Podcasts about tdcs

In this episode, our speakers discuss the use of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy in the treatment for conditions such as depression and PTSD. This podcast is intended for individuals considering whether this approach could be helpful in treating their diagnosed psychiatric conditions. The conversation covers the role of psychotherapy in these treatments, the importance of ongoing research and the potential risks and contraindications involved. The discussion also explores how psychedelic agents uniquely impact brain function, contrasting this with standard treatments. Prof Mal Hopwood is the Ramsay Health Care Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Melbourne and the Director of the Professorial Psychiatry Unit at the Ramsay Clinic Albert Road (RCAR). A former President of the RANZCP, he is a dedicated researcher and clinician specialising in mood disorders and PTSD. He leads an active clinical trials group at RCAR, including in the area of psychedelic treatment.Dr Nigel Strauss has been a psychiatrist for 45 years and is currently a consultant at St Vincent's Hospital in Melbourne, as well as a psychedelic researcher at Swinburne University. He is a trained psychedelic psychotherapist and has written extensively on psychedelic medicine and psychology. He is currently sponsoring a trial on MDMA-assisted psychotherapy at Monash University.Dr Diana Korevaar is a psychiatrist with experience in private practice, where she integrates trauma-based methods with routine psychiatric care. Over the past five years, she has been actively involved in psychedelic-assisted therapy research trials across a wide variety of psychiatric conditions.Prof Colleen Loo is a psychiatrist, Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Leadership Fellow, and Professor of Psychiatry at the University of New South Wales and the Black Dog Institute in Sydney. She is a clinical and research expert in electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and ketamine. She is now also researching psychedelic-assisted therapy.Prof David Castle; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Tasmania; and Co-Director, Tasmanian Centre for Mental Health Service Innovation. He has wide clinical and research interests and has published widely. He has a current particular interest in psychedelic assisted therapy.References and Resources:Professor Richard J Davidson on the neuroplasticity of emotional wellbeingWhite Paper on the science of awe, which describes the impact of training in competencies which overlap with psychedelic mystical experienceCompassion Focused therapy in psychedelic assisted thTopic suggestion:If you have a topic suggestion or would like to participate in a future episode of Psych Matters, we'd love to hear from you.Please contact us by email at: psychmatters.feedback@ranzcp.orgDisclaimer:This podcast is provided to you for information purposes only and to provide a broad public understanding of various mental health topics. The podcast may represent the views of the author and not necessarily the views of The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists ('RANZCP'). The podcast is not to be relied upon as medical advice, or as a substitute for medical advice, does not establish a doctor-patient relationship and should not be a substitute for individual clinical judgement. By accessing The RANZCP's podcasts you also agree to the full terms and conditions of the RANZCP's Website. Expert mental health information and finding a psychiatrist in Australia or New Zealand is available on the RANZCP's Your Health In Mind Website.

Dr. Sara Schaefer and Dr. Davide Martino discuss his recent paper exploring the use of transcranial direct current stimulation over the supplementary motor area for the suppression of tics in patients with Tourette Syndrome. Read the article.

Today, you'll learn about how non-invasive brain stimulation might offer relief to older patients suffering from anxiety and depression, the first known molecular fractal, and a new discovery turning the view of bonobos as peace-loving primates on its head. Brain Stimulation “Brain stimulation treatment may improve depression, anxiety in older adults.” by Jill Pease. 2024. “Mental health of older adults.” WHO. 2023. “tDCS reduces depression and state anxiety symptoms in older adults from the augmenting cognitive training in older adults study (ACT). by Hanna K. Hausman, et al. 2024. Fractal Molecule “Discovery of the first fractal molecule in nature.” Max Plank Gesellschaft. 2024. “How Fractals Work.” by Craig Haggit & Yara Simon. 2023. “Six Sierpinski Triangle Constructions (visual mathematics).” YouTube Video. 2023. Bonobos “Bonobos not the peace-loving primates once thought, study reveals.” by Nicola Davis. 2024. “Differences in expression of male aggression between wild bonobos and chimpanzees.” by Maud Mouginot, et al. 2024. Follow Curiosity Daily on your favorite podcast app to get smarter with Calli and Nate — for free! Still curious? Get exclusive science shows, nature documentaries, and more real-life entertainment on discovery+! Go to https://discoveryplus.com/curiosity to start your 7-day free trial. discovery+ is currently only available for US subscribers. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Dia 12 de maio é o dia nacional de conscientização e enfrentamento da fibromialgia. Apesar de existir relatos históricos antigos descrevendo essa síndrome de dor difusa, ela só foi incluída na Classificação Internacional de Doenças (CID) em 1990. Entre estar incluída e ser reconhecida na clínica…. Houve mais de uma década de espera. Ainda hoje em dia, alguns profissionais tem dificuldade de entender a doença e o seu tratamento. Se é complicado para quem estuda, … Imaginem para quem sente! A fibromialgia é um conjunto de sintomas, envolve dores, fadiga, desânimo, distúrbios do sono (tanto a insônia a noite quanto a sonolência ao longo do dia), perda de memória, dificuldade de concentração, os pacientes também podem apresentar problemas digestivos, náuseas, diarreia, constipação, … a manifestação da doença é heterogênea, logo varia de pessoa para pessoa. Apesar dessa variabilidade, é possível diagnosticar e tratar a fibromialgia, entendendo essas diversas dores e sintomas de cada um. Geralmente a dor da fibromialgia é espalhada pelo corpo, por exemplo, às vezes dói um braço e no dia seguinte dor pode mudar para a perna. As pessoas descrevem como uma dor que caminha. Mas além de caminhar é uma dor que pode ser tanto profunda (“parece que dói dentro dos ossos”) assim como pode ser uma dor sensível (“a roupa toca na pele e parece que é dor” ou “o vento dói”). Mas a pessoa não vive assim todos os dias, mais em períodos de crise. Como a dor tem essa característica migratória e parece que usa disfarces… …. Muda de lugar de sensação” às vezes as pessoas chegam a duvidar do que estão sentindo. E essa dúvida não é saudável. Podemos imaginar como deve ser difícil sentir uma dor que não aparece no exame (não há documento para “provar” que sentimos dor); e perceber que essa dor muda de lugar. A dor é subjetiva e é relatada por quem sente. Às vezes a falta de exames fragiliza as pessoas. A pessoa com fibromialgia tem uma sensibilidade aguçada, ela sente mais, e esse sentir facilmente é percebido de forma intensa ao ponto de ser percebida como dor. A sensibilidade não é só no toque (da roupa, do vento ou do seu aperto de mão) a sensibilidade também é para cheiros, paladar, audição e visão. É como se o sistema sensorial estivesse com um curto-circuito. Por isso um dia no ano para lembrar que essa dor existe, que o enfrentamento requere reconhecimento! Reconhecimento social e pessoal. A evidência científica comprova cada vez mais a importância de um tratamento que envolva a pessoa na totalidade, e que infelizmente a melhora não está em um medicamento único, não temos pílula mágica, mas sabemos que o tratamento com exercícios adaptados, psicoterapia para enfrentar a dor, remédios para uso em momentos de crise de dor, alimentação, higiene do sono, correntes elétricas anti dor, … além de várias outras opções têm o poder de promover uma melhora significativa da vida da pessoa. Deixar doer não irá nos ajudar a curar, Duvidar da dor do outro também não o ajuda no enfrentamento da dor. Respeitar já é uma boa ajuda, ter a sua compreensão e não o seu julgamento já ajuda a enfrentar a fibromialgia. Entender esses múltiplos fatores que influenciam a manutenção e intensificação da dor é muito importante para que você (paciente) possa ajudar diretamente no processo de tratamento. Saiba mais como aliviar e entender o que modula suas dores A fibromialgia é uma síndrome de dor crônica, nas últimas décadas as pesquisas demonstram que a causa da fibromialgia estaria associada a disfunção do sistema nervoso central (SNC). Ter o foco de tratamento na disfunção do SNC é desafiador, e a A Estimulação Transcraniana por Corrente Contínua (tDCS) é uma das técnicas que pode oferecer uma nova linha de tratamento. Os resultados clínicos são promissores, com alto nível de evidência para o tratamento fibromialgia com melhora na qualidade do sono e alívio da dor. Juliana Barcellos de Souza, PhD www.educaador.com

#561 - Was macht Meditation mit dem Gehirn? Interview mit Hirnforscher Thomas Feiner Thomas Feiner ist Gründer (2008) und Inhaber des Instituts für EEG-Neurofeedback (IFEN) und verfügt über eine mehr als 25-jährige Erfahrung in der Behandlung von AD(H)S, Stress, Depressionen, Sucht und Burnout. In seiner Arbeit als Neurofeedback-Therapeut kombiniert er Techniken wie z.B. tDCS, Photobiomodulation und NLP. Darüber hinaus hat er selbst in seinem Institut zahlreiche Athleten, Führungskräfte und Künstler erfolgreich betreut, Trainingsprogramme für Kinder mit Lernstörungen entwickelt, und viele große, internationale Workshops mit bekannten Größen der Neurowissenschaft organisiert, darunter Prof. Chiarenza oder Dr. Thomas F. Collura. Thomas Feiner ist auch als Hirnforscher äußerst aktiv: Forschungsfelder sind Peak Performance, Meditation und beschleunigtes Lernen. In seinem Institut für EEG-Neurofeedback unterstützt er außerdem neurowissenschaftliche Studien und die Entwicklung fortschrittlicher Neurofeedback-Protokolle zusammen mit seinem professionellen Team aus Neurologen, Neuropsychologen und auf Neurowissenschaften spezialisierten IT-Experten. Er ist zudem Autor und Co-Autor von wissenschaftlichen Publikationen und spricht auf internationalen Konferenzen und Kongressen. Er ist für seinen mitreißenden Stil bekannt geworden, mit dem er sein Publikum für Neurofeedback, EEG-Brain-Imaging und den medizinischen Fortschritt begeistert.  In unserem Gespräch tauchten wir ein in die Tiefen der Neurofeedback-Arbeit ein. Wir sprachen über Hirnaktivitäten im Bereich der Gehirnwellen, die man heute viel detaillierter beobachten kann als früher. So ist der Mythos von der emotionalen rechten und der rationalen linken Gehirnhälfte nebenbei auch schön von Thomas aufgelöst worden. Du erfährst in dieser Podcast Folge außerdem auch, welche Krankheiten auf Fehlfunktionen im Gehirn zurückzuführen sind und was man dagegen tun kann. Außerdem hat Thomas einen spannenden Einblick in die Meditationsforschung gegeben und erklärt, wie Meditation auf das Gehirn wirkt, wo großer Nutzen und Heilung aber auch Risiken und Gefahren liegen. Shownotes: - Webseite: https://www.neurofeedback-info.de/de/ - Blog von Thomas: https://neurofeedback-ifen.com/blog/ Schreib mir Deine Meinung zu dieser Folge gerne auf Instagram: Zu meinem Instagram Profil: https://www.instagram.com/steffen.kirchner/   Wenn Du keine Infos verpassen möchtest: https://www.steffenkirchner.de/kostenlose-inhalte/newsletter/index.htm     Willst Du LIVE persönlich von mir lernen? Dann hol Dir jetzt Dein Ticket für meine Seminarevents und lass uns gemeinsam an Deinem Erfolg arbeiten: Die Kunst zu Leben – das Seminarerlebnis: https://link.steffenkirchner.de/PC   Werde Teil meiner Community auf Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/400904273429707 Alle Seminartermine von mir: www.steffenkirchner.de/seminare Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/steffenkirchner.de/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/steffen.kirchner/ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/steffenkirchner1   ABONNIERE meinen Podcast, um über neue wertvolle Folgen stets informiert zu sein.   EINE BITTE: Schenke mir 10 Sekunden Deiner Zeit, für eine 5-Sterne-Bewertung bei iTunes, wenn Dir mein Podcast gefällt.   Durch Deine Bewertung hilfst Du, den Podcast stetig zu verbessern!   Vielen Dank!       Steffen Kirchner kommt aus dem Leistungssport und kennt diesen als einzigen deutschen Speaker aus eigener Erfahrung als Spieler, Manager und Coach. Sein Name steht deutschlandweit für einzigartige Expertise in den Bereichen Motivation, Persönlichkeit und Erfolgspsychologie. Das Geheimnis seines Erfolgs ist die Kombination aus fundiertem Wissen und enormer Praxisstärke. Nirgends wird der Erfolg so schnell und unerbittlich gemessen wie im Profisport. Nur die Strategien, die nachhaltig, schnell und ergebnisorientiert funktionieren, haben dort Bestand. Über 500 Unternehmen, Profisportler und Teams Starcoach in den letzten Jahren beraten. Darunter auch Athleten wie Fußballstar Niclas Füllkrug, Goldmedaillen-Gewinner Fabian Hambüchen, Tennisstar Sabine Lisicki oder Unternehmen wie Audi, Siemens oder adidas. Steffen berät heute internationale Topmanager und vermittelt sein Wissen bei zahlreichen Veranstaltungen. Über 150.000 Menschen hat Steffen Kirchner mit seinen Seminaren und Vorträgen bislang begeistert. Sein Wunsch ist es, weltweit so vielen Menschen wie möglich dabei zu helfen, mehr Lebensstärke und Lebensqualität entwickeln zu können.             #diekunstzuleben  #steffenkirchner #lifechange                

