Podcasts about Content delivery network

Ashley Peacock, the author of Serverless Apps on Cloudflare, speaks with host Jeremy Jung about content delivery networks (CDNs). Along the way, they examine dependency injection with bindings, local development, serverless, cold starts, the V8 runtime, AWS Lambda vs Cloudflare workers, WebAssembly limitations, and core services such as R2, D1, KV, and Pages. Ashley suggests why most users use an external database and discusses eventually consistent data stores, S3-to-R2 migration strategies, queues and workflows, inter-service communication, durable objects, and describes some example projects. Brought to you by IEEE Computer Society and IEEE Software magazine.

Skip the Queue is brought to you by Rubber Cheese, a digital agency that builds remarkable systems and websites for attractions that helps them increase their visitor numbers. Your host is Paul Marden.If you like what you hear, you can subscribe on iTunes, Spotify, and all the usual channels by searching Skip the Queue or visit our website rubbercheese.com/podcast.If you've enjoyed this podcast, please leave us a five star review, it really helps others find us. And remember to follow us on Twitter for your chance to win the books that have been mentioned in this podcast. Special Clips from our previous guests:Understanding Sustainability Reporting https://skipthequeue.fm/episodes/polly-bucklandPolly Buckland sat on the client side in a marketing manager role at BMW (UK) Ltd before co-founding The Typeface Group in 2010. She's an ideas person, blending creativity and commercial awareness to get the best outcomes for our clients.The Typeface Group is a B Corp Communications Agency + Design Studio based in North Hampshire. Their mission is to counteract digital chatter by championing authentic and strategic communication. Team TFG work with brilliant minds in business to extract, optimise and amplify their expertise, cutting through content clutter and stimulating saleswhile reducing digital waste at all costs.  The Typeface Group have been B Corp certified since October 2021 and is currently going through recertification. Digital Sustainability and the Elephant in the Room https://skipthequeue.fm/episodes/james-hobbsJames Hobbs is a people-focused technologist with over 15 years experience working in a range of senior software engineering roles with a particular focus on digital sustainability.He is Head of Technology at creative technology studio, aer studios, leading the technology team delivering outstanding work for clients including Dogs Trust, BBC, Historic Royal Palaces, and many others. Prior to joining aer studios, James was Head of Engineering at digital agency Great State, where he led a multi-award-winning software engineering team working with clients including the Royal Navy, Ministry of Defence, Honda Europe, the Scouts, and others.He also has many years experience building and running high-traffic, global e-commerce systems while working at Dyson, where he headed up the global digital technical team. Making Holkham the UK's most pioneering and sustainable rural estatehttps://skipthequeue.fm/episodes/lucy-downing-and-sue-penlingtonLucy Downing - Head of Marketing and Sue Penlington - Sustainability Manager at Holkham Estates.  Transcription:  Paul Marden: Welcome to Skip the Queue, a podcast for people working in and working with visitor attractions. Paul Marden: When consumers are asked if they care about buying environmentally and ethically sustainable products, they overwhelmingly answer yes. A recent study by Nielsen IQ found that 78% of us consumers say that a sustainable lifestyle is important to them. And while attractions have been great at a wide range of initiatives to improve their sustainability, this year's Visitor Attraction Website Survey will show that as a sector, we're lagging behind on digital sustainability. Paul Marden: So in today's episode, I'm going to talk about the learning journey I've been on personally, along with my colleagues at Rubber Cheese, to understand digital sustainability and how to affect real change. Paul Marden: I'll talk about what I've learned from hosting this podcast and how we've started to make real changes to our processes and our client sites to make them more sustainable. Welcome to Skip the queue. I'm your host, Paul Marden. Paul Marden: Back in April, I spoke to Polly Buckland from The Typeface Group about the importance of sustainability reporting. Polly Buckland: There's buckets of research out there as to the relationship between consumer behaviour and sustainability. So McKinsey did a study. “60% of customers actively prioritise purchasing from sustainable businesses.” Capgemini, “77% of customers buy from and remain loyal to brands that show their social responsibility.” I could literally keep quoting stats as to why businesses should take their sustainability goals very seriously and the communication of their sustainability initiatives very seriously, because it's becoming clearer. There was another stat about primarily women making the decisions based on sustainability of a business, and Millennials and Gen Z being sort of high up the list of people that are taking sustainability creds into consideration when they're making a purchase. So, I mean, it's a barrel load of stats that suggest if you don't have your eye on sustainability reporting and communicating your sustainability goals, you perhaps should have. Paul Marden: Of course, many attractions have been blazing a trail on the subject of sustainability for years. Going back in the archives of Skip the Queue to 2021, Kelly spoke to Lucy Downing, the Head of Marketing, and Sue Penlington, the Sustainability Manager for the Holkham Estate. First, let's hear from Kelly and Lucy. Kelly Molson: Lucy, I wondered if you could just give us an overview of Holkham Estates for our listeners that might not be aware of you or visited there themselves. Lucy Downing: So if you sort of picture it, most of the time when you think about stately homes, you picture a stately home with a garden. At Holkham, we are very much a landscape with a stately home. So 25,000 acres. We have a national nature reserve. A beach, b eautiful beach. It's been in Shakespeare in love. If you know the final scenes of Gwyneth Paltrow walking across the sands, that's Holkham, a bsolutely stunning. We're a farm, but at the centre of that, we've also got our 18th century palladian style mansion and that's home to Lord Lady Leicester and their family. They live in the halls. It's a lived in family home. But then we also have all of our visitor facing businesses. Lucy Downing: So we've got the hall, our Holkham stories experience, which is an attraction museum telling us all history and the now and the future of Holkham. Lucy Downing: We've got a high ropes course, cycle hire, boat hire, normally a really buzzing events calendar. We have accommodations. We've got Victoria Inn, which is near the beach. We've also got Pine Woods, which is a holiday park with caravans and lodgers. We have our self catering lodges, which within the park. And then we've got farming, conservation, gamekeeping, land and properties. We've got nearly 300 properties on the estate that are tenanted. A lot of those people work for Holkham, or if not, they work in the local community. We've got forestry and then we've also officiated and it's won lovely awards for the best place to work in the UK. It's a stunning landscape that surrounds it and we've got. I don't know if you've heard of her, but Monica Binnedo, which is global jewellery brand, she's based at Longlands at the offices. Lucy Downing: She decided a few years back to base her whole business there. She got all of her shops around the world, but that's where her business is. And I think she's ahead of the times, ahead of this year. She sort of knew how wonderful it would be to be working, I suppose, and not in a city centre, so I hope that gives you a flavour. But, yeah, I think it's 25,000 acres of beauty, landscapes with a house in the middle and lots of wildlife. Kelly Molson: I mean, it really is one of the most beautiful places and that stretch of the world holds a really special place in our hearts. It's somewhere that we visit very frequently and it's stunningly beautiful. Paul Marden: Later in that episode, Sue shared her insights on their sustainability strategies. Sue Penlington: So we've got three main themes. One is pioneering environmental gain I, which is all about connecting ecosystems and biodiversity and habitats. One is champion low carbon living, which is all about carbon emissions, our impact on construction and housing, our leisure operations. That sort of thing, and farming. And then the last one is the one that we always talk about. Tread lightly, stamp out waste. So that's all about recycling, reducing single use plastics and that sort of thing. So those three themes are what we're running with for 2021. We've got three goals, which are quite ambitious as well. And for me, I just see 2021 as that year of change where we'll make an impact. So we've done quite a lot of talking, and rightly so, and we want to take our visitors on that journey and really start to chip away at those goals. Paul Marden:  Now, let's talk a little bit about the fears around talking about sustainability. I think one of the things that is getting in the way of an open discourse around digital sustainability is fear. We're afraid of being judged by our actions and our intentions. In a recent survey by Unilever of social media influencers, 38% were afraid to openly discuss sustainability for fear of being accused of greenwashing. Again, let's hear from Polly, which is. Polly Buckland: Why, again, that storytelling part of the impact reporting is really important for me, because I will say we are not perfect. These are the things that we know we need to work on, but these are the things we've done better. And that's what I really like. The BCorp BIA assessment and their framework is because it takes you across five categories of measurement, and no one's perfect in any of them, but what it does do is it provides a framework for you to better. Paul Marden: Yes, absolutely. Polly Buckland: And measure yourself against. Yeah, I think if. I think the messaging behind your sustainability is really important. If you're professing to be perfect and you're not, you will get stung, because I think people can see through that. But if you are showing that you're trying to better, I don't think many people could argue with that. Paul Marden: Now, let's rewind a little and talk about my interest in digital sustainability. When I spoke to James Hobbs of the aer studios about digital sustainability back in July, we talked about my ignorance. So my background was at British Airways and I was there for ten years. It really wasn't that hard to spot the fact that environmentally, that we have a challenging problem, because when you stood on the end of Heathrow Runway, you can see what's coming out the back end of a 747 as it takes off. But I don't think I ever quite understood the impact of what I do now and how that's contributing more to CO2 emissions than what I was doing previously, which, yeah, I just don't think there's an awareness of that more broadly. James Hobbs: No, yeah, I'd agree. And it's complicated. Paul Marden: In what way? James Hobbs: I guess it's complicated to quantify the carbon impact of the type of work that we do in the digital industry because I guess there's what we're shipping to end users, which is one thing, but most modern websites and applications and stuff are built on a big tower of cloud services providers and all of their equipment has to be manufactured which has a carbon impact and rare earth metals need to be mined out of the grid. All of that stuff. Theres a big supply chain backing all this stuff and we can influence some of that directly, but a large chunk of it, we cant. So it makes choosing your suppliers quite important. Paul Marden: But in a presentation by my friend Andy Eva-Dale, now CTO of the agency Tangent, he opened my eyes to the impact that the digital sector has on the environment. The Internet consumes 1021 terawatt hours of electricity per year. That's more than the entire United Kingdom. Globally, the average webpage consumes approximately 0.8 grammes of CO2 per page view. For a website with 10,000 monthly page views, that's 102 kilos of CO2 per year. And as we'll see in a bit, the Rubber Cheese Visitor Attraction Website Survey shows this year that the websites in our sector are anything but average. But let's talk about my learning journey. I've used this podcast as a way to learn about the sector and to drill down into sustainability itself. My interviews with Polly and James taught me a lot. It's one of the real benefits of running a podcast. Paul Marden: I can sit and ask people questions that in real life they may not want to talk about. Beginning from absolute first principles. Following the advice from James in the podcast, I've gone and studied the online materials published by the Green Software foundation, including their green software practitioners certificate. Some of that is quite technical, but a lot of what's in there is a real interest to a lot of people. Now let's talk a little bit about what I've learned along that journey. In an interesting conversation with Andy Povey the other day, he talked about people's innate reaction to digital sustainability and that for many people, the move to digital feels sustainable. I'm not printing things out anymore, so it must be sustainable. Of course, all that computation and networking has a massive global impact on greenhouse gas emissions, so not every website is sustainable. Paul Marden: In another conversation I had recently, someone said to me, why does all of this digital sustainability stuff matter? If I host my site on a green hosting server, there's no harmful emissions from the server. But that's only one part of a complex web. The power needed to connect up all the servers in the world and to all of the endpoint devices is immense. Of course, the carbon emitted to generate power varies country by country as well as by time. And that's not really in our control. But we can definitely control the impact our website has on all of that infrastructure. As the web page is in flight over the Internet to somebody's mobile device, the power it uses and consequently the carbon emitted along the way is therefore something that's definitely in our control. Paul Marden: The other source of learning for us this year has been the sustainability elements of the rubber cheese survey of visitor attraction websites. We made sustainability a core theme of this year's survey and we found some really interesting things. 80% of attractions in our survey have got some sort of sustainability policy, which is an amazing achievement and sets a benchmark for the sector. Also, a number of attractions are taking active steps to improve the sustainability of their website. But we found that this isn't necessarily being done in a framework of measuring and monitoring the sustainability of their website. So the changes that people are making could be making improvements to the sustainability of their site, but at worst, some of the techniques being used could actually harm the performance and sustainability of the website. Paul Marden: The thing is, if you're not testing and measuring, you can't ever know whether the changes that you're making are effective. The Green Business Bureau talk about how benchmarks provide a reference point to assess trends and measure progress and baseline global data. They say, "Companies have begun measuring sustainability performance, which allows them to make continuous assessments, evaluate where they lie on the sustainability agenda and make data driven decisions and policies. Measuring sustainability requires proper selection of key sustainability metrics and a means of making effective process improvements. These measures provide real time data and much needed quantitative basis for organisations to strategise and mitigate environmental and social and economic risks." I'll come back to making process improvements later, but for now let's just stick with measures. Back to James Hobbs, who talked about the ways in which you can measure the CO2 emissions on our website. James Hobbs: There are some tools out there that you can use to help you quantify the carbon impact of what you've got out there in the wild now. So the big one that most people talk about is websitecarbon.com, which is the website carbon calculator that was built by, I think a combination of an agency and some other organisations come up with an algorithm, it's obviously not going to be 100% accurate because every single website app is slightly different and so on, and as a consistent benchmark for where you are and a starting point for improvement. Tools like that are really good. Ecograder is another one. Those offer non technical routes to using them. Paul Marden: Now, both of these websites use similar technologies and methodologies to understand the CO2 emissions of a website. But the survey shows more than half of attractions have never tested the CO2 emissions of their site. This got me thinking. If it's that easy to test the sustainability of a single webpage and you can run them on any website, but most attractions aren't doing it, then what can we as Rubber Cheese do to help? So in this year's survey, we've run the largest audit of visitor attraction sustainability scores that we're aware of. So working with our lovely podcast producer Wenalyn, who also supports me with the survey, firstly, I run a proof of concept gathering and comparing data for a small number of attractions in our database this year. Paul Marden: Once we began to better understand the data, Wenalyn went and ran this against all of the sites that were in our database. With this, we hope to support the sector with a benchmark of webpage sustainability that can be used by anyone in the sector. And what this has shown us is that 58% of attraction websites are rated f by Website Carbon. That's 8% worse than the general population of all websites. But the sobering thing for me as an agency owner is that the sites that we build were in that 58%. The work that we've been doing recently isn't good enough from a sustainability perspective. So this triggered a number of projects internally for us to improve the sustainability posture of the sites that we design and build. Paul Marden: So I'm going to dig into one of those sites and the journey we've been on to remediate the sustainability of their site, because I think it can give a really nice understanding of the journey that you have to go on, the changes that you can make, and what the impact of those changes could be. Now, we started by benchmarking the scores for the site in question from Website Carbon and Ecograder. And this site was a grade F and marked 51 out of 100 by Ecograder. From there, we drove our improvements off of the feedback that Ecograder gave us. We worked as a team to estimate the work involved in the feedback from Ecograder to identify the tasks with the lowest estimated effort and the highest potential impact. Paul Marden: Essentially going for the quick wins, we implemented a number of really simple measures, we implemented lazy loading of images. This is making the browser only download images when they're just about to show on screen. If you don't lazy load an image on a page, then when the webpage opens, the browser will go and grab the image, calculate the size, and redraw the webpage with that image in it, even though the image is off screen. If the user then clicks something in the top part of the screen, maybe in the top navigation, and they never scroll down, they will never see that image. So all that network traffic that was used, all the computation in the browser to be able to figure out the size and paint the screen, was completely wasted because the user never got to see the image. Paul Marden: So by lazy loading, it means that if a person doesn't scroll all the way down the page, then an image near the bottom of the page will never get loaded. And it's an incredibly simple code change that you can write in now. This used to be something that you had to write custom code to implement, but most browsers now support lazy loading, so it should be really easy for people to implement that. Paul Marden: Another thing that we did was to correctly size images. We found that, but with best rule in the world, our editors were uploading images that were very high resolution, very big images, even though on screen we might only show a thumbnail. By resizing the images inside WordPress, we've made it easy for our editors to upload whatever size image that they like. But we only share the smaller image when somebody views the webpage, again, cutting down network traffic as a result of that. One other thing that we made a change on was to make the website serve more modern image formats. Paul Marden: Again, we used a WordPress package to do this, called imagify, and it means that our editors can upload images using the file formats that they're familiar with, like JPEG, GIF and PNG, but that we convert them to more modern formats like WebP inside WordPress. And that has better compression, making the images smaller without any discernible loss of quality, and making the whole webpage smaller, lighter, faster as a result of it, which has the impact of reducing the CO2 emissions that are needed to be able to use that webpage just as a guide. We measure everything that we do in the business in terms of the time it takes us to do things. So we're real sticklers for time tracking, but it was really important in this project for sustainability to work out what the differences were that were making. Paul Marden: So these changes, those three that I just outlined there cost us about a day and a half of development effort and much of that was done by one of our junior developers. So it wasn't hugely complex work that was done by an expensive, experienced developer. But in return for those changes, that one and a half days of effort, we've seen an improvement in rating by website carbon from F  to B and on eco grader from 54 out of 100 to 83 out of 100. This puts the site well into the realm of better than most websites on the Internet and better than 84% of attractions in this year's survey. Is it enough? No, of course not. We can do more and in fact, there are still technical improvements that we can make that don't impinge at all on the user's experience. Paul Marden: We can and we will make more changes to move the site from B to A or even to A+. But there's no doubt that following the old 80-20 rule, these marginal gains will be progressively harder and more costly to achieve. And there may be changes that are needed that will impinge on the user experience. Some things you cannot improve from a sustainability perspective without changing what the user is going to experience. If you've got an auto playing video on your website that consumes bandwidth, it generates network traffic. You cannot remove that video without removing the video entirely and changing it to be something that isn't autoplay but plays w hen a button presses that will have an impact on the user experience. Not everyone will click that button. Paul Marden: Not everyone will watch that video and say not everyone will necessarily have the same feeling about the attraction that they got when there was an autoplay video in place. But there are undoubtedly lots of things that can be done that don't impact the user experience of the site. One of the changes that we still haven't made, which is a little bit more effort, it's a little bit more complexity, and adds a little bit of costs to the hosting of the website is the introduction of a Content Delivery Network or CDN. Here's James Hobbs again from aer. James Hobbs: From a technical angle, I think one of the most impactful things you can do, beyond making sure that your code is optimised and is running at the right times, at the right place, is simply to consider using a content delivery network. And for your listeners who aren't familiar with a content delivery network, a CDN is something that all of us have interacted with at one point or another, probably without realising. In the traditional way of serving or having a website, you've got some service somewhere in a data centre somewhere. When someone types your website address in, it goes and fetches that information from the web server and back comes a web page in the simplest sense. James Hobbs: Now, if your website servers live in Amsterdam and your users on the west coast of America, that's a big old trip for that information to come back and forth, and it's got to go through lots of different hops, uses up lots of energy. A Content Delivery Network is basically lots and lots of servers dotted all over the planet in all of the major cities and things like that can keep a copy of your website. So that if someone from the West Coast of America says, "Oh, I'm really interested in looking at this w ebsite.", types the address in, they get the copy from a server that might be 10,20, 50 miles away from them, instead of several thousand across an ocean. James Hobbs: So it loads quicker for the user, which is great from a user experience, SEO, but it's also great from an energy point of view, because it's coming from somewhere nearby and it's not having to bounce around the planet. That's one thing that you could do that will make a massive and immediate impact commercially and from a sustainability point of view. Paul Marden: So there's another example of something that you can do that has very little impact on the experience of the website. In fact, it massively improves the user experience of the website, takes relatively little effort, but offers a huge improvement. Those are all things that we've done to one individual website. Let's talk a little bit about how we bake that into our process. In a 2022 article in the Harvard Business Review about how sustainability efforts fall apart, they recommend embedding sustainability by design into every process and trade off decision making. I found that language really interesting. It's similar to the language used widely in technology and security that was popularised during the launch of the EU General Data Protection Legislation, which talks a lot about having a security by design approach. Paul Marden: So taking this idea of designing sustainability into every process and trading off the decision making, we've incorporated it into our sales proposal, writing, designing and testing processes. Our people responsible for selling need to bake sustainability into the contract. We want to hold ourselves and our clients accountable for the sometimes difficult decisions around meeting a sustainability target. So we'll discuss that target at the beginning of the project and then hold ourselves to that throughout the design and build process, thereby not needing to do all the remediations that we've just done on the other website, because it's typically much easier, quicker, cheaper for us to implement a lot of those things. The first time through the project, as opposed to as a remediation at the end. We've also baked sustainability testing into our process. Paul Marden: No site goes live without having been tested by both website carbon and eco grader to make sure that the site meets the criteria that we set out at the beginning of the work. So we've thought a lot about how we can improve what we do and we've started to go back and remediate over some of the work that we've done more recently to make improvements. But my learning journey hasn't been entirely smooth. There are challenges that I've hit along the way. I think there's a few interesting challenges that are to be expected as you're going about learning things that I wanted to share. For example, we've done work to remediate the scores of one of our sites and been super excited with the impact score. Paul Marden: I mean, went from bottom of the Fs to A+, only to deploy those changes into production and it didn't move the dial at all on the production website. And that was heartbreaking. Once we looked into that in more detail, thinking that we've done loads of changes, move the dial such a dramatic amount, only to launch it into the wild and it barely touched things. What we realised that in the test environment that we used, we had password protection in place and the website carbon and Ecograder were testing the password screen, not the actual homepage underneath it. So there was a lesson learned for us. The other area where we've made lots of learnings is during the survey when we created our sustainability benchmark. We've seen test results so good that they can't be explained. We've seen somebody hitting 100 on Ecograder. Paul Marden: We've also seen scores that were contradictory on Ecograder and Website Carbon, and also scores that have dropped dramatically. When we first tested in August and did a validation test checked last week, we're still working our way through these wrinkles and I think some of it is because we're looking at many hundreds of websites rather than trying to learn by testing and improving just one site. But beyond the kind of technical challenges, there remain some things that I simply don't understand. And my mission going forward is to fill those gaps. Firstly, while both Ecograder and Website Carbon use the same underlying principles and tools to calculate CO2 emissions, they often can and do give different results. Paul Marden: Not just in the fact that one is A+, a F score and the other is out of 100, but that the basic page sizing in kilobytes and consequently the CO2 can and often is different depending on which tool you look at. And I don't understand why that is, and I need to look into that. And I'm sure we'll come back to the podcast and talk more about that once I do understand it better. But the other problem is that I'm struggling with the size of the problem and the size of the prize. There's no doubt in my mind that making these improvements is the morally right thing to do, and commercially it's right as well, because it improves your outcomes on the website as well as the sustainability. Paul Marden: I'm just struggling with the business case, because if I had an unlimited budget, I do make every change in business that improves the sustainability posture of the business. But most marketers, most people that listen to this podcast don't have an infinite budget. They have a very finite budget, and so they have to put their budget to work where it's going to have the most impact. And what's the return on investment of spending 5k on improving the website versus changing light bulbs to leds, or moving away from gas powered water heaters in the outside toilets by the penguins? It's really difficult at the moment for me to be able to understand where this is the right and sensible investment of sustainability funding within an organisation. So I've shared my learning journey over the year. What about you? What can you do next? Paul Marden: For one last thought, let's head back to the conversation between Kelly and Lucy and Sue from Holkham. Kelly Molson: Are there any advice that you could share with our listeners in terms of how they start or begin to look at sustainability? Lucy Downing: Interesting. I was chatting with Lord Leicester yesterday about the subject and were sort of agreeing that I think you definitely need to know where you are, particularly as a business. You know where you are, because then you can set your goals in a realistic fashion. And I think the one thing to remember is that it has to be realistic, because you need to set goals that you can financially deliver, because if they're not financially viable, then you're not going to be here as a business to deliver them. And what we're also finding and talking to other businesses that actually quite a lot of the sustainability gains that you can make are actually in financial ones too, because you probably cut down on some of your resources that you're using, you'll think better, you'll work smarter. Lucy Downing: So it's just, I think that's something to definitely remember, that it has to be sustainable in all ways, socially, financially and environmentally. That's definitely some key advice. And I think be authentic. There's a lot of talk around greenwashing. Don't be guilty of thinking, wow, this is something we really should do and we're going to do it and just talk about it. It has to be authentic. So really think about where you can make the biggest changes environmentally for sustainability and focus on those and just make sure. Yeah, it's like us really. We're saying we're launching our sustainability strategy, but actually for the past ten years, we've now we've got 100 acre solar farm, we've got anaerobic digester, we heat the hall and all of our businesses with woodchip, so we've got our biomass boilers. Lucy Downing: So we've been doing it for quite a long time without telling anyone. But what we're now doing is saying, actually, that's not even enough, we need to up it further. So, yeah, that's the thing. I think it just has to be authentic and realistic. Sue Penlington: Yeah. And from my point of view, I'm a bit of a doer do and not a talker, so don't get bogged down. It could be absolutely overwhelming. And I think when I was first approached by my boss here, I was just like, wow. Because it isn't just rubbish, it's every single business. Sue Penlington: It's huge. But from my point of view, small differences can make a really big impact and keep chipping away at it because solutions are out there. There's loads of people doing really cool things. And, you know, every night I'm on Google looking up something else or going down another rabbit hole because I've seen something on Twitter. So for me, every day is a school day. But, yeah, get stuck in and collaborate with other like minded people. You know, nowadays you're not considered swampy because you're talking about sustainability. Sue Penlington: Well, you know, it's totally on brand, isn't it? And let's not reinvent the wheel. If we can learn from other people, then let's do that. I mean, go for it. Literally, every single individual can make a difference. Kelly Molson: Oh, Sue, that's. Yeah, you've just got me right there, sue. And I think what you said about collaborating and learning from people, that has been something that's so key this year. People are so willing to share their plans, they're so willing to share what they're doing and how they're doing things. Especially within this sector, there's always somebody that's doing or, you know, a couple of steps ahead of you that you can learn from. And people are so willing to kind of give up that advice and their time at the moment as well. So definitely that's a key one for me. Ask people. Ask people for help. Ask people how to do things. Paul Marden: I'd like to thank everyone that contributed to this episode, including Kelly, Lucy and Sue at Holkham, Polly at TFG and James at aer. Thanks to everyone that's helped me with this journey in the last year, the lovely clients we've talked to, the survey respondents, and my team at Rubber Cheese, Steve, Ben, Tom, Sinead, Wenalyn, and Oz, who've all worked really hard to benchmark the sector and to make continuous improvements to our client's sustainability. As you know, we're really experimenting with the podcast format at the moment, and if you like this or any of the other changes, I'd love to hear. And if you don't, then tough, go make your own podcast. Only joking. I'd love to hear. If you think we can make improvements, you can find me on X, @paulmarden and also on LinkedIn. Paul Marden: If you're at VAC this week, the Visitor Attraction Conference, then I'll be there with Oz and Andy. So come and say hi to us and I'll see you again in a couple of weeks time. Paul Marden: Thanks for listening to Skip the Queue. If you've enjoyed this podcast, please leave us a five star review. It really helps others find us. And remember to follow us on Twitter for your chance to win the books that have been mentioned. Skip The Queue is brought to you by Rubber Cheese, a digital agency that builds remarkable systems and websites for attractions that helps them increase their visitor numbers. You can find show notes and transcriptions from this episode and more over on our website, SkiptheQueue.fm. The 2024 Visitor Attraction Website Survey is now LIVE! 