Podcasts about beijing institute

Chinese universities are accelerating efforts to integrate education with artificial intelligence, with more AI colleges opening to cultivate interdisciplinary talent and more general AI courses and textbooks introduced.中国高校正加速推进教育与人工智能融合，通过成立更多的人工智能学院来培养复合型人才，并引入更多的人工智能通识课程和教材。Tsinghua University, one of China's top schools, recently announced it will increase its undergraduate admissions by about 150 students this year and establish a new undergraduate college for general AI education. The students will enroll in the new program, which aims to integrate AI across multiple disciplines.近日，清华大学作为中国顶尖学府之一，宣布2025年将增加约150名本科生招生名额，并成立新的本科书院发展人工智能通识教育。新增本科生将进入新成立的书院学习。该项目旨在将人工智能与多学科交叉融合。The initiative pools academic resources from various fields, seeking to develop students with a solid foundation in AI, high proficiency in AI technologies and strong innovative capabilities, the university said. The move is part of Tsinghua's efforts to advance AI-related professional training and support China's push for high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening, according to Xinhua News Agency.清华大学表示，这一项目汇聚各领域的学术资源，将培养具有深厚人工智能素养、熟练掌握人工智能技术、具备突出创新能力的学生。据新华社报道，清华正深入推进人工智能相关专业人才培养，以期为中国高水平科技自立自强提供有力支撑，该项目就是其中的一部分。As AI rapidly evolves, reshaping education and driving socioeconomic development, the need for individuals with comprehensive AI knowledge and skills is becoming increasingly urgent.人工智能的快速发展正在重塑教育、推动社会经济发展，对具备综合人工智能知识技能的人才的需求越来越迫切。Wang Xuenan, deputy director at the Digital Education Research Institute of the China National Academy of Educational Sciences, told China Central Television the number of students majoring in AI was estimated at more than 40,000 last year, yet "the number still falls far short of the needs of the industry."中国教育科学研究院数字教育研究所副所长王学男在接受中央电视台采访时表示，2024年人工智能专业的学生大概是4万多人，但“这一数字仍远远不能满足行业的需求”。Market consultancy McKinsey& Company estimates that China will need 6 million professionals with proficient AI knowledge by 2030.市场咨询公司麦肯锡估计，到2030年，中国对人工智能专业人才的需求预计将达到600万。In November 2023, a talent training initiative on collaborative research in general AI was jointly launched by the Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence, Peking University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and 13 other leading universities. Zhu Songchun, director of the Beijing institute and dean of the School of Intelligent Science and Technology at Peking University, told Guangming Daily that the plan will leverage the resources of these universities to create a training system that seamlessly connects undergraduate and doctoral education.2023年11月，北京通用人工智能研究院、北京大学、上海交通大学及其他13所顶尖高校共同启动“通用人工智能协同攻关合作体人才培养计划”。北京通用人工智能研究院、北京大学智能学院院长朱松纯告诉《光明日报》，该计划将利用这些高校的资源，打造通用人工智能本博贯通的培养体系。In September last year, Nankai University and Tianjin University introduced a general AI course through a massive open online course, or MOOC, targeting more than 100,000 undergraduates in Tianjin. The course covers AI's basic principles and history while exploring cutting-edge generative AI models and their applications in healthcare, intelligent manufacturing and autonomous driving, according to Xu Zhen, director of the department of higher education at the Tianjin Municipal Education Commission.2024年9月，南开大学和天津大学通过大型开放在线课程平台慕课，推出了一门人工智能通识课程，面向天津10万余名本科生。天津市教育委员会高等教育处处长徐震表示，该课程涵盖人工智能的基本原理和发展历程，同时探讨生成式人工智能模型等前沿技术及其在医疗、智能制造、自动驾驶等领域的应用。Zhejiang University announced in March that it will lead an upgrade of the "AI plus X" micro program in collaboration with Fudan University, Nanjing University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and the University of Science and Technology of China. The country's first micro program integrating AI with other disciplines, it aims to bridge technology with fields such as humanities, social sciences, agriculture, medicine and engineering.3月，浙江大学宣布将联合复旦大学、南京大学、上海交通大学、中国科学技术大学，牵头升级“AI+X”微专业。这是全国首个将人工智能与其他学科相结合的微专业，旨在搭建技术与人文、社科、农业、医学、工程等领域的桥梁。interdisciplinaryadj.学科间的，跨学科的enrollv.（使）加入；招（生）seamlesslyadv.顺利地；连续地collaborationn.合作；协作

Segment 1 : Post-US elections discussion Segment 2 : Foreign reaction to post-election results and U.S. Foreign policy implications  Segment 3 : U.S.-China competition Rachael Rudolph Biography Dr. Rachael M. Rudolph currently serves as an Assistant Professor of Social Science and researcher for a joint program between Bryant University and the Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai Campus, China. She is also an Adjunct Professor of Counterterrorism at Nichols College in the United States. Asia has been her home for more than ten years, with China as her base since 2018. Between 2002 and 2013, Dr. Rudolph focused on counterterrorism, mobilization of violent and non-violent actors, refugees, and human rights in the MENA region. Her fieldwork during this period took her to the United Kingdom, Germany, Russia, Jordan, Palestine, Israel, Egypt, Morocco, and Saudi Arabia. From 2014 to 2017, she focused primarily on Indo-Pacific region. Her projects during these years included strategic security in ASEAN, human trafficking, drug trafficking, the conflict in Myanmar, and North Korea. While based in Thailand, her fieldwork took her to Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, India, South Korea, and Nigeria. Since moving to Zhuhai, China in 2018, her research has largely focused on U.S.-China military and security cooperation and China's engagement with the Global South. She is presently working on a new book titled “The Nexus: Human Insecurity, Symbolic Violence and Power Politics in Chad, Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger,” while also working on a range of other projects encompassing the green transition, social instability, and AI governance and education across the Global South.

Join Trish and Rob for a conversation with... Marcus Anthony is an associate professor who teaches Futures Studies at the College for Global Talents, part of the Beijing Institute of Technology. He is a futurist, a life coach, and a writer. He investigates deep futures – profound, meaningful, and sustainable visions of tomorrow. Some specific futures Dr. Anthony focuses on include human and artificial intelligence, mindfulness, technology and the future, and consciousness studies. He is the author of Power & Presence: Reclaiming Your Authentic Self in a Digitized World and Discover Your Soul Template: 14 Steps for Awakening Integrated Intelligence. He lives in the city of Zhuhai in southern China. We met Marcus 11 or 12 years ago online when he came to our synchronicity blog, and we interviewed him for one of his first books.