Join Jess and Huw and James as they take a deep-dive into the week's healthtech news and views.This week: [00:50] - This biotech startup wants to prevent unhappiness. Here's the pitch deck Matter Neuroscience used to raise $26 million[07:15] -Sooma gets €5M boost to expand its tDCS at-home depression treatment[10:50] -UK report reveals bias within medical tools and devices [19:00] - Everything you need to know to prepare for the EU's AI Act

"Sheroes in Psychiatry" is an initiative of the Women in Psychiatry (WIP group). Sairee Chahal coined SHEROES in 1999 to denote "woman entrepreneur." WIP group selected the term "Sheroes" as a fitting term for every FRANZCP woman psychiatrist. By doing this podcast series, WIP aims to support and celebrate the work of Women psychiatrists. Their mission is to share the unique stories of this extraordinary group of women with the audience. The podcast plans to focus on who they are, where they come from, and where they are heading.Professor Colleen Loo, is a Professor of Psychiatry at the University of New South Wales and the Black Dog Institute. She is an internationally recognised clinical expert and researcher in the field of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and ketamine. She led the first Australian RCTs of these interventions in depression. She has published over 300 peer-reviewed papers and invited plenary and symposium speakers at national and international conferences. Expert adviser on policy and practice to Australian government health departments and the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP). Established professional training courses for psychiatrists and mental health clinicians in ECT, TMS, tDCS and ketamine.Dr Padmini Howpage, a consultant psychiatrist based in Sydney, is an author, mentor, community leader and philanthropist. She has fervently worked to dismantle the stigma surrounding mental illness and is the chair of the Mind Connections Foundation, a registered charity. She has fervently worked to dismantle the stigma surrounding mental illness, now steering the Mind Connections Foundation, an ACNC-registered charity providing vital programs to the vulnerable. As the founding chair of Women's Shed - Hills Shire and a former founding chair of the Positive Vibes Foundation, Dr Howpage's influence extends beyond psychiatry. Collaborating with her husband, Daya, she initiated an annual scholar award for medical students promoting mental health awareness. Dr Howpage's literary contributions include "Mindful Coco" for children and "7 Magic Minutes for Today" for adults, reflecting her commitment to diverse audiences. Her philanthropy hasn't gone unnoticed, earning her the 'Woman of the West 2019' award from Western Sydney University and nominations as a Citizen of the Year finalist by the Hills Shire Council in 2020 and 2022. Feedback:If you have a topic suggestion or would like to participate in a future episode of Psych Matters, we'd love to hear from you.Please contact us by email at: psychmatters.feedback@ranzcp.orgDisclaimer:This podcast is provided to you for information purposes only and to provide a broad public understanding of various mental health topics.  The podcast may represent the views of the author and not necessarily the views of The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists ('RANZCP'). The podcast is not to be relied upon as medical advice, or as a substitute for medical advice, does not establish a doctor-patient relationship and should not be a substitute for individual clinical judgement.  By accessing The RANZCP's podcasts you also agree to the full terms and conditions of the RANZCP's Website. Expert mental health information and finding a psychiatrist in Australia or New Zealand is available on the RANZCP's Your Health In Mind Website. 

Join us in Episode 12 of The FreeMind Podcast as we chat with Ken Davidov, the founder of Taste Boosters. Ken is the creator of SpoonTEK, the first commercial eating utensil with built-in electronics that enhances flavor and neutralizes after-taste. SpoonTEK science combines human body conductivity, advanced circuitry & a mild electric current, with tongue sensory & the brain, for an amazing eating experience. SpoonTEK® works great with yogurt, soup & ice cream.Ken also created LIFTiD Neurostimulation, which uses tDCS technology to boost the brain's potential through mild electrical stimulation, providing a brain training routine to improve focus, productivity, and performance. Use LIFTiD Neurostimulation once a day, for 20 minutes, and realize your potential within, without putting chemical stimulants into your body. Ken has been in product development and innovations for the past 36 years, both for his own products and producing other businesses' products for them. Tune in to learn more about Ken's revolutionary products and his journey as an entrepreneur.

In der heutigen Folge spreche ich mit Thomas Feiner, dem zentralen Neurofeedback-Experten mit über 25 Jahren Erfahrung und einem ganzheitlichen Ansatz zur Behandlung von ADHS, Stress, Depression, Sucht und Burnout. Wir lernen die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und die verschiedenen Hirnfrequenzen kennen. Außerdem diskutieren wir innovative Techniken wie TDCS und Photobiomodulation und die Macht des Verständnisses des eigenen Körpers, um die Gesundheit ein Leben lang zu erhalten. In einem spannenden Exkurs diskutieren wir auch die neuesten Forschungsarbeit von Joe Dispenza und ergründen, wie seine Forschung zur Selbstheilung zu den Möglichkeiten von Neurofeedback beiträgt. Erfahre, wie Thomas Feiner und Joe Dispenza Erkenntnisse aus der Atemforschung verbinden, um neue Wege zu beschreiten. Link zur Homepage von Thomas Feiner ##### In meinem Atemcodeclub machen wir seit zweieinhalb Jahren zusammen die unterschiedlichsten Atemtechniken. Ich habe nun eine Onlineserie gestartet, bei dem ich die Essenz aller wichtigen Techniken kompakt in praktischen Sessions vermittle. Die Kraft des Atems Wir haben zwar schon losgelegt, aber die beiden ersten von insgesamt sechs Sessions sind als Aufzeichnung vorhanden, so dass du nichts verpasst, auch wenn du dich erst jetzt zum Atemcodeclub anmelden solltest. Bereits morgen, 08. 11.23 findet die dritte Session, diesmal zum Thema Tummo, statt. Um dir den Einstieg zu erleichtern, biete ich dir einen zeitlich begrenzten Sonderrabatt von 50% auf den ersten Monat im Club an. Mit dem Rabattcode KRAFTDESATEMS50 kannst du dich für den Atemcode Club anmelden https://tinyurl.com/acc-anmeldung (nur gültig bis zum Sonntag, den 12. November 2023)

