:www.alimezey.com/personal-geometry-foundationsTransgenerational Healing Films: www.constellationarts.comMORE MARCELLA:Website: www.still-movement.comBIO:Marcella Bottero, MA, RCST®, is a seasoned body and movement educator with over 20 years of experience. Skilled in various somatic approaches, including Fitness Training, Yoga, Continuum, and Biodynamic Craniosacral Therapy, Marcella empowers her students to realize and express their fullest potential. As an authorized Continuum Teacher by Emilie Conrad, Marcella fosters a supportive and dynamic learning environment. Explore Marcella's transformative teachings and classes at [Still Movement](https://still-movement.com/).OTHER RESOURCES, LINKS AND INSPIRATIONS:Continuum Movement is a somatic movement practice developed by Emilie Conrad, focusing on the fluid nature of the body. It emphasizes the exploration of movement as a way to tap into the body's inherent wisdom, promoting healing and self-discovery. Continuum involves gentle, exploratory movements that encourage individuals to connect with their internal rhythms and sensations. Through practices such as breathwork, sound, and subtle movement, Continuum aims to facilitate a deeper understanding of the body-mind connection and promote overall well-being.Emilie Conrad's Legacy:Emilie Conrad, the visionary founder of Continuum, continues to inspire somatic practitioners worldwide with her profound insights into the nature of movement and consciousness. Through her pioneering work, Conrad invites individuals to embrace the interconnectedness of body, mind, and spirit, guiding them towards a deeper understanding of the body's innate intelligence and transformative potential.Scottish winds moving across Scottish barley fieldValerie Hunt - UCLALiz KochBarbara MindalThe Body is a Gift with Gil Hedley: A Reverential Journey into the Human BodyLINKS TO A COUPLE OF EMILIE's YouTubes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IAacwbfveyshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1gd7FWYp-jQAnd her booksLife on Land: The Story of Continuum, the World Renowned Self-discovery and Movement MethodEngaging the Movement of Life: Exploring Health and Embodiment Through Osteopathy and Continuum Core Awareness (Revised Edition): Enhancing Yoga, Pilates, Exercise, and DancePeace Prayer with Emilie ConradCONTINUUM: An Introduction with Emilie ConradThe Play of Life with Emilie ConradCass PhelpsOur events & content remain free as part of our mission to awaken people to the boundless potential of our bodies, inviting them to explore the profound knowledge, memory, brilliance & capacity within. By delving into the depths of our bodily intelligence as a healing resource for not just ourselves, but as a part of the larger, global body, we have the potential for meaningful change and experiences as bodies. Join us in this journey of transformation as we redefine our understanding of the human body and its infinite capabilities. While our events remain free, any contributions are deeply appreciated and are seen as a generous gesture of support and encouragement in sharing our messages with the world.

Anima Anandkumar is a Bren Professor at Caltech. Her work developing novel AI algorithms enables and accelerates scientific applications of AI, including scientific simulations, weather forecasting, autonomous drone flights, and drug design. She has received best paper awards at venues such as NeurIPS and the ACM Gordon Bell Special Prize for HPC-Based COVID-19 Research. She holds degrees from the IIT Madras and Cornell University. She has conducted postdoctoral research at MIT. She was previously principal scientist at Amazon Web Services and senior director at Nvidia. Anima's favorite book: Hyperspace (Author: Michio Kaku)(00:00) Introduction(00:10) The Impact of AI on Science(02:25) AI Disrupting Physics(03:02) Challenges in Fluid Dynamics(06:21) Achieving Orders of Magnitude Speedup(10:43) AI Discovering New Laws of Physics(11:45) Complexity of Fluid Dynamics(15:54) Simulating Physical Phenomena with AI(22:23) AI for Drones in Strong Winds(25:16) Optimizing Experiments with AI(28:19) AI in Quantum Chemistry(32:38) Technological Breakthroughs in AI(33:23) Rapid Fire Round--------Where to find Prateek Joshi: Newsletter: https://prateekjoshi.substack.com Website: https://prateekj.com LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/prateek-joshi-91047b19 Twitter: https://twitter.com/prateekvjoshi 

Chris and Doran are joined by Jesse Han to discuss, "Prediction of specialty coffee flavors based on near-infrared spectra using machine‐ and deep-learning methods", appearing in J. Sci. Food Agric., 2021, 101, 4705. The article can be found here: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.11116 About Jesse: He is a Ph.D. student at Harvard University studying Astronomy. He was awarded the Ig Nobel Prize for Fluid Dynamics in 2017 for showing that coffee will not spill out of a cup if you walk backwards while holding it. Introduction preamble: Richard Feynman

The next time you go to the zoo, take a few minutes by the sea lion habitat to watch the way they swim. While most high-performance swimmers use powerful kicks from hind appendages to power through the water, sea lions instead use their front flippers, moving with a pulling motion. With their propulsion source close to their center of gravity and their flexible bodies, sea lions are extremely agile under water, able to weave in and out among the stalks of an undersea kelp forest.Researchers are studying the movements of these exceptional swimmers to try to design improved underwater vehicles. Mimicking some of the sea lion's tricks could allow more maneuverable, quieter vehicles that produce less turbulence in the water.SciFri's Charles Bergquist talks with Dr. Megan Leftwich of George Washington University about her work with sea lions, and other research into fluids and biomechanics, including the fluid mechanics of human birth.Transcripts for each segment will be available the week after the show airs on sciencefriday.com. Subscribe to this podcast. Plus, to stay updated on all things science, sign up for Science Friday's newsletters.

Alida Sun is an interdisciplinary artist whose work integrates generative art, large-scale installation, blockchain technology and live performances. Her works have been exhibited at the Venice Biennale, Ars Electronica, UCCA Center for Contemporary Art, Unit London and SOMA Berlin, and they have been featured in numerous publications and at audiovisual festivals around the world. Recorded on March 15, 2024 as a Space on X.Follow the guest:https://twitter.com/alidasunFollow the host:https://twitter.com/0x_ScooterFollow Particle:https://twitter.com/Collectparticlehttps://www.particlecollection.comhttps://www.instagram.com/particlecollectionTimestamps:(00:00) Introduction(01:33) First Experiences Making Art(02:49) Self-reliance and Assemblage(04:04) Developing a Daily Creative Practice(06:34) Resisting Burnout as an Artist(08:38) Restorative Nature of Digital Art(11:18) Glitch Crystal Monsters Project(13:48) Making of Glitch Crystal Monsters Installation for SOMA Berlin(16:09) Stellaraum Installation and Live Performance(19:48) Color & Fluid Dynamics in Chromacounterpane(22:03) Themes of Migration & Displacement in Bewildered with Stars(24:31) Transforming Code into Embodied Art through Klangraum(26:25) Embracing Decolonization through Natively Digital Art(30:22) Generative Art as Folk Art(32:00) Significance of Insomnia Drawing Simulation(33:36) Algorithmic Censorship and Generative Art(35:57) State of Representation & Diversity in NFT Space(38:02) Exercising Resistance through Joy in Code-based Art(40:09) Dazzle Camouflage in Audioreactive ASCII Artwork(42:12) Fostering Positive Behaviour Amongst Collectors(44:10) Enjoying Digital Art as an Embodied Experience(47:23) Artists & Writer Recommendations(49:37) Final Thoughts from Alida Sun(50:36) Outro

References Dr Guerra: membrane lectures Balin, M.1966. "Coming Back to Me" Jefferson Airplane. Surrealistic Pillow.1967. https://youtu.be/y2f3tlgApHw?si=cTa1nhYw6kcycxUs Dylan (Zimmerman),R. 1962 "Girl from the North Country". w. Johnny Cash. https://youtu.be/Je4Eg77YSSA?si=eYXfJhwOQisGjPHW Schubert, F. 1828.Piano Sonata in B-flat major, D.960 https://youtu.be/lncNcNtGkJY?si=KRTh3hQStQ3x51Ug --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support

Today, I want to share insights from a publication by Drs. Allen, Schwartz, and Herbst titled "Interstitial Fluid in Lipedema and Control Skin."This paper, published in the peer-reviewed journal Women's Health Reports in October 2020, aimed to investigate the accumulation of fluid around vessels and between skin fibers in the thigh tissue of women with lipedema.Additionally, the study sought to identify whether abnormally permeable (leaky) blood vessels were more prevalent in the thighs compared to the abdomen in women with lipedema.

Flame Retardant Could Be Made From Discarded Cocoa HusksOn cocoa farms around the world, cocoa beans are pulled from their pods, and the hard husks are discarded, leaving 20 million tons of plant waste to biodegrade and potentially harm future crops. These husks are a source of lignin, a substance that gives plants their rigidity. It's extremely abundant—but often wasted.A new study published in the journal ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering found that the lignin processed from leftover cocoa pod husks could have a new use as an ingredient in flame retardant.“Lignin is pretty special, as it is very soluble in organic solvents,” said study co-author Dr. Nicholas Westwood, a professor of chemistry and chemical biology at St. Andrews University in Scotland, in an email. This means lignin can be chemically manipulated to create a number of useful substances relatively easily.Because of lignin's malleability, Westwood and his coauthors were able to add a flame-retardant molecule to the processed substance, and found that the modification increased its already naturally high ability to smother flames.That's just one possible application. While lignin hasn't found widespread industrial use yet, scientists hold hope for it to become a greener alternative for fuel and a biodegradable plastic instead of just being leftovers. Processing biomass for food or fuel also produces a massive amount of lignin as a byproduct, which has been converted to materials like activated charcoal or carbon foam. “There are endless possibilities,” Westwood said.​​Joining Ira to talk about lignin and its potential uses is Dr. Rigoberto Advincula, a materials scientist with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory and the University of Tennessee in Knoxville.The Oozy Physics Of OobleckYou may be familiar with a common science demonstration done in classrooms: If you mix cornstarch and water together in the right proportions, you create a gooey material that seems to defy the rules of physics. It flows like a liquid, but when you try to handle it quickly, it stiffens up.This kind of material is called an oobleck, and it's a type of non-Newtonian fluid, meaning its viscosity changes under pressure or stress. Oobleck-like materials include human-made things like Silly Putty and paint, but are also found in nature; blood and quicksand are both non-Newtonian fluids.For a long time, it's been hard to prove exactly why these materials act the way they do. But recently, scientists developed a better understanding of the underlying physics. A new study conducted in collaboration between the James Franck Institute and Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering at the University of Chicago was able to demonstrate this mechanism.“The findings from this study are important because they provide direct experimental evidence for one of the mechanisms proposed for strong shear thickening,” says Dr. Heinrich Jaeger, professor of physics at the University of Chicago. “Namely, frictional interactions as the particles in the liquid are sheared into contact.” Jaeger is a co-author of the study, which was led by postdoctoral researcher Dr. Hojin Kim.Jaeger and Kim speculate that a better understanding of non-Newtonian fluids could help in the development of new, advanced materials. The potential ranges from flexible speed bumps to impact-resistant clothing. Jaeger joins Ira to talk about it.Transcripts for each segment will be available after the show airs on sciencefriday.com. To stay updated on all things science, sign up for Science Friday's newsletters.