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Skip the Queue is brought to you by Rubber Cheese, a digital agency that builds remarkable systems and websites for attractions that helps them increase their visitor numbers. Your host is Paul Marden, CEO of Rubber Cheese.Fill in the Rubber Cheese 2024 Visitor Attraction Website Survey - the annual benchmark statistics for the attractions sector.If you like what you hear, you can subscribe on iTunes, Spotify, and all the usual channels by searching Skip the Queue or visit our website rubbercheese.com/podcast.If you've enjoyed this podcast, please leave us a five star review, it really helps others find us. And remember to follow us on Twitter for your chance to win the books that have been mentioned in this podcast.Competition ends on 17th July 2024. The winner will be contacted via Twitter. Show references: https://aerstudios.co.uk/https://www.linkedin.com/in/jamesliweb/ Tools for Sustainability:https://ecograder.com/https://www.websitecarbon.com/ James Hobss is a people-focused technologist with over 15 years experience working in a range of senior software engineering roles with a particular focus on digital sustainability.He is Head of Technology at creative technology studio, aer studios, leading the technology team delivering outstanding work for clients including Dogs Trust, BBC, Historic Royal Palaces, and many others. Prior to joining aer studios, James was Head of Engineering at digital agency Great State, where he led a multi-award-winning software engineering team working with clients including the Royal Navy, Ministry of Defence, Honda Europe, the Scouts, and others.He also has many years experience building and running high-traffic, global e-commerce systems while working at Dyson, where he headed up the global digital technical team. Transcription:  Paul Marden: Welcome to Skip the Queue, a podcast for people working in and working with Mister attractions. I'm your host, Paul Marden. The last twelve months have been the warmest of any twelve month period since records began. And while over 70% of attractions have a sustainability policy, only 12% have actually tested the CO2 emissions of their website. In today's episode, we're joined by James Hobbs, Head of Technology at Air Studios and a member of the Umbraco Community Sustainability Team. James shares some easily actionable tips to reduce the emissions of your website. Paul Marden: James, welcome to skip the queue. Lovely to have you. James Hobbs: Thanks for having me. Paul Marden: So we always start with some icebreaker questions. So it would be unfair if I didn't inflict the same pain on you. James Hobbs: Go for it. Paul Marden: Let's start with a nice one, I think. What actor would you want to play you in a film about your life? James Hobbs: I mean, instinctively, I'd say someone like Jack Black. Just think he's really funny. A lot more funny than me. I'm not sure how much of a resemblance there is. He's got a much better beard than I do someone. Yeah. If there's gonna be an adaptation, I'd like it to be funny. Paul Marden: I like the idea of that one. I think I'd struggle with that one. I'd struggle to pick. Yeah, you know, it's gotta be an archetypal geek that would play me in the story of my life. I'm not sure who that would be. James Hobbs: Not John Cena or something like that. Paul Marden: So the next one, I'd say this one I found really hard, actually. What was your dream job when you were growing up? James Hobbs: Oh, okay. So I can answer that one easily because my parents still take the Mickey out of me for it. So when I was quite young, I told them very kind of certified. When I grow up, I want to be part time mechanic, part time librarian. Paul Marden: Well, that's an interesting job, shed. James Hobbs: Yeah, it's really random, I think, because I like, I love books. I love reading. Did back then, still do now. I also like dismantling things. I was never very good at putting them back together and then continuing to work. But, yeah, that was my aspiration when I was a kid. Paul Marden: I remember going to careers advisors and just some of the tosh, they would tell you. So everybody was told they could be an undertaker and you got your typical finance jobs. But I really. I desperately wanted to be a pilot. And I was told by the optician I couldn't because of eyesight, which was nonsense. But actually, I couldn't have done the job because I have a zero sense of direction. So later in life, when I trained for my private pilot's license, I got hopelessly lost a couple of times. The RAF are very helpful, though, when that happens. James Hobbs: They come up, fly alongside you and tell you to get out of their airspace. Paul Marden: They don't like people invading the Heathrow airspace. And I was dangerously close to it at the time. James Hobbs: Nice. Paul Marden: That's another story, though. But no, they sent me from my work experience to work in the local council finance department. Department, which I don't think could be more different than being a pilot if you actually tried. James Hobbs: I mean, it's not the most glamorous, I mean, it's important, but, you know, it's not quite Top Gun, is it? Paul Marden: No, no. Exactly. There you go. Tom Cruise. That can. He can play me in the film of my life. James. So we want to talk a little bit about digital sustainability. So I thought it'd be quite nice for you to tell the listeners a little bit about your background in digital and more specifically the stuff that you've been doing more recently in digital sustainability. James Hobbs: Okay, I'll give you the most succinct property history I can. So I guess my background 15, 16 years ago started off as a developer, not a very good one. And since then I've worked for a range of different sorts of organisations. So everything from a local council, national charity, global manufacturing company, and then two digital agencies. For the last ten years or so, I've been more in leadership positions, obviously have to stay close to the technology. And in more recent years, one of the big passions of mine, I suppose, or something I'm really interested is the sustainability side of digital, because I think it's interesting and that we can make a massive impact, which I'm sure we'll talk about at some point. James Hobbs: But my current role is I'm Head of Technology at a creative technology studio called Air Studios, who also share my enthusiasm for sustainability. So I'm excited to do some work there. Paul Marden: Yeah. And my background stalking of you told me that air does some work in the attraction sector as well, doesn't it? So you work with a few attractions? James Hobbs: Yes, that's right. Yeah, we've got a few. Paul Marden: So there's some form here. James Hobbs: Yeah, I would say so. Paul Marden: Cool. One of the things that I know that you've been working with is so we're both. We've spent a lot of time in the Umbraco community, and Embraco is a content management system that a few attractions use not many, but some tend to be larger organisations that use Umbraco typically. But we've both spent time in the Umbraco community going to lots of events and talking to a lot of people. But one of the contributions you've made over the recent period is joining the Umbraco Sustainability Team. What is it, what does it do and who's involved in it? James Hobbs: Okay, so the Umbraco has this concept of community teams, which I think is a, Umbraco is a very unique organisation. Anyway, you know this because you're part of community as well, but they have a very strong connection and link with the community of developers. And not just developers, anyone who has anything to do with Umbraco and works with it. And the sustainability team is one of the several community teams that exist. The idea is that it brings together people from Umbraco's and people from the community who have a shared passion in something relevant to Umbraco to help steer it, share knowledge, and ultimately achieve a goal. And for the sustainability community team, the goal is to, I guess it's multifaceted. Firstly to make Umbraco as a product more sustainable, which is brilliant. James Hobbs: Secondly, to raise awareness of what organisations or individuals need to do to be able to improve the sustainability posture of whatever they're up to, which is brilliant as well. So there's a very umbraco focused side to it, but there's also a wider kind of awareness raising, educational side of it too, because this is a very, its a quite a new, say, it's a relatively new thing. I think digital sustainability as a concept completely hasn't really existed for that long, unfortunately. But now it does. Paul Marden: Yeah, exactly. And theres been some impact as well that the team has had on the product and the direction of the product isn't there. James Hobbs: Yeah. So and again, this is, there's several of us in this community team and I want to make it really clear that like a lot of work's gone on. It's not just me doing it. So we've managed to achieved a few things. So first of all, the Umbraco website, they launched a new website a little while ago. Its sustainability posture wasn't great. So we've worked with them, people that internally built that to improve it, and that's made a massive difference. Paul Marden: Excellent. James Hobbs: It's gone from being dirtier than a large majority of websites to being cleaner than most, which is great. We've pulled together some documentation for covering all sorts of areas from front end, back end development, content editing and so on, to educate people on how to build more sustainable websites. And some of the team members as well have built an Umbraco package, an open source package that you can install into Umbraco, and it will advise you in terms of the pages that you're making, whether they are good from a carbon footprint point of view or not. And we'll give you a rating, which is superb because it brings that whole thing in much closer to the end users who'll be making the pages. So that was a really nice piece of work. And on top of that, we do appear on things like this. Do webinars and talk at conferences and stuff. Paul Marden: Yeah, and I think Andy Evadale from Tangent is one of the members of the team. And honestly it was Andy who totally opened my eyes to this whole subject when I first started seeing him talk about it and giving some stats, and we'll talk a little more about those later on. There's definitely an impact that the team is having and it's really weird, isn't it? I mean, I don't want to geek out too much about Umbraco and the community, but there is something quite special about this commercial organisation that has open source software that gets given away for free, that collaborates with the community to build a product which is easy to use, pretty cool, really effective, but also sustainable as well. There's not many organisations that work in that way. James Hobbs: Yeah, it's unique and I love it. I think it's great. It just shows you it's possible to run a business and make money, but also have a really engaged community of passionate people and work together. I think it's brilliant. Paul Marden: Look, let's just take a step back from geeking out about Umbraco. Then I want to set the scene. Longtime listeners will know that Rubber Cheese run a visitor attraction website survey. We've done it for two years in a row. This year we simplified the survey down to make space for some more questions. And one of the key questions we've talked about is Sustainability. We are still just over the halfway point of the survey period, so there are still lots of responses coming in. But based on the data that we've got so far, we know that 72% of attractions in the current survey have got a sustainability policy, but only 12% of attractions have ever tested the CO2 emissions of their website. And we'll come to in a minute why we think the measurement and focusing on CO2 emissions in digital is important. Paul Marden: But whilst very few are actually testing their site, nearly half of all of the respondents so far have attempted something to reduce the CO2 emissions of their website. So there's clearly action going on, but it's not necessarily driving in a coherent direction because there's no clear benchmarking and target setting and retesting. So I think what I'd like to cover today is for us to understand that a little bit more, get under the skin of it a little bit, and then talk a little bit about how we can actually reduce the CO2 emissions, how can we actually make things different and why we might want to do it. Because it's more than just kind of the ethical, we all should be doing something. There were some real business benefits to it as well. My next question, without stating the bleeding obvious. Paul Marden: Okay, why do you think digital sustainability matters? I mean, the obvious answer is just because it does. But it's important, isn't it, as a contributor to global warming? James Hobbs: Yeah. So, I mean, there's lots of statistics knocking around, one of which I think it shows you the scale of the impact of the digital industry is. I think the total carbon footprint emissions of the digital industry is greater than global air traffic. And if you go and look on something like Flightradar or Skyscanner or whatever, and look at how many planes are in the air at any given moment in time, that's a pretty sobering statistic. There's lots of other ones as well, in terms of the amount of electricity that's being used, and water compared to even small countries like New Zealand. So we are generating a hell of a lot of carbon directly and indirectly, by doing all the things that we do. James Hobbs: And every time you hold up your phone and you load up Instagram or TikTok or download something, there's a massive disconnect cognitively, because it's just there and it just works and it doesn't feel like it's using up electricity and so on, but it is. There's a whole massive supply chain behind all of the lovely things we like to do on our devices that is hungry for electricity and generates pollution and that kind of thing. Paul Marden: Yeah. So my background was at British Airways and I was there for ten years. It really wasn't that hard to spot the fact that environmentally, that we have a challenging problem. Because when you stood on the end of Heathrow Runway, you can see what's coming out the back end of a 747 as it takes off. But I don't think I ever quite understood the impact of what I do now and how that's contributing more to CO2 emissions than what I was doing previously, which. Yeah, I just don't think there's an awareness of that more broadly. James Hobbs: No, yeah, I'd agree. And it's complicated. Paul Marden: In what way? James Hobbs: I guess it's complicated to quantify the carbon impact of the type of work that we do in the digital industry, because I guess there's what we're shipping to end users, which is one thing. But most modern websites and applications and stuff are built on a big tower of cloud services providers, and all of their equipment has to be manufactured which has a carbon impact. And rare earth metals need to be mined out of the grid. All of that stuff. There's a big supply chain backing all this stuff and we can influence some of that directly, but a large chunk of it we can't. So it makes choosing your suppliers quite important. Paul Marden: Yeah, absolutely. So if you're going down the road, if you accept the premise that this is a big contributor and making small gains on any of the stuff that is of interest to us and marketers who are owning websites attractions, I think for me, probably the first step is testing and trying to figure out where you are. Do you think that's a useful first step? Is that important as far as you're concerned, James? James Hobbs: I think it's important because with any sort of improvement, whether it's related to sustainability or not, I think quantifying where you are at the start and having a benchmark allows you to see whether you're going in the right direction or not. And improvement doesn't always go in one direction the whole time. There might be a two steps forward, one step back, depending on what you're doing. But I think without measuring where you are, and ideally regularly measuring your progress, it's hard to say what impact you've had and you might be going in the wrong direction and bumping up the wrong tree or whatever. So I think it's important. Paul Marden: Yeah, it's super important. And is it something that marketers themselves can do, or is this something that only a sustainability consultant can do, or is there somewhere in between? Is it the techy geeks that run the website that do this? Or is it a little bit of all of those things? James Hobbs: Well, that's a really good question. So I think this is still quite a new kind of industry. There are some tools out there that you can use to help you quantify the carbon impact of what you've got out there in the wild now. So the big one that most people talk about is websitecarbon.com, which is the website carbon calculator that was built by, I think a combination of an agency and some other organisations come up with an algorithm. It's obviously not going to be 100% accurate because every single website app, it's slightly different and so on. But as a consistent benchmark for where you are and a starting point for improvement, tools like that are really good. Ecograder is another one. Those offer non technical routes to using them. James Hobbs: So for the website carbon calculator, you just plunk a website address in hit go and it'll run off and tell you that's not very scalable. If you've got a 10,000 page website, or if you've got a large digital estate, there are also API level services that are provided that might make that easier to automate. But again, you then need someone who knows how to do that sort of thing, which raises the barrier to entry. I think what I would like to see is more and more vendors building carbon dashboards into their products and services so that the rest of us don't have to run around and build this stuff from scratch. Azure, for example, Microsoft's cloud platform, has a carbon dashboard that is scoped to your resources. That's really interesting and useful to see. James Hobbs: The stuff I mentioned about what we're doing with Umbraco and building a sustainability package, we're hoping to get that built into the core product. And again, the idea being that if you're a content editor or a marketer, you shouldn't have to know how to wire up APIs and do all this stuff, you should be able to see at a glance. Okay, well, that page I've just built actually is a little bit on the heavy side. Maybe I need to look at that. So I think the way to democratize it is to make it easier to do the right thing. Paul Marden: Yeah, absolutely. So these tools are giving you, they're giving you a grading? Yeah. So some of them are like a to f. I think it is for Website Carbon, Ecograder gives you a score out of 100. I think it is. Are there any advantages to one or the other? Or is it a good idea for people to use both of them and see the differences that the two different tools can give you? James Hobbs: I think it will come down to, well, for me anyway, I think using a tool in the first place is a step forward from what the vast majority of people are doing currently, which are not even thinking about it. So in many ways it doesnt really matter. I think it will depend on what people find easier to use. I think when people start to integrate this sort of sustainability measurements into their build pipelines, for example, release pipelines. That's where you will need to maybe think more carefully about the kind of data that you're interested in and what criteria you want to look at. Because, for example, at the moment, a lot of organisations who write software, hopefully their developers, will be writing some unit tests. And if the tests fail, then you don't deploy the website that should fail the build. James Hobbs: I think it would be good to move to a world where if your sustainability posture regresses and gets worse than similar things. There are other tools outside of those websites that we've been talking about, though. So there's an organisation called the Green Web Foundation, a nonprofit who do a lot of work in this space. And they've created a couple of tools. One's called CO2.js, which you can integrate directly into your website that can actually be a bit more accurate than the carbon stuff. And they've also built a tool called the Grid Intensity CLI. And without going into loads of horrible detail, what that is, essentially it knows when the electricity grid is at its most, what's the right word? At its most pollutant. When it's generating the most carbon. James Hobbs: So you can use that to figure out when to run background jobs or do lots of processing. You can do it when the grid is at its most renewable. So there's things like that as well. There's lots of options out there. You can go deep as you want. Paul Marden: Amazing. One thing that you just mentioned that I thought, oh, that's really interesting. I've never thought of that before, is the idea that you can drop a URL into Website Carbon or Ecograder and it will give you the score of that page. But actually, if you've got lots of pages on your website, you need to be testing across multiple pages. That should never occur to me before. James Hobbs: Yeah, because I think a lot of people plunk the homepage in and go, cool. It's a. I guess it's effort versus reward thing. No one's going, well, hopefully no one's going to spend time manually entering 10,000 website URL's into a tool like that. Not least because it would probably take the tool down. There are probably better ways of doing it than that. And also, homepages are typically quite different to the rest of a website. It serves a different purpose. So I think testing a representative portion of your digital services is probably the way to go. Paul Marden: Yeah, absolutely. I've been wondering recently whether buyers should be thinking about this as something that's part of the requirements of a new website. So if you're going out to tender and buying a new website, oftentimes you and I will both see requests for proposal that have accessibility requirements in them. But I genuinely don't remember a time that I've ever seen an RFP say, “You must achieve grade c or above on website carbon across the majority of the pages on the site.” And I think when buyers start to do that you'll begin to see agencies doing more of this sort of stuff. I think baking it into contracts will make a big difference. James Hobbs: Yeah, yeah and it's that kind of selective pressure isn't it? Clients start requiring this stuff, then agencies will have to step up. And it's unfortunate that might well be the catalyst but actually I don't care what the catalyst is as long as we're going in the right direction. Its the main thing really, which is lessening our impact. Yeah absolutely. But yeah that whole supply chain thing is huge. That's one way we can make a big impact is by mandating certain things. And there's actually a certification, a green software engineering certification. It's offered for free that developers or technical architects can go through to educate them a bit on green software engineering techniques and things like that. James Hobbs: And that's the kind of thing that hopefully in the future companies who are putting RFPs out might say, “We want your engineering team to be aware of green computing techniques” and so on and be able to prove it. Paul Marden: Yeah, I wouldn't be surprised as well that it gets legislated for as well. So in the same way as you know, public sector bodies have got to meet certain accessibility requirements. I would not be surprised if we enter a world soon where there's a statutory obligation for these things to be done in a sustainable way as well. James Hobbs: Yeah. Paul Marden: So getting your act together now is a really good thing to do because there's going to be less work later on when you've got no choice but to do it. James Hobbs: Exactly. Get ahead of the game now. Paul Marden: So we've made the case, people have bought into it, they're going to go and do some testing and they realise that they've got a smelly, polluting, rich website. What can they do next? How can your average head of marketing, head of digital influence their website to get better? James Hobbs: Yeah. Okay, so this is where I think there's a really nice angle here. We did talk about this earlier on, but there is a fairly close link between the things that will make doing the things that will make your website, your digital services more sustainable and kind of KPI's and metrics that will probably make it more commercially successful as well, depending on what you're doing, with a bunch of caveats that I won't go into. So, for example, sustainable websites are typically lightweight, they're fast, they're optimised for getting the right things in front of the user as quickly as possible, which can include everything from content delivery networks to optimising images to a whole host of stuff. Doing all of those things will also typically positively impact your search engine optimisation, positively impact your conversion. James Hobbs: Because if you look at Google's guidance, Lighthouse guidance, the different things it looks at and so on, it's very clear that fast, relevant websites are what get prioritised and what Google's looking for. Fast, relevant websites that are served from locations close to the user are also likely to be sustainable. So there is a link there. And what that means is there's a built in business case for doing the sustainability stuff. James Hobbs: So if you've got a hard nosed suite of executives who couldn't care less about the planet, not that I'm saying that's what everyone's like, but, you know, the commercial world that we live in, it's a hell of a lot easier to sell this stuff in by saying, “You know what as well, like we can do an MVP or a pilot and we're confident that we might be able to improve conversion by 0.1%, 0.5%”, whatever it might be. It's also typically a good way to save money by being smarter about what you're computing and where and when and using some of those tools that I've talked about, you can save yourself potentially a bunch of money as a business, which again, is a commercial win. James Hobbs: So I think whilst the ethical side of it is really important, and, you know, none of us want to be boiling to death in 50 years time because we've ruined the planet. Making small changes in digital can have a massive impact because the amount of people that are using them. And I think it's easier to sell in because of the commercial. Paul Marden: Yeah, absolutely. So I'm guessing there's stuff that you can do at key stages in the design and development of a site. So what are the things that people should be thinking about during the design of the site that could make it more sustainable? James Hobbs: So, okay, so that's a really good question. So this is a huge topic. So I can give you some examples of the kind of things you should be thinking about. So. And I guess we could divide them up into two sections. So when we're designing a website. There's how it looks and how the user experience work. There's also the technical design. As with anything, the further, the earlier you start thinking about this kind of stuff, the easier it is. Crowbarring in. It's a bit like accessibility, you know this, try and crowbar it in the last week of the project, it's not going to work. So from a design point of view, and some of this stuff is difficult to quantify its impact in detail, but things like not having massive 4k full bleed videos at the top of your webpage. James Hobbs: So being very careful and intelligent use of things like that, because they are large, they have to be transferred from wherever you're serving them from to the user. There's a big energy cost associated with that, not using loads and loads of external dependencies on your web pages. And that could be anything from fonts to JavaScript libraries to the vast myriad of tools that are being used. The more things you're throwing down the pipe to your end user, especially if your hosting infrastructure is not set up in a distributed way, the more energy intensive that thing is. You can even go as far as looking at the color choices that you're using. So certain darker themes are typically less energy intensive. Yeah, because of how OLED screens and modern screens work. Again, very hard to quantify. James Hobbs: And then we go down the rabbit hole of yeah, but where does the electricity that charges my phone come from? And you try and quantify all that stuff, it gets very head explodey. But there are things you can do in that sense. Some of them are easier to quantify than others. The weight of the page is a very easy thing to measure. If you keep that low, it will be easier to cache, it will load quicker for users, it will better for SEO, and faster pages tend to have better conversion. James Hobbs: And that works whether you're selling things from an e commerce point of view or you're trying to register interest, whatever it might be, from a technical angle, I think one of the most impactful things you can do, beyond making sure that your code is optimised and is running at the right times, at the right place, is simply to consider using a Content Delivery Network. And for your listeners who aren't familiar with a content delivery network, a CDN is something that all of us have interacted with at one point or another, probably without realising in the traditional way of serving or having a website, you've got some service somewhere, in a data centre somewhere. When someone types your website address in, it goes and fetches that information from the web server and back comes a web page in the simplest sense. James Hobbs: Now, if your website servers live in Amsterdam and your users on the west coast of America, that's a big old trip for that information to come back and forth. And it's got to go through lots of different hops, uses up lots of energy. A content delivery network is basically lots and lots of servers dotted all over the planet, in all of the major cities and things like that can keep a copy of your website. So that if someone from the west coast of America says, “Oh, I'm really interested in looking at this website,” types the address in, they get the copy from a server that might be 1020, 50 miles away from them, instead of several thousand across an ocean. James Hobbs: So it loads quicker for the user, which is great from a user experience, SEO, all that stuff I talked about, but it's also great from an energy point of view, because it's coming from somewhere nearby and it's not having to bounce around the planet. That's one thing that you could do that will make a massive and immediate impact commercially and from a sustainability point of view. Paul Marden: So you get those kind of performance improvement for the people all the way around the world accessing the site, but it's going to take load off of the server itself, so you might need less powerful servers running. One of the big issues that attraction websites have got is that it's such a cyclical market. The people that, you know,James Hobbs: Spiky.Paul Marden: Exactly when the Christmas meet Santa train is released at an attraction, or the traffic to the website is going to peak. If you can keep some of that traffic off of the web server by using that Content Delivery Network instead, you're going to be able to withstand those really peak times on the website without having to spend lots and lots of money on improving the resilience of the service. So it really is a win win win, isn't it? James Hobbs: I think so. And also it can help potentially avoid things like the dreaded queue where you log on to a website that's busy and it sticks you in a queue and you're 41,317th queue or whatever. Exactly like you say. If you can leverage this tech to take the load off your back end systems and I, you'll be delivering a better user experience. Paul Marden: One of the measures that I know a lot of the algorithms that are assessing CO2 emissions look at is the type of hosting that you use. So they talk about green hosting. What is green hosting? And is all green hosting the same? James Hobbs: No. So yeah, again, this is a big topic. So I guess hosting generally runs the spectrum all the way from kind of one boutique sort of providers who can set up VMS or private servers or whatever all the way through to the big goliaths of the Internet, the AWS and Azure and so on and everything in between. So green hosting is broadly hosting that is carbon neutral, powered by renewables, that sort of thing. So in theory shouldn't be pumping more pollutants into our atmosphere than it's saving. So if we look at the big cloud providers initially, so they've all made some commitments in terms of improving their sustainability posture. And this is really good because when one does it, the other one has to do it too. And obviously there's Google Cloud platform as well and they're doing similar sorts of things. James Hobbs: But it's almost this, I like the competitive angle of this because all it means is the sustainability posture of all of them will get better quicker. So it's good. So for example, I'll try and do this off the top of my head, you should check yourselves. But Azure and AWS and Google all have some pages that talk about their commitments and primarily they're focused on carbon neutrality and using renewable electricity. Aws have done a good job of that. So in certain AWS regions the year before last, they were completely 100% renewable powered, which is brilliant. Paul Marden: Really. James Hobbs: Yes. Not everywhere. Azure are going down a similar path and they've made the same commitment in terms of the year when they're going to hit renewable powered everything. They've also made commitments to water positivity. Enormous amounts of water are used during the operation of data centers and there are a lot of these data centres. So they've made commitments I think by 2035 or 2040 please double check to be net water positive, which is great. And the other thing that people don't think about, and this is I guess the supply chain thing I was talking about earlier, all those servers got rare metals in them. They've got all kinds of stuff in them thats been dug out of the ground, often in areas where there's a lot going on from a human point of view. James Hobbs: So Amazon, AWS, Google, et cetera, they're looking at that angle too. How can they keep servers in commission for longer so they don't need to be replaced as often? Where are they getting their materials from, et cetera, all that kind of stuff, because they're not just a computing company know they're invested in the hardware and getting this stuff out of the ground and manufacturing it and all the rest of it's a very big operation. So that's something we can't influence beyond pressuring them as consumers, but it is something that they're doing something about, which is great. Paul Marden: Yeah, absolutely. And if we go back to that point I made earlier on, buyers are in control of this. If they are choosing to include that in their contracts to buy new web services, that it needs to be green by offsetting or green by using 100% renewable power, then that drives change, doesn't it? Procurement managers drive change through that kind of thing. James Hobbs: Yeah, absolutely. And just one final point on the greenhosting the Green Web foundation, who I mentioned earlier, the nonprofit who work in this space, they maintain a list of green web hosts. So hosts that are known to be green that you can use without having to worry too much. So it's worth looking at that as well. And it's a kind of impartial list. Paul Marden: Excellent. Do you think this is a story that attraction should be telling? So they're going to be, we're hoping that people are going to become energised by this and they're going to want to go on a digital sustainability journey. Do you think that is that something that they could be shouting about? James Hobbs: I think so, if done in the right way. Obviously, you've got to be careful of the sort of, we planted some trees and now everything's fine, because I don't think that's necessarily the case. But I think talking about it in the right way, which is we know we're not perfect, but we're doing something about it, and this is our plan, and being transparent about it, I think, is a good thing. I think it will also foster competition between different attractions, and everyone's a winner, really, because it will make everyone more sustainable. Paul Marden:  Yeah. James Hobbs: And yeah, I don't see why you shouldn't talk about it. I think its something thats important. And to your point earlier about consumers being able to influence some of this stuff, I really, truly hope that the generation of youngsters that are coming up now are going to be more hyper aware of this sort of thing, and they're going to care a lot more because it's likely to affect them more than it will us. So I would like to think that they will be selecting products, services, attractions, whatever it might be that can demonstrate that they're actually doing something to lessen the impact of their operations. James Hobbs: I've got two relatively young children, and I can already see them asking questions and being interested in this kind of stuff in a way that wouldn't have occurred to me when I was a kid, just didn't think about it. I cant change that. But what we can do is try and improve the world that were going to be leaving to the the youngs.Paul Marden: Yeah, absolutely. So, one last question for you. Is there anything. Is there anything happening in this space that you think is really cool and interesting to think about? James Hobbs: That's a good question. I mean, like, I hope this isn't a non answer. I think the thing. The thing that is exciting me most is that more and more people are talking about this stuff. More and more people are asking questions about this stuff and I've done a lot of talks and webinars and things on this topic and the thing that really makes me feel positive and excited about it is that nearly all of them afterwards, people come up to you, they message you and say, “I just didn't realise.” The fact that we're able to raise awareness is brilliant because we can start to build up a bit of momentum. I think the thing that. I think I mentioned it earlier, products and services, building this sort of stuff into their platforms in terms of helping users use their services more efficiently, I think that's the area that I'm most excited about, because otherwise it's people kind of hacking stuff together. I think it should be a first class part of any solution, really is like, carbon impact of what I'm doing. That's what I'm probably most keen to see more of. Paul Marden: James, thank you. One last thing. We always ask our guests for a book recommendation and you've already said you're an avid reader, so no pressure, but I'm quite excited to hear about this one. James Hobbs: Well, there's two and I thought I'd just make the decision when you asked me the question about which one to recommend. So I'm going to go with my legitimately favourite book, which is the Player of Games by Iain M Banks. It's part of the culture series of novels and I'm a bit upset because Elon Musk has been talking about it. I feel like he's tarnished it slightly. A magnificent series of novels. I remember finishing the 10th one and sadly, the author died a while ago and I genuinely felt slightly bereft that there weren't going to be any more of them. It's a brilliant book. It's exciting. Yeah, it's exciting. It's so creative and inventive. It makes you think differently about things. It's definitely not one for children. James Hobbs: You know, there's a lot of violence and all kinds of other things in there. But it's a fascinating book. All of his books are fascinating. My favourite author. So if you're going to, if you think about getting into his books and specifically the culture novels, that's a great point to jump in at. It's accessible and it's absolutely brilliant. I love it. Paul Marden: That's quite the recommendation. So, listeners, if you want to get into this culture series of books, then when we post the show notice on X, get over there and retweet the message and say, “I want James's book.” And the first person to do that will get that sent to them. James, this has been brilliant. There's a couple of takeaways I want people to go and think about, one from me, which is go and test your site and then jump into the Rubber Cheese website survey. Paul Marden: Go to rubbercheese.com/survey, tell us all about your attractions website and one of those questions will be about have you tested the CO2 emissions of your site and have you done anything about it? The more we understand what the sector is doing, then the more we can understand how we can all help and improve things. Paul Marden: James, you had one idea of a place where people could go and find out more about this sort of stuff. James Hobbs: Yeah, I mean, there's some organisations that I mentioned. So the Green Web Foundation is one that's got lots of interesting material on there, both tools that they've made, but also they fund research in this space, which is really important. It should be treated like a specific discipline. I suppose they're doing some great stuff there. There's the Green Software foundation, which confusingly similar name, doing some good work in this space. There's also lots of interesting groups on discord forums that are out there. I guess my main message would be we're all learning more about this field. No one has all the answers, but there are organisations out there that you can come and speak to that can help you understand where you are currently. James Hobbs: And I definitely encourage you guys to fill in the surveys, Paul said, because the more information that we've got, you know, the better we can understand where things are. Paul Marden: James, this has been a lot of fun and really interesting. Thank you ever so much. Thank you for joining the podcast. James Hobbs: Thanks for having me on. Thanks a lot. Paul Marden: Thanks for listening to Skip the Queue. If you've enjoyed this podcast, please leave us a five star review. It really helps others find us. And remember to follow us on Twitter for your chance to win the books that have been mentioned. Skip The Queue is brought to you by Rubber Cheese, a digital agency that builds remarkable systems and websites for attractions that helps them increase their visitor numbers. You can find show notes and transcriptions from this episode and more over on our website, SkiptheQueue.fm. The 2024 Visitor Attraction Website Survey is now LIVE! Help the entire sector:Dive into groundbreaking benchmarks for the industryGain a better understanding of how to achieve the highest conversion ratesExplore the "why" behind visitor attraction site performanceLearn the impact of website optimisation and visitor engagement on conversion ratesUncover key steps to enhance user experience for greater conversionsFill in your data now (opens in new tab)