“Every day I wake up, I don't feel the need to explain why I or the community I identify with exists.” “I choose chronic self conviction over chronic self-doubt.” Tiffany Tavarez serves as Senior Vice President, Technology Diversity, Community and Sustainability (TDCS) at Wells Fargo.  This global team focuses on people strategy, cultural transformation, and sustainability. Prior to joining TDCS, Tiffany was Senior Vice President of Community Sponsorships and Strategy, Wells Fargo Advisors and Vice President of Community Relations for the Wells Fargo Foundation. Her career in inclusive philanthropy, program development & strategy and stakeholder engagement has included reputable organizations such as Exelon, Comcast, Temple University, and the Pew Center for Arts and Heritage.  She has been honored with numerous awards and recognitions including being named in the Philadelphia Business Journal's Top Forty Under 40 (2019); a Women of Excellence honoree by WDAS 105.3 FM (2022) and named one of Philadelphia's Top Women and Top Latino Power Players by Metro Philadelphia (2023). She was named 2023 Love Ambassador with Love Now Media, a Black-owned social enterprise whose mission is to create a more just, well and equitable future by amplifying acts of love at the intersection of social justice, wellness, and equity. In 2023, Tiffany Tavarez was named a Marshall Memorial Fellow (MMF). MMF is the German Marshall Fund's flagship leadership development program created to introduce a new generation of leaders from all sectors who facilitate knowledge and network development for effective transatlantic engagement between the United States and European Union.  Tiffany Tavarez is currently serving as Chair of the Board of Directors for Monument Lab; Member, Board of Directors for Esperanza; Commissioner for the Pennsylvania Commission for Women under Governor Shapiro; Board of Directors, Forum of Executive Women; and Co-chair of the Children's Scholarship Fund Campaign Committee. She is a first-generation college graduate who has earned degrees from both Temple University and University of the Arts. R.O.G. Takeaway Tips: Choose chronic self conviction over chronic self-doubt. Be audacious. Find ways to stretch what's possible and look for solutions to problems  Be courageous and take risks.  Recognize the impact of language. How are we expressing ourselves?  How are we speaking to ourselves? Get to know or leverage something that's external while getting to know and appreciate yourself. Discover and learn more about yourself, with delight.  Civic engagement and volunteerism in a service area you deeply care about. Resources: Bio and Credentials Tiffany Tavarez: An impactful catalyst forging inclusive communities - Al Dia article about Tiffany Tavarez (Insightful details about Tiffany's upbringing!) Au·dac·i·ty: a willingness to take bold risks. Lunch & Love: Tiffany Taverez | SVP of Diverse Segments, Representation and Inclusion at Wells Fargo Fireside Chat with Tiffany Tavarez - Tiffany talks about isolation and creativity Where to find R.O.G. Podcast: R.O.G on YouTube R.O.G on Apple Podcasts R.O.G on Spotify How diverse is your network?  N.D.I. Network Diversity Index What is your Generosity Style?  Generosity Quiz Credits: Tiffany Tavarez, Sheep Jam Productions, Host Shannon Cassidy, Bridge Between, Inc. Coming Next: Please join us next week, Episode 146, with Judge Nelson Diaz.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.08.01.551490v1?rss=1 Authors: Akil, A. M., Cserjesi, R., Nemeth, D., Nagy, T., Demetrovics, Z., Logemann, H. N. A. Abstract: Studies have suggested that the asymmetry of frontal brain activity is linked to self-regulation, particularly with approach tendencies in comparison to avoidance tendencies. However, the specific brain mechanism is not clear. Our preregistered study aimed to address the limitations of previous correlational studies by employing an interventional method, specifically non-invasive brain stimulation, regarding the connection between frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) and the behavioral and brain activity components related to approach tendencies, as observed in a visuospatial cueing (VSC) paradigm. A randomized controlled triple-blind design was used, and the experiment involved 65 participants. During the study, participant EEG was recorded and they performed a VSC task before and after the sham/active tDCS intervention The task included neutral and intrinsic reward-associated (food) conditions. The tDCS intervention consisted of 2 mA current applied to the right frontal F4 (anode) site relative to the left frontal F3 (cathode) site. The results showed no evidence that tDCS had an impact on FAA. There was also no indication of tDCS affecting the behavioral manifestations of attentional bias or disengagement. Surprisingly, secondary analyses concerning event-related potentials revealed that tDCS enhanced both the Late Directing Attention Positivity and P1 effect in the reward context. These findings suggest that tDCS might heighten cue-induced approach tendencies in a reward context, but these effects did not translate into observable behavioral changes. The observed effects are consistent with a noradrenergic mechanism rather than asymmetry of brain activity. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.07.26.550620v1?rss=1 Authors: Kaminski, E., Carius, D., Knieke, J., Mizuguchi, N., Ragert, P. Abstract: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique which was found to have a positive modulatory effect on online sequence acquisition or offline motor consolidation, depending on the relative role of the associated brain region. Primary motor regions (M1) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (DLPFC) have both been related to sequential learning. However, research so far did not systematically disentangle their differential roles in online and offline learning especially in more complex sequential paradigms. In this study, the influence of M1-tDCS and DLPFC-tDCS on complex sequential learning (online and offline) was investigated using a complex whole body serial reaction time task (CWB-SRTT) in 42 healthy volunteers. TDCS groups did not differ from sham tDCS group regarding their total time to complete the sequence and reaction time (online) and also not in terms of over-night consolidation (offline). Results may be related to unspecific parameters such as timing of the stimulation or current intensity but can also be attributed to the relative role of M1 and DLPFC during early complex learning. Future studies should consider investigating neural parameters during early complex CWB-SRTT learning to gain information on changes in neural activation within sequence acquisition with a specific focus on M1 and DLPFC. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Dr Horn is a medical scientist with training in neuroimaging, movement disorders, software development and both invasive and noninvasive brain stimulation and the group leader of the Network Stimulation Laboratory at Brigham & Women's Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston and Charité – University Medicine Berlin. His main interest and research focus lies in the development and  improvement of  methods to analyze brain stimulation sites to study network interactions of neuromodulation in the human brain. He is also the host of a podcast focusing on brain stimulation. In the interview with Dr Horn we explore how the impact of deep brain stimulation on the connectome can be studied, and how it can be used to improve patients lives.  “In contrast to many other neuroimaging domains, there is a more or less direct translation [..] to clinical practice”, says Dr Horn, and explains how for example networks that have been identified via DBS can later be targeted with noninvasive stimulation methods such as multifocal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), for example to improve patients' conditions in movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease. Among many other things, Dr Horn also lets us in on an informally ongoing challenge at Harvard University whether structural or functional measures provide better predictions for DBS outcomes. He explains why his lab has gradually shifted away from using patient specific connectivity data to precise normative connectomes for studying which brain networks should optimally be modulated for maximal effects. In his  keynote at OHBM 2023, Dr Horn will give us a tour through his findings from years of work studying the effects of deep brain stimulation on the connectome across different disorders, ranging across neurological, neuropsychiatric and psychiatric diseases. He will illustrate how his findings can be transferred across disorders to inform one another and how they can be further used to inform neurocognitive effects and behaviors such as risk-taking and impulsivity.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.06.26.546626v1?rss=1 Authors: Maldonado, T., Jackson, T. B., Bernard, J. A. Abstract: The cerebellum is involved in non-motor processing, supported by topographically distinct cerebellar activations and closed loop circuits between the cerebellum and the cortex. Disruptions to cerebellar function and network connectivity in aging or disease may negatively impact prefrontal function and processing. Cerebellar resources may be important for offloading cortical processing, providing crucial scaffolding for normative performance and function. Here, we used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to temporarily alter cerebellar function and subsequently investigated resting state network connectivity. This allows us to investigate network changes that may parallel what is seen in aging and clinical populations, providing additional insights into these key circuits. Critically, what happens to these circuits if the cerebellum is not functioning optimally remains relatively unknown. We employed a between-subjects design applying anodal (n=25), cathodal (n=25), or sham (n=24) stimulation to the cerebellum to examine the effect of stimulation on cerebello-cortical resting state connectivity in young adults. We predicted increased functional connectivity following cathodal stimulation and decreased functional connectivity following anodal stimulation. We found, anodal stimulation resulted in increased connectivity in both ipsilateral and contralateral regions of the cortex, perhaps indicative of a compensatory response to degraded cerebellar output. Additionally, a sliding window analysis also demonstrated a time dependent nature to the impacts of cerebellar tDCS on connectivity, particularly in cognitive region in the cortex. Assuming the difference in connectivity and network-behavior relationships here parallels what occurs in aging or disease, this may provide a mechanism whereby offloading of function to the cerebellum is negatively impacted, resulting in subsequent differences in prefrontal cortical activation patterns and performance deficits. These results might inform and update existing compensatory models of function to include the cerebellum as a vital structure needed for scaffolding. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.03.26.534053v1?rss=1 Authors: Itahashi, T., Yamashita, A., Takahara, Y., Yahata, N., Aoki, Y. Y., Fujino, J., Yoshihara, Y., Nakamura, M., Aoki, R., Ohta, H., Sakai, Y., Takamura, M., Ichikawa, N., Okada, G., Okada, N., Kasai, K., Tanaka, S. C., Imamizu, H., Kato, N., Okamoto, Y., Takahashi, H., Kawato, M., Yamashita, O., Hashimoto, R.-i. Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong condition, and its underlying biological mechanisms remain elusive. The complexity of various factors, including inter-site and development-related differences, makes it challenging to develop generalizable neuroimaging-based biomarkers for ASD. This study used a large-scale, multi-site dataset of 730 Japanese adults to develop a generalizable neuromarker for ASD across independent sites (U.S., Belgium, and Japan) and different developmental stages (children and adolescents). Our adult ASD neuromarker achieved successful generalization for the US and Belgium adults (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.70) and Japanese adults (AUC = 0.81). The neuromarker demonstrated significant generalization for children (AUC = 0.66) and adolescents (AUC = 0.71; all P less than 0.05, family-wise-error corrected). We identified 141 functional connections (FCs) important for discriminating individuals with ASD from TDCs. These FCs largely centered on social brain regions such as the amygdala, hippocampus, dorsomedial and ventromedial prefrontal cortices, and temporal cortices. Finally, we mapped schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) onto the biological axis defined by the neuromarker and explored the biological continuity of ASD with SCZ and MDD. We observed that SCZ, but not MDD, was located proximate to ASD on the biological dimension defined by the ASD neuromarker. The successful generalization in multifarious datasets and the observed relations of ASD with SCZ on the biological dimensions provide new insights for a deeper understanding of ASD. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.03.03.531020v1?rss=1 Authors: Vergallito, A., Varoli, E., Pisoni, A., Mattavelli, G., Del Mauro, L., Feroldi, S., Vallar, G., Romero Lauro, L. J. Abstract: The extensive use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in experimental and clinical settings does not correspond to an in-depth understanding of its underlying neurophysiological mechanisms. In previous studies, we employed an integrated system of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) to track the effect of tDCS on cortical excitability. At rest, anodal tDCS (a-tDCS) over the right Posterior Parietal Cortex (rPPC) elicits a widespread increase in cortical excitability. In contrast, cathodal tDCS (c-tDCS) fails to modulate cortical excitability, being indistinguishable from sham stimulation. Here we investigated whether an endogenous task-induced activation during stimulation might change this pattern, improving c-tDCS effectiveness in modulating cortical excitability. In Study 1, we tested whether performance in a Visuospatial Working Memory Task (VWMT) and a modified Posner Cueing Task (mPCT), involving rPPC, could be modulated by c-tDCS. Thirty-eight participants were involved in a two-session experiment receiving either c-tDCS or sham during tasks execution. In Study 2, we recruited sixteen novel participants who performed the same paradigm but underwent TMS-EEG recordings pre- and 10 minutes post-sham and c-tDCS. Behavioral results showed that c-tDCS significantly modulated mPCT performance compared to sham. At a neurophysiological level, c-tDCS significantly reduced cortical excitability in a frontoparietal network involved in task execution. Taken together, our results provide evidence of the state dependence of c-tDCS in modulating cortical excitability effectively. The conceptual and applicative implications are discussed. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.02.18.529047v1?rss=1 Authors: Sanchez-Leon, C. A., Sanchez-Garrido Campos, G., Fernandez, M., Sanchez-Lopez, A., Medina, J. F., Marquez-Ruiz, J. Abstract: Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising non-invasive neuromodulatory technique being proposed for treating neurologic disorders. However, there is a lack of knowledge about how externally applied currents affect neuronal spiking activity in cerebellar circuits in vivo. In this study, we observe a heterogeneous polarity modulation of the firing rate of Purkinje cells (PC) and non-PC in the mouse cerebellar cortex. Using a combination of juxtacellular labeling and high-density Neuropixels recordings, we demonstrate that the apparently heterogeneous effects of tDCS on PC activity can be fully explained by taking into account the somatodendritic orientation relative to the electric field. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering neuronal orientation and morphological aspects to increase the predictive power of tDCS computational models and optimize desired effects in basic and clinical human applications. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.02.07.527461v1?rss=1 Authors: Ahn, J., Ryu, J., Lee, S., Lee, C., Im, C.-H., Lee, S.-H. Abstract: Background: Although transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is widely used to affect various kinds of human cognition, behavioral studies on humans have produced highly inconsistent results. This requires a clear understanding of how tDCS impacts the system-level neural activity, a prerequisite for the principled application of tDCS to human cognition. Objective: Here, we aim to gain such understanding by probing the spatial and temporal cortical activity of the human early visual cortex (EVC) in diverse aspects while controlling the polarity and presence of tDCS. We target EVC to capitalize on its well-established anatomical and functional architecture that is readily accessible with non-invasive quantitative neuroimaging methods. Methods: To create an electric field in EVC precisely and effectively, we tailored high-definition stimulation montages for 15 individual brains by running electric field simulations. We then conducted an fMRI (functional magnetic neuroimaging)-tDCS experiment on each brain with a sham-controlled crossover design over multiple days. We quantified tDCS effects with eight measures, tested their significance with mixed ANOVA, and further validated their robustness to across-voxel and across-subject variability. Results: The anodal application of tDCS gradually elevated baseline BOLD activity of EVC and sharpened its spatial tuning by augmenting surround suppression without affecting its evoked activity. Conclusions: Comparisons of our and previous findings suggest the fundamental differences in tDCS effects between the visual and motor cortices, inhibitory and excitatory effects predominant in the former and latter, respectively. This calls for considering the differences in the excitatory-inhibitory recurrent network between brain regions in predicting or interpreting tDCS effects. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