13.12.23 Pt 2 - Kanthan Pillay is a regular contributor to the Burning Platform, but how well do you really know him? A Princeton graduate, scientist, journalist, CEO and former political campaigner… Gareth does a deep dive into his life in this interview. www.cliffcentral.com

This week we're tackling what could be the most controversial and polarizing topic to date. How to properly load a dishwasher! Knives up or down? Where do you put your egg yolk-encrusted plates? All this and so much more in our Dishwasher Discourse. We're also in search of some Wandering Water and looking at an Expansive Exoplanet Your Hosts James Reed (https://twitter.com/James_Reed3) Steffi Diem (https://twitter.com/SteffiDiem) Jason Organ (https://twitter.com/OrganJM) Credits Editing-James Reed Mastering- James Reed Music: - Intro and Outro- Wolf Moon by Unicorn Heads | https://unicornheads.com/ | Standard YouTube License - LITE BRITE by Density & Time | Standard YouTube License - Sciene Montage by Jeremy Blake | Standard YouTube License - Time Passing By by Audionautix is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Artist: http://audionautix.com/ - Additional Sounds- Inside a Computer Chip by Doug Maxwell |https://www.mediarightproductions.com/ | Standard YouTube License www.scinight.com

There's no shortage of options for people “researching” chemical shortcuts to spiritual experiences. While psychedelic drugs such as LSD, or hallucinogens such as ayahuasca, frequently have enough of an impact to arouse curiosity and experimentation, they don't offer reliable, repeatable experiences, let alone still allow one to function reliably in day-to-day life.This is because they are mistaking biochemistry as being a cause of spiritual experiences rather than an effect of spiritual experience. As Thom frequently reminds us, consciousness, conceives, governs, constructs and prints out the body, not the other way around.In this episode Thom describes the function and origin of Soma, the ultimate celestial biochemical.Importantly, Thom makes the distinction between it being an effect of consciousness, rather than a cause of spiritual experiences. He lays out the simple steps we can take to switch on our own Soma plant, and to enable spiritual experiences far more profound than those offered by artificial means, while still remaining relevant to those around us.Episode Highlights:[00:45] The Vedas[02:54] Soma Mandala[05:23] What Does Soma Do?[07:11] Overcoming Mistaken Identity with Soma[09:25] Soma's Influence on Cosmic and God Consciousness[11:38] Soma and Sensory Perception[13:35] Soma's Path to Unity Consciousness[15:34] Soma's Stress-Relieving PowersUseful Linksinfo@thomknoles.com https://thomknoles.com/https://www.instagram.com/thethomknoleshttps://www.facebook.com/thethomknoleshttps://www.youtube.com/c/thomknoleshttps://thomknoles.com/ask-thom-anything/

In this episode, Margot Gerritsen and Jon Krohn discuss the fundamentals of computational mathematics and its application in studying fluid dynamics. Margot also talks about how her synesthesia led to a lifelong interest in math, using computational mathematics to predict airflow, and why it is so important that underrepresented groups in data science become more visible through organizations like Women in Data Science. This episode is brought to you by the Zerve data science dev environment (https://zerve.ai), by Gurobi (https://gurobi.com/sds), the Decision Intelligence Leader, and by ODSC (https://odsc.com), the Open Data Science Conference. Interested in sponsoring a SuperDataScience Podcast episode? Visit JonKrohn.com/podcast for sponsorship information. In this episode you will learn: • About computational mathematics and its relation to data science [03:19] • Margot's current research into emissions simulation [15:05] • Computational Mathematics: Real-World Applications [33:18] • The importance of wind tunnels in testing designs [47:54] • The beauty of linear algebra [1:05:59] • Synesthesia: Seeing Numbers as Colors [1:16:33] • About Women in Data Science [1:24:59] Additional materials: www.superdatascience.com/719

Episode 362: So, we took almost another year off, but this time, we're actually back. While we won't be releasing weekly at first, we will definitely be releasing more than one episode a year... Notes for this episode: https://www.fourbrewers.com/362-oh-hey-there/ Subscribe: RSS | Apple Podcasts | Google Play | YouTube | Twitch Support the show: Patreon | PayPal Donation 4B Social Media: Instagram | Threads | Mastodon | Facebook | Flickr Email 4B: feedback@fourbrewers.com 4B Theme Song: The Sleeping Sea King ***** Episode Chapters: 00:00:00: Four Brewers Theme 00:00:05: Begin Show 00:07:11: Japanese Lager - Harland Brewing Company 00:08:18: FIRKENSTEIN 00:12:11: Fluid Dynamics - Bottle Logic Brewing 00:12:56: Bobtoberfest - Heater Allen Brewing 00:13:37: Hüftgold - El Segundo Brewing Company 00:14:05: Japanese Lager (cont'd) 00:14:55: Hüftgold (cont'd) 00:15:24: Fluid Dynamics (cont'd) 00:18:14: Bobtoberfest (cont'd) 00:25:54: West Coast IPA - Skyduster Beer 00:26:58: Fight On! - Stone Brewing 00:30:49: West Coast IPA (cont'd) 00:31:07: Bumberbrew - Three Magnets Brewing Company 00:33:43: Little Whaleboat - Maine Beer Company 00:37:04: Fight On! (cont'd) 00:39:47: Light At the End of the Tunnel - Equilibrium Brewery 00:43:05: Bumberbrew (cont'd) 00:46:48: Barno - Rye Nelson Saison - Gunwhale Ales 00:50:24: Boom Bap Juice Vol. 3 - Abnormal Beer Co. 00:51:40: Everyday Enjoyment - Pizza Port Brewing Company 00:57:44: Barno (cont'd) 00:59:28: Everyday Enjoyment (cont'd) 01:02:28: Enjoy House - Gigantic Brewing Company 01:04:24: Boom Bap Juice Vol. 3 (cont'd) 01:08:29: The Real Hop Wives of Orange County: Nelson - Radiant Beer Co. 01:09:14: Enjoy House (cont'd) 01:10:27: AleSchmidt Oktoberfest - AleSmith Brewing Company 01:12:09: The Real Hop Wives of Orange County: Nelson (cont'd) 01:14:09: Hot Dogs Are Sandwiches - Urban Roots Brewing & Smokehouse 01:16:38: AleSchmidt Oktoberfest (cont'd) 01:19:38: Wrap Up 01:22:51: fourbrewers.com

Will Tingle took on this chilling conundrum, with the help of Imperial College London's Henry Burridge Like this podcast? Please help us by supporting the Naked Scientists

Today, I am blessed to have here with me Dr. Peter Martone. He has been passionate about cultivating the healthiest, most empowered community worldwide. As the owner and director of Atlantis Chiropractic Wellness Centers, he established his practice in 1999 with a clear vision: to educate and empower individuals towards healthier lives, aiming to transform Massachusetts into the healthiest destination globally.  Dr. Martone is renowned for his innovative approaches to well-being, prominently featured on prominent national news networks such as CBS, NBC, and NECN. His dedication to promoting optimal health led him to co-host the enlightening TV show "CHOICES," which aims to equip people with the knowledge to embark on positive lifestyle transformations for their overall health and wellness.  At the forefront of his groundbreaking work is the Neck Nest, a revolutionary pillow he pioneered to enhance sleep quality by addressing modern-day posture challenges. Dr. Martone's expertise extends beyond the conventional as he seeks to redefine how we approach rest and sleep. Through extensive travels across the country, he empowers individuals to reclaim their well-being by mastering the art of sleep, unveiling the key to revitalizing health and vitality. In this episode, Dr. Peter Martone dives into the intricacies of sleep posture, HRV (Heart Rate Variability), and the remarkable glymphatic system. Through his revolutionary invention, the Neck Nest pillow, he has redefined how we approach sleep posture, emphasizing the balance between support and structural integrity. Dr. Peter Martone's expertise offers a transformative perspective on sleep and well-being, inspiring us all to take charge of our health journey through informed choices and conscious sleep practices. Tune in as we chat about the importance of sleep posture, HRV (Heart Rate Variability), and maximizing the benefits of the glymphatic system.  Check out Dr. Peter Martone's Website (Get Your Neck Nest Special Deal) http://www.necknest.com/ketokamp  / / E P I S O D E   S P ON S O R S  Wild Pastures: $20 OFF per Box for Life + Free Shipping for Life + $15 OFF your 1st Box! https://wildpastures.com/promos/save-20-for-life-lf?oid=6&affid=132&source_id=podcast&sub1=ad BonCharge: Blue light Blocking Glasses, Red Light Therapy, Sauna Blankets & More. Visit https://boncharge.com/pages/ketokamp and use the coupon code KETOKAMP for 15% off your order.   Text me the words "Podcast" +1 (786) 364-5002 to be added to my contacts list.  [01:12] Three Laws of Structural Health Our bodies constantly adapt to stressors, whether it's external or internal. A healthy person's adaptation is more effective than an unhealthy individual. Understanding how adaptation works is crucial for maintaining overall health. Tissues adapt to the stresses applied to them. Just as exercise can lead to stronger muscles, proper stress management is essential to prevent chronic issues. Bones also adapt to the forces they experience. Uneven weight distribution can lead to imbalances in bone mass. Maintaining balanced weight distribution is vital for long-term bone health.  The righting reflex governs our posture, adjusting it based on head position. Maintaining proper head posture is crucial, as it influences overall body alignment.  [11:35] Nervous System's Health and Sleep: How are they connected?  The way you sleep can impact various aspects of your health. Sleeping in a contorted or twisted position can lead to structural dysfunction and health-related issues.  Sleeping on your back is recommended to restore the cervical curve and maintain optimal spinal alignment. It promotes natural alignment and minimizes contortion, aiding the body's structural healing process.  Early sleeping habits can contribute to poor sleep positions that may persist into adulthood. Recognizing and correcting these habits is essential for promoting proper spinal health.  Late-night exercise or eating can elevate core body temperature. Deep sleep is most restorative when achieved within the first third of the sleep cycle. A drop in core temperature is necessary for quality sleep. [25:23] What is Neck Nest? These Are the Things You Need to Know Relying too much on external support, like pillows and braces, can weaken the body's natural structural integrity over time, causing imbalances and issues.  Over-reliance on supports can lead to biomechanical stress, restricting natural movement and causing increased stress on other body parts. The Neck Nest pillow encourages proper spinal alignment by gently stretching and reversing the effects of forward head posture. Placing the Neck Nest on its edge under the neck supports the head's weight while encouraging a natural curve. Starting with shorter durations and gradually increasing usage can help users adjust to the Neck Nest's positioning and experience its benefits effectively. [35:09] The Power of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) The body operates through two primary states - sympathetic and parasympathetic. Both are important but must be balanced for optimal health and adaptability. Heart Rate Variability is a crucial marker for assessing nervous system balance. A rhythmic heartbeat indicates sympathetic dominance while varying rhythms suggest parasympathetic dominance. Adaptability and health thrive with rhythmic variation. The parasympathetic system supports vital functions like hormone regulation, digestion, and immunity. An imbalance can lead to chronic health issues. Poor posture, especially forward head posture, can constrict the vagus nerve, a key contributor to parasympathetic function. Addressing structural issues like cervical curve misalignment can help restore nervous system balance. Achieving overall well-being involves understanding the intricate connection between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, addressing structural factors, and maintaining HRV within optimal ranges.  [51:07] Glymphatic System: Sleep, Fluid Dynamics, and Well-being The glymphatic system is a mechanism that facilitates fluid flow around cells, helping to eliminate toxins and deliver nutrients. It's vital for overall cellular health and brain function. Morning joint swelling, known as pre-stress, occurs due to fluid accumulation. While it supports joint health, it also makes individuals more susceptible to injuries within the first hour after waking up. Studies suggest glymphatic drainage might improve when sleeping on one's side, but research has been primarily conducted on rats. Human spinal alignment and daily structural considerations play a significant role in optimizing glymphatic drainage during sleep.   AND MUCH MORE!   Resources from this episode:  Check out Dr. Peter Martone's Website (Get Your Neck Nest Special Deal) http://www.necknest.com/ketokamp  Atlantis Wellness: https://www.atlantiswellness.com/ Follow Dr. Peter Martone Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/askdoctormartone/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/drmartone?lang=en YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCSvpwT2tiF01_2Brsyr9zWg LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/l-c-p-peter-martone-d-c-1121b126/ Join the Keto Kamp Academy: https://ketokampacademy.com/7-day-trial-a Watch Keto Kamp on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUh_MOM621MvpW_HLtfkLyQ / / E P I S O D E   S P ON S O R S  Wild Pastures: $20 OFF per Box for Life + Free Shipping for Life + $15 OFF your 1st Box! https://wildpastures.com/promos/save-20-for-life-lf?oid=6&affid=132&source_id=podcast&sub1=ad BonCharge: Blue light Blocking Glasses, Red Light Therapy, Sauna Blankets & More. Visit https://boncharge.com/pages/ketokamp and use the coupon code KETOKAMP for 15% off your order.  Text me the words "Podcast" +1 (786) 364-5002 to be added to my contacts list. // F O L L O W ▸ instagram | @thebenazadi | http://bit.ly/2B1NXKW ▸ facebook | /thebenazadi | http://bit.ly/2BVvvW6 ▸ twitter | @thebenazadi http://bit.ly/2USE0so ▸ tiktok | @thebenazadi https://www.tiktok.com/@thebenazadi Disclaimer: This podcast is for information purposes only. Statements and views expressed on this podcast are not medical advice. This podcast including Ben Azadi disclaim responsibility from any possible adverse effects from the use of information contained herein. Opinions of guests are their own, and this podcast does not accept responsibility of statements made by guests. This podcast does not make any representations or warranties about guests qualifications or credibility. Individuals on this podcast may have a direct or non-direct interest in products or services referred to herein. If you think you have a medical problem, consult a licensed physician.