Die Smogbilder haben viele im Kopf, wenn es um China geht: dichte, schmutzig-gelbe Dunstglocken, die sich über ganze Landstriche und durch die chinesischen Metropolen ziehen. Menschen mit Masken, Einschränkungen im Alltag, Gefahren für die Gesundheit. Aber die Luftqualität in China hat sich in den letzten Jahren stark verbessert. Wie ist das gelungen? Welche politischen und wirtschaftlichen Maßnahmen haben dazu beigetragen? Und warum ist es trotzdem noch nicht so, wie es sein sollte? Dazu befragt Host Joyce Lee die ehemaligen und aktuellen ARD-Korrespondenten in Beijing, Axel Dorloff und Benjamin Eyssel. Außerdem analysieren Ma Jun vom Beijing Institute of Public & Environmental Affairs (IPE) und Chengcheng Qiu vom Center for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA) die Entwicklung der Luftverschmutzung in China und skizzieren die wichtigsten Herausforderungen für die Zukunft. Bei Anregungen, Lob und Kritik könnt ihr uns gerne schreiben: weltmachtchina@rbb-online.de

A group of aspiring young students recently returned from an enriching Technical Summer School in China, where they gained experience in and knowledge of the latest technological advancements, global innovation, and cultural exchange. The summer school project, in collaboration with Chinese universities, was organised by the School of Computer Science in TU Dublin in association with Huawei Ireland. Each of the four female students who participated received a €1,000 scholarship from Huawei to support their study in China and further studies in STEM subjects. The aim of the project is to provide the students with a cross-cultural and interdisciplinary experience. Visiting the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) and the Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) the programme included both STEM study (Robots, AI and Future Technology at UESTC and Materials for Renewable Energy at BIT), and Chinese language and culture courses. The students were also had the chance for cultural visits in Beijing and Chengdu. Speaking about the programme, Baolin Liang, PR Manager, Huawei Ireland, said: "We believe that exposing students to global perspectives in technology is key to shaping the innovators of tomorrow. This experience not only enhances technical skills but also encourages students to think beyond borders and collaborate on a global scale. I spoke to the students and they all found that this programme was very beneficial and particularly enjoyed learning about China and its culture." One of the students who travelled to Beijing, Gráinne Bannister, added: "As a third-year undergraduate student, I was extremely happy to learn about career opportunities and particularly the career experience of a female expert in Huawei. I feel that I really benefited from the visit to the Beijing Institute of Technology and now believe there is a strong future for female students who have concentrated on STEM subjects." Last week, the students visited Huawei's office in Dublin where they attended information sessions to learn about recent developments and trends in technology, and they also received some career development advice from the experts.

From tech-driven success stories to AI-powered business models and China's e-commerce revolution, it is always exciting to analyze the factors that are propelling China's as well as the world's economic development.Today, Niu Honglin talks with Li Dongni, Associate Professor at Beijing Institute of Technology, and Daniel Barbosa, a Brazilian student at Yenching Academy, Peking University. They discuss how new quality productive forces, AI, and e-commerce are driving industry upgrades, with inspiring stories of technological advancements and AI-powered success.

Double checkpoint blockade using a single bispecific agent could become the new standard for treating advanced gastric cancer regardless of PD-L1 status, according to research reported at the AACR Annual Meeting 2024. The investigational bispecific antibody drug cadonilimab (used with chemotherapy) significantly extended life and delayed disease progression among patients with HER2-negative advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancers reported from Chinese investigators. The first author of the report, Jiafu Ji, MD, PhD, DrPH, FACS, FRCS, Fellow of the Chinese Academy of Medical Science, as well as Professor and Chief of the Gastrointestinal Cancer Center at Peking University Cancer Hospital and the Beijing Institute for Cancer Research in China, called into the Oncology Times office at AACR after his talk to discuss his team's findings with Peter Goodwin, an OncTimesTalk correspondent.

"Nowadays, artificial intelligence has become the pinnacle of the current technological and industrial development," says Professor Li Dongni of the School of Computer Science, Beijing Institute of Technology. As a scientific researcher and deputy of the Beijing Municipal People's Congress, AI has been a major focus of her teaching, research, and policy suggestions. Hear Li Dongni's perspectives on current AI development, as well as her passion in cultivating the next generation researchers and computer scientists.

Today we are diving into the bones of Exchange-Traded Funds. Without them we'd have no form and nothing to offer investors. Who are these essential minds? ETF Analysts are scientists, detectives, and reporters all rolled up into the span of a single trading session. We have two fantastic guests to give us a peek at what they do. Anu Ganti and Rachel Liang are joining us for today's episode. Anu R. Ganti is Senior Director, Index Investment Strategy at S&P Dow Jones Indices. She is also a frequent contributor to both print and broadcast media outlets. Prior to joining S&P DJI, Anu worked in the asset management space, completing a post-MBA rotational program at Russell Investments within their fixed income research and trading divisions and working as a portfolio manager focusing on emerging market equities at Parametric Portfolio Associates (subsidiary of Eaton Vance). Anu is a CFA charterholder and holds an MBA in finance and economics from Columbia Business School, and a bachelor's degree in finance and marketing from NYU's Stern School of Business. She is married and lives with her husband in suburban New Jersey. Rachel Liang is an experienced ETF Capital Market Research Analyst with a deep background in quantitative and data analytics field. Born and raised in northern China, she relocated to the U.S. in 2012. Rachel holds a bachelor's degree of Applied Mathematics in Beijing Institute of Technology, and a master's degree of Financial Mathematics from Rutgers in New Jersey. She currently lives and works in New York City. Outside of work, Rachel loves Jazz music, reading, and baking in winter times. She holds Series 7 and 63, and is a CFA charterholder.  Kristine Delano guides the conversation about how curiosity, creativity, and communication all play vital roles for Analysts as they navigate the evolving industry of ETFs.  Follow on Instagram kristine.delano.writer  Visit www.womeninetfs.com to find additional support in the ETF industry.  Go to www.kristinedelano.com for your Thrive Guide: a compilation of the most requested and insightful advice from our guests on Leadership and Advancement. In partnership with https://www.etfcentral.com/ Book recommendations:  Rogue Trader by Nick Leeson Trillions: How a Band of Wall Street Renegades Invented the Index Fund and Changed Finance Forever by Robert Wigglesworth Mentor Mentions: Craig Lazzara - S&P Dow Jones Indices Tim Edwards - S&P Dow Jones Indices   WE Talk Careers Podcast Episode Link: Indexing Your Career with Joy Yang 