This week we sit down with Amy Davison from Trek Travel to discuss the explosion of gravel travel trips in the 2023 line up. With three North American trips (Bentonville, Vermont and Virginia) and three European trips (Girona, Tuscany and Swiss Alps), Trek Travel has some amazing gravel trips planned using the local knowledge of their experienced guides. Trek Travel Website  Episode Sponsor: Athletic Greens Support the Podcast Join The Ridership  Automated Transcription, please excuse the typos: [00:00:00] Craig Dalton: Hello, and welcome to the gravel ride podcast, where we go deep on the sport of gravel cycling through in-depth interviews with product designers, event organizers and athletes. Who are pioneering the sport I'm your host, Craig Dalton, a lifelong cyclist who discovered gravel cycling back in 2016 and made all the mistakes you don't need to make. I approach each episode as a beginner down, unlock all the knowledge you need to become a great gravel cyclist. This week on the broadcast. We welcome Amy Davison from track travel. Trek travel is literally having an explosion of gravel trips for 2023. They've been in the gravel game for a few years with their gerona gravel trip, which I took at the end of 22, but they're back for 23 with an expanded roster of six trips, three in north America and three in Europe. I'm excited to sit down with Amy and go over all the details. Before we jump in i need to thank this week sponsor athletic. athletic greens I feel like everybody's been talking about athletic greens recently. I was just listening to Ted King's podcast and he was talking about his daily athletic greens routine. Like me, he takes athletic greens every day. My personal routine is mix it with a cup of ice. I love it. Cold. guess the big question is why, why do I take athletic greens? As you may recall, I've been taking athletic greens for going on five years. I was looking for something that would replace my desire to have a multivitamin in my life. I knew I wasn't getting all the nutrients I needed in any given day in a simple powdered format. Athletic greens contains 75 vitamins minerals and whole food sourced ingredients, including a multivitamin. Multi-mineral probiotic green superfood blend and more, it all works together to fill those nutritional gaps in my diet, it helps increase energy and focus aids with digestion and supports a healthy immune system. All without the need for a counter full of pills. Let's start your 2023 with a simple, sustainable nutritional habit. So, whether you're looking for peak performance, better health, we're just covering your bases. Athletic green makes it easy to invest in your energy immunity and gut health. Every day in a simple fashion, simply visit athletic greens.com/the gravel ride and join health experts, athletes, and health conscious go getters around the world who make a daily commitment to their health. Athletic green to the special offer for podcast listeners, simply visit athletic greens.com/the gravel ride. And you'll get a free year supply of vitamin D and five free travel packs today. Again, that's athletic greens.com/the gravel ride. Without business behind us let's jump right in to my interview with Amy Davison from Trek travel Amy, welcome to the show. [00:02:52] Amy Davison: Thank you for having me. [00:02:55] Craig Dalton: I'm excited. I just learned about the massive expansion of gravel travel trips the Trek is gonna be offering in 2023. After my wonderful experience in Gerona, I had to get you on the line and talk about everything that's going on before we dig into some of those trips. Let's just start by, uh, let the listener know where you're from, who you work for, how long you've been working at Track Travel. [00:03:20] Amy Davison: Sure. I live in Spearfish, South Dakota at the North Edge of the, the Black Hills, the great place to ride. I work for Trek Travel and I I'm a trip designer for trip travel, but I started back in 2005 as a. So, had a couple different roles here. I absolutely love working in the cycling industry, so it's, uh, led to [00:03:44] Craig Dalton: a long career. Yeah. I imagine all that time guiding yourself has left you with a pretty good sense of what it takes to design a trip. As a trip designer, what does that really mean? [00:03:58] Amy Davison: Hmm. Well, trip designers are the ones who build the structure. We book the hotels, we design the routes and build the routes in the software and book all the restaurants and basically just put the shell together. And then we convey it. We're sort of the, the hub of the wheel. We convey it to every team within trick travel. Explain it to sales. And then we hand it over to the guides when it's time to run. And when they're running the trip, it's really their baby. And then we work very closely with them to sort of tweak it and modify it. But we then sort of take it back at the end of the season and massage out anything we wanna change and then get it ready for the next year. So we're actually planning, we're working in about three years. at once. So it's very different than being a guide when you're, when you're out there guiding, you are laser focused on each day of each trip and really the hospitality end of taking care of the guests. So it's, uh, it was incredibly beneficial for me to be a guide and then turn into a trip designer. And that's how most of our trip design teams won. They were. and they then sort of wore both hats. And then some of us just moved into the trip design world and some of us continue to [00:05:18] Craig Dalton: wear both hats. That makes sense. How long has truck travel been in business? [00:05:24] Amy Davison: This our 21st year. [00:05:27] Craig Dalton: Wow. And, yeah. Has historically, have the trips always been on the road or were there off-road c. [00:05:33] Amy Davison: Mostly on the road. We did have mountain bike trips for a while, but this is our first foray into gravel, aside from Giana gravel that's been around for a couple of years. But, uh, yeah, primarily [00:05:46] Craig Dalton: road far. Interesting. So, you know, obviously I've got personal experience on that Jer Gravel tour. What was it that was sort of suggesting that an expansion would be, uh, you know, greeted with enthusiasm from your, from your. Well, just the growth [00:06:03] Amy Davison: of gravel in general. I mean, it's just exploded over the last several years. And all of our well met a big contingent of our guides and our team loves to ride gravel, and that's what they're doing in their free time, whether they're bike packing, they're just out riding the gravel. And so we've been talking about it for, for a few years because it's just, become such a big industry and the, the pandemic probably delayed this launch by, by a bit, but because of the scarcity of bikes and the uncertainty of everything basically. But [00:06:40] Craig Dalton: When you, as you introduced J, the Gerona gravel trip originally, were there, what kind of things were going through your mind in terms of bringing some of these, a newer athletes to gravel offroad? Like how do you think about trip design to make sure that everybody joining the trip is comfortable with the progression of technicality or amount of climbing or what have you? Mm-hmm. . [00:07:04] Amy Davison: We have what we call rider levels and we rate every trip and we, so we are going for a variety of trips. And then we rate each trip going to the rider level and we spell out on our, on our website how difficult it is. And that includes distance, terrain so how hilly is it? And also surface type because, you know, gravel. Very broad, and we do our best to sort of, put them into a matrix so people can see the range of trips that we offer, and then select what might be the best for them. And then we, I spend a lot of time with our trip consultants sort of explaining all this in detail so they can help steer people in the right direction. So we do try to offer a a, a breadth. Of options for people who may have more experience or less experience. And then we also, when we're designing the trip on each day of the trip, we have multiple ride options. So we try to allow, uh, for different rider levels, like on any given day, the guides will help steer people toward what option might be best for them any day of the week. Because as you experience sun, Each day's ride is quite different as well. And Jerome, I know they, the rides kind of build in technicality throughout the week and other trips like Shenandoah Valley, they build to a big climb at the end of the week. Uh, but the, the climb is an epic ride in their area, but it's actually paved the climb and the sun paved. It's just part of a, a larger loop and much of the loop is gravel. So each trip is different. And really the goal is you identify an area that is desirable, would be a, would be a great place for the trip, and has of course wonderful gravel riding. And then I like to say, you see what the area offers you and then you take advantage of it. So I don't go in with a preconceived notion of, I'm gonna design this trip in this way and it's gonna be for these people. I go in with a, let me learn about this region. Let's see what the best, you know, what it has to offer, and then we'll design accordingly. And then we'll describe accordingly. Because, you know, we, our, our, even our regular trips there's a, there's a wide variety of types of trips. So we don't try to force anything, we just try to call it what it is and, [00:09:38] Craig Dalton: uh, make it shine. . Yeah, it was, it was definitely interesting, and I noted it in those, the first day of the J travel, the, the gravel tour was just that assessing of the rider's abilities. Mm-hmm. , and it was pretty easy, you know, it was casual. It wasn't like anybody was testing mm-hmm. , you know, can you break, can you skid, can you go over a log or what have you. Yeah. But you could tell that the guides were being conscious of like, okay, what's the, what's the dynamic of this group? What are people's eagerness? Do people wanna ride? All day long, do they wanna not ride some days? And it became surprisingly easy to strike that balance in our group. Mm-hmm. , you know, the few, few guys from California that I went over with, we were eager, eager to ride as much as humanly possible, so mm-hmm. , you know, on occasion we'd come home and say, we, Hey Mickey, we wanna ride some more. And he would give us a GPS route and we would just go out there. Pedal to our heart's content while others were electing to take days off. And to your point, like there definitely was a progression in, in skills, in elevation and everything along the way. I don't think anything would've you know, been out of reach of, you know, most gravel cyclists, but there definitely would've been days that if you were a beginner, and one of the guys in my crew was a little bit more of a beginner that mm-hmm. a couple of the. made him think a little bit more. You don't really get that. Yeah. On a road bike, you put on the brakes, and even if you're descending aldus, you just keep the bike in control and it's, you know, it's no harder than your local mountain. But with the gravel, I think with everything, you know, all the natural terrain in front of you, it's often a little bit challenging and your eyes get wide and you think, can these bikes really withstand this treatment? Yeah. [00:11:22] Amy Davison: Yeah. It's. , it's definitely some, like you said, you have to, you have to think more and gravel and really watch your speed on this descent. And the guides are incredible. They, their wheels are turning before you meet them. They, they get a little intel on everybody and, uh, their wheels are turning immediately cuz they always wanna make it the best trip and. For every single person on the trip. And that first day is critical in sort of getting to know people a little bit during the bike event, and then sort of, you know, as assessing how everyone's doing during the ride because they're, they're already planning the next day, the next day and the next day. So yeah, it's. It's, it's quite a feat, but they're, they're really good at it. And when they know the terrain like Nikki, you know, it's local and j it's uh, it's pretty special what they can do, even with a larger group of people. Like, like you said, they, they're more than happy to give you some extra routes or, you know, go on another ride with you after everyone else is done and having close ride beers. . So it's, yeah, it's really, it's [00:12:39] Craig Dalton: really a fun time. You mentioned the bike fit element of it, and this was my first trip where I've ever ridden a bike provided by the organization. Mm-hmm. , obviously I was excited them being truck bicycles. In Jer in 2022, it was the, the Dnet, but I believe for, for 2023, you're moving over to the checkpoint. Mm-hmm. . [00:13:00] Amy Davison: We are, yeah. Very exciting. Checkpoint SR seven. Top of the line, electronic shifting. It's, uh, shaman, it's, and it's a two by, so a two by 11 speed. Uh, we'll set it up to bliss and we're gonna bump the wheels to 40 fives instead of the stock forties that come on them. And, uh, yeah, it's gonna be a great ride. And I think that the rationale is we really want these trips to be accessible. Everyone and we thought this is the bike that provides the most comfort and the most stability and can handle the widest variety of terrain, cuz we also have to select a single bike for all of these trips. [00:13:44] Craig Dalton: That we all thought would work. I, I think you're spot on there. I think, you know, it's, it actually to me it has two benefits. One, for newer riders, having the fatter tire is gonna make 'em more comfortable. It's gonna make it roll over stuff easier. A little sp smoother ride. But for more experienced riders, those 40 fives are gonna allow you to really tear it up and get after things and have a lot of fun. Mm-hmm. ? [00:14:06] Amy Davison: Mm-hmm. . Yeah. I have a, have the same bike here at home, so I've been really enjoying. Trying it out and it's just, and it actually rolls great on pavement too, so, it's, they're just so, there's such versatile bites [00:14:21] Craig Dalton: there. Yeah, yeah. Yeah. I have to say I was a little bit jealous cuz Mickey was already on a checkpoint and I was eyeing his big tires that from time to time as we got in the roof for terrain, cuz that's what I typically ride at home. Yeah. [00:14:34] Amy Davison: Yeah. The. All, I would say, all the guides who could get their hands on a checkpoint in the last couple years, uh, who ride gravel have, have absolutely [00:14:42] Craig Dalton: taken advantage of that. Yeah. So we, we we're moving from one gravel trip in 2022, all the way to six gravel trips, both in North America and in Europe. I'd love to just kind of talk to you about a, let's first get on the table, where are we going in 2023, and then B, let's just talk a little bit about each. [00:15:04] Amy Davison: Sure. Yeah. Yeah, it's very exciting. This has been the, the better part of the second half of 2022, and my world has been spent putting these together in collaboration with, uh, a lot of our guides and other tDCS. So we have three North America and three in Europe. In the North American trips in, in order are Batonville and Vermont and Shenandoah Valley, and. , the European trips are post J with that, the spring trip. And then we'll do Tuscany and then we'll do Swiss Alps and then we'll come back to Jer. [00:15:41] Craig Dalton: Amazing. And when you say an order, is that a chronological order throughout the year when the trips are offered? Alright. [00:15:48] Amy Davison: Spring. Yeah, by season. [00:15:51] Craig Dalton: Gotcha. Well sort of taking 'em one by one. And let's start in North America to begin. Bentonville, Shenandoah Valley in Virginia, and then Vermont. Mm-hmm. What attracted you to those areas? And maybe as we go through one by one, just kind of give a highlight of what, what people might expect on that trip. Sure. [00:16:09] Amy Davison: Boy, we, we, we debated many, many, many destinations and at the end of the day, we were. Kind of zeroed in on destinations where we have guides who live there. That was a big factor because planning gravel, uh, having local knowledge is indispensable in, in planning the best routes. And, and so that was one big factor. And then all kinds of things sort of come into play. But we were. Pretty quickly narrowed it down to three that were relatively close to each other. And and then of course you have to cherry pick the best times to ride in these places. So, you can't pick all spring destinations, for example, so you're playing with all kinds of things and put, putting the puzzle together. But Batonville we, we actually had a, a good shell of a. Put together for Bentonville that we offered as the self-guided trip a couple years ago. And we have a guy who lives there. And, uh, so we, that one was, that one was a no-brainer because Bentonville has got the, all the infrastructures, everyone knows it's the mountain biking capital of the world. It's, it is incredible for mountain biking, but it is also incredible for gravel. You talk to any of the locals there, they're like, yeah, it's pretty, it's pretty special. And the beauty of this trip is it's five days and so you can always tack on a few days on either end, grab a rental mountain bike and go hit the trails either before or after. But the gravel there is outstanding without being too difficult. It really is. We're riding mostly in Rolling Farm. And the, the highlight of the trip is of course modeled after the big sugar race. So the gravel on the, uh, sort of northern side of town is absolutely epic. It's fast. Yeah. And it's, it's fun And it's beautiful. So you've got that, but you also have a great hotel in town. The 21 C Museum Hotel, which is an art museum, turned into a hotel on the square and the food is incredible. So we're going to eat at the preacher's son and Conifer and the hive at the hotel for dinners. So this trip is absolutely packed, and I didn't even mention the art. We're gonna also visit Crystal Bridge's art museum in addition to riding through it, but, , we're gonna visit the campus for like an introductory tour so that that trip is just absolutely [00:18:39] Craig Dalton: packed. Great stuff. Yeah. It's such a great community and it's mm-hmm. dark when you arrive there, just how infused cycling culture is. There's bike paths everywhere you need to go and yeah. You know, as you said, the gravel is great. It's very accessible, but it's a hell of a lot of fun as an experienced athlete too, as you, you know, as you ramp up the speed going down those hills. Oh yeah. Rocks on those. You know, it, it's exciting and exhilarating. Yeah. But again, like if you're, if you're going a little bit slower, it's totally accessible to a lot of riders and then all those great things to do in Bentonville, like it definitely, I can see why that made it high up on your list of places to put a trip. [00:19:19] Amy Davison: Yeah. I mean the, it's really special when you arrive in a town. You just feel like, oh, this is home for cyclists. Like they love bikes, they love bike people, they're everywhere. Yeah. How about [00:19:34] Craig Dalton: that was really special. Yeah. Yeah. And to your point about like geographically locating the trips, you know, within a reasonable distance, it's probably lost on many listeners that you've got a lot of logistics. You've got vans you need to bring to bear. You have the actual bicycle. You need spare bicycles, spare parts. So there's a lot of moving pieces to this trip that make it logistically complicated for you at Trek Travel. But honestly, logistically simple for the guest because we just arrived with our shammy and our helmet and our shoes. And you'll take care of the rest. [00:20:10] Amy Davison: Yeah, and we don't even have to bring a helmet cause we have those too. But that is one, I think one thing. always has set travel apart is our partnership of Trek and the bikes that we provide. And if you look at gravel whether the gravel tourism industry most, uh, well, I can't name that's not true. Most do not include a bike and I will just say no and include the bike like a checkpoint SLR seven. Electronic shifting. I mean, it's all the bells and whistles just like our damani is for our regular trip. And, and so that that is one really exciting sort of piece of the puzzle that, that sets us apart. And it, it absolutely, yeah, our business is complicated. It always will be, but we all tend to thrive in the chaos and do our best to present a, a seamless experience for the guests. That's the. . [00:21:10] Craig Dalton: Yeah. And then I guess if we're going chronologically, next step would be domestically would be the Vermont Gravel Bike tour. Mm-hmm. , do you wanna jump into that experience? [00:21:18] Amy Davison: Yeah, absolutely. So Vermont has been in the tri travel portfolio since the company began. Uh, we've always run trips outta Sto Vermont in the Green Mountains, so that, that's where this trip begins. We'll start at the Green Mountain in Insto, uh, and do a couple of rides around there. We'll do a sugar tasting there, or a sugar tour. Learning about maple syrup and how it's made, and of course, do a taste of it. So you get a little Vermont flavor in there. And then from there we're gonna ride from hotel to hotel, and we're gonna go to the northeast kingdom and stay in a, in, out in the country. Just outside of Eastbrook. So a lot of people know that area for great mountain biking as well, but there are endless gravel roads. I'm think of Vermont as the home of gravel really. They've been riding gravel there before. Gravel was cool because they have more gravel than pavement. It's just everywhere. So, the rides there are about 70% gravel. And, and they're hilly. Can you go from the Green Mountains up to. It's equally hilly in the Northeast Kingdom, but, uh, very rural. I would say the highlight is the ride from hotel to hotel. You pass through prospering, which is a small town very accustomed to cyclists and outdoor enthusiast of all sorts. And we'll have lunch at the general store called Jenny. As we pass through. I think that's gonna be a, a great experience just to. I feel like experienced small town life in, in Vermont. And then we will end with at, at the, we're staying at a small in, in, at Brooklyn to end the trip and they are cycling enthusiasts there and they also put on fabulous meals. So I'm, and I think it'll be, it'll be This spectacular trip. Incredible food throughout high-end accommodations and phenomenal dirt road [00:23:20] Craig Dalton: riding. That's so fun. It's such a pretty state. I've only ever ridden on the road there, but, but definitely aspire to ride gravel once I get back there. [00:23:29] Amy Davison: Yeah. Yeah. It's, uh, it, it's gonna be good one for sure. [00:23:34] Craig Dalton: And then next up on your, your summer tour of gravel in the United States is the Shenandoah. In Virginia, that was probably the one on your list that I was most surprised about. So can you talk a little bit about that trip? [00:23:47] Amy Davison: Yeah, absolutely. I was actually looking at another region and it just sort of wasn't panning out and I I just kept driving and went, uh, to Harrisonburg. One of our trip consultants lives there and we've kind of had it on the radar for a while. We also have a contingent that lives in North Carolina and. Loves to come up to Virginia to ride. So it is a well kept secret and that's is another place where as soon as I got into town unannounced I started knocking on doors and immediately I was like, yes, this is a bike funded town. These people love to ride. They're excited about bringing more cycling, tourism to the area. And it's , it's unique in that it, it's a valley, obviously Shindo Valley, but it's got the mountains on both sides. The Allegheny Mountains and the Smoky Mountains. So you've really got everything at your disposal. So we've got riding in rolling Farm country, and then you've got Epic climbs on either side of the, so we're gonna feature. I climb to what's called reddish knob, which is one of the high points of the state. It's on the West Virginia border and that, that's actually a paved climb through National Forest and a paved descent, but the rest of that loop is gravel. So it's gonna be an epic day at the end of that trip. Panoramic views at the top and a nice change up from the rest of, of the writing, but, It's a destination where I think it'll surprise and, and delight people because maybe you haven't heard of it, but if you dig just a little bit, you'll, you'll see that there's a, there's quite a cycling culture there, great mountain biking as well, and almost anywhere there's gonna be great mountain biking. Gravel is gonna go hand in hand, [00:25:41] Craig Dalton: so, . Yeah. Yeah. I think there's a lot of people in Virginia right now listening who are saying, hallelujah, . Yeah. Don't let the secret out, but, but we are proud of where we ride. I told Yeah, , [00:25:53] Amy Davison: I feel a little bad about that. But [00:25:56] Craig Dalton: yeah. You know, gravel riders we're, we're sort of, we can blend in. Right. I, I yeah, I have a little bit of experience in that area on the mountain bike, as you, you were mentioning. It's a great mountain bike area, and when I was cutting my teeth as a young mountain biker out of Washington DC we would get into that region on our mountain bikes to go race some of that kind of classic East Coast races down [00:26:16] Amy Davison: there. Okay. Yeah. Yeah. It's and I also, I recall having guests on a trip in California, uh, years ago who were like, you've gotta come to Virginia. They were live, they live near DC and they were like, it's absolutely epic. You would love it. It's the riding is endless. Like you have to come to Virginia. So, Hopefully they're listening and they're probably like, it's about time It's been so long. [00:26:46] Craig Dalton: Nice. So now let's hop over to the, uh, to the European trips. I forget the chronological order. Are we starting in Gerona over there? We're starting [00:26:54] Amy Davison: in Gerona, yeah. Yeah, because Okay. It's just. got great weather spring and and fall. So we're starting in j that is our, uh, only level four trip, which means it's a little more advanced. So the, some of the gravel riding is more technical. We, it's the only trip where we incorporate some single track and some connectors that say are unmaintained roads, so they get a little more gnarly. What we've been seeking out elsewhere. So that that is one thing that sets Jonah apart. And the other thing is, we've had it running for a couple years now, so it's a well-oiled machine. We have a handful of local guides there who love it. And it's, it's really their trip. I mean, they, they've made it what it. So a lot of a lot of culture, uh, infused there, a lot of local knowledge infused there and great little hotel in the center of this charming little town. So, yeah, [00:27:58] Craig Dalton: absolutely, and I'll, I'll refer the listener back to a couple episodes where I've interviewed both our guides while I was over there and gave a little bit of my day to. Of that trip as well as an original episode going back, gosh, I think mid pandemic when I was hoping to go very early on, maybe in Oh wow. 2020 that, uh, that you Yuen came on and talked about that trip as well, so, oh, we've covered that territory. I'm a big fan of Jer. I feel like anybody who's. Into cycling knows that that's just a hub and a, a great place to be. [00:28:28] Amy Davison: Absolutely. Yeah. But what I guess I didn't realize is how epic the, the gravel is there in addition to the road driving. [00:28:36] Craig Dalton: So Yeah, a hundred percent. Like the, just so much of the Mickey was saying, you know, they had all these old rail lines that then got, uh, you know, repurposed into gravel roads and they just, they litter the town from every direct. Yeah. [00:28:50] Amy Davison: Yeah, it's, I'm heading there in uh, February, so I can't wait to do a couple of the rides that you got to go [00:28:58] Craig Dalton: on. Awesome. Yeah. Awesome. And then what's up O next Over in Europe. [00:29:03] Amy Davison: Tuscany. Yeah. Okay. [00:29:05] Craig Dalton: So Tus is [00:29:07] Amy Davison: another Tuscany. Oh yeah, the Bianchi. It's gonna be amazing. It's another region that Tel has, you know, been, uh, running trips in forever. And we all love it. Uh, it just never gets old. I got to guide there in 2015 and got to ride some of this gravel. So anyone who is a gravel enthusiast probably knows about the race throughout Bianchi and also the aka uh, vintage cycling race. And our trip really blends those two together. So we spend some time around Oli and, and near Sienna first hotels near Sie. Uh, riding some of the bki and AKA roots. But you get to experience wine country and you get to have lunch, I think it is in Oli, and visit the AKA store. And you also get to have coffee and a little tour of Sienna where you're watching the end of any race. So it's like from clop cross races, Toki, they end. In the Piazza in Sienna, and it's just like an incredible experience. So we're, we're going to, uh, do that on the trip and then we're gonna finish near Ticino a little bit further south. And the riding just goes on and on. And it was some of my favorite writing when I was there in Southern Tuscany where it's a little less touristy and you're sort of getting off the beaten path. And we have a couple of guides who, you know, one in particular who really rides gravel a lot there and knows all the ins and outs of the gravel roads. So he got to put this together and, uh, he's, uh, I think really made it shine. The other fun piece of it is that the second hotel is actually in equator, which we don't typically stay in. So it's like a working farm that also is a hotel. You know, it's the definition of farm to table dining, basically. This, uh, a agrima is very high end. It's absolutely beautiful. And our final night will be a, a meal that is paired with wines from their cellar. Some of their, some of their older favorite ones. So it's going to be an absolutely epic trip with great riding. And of course, I mean, you're in Tuscan, so outstanding food and. , [00:31:36] Craig Dalton: uh, to pair with it. Yeah. Super cool. I imagine, and, and I've never ridden there myself, but just seeing strata Bianca, that the dirt roads are, I mean, relative in the spectrum of these gravel trips in Ima, it seems like these are sort of smoother dirt roads than elsewhere. [00:31:52] Amy Davison: I would say, yeah. Honestly, for all of our trips, the goal was to find. Smoothest gravel roads that we possibly could. So we're not trying to search out the most difficult, gnarly technical riding. We're trying to make these accessible to, to everyone who has even a bit of gravel experience. So they're just comfortable riding on loose surfaces. Cuz you can't avoid hills and cornering and so you need a little bit of experience. But these, I, I would say Vermont. . The dirt, the dirt roads are super hard packed and like sometimes they're just dirt. You, you don't even have, you have very little gravel and Tuscany probably have more gravel consistently. But the roads are, are fairly smooth. They're just healing. [00:32:42] Craig Dalton: Yeah. And are they sort of the punchy style climb? [00:32:46] Amy Davison: Yeah, I would say Vermont and Tuscany are known for short, steep hills. That's just the nature of the riding there. Uh, you really can't get away from it. So, similar to our, our regular Vermont trip and our regular Tuscany trip. These are, these are hilly trips. Batonville is a little flatter. It's more like rolling farmland, Ando Valley, more rolling farmland with the big. . So they all are, you know, slightly different, but in general you can never escape hills and, uh, we're looking for mostly smooth dirt roads with a, not a crazy amount of gravel, so relatively non-technical [00:33:28] Craig Dalton: ready. Got it. Got it. And then that final trip of the year heading over to the Swiss Alps. [00:33:34] Amy Davison: Mm-hmm. . Yeah. This one is super exciting. Again, one of our guides lives there at the, this trip is on the eastern side of Switzerland in the Anine Valley, and it starts in a town called school. And one of our long standing, amazing guides lives there. And she's been dreaming about getting this trip on the, on our docket for years. So she put this together in addition with one of our troop designers who is a ski instructor in St. So that's where the trip ends on the other side of the valley, uh, near St. Maritz. And you're basically riding in the valley surrounded by the Alps and glaciers the entire time. So that means that the terrain is hilly. Inevitably when you leave the valley, you're going, you're going up. So it's more long, gradual climbs. But the, uh, what's unique about this one is it's mostly, uh, most of the gravel is on bike pads, and then most of the other riding that's not gravel is still a designated bike route. So it's very little traffic there. I mean, that's to be expected when you're riding gravel to begin with, but here it'll be. Very, very little traffic and a combination of gravel bike pond and really narrow paved lanes going from town to town up and down this valley. Then of course there will be a fondu dinner. So people get to experience that and just incredible views of the, of the valley and the, it's pristine. I just look at the pictures for that trip. . I, I, I have to [00:35:19] Craig Dalton: go. It's, yeah, I was gonna say that's the only one I haven't seen The pictures on the website are just ridiculous how scenic it is. Yeah, yeah, yeah. It's beautiful. I love it. Well, that's super exciting just to one, get the overview of all these great trips that you have planned for 2023, and I'm super excited for you guys to continue to get feedback from riders as to what they like and don't like about 'em and mm-hmm. . You knows what an exciting journey to, to sort of have six new trips on the calendar. [00:35:51] Amy Davison: Yeah, it's, uh, I've been doing this for a while and this is like unprecedented for me in terms of, you know, what I get to do on, on the day to day. So I'm really excited to get this out there. I know that our guides are too, I mean, everyone who helped design these trips is gonna be working them next year, and I know that they'll evolve. It's absolutely the way. All of our trips work. We take feedback from the guides, from the guests, and the more we sink into a region, the more we learn about it, the better the trips become. So this will definitely evolve, and as we learn, I sure hope that the entire category just continues to grow. . [00:36:31] Craig Dalton: Yeah. You know, as I've said many times on the podcast before, I'm just, I'm a big fan of this idea of gravel travel and as much as I like going to do events and races, for me it's more about being in that region and sampling a bit more. And sometimes I get drawn into, whether it's the length of the event or just, you know, wanting to perform. I'd limit my riding because I just wanna be able to complete that one day ride. And sometimes I leave those regions thinking, gosh, like I wish I was just riding every single day a little bit less. Yeah. Than putting all my eggs into this one one day. [00:37:08] Amy Davison: Yeah. Yeah. I mean that's the beauty of, of these vacations is you really can, you really get to sink into a region and see and ride day after day after day. It's kind of [00:37:20] Craig Dalton: hard to go. . Yeah, yeah, totally. After that. Totally. Yeah. There's something to be said for having nothing to do, but ride all day and pretty much have the logistics all taken care of for you. Mm-hmm. . [00:37:34] Amy Davison: Yeah, I mean, I hear that from, from my friends. It's, it's truly what I love to do and my free time as well. So now that I live in a place that is full of gravel, I. We have people visiting and we go out for, for four days, and it's, for me, it's the best vacation I've ever had. And for them, they feel like they're on a TR trail trip, so. [00:37:58] Craig Dalton: It's, uh, I bet that's really fun. You bet. You better watch out. You may have some listeners knocking at your door wanting a person to turn Hey, [00:38:06] Amy Davison: bring it on. I, I already have a planned . [00:38:11] Craig Dalton: Thanks again, Amy. I really appreciate the time and I'm excited to revisit this conversation at the end of the year and see how everything goes. Yeah, [00:38:19] Amy Davison: me too. Awesome. Thank you for having us and for bringing attention. Gravel travel. Hopefully it's just gonna keep growing and I look forward to doing more myself discovering more destinations. [00:38:33] Craig Dalton: Big, thanks to Amy for joining the show today. I'm super excited to hear that Trek travel is doubling down on gravel travel for 2023. I don't know about you, but they're more than a handful of those destinations. I'd love to ride in myself. I've covered a few, but absolutely. I encourage you to go to the truck, travel.com website and check out those pictures, particularly for the Swiss trip. It just looks absolutely spectacular. A huge, thanks to athletic greens for being a long time supporter of the show. Remember head on over to athletic greens.com/the gravel ride. To get your free one-year supply of vitamin D and five free travel packs. Added to your order. If you're interested in connecting with me, please. Join the ridership that's www.theridership.com. That's a free online cycling community where you can connect with me and other gravel athletes for around the world. If you have the ability to support the show. Please visit, buy me a coffee.com/the gravel ride. Until next time. Here's to finding some dirt under your wheels