What do the patterns tell us? Why is misting so important? How are blood patterns measured? Who does it?  Blood spatter analysis is at the heart of CSI and other crime shows, but how is it really done? Professor Adrian Linacre is a forensic practitioner who specialises in body fluid dynamics and blood pattern analysis. He's spent years in the field, both in Australia and overseas in Glasgow, and has seen some fascinating cases.  Hear about how forensic experts analyse blood patterns with host, crime author, screenwriter and former general practitioner Kathryn Fox - who will help unpack the unfiltered how and why of forensic investigations.  Fore more episodes, download the LiSTNR app. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The jellyfish that move through the seas by gently pulsing their saclike bodies may not seem to hold many secrets that would interest human engineers. But simple as the creatures are, jellyfish are masterful at harnessing and controlling the flow of the water around them, sometimes with surprising efficiency. As such, they embody sophisticated solutions to problems in fluid dynamics that engineers, mathematicians and other professionals can learn from. John Dabiri, an expert in mechanical and aerospace engineering at the California Institute of Technology, talk with Steven Strogatz in this episode about what jellyfish and other aquatic creatures can teach us about submarine design, the optimal placement of wind turbines, and healthy human hearts.

EMP | On Sale Now - EMP UK & US Weekend Workshops: https://www.evolvemoveplay.com/workshops - Online Natural Movement Courses: https://learn.evolvemoveplay.com/choose-your-own-adventure1672680678329 Welcome back to the Evolve Move Play Podcast! Today we're joined by David Grey, the CEO of David Grey Rehab David has developed his own unique method of helping people with their pain and movement, and now works with clients from all walks of life, including some of the best athletes in the world. Today he's joining us to talk about tools, concepts and techniques that can help us avoid injury and improve the way we understand and perform athletic movement. I really enjoyed having David on the show, if you also enjoyed this conversation and would like to support the channel, be sure to share, leave a like, comment, and subscribe if you haven't. TIMESTAMPS 00:00 - Intro 00:34 - Workshop Ad 01:33 - Dave's Background 04:39 - Gaelic Football, Sports and Injury Rates 22:03 - Compressive Vs Expansive Movement Strategies 27:48 - Fluid Dynamics in the Torso & Sparta Movement 39:40 - Internal Rotation/Pronation/Eversion for Athletic Performance 55:02 - Ankle Dorsiflexion 01:04:02 - Parkour v Sprinting / Yielding v. Overcoming 01:12:48 - Ankle Things and Parkour Plyometric Progression 01:19:45 - Avoiding Achilles Tendon Injuries EMP | Visit Us Online - EMP Website: https://www.evolvemoveplay.com - IG: @RafeKelly - http://www.instagram.com/rafekelley/ - FB: @RafeKelleyMovement - https://www.facebook.com/RafeKelleyMovement - Twitter: @rafekelley - https://twitter.com/rafekelley - YT Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/user/Faelcind?sub_confirmation=1 - Become a Patron: https://www.patreon.com/rafekelley DAVID GREY IG: https://www.instagram.com/davidgreyrehab/ YT: https://www.youtube.com/@DavidGreyRehab Web: https://davidgreyrehab.com/

Okay, maybe it's not rocket science, but fluid dynamics seems like an equally incomprehensible field, so we enlisted mechanical engineer Jaime Duquette to try to explain the discipline, including how you really can put the toothpaste back in the tube. Jaime, who studied fluid dynamics in college, did his best to dumb it down enough so Rick could understand the difference between the Froude number and Euler angles.

In this episode Peter sits down with Greg Hawthorne of Thorne Training and Therapy ; Topics include: *Muscular principles of programming. *Training young athletes. *A deeper understanding of muscle contraction and force generation. "It's not all about actin and myosin.'' *Fluid dynamics and lever systems. *Manipulation of gravity and ground reaction force in side-lying positions. *Gait as a means to improve relative motion and reduce tensions. *Foam rolling to reduce concentric orientations. We hope you enjoy the show, please leave us a 5 star review ! ALL TRAINERS AND COACHES! Pick up his Muscular principles of programming course today to learn more about the topics covered in the cast. https://thornetrainingandtherapy.com/register/muscular-principles-of-programming/

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Eli is a serial inventor and two-time founder. He started his first company, Singular Sound, with his brother in 2013; they have since launched eight blockbuster products. In 2017 he and his team created the first device that automatically flosses all your teeth in only 10 seconds, Instafloss. After five years of research and development, Instafloss is ready to change the world pre-sold $2.5 million, has 41k people on the waitlist. On this episode, Eli delves into the crucial topic of dental hygiene, specifically the importance of flossing, and uncovers why so many people still avoid this crucial habit despite its many benefits. He also explores the fascinating world of invention, including the process of sifting through ideas to determine which ones are worth pursuing, navigating investor relations, and the ins and outs of running a successful Kickstarter campaign. He then goes on to shares some surprising insights into the unexpected challenges of starting a business, and even gives us a glimpse into his thrilling hobby of wild camping. Get in touch with Eli Packouz - https://www.linkedin.com/in/eli-packouz-390701149/ Visit his company website - https://instafloss.com/ Get in touch with Karandeep Badwal - https://www.linkedin.com/in/karandeepbadwal/ Follow Karandeep on YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/c/QRAMedical --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/themedtechpodcast/support

Thank you so much for tuning in for another episode of Tin Foil Hat with Sam Tripoli. This episode we welcome Chance Garton to discuss his views on the Universe and the origins of Religion. This episode goes deep! Thank you for your support. Want To See Sam Tripoli Live? Grab Your Tickets at Samtripoli.comFeb 17th and 18th: The Dojo Of Comedy In Morris Plains New Jersyhttps://www.tiffscomedy.com/Feb 22nd: Comedy Chaos Live At The World Famous Comedy Storehttps://www.showclix.com/event/comedy-chaos-feb22ndFeb 24th: Tin Foil Hat Comedy Night Live at the Spokane Comedy Club https://www.spokanecomedyclub.com/shows/193329Feb 25th: Tin Foil Hat Comedy Night Live At The Tacoma Comedy Club https://www.tacomacomedyclub.com/shows/193327March 2nd-4th: The House Of Comedy Minneapolis https://moa.houseofcomedy.net/attraction/sam-tripoli/Please check out 's internet:Website: https://www.innerversepodcast.com/Website: https://www.freelancebychance.com/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/freelancebychance/Twitter: https://twitter.com/innerverse_podPlease check out SamTripoli.com for all things Sam Tripoli.Please check out Sam Tripoli's Linktree: https://linktr.ee/samtripoliNuked.Social: Please check out Nuked.Social and join our decentralized social media that allows you to connect with telegram and the discord.Check out all of our premium content on ROKFIN.com. Tin Foil Hat Premium: https://rokfin.com/tinfoilhatZero: https://rokfin.com/zeroConspiracy Social Club: https://rokfin.com/conspiracysocialclubBroken Simulation: https://rokfin.com/brokensimulationCash Daddies: Patreon.com/CashDaddiesThank you to our sponsors:CopyMyCrypto.com: The ‘Copy my Crypto' membership site shows you the coins that the youtuber ‘James McMahon' personally holds - and allows you to copy him. So if you'd like to join the 1300 members who copy James, then stop what you're doing and head over to: CopyMyCrypto.com/TFH You'll not only find proof of everything I've said - but my listeners get full access for just $1Blue Chew: Visit Blue Chew dot com and get your first shipment free when you use promo code tinfoil. Just pay $5 shipping. 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This weeks guest is Shaun Astorga , physical therapist based out of New Jersey and Creator of AMP Education. In this episode Shaun & Peter discuss: *Exercise narratives around Infant Development. *Thoughts on PRI  & Layers of compensation. *Genetic biases & how they influence movement & program design strategies. *Wide vs. Narrow Archetypes. *Fluid Dynamics & the Expansion/Compression model. *Axial Skeletal presentations &implications associated with each. *Short comings of the standard allopathic approach and more!

In this Episode, we discuss the principles of Laminar Flow in Fluid Dynamics. We get into disciplines such as hydrodynamic stability & the diff... wait... no...  In this episode the boys discuss what it means when a video game has a good "flow state," or when all the aspects of a great game line up to keep you engaged without taking away from the core gameplay. What does this mean? Well, we aren't too sure, so come join us and let us all figure it out together! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

Jos Stam is a researcher in the field of computer graphics, focusing on the simulation of natural physical phenomena for 3D-computer animation. Sponsored by @Siemens Software

This week we review a recent cardiac MRI report on Fontan geometry and hemodynamics as measured by computational fluid dynamic analysis. How do factors like Fontan geometry or 'power loss' relate to quality of life for the Fontan young adult patient? How do these data inform imaging in the operating room during these palliations? We speak with the first author of this work, Associate Professor of Pediatrics at U. Penn, Dr. Laura Mercer-Rosa about this important and intriguing work. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2022.01.017