AWS Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) enables the creation of logically isolated virtual networks on the AWS Cloud, offering security, flexibility, and integration with various AWS services. CloudFront, a global content delivery network (CDN), ensures low latency, high data transfer speeds, and cost-effectiveness for content delivery. Check out all a Master's degree worth of courses on Coursera on topics ranging from Cloud Computing to Rust to LLMs and Generative AI: https://www.coursera.org/instructor/noahgift. You can also find many courses and programs on edX here:I build courses: Pragmatic AI Labs on edX

Ini sedikit tentang CDN - Content Delivery Network. Saya agak salah di videonya menyebutkan Content Distributed Network. Lagi kebanyak cryptocurrency kali ya. ha ha ha.

CDN signifie "Content Delivery Network", et désigne un service proposé par des entreprises pour améliorer les performances de vos sites web, mais comment est-ce que ça fonctionne ?Notes de l'épisode : OVH CDN : https://www.ovhcloud.com/fr/network/cdn/

CDN - Content Delivery Networks - können uns die Arbeit erleichtern, aber auch die sicherheitstechnischen Sorgenfalten auf die Stirn treiben. Was bedeuten die Vorteile eines Content Delivery Networks für die Sicherheit unserer Informationen? Sind beide vereinbar, wenn wir eine schnellere Verfügbarkeit und bessere Skalierung von Informationen wollen, aber gleichzeitig auch die Integrität und Vertraulichkeit unserer Informationen absichern wollen - vor allem in dynamischen Systemen? Welche Aspekte du bei deinem CDN beachten solltest und an welchen Stellen es wirklich Sinn macht, sich besonders abzusichern, erfährst du in dieser Episode. LINKS: [Meine Website](https://www.paul-stengel.de) [Kontaktiere mich bei LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/in/paul-g-stengel-771947216/) DIR GEFÄLLT WAS DU HÖRST? Dann hinterlasse mir bitte eine 5-Sterne-Bewertung auf Apple Podcasts, eine Rezension und abonniere den Podcast. Vielen Dank für deine Unterstützung! Hier bei Apple Podcasts bewerten und abonnieren: https://podcasts.apple.com/de/podcast/informationssicherheit-einfach-verstehen-cyber-security/id1694694337 Dieser Podcast wird produziert von Podcastliebe, deiner Full Service Podcast Agentur. Mehr dazu: https://podcastliebe.net

What if you could help revolutionize how we care for people with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)? Mohammad Sahal, with his unique blend of computer science and neuroscience expertise, is doing just that! Join us for the third episode of the BCI Award Neurocareers podcast series as we take a deep dive to learn how the non-invasive, low-cost, portable neuroergonomic BCI system is transforming the way we care for ALS patients. Discover how custom augmented reality displays are helping patients improve their quality of life from the comfort of their own homes and how this technology is breaking down barriers and revolutionizing healthcare! Join us as we continue exploring the fascinating world of neurotech and focus on the project "A Neuroergonomic BCI with Custom Augmented Reality Display Targeting Continuous At-home Use for People Living with ALS," developed by Sahal and his team, which was nominated for the International Annual BCI Award 2021. Sahal also shares his advice for early career development in the neurotech field and suggests how to submit a successful BCI Award project. This podcast is brought to you through the partnership between Dr. Christoph Guger at g.tec medical engineering GmbH and Neurocareers podcast host Milena Korostenskaja, PhD at The Institute of Neuroapproaches. So why wait? Listen now and be a part of the neurotech revolution that is transforming lives! Join the revolution by submitting your project for BCI award: https://www.bci-award.com/Home About the Podcast Guest: Mohammad Sahal is a tech wizard with a heart for healthcare! With a degree in computer science and minors in neuroscience and mathematics, Mohammad is a triple threat when it comes to developing innovative solutions that merge the worlds of technology and healthcare. He works at Microsoft on the Azure Networking team, focusing on the Web Access Firewall and Content Delivery Network services. But Mohammad's true passion lies in using his expertise to positively impact people's lives. During his time at Drexel University, he led efforts to develop Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) systems for individuals with ALS and other motor neuron diseases (MNDs) - talk about using your skills for good! The project aimed to create a non-invasive, low-cost, portable system that could be used in the comfort of the patients' homes. Mohammad's innovative project has gained recognition in the neurotech community, with his team's project even being nominated for the International Annual BCI Award 2021. With a passion for innovation and a heart for helping others, Mohammad quickly becomes a rising star in the neurotech field. So if you're looking for a tech wizard with a heart of gold, look no further than Mohammad Sahal! Connect with Mohammad Sahal on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/mohammad-sahal/ About the Podcast Host: The Neurocareers podcast is brought to you by The Institute of Neuroapproaches (https://www.neuroapproaches.org/) and its founder, Milena Korostenskaja, Ph.D. (Dr. K), a neuroscience educator, research consultant, and career coach for students and recent graduates in neuroscience and neurotechnologies. As a professional coach with a background in the field, Dr. K understands the unique challenges and opportunities facing students in this field and can provide personalized coaching and support to help you succeed. Here's what you'll get with one-on-one coaching sessions from Dr. K: Identification and pursuit of career goals Guidance on job search strategies, resume and cover letter development, and interview preparation Access to a network of professionals in the field of neuroscience and neurotechnologies Ongoing support and guidance to help you stay on track and achieve your goals You can always schedule a free neurocareer consultation/coaching session with Dr. K at https://neuroapproaches.as.me/free-neurocareer-consultation Subscribe to our Nerocareers Newsletter to stay on top of all our cool neurocareers news at updates https://www.neuroapproaches.org/neurocareers-news    

Akamai has been around the security community for so long that they almost deserve the term, “venerable.”  They first made a big splash on September 11, 2001. That was the day The Washington Post was overwhelmed by traffic.  Some quick work from Akamai helped newspapers and organizations keep up to speed. In its early years, Akamai was known as a Content Delivery Network that helped websites adjust to wide fluctuations in traffic and increase speed for website loading. After demonstrating that prowess, federal technology professionals understood Akamai to have a very geographically diverse content delivery network that had a deep understanding of network traffic and was agile enough to adapt to a wide range of conditions.  Building on this unparalleled knowledge, Akamai is able to assist in preventing cyberattacks on commercial and federal systems. This interview has two subject matter experts describe how this ubiquitous network puts Akamai in a unique position to serve federal cybersecurity needs. Rob San Martin presents some innovations that Akamai has for technology partners. Traditionally, Akamai has been viewed as a unified product. A customer would be able to use the entire platform or not at all. Today, Akamai can split off aspects of its offering to fill in the gaps of some point-based solutions. Patrick Sullivan details how Akamai's entrance into FedRAMP High allows it to protect data for critical applications like law enforcement, emergency services, and healthcare. Many listeners are familiar with the grueling process that gives solution providers the ability to offer cloud-based solutions to the federal government.  FedRAMP was initially introduced back in 2011. It has evolved a rigorous set of rules that are accredited by the American Association for Laboratory Accreditation (A2LA). Based on a long list of controls provided by NIST SP 800-52, the base certification process can take years and hundreds of thousands of dollars to achieve. Each agency must deal with data that has varying levels of security.  As a result, the FedRAMP certification has evolved into three levels: low, moderate, and high.  Each level ramps up the level of sensitive information it can handle, up to High – where a breach of this level of data could lead to a disaster. Akamai has built on its platform to be able to serve federal clients in many levels.  