#neurofeedbackpodcast #eeg #brain Jay Gunkelman is the man who has read well over 500,000 Brain Scans and he discusses on the NeuroNoodle Neurofeedback and Neuropsychology Podcast Brain Anatomy and Function that start with the letter F Jay Gunkelman and Pete Jansons also discuss the most watched videos of 2022 Other Topics include: falx cerebri, function, perfusion, Brain Perfusion, Ian Cook, Frontal Cortex, gyrus, sulcus, Einstein's Brain, Left Hemisphere, right hemisphere, SMR, Motor Strip, Cingulate, Flexibility, OCD, Obsessive Compulsive disorder, Temporal Lobe Split, Cochlea, B.A.R.E Testing, Pianist the keyboard is the motor strip, Wernicke's Area, Word Salad, Bruce Willis, Homunculus, Motor Homunculus, Abdominal Epilepsy, Insula, Frontal Eye Fields, High Speed Fiber Tracks, Versículo Most Watched Episodes 2022: "The Little Known Reason Why Michael Jordan Sticks out His Tongue?" https://youtu.be/qGo0rSPNfjQ "What happened to Bob Saget?" https://youtube.com/shorts/4I4H-E5VE0M "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome - What is it?" https://youtu.be/a0klWnoIUyQ "How Light Can Improve Mental Health: Photobiomodulation with Dr. Lew Lim Founder Vielight" https://youtu.be/0gYz7HQyx-8 "Does it Matter Where You Place the EEG Electrodes?" https://youtu.be/nN2HusIlnPg "The Jay Gunkelman Story Part 1" https://youtu.be/inKwhggsLsY "Electroencephalogram Certification Types" https://youtu.be/zuGGzftNBMc "Neuroinflammation, tACS, tDCS and SMR" https://youtu.be/h1zryEossTM "Ruth Lanius Interview: PTSD, Emotions, and More with Sebern Fisher and Jay Gunkelman" https://youtu.be/sANme28BCZE "QEEG vs SPECT Scan? Snippet from NeuroNoodle Neurofeedback Podcast" https://youtu.be/HWJ-4raVDz0 --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/neuronoodle/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/neuronoodle/support