In this week's episode, Randall has Josh Poertner on to talk aerodynamics. In a wide-ranging conversation, the two touch upon Josh's time as Technical Director at Zipp, involvement in the development of computational models for rotating wheels, early collaboration with Cervelo founders Phil White and Gerard Vroomen, founding and leadership of the product brand Silca and The Marginal Gains Podcast, and ongoing consulting work with elite athletes and teams. Silca Website  Marginal Gains Podcast Episode Sponsor: Logos Components  Support the Podcast Join The Ridership  Automated Transcription, please excuse the typos: Silca - Josh Poertner [00:00:00] Craig Dalton: Hello, and welcome to the gravel ride podcast, where we go deep on the sport of gravel cycling through in-depth interviews with product designers, event organizers and athletes. Who are pioneering the sport I'm your host, Craig Dalton, a lifelong cyclist who discovered gravel cycling back in 2016 and made all the mistakes you don't need to make. I approach each episode as a beginner down, unlock all the knowledge you need to become a great gravel cyclist. This week on the show, I'm handing the microphone back to my co-host Randall Jacobs. Who's got Josh Portner, the CEO of Silka on the shout out a wide range in conversation about the sport and high performance. Many of you may be familiar with the storied Silka brand. It's been around for close to a hundred years. But josh took over back in 2013 with a mission of merging the highest quality materials and craftsmanship with cutting edge design and manufacturing When you visit the Silca website, you notice a tagline, the pursuit of perfection, never settling, always improving. And I think that embodies how Josh approaches the sport. . So I'm excited to pass you over to Randall to dig into this conversation. Before we jump in i want to thank this week sponsor logos components Yeah, I've been itching to get back on a set of six 50 B wheels, and I've been waiting for my logo's components, wheels to arrive. They literally just arrived last night and I'm super stoked. But yet disappointed because I have to go away for the weekend and I won't be able to actually ride them until sometime next week. I chose the Atara six 50 B model. As you know, I'm sort of big on the big tires, big fun philosophy. So I've been eager on my unicorn, which I've been riding on a 700 SEASET for a while now. To get into the six 50 bees again and see what a six 50 by 50 combined with that rock shock fork is going to yield for me on the trails here in Marin. You guys may remember. Me sitting down with Randall, talking about what makes a great gravel wheel set and everything that went into these logos component wheels. I encourage you to go back to that conversation because whether or not the logo's wheel set is for you or not. I think Randall does an excellent job of teasing out. All the various considerations. You should be having when considering buying a gravel wheelset, It is no small expense when getting into a carbon wheel set, but the team at logos has endeavored with their direct consumer model. Uh, to make it as affordable as possible and make them as durable and high performing as anything out there on the market. I written wheels designed by Randall for the last three years. So I'm super excited. To see his latest vision come to fruition. With these new wheels and I'll have them underneath me soon enough. I encourage you to check them out@logoscomponents.com. Randall's also an active member of the ridership community. So if you have questions for him, feel free to join us over there at the ridership and connect with other riders. I seen people paying that their wheels have arrived so you can get some real, real people answering your questions. About whether they're enjoying the wheelset and how they perform, et cetera. And I'll have more on this in future additions. At this point. I'm going to hand the microphone over to Randall. And i hope you enjoy this conversation with josh [00:03:30] Randall: Josh Portner, thank you for joining us on the podcast. This is a conversation I've been looking forward to for quite some time. Some deep bike nerdy is probably about to ensue, so, uh, let's dive, let's hope. Dive right into it. [00:03:43] Josh: Well, thank you for having me. Always, always up for some deep bike. Nerdy. I like that. [00:03:49] Randall: So a number of our listeners will already know who you are, but just give folks a high level summary of what you do now. [00:03:55] Josh: Oh gosh. So I own Silca, um, or I own Arrow Mind, which, uh, owns the Silca brand and trademark, um, and, and all that that entails. And then we also have a, uh, we own Marginal Gains, which is a podcast and a YouTube channel. And, um, Yeah, our goal is to, a mind works with a lot of pro riders, pro teams, world tour teams. Um, you know, we do everything, Excuse me. We do everything from, you know, performance consulting, uh, modeling, uh, you know, setting up our record attempts for people or, or helping them design our record attempts. Um, you know, we do tire pressure work with pros. We do equipment choices for teams. We think some of the most interesting stuff we do, um, is around where like, uh, teams or national federations don't trust the equipment they're getting from somebody. And they'll come to us and say, you know, the, you know, bike brand X says that this does this, and our writers don't think so. Can you tell us what's true? And. We'll find a way to make that happen. So we, we've had some pretty interesting ones of those with, uh, particularly around the Olympics with the national federations. You know, no, nobody wants to have another Under Armor speeds skating suit, uh, situation, , right? Where all the, all the athletes think something is true and therefore it becomes true and, and nobody knows. And so, um, you know, so we do a lot of that. Arrow mind does that, essentially. And so that's a lot of the performance work I was doing in my old world. I was technical director at ZIP for almost 15 years. Um, and, and then Silca is the product arm of the company. Uh, that's probably how, you know, most people know us. You know, we make pumps and tools and, and, but we also make a lot of crazy things that people look at me and go, Oh, where the hell did that come from? Well, that probably came from some project or another. We did it in the Arrow Mind side of the business, Um mm-hmm. . So that's how we've gotten into sealants and lubricants and 3D printing and, and all sorts of other craziness. Right? That's sort of how the one flows into the other. And then, you know, Marginal Gains is a podcast and, and YouTube channel where we talk about it all and, and we, we typically with a, a team or a company have like a two year. Secrecy period on a technology. And then after that we can do something with it and, and talk about it and tell the story. So, you know, it's always, it's always fun to go through those periods where like, Oh, thank God we can talk about that now, . Cause you know, we're talking about it internally all the time. And, and you're like, Oh, can we put that in the podcast? I don't know. So, so that, that's what I do now. We, I, I play with bikes basically. [00:06:34] Randall: Very, very cool. And, um, when you talk about the consulting work you do, is this kind of full stack performance consulting, is it very a focused, is it all technical sides, including say, like bearing drag or, or things like this? Is it, um, obviously positioning falls into Arrow Nutrition. Like where, where do you, ooh, where does your domain physiology start? [00:06:57] Josh: And I draw the line at physiology, you know, there's a whole, there, there are people who are, are like my equivalent in that world. And, and my God, I can never even dream to. You know, clean their shoes. So, um, no, you, you need someone to talk physiology, you know, And I'll, I'll pull my phone out and we'll call Allen Li or somebody, you know, Yeah. With a bunch of contacts. But, uh, you know, Alan's one of my favorite go-tos for things like that and be like, Oh dude, I've been over my head help . You know, [00:07:21] Randall: he, he's, um, he's actually been on the pod before, but Craig interviewed him, so I might bring him on in the future to do, you know, my, my more kind of nerdy type of interview. Alan's great. Yeah, no, [00:07:31] Josh: he's, he's a lovely guy. He's a lovely guy. And, and I just love, I mean, he, you know, like I find myself pretty quickly sometimes getting into places where people's eyes just glaze over, like, what the hell is this guy talking about? And, you know, I love that Alan can do that to me in about 30 seconds, you know, we're talking about the stuff that he does. You're like, Oh, whoa, shit, way over my head way. I, I didn't even recognize the last four words that you used in that sentence, . And, uh, so it's, it's awesome to be able to be surrounded by people with that. But no, you know, we. The stuff that they come to us for. I mean, you know, when I left sip and started soak, of course everybody and their brother, you know, came and said, Oh, design us a wheel. I'm like, well, like I can't do that for a couple years. But also I'm kind of just done with that, you know, like I've lived that life. I, you know, it, it was fun. But, you know, we, we continually updated wheels for 15 years, but it, it really is kinda like doing the same thing over and over again, you know? And, and so it just wasn't fun for me. So, you know, they'll come and say, um, you know, help us design this cockpit, or we, we do a lot of, with our, our in-house, uh, 3D titanium printing, we do a lot of custom cockpits for, uh, teams, riders, things like that. You know, where we laser scan the rider, get the position, lock that down to the wind tunnel, design the part, 3D print it, um, you know, stuff like that, that, that's really exciting. We, we'd get a lot of, you know what, um, You know, help us optimize for this time trial at the tour or the Olympics or whatever, where, you know, what tires should we run and we can, we have systems and tools and, and spreadsheets and a million other things that we can, um, Yeah. Help, help them determine. And then a lot of times we, you know, we get companies coming to us, um, really just wanting to know, like, you know, if, like, which of their sponsor products should they use and when should they go off sponsor? You know, you'll see that a lot at like, the tour where, excuse me. Um, you know, like they, they ride the sponsor correct product, you know, 98% of the time, and then they're gonna sneak it in here or there when it's really critical. So, you know, what, what are those really critical points? And then, you know, if, if they're gonna risk getting in trouble or outright get in trouble, like it needs to be worth it, right? And so they might come to us with like, okay, you know, we need. I need a time trial tire for this rider for this day. You know, what should we do? And, and we'll help him with that. But yeah, you know, if you, if you were a, a brand, uh, or a world tour team there, or approach our athlete that wanted to go to the win tunnel, you know, you might pay us to come along. Um, a lot of what I do too is kind of fun is just act as like a fly on the wall in these team to sponsor interactions. You know, I think I was probably at half a dozen wind tunnel tests last year where I really had pretty much nothing to contribute other than being the neutral third party in the room, um mm-hmm. you know, so that everybody was comfortable that everybody was. Comfortable . [00:10:26] Randall: Well, I would imagine there's a mix of the, uh, the political, if you're talking about, you know, what should be using our own sponsors gear versus slipping something else in all the way to, um, balancing the competing goals of say, like comfort and pure power output on the bike versus aerodynamics. Um, if you're talking about a time trial position. Yeah. [00:10:47] Josh: Oh yeah, for sure. And, and I think even down to, you know, and I think as much as we love to talk science and testing and, and try to be as scientific as possible, I mean, this stuff is really, it's emotionally hard. It's politically hard. It's, you know, companies will bring new equipment in, they're with their engineers. I mean, those guys and girls want that stuff to work so bad. And you know, sometimes you just see things coming out where, Oh yeah, that's clearly faster. And you're like, Well, actually, the way I would interpret that is it's probably about. The same, um, or mm-hmm. , you know, let's, let's rerun that test or, um, you know, it's always, I don't know, it, it, they, they like, people like to get themselves in these loops where, you know, Oh, we did this and it's 10 seconds faster and it's that, And I feel like back in the, you know, when I was with zip, we did this a lot during the Lance Armstrong area and he was writing our disc and, and we were coming in as consultants for the first probably five tours or whatever. And um, you know, every wind tunnel test you'd get to the end and they would have this chart that's like, we just made him 90 seconds faster. And it's like, look guys, that. There is no 90 seconds faster. I mean, you know? Mm-hmm. like, like that is not gonna happen. You know, you, you just did a whole bunch of stuff that's not sustainable that he can't hold his head like that. Mm-hmm. that helmet tails gonna come off the back, you know, I mean, cuz he, people do things like, Oh, oh, the helmet tail moved, rerun. You're like, Yep guys, when you ride in the real world, like the tail's gonna move. Like you don't, you know, people like to, they select data, um, without even realize they're selecting data. And so, you know, it is, it's just good always to have a third party in the room. Um, you know, it's kinda like funny story, you know, back to, you know, my zip days, how Firecrest came about, you know, Firecrest was literally the name of the prototype that, that kind of blew all of our minds. And the reason the prototypes had weird bird names was that we had to double blind them across engineers because you just didn't want anybody. Kind of, you know, having an effect on their product, right? I mean, we all, you know, we all fall in love with our children, right? . And, and in this world, like you, you can't love your children. Um, and you have to be willing to kill them when they're not good. And, um, you know, we would do this double blind thing where we would like assign them all a number and then we would assign bird name, these bird names a number, and then we would randomize it and then they would get all put up. And then nobody really knew whose idea was what, when you were in the tunnel. Um, that's necessary, right? Cause you're, you know, you can be your own worst enemy at that stuff. I think we've, you know, we've all been guilty of that a time or two in our lives. But, uh, you see it all the time, particularly in these performance, um, improvement coaching type things where, you know, people just wanna will something into existence even when it's not. Yeah. [00:13:38] Randall: Well, and I can see, um, you know, the marketing oftentimes has it much more, uh, presented, much more like a, you know, this is just, it's physics. It's more, it's more exact, it's more, um, it's more controlled. And, um, there are competing variables, particularly when you have, you know, a monkey in the middle. You have to, this, this, you know, this animal needs to be comfortable. This animal needs to be fueled, This animal needs to be able to control this machine through a varied environment. And that varied environment may be varying in real time if weather changes or things like this. Um, and so there's just all these competing interests. And so when you see, you know, I often laugh at like, You add up all the different arrow benefits that, you know, different companies claim for components and you should be doing. Right. Right. You know, you might be looking at, um, uh, relativistic effects potentially at some of the speeds you'd be able to achieve. Uh, Jen, just like how, how many watts can be saved. Totally. Being a little bit facetious there. [00:14:37] Josh: Yeah. No, no, it's totally true. I mean, and I still have this photo somewhere, I think I even showed it a couple years ago on social media. But as this, this really great photo that I love that ended up, um, on the wall at the Texas A and Wind tunnel, but it's me with next to Lance Armstrong, um, in the, what became the Nike Swift spin suit, um, that had been flown down there from, you know, Seattle. And it's, uh, oh God, the guy in from his book college or whatever he calls him, and then a guy from Nike, so it's the four of us. And I'm kind of standing there like doing, you know, like pointing at something on his back and it, like, a college student took it for the school newspaper and then they had him autograph it and it ended up on the wall. And so like, Oh, that's me. You know, it's kind of funny. But, but the real story there was that suit, you know, they were paying like 3000 bucks a meter for this suit. They'd been putting it on a mannequin in the tunnel. I mean, it was gonna save three minutes per 40 k. And you're just sitting like going, guys, like, I, I mean, just quick doing the math, like three minutes for Lance Armstrong, you know, like the guys already, That's not possible. And, and of course we get it. We put it on him. Um, the whole thing, you know, it, it's, it's cool, it's fancy, it was very red and it does nothing. I mean, it literally, we were, and the Nike people are there and they're like, Oh, that's not possible. It, it can't do nothing like whole. Let's run it again. Okay. Now get 'em out of it. Put 'em in the normal suit. Run that one. You're like, it, it just doesn't do anything. And, and they just kept going. Well run it again. Well do this. Let's, let's close pin it up. Let's tighten it. Let's, do, you know, I mean, I bet we, we lost two hours trying to make that stupid thing look like it would do anything. You know, And again, it's, it's just people being people and we've all done it. But [00:16:21] Randall: I hear like something of stages, of, stages of grief. Like, you have your baby and like first it's denial, and then you, then you have bargaining. Yeah. Yes. Put so much into this. Yeah, that's exactly, [00:16:32] Josh: that is exactly what it is. And, and you know, the, the crazy reality with that one was, you know, three months later at the tour, they launched it anyway, and they said it saved three minutes and he , you know mm-hmm. . And we, we. It, you know, I just had to laugh. I mean, I remember, you know him, you know, winning whatever one of the time, trials by like a minute and like going, No. So Nike's essentially saying he would've lost that time trial by two minutes had it not been, had he not been wearing that suit. Come on guys. Um, yeah. [00:17:00] Randall: Well, and I think that, that maybe that's, um, you know, headline number one from this interview is don't believe everything you read, especially if it's coming from a party, has a financial interest in it. [00:17:10] Josh: That is true. That is true. Yeah. I, I, I tell don't, don't even believe yourself. Right? I mean, truly like you, you are a bad, um, a bad predictor of things and, and you're a bad feeler of things and nobody wants to admit that. Um, but it's just true. You know, that's, I've been preaching that gospel for, for years. But, you know, I mean, 90, I, I would say 90% of the things you. That you feel when you're on your bike. Total, total crap. Um, and, and we know that cuz we, we've done blind testing with riders. I mean, like unbelievable world class rider. And if you blind them to what they're actually riding, they can't tell you almost any Yeah. Um, you know, all that perception, but still, but the stories away, the [00:17:56] Randall: stories we tell ourselves are powerful. There is a strong placebo effect. Oh, for sure. Uh, for sure. But it has to be acknowledged that that is the placebo. And if you actually had those beliefs about things that had genuine benefits, you would get both, You would get the actual [00:18:11] Josh: benefits. Yes. The, the most powerful thing in the world is a placebo that actually works. Right. , where you get, it's like a, it's a double whammy benefit. Um, and so yeah. That, that's where, you know, I mean, in a nutshell that's a lot of what, you know, I've made my career doing right, is trying to help, help sway people towards the, the, the placebos that, that actually do have a, a, a benefit for them. [00:18:34] Randall: So this has the conversation going in a slightly different direction than I was anticipating, which I'm really enjoying. So I've been, I've been diving into this lecture series from this guy Robert Sapolsky at Stanford. It's on, um, the, uh, uh, behavioral biology, and it's looking at all the different ways in which studies go wrong. And so there's like, you know, beliefs about something, uh, for a long period of time, you know, eminence, people in the field, uh, promulgate these, you know, these ideas. And then it's shown that, you know, the study was, was not, uh, taken, uh, done properly or what have you. And so I'm curious, let's dive more into things that go wrong in the study of aerodynamics and, um, maybe kind of the edge of, say, human performance where interfaces with aerodynamics [00:19:17] Josh: Hmm, ooh. Interest. So, I mean, a, a good. I would say career defining for me, example of that was, um, you know, we, from like 2009 to 2012, we were really all in on developing, uh, CFD for the, for bicycle wheels. And it, it just wasn't working