OpenAI says training models without using copyrighted material is impossible, China's Beijing Institute claims it can identify telephone numbers and email addresses of those sending and receiving AirDrop messages, and Samsung’s quarter ending 2023 was much worse than analysts' predictions. MP3 Please SUBSCRIBE HERE. You can get an ad-free feed of Daily Tech Headlines forContinue reading "China's Beijing Institute Says Its Cracked AirDrop Security – DTH"

During an international armed conflict, commercial space actors under the jurisdiction or control of a third, neutral state may find themselves implicated in the conflict in various ways, which could increase tensions and trigger misunderstandings between a belligerent and neutral state and risk the latter losing its neutral status. In this post, part of a series on War, law and outer space, Professor Guoyu Wang of the Academy of Air, Space Policy and Law at the Beijing Institute of Technology discusses the potential legal issues raised by such involvement under both neutrality law and international humanitarian law (IHL), including the significance of legal interpretation of the lex lata for space security governance

Technology and tradition combine for Hangzhou's opening extravaganzaAspectacle to savor, and more than just a visual feast, a stunning opening ceremony laden with Hangzhou characteristics wowed the world on Saturday, as President Xi Jinping declared the 19th Asian Games open.With the city's profound history, culture and its modern image presented in an eye-catching and high-tech fashion, the opening show at the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Centre Stadium helped to express the host's warm hospitality and its wish to unite the world through sports.Following an opening performance depicting the autumn equinox, one of China's 24 solar terms that celebrates the harvest season, over 50,000 spectators burst into cheers as Xi announced the opening of the Hangzhou Games, making the Zhejiang provincial capital the third Chinese city to host the continental sporting gala, following Beijing in 1990 and Guangzhou in 2010.With the giant floor screen lighting the way, the athletes' parade proceeded to the melody of Our Asia, played to the pounding beat of drums built in the shape of osmanthus, the city flower of Hangzhou, fervently extending the city's invitation to Asia's best.During the parade, images of iconic scenic spots at Hangzhou's famous West Lake were projected onto the oval-shaped floor screen, with the scent of osmanthus sprayed out across the stadium, allowing marching athletes and spectators to enjoy the city's picturesque scenery in an immersive way.Wang Hao, president of the 19th Asian Games Hangzhou Organizing Committee, said Hangzhou is honored to play host to such a grand event, where friendship and mutual respect are strengthened."In this season of harvest, we give our best wishes to all the athletes and hope that they will compete with passion, challenge personal limits, strive for excellence and realize their dreams," said Wang, also governor of Zhejiang province."We hope that all participants will engage in closer communication, appreciate the culture of one another, build stronger friendships and find happiness during the Games."Raja Randhir Singh, the acting president of the Olympic Council of Asia, showed appreciation for the Chinese host's meticulous organization in his speech."You have done a fantastic job in preparing for the Asian Games. The one-year postponement due to the pandemic was unprecedented in OCA history, but your diligence and determination will bear fruit over the next 16 days and you will be rewarded with the most magnificent and successful Asian Games ever," said Singh."The OCA salutes you! Xie Xie. Thank you."Supported by new technologies, the Hangzhou ceremony boasted many historic firsts and highlighted the sustainable and digitally enhanced future of such gala events, according to the creative team.For the first time in China, organizers switched from a traditional fireworks show to a virtual display, projected onto a giant curtain screen the size of nine IMAX screens.An artistic performance, themed as "Tide Surging in Asia", captured the crowd's imagination with breathtaking projections depicting Hangzhou's past and present, with glasses-free 3D animations accompanying traditional dance performances.The design of the costumes worn by the performers was inspired by the region's rich history and timeless grace, dating back to the Song Dynasty (960-1279), with Hangzhou's ancient arts of music, poetry and calligraphy vividly reflected in the texture and style of the dresses designed by Chu Yan, a professor at Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology.For the finale, hundreds of millions of virtual sparks, each representing a participant of the online torch relay, formed the shape of a human torchbearer, who ran into the stadium to light the main cauldron together with the physical relay's final bearer — Zhejiang native and Olympic champion swimmer, Wang Shun.To adhere to the principle of delivering the greenest possible Games, zero-emission methanol was used to fuel all of the torches and the main cauldron.Extravaganza英/ɪk,strævə'gænzə/美/ɪk,strævə'gænzə/n.盛大表演Calligraphy英/kə'lɪgrəfɪ/美/kə'lɪgrəfɪ/n.书法