About ChetanChetan Venkatesh is a technology startup veteran focused on distributed data, edge computing, and software products for enterprises and developers. He has 20 years of experience in building primary data storage, databases, and data replication products. Chetan holds a dozen patents in the area of distributed computing and data storage.Chetan is the CEO and Co-Founder of Macrometa – a Global Data Network featuring a Global Data Mesh, Edge Compute, and In-Region Data Protection. Macrometa helps enterprise developers build real-time apps and APIs in minutes – not months.Links Referenced: Macrometa: https://www.macrometa.com Macrometa Developer Week: https://www.macrometa.com/developer-week TranscriptAnnouncer: Hello, and welcome to Screaming in the Cloud with your host, Chief Cloud Economist at The Duckbill Group, Corey Quinn. This weekly show features conversations with people doing interesting work in the world of cloud, thoughtful commentary on the state of the technical world, and ridiculous titles for which Corey refuses to apologize. This is Screaming in the Cloud.Corey: Forget everything you know about SSH and try Tailscale. Imagine if you didn't need to manage PKI or rotate SSH keys every time someone leaves. That'd be pretty sweet, wouldn't it? With Tailscale SSH, you can do exactly that. Tailscale gives each server and user device a node key to connect to its VPN, and it uses the same node key to authorize and authenticate SSH.Basically you're SSHing the same way you manage access to your app. What's the benefit here? Built in key rotation permissions is code connectivity between any two devices, reduce latency and there's a lot more, but there's a time limit here. You can also ask users to reauthenticate for that extra bit of security. Sounds expensive?Nope, I wish it were. tail scales. Completely free for personal use on up to 20 devices. To learn more, visit snark.cloud/tailscale. Again, that's snark.cloud/tailscaleCorey: Managing shards. Maintenance windows. Overprovisioning. ElastiCache bills. I know, I know. It's a spooky season and you're already shaking. It's time for caching to be simpler. Momento Serverless Cache lets you forget the backend to focus on good code and great user experiences. With true autoscaling and a pay-per-use pricing model, it makes caching easy. No matter your cloud provider, get going for free at gomomento.co/screaming That's GO M-O-M-E-N-T-O dot co slash screamingCorey: Welcome to Screaming in the Cloud. I'm Corey Quinn. Today, this promoted guest episode is brought to us basically so I can ask a question that has been eating at me for a little while. That question is, what is the edge? Because I have a lot of cynical sarcastic answers to it, but that doesn't really help understanding. My guest today is Chetan Venkatesh, CEO and co-founder at Macrometa. Chetan, thank you for joining me.Chetan: It's my pleasure, Corey. You're one of my heroes. I think I've told you this before, so I am absolutely delighted to be here.Corey: Well, thank you. We all need people to sit on the curb and clap as we go by and feel like giant frauds in the process. So let's start with the easy question that sets up the rest of it. Namely, what is Macrometa, and what puts you in a position to be able to speak at all, let alone authoritatively, on what the edge might be?Chetan: I'll answer the second part of your question first, which is, you know, what gives me the authority to even talk about this? Well, for one, I've been trying to solve the same problem for 20 years now, which is build distributed systems that work really fast and can answer questions about data in milliseconds. And my journey's sort of been like the spiral staircase journey, you know, I keep going around in circles, but the view just keeps getting better every time I do one of these things. So I'm on my fourth startup doing distributed data infrastructure, and this time really focused on trying to provide a platform that's the antithesis of the cloud. It's kind of like taking the cloud and flipping it on its head because instead of having a single region application where all your stuff runs in one place, on us-west-1 or us-east-1, what if your apps could run everywhere, like, they could run in hundreds and hundreds of cities around the world, much closer to where your users and devices and most importantly, where interesting things in the real world are happening?And so we started Macrometa about five years back to build a new kind of distributed cloud—let's call the edge—that kind of looks like a CDN, a Content Delivery Network, but really brings very sophisticated platform-level primitives for developers to build applications in a distributed way around primitives for compute, primitives for data, but also some very interesting things that you just can't do in the cloud anymore. So that's Macrometa. And we're doing something with edge computing, which is a big buzzword these days, but I'm sure you'll ask me about that.Corey: It seems to be. Generally speaking, when I look around and companies are talking about edge, it feels almost like it is a redefining of what they already do to use a term that is currently trending and deep in the hype world.Chetan: Yeah. You know, I think humans just being biologically social beings just tend to be herd-like, and so when we see a new trend, we like to slap it on everything we have. We did that 15 years back with cloud, if you remember, you know? Everybody was very busy trying to stick the cloud label on everything that was on-prem. Edge is sort of having that edge-washing moment right now.But I define edge very specifically is very different from the cloud. You know, where the cloud is defined by centralization, i.e., you've got a giant hyperscale data center somewhere far, far away, where typically electricity, real estate, and those things are reasonably cheap, i.e., not in urban centers, where those things tend to be expensive.You know, you have platforms where you run things at scale, it's sort of a your mess for less business in the cloud and somebody else manages that for you. The edge is actually defined by location. And there are three types of edges. The first edge is the CDN edge, which is historically where we've been trying to make things faster with the internet and make the internet scale. So Akamai came about, about 20 years back and created this thing called the CDN that allowed the web to scale. And that was the first killer app for edge, actually. So that's the first location that defines the edge where a lot of the peering happens between different network providers and the on-ramp around the cloud happens.The second edge is the telecom edge. That's actually right next to you in terms of, you know, the logical network topology because every time you do something on your computer, it goes through that telecom layer. And now we have the ability to actually run web services, applications, data, directly from that telecom layer.And then the third edge is—sort of, people have been familiar with this for 30 years. The third edge is your device, just your mobile phone. It's your internet gateway and, you know, things that you carry around in your pocket or sit on your desk, where you have some compute power, but it's very restricted and it only deals with things that are interesting or important to you as a person, not in a broad range. So those are sort of the three things. And it's not the cloud. And these three things are now becoming important as a place for you to build and run enterprise apps.Corey: Something that I think is often overlooked here—and this is sort of a natural consequence of the cloud's own success and the joy that we live in a system that we do where companies are required to always grow and expand and find new markets—historically, for example, when I went to AWS re:Invent, which is a cloud service carnival in the desert that no one in the right mind should ever want to attend but somehow we keep doing, it used to be that, oh, these announcements are generally all aligned with people like me, where I have specific problems and they look a lot like what they're talking about on stage. And now they're talking about things that, from that perspective, seem like Looney Tunes. Like, I'm trying to build Twitter for Pets or something close to it, and I don't understand why there's so much talk about things like industrial IoT and, “Machine learning,” quote-unquote, and other things that just do not seem to align with. I'm trying to build a web service, like it says on the name of a company; what gives?And part of that, I think, is that it's difficult to remember, for most of us—especially me—that what they're coming out with is not your shopping list. Every service is for someone, not every service is for everyone, so figuring out what it is that they're talking about and what those workloads look like, is something that I think is getting lost in translation. And in our defense—collective defense—Amazon is not the best at telling stories to realize that, oh, this is not me they're talking to; I'm going to opt out of this particular thing. You figure it out by getting it wrong first. Does that align with how you see the market going?Chetan: I think so. You know, I think of Amazon Web Services, or even Google, or Azure as sort of Costco and, you know, Sam's Wholesale Club or whatever, right? They cater to a very broad audience and they sell a lot of stuff in bulk and cheap. And you know, so it's sort of a lowest common denominator type of a model. And so emerging applications, and especially emerging needs that enterprises have, don't necessarily get solved in the cloud. You've got to go and build up yourself on sort of the crude primitives that they provide.So okay, go use your bare basic EC2, your S3, and build your own edgy, or whatever, you know, cutting edge thing you want to build over there. And if enough people are doing it, I'm sure Amazon and Google start to pay interest and you know, develop something that makes it easier. So you know, I agree with you, they're not the best at this sort of a thing. The edge is phenomenon also that's orthogonally, and diametrically opposite to the architecture of the cloud and the economics of the cloud.And we do centralization in the cloud in a big way. Everything is in one place; we make giant piles of data in one database or data warehouse slice and dice it, and almost all our computer science is great at doing things in a centralized way. But when you take data and chop it into 50 copies and keep it in 50 different places on Earth, and you have this thing called the internet or the wide area network in the middle, trying to keep all those copies in sync is a nightmare. So you start to deal with some very basic computer science problems like distributed state and how do you build applications that have a consistent view of that distributed state? So you know, there have been attempts to solve these problems for 15, 18 years, but none of those attempts have really cracked the intersection of three things: a way for programmers to do this in a way that doesn't blow their heads with complexity, a way to do this cheaply and effectively enough where you can build real-world applications that serve billions of users concurrently at a cost point that actually is economical and make sense, and third, a way to do this with adequate levels of performance where you don't die waiting for the spinning wheel on your screen to go away.So these are the three problems with edge. And as I said, you know, me and my team, we've been focused on this for a very long while. And me and my co-founder have come from this world and we created a platform very uniquely designed to solve these three problems, the problems of complexity for programmers to build in a distributed environment like this where data sits in hundreds of places around the world and you need a consistent view of that data, being able to operate and modify and replicate that data with consistency guarantees, and then a third one, being able to do that, at high levels of performance, which translates to what we call ultra-low latency, which is human perception. The threshold of human perception, visually, is about 70 milliseconds. Our finest athletes, the best Esports players are about 70 to 80 milliseconds in their twitch, in their ability to twitch when something happens on the screen. The average human is about 100 to 110 milliseconds.So in a second, we can maybe do seven things at rapid rates. You know, that's how fast our brain can process it. Anything that falls below 100 milliseconds—especially if it falls into 50 to 70 milliseconds—appears instantaneous to the human mind and we experience it as magic. And so where edge computing and where my platform comes in is that it literally puts data and applications within 50 milliseconds of 90% of humans and devices on Earth and allows now a whole new set of applications where latency and location and the ability to control those things with really fine-grained capability matters. And we can talk a little more about what those apps are in a bit.Corey: And I think that's probably an interesting place to dive into at the moment because whenever we talk about the idea of new ways of building things that are aimed at decentralization, first, people at this point automatically have a bit of an aversion to, “Wait, are you talking about some of the Web3 nonsense?” It's one of those look around the poker table and see if you can spot the sucker, and if you can't, it's you. Because there are interesting aspects to that entire market, let's be clear, but it also seems to be occluded by so much of the grift and nonsense and spam and the rest that, again, sort of characterize the early internet as well. The idea though, of decentralizing out of the cloud is deeply compelling just to anyone who's really ever had to deal with the egress charges, or even the data transfer charges inside of one of the cloud providers. The counterpoint is it feels that historically, you either get to pay the tax and go all-in on a cloud provider and get all the higher-level niceties, or otherwise, you wind up deciding you're going to have to more or less go back to physical data centers, give or take, and other than the very baseline primitives that you get to work with of VMs and block storage and maybe a load balancer, you're building it all yourself from scratch. It seems like you're positioning this as setting up for a third option. I'd be very interested to hear it.Chetan: Yeah. And a quick comment on decentralization: good; not so sure about the Web3 pieces around it. We tend to talk about computer science and not the ideology of distributing data. There are political reasons, there are ideological reasons around data and sovereignty and individual human rights, and things like that. There are people far smarter than me who should explain that.I fall personally into the Nicholas Weaver school of skepticism about Web3 and blockchain and those types of things. And for readers who are not familiar with Nicholas Weaver, please go online. He teaches at UC Berkeley is just one of the finest minds of our time. And I think he's broken down some very good reasons why we should be skeptical about, sort of, Web3 and, you know, things like that. Anyway, that's a digression.Coming back to what we're talking about, yes, it is a new paradigm, but that's the challenge, which is I don't want to introduce a new paradigm. I want to provide a continuum. So what we've built is a platform that looks and feels very much like Lambdas, and a poly-model database. I hate the word multi. It's a pretty dumb word, so I've started to substitute ‘multi' with ‘poly' everywhere, wherever I can find it.So it's not multi-cloud; it's poly-cloud. And it's not multi-model; it's poly-model. Because what we want is a world where developers have the ability to use the best paradigm for solving problems. And it turns out when we build applications that deal with data, data doesn't just come in one form, it comes in many different forms, it's polymorphic, and so you need a data platform, that's also, you know, polyglot and poly-model to be able to handle that. So that's one part of the problem, which is, you know, we're trying to provide a platform that provides continuity by looking like a key-value store like Redis. It looks like a document database—Corey: Or the best database in the world Route 53 TXT records. But please, keep going.Chetan: Well, we've got that too, so [laugh] you know? And then we've got a streaming graph engine built into it that kind of looks and behaves like a graph database, like Neo4j, for example. And, you know, it's got columnar capabilities as well. So it's sort of a really interesting data platform that is not open-source; it's proprietary because it's designed to solve these problems of being able to distribute data, put it in hundreds of locations, keep it all in sync, but it looks like a conventional NoSQL database. And it speaks PostgreSQL, so if you know PostgreSQL, you can program it, you know, pretty easily.What it's also doing is taking away the responsibility for engineers and developers to understand how to deal with very arcane problems like conflict resolution in data. I made a change in Mumbai; you made a change in Tokyo; who wins? Our systems in the cloud—you know, DynamoDB, and things like that—they have very crude answers for this something called last writer wins. We've done a lot of work to build a protocol that brings you ACID-like consistency in these types of problems and makes it easy to reason with state change when you've got an application that's potentially running in 100 locations and each of those places is modifying the same record, for example.And then the second part of it is it's a converged platform. So it doesn't just provide data; it provides a compute layer that's deeply integrated directly with the data layer itself. So think of it as Lambdas running, like, stored procedures inside the database. That's really what it is. We've built a very, very specialized compute engine that exposes containers in functions as stored procedures directly on the database.And so they run inside the context of the database and so you can build apps in Python, Go, your favorite language; it compiles down into a [unintelligible 00:15:02] kernel that actually runs inside the database among all these different polyglot interfaces that we have. And the third thing that we do is we provide an ability for you to have very fine-grained control on your data. Because today, data's become a political tool; it's become something that nation-states care a lot about.Corey: Oh, do they ever.Chetan: Exactly. And [unintelligible 00:15:24] regulated. So here's the problem. You're an enterprise architect and your application is going to be consumed in 15 countries, there are 13 different frameworks to deal with. What do you do? Well, you spin up 13 different versions, one for each country, and you know, build 13 different teams, and have 13 zero-day attacks and all that kind of craziness, right?Well, data protection is actually one of the most important parts of the edge because, with something like Macrometa, you can build an app once, and we'll provide all the necessary localization for any region processing, data protection with things like tokenization of data so you can exfiltrate data securely without violating potentially PII sensitive data exfiltration laws within countries, things like that, i.e. It's solving some really hard problems by providing an opinionated platform that does these three things. And I'll summarize it as thus, Corey, we can kind of dig into each piece. Our platform is called the Global Data Network. It's not a global database; it's a global data network. It looks like a frickin database, but it's actually a global network available in 175 cities around the world.Corey: The challenge, of course, is where does the data actually live at rest, and—this is why people care about—well, they're two reasons people care about that; one is the data residency locality stuff, which has always, honestly for me, felt a little bit like a bit of a cloud provider shakedown. Yeah, build a data center here or you don't get any of the business of anything that falls under our regulation. The other is, what is the egress cost of that look like? Because yeah, I can build a whole multicenter data store on top of AWS, for example, but minimum, we're talking two cents, a gigabyte of transfer, even with inside of a region in some cases, and many times that externally.Chetan: Yeah, that's the real shakedown: the egress costs [laugh] more than the other example that you talked about over there. But it's a reality of how cloud pricing works and things like that. What we have built is a network that is completely independent of the cloud providers. We're built on top of five different service providers. Some of them are cloud providers, some of them are telecom providers, some of them are CDNs.And so we're building our global data network on top of routes and capacity provided by transfer providers who have different economics than the cloud providers do. So our cost for egress falls somewhere between two and five cents, for example, depending on which edge locations, which countries, and things that you're going to use over there. We've got a pretty generous egress fee where, you know, for certain thresholds, there's no egress charge at all, but over certain thresholds, we start to charge between two to five cents. But even if you were to take it at the higher end of that spectrum, five cents per gigabyte for transfer, the amount of value our platform brings in architecture and reduction in complexity and the ability to build apps that are frankly, mind-boggling—one of my customers is a SaaS company in marketing that uses us to inject offers while people are on their website, you know, browsing. Literally, you hit their website, you do a few things, and then boom, there's a customized offer for them.In banking that's used, for example, you know, you're making your minimum payments on your credit card, but you have a good payment history and you've got a decent credit score, well, let's give you an offer to give you a short-term loan, for example. So those types of new applications, you know, are really at this intersection where you need low latency, you need in-region processing, and you also need to comply with data regulation. So when you building a high-value revenue-generating app like that egress cost, even at five cents, right, tends to be very, very cheap, and the smallest part of you know, the complexity of building them.Corey: One of the things that I think we see a lot of is that the tone of this industry is set by the big players, and they have done a reasonable job, by and large, of making anything that isn't running in their blessed environments, let me be direct, sound kind of shitty, where it's like, “Oh, do you want to be smart and run things in AWS?”—or GCP? Or Azure, I guess—“Or do you want to be foolish and try and build it yourself out of popsicle sticks and twine?” And, yeah, on some level, if I'm trying to treat everything like it's AWS and run a crappy analog version of DynamoDB, for example, I'm not going to have a great experience, but if I also start from a perspective of not using things that are higher up the stack offerings, that experience starts to look a lot more reasonable as we start expanding out. But it still does present to a lot of us as well, we're just going to run things in VM somewhere and treat them just like we did back in 2005. What's changed in that perspective?Chetan: Yeah, you know, I can't talk for others but for us, we provide a high-level Platform-as-a-Service, and that platform, the global data network, has three pieces to it. First piece is—and none of this will translate into anything that AWS or GCP has because this is the edge, Corey, is completely different, right? So the global data network that we have is composed of three technology components. The first one is something that we call the global data mesh. And this is Pub/Sub and event processing on steroids. We have the ability to connect data sources across all kinds of boundaries; you've got some data in Germany and you've got some data in New York. How do you put these things together and get them streaming so that you can start to do interesting things with correlating this data, for example?And you might have to get across not just physical boundaries, like, they're sitting in different systems in different data centers; they might be logical boundaries, like, hey, I need to collaborate with data from my supply chain partner and we need to be able to do something that's dynamic in real-time, you know, to solve a business problem. So the global data mesh is a way to very quickly connect data wherever it might be in legacy systems, in flat files, in streaming databases, in data warehouses, what have you—you know, we have 500-plus types of connectors—but most importantly, it's not just getting the data streaming, it's then turning it into an API and making that data fungible. Because the minute you put an API on it and it's become fungible now that data is actually got a lot of value. And so the data mesh is a way to very quickly connect things up and put an API on it. And that API can now be consumed by front-ends, it can be consumed by other microservices, things like that.Which brings me to the second piece, which is edge compute. So we've built a compute runtime that is Docker compatible, so it runs containers, it's also Lambda compatible, so it runs functions. Let me rephrase that; it's not Lambda-compatible, it's Lambda-like. So no, you can't take your Lambda and dump it on us and it won't just work. You have to do some things to make it work on us.Corey: But so many of those things are so deeply integrated to the ecosystem that they're operating within, and—Chetan: Yeah.Corey: That, on the one hand, is presented by cloud providers as, “Oh, yes. This shows how wonderful these things are.” In practice, talk to customers. “Yeah, we're using it as spackle between the different cloud services that don't talk to one another despite being made by the same company.”Chetan: [laugh] right.Corey: It's fun.Chetan: Yeah. So the second edge compute piece, which allows you now to build microservices that are stateful, i.e., they have data that they interact with locally, and schedule them along with the data on our network of 175 regions around the world. So you can build distributed applications now.Now, your microservice back-end for your banking application or for your HR SaaS application or e-commerce application is not running in us-east-1 and Virginia; it's running literally in 15, 18, 25 cities where your end-users are, potentially. And to take an industrial IoT case, for example, you might be ingesting data from the electricity grid in 15, 18 different cities around the world; you can do all of that locally now. So that's what the edge functions does, it flips the cloud model around because instead of sending data to where the compute is in the cloud, you're actually bringing compute to where the data is originating, or the data is being consumed, such as through a mobile app. So that's the second piece.And the third piece is global data protection, which is hey, now I've got a distributed infrastructure; how do I comply with all the different privacy and regulatory frameworks that are out there? How do I keep data secure in each region? How do I potentially share data between regions in such a way that, you know, I don't break the model of compliance globally and create a billion-dollar headache for my CIO and CEO and CFO, you know? So that's the third piece of capabilities that this provides.All of this is presented as a set of serverless APIs. So you simply plug these APIs into your existing applications. Some of your applications work great in the cloud. Maybe there are just parts of that app that should be on our edge. And that's usually where most customers start; they take a single web service or two that's not doing so great in the cloud because it's too far away; it has data sensitivity, location sensitivity, time sensitivity, and so they use us as a way to just deal with that on the edge.And there are other applications where it's completely what I call edge native, i.e., no dependancy on the cloud comes and runs completely distributed across our network and consumes primarily the edges infrastructure, and just maybe send some data back on the cloud for long-term storage or long-term analytics.Corey: And ingest does remain free. The long-term analytics, of course, means that once that data is there, good luck convincing a customer to move it because that gets really expensive.Chetan: Exactly, exactly. It's a speciation—as I like to say—of the cloud, into a fast tier where interactions happen, i.e., the edge. So systems of record are still in the cloud; we still have our transactional systems over there, our databases, data warehouses.And those are great for historical types of data, as you just mentioned, but for things that are operational in nature, that are interactive in nature, where you really need to deal with them because they're time-sensitive, they're depleting value in seconds or milliseconds, they're location sensitive, there's a lot of noise in the data and you need to get to just those bits of data that actually matter, throw the rest away, for example—which is what you do with a lot of telemetry in cybersecurity, for example, right—those are all the things that require a new kind of a platform, not a system of record, a system of interaction, and that's what the global data network is, the GDN. And these three primitives, the data mesh, Edge compute, and data protection, are the way that our APIs are shaped to help our enterprise customers solve these problems. So put it another way, imagine ten years from now what DynamoDB and global tables with a really fast Lambda and Kinesis with actually Event Processing built directly into Kinesis might be like. That's Macrometa today, available in 175 cities.Corey: This episode is brought to us in part by our friends at Datadog. Datadog is a SaaS monitoring and security platform that enables full-stack observability for modern infrastructure and applications at every scale. Datadog enables teams to see everything: dashboarding, alerting, application performance monitoring, infrastructure monitoring, UX monitoring, security monitoring, dog logos, and log management, in one tightly integrated platform. With 600-plus out-of-the-box integrations with technologies including all major cloud providers, databases, and web servers, Datadog allows you to aggregate all your data into one platform for seamless correlation, allowing teams to troubleshoot and collaborate together in one place, preventing downtime and enhancing performance and reliability. Get started with a free 14-day trial by visiting datadoghq.com/screaminginthecloud, and get a free t-shirt after installing the agent.Corey: I think it's also worth pointing out that it's easy for me to fall into a trap that I wonder if some of our listeners do as well, which is, I live in, basically, downtown San Francisco. I have gigabit internet connectivity here, to the point where when it goes out, it is suspicious and more a little bit frightening because my ISP—Sonic.net—is amazing and deserves every bit of praise that you never hear any ISP ever get. But when I travel, it's a very different experience. When I go to oh, I don't know, the conference center at re:Invent last year and find that the internet is patchy at best, or downtown San Francisco on Verizon today, I discover that the internet is almost non-existent, and suddenly applications that I had grown accustomed to just working suddenly didn't.And there's a lot more people who live far away from these data center regions and tier one backbones directly to same than don't. So I think that there's a lot of mistaken ideas around exactly what the lower bandwidth experience of the internet is today. And that is something that feels inadvertently classist if that make sense. Are these geographically bigoted?Chetan: Yeah. No, I think those two points are very well articulated. I wish I could articulate it that well. But yes, if you can afford 5G, some of those things get better. But again, 5G is not everywhere yet. It will be, but 5G can in many ways democratize at least one part of it, which is provide an overlap network at the edge, where if you left home and you switched networks, on to a wireless, you can still get the same quality of service that you used to getting from Sonic, for example. So I think it can solve some of those things in the future. But the second part of it—what did you call it? What bigoted?Corey: Geographically bigoted. And again, that's maybe a bit of a strong term, but it's easy to forget that you can't get around the speed of light. I would say that the most poignant example of that I had was when I was—in the before times—giving a keynote in Australia. So ah, I know what I'll do, I'll spin up an EC2 instance for development purposes—because that's how I do my development—in Australia. And then I would just pay my provider for cellular access for my iPad and that was great.And I found the internet was slow as molasses for everything I did. Like, how do people even live here? Well, turns out that my provider would backhaul traffic to the United States. So to log into my session, I would wind up having to connect with a local provider, backhaul to the US, then connect back out from there to Australia across the entire Pacific Ocean, talk to the server, get the response, would follow that return path. It's yeah, turns out that doing laps around the world is not the most efficient way of transferring any data whatsoever, let alone in sizable amounts.Chetan: And that's why we decided to call our platform the global data network, Corey. In fact, it's really built inside of sort of a very simple reason is that we have our own network underneath all of this and we stop this whole ping-pong effect of data going around and help create deterministic guarantees around latency, around location, around performance. We're trying to democratize latency and these types of problems in a way that programmers shouldn't have to worry about all this stuff. You write your code, you push publish, it runs on a network, and it all gets there with a guarantee that 95% of all your requests will happen within 50 milliseconds round-trip time, from any device, you know, in these population centers around the world.So yeah, it's a big deal. It's sort of one of our je ne sais quoi pieces in our mission and charter, which is to just democratize latency and access, and sort of get away from this geographical nonsense of, you know, how networks work and it will dynamically switch topology and just make everything slow, you know, very non-deterministic way.Corey: One last topic that I want to ask you about—because I near certain given your position, you will have an opinion on this—what's your take on, I guess, the carbon footprint of clouds these days? Because a lot of people been talking about it; there has been a lot of noise made about, justifiably so. I'm curious to get your take.Chetan: Yeah, you know, it feels like we're in the '30s and the '40s of the carbon movement when it comes to clouds today, right? Maybe there's some early awareness of the problem, but you know, frankly, there's very little we can do than just sort of put a wet finger in the air, compute some carbon offset and plant some trees. I think these are good building blocks; they're not necessarily the best ways to solve this problem, ultimately. But one of the things I care deeply about and you know, my company cares a lot about is helping make developers more aware off what kind of carbon footprint their code tangibly has on the environment. And so we've started two things inside the company. We've started a foundation that we call the Carbon Conscious Computing Consortium—the four C's. We're going to announce that publicly next year, we're going to invite folks to come and join us and be a part of it.The second thing that we're doing is we're building a completely open-source, carbon-conscious computing platform that is built on real data that we're collecting about, to start with, how Macrometa's platform emits carbon in response to different types of things you build on it. So for example, you wrote a query that hits our database and queries, you know, I don't know, 20 billion objects inside of our database. It'll tell you exactly how many micrograms or how many milligrams of carbon—it's an estimate; not exactly. I got to learn to throttle myself down. It's an estimate, you know, you can't really measure these things exactly because the cost of carbon is different in different places, you know, there are different technologies, et cetera.Gives you a good decent estimate, something that reliably tells you, “Hey, you know that query that you have over there, that piece of SQL? That's probably going to do this much of micrograms of carbon at this scale.” You know, if this query was called a million times every hour, this is how much it costs. A million times a day, this is how much it costs and things like that. But the most important thing that I feel passionate about is that when we give developers visibility, they do good things.I mean, when we give them good debugging tools, the code gets better, the code gets faster, the code gets more efficient. And Corey, you're in the business of helping people save money, when we give them good visibility into how much their code costs to run, they make the code more efficient. So we're doing the same thing with carbon, we know there's a cost to run your code, whether it's a function, a container, a query, what have you, every operation has a carbon cost. And we're on a mission to measure that and provide accurate tooling directly in our platform so that along with your debug lines, right, where you've got all these print statements that are spitting up stuff about what's happening there, we can also print out, you know, what did it cost in carbon.And you can set budgets. You can basically say, “Hey, I want my application to consume this much of carbon.” And down the road, we'll have AI and ML models that will help us optimize your code to be able to fit within those carbon budgets. For example. I'm not a big fan of planting—you know, I love planting trees, but don't get me wrong, we live in California and those trees get burned down.And I was reading this heartbreaking story about how we returned back into the atmosphere a giant amount of carbon because the forest reserve that had been planted, you know, that was capturing carbon, you know, essentially got burned down in a forest fire. So, you know, we're trying to just basically say, let's try and reduce the amount of carbon, you know, that we can potentially create by having better tooling.Corey: That would be amazing, and I think it also requires something that I guess acts almost as an exchange where there's a centralized voice that can make sure that, well, one, the provider is being honest, and two, being able to ensure you're doing an apples-to-apples comparison and not just discounting a whole lot of negative externalities. Because, yes, we're talking about carbon released into the environment. Okay, great. What about water effects from what's happening with your data centers are located? That can have significant climate impact as well. It's about trying to avoid the picking and choosing. It's hard, hard problem, but I'm unconvinced that there's anything more critical in the entire ecosystem right now to worry about.Chetan: So as a startup, we care very deeply about starting with the carbon part. And I agree, Corey, it's a multi-dimensional problem; there's lots of tentacles. The hydrocarbon industry goes very deeply into all parts of our lives. I'm a startup, what do I know? I can't solve all of those things, but I wanted to start with the philosophy that if we provide developers with the right tooling, they'll have the right incentives then to write better code. And as we open-source more of what we learn and, you know, our tooling, others will do the same. And I think in ten years, we might have better answers. But someone's got to start somewhere, and this is where we'd like to start.Corey: I really want to thank you for taking as much time as you have for going through what you're up to and how you view the world. If people want to learn more, where's the best place to find you?Chetan: Yes, so two things on that front. Go to www.macrometa.com—M-A-C-R-O-M-E-T-A dot com—and that's our website. And you can come and experience the full power of the platform. We've got a playground where you can come, open an account and build anything you want for free, and you can try and learn. You just can't run it in production because we've got a giant network, as I said, of 175 cities around the world. But there are tiers available for you to purchase and build and run apps. Like I think about 80 different customers, some of the biggest ones in the world, some of the biggest telecom customers, retail, E-Tail customers, [unintelligible 00:34:28] tiny startups are building some interesting things on.And the second thing I want to talk about is November 7th through 11th of 2022, just a couple of weeks—or maybe by the time this recording comes out, a week from now—is developer week at Macrometa. And we're going to be announcing some really interesting new capabilities, some new features like real-time complex event processing with low, ultra-low latency, data connectors, a search feature that allows you to build search directly on top of your applications without needing to spin up a giant Elastic Cloud Search cluster, or providing search locally and regionally so that, you know, you can have search running in 25 cities that are instant to search rather than sending all your search requests back in one location. There's all kinds of very cool things happening over there.And we're also announcing a partnership with the original, the OG of the edge, one of the largest, most impressive, interesting CDN players that has become a partner for us as well. And then we're also announcing some very interesting experimental work where you as a developer can build apps directly on the 5G telecom cloud as well. And then you'll hear from some interesting companies that are building apps that are edge-native, that are impossible to build in the cloud because they take advantage of these three things that we talked about: geography, latency, and data protection in some very, very powerful ways. So you'll hear actual customer case studies from real customers in the flesh, not anonymous BS, no marchitecture. It's a week-long of technical talk by developers, for developers. And so, you know, come and join the fun and let's learn all about the edge together, and let's go build something together that's impossible to do today.Corey: And we will, of course, put links to that in the [show notes 00:36:06]. Thank you so much for being so generous with your time. I appreciate it.Chetan: My pleasure, Corey. Like I said, you're one of my heroes. I've always loved your work. The Snark-as-a-Service is a trillion-dollar market cap company. If you're ever interested in taking that public, I know some investors that I'd happily put you in touch with. But—Corey: Sadly, so many of those investors lack senses of humor.Chetan: [laugh]. That is true. That is true [laugh].Corey: [laugh]. [sigh].Chetan: Well, thank you. Thanks again for having me.Corey: Thank you. Chetan Venkatesh, CEO and co-founder at Macrometa. I'm Cloud Economist Corey Quinn and this is Screaming in the Cloud. If you've enjoyed this podcast, please leave a five-star review on your podcast platform of choice, whereas if you've hated this podcast, please leave a five-star review on your podcast platform of choice, along with an angry and insulting comment about why we should build everything on the cloud provider that you work for and then the attempt to challenge Chetan for the title of Edgelord.Corey: If your AWS bill keeps rising and your blood pressure is doing the same, then you need The Duckbill Group. We help companies fix their AWS bill by making it smaller and less horrifying. The Duckbill Group works for you, not AWS. We tailor recommendations to your business and we get to the point. Visit duckbillgroup.com to get started.Announcer: This has been a HumblePod production. Stay humble.