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.12.19.520902v1?rss=1 Authors: Gallagher, D. C., Matsumoto, K., Ohta, S. Abstract: A wealth of correlational evidence suggests that Broca's area (the left inferior frontal gyrus) plays a role in second language acquisition. With the use of highly focal non-invasive brain stimulation, evidence for a targeted brain region's causal role in some cognitive behavior can be assessed. Over three sessions, each one week apart, we used online anodal high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) over Broca's area during a novel foreign grammar training session. During training, participants who were naive to Spanish were tasked with acquiring present tense conjugation rules for the three Spanish verb endings. In Session 1, we observed significant improvement in performance in two linguistic (reception and production) tasks but not in a non-linguistic (working memory) task. Sessions 2 and 3 were subject to a ceiling effect, which obscured any potentially long-lasting effects of the stimulation. We interpret these results as support for the idea that Broca's area has languagelike specificity that is not limited to receptive or productive processes and as evidence that Broca's area plays a causal role in foreign grammar acquisition. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.12.12.520071v1?rss=1 Authors: Grigoreva, A., Gorin, A., Klyuchnikov, V., Shestakova, A. Abstract: The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on cognitive function are not always predictable based on the direction of the current and therefore remain widely debated. Contrary to the optimism of studies using transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) over the motor cortex, cognitive domain research demonstrates great ambiguity and diversity of stimulation-related effects. Here, we investigated such a controversial impact of tDCS over the posterior medial prefrontal cortex in a monetary incentive delay (MID) task with which one can study reward-based learning or reward processing a. We found that in tMID) task where subject anticipated small or big losses in different monetary contexts, cathodal stimulation suppressed plastic changes in sensory auditory P2 event-related potential and increased feedback-related negativity (FRN) implicated in reward-prediction error processing thus revealing multidirectional effect of tDCS in the same subject group performing the same experimental task. Our finding of multidirectionality of tDCS compromise the use of tES as a ready-to-use method to test brain causality in the neurocognitive events of high complexity such as decision-making. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.11.23.517774v1?rss=1 Authors: Nikolin, S., Martin, D., Loo, C., Boonstra, T. W. Abstract: Background: The effects of tDCS at the prefrontal cortex are often investigated using cognitive paradigms, particularly working memory tasks. However, the neural basis for the neuromodulatory cognitive effects of tDCS, including which subprocesses are affected by stimulation, is not completely understood. Aims: We investigated the effects of tDCS on working memory task-related spectral activity during and after tDCS to gain better insights into the neurophysiological changes associated with stimulation. Methods: We reanalysed data from 100 healthy participants grouped by allocation to receive either Sham (0 mA, 0.016 mA, and 0.034 mA) or Active (1 mA or 2 mA) stimulation during a 3-back task. Electroencephalography (EEG) data was used to analyse event-related spectral power in frequency bands associated with working memory performance. Results: Frontal theta event-related synchronisation (ERS) was significantly reduced post-tDCS in the active group. Participants receiving active tDCS had slower response times following tDCS compared to Sham, suggesting interference with practice effects associated with task repetition. Theta ERS was not significantly correlated with response times or accuracy. Conclusions: tDCS reduced frontal theta ERS post-stimulation, suggesting a selective disruption to working memory cognitive control and maintenance processes. These findings suggest that tDCS selectively affects specific subprocesses during working memory, which may explain heterogenous behavioural effects. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.11.22.517546v1?rss=1 Authors: Xu, S., Gallivan, J., Blohm, G. Abstract: Recent neural and behavioural findings provide support that the medial intraparietal sulcus (mIPS) and dorsal premotor (PMd) activity reflect aspects of a kinematic plan for reaching movements. However, it is unclear how these two regions differentially contribute to reach planning. Here, we used high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS; 4 x 1 electrode placement; 2 mA for 20 min; 3 cm radius) to investigate the functional roles of mIPS and PMd in the left hemisphere of humans. We examined the changes in endpoint error in reaching task with different initial hand positions and different target locations spanning both visual hemi-fields. Participants completed the task with (stimulation, post-stimulation) and without stimulation (pre-stimulation) of individually fMRI-localized cortical areas mIPS and PMd. We found a significant interaction effect between initial hand position (IHP) and target position on the difference in horizontal endpoint error after cathodal left mIPS stimulation and significant IHP and target position main effects after cathodal left PMd stimulation, suggesting that IHP and target position are not yet integrated into a movement vector at the input of the mIPS, but are integrated in the input of PMd. Hence, these findings reveal a distinction between mIPS and PMd in the stages of movement vector formation for reaching movements and indicate that HD-tDCS is a viable method for perturbing localized cortical activity to elucidate localized cortical function. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.11.22.517479v1?rss=1 Authors: Aloi, D., Jalali, R., Calzolari, S., Lafanechere, M., Miall, R. C., Fernandez-Espejo, D. Abstract: Background: Therapeutic options for patients with prolonged disorder of consciousness (PDOC) are limited. PDOC patients often exhibit a dissociation between their retained level of (covert) cognitive ability and their (overt) behavioural responses (cognitive-motor dissociation; CMD). This is linked to reduced coupling between thalamus and the primary motor cortex. Objective: To assess whether pairing tDCS with a concurrent passive mobilisation protocol (designed to be feasible in PDOC) can influence thalamo-M1 dynamics and whether these changes are enhanced after multiple stimulation sessions. Methods: We used Dynamic Causal Modelling (DCM) on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 22 healthy participants to assess tDCS changes on effective connectivity within motor network areas during command-following. Results: We found that a single anodal tDCS session (paired with passive mobilisation of the thumb) decreased self-inhibition in the motor cortex, with five sessions further enhancing this effect. In addition, anodal tDCS increased thalamo-M1 excitation as compared to cathodal stimulation, with the effects maintained after 5 sessions. In turn, cathodal tDCS had opposing effects on these connections after one session but became more similar to anodal after 5. Conclusions: Together, our results suggest that pairing anodal tDCS with passive mobilisation across multiple sessions may facilitate behavioural command-following in PDOC patients with CMD. More broadly, they offer a mechanistic window into the neural underpinnings of the cumulative effects of multi-session tDCS. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.11.22.517490v1?rss=1 Authors: Bello, U. M., Wang, J., Park, A. S., Tan, K. W., Cheung, B. W., Thompson, B. B., Cheong, A. M. Abstract: Objective: Multiple studies have explored the use of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) to enhance visual function. These studies vary in sample size, outcome measures, and NIBS methodology. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to assess the effects of NIBS on visual functions in human participants with normal vision. Methods: We followed the PRISMA guidelines, and a review protocol was registered with PROSPERO before study commencement (CRD42021255882). We searched Embase, Medline, PsychInfo, PubMed, OpenGrey and Web of Science using relevant keywords. The search covered the period from 1st January 2000 until 1st September 2021. Comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software was used for quantitative analysis. Results: Forty-nine studies were included, of which 19 were included in a meta-analysis (38.8%). Meta-analysis indicated acute (Hedges's g=0.232, 95% CI: 0.023-0.442, p=0.029) and aftereffects (0.590, 95% CI: 0.182-0.998, p=0.005) of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES, including three different stimulation protocols) on contrast sensitivity. Visual evoked potential (VEP) amplitudes were significantly enhanced immediately after tES (0.383, 95% CI: 0.110-0.665, p=0.006). Both tES (0.563, 95% CI: 0.230 to 0.896, p=0.001) and anodal-transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) alone (0.655, 95% CI: 0.273 to 1.038, p=0.001) reduced crowding in peripheral vision. The effects of NIBS on visual acuity, motion perception and reaction time were not statistically significant. Conclusions: There are significant effects of visual cortex NIBS on contrast sensitivity, VEP amplitude, an index of cortical excitability, and crowding among normally sighted individuals. Future studies with robust experimental designs are needed to substantiate these findings in populations with vision loss. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.09.30.510216v1?rss=1 Authors: Shoaib, Z., Chang, W. K., Lee, J., Lee, S. H., Phillips, Z., Lee, S. H., Paik, N.-J., Hwang, H.-J., Kim, W.-S. Abstract: Background: Cerebellar brain inhibition (CBI), a neural connection between the cerebellum and primary motor cortex (M1), has been researched as a target pathway for neuromodulation to improve clinical outcomes in various neurological diseases. However, conflicting results of anodal cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (acb-tDCS) on M1 excitability indicate that additional investigation is required to examine its precise effect. Objective/Hypothesis: This study aimed to gather evidence of the neuromodulatory effect of acb-tDCS on the M1 using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods: Sixteen healthy participants were included in this cross-over study. Participants received real and sham acb-tDCS in a random order, with a minimum one-week washout period between them. The anode and cathode were placed on the right cerebellum and the right buccinator muscle, respectively. Stimulation lasted 20 min at an intensity of 2 mA, and fNIRS data were recorded for 42 min (including a 4 min baseline before stimulation and an 18 min post-stimulation duration) using eight channels attached bilaterally on the M1. Results: acb-tDCS induced a significant decrease in oxyhemoglobin (HbO) concentration (inhibitory effect) in the left (contralateral) M1, whereas it induced a significant increase in HbO concentration (excitatory effect) in the right (ipsilateral) M1 compared to sham tDCS during (p less than 0.05) and after stimulation (p less than 0.01) in a group level analysis. At the individual level, variations in the response to acb-tDCS were observed. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the neuromodulatory effects of acb-tDCS on the bilateral M1 in terms of neuronal hemodynamics. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by PaperPlayer