After more than three years, a number of top universities in China, such as Peking University and Tsinghua University, will allow the public to enter the campus starting on Saturday.经过三年多的时间，包括北京大学和清华大学在内的一些中国顶级大学将从7月8日起允许公众进入校园。Tsinghua will allow ordinary visitors from July 8 to Aug 6, between the hours of 9 to 11 am and 2 to 4 pm. The university is closed to visitors on Mondays.清华大学对外开放参观从7月8日开始，8月6日结束，开放日入校时间为上午9：00至11：00，下午14：00至16：00，每周一为校园休整日，不对外开放。Each visitor is only allowed to visit the university once, and can book three slots for companions.每人在暑期校园参观开放期内仅能成功预约1次，每人最多可为同行的另外3人预约。Group travel is open only to primary and secondary school students.团队参观仅面向中小学生群体开放。In a similar notice, Peking University said that starting from Saturday it will open for ordinary visitors during summer and winter vacations, public holidays and weekends.北京大学也发布了一则类似通知，从7月8日起，北京大学将在寒暑假、法定节假日及双休日期间开放校园参观。Group visits are also only open to primary and secondary school students.团队参观也仅面向中小学生群体开放。Some other famous universities, including Fudan University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Wuhan University have also announced recently that they will allow visitors.其他一些顶级大学，包括复旦大学、上海交通大学和武汉大学最近也宣布，将允许游客参观。For most of the last two or three years, Chinese universities have adopted rigorous closed management policies to contain the COVID-19 epidemic.在过去两三年的大部分时间里，中国的大学采取严格的封闭式管理政策，以遏制新冠疫情。In a poll by Southern Metropolis Daily in late May, while more than 96 percent of college students said they support the idea of opening their universities, they also expressed concerns that it may exert more pressure on maintaining order on campus.《南方都市报》5月底发布的一项民意调查显示，虽然有超过96%的大学生支持开放其大学校园的想法，但他们也担心，这可能会给维持校园秩序带来更大的压力。Top universities have always been popular sites for travelers, especially for Chinese parents and students eager to embrace the academic atmosphere.顶级大学一直是热门旅游景点，特别是对于渴望沉浸在学术氛围中的中国家长和学生来说。In fact, during the past few months, some visitors have gone through "underground" channels to enter the campus.事实上，在过去几个月里，一些游客通过“地下”渠道进入校园。According to a report by the news website ThePaper.cn, some people have been offering paid services to enter the premises of Wuhan University by changing the profile pictures in the university's mini-app to let them enter the gates. The university responded that such actions are not allowed and they would also check the profile photo when they exit the campus.根据澎湃新闻的报道，有些人提供付费服务，通过改变武汉大学小程序中的个人资料照片让他们进入学校大门。校方回应道，不允许这样的行为，他们会在离开校园时检查个人资料照片。On social media platforms, people have complained about the great difficulty in obtaining a booking. Some have claimed they can get tickets for others at a price, yet all universities said that they do not charge for tickets.在社交媒体平台上，人们纷纷抱怨预约订票太困难。有些人声称他们可以为他人有偿提供门票，但所有大学都表示他们并未收取门票费用。Yi Yi, who graduated from a Beijing university last year, was thrilled that she successfully booked tickets for her and her friend to visit Peking University on Sunday.去年刚从北京一所大学毕业的依依表示，她成功地为自己和朋友预约到了周日参观北京大学的门票，对此感到非常兴奋。Although she has long wanted to visit the university, she has never found a good opportunity to do so.尽管她一直都想参观这所大学，但从未找到合适的机会实现。"The top universities are the academic sanctuary for most Chinese students, and they have rich history and great cultural atmosphere," she said. "I want to visit Peking University to feel the atmosphere of one of the best universities in China, which will motivate me to continue learning."“一流的大学是大多数中国学生心目中的学术圣地，它们历史悠久，文化氛围浓厚，”她说。“我想参观北京大学，感受中国最好的大学之一的氛围，这将激励我继续学习。”Wang Qing, a researcher at the Beijing Institute of Technology's School of Humanities and Social Sciences, suggested that universities' opening-up needs to go beyond allowing the public to enter the brick-and-mortar buildings.北京理工大学人文与社会科学学院特别副研究员王青指出，物理空间的开放只是大学开放的表象或结果，而非最核心内容。"Universities should not monopolize the rights to produce and evaluate knowledge. They should create knowledge together with the outside world," he told China Science Daily.他在接受《中国科技报》采访时说道：“大学不再垄断知识的生产权、评估权，而是与外界共同创造知识。”Campus英/ˈkæmpəs/ 美/ˈkæmpəs/n.（大学或学院的）校园Travel英/ˈtræv(ə)l/ 美/ˈtræv(ə)l/v.（尤指长途）旅行

More than 1 million visits were made to museums across Beijing during the Spring Festival holidays, marking a robust revival for the city's cultural venues.春节期间，北京各大博物馆接待游客超过100万人次，标志着北京文化场所的强劲复苏。Over the next few years a large venue is expected to rise on the capital's outskirts to showcase thousands of China's cultural relics.在接下来的几年里，一个大型场馆预计将在首都郊区拔地而起，展示数以千计的中国文物。After almost a decade of preparation work, construction began in December on a new branch of the Palace Museum, or Forbidden City. Located in Xiyuhe, a village in Haidian district, about 30 kilometers from the Forbidden City, the northern branch will include an exhibition space exceeding 60,000 square meters for cultural relics. More than 35,000 sq m will also be provided for relic restoration work, according to the museum.立项筹备已近十年之久的故宫博物院新分馆于12月破土动工。北分馆位于北京西北郊，海淀区西北旺镇的西玉河村，距故宫约30公里，距故宫约30公里一个超过6万平方米的文物展示空间。据故宫博物院称，还将提供超过3.5万平方米的空间用于文物修复工作。"We'll have a much larger space to meet people's expectations and enhance our capacity to show ancient Chinese civilization," Wang Xudong, director of the Palace Museum, said in a previous interview with China Daily.故宫博物院院长王旭东此前在接受《中国日报》采访时说：“我们会用更大的空间来满足人们的期待，提升我们展示中国古代文明的能力。”The construction work is expected to cost 2.1 billion yuan ($309.5 million). According to an official document of the construction project released online, the first phase, which includes relic warehouses and offices, will take about 3-and-a-half years to complete.建设工程预计耗资人民币21亿元（3.095亿美元）。根据网上发布的建设项目官方文件，第一阶段包括修建文物仓库和办公室，需要约3年半的时间来完成。The northern branch will provide much bigger spaces for exhibition curators and relic conser­vators, museum officials said. "It's the key to solving problems faced by the Forbidden City," Du Hai­jiang, deputy director of the Palace Museum and chief supervisor of construction, said in an interview with China Central Television broadcast on Thursday.博物馆工作人员说，北院将为展览策展人和文物保护人员提供超大空间。“这是解决故宫面临的问题的关键，”故宫博物院党委书记、副院长，故宫博物院北院项目总负责人都海江在周四接受中央电视台采访时说道。Du said more than 20,000 to 30,000 relics can be showcased in the new branch every year, and it will offer larger and better-equipped warehouses to house fragile items, such as silk pieces, which require greater attention.都海江说，新分馆每年可展出超过2万至3万件文物，提供更大、设备更好的仓库以存放易碎物品，如丝绸，需要更多关注。"We won't house all the relics in the warehouses of the new branch," Du said. "Relics can be put into different locations based on their nature."“我们不会把所有的文物都放在新分馆的仓库里，”都海江说。“文物可以根据其性质放到不同的地方。”The Forbidden City was China's royal palace from 1420 to 1911 during the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties. The year after China's last emperor, Puyi, left the royal residence in 1924, it became a public museum.紫禁城是1420年至1911年明朝（1368-1644年）和清朝（1644-1911年）时期中国的皇家宫殿。1924年，在中国最后一位皇帝溥仪离开皇宫后的第二年，它成为了一个公共博物馆。Thanks to its rich history and abundant royal legacies, over 1.86 million cultural relics are now housed in the museum, which accounts for 40 percent of the country's highest Level-1 cultural relics.因其悠久的历史和丰富的皇家遗产，目前博物馆内有186万多件文物，占全国最高一级文物的40%。However, lack of exhibition spaces and outdated offices have long bothered administrators of the museum, according to Wang and his predecessors.然而，根据王旭东和他的前任们的说法，缺乏展览空间、办公室陈旧是长期以来一直困扰着博物馆管理人员的问题。It is estimated that only 10,000 cultural relics can be moved out of the museum's warehouses for public viewing each year. "Some ancient architecture just doesn't have the conditions for modern exhibitions," Wang said.据估计，每年只有1万件文物可以从博物馆的仓库中搬出供公众参观。“一些古建筑不具备现代展览的条件，”王旭东说道。High-quality lighting systems, for example, are essential for gallery visitors to have a good viewing experience. New technologies have been used to reduce the possibility of fire caused by lighting systems in the Palace Museum, the largest collection of preserved ancient wooden structures in the world.例如，高质量的照明系统对于画廊参观者的游览体验来说必不可少。在故宫博物院这个世界上最大的古代木结构保存地，新技术已经被用来减少照明系统引起火灾的可能性。The proposal to build a northern branch of the museum was first made in 2013.建造故宫北院的建议最早在2013年提出。A blueprint drafted by the Beijing Institute of Architectural Design, which included elements of red walls and golden roofs of the Forbidden City into the modern structure, won the bid for the project.北京建筑设计研究院起草了一份蓝图，将紫禁城的红墙金顶元素融入到现代建筑中，中标了这个项目。At a media briefing in 2018, the museum administrator and builders said construction would begin soon, with the project expected to be completed in 2022. However, due to the monumental status of this project, further evaluation and preparation work were undertaken.在2018年的媒体通报会上，博物馆管理者和建设者表示将很快开始施工，项目预计将于2022年完工。然而，这一项目具有纪念意义，因此进行了进一步的评估和准备工作。"We aim to build the branch into a museum inheriting ancient classics and leading the future at the same time," Zhang Yu, chief architect of the new museum, said in December. "This landmark can be a 'guesthouse' of Chinese civilization with Eastern ethos and a global view."“我们的目标是将分院打造成为一座传承古代经典、引领未来的博物馆，”新馆总建筑师张宇在去年12月表示。 “这个地标可以成为具有东方气质和全球视野的中华文明的‘宾馆'。”The northern branch site was a kiln during the Qing Dynasty, where many construction components of the Forbidden City, such as glazed tiles and bricks, were burned.北院分址是一个清代的窑址。这个窑曾给紫禁城造砖、瓦、琉璃等构件。Venues[ˈvenju:z]n. 会场Outskirt英 ['aʊtˌskɜ:t] 美 [ˈaʊtˌskət]n.郊区Restoration英[ˌrestəˈreɪʃn]美[ˌrestəˈreɪʃn]n.整修