This episode of Over the Edge features an interview between Matt Trifiro and Dr. Robert Blumofe is Executive Vice President and Chief Technology Officer at Akamai. As CTO, he guides Akamai's technology strategy to assess new market opportunities and new platforms for innovation, explore adjacent segments for the business, influence the development of standards, work with Akamai's largest customers, and convene technology leaders within the company to catalyze innovation and represent Akamai's technology vision in the marketplace.In this episode, Dr. Blumofe explains how Akamai revolutionized content delivery networks and continues to evolve and expand its services. He discusses internet growth, adapting to a more robust virtual world, and important considerations for security. Dr. Blumoff also talks about how AI and ML will help shape the future of our cities. ---------Key Quotes:“More and more traffic to and from devices, that does create some interesting problems. You know, one is just the basic problem of scale. You now have more and more traffic from more and more locations. And, so we continue to see a world in which the internet, the volume of traffic continues to grow leaps and bounds, and the importance of the edge continues to grow.”“Security and reliability get built by layering on top of the internet protocol, not by modifying the internet protocol itself. You layer on top and the power of layering can't be overstated.”“While edge computing is great, when you look at all of the microservices that make up an application, I don't think there's many cases where you could say that they all belong at the edge, or that they all belong at the core.“For a modern application, multiple microservices, you really want to be thinking about for each microservice, where does it belong? Does it belong at the edge? Does it belong at the core? Does it belong somewhere in between?”“At this point, the cost of connectivity is so low that anything that gets any benefit from being connected well, you might as well connect it.”“It's a whole spectrum. It's not a one size fits all. But I think increasingly applications need to have at least some component running at, or very near the edge. The core alone really just doesn't solve it.”"The dramatic change from IoT really is as much on the security side as it is from the scale and the importance of the edge.”---------Show Timestamps:(02:45) Being Jack Benny's Grandson and Getting into Technology(05:20) First Memory of the Internet and Career Path(10:45) Relationship Between Mathematics and Distributed Computing(12:30) Akamai Journey(14:45) What Akamai Does and the Start of CDNs(21:30) How CDNs and Work(27:30) Akamai Server and CDN Structure(31:00) Akamai's Expanding Services and Evolution(35:30) Akamai's Acquisition of Linode(37:00) Edge vs. Core(42:30) Akamai's Interconnection Fabric(44:30) Changes to Internet Traffic, Adaptation, and Security(47:00) Concept of a Bidirectional CDN(49:15) Network Security(53:00) Akamai Network Capacity(53:15) Most Exciting Innovations (remaking cities with AI and ML)--------Sponsor:Over the Edge is brought to you by Dell Technologies to unlock the potential of your infrastructure with edge solutions. From hardware and software to data and operations, across your entire multi-cloud environment, we're here to help you simplify your edge so you can generate more value. Learn more by visiting DellTechnologies.com/SimplifyYourEdge for more information or click on the link in the show notes.--------Links:Follow Matt on TwitterConnect with Dr. Blumofe on LinkedInwww.CaspianStudios.com

This year's Mediatech Hub Conference is (also) about green streaming. Dom Robinson, director and co-founder of Greening of Streaming, an interest . This year's Mediatech Hub Conference is (also) about green streaming. Dom Robinson, director and co-founder of Greening of Streaming, an interest group that brings players from the industry together, will be the speaker. We wanted to know from him: Can streaming be (more) environmentally friendly? INTERVIEW Boris Messing CCB Magazine:Streaming is the new television, and streaming services consume a lot of energy. How can the carbon footprint of a streaming service be calculated? Dom Robinson:A very good question. The industry itself is currently focusing on this, but as a whole there is little to no consensus yet. Early claims in this space have almost entirely come from onlookers, analysts and academics and been extrapolated from ‘lab tests' on various components or used ‘data attribution' models but with little real understanding or insight into how services are actually deployed and operated in real world Content Delivery Network and streaming infrastructures. So, any figures making estimates from outside the industry at the moment are not taken seriously by the industry itself. CCB Magazine:According to a study by the French think tank Shift Project, the Co2 equivalent of video streaming in 2018 was more than 300 million tons. A third of this, according to the study, was due to on-demand services such as Amazon Prime and Netflix. Is this a credible figure? Dom Robinson:The shift report was widely discredited since it not only used ‘data attribution' models but they had a calculation out between bits and bytes making their results out by a factor of 8. This was corrected by George Kamiya of the International Energy Agency and many others have supported that. Shift themselves corrected this and brought their estimates down considerably. Only the industry has the touch points with the infrastructure to really evaluate such things, and the industry itself is still in the throes of working out how to measure such things. The one figure we tend to accept is that about 3% of world energy is being used by Information and Communication Technology, and with Cisco and others estimating that 70-80% of all network traffic is now video streaming. We at Greening of Streaming talk about streaming ‘probably' requiring between 1% and 2% of World Energy. The one figure we tend to accept is that about 3% of world energy is being used by Information and Communication Technology, and with Cisco and others estimating that 70-80% of all network traffic is now video streaming CCB Magazine:What are the most promising measures and ideas to make streaming less CO2-intensive? Dom Robinson:Even if the entire Information and Communication Technology industry moved to renewable energy we, as engineers, seek to be better energy citizens so our infrastructures do not consume ‘all' the renewables, leaving energy available for other critical uses such as heating and refrigeration. That said we have key focus working groups investigating a move of thinking from ‘bandwidth' to ‘infrastructure availability' – the latter is actually what is consuming the energy. Energy is not (despite most thinking) relating to usage of infrastructure; it is actually being consumed in the provisioning and making available of infrastructure. In simple terms ‘everything is provisioned for peak all the time' – so this means that Service Level Agreements along the supply chains are hugely impacting and are the immediately low hanging fruit for making significant change. CCB Magazine:Who plays the most important role in reducing emissions from streaming: users or providers? Dom Robinson:Absolutely 100% the providers. We have a range of surveys we completed with the public and announced in our UK Parliament event this summer, that highlight that while there is increasing awareness in the consumer, they are almost entirely unable to do a...

Andreas and Nathan met as result of a prophetic word and a random email. Andreas Kisslinger is from Vienna, Austria and is the founder and CEO of Lightcast, a multimedia company specializing in Video Hosting and Content Delivery Network solutions. For years Andreas served in full-time ministry in the church before launching out into the marketplace where he has built a global company that is serving its clients and building the Kingdom of God world-wide.You will be encouraged by the stories Andreas shares with Nathan of purpose, identity and using our gifts to expand the Kingdom of God through business. Do you know someone who is struggling to pursue their calling in the marketplace? This episode would be a great encouragement to them so be sure to share it via your favorite platform today.With this episode focusing on how kingdom business, here are a few articles from Nathan's blog #TheBestViewInTown that may be of interest to you.1.  Is Success Killing You?2. Luck Is Actually Pronounced Hard Work3.  How Much Blessing Can You Handle?Just joining us for the first time? You can always go back and catch all our episodes from Season 1. Be sure to subscribe so you never miss the latest podcast and take a minute to rate the show on your favorite platform to help us get the show out to more people in more places. As always you can find us at TheBestViewInTown.com or send us an email by clicking the link here. Click the links  to find Nathan's Music on Apple Music of SpotifyCheck out our YouTube Channel while you're at it!Want to support the show? We're working on a way for you to do that but in the mean time you can support it through Venmo or CashApp. Thanks so much!On this Episode:Guest: Andreas KisslingerHost: Producer: Nathan Wesley SmithCohost: Justin Porter

An outage in Cloudflare's content delivery network disrupts multiple services across the Internet. Plus, Meta shows off some mixed reality headset prototypes, former Tesla employees sue Tesla, and South Korea successfully puts a satellite into orbit. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Cos'è una Content Delivery Network e come funziona dietro le quinte? Come si è evoluto Amazon CloudFront negli ultimi 14 anni? Quali casi d'uso supporta oltre alla distribuzione di contenuti statici? Qual è la differenza tra una Edge Location ed una Regional Edge Cache? In questo episodio ospito Catalin Borsan, Solutions Architect di AWS Italia, per parlare della storia di Amazon CloudFront, delle funzionalità più utili sul fronte di sicurezza e affidabilità, ed anche dell'evoluzione da "semplice" CDN per contenuti statici fino alla computazione distribuita all'edge grazie a Lambda@Edge e CloudFront Functions. Link: Amazon CloudFront. Link: CloudFront Functions.

Jay and Theo are back this week hosting Tony and Tars from Taiwanese company Mlytics. Mlytics strives for a faster, safer internet through cloud-disrupting solutions. Our guests talk about the origins of Mlytics, and how the company closely monitors, refines, and analyzes a plethora of data as part of their AI solution for customers. This system revolutionizes the Content Delivery Network, working faster through caching and compression and safer by protecting the networks from attack. After studying the CDN market, the CEO of Mlytics realized the powerful solutions available, while technically impressive, were not end-user friendly. With Mlytics, he sought to change the space by working backwards and beginning with a detailed picture of customer needs, then building solutions to satisfy them. Mlytics clients are provided with easy access to multiple CDNs quickly and safely to offer ultimate control and tailoring to their particular goals. By building this ecosystem of choice, Mlytics has created a one-of-a-kind brand that enables clients to choose the tools that work best for their company. With standardized CDN usage, clients know they're using the best networks and paying for only what they use in a centralized billing platform. AI is a big part of this Mlytics Smart Load Balancer solution. Through machine learning techniques, Mlytics analyzes data to find patterns in CDN infrastructure and reactions. They've built in a 15 second performance prediction based on this information, allowing them to predict CDN downtime and automatically move client projects to more efficient networks when necessary. The company's ethos of full transparency has fostered a supportive and collaborative work environment as well. Our guests offer advice for other tech companies looking to exceed customer expectations and empower employees to experiment and innovate.

Netflix distribuisce quotidianamente contenuti video in alta qualità a decine di milioni di utenti in tutto il mondo. Uno dei suoi segreti è la stretta collaborazione con gli operatori di telefonia tramite il Content Delivery Network. Di cosa si tratta? Ne parliamo con Simon Pietro Romano dell'Università di Napoli Federico II.

Netflix distribuisce quotidianamente contenuti video in alta qualità a decine di milioni di utenti in tutto il mondo. Uno dei suoi segreti è la stretta collaborazione con gli operatori di telefonia tramite il Content Delivery Network. Di cosa si tratta? Ne parliamo con Simon Pietro Romano dell'Università di Napoli Federico II.

CDN is a set of geographically distributed servers for fast content delivery. Without CDN all requests are routed to your own server, located somewhere in the world. For example, in San Francisco. If your visitor lives in Australia, the experience is rather poor. But now imagine the traffic to your website is proxied through a global caching layer. Your visitor in Australia downloads data from an edge server nearby. A different visitor in Cape Town, Africa, will be routed to a completely different CDN server. The routing is done by the CDN itself, typically via DNS. It's transparent to your visitors. Of course, all CDN servers contain the same data. Moreover, pretty much no-one contacts your own server in San Francisco. Only the CDN network itself. Technically, visitors don't even know the address of your origin server! They use domain name like example.com and DNS routes to appropriate cache server. Read more: https://nurkiewicz.com/53 Get the new episode straight to your mailbox: https://nurkiewicz.com/newsletter

Read the full Show Notes and search through the world's largest audio library on Scrum directly on the Scrum Master Toolbox Podcast website: http://bit.ly/SMTP_ShowNotes. The Great Product Owner: Communication and negotiation as key skills for great PO's Great Product Owners focus on communicating their Vision, and helping the team understand where they want to take the product. But that's only one perspective on communication. We discuss how the ability to communicate and negotiate with team and stakeholders become a key contributor to a great PO. In this segment, we refer to WSJF prioritization or Weighted Shortest Job First.  The Bad Product Owner: Helping busy PO's collaborate better with their Scrum teams When PO's have several hats, it becomes difficult to give team's the time they need to clarify questions and receive feedback. This lack of availability can quickly become a blocker for the team, if we - as Scrum Masters - don't help the team and PO define clearly how they will collaborate. We explore how to help busy PO's collaborate better (and in many cases more!) with the team.  In this segment, we refer to the PO's Sprint Checklist, a tool we created at the Scrum Master Toolbox Podcast to help Scrum Masters guide and support their PO's.  Are you having trouble helping the teamwork well with their Product Owner? We've put together a course to help you work on the collaboration team-product owner. You can find it at bit.ly/coachyourpo. 18 modules, 8+ hours of modules with tools and techniques that you can use to help teams and PO's collaborate. About Priyanka Keswani Priyanka is a seasoned Agile Coach with a firm belief in innovation, continuous improvement, and a focus on Agile transformation in the organization. With 14+ years of experience, she has worked across various domains- Content Delivery Network, Travel, CRM, and Storage. She started as a QA Manager, then became Scrum Master and Agile Coach. Outside of work, she enjoys listening to music, dancing, traveling, and networking with people. You can link with Priyanka Keswani on LinkedIn and connect with Priyanka Keswani on Twitter.

Read the full Show Notes and search through the world's largest audio library on Scrum directly on the Scrum Master Toolbox Podcast website: http://bit.ly/SMTP_ShowNotes. Success for a Scrum Master can mean many things and is also directly affected by the context of the team. In this segment, we talk about one aspect of that success: how good are the team at thinking about their performance outside the simple execution of a process. As Priyanka defines it: helping the team going from “doing” Agile to “being” Agile.  In this segment, we refer to the tool “mood board”.  Featured Retrospective Format for the Week: The Sailboat retro and why it works so well We start this segment by discussing when, and why, the basic retro formats are useful for teams. Then we move on to discuss why the retrospective is about much more than just process, or how we work and discuss how the Sailboat format helps the teams think outside their usual context of process and tools.  Do you wish you had decades of experience? Learn from the Best Scrum Masters In The World, Today! The Tips from the Trenches - Scrum Master edition audiobook includes hours of audio interviews with SM's that have decades of experience: from Mike Cohn to Linda Rising, Christopher Avery, and many more. Super-experienced Scrum Masters share their hard-earned lessons with you. Learn those today, make your teams awesome!   About Priyanka Keswani Priyanka is a seasoned Agile Coach with a firm belief in innovation, continuous improvement, and a focus on Agile transformation in the organization. With 14+ years of experience, she has worked across various domains- Content Delivery Network, Travel, CRM, and Storage. She started as a QA Manager, then became Scrum Master and Agile Coach. Outside of work, she enjoys listening to music, dancing, traveling, and networking with people. You can link with Priyanka Keswani on LinkedIn and connect with Priyanka Keswani on Twitter.

Siliconpolitik: Mile Sur Mera Tumhaara— Pranay KotasthaneHigh Technology cooperation is fast becoming a differentiating point of the Quad arrangement. It appears that the Quad Working Group, which was formed after the first Summit meeting in March 2021, has locked in space, biotechnology, 5G communications, cybersecurity, and semiconductors as five immediate focus areas. Music to my ears. As Technopolitik readers are aware, I have been making a case for a Quad collaboration on semiconductors over the last five months. So it was gratifying to find out that, amongst other things, the Quad launched a Semiconductor Supply Chain Initiative to "map capacity, identify vulnerabilities, and bolster supply-chain security for semiconductors and their vital components."I have a long article in News18 analysing the significance of this announcement. Here are a few excerpts.Q: What's the big deal about this announcement?A: Two ways to look at it.One, the Quad agrees that semiconductors are ‘metacritical’ — in the sense that success in other critical and emerging technologies depends on a secure, resilient, and fast-advancing semiconductor supply chain.Two:The summit fact sheet adds that the Quad partners should collectively support a diverse and competitive market for producing semiconductors. The last sentence is significant—it signals a shift in mindset from national indigenisation to strategic cooperation.Subsidies, incentives, and tax breaks were the only instruments countries pursued — separately — until now. Semiconductors entering the Quad agenda is a recognition of the fact that no one nation-state can eliminate all bottlenecks in the complex semiconductor supply chain. To illustrate this point, see the Taiwan Economy Minister’s statement earlier in the week:“Taiwan alone could not sort out the problem because the supply chain is so complex. The bottleneck in fact is in Southeast Asia, especially Malaysia, because for a while the factories were all shut down.”When the country that accounts for nearly 70 per cent of contract chip manufacturing says that it alone cannot de-bottleneck the supply chain, other countries should take note. As I keep saying: strategic cooperation is a necessity, not a choice. Q: What next. Is this initiative enough?A:“Mapping the supply chain vulnerability should only be a first step of the collaboration. The grouping can directly bolster supply chain security in the following ways.One, Quad can form a consortium aimed at building a diversified semiconductor manufacturing base. The consortium could create a roadmap for new manufacturing facilities across Quad countries. The focus should be to collectively have access to manufacturing at the leading-edge nodes (5 nanometres and below) and critical trailing-edge nodes (45 nanometres and above). The latter will continue to remain workhorses for automotive, communications (5G), and AI.Two, Quad can sponsor new standard developments such as composite semiconductors and create one centre for excellence (CoE) in each Quad country in an area of its immediate interest. For example, Australia could host the CoE for new materials in electronics, Japan could host the CoE for silicon manufacturing equipment, and the US and India could host CoEs on specific fabless design architectures.Three, Quad can facilitate strategic alliances between companies in each other’s countries. For example, faster visa processing and lower employment barriers for semiconductor professionals in Quad member countries could facilitate higher technology exchange and joint development levels. Removing technology transfer restrictions could make overseas licensing easier. Easing capital flows in this sector could again foster more joint development projects.”Q: What's in it for India?A:“India should use the Quad collaboration to get a Japanese or American company to manufacture semiconductors in India, even if it’s at a trailing-edge node such as 65 nm. Collaborating with partners would minimise the risk of failures while ensuring India’s core defence and strategic interests are secured.Moreover, the AUKUS defence alliance has shown that the US is willing to share sensitive technologies with key partners, something it wasn’t amenable to in the past. This new technology alliance mindset should become the norm in Quad as well. India should push for the US to lower investment barriers and reduce export controls.Apart from IC manufacturing, India should double down on its core strength. In a Takshashila Institution report titled India’s Semiconductor Ecosystem: A SWOT Analysis, we observed that India has an outright advantage in semiconductor design. The next step should be to encourage indigenous intellectual property creation. PM Modi’s meeting with the Qualcomm CEO is vital in this regard. With more multinational companies moving their cutting-edge semiconductor design to Indian offices, the Indian ecosystem will develop organically.”Well begun is half-done. In the next edition, I’ll have some recommendations for what the Quad can consider to deepen this cooperation on semiconductors.Cyberpolitik #1: Rus(sia)hing to decisions— Prateek WaghreIn the last few weeks, there have been two sets of significant developments involving Russia and the Internet:After several weeks of sustained pressure from Russian authorities, in mid-September, Google and Apple removed a 'smart voting' app from Alexei Navalny's team just before the elections (Techmeme aggregation of related links)As part of its efforts to deal with COVID-19-related misinformation, YouTube took action against two German-language channels operated by Russia Today. Russia threatened to retaliate by blocking YouTube and German media outlets.These issues represent a microcosm of the myriad issues at the intersection of technology and geopolitics.In this section, let's look at three of them:Content Moderation through the stackNot only did Apple and Google remove the app from the Russian versions of their respective app stores, but they also took actions that had downstream effects. Apple, reportedly, asked Telegram to remove some channels that Navalny's team were using to share information or risk being removed from the App Store. Telegram complied.These actions are neither new nor exceptional - but what is notable is that they have been praised (de-platforming Alex Jones' Infowars, Parler) or criticised (VPN apps in China, HKMAP.live during the 2019 HK protests) in the past, depending on the context. WSJ’s Facebook Files series also references Apple’s role in Facebook’s response to concerns about human trafficking. This is, of course, not specific to Apple, as a range of companies and services at different levels of the internet stack like AWS, Cloudflare, GoDaddy, etc., have had to make such decisions.A particularly notable recent example was the case of OnlyFans, where the company announced (and later rolled back) policies that would have banned creators who posted adult content. The move was a result, not of any regulatory pressure or social backlash, but the apparent squeamishness of some firms in the financial services industry in the UK, which would have had an impact on creators around the world.I've also written about the subject of content moderation through the stack over on MisDisMal-Information (27 - Content Moderation Stack, 36 - Must-Carry Water and Internet Scores and 48 - moderation: stacked and loaded)Complying with 'local regulation'In the lead-up to Apple and Google removing the 'smart 'voting' app, they were threatened with fines, made to appear before committees where reports suggest that authorities named specific employees that would be liable for prosecution. A proposed Russian law requires that internet companies with over 500 thousand users in Russia set up a local presence. Similar regulation around the world has earned them the moniker of 'hostage-taking laws' as they open employees up to the risk of retaliation/harassment by state authorities.The local regulation that led to Apple warning Telegram is believed to be about 'election silence' - which prohibits campaigning during elections. Such laws are not unique to Russia.Multinational companies operating across jurisdictions have had to 'comply with local regulation.' It was rarely an option until the information age, making it possible to scale across countries without establishing a physical presence. Even in the internet economy, companies that operate physical infrastructure deep into the tech stack often have limited choice. I have some personal experience with this, being part of a team that managed Content Delivery Network operations for China and Russia between 2015 and 2018.Rapid and Global Scale Decision-makingWhen YouTube decided to enforce its COVID-related misinformation policies, did it anticipate that channels operated by Russia Today would be swept up by the enforcement action and did it expect threats/retaliation by Russian authorities? In 2021, there is no excuse not to, considering we have witnessed so many instances where technology companies found themselves in situations with geopolitical implications. Yet, we must stop and ask two questions. First, do they have the capacity to make these decisions on a global scale on a near-realtime basis? Second, do we want them to make such choices? Arguably, the order should be reversed, but we have to ask the capacity question in parallel since we're already in a situation where they make such decisions.As US and allied forces were withdrawing from Afghanistan, sections of the press were heavily critical of social media platforms for continuing to platform Taliban-associated voices. Though, we also do need to take into account that nation-states with significant resources and capacity dedicated to international relations and geopolitics have, even now, yet to make a decision (this, of course, is likely strategic in many cases). But it does leave several open questions for private companies that often rely on nation-states for directionality. In this context, it is worth listening to this Lawfare podcast episode which draws parallels with the financial services industry and the mechanisms they can rely on to make decisions regarding dealing with banned groups.Takshashila is doing a Global Outlook Survey covering domains like India’s bilateral and multilateral engagements, national security concerns, economic diplomacy and attitudes towards the use of force. If this sounds interesting, do click-through to participate.CyberPolitik #2: Thinking (Data) of the Leaks — Sapni G KVoluminous reports surrounding data leaks have surfaced in the past two weeks. Facebook prioritising profits over the safety of its platforms has kept users and the US Congress on their toes. Another series of leaked reports dubbed the Pandora Papers allege tax evasion by famous and powerful figures across the globe. The underlying thread running through these investigations is the nature of these exposes – data leaks. These are whistleblower and media-led efforts that broke into the secret vaults of data held dear by few powerful people. The journalistic value of these investigations cannot be undermined. However, the question of data governance mechanisms crops up again.Data regulation is not settled for good, regardless of the EU GDPR. Although it provides certain consent-focused templates for transparency in the use of data across sectors, there is no apposite global standard for data governance yet. In the absence of any clearly laid down and achievable normative standard, regulation of technology itself will emerge as a challenge in multiple forms. This manifests as multiple problems in platform regulation – where data maximisation leads to the prioritisation of engagement on the platform and consequentially pushing users into rabbit holes of harmful content, faulty algorithmic recommendations, and ultimately platforms that wield more power than many States.These challenges are now increasingly being acknowledged by States. China’s efforts at regulating its tech titans reflect its intent to ensure that corporations keep towing its line. The recently concluded EU-USA Trade and Technology Council meeting also reiterated the necessity to lay down standards for data governance. This is critical as we develop technology that captures larger troves of data, such as Artificial Intelligence. The joint statement issued by the Council emphasises the need for cooperation in standard-setting, focusing on human rights and democratic values.Reports that India’s Personal Data Protection Bill will expand its mandate to become an exhaustive data protection legislation are worth consideration here. India’s data governance framework is limited to a few sectoral regulations by the RBI and the SPDI Rules under the IT Act, 2000. While an overhaul of the current regulatory regime is necessary, thinking through nuances with speed and precision is important. India’s pace in this regard may not give us an opportunity for global standard-setting. A well-defined data governance regime is critical as we start large-scale implementation of technology-based solutions that deal with sensitive information such as health data.Antariksh Matters: The Quad looks to the heavens, with an eye on China— Aditya RamanathanThe Quad has taken baby steps towards space cooperation. A fact sheet jointly released by India and the US announced that the Quad had set up a working group on space. The bilateral joint statement also outlined three areas of cooperation: sharing satellite capabilities on “climate-change risks and the sustainable use of oceans and marine resources,” building capacity for space-related activity among other Indo-Pacific states, and consulting on norms and guidelines. Sharing data and analysis on climate change makes sense because it is a major threat to states in the Indo-Pacific and is a way of providing public goods to smaller states in the region. The second area of cooperation - capacity building - can also turn the Quad into a major provider of public goods to smaller states in the region, helping them operate their own military, commercial, and scientific satellites, thereby reducing their dependence on China’s space programme. If the Quad actually achieves these goals, its member states might also be able to operate more ground stations from the territory of these states, improving their own space situational awareness (SSA). The third area of cooperation mentioned - consulting on norms and guidelines - may sound the most innocuous or non-descript, but it is, in fact, rooted in the strategic considerations that prompted the creation of the Quad in the first place. China’s 2007 kinetic ASAT missile test certainly prompted India’s own test in 2019. The creation of the PLA Strategic Support Force and mounting evidence of China’s counterspace programme have finally prompted Quad states to coordinate their efforts. Norms and guidelines are inherent to the challenge of managing strategic competition in space because they can help shape its pace and direction. This is the primary reason that the US is opposed to Sino-Russian proposals for a treaty governing the weaponisation of space. India’s own approach to these proposals has been cautious, but the realities of China’s non-kinetic counterspace capabilities will continue to nudge it into joining the other Quad states in proposing new norms of behaviour in outer space. While the joint statement made a brief mention of space situational awareness (SSA), this is likely to become an important part of Quad cooperation. Here, the geographic dispersion of the four Quad states is actually an asset, as it allows Quad states to leverage ground stations across continents and in both hemispheres. Finally, we should note something crucial that the joint statement did not cover: the private sector. While stories of interplanetary probes or human spaceflight may dominate the headlines, what matters most are satellites that look back at the Earth, and Earth-based sensors that track satellites in the planet’s celestial littoral. This is the beating heart of commercial space enterprise, and it presents a major opportunity for the Quad to create and expand “bubbles of trust” that allow for the sharing of key space technologies. The Quad working group on space can also function as a mechanism to identify policies that will encourage greater commercial interaction between private space companies in the member states. India could benefit immensely from this, whether by offering satellite construction or launch services, or offering downstream services for image processing and analysis. Our Reading Menu[Paper] CSET’s From Cold War Sanctions to Weaponized Interdependence is essential reading for anyone trying to understand the history of technopolitik[Article] Navigating the tech stack - Joan Donovan[Policy Review] Expanding the debate content moderation - Tarletop Gilespie et al[Article] How hate speech reveals the invisible politics of internet infrastructure - Suzanne van Geuns and Corinne Cath-Speth.[Paper] The Flaws of Policies Requiring Human Oversight of Government Algorithms by Ben Green[Article] The Largest Autocracy on Earth by Adrienne LaFrance This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit hightechir.substack.com