right. Everybody was talking about it and showing papers, and, but I mean, it just, the reality was like the CFD just never looked like the wind tunnel. The curve shapes were different. The data was, we're, we're talking It [00:19:47] Randall: wasn't mid, mid [00:19:48] Josh: nineties, right? Oh, no, Mid, mid late two thousands. Yeah. Like mid, late, late [00:19:53] Randall: thousands. Okay. Yeah. And you're not using, you're having to develop something ground up or you're having to, uh, adapt something from Desso or, or one of these bigger [00:20:02] Josh: vendors. Yeah, So I think the question at the time was, you know, how do you, how do you really properly model the spinning wheel in, in flow that's also translating, right? And you look at. You know, all the CFD stuff with aircraft, um, you know, there's no rotational flow, you know, and then you look at, there's special models that people have built to look at, like, um, turbine jet, turbine engine combustion or whatever. But those are incredibly unique. And they're also, you know, there's RO flow rotating, but in a different access and Yeah. [00:20:36] Randall: The F1 guys perpendicular access. [00:20:38] Josh: Yeah, exactly. Exactly. And so, and then you got the F1 guys who weren't really modeling, um, they were modeling the rotation of the wheels, but they were doing it by modeling a rotational component at the surface of the tire. So you were, you weren't essentially like spinning the wheel, you were just saying, Oh, there's a induced rotation a about this surface. Um, which has been in the, the solvers forever. So [00:21:02] Randall: in interesting, this is taught because the, those wheels are traveling so quickly, especially the top of the wheel. If you're doing 200 miles an hour, the top of the tire is traveling at 400. And so you're having sign significant turbulence at that interface, right? Well, [00:21:15] Josh: and you, you have like Magnus effect, right? You're actually getting pressure differential top to bottom, um, you know, from , the direction of the wheel spinning. And so, you know, we, we could do stuff like that pretty accurately, right? You know, you could look at the, you know, a rotating baseball and, and predict the direction that's gonna curve. I mean, things like that were possible. But, you know, every single, and, you know, my God, I used to get, I still do occasionally, but I, I used to probably get 20 PhD papers a year from kids all over the world. Um, you know, Oh, what do you think of my paper on, you know, CFD of bicycle wheel? And we're like, Oh, it's beautiful pictures, but your data's crap. Um, . And it just wasn't figured out. And, and in 2009, I, I met a guy, Matt, uh, Godo, who's a triathlete, but he also worked for a company called FieldView. And they had built all of the CFD automation for, uh, Red Bull F one, um, and probably half the F1 grid, but his, his big account was Red Bull. Um, and he, I met him at Interbike and he had a paper that he was working on. He said, I think, I think I might have figured this out, but I really need to be able to like, Like, build a wind tunnel in the computer and then look at it so we can directly compare them back and forth. And, and so we, we did that. We published a paper at the a I a, which was at MIT that year, and it went over really well and people liked it. And we published another paper the next year, um, at, at the a i A conference. And that went well. And then we got this big grant, like an $80,000 grant from Intel, um, to really tackle this problem. Cause the, the head technologist at Intel at the time was a guy, uh, Bill Fry Rise, and one, one of the coolest guys I ever met. Um, you know, the kind of guy who, whose resume just has like a five year period that says like Los Alamos , like, [00:23:01] Randall: okay, you're cool. You know? Yeah. Yeah. Not, not allowed to talk about it. What do you do? Yes. Uh, yes, exactly. . But, [00:23:08] Josh: uh, but he was a cyclist and he was some senior, somebody at Intel. And, and, um, And they, they gave us this money and we, we, we really went hard at this and we ended up developing a, essentially all of the little nuance details. Uh, we did it in star ccm. We post processed it in field view. I think we processed it on like a thousand cores, which for 2010 was, you know, a lot. Right. [00:23:33] Randall: Um, and these are, these are, um, CPUs and not GPUs for that era. Right. A lot of the stuff of that era GPUs now, right? [00:23:40] Josh: Yeah. Yeah. I remember we, yeah, I mean, that was the beginning of, uh, that was the beginning of the cloud. It was pretty cool, like 2008, 2009, people were still traveling. I remember at one point in that process there was discussion that like, we might have to travel, um, to, Oh God, what is it? The, the university over there in Illinois had a huge, had like a 1200 core machine and they're like, Okay, we, we might have to go there and, and buy, you know, two days of time. And then as that was happening, cloud. Kind of the beginnings of cloud was there. And I remember we, we met a guy who had a cloud thing, and they had just been bought by Dell. And, uh, we were at a conference and he's like, Oh, no, you know, with our, our thing, What was that called? But, uh, with our thing, you, you can just do it like up in the ether. We're like, Whoa. You had never heard of that before. Yeah. Um, it was just exciting times and, and, uh, but, but we, you know, had this great team. We pulled it together. I mean, that's really where Firecrest came from, right? It was, it was largely designed using, um, Hundreds of iterations of capes predicted to be fast, uh, using this cfd. And, and ultimately we won. We, we became like, I think the first non university and non-governmental group to ever win a, uh, uh, innovation excellence award from the Supercomputing Society. So it was pretty cool. Salt Lake City's like this huge super computing conference and you know, it's like darpa, this and university of that. And it was like these four guys from this bike brand and, you know, was, uh, it was a pretty cool experience. But, but in that, so that's like a huge tangent. No, [00:25:17] Randall: no, this is, this is great. And, and just to take a, uh, stop for a second, CFD computational Fluid Dynamics software that is used to model complex multi-variate systems where there's second order effects and, you know, fluids and, and things like this. So anyone who's not, uh, who's not with us on that, like complicated software for complicated system models, in your [00:25:39] Josh: ideal world, it's like a wind tunnel on your laptop, right? In the, in the George Jetson's version of things. It, it's the wind tunnel on the laptop. And in the reality of things, it's kind of more like, eh, it's about as good as guessing most of the time. But, but, but sometimes it's really good at finding certain really specific things. So I won't, uh, I won't knock it too hard, but why the thing I wanna [00:25:59] Randall: dive in a little bit [00:26:00] Josh: here. Oh, go ahead. Yeah, yeah. Well, let me, so let me finish the, the thing that we discovered in this process that was super cool. Um, was that once we had all of these transient, we were solving for all these transients, um, and we really started looking at not just like the, you know, the, the side force or the yaw force or you think of um, you know, the whole thing with like wheels and handling, right? This all came out of this project cuz you could, you could predict the steering torque on the wheel, which, you know, none of the balances being used to test wheels at the time even had torque sensing, right? You had drag side force and lift, but none of them had the rotational components in there. And so that for us at first was like, oh shit, we've never thought about torque cuz we weren't measuring it. Right? It's sort of one of those, yeah, like you've biased your study all along, but then the big one was looking at the predicted, um, data and there were all of these, uh, harmonic effects. and we kind of looked at each other and we're like, Oh my God, every wind tunnel you've ever been in, Right? The first thing everybody discusses is, you know, what's the, what's the, the time across which you're taking the data and at what frequency? And then you're averaging that data, right? Cuz we're all after a data point. And you could look at the tunnel data and the CFD data, and when you pulled them out of their point form into their wave form, essentially you could see the harmonics kind of lined up, the frequencies match when, oh shit, we've been averaging out a really important piece of data for 30 years. You know, this harmonic thing is big. Like what's your, [00:27:39] Randall: your standard? So it's operating on a, it's operating on a frequency that is smaller than the sample rate. Or how [00:27:46] Josh: was it essentially? Essentially we were just idiots and we were just, we were just time averaging the all of that out. Right. I mean, it's, you know, if you need to Okay. Any wind tunnel you, you went to in the world and be like, Oh, well, we'll take, we here, we take data for 30 seconds at, you know, whatever, a hundred hertz, 60 hertz, 120, or whatever it is, and then we'll, we'll take an average. Oh, okay. That, that's fine. Got it. You're averaging out in there is real, um, uh, like amplitude changes, uh, largely due to vortex shedding is, as it turns out with bicycle wheels. But a lot of that high frequency handling stuff, particularly as wheels get deep, um, , sorry, I'm in, uh, I'm in our studio, which is off of our kitchen and somebody's lunchbox just, just leapt off of the top of the [00:28:34] Randall: refrigerator. Um, yeah, sometimes I'll have a niece or nephew come in screaming, so No worries. Yeah. So, but, [00:28:39] Josh: uh, but no, we, we realized there, there was a, a. About a factor of five difference in amplitude between wheels in terms of that, those oscillating effects. Right. Which typically it's just, it's generally vortex shedding. And the CFD can predict that really well, right? Where your little pressure builds up, sheds off, sets off a counter rotation that sheds off. Um, but as a, as a cyclist, you, you feel that as the wheel, you know, kind of oscillating left to right. Um, and we, and let's, let's for 20 years, you know, [00:29:12] Randall: Yeah. So you're just taking the, the lump, you know, 30 seconds averaged out data and saying, Okay, it gives you this amount of benefit and you're not seeing those. Um, I mean, really what we're talking about is, uh, you know, instability that may. Or, you know, otherwise result in, in control issues on the bike. And I want to take a moment to just like, define some terms, uh, because not, you know, many of our listeners are not overly technical. Um, but uh, I think some of these concepts are easy enough to get your head around, like, so, you know, describe at a very high level you're talking about vs. So, you know, maybe describe lader flow and flow attachments and vortices sheddings. How, how does this, how does this, uh, how can you understand this without a, a technical background? [00:29:59] Josh: Oh, those are awesome questions. Okay. So Lader LaMer flow is kind of what you. What the, the world wants you to think of in the wind tunnel. You see the wind tunnel picture and they've got like the, the 10 lines of smoke and they're all kind of flowing together cleanly and beautifully. That's, that's meant to, to evoke lam or flow, right. That if you were to drop a, a smoke or a particle in there, that they would all flow in lamini, you know, like sheets of paper. Um, yeah. Uh, so, so [00:30:29] Randall: it's going in a straight line. Smooth, [00:30:31] Josh: controlled, Predictable, yeah. Flow. And it, it follows the contours of the thing that it's flowing against. So, [00:30:38] Randall: so kinda like water flowing down a river sort of thing. It's not perfectly laminate, but it's all going roughly in the same direction. And there's not a lot of water [00:30:46] Josh: in a pipe disturbance, you know, would be in a pipe better example, presumably pretty laminate, right? And then you start to add stuff, you know, water in the river. Now you're, you're, you know, you've got a rock and now all of a sudden there's a disturbance and it starts to swirl. Um, and so you, you get into, you know, more complicated types of flow. I, I think the, the big ones, you know, for us to think about are, you know, most, so most drag that we deal with comes from, um, uh, pressure related things. So you either have like the, the high pressure on the front of the rider, right? The wind that you're pushing into this when you stick your hand out the car window, right? The mm-hmm. the air you feel hitting your hand, you know, that's, uh, that's a pressure drag, uh, in the positive direction. And then you have the flow, the vacuum in the back. Yeah. The flow will detach off of the object and that'll create a vacuum behind. And so that's a suction drag, um mm-hmm. . And then when you have something like vortex shedding, it's when, uh, the, the. Description I ever have for vortex sheddings. If you've ever driven an old car with, uh, like the metal antenna on the hood, you know, at some speed on the highway, that antenna starts vibrating, oscillating sideways, which is like the last thing on earth you think it would do, right? Like your brain's like, well, it should just keep bending backwards with speed. Mm-hmm. , why is it going sideways? Well, that's that you get this thing where you have a little, uh, a little curl of flow will kind of detach more on one side than the other, and that creates a side force. Mm-hmm. . But in doing so, the suction that that has now left behind will pull a similar vortex from the opposite side. Mm-hmm. . And that creates an opposite side force. And so you get these, see an oscillation, you get these oscillations and uh, you know, that's, it's huge in architecture and mm-hmm. , it, it's why you see so many of those super tall buildings or kind of have pyramid shapes or might have some sort of like, feature that spirals down them to, to kind of break that up. I, I live [00:32:46] Randall: in Boston. We actually have, um, a skyscraper here that was flexing so much, the windows were popping out. This is, you know, decades ago. And, you know, it's still, you know, they have this like funnel of air that's going through there and just the nature of the shape of it and how air gets funneled in, it was causing enough torsion to, um, you know, cause window de bonding. Um, so yeah. That's crazy. Uh, so then, you know, think applying this to the bike and particularly a wheel, um, you know, this is the biggest effect is, is presumably your front wheel where you're having this oscillation, this shift in pressure from one side to the other at a very high, high level, um, that's causing instability. It's making it so that you may lose control of the bike. It's not predictable. [00:33:34] Josh: Yeah. Correct. Correct. And, and the, the other thing we learned through CFD that it was doing, which is not obvious until you think about it, but so you think of the. So you might have, say it that the trailing edge of the front half of the rim, you're, you, you set up a little vortex shedding situation. Mm-hmm. . Um, and so you've got a little side force, but it's kind of at the, the trailing edge of the rim there. Right? So it's got a little bit of leverage on your steering, but the other thing that's happening is that alternating attachment and detachment of flow, um, changing the side force, but you're a side force at an angle. So there's a lift component, right? Which is how the drag is being reduced. And as that happens, what, what's also now changing is what we call like the center of pressure. And the center of pressure. You think of like the wheel from the side, like, like the sum, the aggregate of all the, the arrow forces on that has a center point about which it's balanced. It's kinda like a center of mass. Um, you know, so it's, it'd be center of pressure. Well, that center of pressure when you have. Shedding happening somewhere that's now moving forwards and backwards and very [00:34:40] Randall: rapidly [00:34:41] Josh: as well. Potentially, Yeah. Rather rapidly. I mean, and, and when you really look, look in on it, it, the frequency actually can be quite close to, um, the, uh, speed wobble frequency, right? Which is somewhere in that like three to four hertz range. Uh, which also happens to be really close to the frequency of human, uh, shivering, which is kind of cool's why you're more likely to, to speed wobble when you're really cold. Um, [00:35:05] Randall: and not everyone just push will have experienced speed wobble. But if, you know, if this is basically your, you, you hit a certain resonant frequency of, of the frame based on the frames geometry, uh, the head tube angle, the what are the factors that go into that, [00:35:20] Josh: Uh, it's top tube stiffness is big and so, yeah. Yeah. And it's actually this speed wobble's. Interesting. It's. It starts as a residency issue, but it's really a, it's a hop bifurcation and, um, a hop B. Okay. And so, yeah. And so what you have in a hop, uh, bifurcation is you essentially have two st two stability, um, would be the best way to think of it. And you are jumping from the one to the other. And so like, right up until that, so the [00:35:48] Randall: system wants to be in one state or the other, but not in the middle [00:35:51] Josh: and there's no middle. Right. And, and what's, what's so cool, like, like early in, um, uh, early in covid, you know, we were all talking about this, you know, what is it the are not value, the, you know, like if it's above or below one. And when you, you line that out that are not, when are not crosses one, it's a hop bifurcation that looks just like the speed wobble, bifurcation, I mean the graph. It's amazing how like, cool those things, you know, mathematically you're like, Oh yeah, that's exactly the same as this. It's just here, it's in a, you know, you get the exact same graph if you're looking at, um, Uh, wing flutter in an aircraft, uh, in the wing tunnel. Mm-hmm. , similar bifurcation problem, but yeah. So you, you, you have essentially two states and the system can get tripped from one end into the other. And in the one the bike is stable and wants to go straight, and in the other it wants to oscillate because each oscillation mm-hmm. is setting up the, the counter oscillation. Um, and so like, it, it's, you know, in resonance it's more of like a runaway you, you think of like the, how that's tradition. Yeah. It amplifi forcing. Yeah. It, it just keeps growing and growing and growing. Um, and in this one it just, it, it, it's not growing and growing, but it just trips you into this spot where like it's really bad. Um mm-hmm. and it will just shake the crap outta you at the front end. And um, and in fact motorcycles quite [00:37:07] Randall: scary. The high performance motorcycles will sometimes have a steering damper for this very reason. Um, because you'll, yeah, you'll get these speed wobbles. And so the damper is essentially making it so there's some exponentially increasing resistance. Um, I, I know you know this, I'm explaining it for our, our audience just in, you know, cause again, I wanna keep bringing it back down to earth, but, you know, having just like your, your suspension, you don't just have a a just a spring, you have some sort of damping circuit so it doesn't feel like a pogo stick. Um, which is a related effect. Um, but, uh, very cool. And are not for our listeners as well. [00:37:47] Josh: Funny. I hadn't thought about that. I haven't thought about that in like two years as we were talking like, Oh, I remember now. That was, uh, yeah. Yeah, that was, uh, But what or not was the, um, Oh shit. It was the. The contagion ratio or whatever, like how, how many people, each person would transmit to mm-hmm. And so if it's, which makes sense, right? If every person's gonna transmit it to 1.1, it grows. If you're gonna transmit it to 0.8, it, it dies. Um, [00:38:12] Randall: so the analogy here is that, that the increasing amplitude of that, you know, those pressure differentials, sending it to the, the system to one state or the other and causing that increasing oscillation, Is that a exactly correct characterization? [00:38:26] Josh: Yeah. Yeah, exactly. Like you, you can take it right up to a line, um, and you don't have a problem. And then as soon as you cross the line, you're in a different state. Mm-hmm. . And, and that's where I think, you know, speed wobble for those of you who've experienced it or chase tried chasing it on a bicycle, um, you can solve it sometimes with like, the stupidest stuff. Um, you know, one of the, the common ones is to just put a little bit of like, um, like, like a heavier bar tape or a little bit of lead weight in like your, um, Uh, your plugs. Mm-hmm. . Mm-hmm. . You can oftentimes change it with a tire pressure or a different tire cuz you can add just enough damping at the contact patch. Um, that it just pushes it up high. You know, if, if, cause typically what people will find is like, Oh, it's, I'm totally fine. Then I hit, you know, 38.5 miles an hour and all hell breaks loose. Well. Mm-hmm. , you change the mass at the top of the system a little bit and maybe you've now pushed that point out to 45 miles an. but if you never go 45 miles an hour, you've affected, that's not a problem. Right? Yeah, yeah. Like, oh yeah, I [00:39:28] Randall: fixed it. I think another example that people may have experienced too is like, uh, sometimes you'll have an issue with your car that, you know, won't notice except that certain