Imagine a state apparatus of terror; they monitor citizens, they kidnap people in the middle of the night, they torture people to extract false confessions. Now imagine that same state apparatus of terror is run by a murderous pedophile. That was the Soviet people's reality with appointment of Lavrenti Beria to the dreaded People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs or the NKVD, the Soviet secret police. Please leave us a rating, or a review if you're feeling really generous. Follow Secret Police! Twitter @hush_popo Instagram @secretpolicepodcast Sources Beria - The NKVD & Death of Stalin Documentary. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N0bnt7hYmDY&list=PLVtoTh3hF-hwiZixdKcerUzA777jS27Ml&index=3&t=1927s  Lavrenti Beria Biography https://spartacus-educational.com/RUSberia.htm Richard Sorge. https://spartacus-educational.com/GERsorge.htm On Stalin's Secret Service - Richard Sorge - WW2 Biography Special. World War Two. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fn9NyRfbSOo&ab_channel=WorldWarTwo  Stalin and Trotsky rivalry https://www.rbth.com/history/333272-how-stalin-and-trotsky-fought Stalin: The Court of the Red Tsar by Simon Sebag Montefiore. Russia: The Wild East by Martin Sixsmith and the BBC.  Flowers in Russia: What You Need to Know by Matt Shannon. 2021. https://expatriant.com/flowers-in-russia/   The Finnish Language. LangFocus. 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-uWYvlyeBc&list=PLVtoTh3hF-hwiZixdKcerUzA777jS27Ml&index=5&t=316s  Winter War - Soviet Finnish 1939-1940 War - FULL 3d DOCUMENTARY. Kings and Generals. 2021. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Uk5bY22RSE&t=2448s  US Census. Quick Facts. https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/US/PST045221 The investigation of the dead or lost Finnish stages of Stalin's persecution will continue – SKS also finds out what traces of persecution left on the victims' descendants. Pekka Torvinen. https://www.hs.fi/kulttuuri/art-2000007766248.html China and International Law -- The Boundary Disputes by Byron N. Tzou. 1990. The end of "Millionka": the liquidation of Chinatown in Vladivostok (1936). Russia and the Pacific (in Russian). Vladivostok: Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography of the Peoples of the Far East of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (4): 24–31. A Historical Investigation of the Soviet Union's Handling of the Chinese Issue in the Far East (1937-1938)]. Modern Chinese History Studies (in Simplified Chinese). Beijing: Institute of Modern History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (2): 41. Khisamutdinov, Amir Aleksandrovich (2018). "Millionka": a culture that grew up in the backyard. The Origins of Soviet Ethnic Cleansing by Martin Terry. 1998. Journal of Modern History.  L'Affaire Lyushkov: Anatomy of a Defector by Alvin D Coox. 1968. Why didn't the Allies declare war on the USSR when they invaded Poland? Knowledgia. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VBd60UsL9u0&ab_channel=Knowledgia The NKVD: from Pen-Pushers to Communist Hit Squads - WW2 Special. World War Two. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HwKl8VUZHA&t=507s&ab_channel=WorldWarTwo  State Committee of Defence Decree. Concerning the security measures in rear areas and communications of the Red Army in East Prussia, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Romania. December 1944. https://weaponsandwarfare.com/2015/12/10/soviet-nkvd-iv/  Sonja Schmid. Producing Power: The Pre-Chernobyl History of the Soviet Nuclear Industry. 2015.  The Atomic Bomb, Russia and Spies. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_nOrMZCThNg&t=136s&ab_channel=JohnKerruish    Harry S Truman Library Bombing of Hiroshima Newsreel from the AP Music Scorching Action by Jon Presstone Tension in the Dark by Jon Presstone Gnosienne by Eric Satie performed by Neil Cross and Raighes Factory It's Beginning to Look A lot Like Christmas by Perry Como (a parody) Mozart K.488 Piano Concerto #23 in A 2nd mov. Adagio Cinematic Ambient Orchestral Drama Trailer by MEDIA MUSIC GROUP Electra to the Baltic Sea by Giuseppe Rizzo Dramatic Investigation by Jon Presstone Sad Smooth Piano Jazz Background Music by Volodymyr Piddubnyk Eye Of The Storm (Feat. Cicely Parnas) - Instrumental Version Humans Win Kalahari Wind by Humans Win Sneaky Snitch by Kevin MacLeod Giant Wyrm by Kevin MacLeod Selected clips from The Death of Stalin (2017)