Read the full Show Notes and search through the world's largest audio library on Scrum directly on the Scrum Master Toolbox Podcast website: http://bit.ly/SMTP_ShowNotes. While helping the teams at her company move towards Agile, Priyanka and her colleagues defined a maturity model that helped explain to the teams where they were in their journey to Agile. Priyanka explains how the Scrum Masters went about developing the model and implementing it with teams. Listen in to learn how you can use a maturity model as a guide for teams adopting Agile. About Priyanka Keswani Priyanka is a seasoned Agile Coach with a firm belief in innovation, continuous improvement, and a focus on Agile transformation in the organization. With 14+ years of experience, she has worked across various domains- Content Delivery Network, Travel, CRM, and Storage. She started as a QA Manager, then became Scrum Master and Agile Coach. Outside of work, she enjoys listening to music, dancing, traveling, and networking with people. You can link with Priyanka Keswani on LinkedIn and connect with Priyanka Keswani on Twitter.

Read the full Show Notes and search through the world's largest audio library on Scrum directly on the Scrum Master Toolbox Podcast website: http://bit.ly/SMTP_ShowNotes. We start this episode with a quote by Goldratt: “Tell me how you will measure me, and then I will tell you how I will behave. If you measure me in an illogical way, don't complain about illogical behavior.” We dive into how metrics can totally affect the team's performance, and why individual performance appraisal destroys teamwork.  Featured Book of the Week: Scrum: The Art of Doing Twice the Work in Half the Time by Sutherland In Scrum: The Art of Doing Twice the Work in Half the Time by Sutherland, Priyanka found inspiring stories that helped her understand how Scrum applies in real life. Priyanka also refers to the book “Start with Why” by Sinek, a great reminder that we must help the organizations define their purpose as an enabler for improvement. How can Angela (the Agile Coach) quickly build healthy relationships with the teams she's supposed to help? What were the steps she followed to help the Breeze App team fight off the competition? Find out how Angela helped Naomi and the team go from “behind” to being ahead of Intuition Bank, by focusing on the people! Download the first 4 chapters of the BOOK for FREE while it is in Beta! About Priyanka Keswani Priyanka is a seasoned Agile Coach with a firm belief in innovation, continuous improvement, and a focus on Agile transformation in the organization. With 14+ years of experience, she has worked across various domains- Content Delivery Network, Travel, CRM, and Storage. She started as a QA Manager, then became Scrum Master and Agile Coach. Outside of work, she enjoys listening to music, dancing, traveling, and networking with people. You can link with Priyanka Keswani on LinkedIn and connect with Priyanka Keswani on Twitter.

Read the full Show Notes and search through the world's largest audio library on Scrum directly on the Scrum Master Toolbox Podcast website: http://bit.ly/SMTP_ShowNotes. When the organization started moving to Agile, Priyanka was a lead for a QA team. As the transformation progressed, Priyanka took on the role of Scrum Master and started to face “resistance” in the team she was helping. The anti-pattern she was observing was a common one: some team members overworked, while others didn't have enough to do. Listen in to learn how Priyanka helped the team recover from the first pain of transition, as well as the siloed-expert anti-pattern.    About Priyanka Keswani Priyanka is a seasoned Agile Coach with a firm belief in innovation, continuous improvement, and a focus on Agile transformation in the organization. With 14+ years of experience, she has worked across various domains- Content Delivery Network, Travel, CRM, and Storage. She started as a QA Manager, then became Scrum Master and Agile Coach. Outside of work, she enjoys listening to music, dancing, traveling, and networking with people. You can link with Priyanka Keswani on LinkedIn and connect with Priyanka Keswani on Twitter. 

Fastly's growth rates have come to a screeching halt, and its customers are infuriated over a recent network outage. Are these short-term blips that are correctable? Or are they indicative of longer-term problems with the company's technology? 7investing lead advisors Anirban Mahanti and Dan Kline discuss Fastly's Content Delivery Network and whether it is sustainable as a long-term investment. Welcome to 7investing. We are here to empower you to invest in your future! We publish our 7 best ideas in the stock market to our subscribers for just $49 per month or $399 per year. Start your journey toward's financial independence: https://www.7investing.com/subscribe Stop by our website to level-up your investing education: https://www.7investing.com Follow us on Social Media ► https://www.facebook.com/7investing/ ► https://twitter.com/7investing ► https://instagram.com/7investing --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/7investing/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/7investing/support

Continuing the conversation on Software Application Speed, I look at one of the means of improvement - using a Content Delivery Network (CDN). In this episode I introduce the Content Delivery Network (CDN); how it works, why you would consider it, and the concerns that may come with it. ----- Find this episodes show notes at: https://red-folder.com/podcasts/95 Have an idea for an episode topic, or want to see what is coming up: https://red-folder.com/podcasts/roadmap

On Tech News Weekly, Mikah Sargent and Jason Howell talk about the service disruption that affected Akamai and how that brought down tens of thousands of websites for a few hours. For this story and more, check out Tech News Weekly: https://twit.tv/tnw/193 Hosts: Mikah Sargent and Jason Howell You can find more about TWiT and subscribe to our podcasts at https://podcasts.twit.tv/

On Tech News Weekly, Mikah Sargent and Jason Howell talk about the service disruption that affected Akamai and how that brought down tens of thousands of websites for a few hours. For this story and more, check out Tech News Weekly: https://twit.tv/tnw/193 Hosts: Mikah Sargent and Jason Howell You can find more about TWiT and subscribe to our podcasts at https://podcasts.twit.tv/

On Tech News Weekly, Mikah Sargent and Jason Howell talk about the service disruption that affected Akamai and how that brought down tens of thousands of websites for a few hours. For this story and more, check out Tech News Weekly: https://twit.tv/tnw/193 Hosts: Mikah Sargent and Jason Howell You can find more about TWiT and subscribe to our podcasts at https://podcasts.twit.tv/

On Tech News Weekly, Mikah Sargent and Jason Howell talk about the service disruption that affected Akamai and how that brought down tens of thousands of websites for a few hours. For this story and more, check out Tech News Weekly: https://twit.tv/tnw/193 Hosts: Mikah Sargent and Jason Howell You can find more about TWiT and subscribe to our podcasts at https://podcasts.twit.tv/

On Tech News Weekly, Mikah Sargent and Jason Howell talk about the service disruption that affected Akamai and how that brought down tens of thousands of websites for a few hours. For this story and more, check out Tech News Weekly: https://twit.tv/tnw/193 Hosts: Mikah Sargent and Jason Howell You can find more about TWiT and subscribe to our podcasts at https://podcasts.twit.tv/

A problem with a Content Delivery Network meant that several major web sites and services went offline on Thursday. The State of California brings a lawsuit against video game company Activision Blizzard. And the UAE zaps clouds to make it rain. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.com

Wer Siemens Aktien hält, kann sich sicher sein, dass man ab und zu mal neue Aktien im Depot findet, denn Siemensianer lieben Abspaltungen. So auch bei Siemens Energy: Seit September 2020 ist das Unternehmen an der Börse zu erwerben - und Siemensaktionäre bekamen prompt Siemens Energy Aktien gratis eingebucht. Die Energie-Experten setzen auf erneuerbare Energien, Turbinen, Windräder und Kraftwerktechnik und stoßen damit auf interessierte Ohren an der Börse. Denn Renewable Energy ist gerade sexy... Ein Unternehmen, was für Schlagzeilen im Juni 2020 gesorgt hat, startete als reines Content Delivery Network und ist jetzt so etwas wie ein Multi-Produkt-Player. Das Tech-Unternehmen aus San Francisco hatte dafür gesorgt, dass große Websites wie Twitch, Spotify oder PayPal für ein paar Stunden nicht mehr erreichbar waren. Das zeigt: Fastly muss hinter den Kulissen des WWW so einiges unter Dach und Fach halten und ist kaum wegzudenken. Neben dem Content Delivery Network bietet Fastly nämlich auch Internet Security Anwendungen sowie eine Plattform für Edge Computing an. Klingt spannend? Ist es. Enjoy!   Die Investor Relations Seite der Titel: Siemens Energy Fastly   Wenn euch gefällt, was ihr hört, lasst uns gerne eine Bewertung auf Apple Podcast da und abonniert unseren Podcast: APPLE PODCAST SPOTIFY PODCAST   Wir freuen uns über jeden Like, Comment und jede Nachricht auf unserem Insta.

 Johannes und Jochen waren auf der DjangoCon Europe 2021 und erzählen Dominik davon. Beispielsweise, weshalb vielleicht keine so gute Idee ist, zuviel Spaß beim Programmieren zu haben. Oder welche Talks und Workshops besonders interessant, gut oder einfach nur überraschend waren.     Shownotes Unsere E-Mail für Fragen, Anregungen & Kommentare: hallo@python-podcast.de DjangoCon Europe 2021 DjangoCon Europe 2021  Talk: Programming for pleasure | What nobody tells you about documentation ATEM Mini Talk: Serving files with Django, django_fileresponse nginx X-Accel | ngx_http_auth_request CDN Django 3.1 Async | Django wird asynchron: Pythons Web-Framework erhält neue Funktion MinIO Jochens Twitch Stream | Youtube Playlist Talk: Django Unstuck: Suggestions for common challenges in your projects | Video und Material zu Django Unstuck DjangoCon 2020 | How To Get On This Stage (And What To Do When You Get There) - Mark Smith gather.town Talk: Dynamic static sites with Django and Sphinx Django Chat Talk: Rewriting Django from (almost) scratch in 2021 Talk: KEYNOTE | We're all part of this: Jazzband 5 years later Github organization: jazzband kolo.app Htmx / intercooler.js Podcast Episode: HTMX - Clean, Dynamic HTML Pages Talk: Unlocking the full potential of PostgreSQL indexes in Django Talk: (A) SQL for Django Talk: Writing Safe Database Migrations Talk: Domain Driven Design with Django and GraphQL SOLID Hotwire Talk: Anvil: Full Stack Web with Nothing but Python Podcast Episode: Flask 2.0 gevent FastAPI Pyramid Picks Devdocs aiosql - Simple SQL in Python Tig: text-mode interface for Git lifetimes Öffentliches Tag auf konektom

Début juin, de nombreux sites importants comme Amazon, Reddit, Spotify, PayPal, Ebay ou Twitch étaient indisponibles suite à une panne majeure dans un service nommé Fastly. Les erreurs 503 sont alors apparues un peu partout, révélant une dépendance insoupçonnée à ce service de cloud largement méconnu. Fastly est une société américaine gérant un réseau dit « de diffusion de contenu » (Content Delivery Network, CDN). Celui-ci est constitué de serveurs proxy répartis dans le monde entier, dont le but est de mettre à disposition le contenu web de leurs clients au plus proche des internautes. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

[As Heard 2021-06-08 on WTAG, WHYN, WHJJ. Fastly CDN failure] Hi, so glad you are joining me today. I was speaking with Mr. Polito about a couple of different things. One, this problem you might have noticed with all of these major websites, CNN, all the way through the government of the United Kingdom going offline. So I explain how sites work on the larger scale site. And I also got into what happened here. What was the problem? [00:00:28] And then we got a little bit more into the question about Putin he's meeting with president Biden. As he been testing, president Biden. Some people really think that he has mean that Putin is trying to see how far he can go. So we get into that and I think I disprove the absolute certainty. [00:00:51] Some people have been expressing. [00:00:54] Jim Polito: [00:00:54] Right now, I want to get this guy on board. He is our good friend and tech talk guru, Craig Peterson. I think it was just recently the birthday of the man who's credited with inventing the internet. No, not Al gore. And I just want to remind you that if you're on the internet, you may be using, or part of your search on the internet may have. [00:01:16] Some code that was written by the great Craig Peterson and he joins us now. Good morning, sir. [00:01:24] Craig Peterson: [00:01:24] Good morning. Yeah. Back in the day. I remember when, [00:01:29] Jim Polito: [00:01:29] so let's get to this. Yeah, let's get to this. I want to get to Putin Biden and cyber attacks. And your take on that. But first we just had a, some kind of a crash of of a cloud, what out on the west coast. [00:01:47] But obviously when something like that happens, that affects all of these, right? [00:01:53] Craig Peterson: [00:01:53] Yeah. Yeah. It's something that Trump of Aqua knows a lot about. And [00:01:58]Jim Polito: [00:01:58] Please don't bring Tommy we'll be into this. It's certainly even, I know it's a different type of cloud. [00:02:06] Craig Peterson: [00:02:06] Oh, okay. Yeah. Here's what the happened to have here. [00:02:10]Let's talk about what happens with normal websites when things are working properly, there are distributed servers all over the world and this company, Fastly has 80 data centers located everywhere. And the idea is you go to one of these bigger websites and that website has a quick look at you saying, where are you? [00:02:31] Oh, okay. You're in Western mass. So we have a data center close to you. So now it's feeding the website, which is, the pictures and the texts and everything. It's feeding that website to you from Western mass. Does that make sense to have it come from California? It's going to slow it down and it's just going to be annoying. [00:02:54] Or if you're in Europe or South Africa, right? So these are all distributed data centers and they're called a content delivery network. And there's a few of them out there. I use one that Amazon provides Fastly has their own content delivery network, so that all of this content, particularly the big content, like if you're watching a video on CNN, that's going to be delivered. [00:03:19] Through Fastly is content delivery network somewhere close to you. That's the whole idea behind it. And apparently what happened this morning is just tons of major sites like Reddit, Spotify, Twitch, the UK government, Hulu HBO for a PayPal Vineo goes on and on CNN, New York times, BBC Bloomberg financial times all went offline. [00:03:43] And that was due to a problem with this content delivery network at Astley. And it looks like right now, according to everything I've seen out of Fastly this morning and researching it, that they had a bug and it wasn't a hack that they weren't hit with ransomware, but they had a bug in their content delivery network. [00:04:05] They were able to get it up and running in about an hour. It wasn't a big, long outage, and these are the types of things that happen with these very complex networks nowadays. It's amazing. It doesn't happen more often. [00:04:18] Jim Polito: [00:04:18] I'm glad to hear that from you that it's amazing to hear it doesn't happen more often. [00:04:22] I'm glad to hear that. Now let's get to something that is happening more often. More and more attacks out of Russia. And which Putin [00:04:31] Craig Peterson: [00:04:31] says, I don't know what they're all about. I have no [00:04:35] Jim Polito: [00:04:35] idea ask  squirrel, is protect, pretending he doesn't know anything about it. And but in fact he does is, and Putin and bind are gonna meet in the next few days is, the whole G seven summit is going on. [00:04:50] Is this Putin testing Biden? Like how much can I get away with. This guy pops my dog, does he will test the limits? Like how much can I get away with until they say, Hey, No sit or whatever. [00:05:06] Craig Peterson: [00:05:06] Yeah, this is this is a problem. W every time a president's coming to offer Obama was this way. [00:05:14]It happened to a lesser degree with Bush and others, and it did not happen at all with Trump. The Russians, the Chinese and others have tested the president of North Korea. If you look at China right now, flying over Taiwan. And in their air space, threatening our country by taking over Taiwan. [00:05:36] And we've talked about it before. That's where our major production of chips is when you're talking about this whole cyber security thing. And again, it smells like Russia. And the main reason that smells like Russia is this ransomware has killed switches in it. Let's say, if you have a Russian or one of a dozen other keyboards, then we will immediately stop and it doesn't install the software. [00:06:06] So there's two, two reasons. And I'm sending out an email about that with a little video training on how to put a virtual fresher keyboard on your computer to everyone that's on my email list. So if you're on my list, You're going to find out how to do it. It's very easy. And it's going to stop almost all of this Russian malware, but here's the big question. [00:06:28] Is it in fact, a the reason for this, because it's gluten and he doesn't want to mess around with all of these former Soviet states or is it bad guys saying I don't want to go to a Russian Gulag. We don't really know, but what we do know is what's your word just leading towards, which is we've had taxed against all of our major infrastructure. [00:06:54] Yeah, every piece of it. And we're seeing releases from the FBI that none of the infrastructure is safe. We've in fact had some statements about that. Look at the statement on CNN did last Sunday, two days ago, where one of the secretaries of the byte administration I forget her name now said that we are not safe. [00:07:16] Our infrastructure is not safe. And we've got rep Michael McCall from Texas saying that the cyber incursions absolutely are Poutine's way of testing, president Biden. How are we going to respond? Yeah. And it's a big, it's a big question, Jim, because if there's a missile that launches from Russian territory, we know where it launched from. [00:07:40] We can send something in and blow up that missile silo or whatever it might be. If there is a hack. And if it's a somewhat indiscriminant hack, which many of these are, but maybe even more directed hack, all we know is the tools they were using. Look like they were Russian. What is China? It's trying to convince us that it's Russia and is using these tricks and Russian tools. [00:08:08] Yes. You're getting it from [00:08:09] Jim Polito: [00:08:09] China, James Bond on me right now. Like specter would always like in, from Russia with love, make the free world think it was the right, the Soviets and make the Soviet thing. It's the free world. When, in fact, right in the middle. It's specter. Yeah. [00:08:25] It's it's right out of it's right out of the James Bond novels. [00:08:29]Craig Peterson: [00:08:29] Then how about Carver? Where he, tomorrow never dies. He's launching his own metals, trying to get both sides to fight. And we were warned decades ago about the military industrial complex. Yeah, exactly. That this is going to be a problem. [00:08:48] So let's throw that into the mix. Who's to say some nefarious guy, like the car for character from James Bond, isn't manipulated. We just don't know we can see fingerprints, but as we know for mission impossible, those can be faked [00:09:07] Jim Polito: [00:09:07] as well. Yeah. We're talking with correct. Greg Peterson, our tech talk guru and all around great guy. [00:09:12] And it is interesting. I know last week it was fascinating when you told us one of the ways to protect yourself from Russian hacking is to have this virtual rushing keyboard. And most of their hacking will ignore you because, okay. We don't want to go after one of our own, but you're saying, yeah, how do we know? [00:09:30] That's not the Chinese making it look like it's the Russians, you can't trust anybody. In this and my fear is, and we step out of tech now and we go into politics. My fear is that Biden is not considered a someone who's going to be tough on Right nations for doing this, that he's going to be weak and they just want to know to what extent can we get away with it? [00:09:55] And if they get away with it with this, then that's going to embolden them, say the Chinese oh, we're going to take time one. We're going to take Taiwan. What's she going to do? During the Obama Biden administration Putin took the Crimea. Boom just grabbed right now. This is ours, not yours. And we let it happen. [00:10:14]Craig Peterson: [00:10:14] They did respond, Jim president Obama said that he told them to [00:10:18] Jim Polito: [00:10:18] stop it. That was over the hacking of the election. Like I told them to stop it now. That's great. [00:10:26] Craig Peterson: [00:10:26] That's great. [00:10:28] Jim Polito: [00:10:28] Yeah. Yeah. We do know there's a response. Yeah, exactly. So [00:10:33] Craig Peterson: [00:10:33] there's only one thing we can do here, Jim. And that is we have to protect ourselves. [00:10:38]You were talking to earlier today. About the training that you're doing there. And other companies are doing that is ultimately important. However, the problem is it's never a hundred percent, nothing's ever 100% and there are. I hate to say this, the industry I'm in is I'm trying to protect businesses, right? [00:11:00] And government agencies, counties, cities, everything from hackers. And the thing I hate to say is. It is full of charlatans. It's full of them. All of these people's shell [00:11:14] Jim Polito: [00:11:14] oil. We can [00:11:15] Craig Peterson: [00:11:15] help ya. Yeah. Yeah. We can help you get in. We got there. [00:11:19] Jim Polito: [00:11:19] I got Charlie working on you, Ray, on your server over there. He's got it all hooked up. [00:11:24] You're going to be fine. Nobody's going to be able to get in tight as a group. [00:11:28] Craig Peterson: [00:11:28] Yeah. And includes the big names, you've got McAfee out there. John McAfee saying McAfee. Antivirus is useless. Yeah, he's on video saying that. Okay. Yeah. The Norton software, same problem. One of their senior executives admitted that their software's useless. [00:11:46]You've got to have a full stack. None of this is good enough to protect you. I hate to say this, but Microsoft. And they're lying to you that you have been lied to and that's why you got hacked. Yeah. So Microsoft has some great tools. Now they're finally pulling up their socks. You can use Microsoft windows defender, make sure you have it. [00:12:09] Make sure your software is up to date. This sounds like a broken record, shorty. Yeah, the majority of computers are not up to date and get a good next generation firewall. Cisco has the best at the high end, these firepower firewalls with the FMCs and stuff. No doubt. But the fact that major companies like colonial don't have these things in place blows my mind. [00:12:37] But again, it goes right back to you don't know what you don't know. Yeah, you [00:12:42] Jim Polito: [00:12:42] don't, you don't well, so how can folks get in touch with you? How do they do it? Okay. [00:12:50] Craig Peterson: [00:12:50] It out this thing on how to do the Russian keyboard, I've got it recorded. I got to edit it, but how to put it onto your computer, the right ways to do that. [00:12:58] And that's going to be in the newsletter and you can get that and stay in Todd fight, just going to Craig peterson.com/subscribe. That's Craig Peterson with an o.com/subscribe. And you'll get my weekly newsletter. I have these little three minute trainings that I'm putting together and you'll get all of it and that's all free. [00:13:20]If you want to hire me, that's fine. But this is all free because we've got to stop these bad guys. All right, [00:13:27] Jim Polito: [00:13:27] Craig, thank you as usual, always a pleasure. And we'll talk to you next week. [00:13:32] Craig Peterson: [00:13:32] Thanks again, Jim. [00:13:32] Jim Polito: [00:13:32] Thank you. Bye-bye.  

Philip Chua, Co-Founder and CEO of TOFFS Technologies talks about Secured Content Delivery Network (CDN) services, making the Internet secure for organisations, with speed and security. Philip Chua talks about TOFFS Technologies developing solutions that help improve customers' web and mobile application performance, as well as improve their security posture on the Internet.