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.09.27.509681v1?rss=1 Authors: Calzolari, S., Jalali, R., Fernandez-Espejo, D. Abstract: The exact mechanisms behind the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) at a network level are still poorly understood, with most studies to date focusing on local (cortical) effects and changes in motor-evoked potentials or BOLD signal. Here, we explored stationary and dynamic effective connectivity across the motor network at rest in two experiments where we applied tDCS over the primary motor cortex (M1-tDCS) or the cerebellum (cb-tDCS) respectively. Two cohorts of healthy volunteers (n = 21 and n = 22) received anodal, cathodal, and sham tDCS sessions (counterbalanced) during 20 minutes of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We used spectral Dynamic Causal Modelling (DCM) and hierarchical Parametrical Empirical Bayes (PEB) to analyse data after (compared to a pre-tDCS baseline) and during stimulation. We also implemented a novel dynamic (sliding windows) DCM/PEB approach to model the nature of network reorganisation across time. In both experiments we found widespread effects of tDCS that extended beyond the targeted area and modulated effective connectivity between cortex, thalamus, and cerebellum. These changes were characterised by unique nonlinear temporal fingerprints across connections and polarities. Our results challenged the classic notion of anodal and cathodal tDCS as excitatory and inhibitory respectively, as well as the idea of a cumulative effect of tDCS over time. Instead, they described a rich set of changes with specific spatial and temporal patterns. Our work provides a starting point for advancing our understanding of network-level tDCS effects and optimise its cognitive and clinical applications. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by PaperPlayer

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.09.12.507591v1?rss=1 Authors: Shinde, A., Mohapatra, S., Schlaug, G. Abstract: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can noninvasively modulate behavior, cognition, and brain functions depending on polarity and dose of the stimulation as well as electrode montage. Concurrent tDCS-fMRI presents a novel way to explore the parameter space of non-invasive brain stimulation and to inform if a targeted brain region or a network of spatially distributed brain regions are engaged. In this study, a multi-electrode montage targeting nodal regions of the Arcuate Fasciculus Network (AFN) was compared to a single electrode montage and a no-stimulation control condition. Machine learning methods were applied to classify rs-fMRI data with the help of dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) values into three different categories achieving an overall accuracy of 92% with the highest obtained for multi-electrode condition. The top 5 ROI pairs contributing towards the classification were identified using model performance parameters and were mainly within the right AFN. A proof-of-concept real-time feedback system to identify AFN engagement using DFC values to predict accuracy of stimulation electrode placement is proposed. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by PaperPlayer

Sources for tDCS: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.849820/full https://neuronewsinternational.com/randomised-data-support-use-of-tdcs-in-parkinsons-patients-with-pisa-syndrome/ https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/psychiatry/specialty_areas/brain_stimulation/tdcs.html Sources for SCS: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/fda-approves-abbotts-new-spinal-cord-stimulation-device-provides-tailored-relief-to-multiple-pain-areas-and-adds-more-treatment-options-for-evolving-pain-conditions-301610549.html https://www.fiercebiotech.com/medtech/abbott-proclaims-fda-approval-neurostimulator-treat-pain-six-areas-once Sources for BCI's: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-future-brain/202208/first-human-us-implant-synchron-brain-computer-interface https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/brain-computer-interface https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2862632/#:~:text=The%20most%20common%20example%20of,without%20using%20conventional%20neuromuscular%20pathways.

In this installment, we discuss a new venture into the realm of online game streaming. Cl4ywell reached affiliate status on Twitch and has begun streaming on a regular schedule. We also discussed the idea and application behind tDCS technology. We bounce from topic to topic and land on a hypothetical from The Pig that Wants to be Eaten on this, the eve of our 50th episode!      Music: Parasail by Silent Partner obtained via YouTube Audio Library Logo by Jason Baker Download or Subscribe: https://twominds.podbean.com Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2ADLFr6mADZ79E4ox1Ba1Q twomindspodcast@gmail.com Twitter:  @twomindspodcast Facebook:  https://www.facebook.com/groups/twomindspodcast

Learn a new language faster than ever! Leave doubt in the dust! Be a better sniper! Could you do all that and more with just a zap to the noggin? Maybe. Back in the early 2010s, Sally Adee, then an editor at New Scientist Magazine, went to a DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) conference and heard about a way to speed up learning with something called trans-cranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). A couple of years later, Sally found herself wielding an M4 assault rifle to pick off simulated enemy combatants with a battery wired to her temple. But that got then-producer Soren Wheeler thinking about this burgeoning world of electroceuticals, and if real, what limits will it reach. For this episode, first aired back in 2014, we brought in Michael Weisend, then a neuroscientist at Wright State Research Institute, to tell us how it works (Bonus: you get to hear Jad get his brain zapped). And sat down with Peter Reiner and Nick Fitz, then at the University of British Columbia, to help us think through the consequences of a world where anyone with 20 dollars and access to a circuit board and a soldering iron, can make their own brain zapper. And then checked-in again to hear about the unexpected after-effects a day of super-charged sniper training can have on one mild-mannered science journalist. Episode credits: Reported by Sally Adee and Soren WheelerOriginal music by Brian Carpenter's Ghost Train Orchestra Our newsletter comes out every Wednesday. It includes short essays, recommendations, and details about other ways to interact with the show. Sign up (https://radiolab.org/newsletter)! Radiolab is supported by listeners like you. Support Radiolab by becoming a member of The Lab (https://members.radiolab.org/) today.Follow our show on Instagram, Twitter and Facebook @radiolab, and share your thoughts with us by emailing radiolab@wnyc.org.

Neuropsychologists, Dr. Laura Jansons Dr. Skip Hrin, Neurofeedback legend Jay Gunkelman AND Tech Whiz Santiago Brand answer listener questions as well as: SMR tDCS tASC Sleep Disorders Lifestyle Choices Holistic approaches to neurofeedback Youtube: https://youtu.be/h1zryEossTM We thank our Patreon Supporters: https://www.patreon.com/NeuroNoodleFeatured Business: Outrageous Baking, Tor Talk, Joshua M of Alternative Behavioral Therapy, and Welcome new business supporter Micah of Amazing Brains! https://www.outrageousbaking.com/ https://tortalk.se/?lang=en https://neurofeedbackcare.com/ https://www.amazingbrains.com/ "EEG and Me". "Sandhya M", "Johnathan January-Turrall", "Rowan January-Turrall" and "Loretta T" Have an idea for a topic or guest? pete@neuronoodle.com Jansons.com DrSkipHrin.com Links of items discussed/shown on the show: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lungfish https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torpedo_(genus) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_eel https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/psychiatry/specialty_areas/brain_stimulation/tdcs.html https://neuromodec.org/what-is-transcranial-alternating-current-stimulation-tacs/ https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/transcranial-magnetic-stimulation/about/pac-20384625 https://www.bfe.org/joel.html https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/mu-rhythm https://sleepeducation.org/patients/multiple-sleep-latency-test/ https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/facts.html https://www.amazon.com/Isnt-Brain-Working-Revolutionary-Understanding/dp/0985690437? https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/donna-jackson-nakazawa-author-of-the-angel-and/id1537847407?i=1000539334377 --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/neuronoodle/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/neuronoodle/support

In this guest episode, Jeffrey Hausdorff and Nathan Morelli speak about transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), its mechanisms of action, current application in research, and where the field is going in the future. In this discussion, we cover many topics which will give you insight into this area of brain stimulation. We begin with the basics of tDCS from its historic origins and therapy fundamentals. Our discussion then progresses to a deep-dive inside some of Prof. Hausdorff's most recent works in collaboration with many world renowned researchers in neurodegenerative disease – notably including recent findings in using tDCS to mitigate freezing of gait in patients with Parkinson's disease. We close with a look into the future of tDCS in research and clinical practice. Given Prof. Hausdorff's expertise there are few people in the world more qualified to speak on Parkinson's disease and non-invasive brain stimulation. As such, it is our immense privilege to present this interview to you.