Jane Lo, Singapore Correspondent speaks with Dr. P.J. Blount, Lecturer in Law in the School of Law and Politics at Cardiff University. Dr. P.J. Blount (Ph.D., M.S., Global Affairs, Rutgers University; LL.M., King's College London; J.D., University of Mississippi; B.A./A.B.J., University of Georgia) is a Lecturer in Law in the School of Law and Politics at Cardiff University. He has served as an adjunct professor for the LL.M. in the Air and Space Law at the University of Mississippi School of Law. Previously, he was a Postdoctoral Researcher at the University of Luxembourg, an adjunct professor at Montclair State University, and a Visiting Scholar at the Beijing Institute of Technology School of Law. He also completed an industrial fellowship sponsored by the Luxembourg National Research Fund wherein he split his time between SES and the University of Luxembourg research cybersecurity issues relevant to the space industry. Blount's primary research areas are international space law with a focus on space security and cyberspace law and governance. He has published and presented widely on the topic of space law and has given expert testimony on Space Traffic Management before the U.S. House of Representatives' Subcommittee on Space. His book, Reprogramming the World: Cyberspace and the Geography of Global Order, was published open access with e-International Relations Press in 2019. He is an editor of the Proceedings of the International Institute of Space Law and was formerly the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Space Law. He currently serves as the Executive Secretary of the International Institute of Space Law and is a licensed attorney with the State Bar of Georgia (USA). In this podcast, Dr Blount introduces the historical and political context of the Outer Space Treaty which was negotiated in 1967. Despite the technological advances since then, Dr Blount argues that the treaty, in his view, is technologically neutral, where the intent is for it to “apply to everything” and “embrace all sorts of technologies”. Nevertheless, technological developments force us to rethink our understanding of security. While cybersecurity adds a layer of complexity, he notes that “cybersecurity laws and regulations are not usually the answer to our problems in cybersecurity”. However, he stresses that, cybersecurity being a risk management process means there are legal implications. For example, for a university Cube Sat, he explains how cybersecurity may play a part in the licensing and authorising process – that is, the extent of cybersecurity and risk management plans could depend on its payload and orbital dynamics. On whether space sector should be designated as a critical infrastructure, Dr Blount advocates for more definitions, noting the potential for burdening such satellites as the educational ones with unnecessary regulations. Where laws provide few details in how to secure assets for space sector operators, Dr Blount suggests that standards such as those developed by NIST for Commercial Satellite Operations serve as actionable guidance. Recorded 27th June 2022, 10am London / 5pm Singapore

„kurz informiert by heise online“ mit Marie Koch: Der Internet-Konzern Google hat nun einer zentralen Forderung europäischer Datenschutzbehörden nachgegeben und vereinfacht seine Cookie-Banner. Neu hinzu kommt ein Button, mit dem man pauschal alle nicht-notwendigen Cookies verweigern kann. Damit wird das Werbetracking abgeschaltet, andere Cookies zur Statistik-Erhebung oder Betrugserkennung werden aber weiterhin gesetzt. Nach Angaben des Konzerns wurde die neue Version bereits in Frankreich veröffentlicht und soll im Laufe Monats auch in anderen europäischen Ländern verfügbar sein. Auch YouTube bekommt den neuen Button. Bisher war es so, dass das Ablehnen von Cookies um Einiges aufwändiger ist, als das Annehmen. Hierfür ist in der Regel bloß ein Klick erforderlich. Die 2015 gegründete Broker Trade Republic Bank GmbH mit Sitz in Berlin hat Partnerschaften mit der US-Großbank Citigroup Inc. und der Deutsche Bank angekündigt. Damit verwahren neben der Solarisbank auch die Citibank und die Deutsche Bank Gelder für Trade Republic. Da sowohl die Citi als auch die Deutsche Bank der EU-Richtlinie über die gesetzlichen Einlagensicherungssysteme unterliegen, soll die Einlagensicherung von 100.000 Euro je Kunde bestehen bleiben [--] sofern keine anderen Einlagen bei der Partnerbank bestünden. Nach einer dreieinhalbjährigen Pause wird mit dem Large Hadron Collider am Kernforschungszentrum CERN nun der weltgrößte Teilchenbeschleuniger wieder hochgefahren. Im dritten Lauf sollen einmal mehr Rekordenergien erreicht werden, um grundlegende Fragen der Teilchenphysik beantworten zu können. Waren zuvor Protonen-Protonen-Kollisionen bei bislang nicht erreichten Energien von 13 Tera-Elektronenvolt durchgeführt worden, ist dies nach vorgenommenen Updates sogar mit 13,6 Tera-Elektronenvolt möglich, teilte das CERN vorab mit. Erste Protonenstrahlen sollen in entgegengesetzter Richtung durch den unterirdischen Ring von 27 Kilometern Länge gejagt werden. Menschen in Katastrophengebieten unter Trümmern aufzufinden, ist für herkömmliche Roboter mit Beinen schwierig. Sie müssen sich dabei auf kleinstem Raum bewegen. Dabei sind Beine eher ein Hindernis. Für Nagetiere, wie Ratten, ist das kein Problem. Sie können sich mit ihren kurzen Beinen und ihrem flexiblen Körperbau durch kleinste Lücken und enge Verwinkelungen zwängen und dabei auch schmale Rohre durchkriechen. Chinesische Forscher des Beijing Institute of Technology haben sich die Natur zum Vorbild genommen und eine Roboter-Ratte entwickelt, die Vermisste auffinden oder zur Inspektion von Rohren eingesetzt werden soll. Diese und weitere aktuelle Nachrichten finden Sie ausführlich auf heise.de.