Hola soy Jorge Gómez de Bioxnet y si tu sitio web no carga en menos de cinco segundos, estás fuera. Hoy en día la velocidad de carga del sitio web es uno de los factores más importantes para el éxito de tu sitio. Por un lado los usuarios tenemos menos paciencia y tu sitio web tiene que cargar en 1,2,3 segundos. Por otro lado Google está dando mucho énfasis y mucha importancia a que tu sitio web cargue rápido para poderte poner en los primeros lugares de los resultados de Google. Y tiene sentido, si Google que tu sitio es muy lento no lo va a poner en los primeros lugares porque va a saber que el usuario final, el navegante, va a tener una mala experiencia cuando llegue a tu sitio y tenga que esperar para que el sitio cargue. Entonces, si quieres salir en primer lugar en Google y quieres que tu usuario tenga una buena experiencia, tienes que reducir el tiempo de carga de tu sitio web. hay varias herramientas para medir la velocidad de carga de tu sitio está Google Page Insights, está GTmetrix y Pingdom Tools. Te voy a dejar las ligas aquí abajo para que entres y veas la velocidad de carga de tu sitio. https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/insights/?hl=es https://gtmetrix.com/ https://tools.pingdom.com/ Ahora que revisaste la velocidad de carga de tu sitio y te das cuenta que tienes que reducir ese tiempo, te voy a dejar 5 acciones que puedes hacer en tu sitio web para que sea mas rápido. Número uno: Reduce el tamaño de las imágenes de tu página web. Mucha gente toma su teléfono una cámara digital fotos grandes de 10 megapixeles y la sube tal cual a la página web esto es un error muy grande porque la imagen es muy pesada y se tarda mucho en descargar. Esto todo va a ser que tu sitio web está muy lento que tienes que hacer toma todas tus imágenes y optimízalas en Photoshop algún programa de edición de video o de fotografía todos. Número uno: Reduce el tamaño de las imágenes en tu sitio web. Mucha gente toma su teléfono, una cámara digital y toma fotos en alta resolución, 5 o 10 megapixeles y así tal cual la sube al sitio web. Esto es un error muy grande porque ese peso de las imágenes hace que tu sitio web se tarde mucho. Lo primero que tienes que hacer es utilizar Photoshop o programa de edición de imágenes y reducir todas tus fotos a un tamaño ideal web. Si utilizas WordPress hay varias herramientas o plugins que van a optimizar de las imágenes que ya están en línea, y reducir sus tamaños para optimizar en tu sitio. Esto te va a dar mucha velocidad en tu página web y si tu utilizas video es el mismo caso. Te recomiendo que los videos los subas a una plataforma como Vimeo o Youtube y desde ahi generes ese video, lo mandes llamar o embeber dentro de tu sitio. Esto va a reducir tiempos de carga y también va a reducir el ancho de banda que consumes en tu página web. Número dos: Hay dos errores fundamentales que hacen que tu sitio web sea lento. El primero es cuando utilizas plantillas compradas y hay unas muy buenas pero hay unas muy pesadas. Esto agrega el tiempo de carga en tu sitio web. Revisa eso y número dos: la cantidad de plugins que tienes instaladoD. de repente vemos sitios web que tienen 20, 30 plugins y el tiempo de carga se te puede ir a 10, 15 segundos. Tienes que reducir el uso de plugins. Yo te recomiendo que utilices 5,6 nada más y acércate con un diseñador web profesional, acércate con nosotros, para optimizar tu sitio y utilizar la menos cantidad de plugins posibles. Esto te va a ayudar muchísimo. Número tres: Emplea un CDN. Un CDN es lo que se llama "Content Delivery Network" y es una red de distribución de contenido. Es un servicio pagado donde tu sitio web se aloja en una Red de Internet geográfica donde el usuario que accesa de Estados Unidos, México va a acceder a ciertos servidores geográficos cercanos y por ejemplo, si una persona entra desde Europa, va a entrar a alguna copia de tu sitio en esa regió

In dieser Folge spricht Dennis über die globale Infrastruktur von AWS, über Regionen, Availability Zones (AZs) und Edge Locations. Der offizielle deutschsprachige Podcast rund um Amazon Web Services (AWS), für Neugierige, Cloud-Einsteiger und AWS-Experten, produziert von Dennis Traub, Developer Advocate bei AWS. Bei Fragen, Anregungen und Feedback wendet euch gerne direkt an Dennis auf Twitter (@dtraub) oder per Mail an traubd@amazon.com. Links zum Thema: - AWS Global Infrastructure: https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure - Amazon CloudFront: https://aws.amazon.com/cloudfront - Key Features of a Content Delivery Network: https://aws.amazon.com/cloudfront/features/#edge-locations Für mehr Infos, Tipps und Tricks rund um AWS und die Cloud folgt Dennis auf: - Twitter - https://twitter.com/dtraub  - Twitch - https://www.twitch.tv/dennis_at_work  - YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/dennistraub

Today, with massive numbers of connected devices and as industries transform to deliver truly innovative services and experiences all connected to the web – from voice assistant devices and video streaming platforms to connected and autonomous cars – the delivery and protection of data over the internet to offer a seamless experience is more critical than ever. In light of this, I invited Michael Gooding from Akamai Technologies on the podcast. Akamai is the world's largest cloud delivery platform. It is crucial for many companies, from gaming and mobile networks to tech firms and manufacturers, as a result of its Edge platform and Content Delivery Network, which ensures customers and businesses are agile, fast, and secure. With its vast network, Akamai has unique security and web performance offering. Its experts can view and defend businesses from the growing attacks against armies of bots around the globe. Michael Gooding joins me in a conversation about the importance of edge computing (Scalability & performance). We also talk about the history of edge computing, bandwidth restrictions at the core of the internet, and the exponential growth of devices.  

Google has mentioned Page Speed as one of the important components for their Search Algorithm in 2021 as part of the overall Core Web Vitals. However, sometimes we have a lot of content, images, plugins e.t.c. on our sites and don't know how to improve our page speed.One second delay can be an issue for your site ranking however minimal it might seem. In this episode I explain 3 ways on how you can easily boost your site speed and effectively improve your rankings.Connect with me !Agency Savadigital.ioClubhouse @augustinekiamaJoin TMP exclusive on www.tmp.supercast.techSubscribe to the TMP newsletter and learn more about Marketing on www.themarketingpodcast.liveYou can find me on social media @kiamaugustineRate, Review & Subscribe to support the Podcast.Thank you for tuning in !Buzzsprout - Let's get your podcast launched! Start for FREEDisclaimer: This post contains affiliate links. If you make a purchase, I may receive a commission at no extra cost to you.

In deze aflevering bespreken we samen met Matthijs Plat van Tinify, wat CDN kan betekenen voor jouw webshop. CDN staat voor Content Delivery Network en dit heeft als doel om websites sneller te laten laden. Een CDN werkt middels een aantal servers die over de wereld staan verspreid en jouw content zo sneller kunnen aanbieden. Weten wanneer CDN interessant kan zijn voor jouw webshop? Luister dan snel de podcast!

🎓 Aprende qué es SiaCoin, cómo funciona su Skynet y cómo crear un nodo de SiaCoin. SiaCoin (SC) es una interesante propuesta que usa el poder y potencial de la tecnología Blockchain para crear un sistema de almacenamiento en la nube incensurable y seguro. La tecnología Blockchain permite crear ecosistemas únicos y una de ellas es elevada al máximo con Siacoin (SC). Seguramente te preguntarás; ¿Qué es Siacoin?. Pues bien, imagina un sistema que te permite ganar dinero por esos gigabytes de tu disco duro que no usas. O poder guardar tus datos de forma totalmente segura en la nube a muy bajo coste. Pues bien, esto es lo que precisamente hace posible la plataforma Sia, junto a toda su tecnología blockchain y de almacenaje de datos. En el ecosistema Sia, se crea un mercado descentralizado de oferta y demanda en el que se ofrece espacio de almacenamiento. Todo ello sin registro de usuarios, servidores centrales, ni se requiere de la participación de terceros de confianza. Además los datos almacenados en Sia no pueden ser censurados. Gracias a la tecnología blockchain, los datos son cifrados y distribuidos a través de una red descentralizada entre pares (P2P). Con todo esto, Sia ofrece una alternativa de almacenamiento de datos más sólida, efectiva, confiable, incensurable y más barata que las alternativas tradicionales. Skynet es un nuevo servicio creado por Sia para facilitar el acceso y uso de su sistema de almacenamiento distribuido blockchain. El objetivo de este nuevo proyecto de Sia es permitir la creación de una red de distribución de contenido (Content Delivery Network o CDN), fácil de usar y accesible para desarrolladores de aplicaciones y usuarios en todo el mundo. El proyecto fue puesto en marcha en febrero de 2020, y desde entonces, ha permitido que sus funciones sean accesibles al público desde su web oficial. Skynet es una red de distribución de contenido (Content Delivery Network o CDN), que usa la red Sia y su blockchain para servir contenido a usuarios de forma pública. El proyecto Skynet, fue anunciado al público en febrero de 2020, y desde entonces, ha permitido que sus funciones sean accesibles al público desde su web oficial. ¿Pero que es lo revolucionario en Skynet? Pues bien, su verdadera revolución está en que es un servicio blockchain de almacenamiento de datos que podemos usar sin necesidad de descargar una wallet Sia o cualquier otro software especializado para hacer funcionar al mismo. En este video tutorial presentado por José Maldonado, te enseña a cómo crear un nodo podado de bitcoin una manera fácil. ¡No te lo pierdas! 👉 Si quieres profundizar la información puedes leer nuestros artículos de Siacoin y Skynet en Academy: ▶https://academy.bit2me.com/que-es-sia...​ ▶https://academy.bit2me.com/que-es-sky...​ ▶https://bit2me.com/es/comprar-siacoin​ 🚀 Suscríbete a nuestro Canal: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBiA...​ #SIA​ #SiaCoin​ #Skynet​ #Blockchain​ #Bitcoin​ #Criptomonedas​ 🎁 *¡Has descubierto un regalo!* Si estás aquí, aprendiendo, te mereces nuestro regalo especial: Regístrate en Bit2Me con este enlace y en tu primera compra de 100€ o más te regalaremos 5€: https://bit2me.com/?r=75N-GP4-G0S​ *¡La revolución la creamos entre todos!* 📲¡Descárgate la APP! https://bit2me.com/download​ Compra y vende Bitcoin , Ethereum , Litecoin , Dash, Bitcoin Cash , Ripple y otras criptomonedas . Soporte telefónico en Español . Con tarjeta VISA / Mastercard , transferencia y dinero en efectivo . El mejor monedero ( wallet ) crypto. Nuestra web: https://bit2me.com​ 👉 Síguenos en las redes sociales: ⭕️ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/bit2me​ ⭕️ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/bit2me​ ⭕️ Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/9243641​ ⭕️ Twitter: https://twitter.com/bit2me​ ⭕️ Telegram: https://t.me/Bit2Me_ES​ ⭕️ Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/1Tj4kyX...​ ⭕️ iVoox: https://www.ivoox.com/podcast-bit2me-...​ y por supuesto, dale a la campanita para activar las notificaciones 👈 ✍🏻 ¡Apunta! Conoce todos nuestros servicios: ⭕️ Wallet: https://bit2me.com/wallet​ ⭕️Tikebit (compra criptomonedas en tiendas físicas): https://www.tikebit.com/inicio&lang=es​ ⭕️ Academy: https://academy.bit2me.com​ ⭕️ Crypto TV: https://tv.bit2me.com​ ⭕️ Crypto Converter: https://converter.bit2me.com​ ⭕️ Agenda de crypto eventos: https://agenda.bit2me.com​ ...y muchos más en nuestra web! 📲¡Descárgate la APP! https://bit2me.com/download​

Ronan Walsh has been working in Digital Marketing, specifically SEO for close to 10 years and is a lecturer in Web Design and Digital Marketing in Ireland. He's the owner and founder of Digital Trawler a SaaS Marketing Agency based in Ireland. Digital Trawler helps companies with their marketing strategy and messaging and having experts in SEO, paid adverts, social media and conversion rate optimization.   Questions   Could you share with us a little bit about your journey? How did you get to where you are today? You are big into digital marketing and search engine optimization, affectionately known as SEO. Can you share with us how you think SEO has changed over the past 10 years and as a business, especially in light of COVID and the pandemic globally, what do companies need to do to get to the top of their industry or their area where their SEO is concerned? What are some of the things they need to look for when they're hiring a Digital Marketing Consultant? Because you have a lot of people out there who market themselves in this capacity, but do they have that requisite knowledge and experience and exposure like what you just explained here to us to ensure that you're picking the right person. Could you share with us what's the one online resource, tool, website or app that you absolutely cannot live without in your business? Could you share with us maybe one or two books that have had the biggest impact on you? It could be a book that you read recently or about that you it many years ago, but it still has a great impact on you. Could you share with us what's the one thing that's going on in your life right now that you're really excited about - either something that you're working on to develop yourself or your people? Where can listeners find you online? Do you have a quote or a saying that during times of adversity or challenge, you'll tend to revert to this quote, it kind of help to keep you focused and get you back on track, if for any reason you get derailed or you're de-motivated, do you have one of those?   Highlights   Ronan’s Journey   When asked about his journey, Ronan shared that he actually think it's kind of similar to Yanique’s journey where he started off, kind of in tourism, he didn't really know what he wanted to do. So, he did a lot of kind of backpacking and he was a Surf and Kayak Instructor and he was primarily focused on the kind of tourism and travel industry. And that was kind of, he supposes, where his passion was, but he realized that it wasn't a long-term plan, like there's nobody on the beach who's a surf instructor who's 40 plus. They might be wealthy in terms of spirit and how they're feeling, but there's nobody, he supposes with a family of three kids or something like that, or that they have a house and kind of security and a pension and things like that.   So that was kind of eating away and in the back of his head, maybe in his young twenties and he was wondering how exactly he could try and kind of progress in his career. So, he finally was backpacking, he met a few people in the industry, in the kind of linen and clothing industry in India. And he started importing clothes into Ireland and he set up three stalls or kind of shops around the country. And he was running those in his early twenties, which was a fantastic experience.   What he wanted to do was try and push those as far as he could. And that's really where Digital Marketing came into play because he realized that he was getting up at three or four in the morning to drive stock across countries and keep shops up to date. And he was trying to manage staff and make sure that there was a little bit of profit left for him at the end of the day.   And he built a website to try and expand that and to not rely on the brick and mortar kind of model as much, it came to realize soon after that, that it wasn't actually going really be sustainable, but during the time building the website, he learned how to code, he learned how to do SEO, he learned how to do Google ads. And there was a local agency that took him in underneath their wings, and then showed him a lot of what he could do. And then that's when he realized he had a real talent for Digital Marketing and that there was a real sense of passion to trying to help other people achieve their dreams, whether it's getting their website ranking or helping them with a Google ad strategy.   And then there's also helping the customer at the end of the journey. So for example, one of his first clients was a bridal boutique. And then if you're able to match the person to the right dress, the customer at the end also wins, so not only does the business win, but the customer is getting exactly what they want. So there was loads of reasons for him to kind of get into Digital Marketing. And eventually that company that took him underneath their wing was bought out and they started passing leads onto him and he kind of fell into a freelance role. And from there then it's just grown into what Digital Trawler is today. There's five other people working in there, working on web design, Google ads, search engine optimization, social media, they have a project manager and then there's himself as well. So, it's a nice little business that is kind of running and their aim is to really kind of help others fulfill their dreams with business development.   How Has SEO Changed Over the Past 10 Years   Ronan stated that that's a really good question because it's changed a lot over the past 10 years. So, originally when he would have started off his digital marketing journey and doing SEO for other companies, it would have been a lot of what's known as on-page optimization, which is, for anybody who has a WordPress website, that's kind of Yoast, filling in titles, descriptions, keyword placement in your paragraphs and in your text, on your blogs and on your pages and making sure that all of that is correct, but that's only a very small part of it today, whether it's completely blown into what he would describe as marketing, like SEO is kind of a term he'll use now to describe marketing in general, because you have to have a content plan, which means your branding has to be on point.   You have to really understand your customers, issues that they're having in order to find the content that you need to write about. You need to have a PR strategy that gets you exposure out there and links back to your website. Your website needs to be in tip-top order, there can't be any security, or technical issues with it.   And then, like he was saying, there is obviously the element of on page where you need your titles and descriptions and things working for you as well. It needs to be visually appealing. And of course, there's a little bit of Social Media involved in it as well. That kind of falls underneath the PR element as well, that you're kind of getting your own brand out there a bit more, and you're developing your business in the traditional sense, but Google picks up on that a lot more these days than they would have back in the day.   And that's really what kind of SEO is today in his eyes. That all-encompassing view as to “How can we really drive our business online, where are our audience, what forums are they on? Can I get my business there? Can I get a link back to my website? Can I get my local press or my national press or my industry press to write an article about me and push my brand out there that little bit more again, so that people know me?”   And Google's constantly picking up on all of these and they're looking for how frequently you're doing it. They're looking for what sort of authority do the other websites have, and they're tying this all together and they're giving your website a score, and then that score is how you're competing for that number one position on Google.   Me: And the competition on Google is global as in, when you're ranked on Google, is your company being ranked across the globe or is the company being ranked as the best in your country?   Ronan stated that that's a really good question. So, search engine optimization, so there's a tool called search console. And in search console, you can choose whether you're global or whether you're country specific. So, when you are global, you're competing across the world.   So you're telling Google you're more open to having people come to your site from anywhere in the world but you're competing across the world so it becomes a little bit more difficult and there's a number of elements that you have to bear in mind, such as like where your website's hosted.   So for example, he’s in Ireland at the minute but he has a niece in Australia and they were searching for a birthday present for her and they were on all of these toy shops and the toy shop image on the product page loaded so slow that they had to leave the site, they were waiting maybe 10 minutes.   But that's an issue and it's kind of slowly being eradicated, but it's an issue to do with that in Australia, that website probably loads perfectly, in Ireland it's to come the whole way across the other side of the world so it can actually take quite a while for that image to be processed.   And so, you would kind of combat that by using something called a CDN, not to go too complicated on it, but basically it’s a Content Delivery Network. So, basically your website isn't just hosted in Australia, it's hosted on multiple servers throughout the world. So, it's things like that become more complicated as you expand your targeting area, where if you say, “Look Google, I just want to target Ireland.”   Google would give you a preference, so you'll kind of be given a higher priority to rank there. And of course then there’s your country-specific domain names as well. Like in Ireland, they have .ie in the UK there is .co.uk   And if you buy a domain name with that, or you're using that domain name, well then your specifically tied to that country. So, there are a number of factors to take into consideration. And then on top of that, then you have languages, so languages, or even another more complicated element where you have to have specific bits of code on each page to tell Google what language unlocked browser should be prioritized for this particular page. And if there's alternative versions of it, what are those alternative versions and do they all link correctly together.   So there's quite a few moving parts. So to answer the question, it's entirely up to the person who is developing the site, or who's running the business. Personally, he targets across the world and that's what he’s focused on. That's why he’s here on a podcast with Yanique and trying to push the Digital Trawler brand, he’s trying to push the Ronan Walsh brand a little bit more across the sea and trying to attract people and get people interested in his brand.   And then this, even what he’s doing now is considered SEO, if you were to leave a link or even on the page where you're writing the podcast, that's giving Google a sign that, “Okay, Ronan's out there, he's doing podcasts and he's talking about Digital Trawler and I can see that comes from Yanique's website, which is very iterative in the podcast area. So just that ranking maybe Ronan for more podcast keywords.” and then that's kind of the way Google works.   So it's really about getting out there and getting your name out there as much as you can and being as creative as possible. Because when he first came to SEO, it was a little bit boring in the sense that you'd go in, you would optimize a keyword, your page would rank a little bit more and you'd be focused on ranking.   Now it's about creativity that you're going out and you're wondering, “How can I get more links back to my site? How can I get people to pick up on this content so I'm beating the competition and I'm getting higher score than them?” And that he supposes really helping them kind of develop really good campaigns and things like that, because it's creativity really is getting back to marketing basics, which is fantastic.   Hiring the Right Digital Marketing Consultant with the Requisite Knowledge, Experience and Exposure   Me: So a lot of our listeners are small to medium size business owners and they've listened to a lot of what you've said about how SEO has changed over the last few years and especially as you went into the details a while ago, positioning yourself either country-specific or global in terms of being seen across different platforms. But let's say for example, they don't have the experience in-house in their businesses to do this on their own and they're going to hire a digital marketing consultant. What are some of the things they need to look for when they're hiring somebody? Because you have a lot of people out there who market themselves in this capacity, but do they have that requisite knowledge and experience and exposure like what you just explained here to us to ensure that you're picking the right person.   Ronan stated that it's a minefield out there, you are 100% right. There are hundreds of consultants and the biggest thing for him, and he thinks this doesn't just go for SEO or digital marketing, but it's communication. They see it the whole time they're working with web developers, they're working with other digital marketing agencies and PR agencies and things like that and you can see projects kind of snowball and next thing the client's saying, “Well, you didn't deliver this.” And the client saying, “Yeah, but I asked for this.” And it becomes a back and forth and those engagements can get really sour. So for him, it comes down to making sure that the owner understands what they're signing up for.   So expectations from the outright and you're agreeing on, this is the end goal. This is how many users I want signed up, this is how many email addresses I have to or leads I have to generate from this or this is how much revenue or return on advertising spend that I need to get back. So there are very clear goals for an agency to go, “Okay, I can do that for you.” And it becomes very clear then as well that if you have that set out at the start, it becomes a lot easier to have a conversation if your agency isn't hitting their targets, if you have not defined at the start, you can go back to them and say, “Look, this is what we set out to achieve. We're not doing it. We need to wrap this up or you need to change what you're doing.” So that is kind of one area to look out.   The other thing that he sees is a lot of SMEs, maybe if there's 5 or 6 employees, they might look at maybe taking on a marketing staff. He often finds that those marketing staff aren't able to deliver on what the owner wants. They're quite good at agreeing to saying, “Yes, I'll be able to deliver that at the start.” And they don't really know what they are able to deliver and you can't expect one person to be able to do SEO, Google ads, social media, like update your website and expect them to be able to do all of that and do it to the level that Coca-Cola or Nike or any of those sites are doing.   And he thinks that that's kind of the expectation that a lot of SMEs have. So you need to support that person in their role or else, maybe perhaps get an agency in to define what their role is going to be, and maybe give them some freelancers to support them in that role as well.   So you might have an agency come in, design the strategy, set up the processes, train your marketing admin person in what they should be doing and looking out for, and then have some freelancers behind that person to support them in the SEO role or the Google Ads or social media or something like that.   Like, you know it yourself, you're running a podcast like editing this takes time, then there's the promotion on social media and just straightaway there, you're onto podcast editing, you're on social media, scheduling and admin in terms of replying and things like that. And you've got graphic designs, there's three different skills there that are needed in order to produce a podcast.   And then you stick it up onto your website as well. So now you need kind of the technical knowledge there. So like really you should have four people there that you were able to go, okay, podcast is done. It gets sent to John, who's going to edit it. There's another person there who's going to schedule all the social media posts.   There's Emma who's going to put together the images using Canva. And then there's Joseph who's going to upload it to WordPress and you need that team behind you in order to actually really deliver. And there's a whole load of freelancers out there who are looking for that work and they're quite happy to take on that work as long as it's kind of consistent. He thinks that's kind of the trick to keeping those freelancers happy.   They want freedom that they're able to maybe spend time with their kids or collect them and drop them to school. And they still want a life outside of us, but they're quite happy to kind of go on maybe an hourly contract per month or something like that that will allow you to produce quality content that will get your name out there. And you can come to an agreement, fair enough. Their price per hour might be a little bit more than what it would cost an employee, but it's going take them half the time and it's going to be twice as good.   App, Website or Tool that Ronan Absolutely Can’t Live Without in His Business   When asked about an online resource that he cannot live without in his business, Ronan stated that there's so many. He mentioned they're entirely remote. They rely on a lot of apps for our communication in particularly. There’s many there that might be irrelevant like Gmail is priceless to us and just being able to communicate by email and Slack is another one. But he thinks one in particular actually is Teamwork. So, it’s actually an Irish based company, www.teamwork.com and it's a project management software. And once a week, they go through all of that, they upload all of the tasks, they make sure that himself and the project manager sit down and they go, this needs to be done for such and such a client and so on. And they make a big list out and then they upload that to Teamwork and everybody by Friday evening will know all of their jobs that they have to do the following week so that they're able to plan. And every Monday morning, then they have a team meeting with everybody.   They run through all of the tasks and then they communicate over Slack in the week to make sure everything's running okay. Without Teamwork, they'd be lost because they're able to share files for certain clients and it's really been a great lifesaver. So if there's any agencies, whether they're digital or whether they're accountants or whatever it is, he'd recommend looking into that. It's kind of similar to like Asana or Trello or something like that, but Teamwork just kind of seems to have a little bit more functionality than all of those, a little bit of a learning curve at the start, but definitely worth it.   Books That Have Had the Greatest Impact on Ronan   When asked about books that have had the biggest impact, Ronan shared that the two books that he read recently, one is Clockwork: Design Your Business to Run Itself by Mike Michalowicz. And then there's Profit First: Transform Your Business from a Cash-Eating Monster to a Money-Making Machine by him as well.   In fact, actually he read Clockwork and he liked the book so much that he went out and bought all of his books that he'd ever written. So yeah, it's pretty good. So, he has another book by him, The Pumpkin Plan: A Simple Strategy to Grow a Remarkable Business in Any Field by Mike Michalowicz and Fix This Next: Make the Vital Change That Will Level Up Your Business that are next to read on his list. But Clockwork is basically talking about how your business should be able to kind of run basically by itself. So it's kind of similar to like The Four Hour Work Week, which he’s sure Yanique is familiar with, but, it's maybe a little bit more practical than that.   So it's talking about being able to give yourself a month off and the idea isn't that you need a month and you deserve a month off and all of that.   It's more that if your business can last a month without you, like within a month, you're going to have your invoicing, you're going to have new sales come on and you're going to basically like every cycle runs at least once in a month.   And basically, it kind of takes you out of your comfort zone to let go of loads of tasks as owners of businesses. So like particularly SMEs where we're terrible for jumping in and trying to fix issues that our employees and maybe there was a communication issue or maybe they didn't do it exactly how you like. If you can leave those things, you need to be able to move on and look for new clients and set up processes and then move on again and focus on growing the business, that’s what Clockwork is about.   And then Profit First is all about kind of cashflow management. So, there's a law of which is Parkinson's law, that if there's kind of a void to fill, you will fill it. So basically, if you're given a task and used to do it within a week, you'll get it done within that week. But if you're given a month, it'll take you the month as well.   And it's the same with Profit First, which is when your bank account is full of money, you're very likely to spend it on kind of new ways without a huge amount of strategy going behind it. He talks about setting up these kinds of different bank accounts and that you're basically using kind of like an envelope system through your bank accounts to run your business. So you have a certain amount for expenses, you have a certain amount for profits, certain amount for tax, certain amount for paying yourself. And they've only just set that up and it's going to be exciting to see how well it works, but it's going to force him to maybe cut some expenses that he probably doesn't really need.    What Ronan is Really Excited About Now!   Ronan shared that something they're doing themselves actually at Digital Trawler that he’s quite excited about is they're going to start bringing out new courses pretty soon and they're going to be free. So like Yanique, they want to help business owners, so they're going to have, and he might be a bit overenthusiastic with this, but he thinks by the end of February, they should have a Google Analytics course out.   They noticed that a lot of marketing managers really struggled with analytics and trying to extract data and understand what's going on in it. So they're going to have a course coming out, it's going to be free. And similarity with SEO, Google ads, there's going to be free courses there for that as well. So get onto their mailing list and as soon as they're available, you’ll be getting the first invite to it.    Where Can We Find Ronan Online   Me: So that dovetails very nicely into my next question. So they listened to this podcast, they're really intrigued about what your company is doing, Digital Trawler, especially the whole concept of how SEO has changed. And of course, how to hire that right person to assist you in building and developing and getting that presence that you need across the globe, depending on the platform that you operate on. And then you drop this great nugget to say, you guys are going to be releasing free courses in relation to helping people understand the data better. Where can they find you online?   LinkedIn – Ronan Walsh Website – www.digitaltrawler.com   You'll be able to find all the resources in there as well. They have a free Google, their free audit as well, just from an SEO perspective so they will give you feedback on your site at no charge. They have some plugins there as well that help you identify where your users are coming from. So, that's www.digitaltrawler.com and you'll be able to sign up for those courses there as well.   Quote or Saying that During Times of Adversity Ronan Uses   When asked about a quote or saying that he tends to revert to, Ronan shared that there's one that he finds himself going back to year after year, which is, “Actions make money.” And basically the more actions you take, the closer you are to getting to what you want to do and it's just really simple and it's really easy to action. So just break down your tasks and just get out there and get them done. And that would be for any entrepreneur, that's kind of it, of course, having a clear plan behind it really helps you identify which actions to take. But if you're taking the wrong action, you're better off learning about it sooner. So the sooner you take that action, the sooner you learn that that was the wrong one time and the sooner you're going to find the right one.   Please connect with us on Twitter @navigatingcx and also join our Private Facebook Community – Navigating the Customer Experience and listen to our FB Lives weekly with a new guest   Grab the Freebie on Our Website – TOP 10 Online Business Resources for Small Business Owners   Links Clockwork: Design Your Business to Run Itself by Mike Michalowicz Profit First: Transform Your Business from a Cash-Eating Monster to a Money-Making Machine by Mike Michalowicz The Pumpkin Plan: A Simple Strategy to Grow a Remarkable Business in Any Field by Mike Michalowicz Fix This Next: Make the Vital Change That Will Level Up Your Business by Mike Michalowicz   The ABC’s of a Fantastic Customer Experience   Do you want to pivot your online customer experience and build loyalty - get a copy of “The ABC’s of a Fantastic Customer Experience.”   The ABC's of a Fantastic Customer Experience provides 26 easy to follow steps and techniques that helps your business to achieve success and build brand loyalty. This Guide to Limitless, Happy and Loyal Customers will help you to strengthen your service delivery, enhance your knowledge and appreciation of the customer experience and provide tips and practical strategies that you can start implementing immediately! This book will develop your customer service skills and sharpen your attention to detail when serving others. Master your customer experience and develop those knock your socks off techniques that will lead to lifetime customers. Your customers will only want to work with your business and it will be your brand differentiator. It will lead to recruiters to seek you out by providing practical examples on how to deliver a winning customer service experience!