speeds and it's because of those speeds. There is some, you know, oscillation that's happening. If it's a tire and balance or something in your drive train or the like. Um, you know, I've, I once had a vehicle that was really good up to 60 and then like 60, 61, it was problematic and then it would smooth out a bit after that and it was just like this wobbling effect that would balance out beyond that, that speed. Um, alright, so then bringing things back down to earth. Um, this is delightful by the way. I, I could do this all day, . Um, and I, I hadn't quite appreciated. Um, the, the basic r and d and like basic science and tool building that you were involved in. Uh, so. That's, its its own topic. That's probably not one for, for a podcast of this particular [00:40:22] Josh: def. Yeah. I, I will say on that, I think that's the part that I think never, you know, the marketing never really tells that side of the story cuz it's just too complicated. Yeah. But if you're, if you're out there and you're, you're into this stuff, like that's the fun stuff. Like, I love launching product and, and the product itself. But like, that crazy journey to get there is usually like, that's where all the fun is happening. And, and, and typically cuz we're, you know, you're doing it wrong, like 90% of the time you're like, you know, it's just can be months or years of like, we suck, you know, this doesn't work, we're getting our sasses kicked. And then you, you know, if you persevere long enough, you will come out the other end and it's like, wow, we, we needed all that stuff. Like, we needed to get our heads handed to us over and over again, or we never would've figured this stuff out. Um, Yeah. I really, really enjoy that part of, um, of, of technology development or whatever you wanna call it. [00:41:16] Randall: Yeah. Basic, like real basic r and d right down to building the tools that you need to do the r and d you want to do, um, Right. . Yeah. Very cool. And obviously like the compute power and the, the algorithms available and, you know, the switch to GPUs and all these other things that have, um, changed since you were developing that make it such that today's models are both vastly more powerful and still yet trivial in complexity relative to the system itself. [00:41:44] Josh: Yeah, totally. [00:41:46] Randall: Yeah. Um, well let's dive into some more practical topics. So let's talk about like, alright, so a lot of our listeners we're the Gravel Ride podcast, right? So thinking about that particular experience, um, what should, what are, what is worth, um, a gravel rider thinking about. Uh, with relation to arrow. Uh, so things that can be done that will improve aerodynamics, but then not take away from the ride experience that a lot of riders are after, particularly when they're going to grab, you know, they wanna be comfortable, they wanna have a good time, they wanna have good control over a variety of different terrain and so on. So what are the arrow? Um, and, and they don't wanna look silly, so they might not be, want wanting to wear a skin suit or something like that. Not that it looks silly, but, but you know, a more, a more serious enthusiast type of rider. Uh, what are the Yeah, what are the things to think about? [00:42:36] Josh: Oh, gosh. That's, that's a good question. Um, I mean, I think it really depends on, on what. Th the particular rider, you know, is after, I mean, are you, are you racing? Do you wanna go fast? Do you wanna not get dropped? Mm-hmm. , um, you know, do you need to carry stuff? I mean, I would say one of, one of the big ones that I, I just see and, and you know, we, we make a ton of stuff in our company and one of, one of them being bags. And, you know, we're constantly accused of not making bags that are big enough. And so I've been on this mission for a couple years of like, you know, what is in there, , Like Really? Mm-hmm. what's in there. Yeah. And it is amazing to me just how much crap people are carrying. You know, you, you open some of these monster seat bags, it's like, man, just because you bought it doesn't mean you need to fill it or use it. Um, you know, it, and, and absolutely there's, there's like time and place for it. But, um, you know, I. Some of the stuff like that, like, Oh, okay. You've, you know, do you, you show up on the local gravel right here and you know, people look like they're, they're almost like bike packing, like mm-hmm. , you just don't need, you know, it, it's a 40 mile loop, you know, that starts and ends at a bike shop. Like, you, you don't need to bring a bike [00:43:49] Randall: shop with you. Well, you, you need your coffee grinder, you need your, your mini stove and you need your neuro press. Yeah, Yeah. Um, different experience. You know, let's assume that we're going after like a performance rider who's, um, like doing, doing, you know, a hundred, uh, a hundred mile events than they're, they're training for it and they wanna squeeze out more performance, um, out of their existing setup. Or they're considering, you know, what bike to get, what wheels to get, what, um, how to set it up, even considering bike fit. Yeah. Or, you know, clip on arrow bars and the, like, what are the different things that people can do and what are the compromises and so on. [00:44:24] Josh: Yeah. I mean, the, I, I think certainly for gravel. The one clear cut, no compromise. Better all around product that I can just always recommend is like a, an arrow top drop bar. I mean, it is amazing how much faster those things are than round section bars. I mean, any really, you know, like pro vibe or the zip fuca or whatever, you know, there's, I think every company makes one. It's that big, you know. Oh, it's hu I mean it like wind tunnel speeds. It's a flattop bar can be like 28 to 30 watts. I mean, it's nuts. Yeah. Cause you're, you're replacing round covered in tape with something that's like pretty thin and shaped Well, sure. Or it can be massive, but, but the, [00:45:05] Randall: I didn't, cuz the cross sectional areas is not that big compared to, you know, the rider and the, the rest of the bike and so on. Some [00:45:12] Josh: No, it's, it's, well and in gravel it has the double effect of being, you know, shaped or ized in the direction that is also gonna add compliance, right? Yeah, yeah. And, and comfort. And so you, you know, it's one of the few products I can really look at and go, okay, that thing is more arrow and more comfortable and has more service area for your right. I mean, better all around. Um, that's a pretty easy one to, to go with. And, and similarly, you know, if you've, you've got the money. I mean some of these, the, the integrated cockpit solutions that are out there are even faster, right? Cause it's just even less. Stuff in the wind. Um, so let's talk you, let's [00:45:48] Randall: talk about that. That's big, a big serviceability compromise and, and you know, fit can be a concern with that too cause it's harder to swap components and so on. How much of that is coming from, um, simply not having the cables running into the down tube? Like, can you get the vast majority of those benefits with cables coming out from, say, underneath the bar? If they're tucked in on the bar or even coming out from the bar and dropping underneath the stem into the, the headset from there? [00:46:14] Josh: Yeah. Yeah. My, my rule of thumb for cables that I always use cuz it's so memorable is, um, You know, Greg Lamond versus Fon in the 89 tour time. Mm-hmm. , So 2020 kilometer time trial. Um, the eight second gap, there was more or less equivalent to Fons ponytail, Right. As we, we loved to joke about a cyclist, but was also the equivalent of one number two pencil length worth of cable housing. So, and [00:46:46] Randall: this is, and this is true even if the cable housing is say, in front of the head tube, so it's going to be disturbed by the head tube anyways, cuz you're getting the drag off of it. Be, you see what I mean? Like, so I, I'm trying to hone my understanding of the [00:46:59] Josh: Yeah. I mean, you think, Yeah. So I, I would think, uh, good way to put that would be that, Yeah. Putting, putting a slow. Crappy thing in front of a smooth thing, you're, you're still getting the drag of the slow, crappy thing. Yep. Um, and you may actually be worsening the flow, um, on the arrow thing. So Yeah. Got it. Absolutely. Still, you still have that effect. Um, you know it, and it's hard to say, you know, in some cases, you know, it's, it's close enough or it's just in like the goldilock zone where it's a good distance away where you're like, Ooh, we can kind of make them disappear. And they become, you know, uh, a almost like the cable isn't there, but that's not typically what we see. And typically, you know, you, you throw a bike in the wind tunnel with that and then you rip the cables out and you run it again and you're, every time it's like, Oh shit. Big difference. Difference. You've, in [00:47:50] Randall: terms of watts, like a few watts here, like, so, so the handlebar is the big one, you said as much as 30 watts at wind tunnel speeds, which granted gravel riders generally are, are, we're [00:48:00] Josh: not going that miles an hour. But you, Yeah, you we're out for a long time. Yeah, but you are out there for a long time, so you don't have the speed. But yeah, you, you definitely have the, the, the potential time saving. So, yeah, I, you know, hidden cables. I agree with you. Total pain in the ass. And, you know, my God, I've spent a career working on world tour bikes and, and you know, Ironman, world champion bikes and things like that. And I, I feel everybody's pain, you know, people are always like, Why is the industry doing this to us? Like, like, Well, cuz you want it and cuz it works. I mean there's no, like, it, it's a pain in the ass, but it works. Mm-hmm. . So anywhere you can get rid of cable. get rid of cables, um, you know, skin suit. I have to say not everybody loves it, but man, it can be a huge, huge difference. Uh, I mean, you look at, you know, we were just out at lead, uh, Leadville and Steamboat, and you know, all the top. Guys at Leadville and skin suits now, cuz it, it makes that big of a difference. Um, arrow bars can be huge and, you know, I think that's, that's one I I think everybody's got their own sort of flavor that they like. But, you know, to me, like for gravel, a stubby, a stubby bar that has functional pads mm-hmm. , um, really can be worth it just because it's a different hand position and it, it's enough that it, it's effectively changing your, kind of, your whole torso position and it, it, it's just giving you a, a break all around. Right. It's different pressure points in your shammy for the time that you're using it. It's different, you know, muscles in your back. Um, I think there's a good, this is the, the extent of my physi physiological knowledge, but I, I think it's good to, to mix things up. Um, like that. I, I know a lot of people have kind of gone to these super. Narrow, stubby, I don't even know what you call 'em. Like semia bars that Yeah, [00:49:46] Randall: mini arrow bars. [00:49:48] Josh: Nowhere to put your, nowhere to rest your weight. And, and it just feels like everybody I know using those is constantly complaining about their wrists, you know? Um, and so I, I, again, not a physical, but the change [00:50:00] Randall: in the change in frontal area, um, is that just an unmitigated benefit or are there circumstances where you can reduce frontal area and, you know, have a negative result within the realm of, you know, changing a Roger's position? [00:50:16] Josh: Yeah, you know, a lot of it depends on your, your baseline and, and how good you are. Positionally, I think, you know, when, you know, we do a lot of position training with top athletes and you know, the. The best place you can be that's not an arrow bar is on the hoods with level forearms. Mm-hmm. , right? Like that's the, and and ideally with relatively narrow bars, [00:50:37] Randall: so, and perpendicular upper arms as well, presumably, [00:50:40] Josh: or give or take. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. I mean it is, it's, you're gonna roughly get there depending on what the rest of the position looks like and, you know, obviously different body shapes and whatnot. But yeah, I mean, you think horizontal forearms are keeping that pretty much out of the wind. Mm-hmm. , Um, and, and they are also keeping it, it's just hard to hold that position, um, with, in a way that you're also still opening your chest. Because, you know, you were really trying to keep air from getting blocked up under the chest. And when you get a rider doing that, they just always kind of form, which I say always, I'm sure there's some counterexamples out there, but they, they almost always, um, kind of adjust their back and their shoulders in a way that they kind of turtle their head a little bit. You know, the head comes down and you're just kind of now pushing more air up over the body and less down into it. Um, but from there, arrow bars are almost always an improvement, right? Cuz you're narrowing the arms, um, you know, you're tightening things up even further and now you're pushing more flow around the sides, um, and less into the chest and less into the hips. And there's some physiological things. You know, people, you know, wide hips, big hands, certain shoulders, certain back shapes, right? That's why we go to the tunnel, you know, it's, it. 90% of the time, you could look at somebody and go, Oh, do this, this, and that, but man, 10% of the time it looks good and you run it and you're like, That's not good, We can just find a different solution. Um, [00:52:10] Randall: yeah. So air bars are huge. Another thing that we're starting to see is, uh, so BMC has their new cas uh, uh, line. They went with a super narrow, uh, handlebar, so narrow at the hoods, and then, you know, flare at the bottom. Uh, that seems like another thing that again, is, Well, I mean, on the one hand, yeah, you're getting narrower, but on the other hand, you're also closing up the chest and maybe, you know, you're not getting as much oxygen, like air turnover or something. Or like, are there issues where I, so [00:52:38] Josh: I, I have been beating the narrow handlebar drum for 25 years. Um, you know, I am yet to actually see or be told by a real physiologist that that whole. Oxygen lung thing that we were all told as juniors is true, is an issue. Um, yeah, I I've just, yeah, we've just never, I mean that, that I know of and I'm sure somebody out there will say, Oh, here's a paper. But, you know, I, I know whenever we've studied it, looked at it, we've looked at it with athletes, I mean, look at what's happening at the world tour. A lot of that is, you know, we've been beating that drum. I'm starting to see that for years, and people are doing it and they're winning. Um, so, you know, and I wonder [00:53:17] Randall: why aren't we seeing it with extreme flare as well, like a compound flare at least, so that you can still keep a, you know, a reasonably vertical lever position because then you could go even narrower and have, um, still have the leverage for the descending and so on. Is that a [00:53:32] Josh: tradition thing? Yeah, I, yeah, I think some of it's that. I think some of it is just, you know, how far do you really wanna push the uci? Um, [00:53:42] Randall: you know, oh, the UCI cares about the flare in your bars. [00:53:46] Josh: Oh, they will. Yeah. I mean, I mean, I think there are actually rules putting some limits on that, but yeah, at some point it's gonna look funny enough that you're gonna draw attention and they're gonna go, Wait a minute. Um, and, and you know, we've, we've [00:53:58] Randall: seen them, I've got a 28 centimeter wide bar with huge flares on there, and I've got specially made levers that come off of it so that I can actually still touch them from the job. [00:54:07] Josh: We have seen it with, I, I can't remember the name of that bar, but I think it's out of Belgium or something. But it's got like, you know, uh, 180 millimeters of reach, um, super narrow with long, and you can kind of lay your forearms. Yeah, yeah, yeah. I remember seeing that and they quickly were like, Nope, that's out. Um, so I, you know, I think we just, people are, people are cautious. I think the, the setups that are working now, um, are very largely built around that, uh, three T track bar. I can't remember what it's called, but, uh, I know. You know, it's got that kind of cool like wing, like gulling shape to it, but it's super narrow, arrow tops, um, relatively vertical, uh, drops. But, but that's a bar that the ucis allowed for years, right? And so I think that as a, you know, when, when conversations are happening behind closed doors, that's the kind of thing of like, Oh, well this looks enough like that, that if they call us out, we, we go in there and be like, Well, it looks a whole lot like this thing that you've allowed for 20 years. Um, you know, we, we have tons of those conversations. Yeah. So, so I, you know, I, I think, but I, I will say, I, I think too, that's where, um, you know, a lot of people might look at the pro tour and things that they're writing. Oh, well if this worked, they'd use it. You know? I mean, that was what people told us when we were building zip in the early days. Well, if they worked, the Pro Pros would ride it. I'm like, Yeah, but they. They don't know what they're, they don't believe in aerodynamics. You know, they, the pros, they don't riding [00:55:34] Randall: super skinny tires at super high pressures cuz they felt faster for a long time, even though, you know, at least, well, you know this better than than I do. I mean, the data has been saying for quite some time that it's more efficient. Never mind the accumulated fatigue that you get when your body's just being, you know, rattled at, you know, high frequency over the course of many hours. [00:55:56] Josh: Yeah, yeah. No, it's, you know, that I would say they're quite often the last, at least as a group to change. Right. But you, you are seeing it now. I mean the, you know, and, and, and you know, the team like Nios hiring a guy, hiring Dan Bigham to come in and, you know, you, you are seeing some changes, right? Uh, that when teams are bringing full-time people like that in, um, we are gonna start moving the needle there, but it's still a delicate dance with the. With the UCI and, and all the sport governing bodies, right? Nobody, You hear it all the time. Nobody wants a repeat of the whole fna. Uh, I don't follow swimming, but I was the technical, uh, committee director for cycling at the World Federation of Sporting Good Industries. And, uh, at the time when FNA Band banned all of the super tight, uh, swimming suits, and it was just a cluster, right? I mean, they just came out and said, Nope, you've pushed it too far. We're done. And if the whole industry was sideways with like, we've invested millions of dollars in this and the records are breaking, and people wanted and on and on and on, and they just said, Nope, you're done. And, uh, I think it took them five years to under undo all that damage. You know, I mean, you just wanna [00:57:11] Randall: something parallel with running too with, uh, carbon fiber insoles and like what is, what is allowed in terms of the amount of spring that can be delivered and so on. Um, Yeah, I, I see, I see them showing up on my local run. And, um, I might have to get a set just to keep up with the people I used to beat, to keep up with [00:57:29] Josh: It's totally true. [00:57:31] Randall: Uh, that's, I mean, that's, that's, to some degree, that's the nature of the game. And that's why in, in significant part, that's why the gear is as good as it is right now is because, you know, people are looking for, as you would say, those marginal gains. Um, yeah. Um, I wanna dive in. So, uh, I want to put, bring in a few, uh, listener questions. Uh, so we posted in the ridership that you were gonna be coming on, and so we had some folks asking questions there. Probably the biggest one that came up was, um, talking about, you know, we've, uh, Craig and I brought up the rule of 1 0 5 or 5% on the podcast before, but, you know, citing, citing it, it's not a deep understanding, uh, at all. So tell us about how that emerged in. How it applies. Um, you know, particularly in the gravel scene where you're looking at tires that are much bigger. Um, and I mentioned, uh, earlier that, you know, specialized as a video for their reval wheels where they're running a a 42 mill tire on i, I think a 35 or less external rim, and they're claiming some arrow benefit. Does that seem plausible? Is there, uh, given, given, given what you have seen in the wind tunnel and in your modeling? [00:58:41] Josh: Yeah. Um, yeah, it's totally plausible and I guess, we'll, we'll start with rule of one. Oh, so rule 1 0 5 was really, you know, I, I realized pretty early in my career that you had to come up with sort of rules of thumb for things or nobody would listen to you Mm-hmm. and, you know, spent two years traveling Europe trying to sell Arrow. Sell World Tour or pro tour at the time, uh, directors and team owners on aerodynamics and you know, I mean literally got thrown out of every single team, team over there. Uh, I mean, it was just, we just got laughed out of the room. Just imagine [00:59:20] Randall: any of those team directors could have just adopted it at that time and had this huge advantage and didn't, [00:59:26] Josh: uh, that was, I mean, I always said, you know, Uli at srm, thank God, you know, he was developing his thing. And when I walked in to pitch Reese, um, he was alrea