Today on the Unsupervised Learning podcast the focus is on genetics, culture and geopolitics with Muhammad Sohail Raza, a Pakistani genomicist living and working in Beijing, China, whose research focuses on bioinformatic methods and high-altitude adaptations. Razib and Muhammad first discuss how he got interested in biology, and what took him to do his graduate work in the People's Republic of China. Muhammad talks about his various inspirations, in particular David Reich's work on historical population genomics, as well as the potential promise of precision medicine in the domain of healthcare. About a decade ago, when his interest in genetics began, Muhammad was particularly focused on the importance of bioinformatics, and he outlines how Chinese academia is very strong in understanding the engineering and methods of data generation in a genomic context, due to China's position as a sequencing leader. Razib and Muhammad then explore the numerous professional opportunities in China's coastal megacities, Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzen, and Muhammad recalls his experience with the locals, who were friendly, open and curious. Beijing in particular is quite diverse, with scientists from Europe and America, as well as those from China and other parts of Asia, Africa and Latin America. Razib was skeptical about the Chinese attitude toward a brown-skinned person with a Muslim name, but Muhammad's experience has been that Chinese of all backgrounds are quite accepting once they realize he has some command of Mandarin (Standard Chinese). Additionally, the world of science is multicultural and cosmopolitan, and when the focus remains on scholarship there are far fewer tensions than might occur in other contexts, like business or politics. Muhammad contrasts his experience in China with how Asian researchers perceive the United States. Because of his Pakistani nationality, he was denied a visa to attend an American conference, while Chinese researchers feel that geopolitical tensions are casting a pall over their collaborations. Though the Chinese opinion of American science remains high, the prospects for future cooperation have been dampened by the new rivalry between China and the US. Finally, Muhammad talks about research in high-altitude genomics and the adaptations of Tibetans in particular. He explains that future directions in this field will have less to do with hypoxia, as opposed to the metabolic adaptations associated with it. Due to the paucity of ancient DNA, most of the analysis is going to be on large cohorts of contemporary Chinese. This means that the Beijing Institute of Genomics, where Muhammad works, will likely require all 40 petabytes of storage available at his research institute at some point.

Overview In this episode, I got to chat with one of the founding fathers and an amazing advocate of Online Learning, Bob Ubell. Bob takes us back in time to where it all began with what we know as Online Learning today. He knew something big was coming and happened to be in the right place at the right time. Bob is a proud fellow of Online Learning Consortium (OLC), and a member of their advisory board. In this episode, he shares all the details of his experiences from Standford to NYU to Steven's Institute. You can learn more about where to purchase Bob's books from his website at bobubell.com. More about Bob Ubell In his own words… Online learning expert, Robert Ubell is a columnist for EdSurge and also writes for Inside Higher Ed, The Chronicle, and other major publications. He consults for universities and industry about securing digital education success. As online dean, his programs at Stevens Institute of Technology and NYU delivered digital education to 30,000 students. His most recent books are Going Online (Routledge, 2017) and Virtual Teamwork (Wiley, 2000). Staying Online (Routledge, 2021) will be released in September. An excerpt appeared in EdSurge in March. Visit Ubell's website at bobubell.com. At Stevens, he ran four joint Master's degrees in China at Beijing Institute of Technology and Central University of Finance and Economics. He is currently Senior Advisor at Stevens Institute of Technology and a consultant to Beacon Education, a Beijing company that delivers US online degrees in China. A Fellow of the Online Learning Consortium, he was given the Frank Mayadas Leadership Award, the highest honor in digital education. His Books Staying Online: How to Navigate Digital Higher Education  Going Online: Perspectives of Digital Learning  Virtual Teamwork: Mastering the Art and Practice of Online Learning and Corporate Collaboration Connect with Bob on LinkedIn  Connect with the host: Holly Owens  EdUp EdTech - We make EdTech Your Business! Thanks for tuning in! Thanks for joining us on today's episode of EdUp EdTech! If you enjoyed today's episode, please head over to our website and leave us a rate and review to help us reach even more amazing audience members like you. Don't forget to check out our website, visit us on LinkedIn, or hang out with us on Facebook or Instagram to stay up-to-date on the latest EdTech happenings. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

In this episode, Xueping (Susan) Liang joins the Cryptocurrencyteens podcast to discuss the curriculum she teaches at University of North Carolina at Greensboro, papers she's recently published, her role as co-editor of the Frontier's Journal, her role as a panel reviewer for NSF cybersecurity programs, her background in cybersecurity, programs offered at UNCG, and more. Dr. Xueping Susan Liang is an assistant professor in the Department of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management, University of North Carolina at Greensboro. Prior to that she was an assistant professor of Computer Science in Virginia State University. She received her Ph.D. in Cyber Security (2019) from University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, B.S. (2013) from Beijing Institute of Technology. Her research is centered around cybersecurity, Blockchain, data provenance mechanisms, privacy protection, and Internet of Things (IoT). Specifically, she is interested in distributed consensus models in Blockchain technology, cyber-resiliency in IoT, and various practical issues in cloud computing security. She has published more than 30 conference and journal papers, book chapters at reputed venues. One of her papers has been awarded as “Top 50 Influential Papers in Blockchain” at BlockchainConnect Conference, San Francisco, in January 2019. Learn more: Susan Liang (guest): https://www.linkedin.com/in/xueping-liang-a139239b Abigail Li (host): https://www.linkedin.com/in/cryptocurrencyteens About Cryptocurrencyteens: https://www.cryptocurrencyteens.com/