คุยกันเรื่อง CDN เอาขึ้นเว็บขึ้นทั้งที จะให้ดีต้องมี CDN

Teknoloji Girişimcisi , Medianova Kurucusu ve CEO'su Serkan Sevim ile CDN teknolojilerini ve CDN teknolojilerinin geleceğini konuştuk. Not: Podcast içerisinde alıntılanan blog sayfası https://www.medianova.com/en-blog/ Serkan Sevim , Teknoloji girişimcisi & CEO Medianova Samet Çulha, Network Manager(CCIE)

In this episode, we are all about FreeNas, the world's largest NAS system, running FreeBSD as its base. The founder of FreeNas Olivier joins us, walking us throw how FreeNas started and how the system has grown since its start in 2005. The conversation takes us through the jungle of FreeNas and we end up landing in Netflix's land of FreeBSD adoption and Olivier's latest project the BSD router project. Sit back, relax, and enjoy this episode of Security Headlines. We are back with another episode in the BSD theme episode! In this podcast episode, we are talking about FreeNAS, the worlds biggest Network-attached storage(NAS) operating system. And we of course have the founder of FreeNAS with us, Olivier Cochard-Labbé! Olivier started FreeNAS in 2005, with not a lot of knowledge on how to do it but with a determintation of creating a multimedia system that he could use. He wanted something small so he tried to compile [busybox](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BusyBox) but failed, he kept on trying and ran into FreeBSD! He named the system FreeNAS and the first month he was able to get a bit over a thousand downloads, which is very impressive for a new project. The project grow and grow and it attracted a big community taking up to much of Olivier's time. This became harder and harder, Especially when you have a family and a full-time job and other hobbies to attend. Olivier was getting more and more to do as the project became bigger. One particular example of this that he brings up is a security bug that was very severe and of course filed on a Friday. The security hole was a critical one, FreeNAS allowed root console access from the web interface without requiring authentication. The company *iXsystems* offered to allocate some developers to work on FreeNAS and Olivier handed over the FreeNAS project to them with the requirement that it shall remain free and opensource! Olivier is currently working for Netflix, helping them stream movies to the world using the raw power from the FreeBSD operating system that runs Netflix's Content Delivery Network. Join us as we jump into the wonders of FreeNAS, the BSD router project, and a lot more! External links: https://bsdrp.net/ https://www.freebsd.org/ https://www.freenas.org/ https://www.netflix.com/ https://yandex.com/ https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en/articles/nanobsd/index.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M0n0wall https://www.freshports.org/net/bird/ https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/firewalls-ipf.html https://www.openmediavault.org/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZFS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WireGuard

Today's episode is the second and final part in the two-part series on Content Delivery Network. A CDN improves the website performance by providing sound uptime consistency, better data redundancy and blazing fast website speed. In today's episode, we will discuss the benefits of a CDN. We will also help you determine if your website needs a CDN or not. Check out Cloud Hosting packages with pre-integrated CDN from ResellerClub at https://india.resellerclub.com/cloud-hosting.

With the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns in many parts of the world, it is crucial that we follow the protocols of social distancing and stay safe indoors! And while you are at home, we at Design Develop and Deliver, will keep delivering informative podcasts on all things websites, hosting and more. In today's episode, we talk about the impact of CDN on your website. Check out affordable VPS Hosting plans with full root access from ResellerClub at https://www.resellerclub.com/vps-hosting

The MANRS initiative gains several new members, GitLab wants customers to help migrate premier features to its free tier, Eclipse Theia reaches 1.0, Lutris lands Humble Bundle game store integration, and Steam scales back automatic updates.

Joe Anderson of Metaphor Creations is back on the show this week, and this time we're talking about website speed. Specifically, we're talking about how to improve the speed of your Wordpress website.  This is part 1 of a two-part interview with Joe, and in this half, we're going to cover web hosting and using a Content Delivery Network (CDN) to make sure your web host and server is running as fast as possible.  Plus, Joe shares a discount for everyone on his Ditty Ticker plugin bundle for Wordpress! What You'll Learn Get 10% off the Ditty Ticker Bundle from Metaphor Creations using the code “intrycksditty” Website hosting makes a difference in your website speed, especially for WordPress websites Using a Content Delivery Network to speed up your website CDN stands for Content Delivery Network Visit the show page for all links and for more information; https://www.localseotactics.com/improving-website-speed-for-wordpress-part-1-interview-with-joe-anderson/

In this episode I’m talking to Ashish Bedekar who is the Chief Product Officer of Piconets a company which is working on revolutionising Content Delivery Network system by working on the acceleration of the last mile performance. You'll learn more on this in this episode. The post #16 – Ashish Bedekar (Chief Product Officer of picoNets and a Startup Mentor) – Predicting the future by the patterns of the past. appeared first on Lifestyle Architecture Lab.

Julia Evans explains all things HTTP, the need for intermediate level educational materials, the importance of fundamentals, writing to an audience, the zine format, and working on education professionally.

Heute dreht sich alles um das Thema: “Was ist eigentlich Microsoft Azure“ und was verbirgt sich hinter dem Slogan:“ Azure ist die Cloud für alle“ Viel Spaß beim Zuhören! Sie wollen selbst mal in einem Interview dabei sein? Oder eine Episode unterstützen? Dann schreiben Sie uns gerne eine E-Mail an: ingo.luecker@itleague.de   Microsoft Azure ist eine seit 2010 bestehende Cloud Computing-Plattform von Microsoft, die Cloud-Dienste wie IaaS, PaaS und SaaS und weitere Services weltweit bereitstellt. Dabei richtet sich das Angebot hauptsächlich an Unternehmen und Entwickler. Neben IaaS, PaaS und SaaS bietet Azure auch Datenbanken, Storagesysteme, virtuelle Maschinen, SQL-Datenbanken oder auch VPN-Gateways, wodurch Nutzer sehr flexibel die eigenen Wünsche und Anforderungen umsetzen können, ohne hohe Anschaffungskosten für eine eigene IT-Infrastruktur aufbringen zu müssen. Die Microsoft Azure Cloud lässt sich in verschiedene Bereiche unterteilen, zum einen der Compute-Bereich, in diesem Bereich steht Rechenleistung für Anwendungen, Rechenaufgaben und virtuelle Server zur Verfügung. Zum anderen gibt es neben dem Compute Bereich noch den Speicher Bereich, das Content Delivery Network, den AppFabric-Bereich und den Marketplace-Bereich. Die Vorteile der Microsoft Azure Cloud sind offensichtlich die flexible und automatische Bereitstellung von Services und Anwendungen während man die Ressourcen ganz bedarfsgerecht einsetzen kann. Durch die Nutzung hybrider Systeme gelingt die Einbindung in die bereits bestehende Umgebung einfach und schnell. Durch den Zugriff auf weltweit aufgestellte Rechenzentren ist man überdies gut abgesichert. Das bedeutet in Zahlen, dass die Rechenzentrumsstruktur von Microsoft Service Level Agreements ermöglicht, die Verfügbarkeiten von bis zu 99,9 Prozent garantieren. Diese sehr hohe Sicherheit gilt beispielsweise für den Bereich Compute und Storage.   Darüber hinaus ist ein weiterer Sicherheitsaspekt, die Möglichkeit Azure als Backuplösung zu nutzen, um Server oder Anwendungen die mit eigener Hardware betrieben werden, zu schützen. Mit Azure Site Recovery kann man im Notfall die Daten in Azure replizieren und Azure als eine Art Backup-Rechenzentrum und Wiederherstellungsort für Daten und Anwendungen nutzen. Wichtig für Sie als IT Profi zu wissen ist sicherlich, dass für deutsche Anwender die deutschen Rechenzentren in Magdeburg und Frankfurt sich anbieten, da diese den herrschenden Datenschutzrichtlinien entsprechen. Obwohl die beiden deutschen Rechenzentren Teil der globalen Microsoft-Cloud-Infrastruktur sind, ist dennoch sichergestellt, dass Kundendaten nicht in ein Datacenter außerhalb Deutschlands übertragen werden. Wenn dies nicht als Schutz genügt besteht aber natürlich dennoch die Möglichkeit Daten in der „private Cloud“ abzuspeichern. Ein weiterer Vorteil der Azure Cloud ist die Möglichkeit -obwohl es sich um ein Microsoft Produkt handelt- andere Systeme wie beispielsweise Linuxserver zu nutzen. Dies geschieht dann durch virtuelle Maschinen, die eine Installation von SUSE, Debian oder Ubuntu ermöglichen. Auch Anwendungen von Herstellern wie SAP, Oracle oder IBM werden unterstützt.   Nun stellt sich sicherlich noch die Frage, welche Kosten für die Nutzung von Microsoft Azure aufkommen. Dafür gibt es bei Microsoft einen extra online Preisrechner, der die einzelnen gewünschten Komponenten und Produkte in den gewählten Regionen zu einem geschätzten Endpreis auswertet.     So liebe IT Profis, das wars auch schon für heute vom IT Manager Podcast, ich hoffe es hat Ihnen gefallen – wenn ja freue ich mich sehr über ein Like auf Facebook und eine fünf Sterne Bewertung bei iTunes. Nächste Woche gibt es dann wie gewohnt freitags eine neue Folge des IT Manager Podcasts, dann zum Thema: Was ist eigentlich ein API?      

If concepts like object storage and CDNs give you a headache, let Michael and Aaron help you understand what it all means and why you might want to use them when developing your next website....

Learn how to protect and speed up your application with the help of a Content Delivery Network. You'll also hear about advancements in CDNs that allow you to handle application logic and dynamic content at the edge.

Mithilfe vom Content Delivery Network kann man seine eigenen Webdienste optimieren und Ladezeiten um den Faktor 10x beschleunigen. Wie das geht, lernst du in diesem Podcast. CDN: https://azure.microsoft.com/de-de/services/cdn/

We discuss some of our favorite technical SEO tips to help improve your site speed and overall user experience for Google's mobile first index. We cover: The importance of having an SSL What to look for with website hosting How having a Content Delivery Network (CDN) can help with site speed Why you should minify JavaScript and CSS The impact your site structure has on SEO What to look out for redesigning your website

Episode Notes ICO 41 provides 41 minutes of Initial Coin Offering analysis of one upcoming ICO, and one ICO established for at least three months. We do the research and analysis for you, and discuss the most important 14 points to consider for any ICO offering.This week we discuss Gladius, which is a decenralized Content Delivery Network and DDOS protection platform running on the blockchain. We also briefly discuss an old standby - Namecoin! This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

What is a CDN anyway? A CDN is a Content Delivery Network. They make it possible for your site to be accessed from multiple servers globally so that it can load faster for your visitors. We discuss our experience with them and some tips on getting started. Hosts Present: David Blackmon - Aspen Grove Studios / FB / @aspengrovellc Tim Strifler - Divi Life / FB / @timstrifler Sarah Oates - Endure Web Studios / FB / @endureweb Leslie Bernal - A Girl and Her Mac / FB / @agirlandhermac Resources: Content Delivery Network Explained - Scroll down to chapter 5 to see full list of CDN companies Cloudflare CloudFlare vs MaxCDN – What They Offer And How They Differ… Animated map shows the undersea cables that power the internet - no fish, womp womp   https://youtu.be/UYtWHQQIwuk

What is a CDN anyway? A CDN is a Content Delivery Network. They make it possible for your site to be accessed from multiple servers globally so that it can load faster for your visitors. We discuss our experience with them and some tips on getting started. Hosts Present: David Blackmon – Aspen Grove Studios […] The post EP46 – CDNs: How They Work and What We Use with Divi appeared first on Divi Chat.

Si tu cherches à optimiser ton site, tu as dû entendre parler des CDN. Dans cette vidéo, on va voir à quoi ça correspond et si c'est vraiment utile. Alors pour commencer, CDN est un acronyme qui signifie Content Delivery Network. C'est un service qui nous offre 2 fonctionnalités principales : 1. Cela stocke certains fichiers de ton site sur un autre serveur (principalement les fichiers CSS, JS et les images) ; 2. Les fichiers sont répliqués sur plusieurs serveurs à la surface du globe et le CDN envoie les fichiers les plus proches du visiteur pour gagner du temps. Si tu débutes, je ne te conseille pas de t'embêter avec ça pour le moment. Travaille déjà à faire connaître ton site, c'est le plus important. Quand tu auras beaucoup de trafic tu pourras te pencher là dessus mais ne brule pas les étapes. Sur la Marmite, j'en utilise un depuis février 2017 alors que le blog est en ligne depuis 2011. On peut très bien s'en sortir sans ! À mon sens, le minimum est d'installer une extension de cache comme WP Rocket. Cela fera optimisera déjà très bien ton site pour commencer. Après tu peux opter pour un CDN un peu spécial comme CloudFlare, c'est assez simple à mettre en place et c'est gratuit. Car oui, les CDN sont des services payants. Je n'en ai pas parlé dans la vidéo mais si tu cherches un bon CDN, tu peux t'orienter vers KeyCDN, je l'utilise sur la Marmite et j'en suis très content.

Brian brings the sales professional perspective to the topic of influencing others. Listen for how he thinks about influence and get some good takeaways as you interact with others.

Do 136. dílu se nám podařilo ulovit Zdeňka Cendru a Veroniku Miňovskou z firmy CDN77 a bylo to povídání tuze zajímavé. CDN je alias pro Content Delivery Network, kterou se rozhodl Zdeněk vybudovat a provozovat v celosvětovém měřítku. Kromě toho, že to je technicky složité (evidentně záleží na úhlu pohledu, jak vás Zdeněk přesvědčí) - děláte distribuovaný systém, který musí škálovat v prostředí internetu, plus řešíte první nejtežší počítačový problém, invalidaci cache - musíte zároveň bojovat s konkurencí v podobě velkých hráčů jako je Akamai a spol. Dva rozhovory se Zdeňkem Cendrou - http://www.forbes.cz/podnikat-zacal-v-15-dnes-ma-kontroverzni-podnikatel-cendra-stamilionovy-byznys/ - http://connect.zive.cz/clanky/zdenek-cendra-cesky-internet-uz-se-nesjednoti/sc-320-a-177465/default.aspx

Content delivery network (CDN) för både den stora och lilla sajten. Vår föräldralediga Fredrik Jonsson ansluter och förklarar hur CDN fungerar med Drupal. Varför CDN, vilka leverantörer finns det och hur integrerar man det med befintlig webbplats? Vi pratar också om priset för CDN och hur det fungerar för SSL och SEO Detta poddavsnitt sponsras av Kodamera Det här poddavsnittet sponsras av Kodamera, en webbyrå med inriktning på öppen källkod. Dagens program: Content delivery network Cloudflare Amazon Cloudfront Drupal modulen CDN Akamai CDN och SEO Eftersnack Ekonomisk förening Slack Trello Jekyll Hugo staticgen.com The ServiceWorker is coming, look busy! with Jake Archibald Next Generation Web Apps using the Service Worker

This weeks SEO and Social Media tips podcast is now live and I’ve spent quite a bit of time this week talking about page speed. With the big Google mobile update almost out in the wild having a fast loading website on mobile (and desktop) is really important so I hope you find the tips useful. Hit play on the Podcast above to get an in depth view on all the tips. You can see the tips first every day on my Twitter feed so give it a follow! Here’s the tips. Decide on a social media attitude for your business so everyone sings from the same hymn sheet. You can now DM anyone one Twitter. Great for customer service but be careful how you use it. Move non essential Javascript to the bottom of your page to speed things up for the visitor. Listen for your brand name on Twitter without the @ symbol. What are poeple saying about you? Minify you Javascript & CSS for better page loading speeds. The big Google mobile update is nearly done. Use Analytics & Webmaster Tools to see if you’ve been hit. Use the browser caching to help speed up your web pages load times. Share your content more than once on Twitter. Its a bit like radio, everyone’s not listening all the time. If you generate a lot of traffic think about using a Content Delivery Network to speed up your site. Do some A/B testing with your posts social media to see which format works best.

Summary:On HBO, the show Silicon Valley is about a young kid who comes up with a billion-dollar algorithm and attempts to build a company around the technology. Well, there's a real-life parallel, because that is what happened to Danny Lewin in the early 1990s. He co-developed an algorithm that gave birth to the Content Delivery Network industry, and the company that he co-founded on the strength of this technology is Akamai Technologies. To this day Akamai is a major backbone of the entire Internet.But that is only one of the fascinating things about the story of Danny Lewin. Born in Colorado, Lewin's family moved to Israel at a very young age, and Lewin eventually became an special forces operative in Sayeret Matkal, the elite anti-terrorism unit in the Israeli military.Tragically, Lewin was one of the passengers on American Airlines Flight 11, which was hijacked on September 11, 2001. There is reason to believe that Danny Lewin was possibly the first person to be killed by the hijackers on that day.In this episode we talk with author Molly Knight Raskin who has written a book, No Better Time: The Brief, Remarkable Life of Danny Lewin, the Genius Who Transformed the Internet, which chronicles Danny Lewin's amazing life story. It's a fascinating book, which I encourage you to read for yourself, and this is a fascinating episode.Buy The Book:No Better Time: The Brief, Remarkable Life of Danny Lewin, the Genius Who Transformed the Internet See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Open Connect is a global Content Delivery Network (CDN) built for a single purpose, the optimized delivery of video over the Internet. The project was started 3 years ago, and currently serves all Netflix video traffic to more than 50 million subscribers in the Americas and Europe. The talk will present an overview of Netflix and discuss design, performance and operational aspects of the system. Presented 7 November 2014.

On this weeks episode we will be discussing ways to speed up your WordPress website.  This includes plugins that speed it up, explain caching and CDNs, and talk hosting providers that help.Caching – A way of taking the content and storing it into something more static to that gets pushed out to the internet.CDN – Content Delivery Network, the way you distribute all of the content be it Java, CSS or images out to a 3rd party that has fast servers.What are possible causes for a site running slow?* It’s possible that the issue is with your code and no matter where your site is hosted it will be slow.* Themes can also be an issue.* Often problems happen on the front end with a lot of or inefficient JavaScript, large image sizes. Image optimization is key.* Media in general takes up a lot of bandwidth.What are some possible solutions to slow running sites?* Hosting with a company that provides SSD (solid state drive) technology. SSD currently serves data at the fastest speed available. Compare hosts and find one that uses SSD rather than spindle based drives.* Use P3 Profiler (Plugin Performance Profiler) Use P3 to see which plugins are slowing your sites down. The plugin creates a performance report for the site.CDN Solutions:* Amazon s3* MaxCDN* Cloud Flare* Google Page FeedCaching* Use a plugin* W3 Total Cache (not recommended not for the casual users, difficult to use, not set it and forget it)* WP Super Cache – Recommended* Hyper Cache – Recommended* Hosting company* WP Engine* Page.ly* Dreamhost* HostGator* Site Ground* Cloud FlareOnce you’ve run optimizations, how do you check to see if your site is actually faster?* Webpagetest.org* Pingdom* yslow* Google Page Test* GT MetrixMentions:* WP Engine* GoDaddy* WPSitecare* P3 Profiler* Jetpack* Photon* Sass* Less* DB Migrate Pro* Lightroom* Photoshop* Gimp* smush.it* JPGmini* CSS Tricks[LISTATTENDEES event_identifier=”ep49-how-to-speed-up-your-website-wpwatercooler-august-26-2013-5-521a... See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.