In today's show, Trish Regan examines the risk to our markets in the coming months as her guest--investor Neil Grossman--predicts a MASSIVE PLUNGE that will cause the S&P to test the lows of 2008.  Neil Grossman tells Trish there are dire times ahead...and these challenges will last a decade. He's never been so bearish and he blames the U.S. government for its nonstop fiscal and monetary stimulus that have created this looming disaster. Neil is the former founder and chief investment officer at the hedge fund TKNG Capital Partners. He also ran the Proprietary Trading Group for global rates and currencies at JP Morgan and Deutsche Bank, where he ran large derivatives portfolios. In addition to his finance career, Neil is a mathematician, physicist and former corporate lawyer. He practiced corporate law at a major New York firm before his career in finance. He graduated with a JD from the Columbia University School of Law, and has an M.S. and B.S. in Fluid Dynamics from the Columbia University School of Engineering and Applied Science. In addition, Grossman did his post graduate studies at the University of Cambridge in the the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics.  Neil uses his background in math and physics to examine current trends in markets... and right now...all signs point to trouble.  Join Trish on today's program to hear more and find out why we may be heading towards massive declines in the stock market...and importantly, what you can do to prepare and protect yourself.  Also - DON'T FORGET to sign up for the LIVE Town Hall Event on "The State of Our Economy" where you can speak with Trish Regan and her guests directly at https://TrishRegan.Locals.com. Send your questions via email by writing below the live link on LOCALS -- And mark your calendar for WEDNESDAY, OCT 12, 2PM Eastern.  This is an exclusive invitation only LIVE event - so, head to htpps://TrishRegan.Locals  or sign up for Trish's Newsletter at https://TrishIntel.com to secure your invite from Trish.  Links: https://TrishIntel.com https://TrishRegan.Locals.com https://LegacyPreciousMetals.com https://AMAC.US/ReganSupport the show: https://trishregan.store/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