In this episode, Claudia explains why women have the opportunity to unleash their true superpower by optimizing their life, schedule, and activities according to the 4 phases of the female biorhythm. By understanding the benefits that each biorhythm phase brings, Claudia wants to empower women to structure their lives so that they can be at their best and watch their superpowers unfold. This episode is for women and men alike - because every man knows at least one woman who can benefit from this information too! So go ahead and share this episode with all those - male and female alike - who need to hear it! In this episode, Claudia covers: Why women are burning out trying to emulate the monthly male modal of functioning, Why women have been and continue to largely be omitted from scientific research, Breaking down the 4 female biorhythm phases, uncovering each superpower and how to apply them, And more! Please enjoy! -- If you enjoyed this episode and would like to learn more about optimizing your health and your life, and/or work with me as your Coach, message me on Instagram @longevityandlifestyle or email hello@longevity-and-lifestyle.com to discuss further. As always, choose to live well!   --- This episode is brought to you by LIFTiD Neurostimulation device! If you want to improve your memory, focus, and performance in just 20 minutes a day, this is the device for you. LIFTID is a neuroscientist-developed device that you wear like a headband on your forehead. It's lightweight, comfortable, and easy to use, and, best of all, there are no wires, just plug 'n play. LIFTID uses tDCS technology - which essentially is a mild electric current - to stimulate targeted areas of the brain for enhanced function. Who's it for? From busy professionals looking to up their performance, to university students, gamers, musicians, and athletes - to people aged 55+ wanting to maintain memory, LIFTID's easy-to-wear device can improve your performance in just 20 minutes a day. And now for you, my dear listeners - you can get 10% off when you go to GetLiftid.com today and enter the discount code - LIFESTYLE10. So check out GetLiftid.com today and start lifting your performance! 

Estimulação transcraniana é uma técnica terapêutica que consiste em produzir correntes elétricas em regiões específicas do cérebro para tratar problemas neurológicos ou psiquiátricos tais como dor crônica, depressão, fibromialgia, entre outros. O efeito terapêutico da eletricidade é conhecido desde a antiguidade quando descargas de peixes elétricos eram usadas para aliviar a dor. Modernamente a estimulação transcraniana ocorre pela aplicação direta da corrente usando eletrodos no escalpo (tDCS e tACS) ou usando campos magnéticos (TMS) e é uma área intensa de pesquisa. Neste programa, o médico anestesista e diretor do Laboratório de Dor e Neuromodulação do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Wolnei Caumo (Departamento de Cirurgia, FAMED/UFRGS), conversa com Marco Idiart (Depto Física, IF/UFRGS) sobre as pesquisas realizadas em seu laboratório sobre esta linha terapêutica. Produção e edição: Marco Idiart Créditos da Imagem: Pixabay

In this episode of Psych Matters, Professor Colleen Loo and Dr Brett Simpson discuss Electro Convulsive Therapy.Professor Colleen Loo is a clinical psychiatrist and Professor of Psychiatry at the University of New South Wales, Sydney; Australia. She is an internationally recognised clinical expert and researcher in the field of ECT, ketamine and novel brain stimulation treatments (rTMS, tDCS) for depression. Her research spans laboratory neuroscience, clinical research and clinical trials. She has contributed to Australian and international treatment guidelines and policy. Dr Brett Simpson is an old-age psychiatrist practicing in Sydney. He has extensive clinical experience in ECT and directs both a public and private ECT service. He is a member of the NSW ECT working party responsible for the production and revision of the NSW ECT Minimum Standards. He has taught ECT courses for more than 10 years.Links:Gold Coast Health video  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEot7ow3yfkFeedback:If you have a topic suggestion or would like to participate in a future episode of Psych Matters, we'd love to hear from you.Please contact us by email at: psychmatters.feedback@ranzcp.orgDisclaimer:This podcast is provided to you for information purposes only and to provide a broad public understanding of various mental health topics.  The podcast may represent the views of the author and not necessarily the views of The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists ('RANZCP'). The podcast is not to be relied upon as medical advice, or as a substitute for medical advice, does not establish a doctor-patient relationship and should not be a substitute for individual clinical judgement.  By accessing The RANZCP's podcasts you also agree to the full terms and conditions of the RANZCP's Website. Expert mental health information and finding a psychiatrist in Australian or New Zealand is available on the RANZCP's Your Health In Mind Website.

Tarek Rajji, MD shares research from current trials combining brain stimulation with interventions including cognitive remediation. Series: "Stein Institute for Research on Aging" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 37598]

Tarek Rajji, MD, shares research from current trials combining brain stimulation with interventions including cognitive remediation. Series: "Stein Institute for Research on Aging" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 37598]

Tarek Rajji, MD, shares research from current trials combining brain stimulation with interventions including cognitive remediation. Series: "Stein Institute for Research on Aging" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 37598]

Tarek Rajji, MD, shares research from current trials combining brain stimulation with interventions including cognitive remediation. Series: "Stein Institute for Research on Aging" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 37598]

Tarek Rajji, MD, shares research from current trials combining brain stimulation with interventions including cognitive remediation. Series: "Stein Institute for Research on Aging" [Health and Medicine] [Show ID: 37598]

Today's guest is Dr. Julia Mirer, MD. Julia received her medical degree from Ross University and was in her 2nd year of Pediatric Residency in Harlem, NY when she realized that she was not buying what she was selling.  Seeing the pitfalls of the current healthcare system, she decided to shift gears to explore Transformative Medicine where she has found her calling in advocacy and education.  Dr. Mirer is a Consultant in the emerging field of Psychedelic Medicine, serving as a bridge between Eastern and Western practices, committed to merging the two in order to help create a new paradigm for integrative health and wellness.  In this episode we dig into: What microdosing is and what benefits people across the spectrum from entrepreneurs, hedge funders, as well as therapy patients, are seeing The profound impact of educating doctors on this new type of therapy, Acting as a bridge between Eastern and Western practices, Favorite quotes and advice, Morning routines, And much more. Before we begin, please hit SUBSCRIBE and consider leaving a comment below to let me know what you liked and what you would like to hear more of! You can also reach out to me on Instagram @longevityandlifestyle! Please enjoy!   -- This episode is brought to you by LIFTiD Neurostimulation device! If you want to improve your memory, focus, and performance in just 20 minutes a day, this is the device for you. LIFTID is a neuroscientist-developed device that you wear like a headband on your forehead. It's lightweight, comfortable, and easy to use, and, best of all, there are no wires, just plug 'n play. LIFTID uses tDCS technology - which essentially is a mild electric current - to stimulate targeted areas of the brain for enhanced function. Who's it for? From busy professionals looking to up their performance, to university students, gamers, musicians, and athletes - to people aged 55+ wanting to maintain memory, LIFTID's easy-to-wear device can improve your performance in just 20 minutes a day. And now for you, my dear listeners - you can get 10% off when you go to GetLiftid.com today and enter the discount code - LIFESTYLE10. So check out GetLiftid.com today and start lifting your performance!   

tDCS is a new treatment now available through TMS Clinics Australia. It can help some patients access treatment in the comfort of their own home - but it isn't the same as TMS, and may not be suitable for everyone. In this episode the panellists discuss tDCS.

In this episode's off-topic section, Troll Knife talks about flying Tiny Whoop FPV drones. They are tiny and they are awesome. Flip Sw1tch then squeezes into some leather pants and gets deep into simulation theory and artificial intelligence. He's not usually qualified to talk about any of those topics but he took his nootropics, shocked his brain with tDCS and he LOVES The Matrix.   Off-top Links and References: French FPV Drones FPV Meme Tiny Whoop Tiny Whoop YouTube Drone Racing League World's Most Humble Man's YT   Content: The Matrix Trailer The Matrix vs. Allegory of the Cave The Simulation Argument Wait but Why: The AI Revolution Vox's The Matrix: a trans experience.   Follow Us: All of our links! Facebook Instagram Sponsor: Best Maps Ever

In this episode's off-topic section, we discuss tDCS aka Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation aka "9-volt nirvana” and how it relates to flow states before Josh dives into his favorite Metroidvania game Hollow Knight from Team Cherry. Once again, we are not neuroscientists, cognitive psychologists, brain researchers or experts on anything really (except Contentology, the self-conjured "study" of content) but we do advocate the responsible self-experimentation of applying electrical currents to your head.   Off-top Links and References: tDCS for Epilepsy 9-Volt Nirvana on Radiolab tDCS Electrode Placement Montage Guide Brett's tDCS Josh's tDCS Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi TED Talk on Flow Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs The Rise of Superman Book How to Change Your Mind Book John Hopkins Center for Psychedelic & Consciousness Research Content: Hollow Knight Website Hollow Knight Release Trailer The Making of Hollow Knight Article Follow Us: All of our links! Facebook Instagram Sponsor: Best Maps Ever

If you could, would you boost that mushy thing inside your head? Seems like a no-brainer. (Get it?) Two weeks ago, Note to Self launched a potentially endless line of questioning about improving our bodies and lives with tech. We started with health trackers and the double-edged sword that is quantifying everything. But while there are a lot of tools out there that claim to train your brain, there are some now that their developers say will change it. That's right, Manoush plays lab rat just for you (and also to find out what happens when you combine a little bit of neuroscience with digital gadgetry). Warning: parts of this episode get weird. Like, didn't-we-leave-these-days-behind-in-college weird. But in a good way, we promise. via GIPHY People use tons of methods to stimulate and relax their brains. Yes, coffee counts, and so does a glass of wine or prescription drugs. There are also meditation apps and biofeedback devices. But what happens when such stimulants are considered "technology," with all the funding and testing and marketing that entails? Maybe you've heard about the military testing trans-cranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), to increase target accuracy and focus. Or maybe you know someone who experiments with 9-volt batteries at home. Yes, people do this — including our friends at Radiolab who did a fun episode about this a little while back. But Thync, the gadget that Manoush uses in this week's episode, could be the first time tDCS goes mainstream (here's the study we referenced in the podcast). It's a little headset that wraps around your ear, and then you stick a white, potato chip-looking-thing to your forehead. You can buy it on Amazon right now.  Still, even though you theoretically could buy a Thync for yourself, there is an important question to be asked: should you? Come on, this thing is strapped to your head—we've seen enough science fiction movies to know that can be a horrible idea. via GIPHY The FDA isn't testing these things because they're technically considered "lifestyle products," but we got a medical assessment just to be safe. He said, sure, the brain is complex, and the device's methods are pretty crude, but there's no scientific evidence to suggest that something like Thync could have long-term adverse effects. The real question here: Could your longstanding date night with that tall glass of Cabernet be over? via GIPHY On this week's episode, you'll meet Isy Goldwasser, the co-founder and Chief Thyncing Officer of Thync. You'll also hear from Roy Hamilton, who directs the lab for cognition and neural stimulation at the University of Pennsylvania. And, as always, you'll get the scoop from Manoush, who has some really special reactions to Thync's technology. LISTEN: We try to boost our brains using wearable technology. Things get weird. https://t.co/u98JZuBqaDhttps://t.co/RP5eR1NzNi — Note to Self (@NoteToSelf) March 29, 2016 Subscribe to Note to Self on iTunes, Stitcher, TuneIn, I Heart Radio, Pocket Casts or anywhere else using our RSS feed.

Recently, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) or the non-invasive targeting of weak direct current (DC) to specific brain regions has received media attention. Among the scientific research community, tDCS has been a subject of great interest owing to its usage ease, relative inexpensiveness, and encouraging research results on a range of functions. Studies have seen tDCS accelerate learning, reduce symptoms of dementia, and improve attention in those with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). Understandably, a coinciding rise in the DIY community has also prompted an increase in consumer devices available for home use in hopes of mimicking tDCS's potential neuroenhancement ...

It's a high energy show for Episode 137 this week. Charlie is in rare form as he and Ginny race through their thoughts on trans-cranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), starting their own secret society and how to keep it secret, and a review of three exciting gins from Few Spirits. They end with a song that has been extremely popular in their house this week and a look forward to an eventful week. Download, plug in, and don't forget your fancy mask!