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Marshmallow Laser Feast’s latest piece Evolver premiered at the Tribeca Immersive festival, and it takes you inside the human body in a transcendent journey into

Astrophysical fluid dynamics is a modern branch of astronomy involving fluid mechanics which deals with the motion of fluids, like the gases which the stars are made up of or any fluid which is found in outer space.

Mat Boggs is the CEO of Love and Relationships division in Life Mastery Institute. He believes that we must make decisions that are heart centered because people have longings and desires which are not being met- especially in this new world order with the Pandemic. https://go.lifemasteryinstitute.com/i/?p=Vahail&w=EVG-BreakFree-WebReg Kiragrace yoga clothing company is a perfect example of leading with the heart. This women owned business focuses on women entrepreneurs who dedicate the lives to teaching yoga . Kira Grace also donates 10% of their profit to global women who serve women in India.  www.kiragrace.com for amazing information. Wine- spirits is the focus as it is the season for libations. Fluid Dynamics, Dry Fly and High Wire are all small distilleries in the US. Send me an email and I'll help you locate them in your area. vahail1956@gmail.com) https://tedwardwines.com/producers/fluid-dynamics https://www.patreon.com/Wealthyogawine Please consider supporting the artist at Patreon.

Today, we meet Sahadeo Ramjatan who received his Bachelor's and Masters of Science in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Florida. There he served as President of the Small Satellite Design club where motivated students learn about space exploration through various STEM activities . His dedication helped the organization to win 2nd place for Best Community Outreach from the AIAA Region II Conference. In addition, he performed internships at NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center where he was a recipient of the NASA John Mather Nobel Scholarship. Sahadeo received the Belgian American Educational Foundation Fellowship (BAEF) and studied at the von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics in Brussels, Belgium for 1-year to examine the hypersonic radio blackout of the European Space Agency's ExoMars Schiaparelli mission using computational fluid dynamics. He is currently a PhD student at the University of Minnesota and his research is focused on modeling the ablation of porous materials to help in the design of planetary entry spacecraft heat shields. His research, academic achievement, and commitment to advancing equity and inclusion allowed Sahadeo to participate MIT's Rising Stars in Aerospace virtual academic career workshop. Sahadeo is currently pursuing a minor in Asian and Middle Eastern Studies and in his free time, he likes to practice Indian Classical Music and teach children aspects of South Asian cultures. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/shawna-christenson2/support

In this episode, I converse with Prof. Sujit Datta, an Assistant Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering at Princeton University. Sujit earned a BA in Mathematics and Physics, and an MS in Physics, in 2008 from the University of Pennsylvania. He earned his PhD in Physics in 2013 from Harvard, where he studied fluid dynamics and instabilities in porous media and colloidal microcapsules with David Weitz after which he finished a postdoc in Chemical Engineering at Caltech, where he studied the biophysics of the gut with Rustem Ismagilov. He joined the faculty at Princeton in 2017 and been the recipient of multiple awards like the NSF CAREER Award, AIChE 35 Under 35 Award, ACS Unilever Award, APS Andreas Acrivos Award in Fluid Dynamics. Sujit's lab studies soft and living materials in complex settings, motivated by challenges like water remediation, carbon sequestration, oil/gas recovery, and targeted drug delivery, and their work integrates microscopy, microfluidics, soft materials chemistry, and biophysical characterisation. We indulge in an ebullient conversation on his wonderful journey through science and life; from early fascinations with economics and philosophy to pivoting to maths and physics; fascination with science and the fundamental role of curiosity-driven basic science research in helping shape the world; his terrific set of mentors; kickboxing the stress out of his life; the importance of diversity and inclusion in all walks of life; and many more things!!