Almost 80 percent of primary and secondary school students had the opportunity to get more nightly sleep this semester, after education authorities took measures to reduce their academic workload, the Ministry of Education said on Wednesday.本周三教育部表示，在教育部门采取措施减轻学业负担后，近八成中小学生本学期有机会获得更多夜间睡眠时间。Lyu Yugang, director of the ministry's department of basic education, said 77.14 million parents were surveyed to ascertain whether their children were getting enough sleep. A total of 76.2 percent of respondents said their children were getting the recommended sleep time of 10 hours a night for primary school students and nine hours for those in secondary school. Last year's survey found only about 40 percent of students were getting enough sleep, Lyu said.教育部基础教育司司长吕玉刚说，教育部门调查了7714万名家长，以确定他们的孩子是否睡眠充足。76.2%的受访者表示，孩子睡眠时间达到或接近“小学10小时、初中9小时”的规定要求。吕玉刚说，去年的调查发现只有约四成学生睡眠充足。Schools and parents have also paid more attention to students' sleep time, with 98.7 percent of schools asking parents to monitor their children's sleep and study time.学校和家长也更加关注学生的睡眠时间。98.7%的学校要求家长监测孩子的睡眠和学习时间。In April, the ministry advised that primary school students should go to bed before 9:20 pm, middle school students before 10 pm and high school students before 11 pm.今年4月，教育部建议小学生、中学生、高中生应分别在晚上9:20、10:00、11:00之前睡觉。Students should go to bed at the recommended times, even if they have not finished their homework, the ministry said.教育部表示，学生即使还没有完成家庭作业，也应该在规定的时间睡觉。 Schools should control the amount of homework assigned to students to make sure primary school students can finish all their written homework at school and secondary school students can finish most of their homework on campus, the ministry said.教育部表示，学校应控制分配给学生的家庭作业量，以确保小学生能在学校完成所有书面作业，而中学生能在学校完成大部分家庭作业。"Homework, after-school tutoring courses and online games should all take second place to ensure students can get sufficient sleep," Lyu said.吕玉刚说：“作业、校外培训、网络游戏都要为保障学生睡眠‘让路'。”The ministry also issued recommendations in April to cease starting classes too early. A total of 96.1 percent of primary schools now start classes at 8:20 am, and 97.4 percent of secondary schools start at 8 am or later, Lyu added.教育部还于今年4月提出建议，要求停止过早开课。吕玉刚补充说，目前96.1%的小学和97.4%的初中上午开始上课时间做到“小学不早于8:20、初中不早于8:00”的规定要求。Separately, 99.8 percent of primary and secondary schools have issued rules preventing students from bringing smartphones to class and provided communication channels for students to contact their parents in an emergency, he said.他说，另外，99.8%的中小学颁布了禁止学生携带智能手机上课的规定，并为学生在紧急情况下与家长联系提供了沟通渠道。Almost all schools no longer assign homework via smartphones and students do not need to finish their homework digitally, he added.他补充说，几乎所有学校都不再通过智能手机布置作业，学生也不需要以线上的方式完成作业。Ye Yuyu, mother of a second-grade pupil in Beijing, said the school basically assigns no written homework to her daughter and she can sleep more than 10 hours every night.北京一名二年级学生的母亲叶玉玉（音译）表示，学校基本上不给女儿布置书面作业，她每晚可以睡至少10个小时。"We believe a healthy body is more important than academic achievement," she said.她说：“我们认为健康的身体比学业成绩更重要。”However, Ye said she assigns some homework to her daughter so that she can still practice what she has learned at school.不过，叶女士说她给女儿布置了一些家庭作业，这样她仍然可以练习在学校学到的东西。Zhang Xiu, mother of a middle school student in Beijing, said her daughter can sleep more than nine hours a night, as the school has reduced the amount of her homework.北京一名中学生的母亲张秀（音译）说，因为学校减少了女儿的家庭作业，她的女儿每晚可以睡至少9个小时。Her daughter can finish her homework before 8 pm and usually goes to bed before 9:30 pm, Zhang said.张女士说，她的女儿可以在晚上8点之前完成作业，通常在晚上9:30之前就能上床睡觉。Luo Lin, vice-principal of Fengtai Experimental School Affiliated to Beijing Institute of Education, said some students go to bed late not because they have heavy academic burdens, but because they are following the examples of their parents who stay up late and spend a lot of time on their smartphones.北京教育学院附属丰台实验学校副校长罗琳表示，一些学生之所以睡得晚，不是因为他们学业负担太重，而是因为他们在模仿父母的行为，熬夜、花很多时间玩手机。Parents need to assume the main responsibility to ensure their children get enough sleep, Lyu said.吕玉刚说，保障孩子有充足睡眠，父母应承担主要责任。While tough measures have been taken to limit the amount of time young students can spend playing online games to three hours a week, the students might waste time on short video platforms and parents need to act to prevent this, he added.他补充说，虽然已经采取了严格的措施，将年轻学生每周玩网络游戏的时间限制在三小时以内，但他们可能会在短视频平台上浪费时间，所以家长需要采取行动防止这种情况发生。ascertain英[ˌæsəˈteɪn]；美[ˌæsərˈteɪn] vt. 查明；弄清respondent英[rɪˈspɒndənt]；美[rɪˈspɑːndənt] n. （尤指）调查对象；被告；回答问题的人adj. 回答的；响应的；被告的；符合的affiliate英[əˈfɪlieɪt , əˈfɪliət]；美[əˈfɪlieɪt , əˈfɪliət] v. 使附属；使隶属，使并入（较大的团体、公司、组织）；加入；与…有关；为…工作n. 附属机构；分支机构；分公司；分会assume英[əˈsjuːm]；美[əˈsuːm] v. 假定；假设；认为；承担（责任）；就（职）；取得（权力）；呈现（外观、样子）；显露（特征）

China may have 5,000 years of history, but now it has to compete for clicks and eyeballs with short videos on Douyin. From martial arts to Confucian classics to architecture, find out how businesses focused on Chinese traditional culture marketing themselves for young consumers in the modern day. Featuring AJ Donnelly : Co-founder of Cultural Keys Chinese Culture CompanyMatthew Hu : Co-founder of The Courtyard InstituteCarol Yin : Project Manager at the Beijing Institute of Yangming Philosophy Middle Earth is distributed by The World of Chinese (www.theworldofchinese.com). Every two months, both in print and online, the team at TWOC takes a contemporary issue in Chinese society and culture and looks behind the headlines to share how it affects people on the ground.  Middle Earth is made by China Compass Productions. If you have a China-themed cultural project like shooting your next documentary or look for a specific talent, please get in touch! With thanks to Sean Calvo for music support. 

In this “Secure in Mind” podcast episode Nick Kelly speak with your friendly hacker Jayson E Street. This unique individual uses his devices and experience to break into often supposedly unbreakable locations to educate companies, governments, users and everyone in between what they need to do to better their cyber security posture This “Secure in Mind” podcast episode sees Nick Kelly speak with Jayson E Street. Well what can we say – this unique, warm individual uses his confidence, smarts, devices and experience to break into often supposedly unbreakable locations to educate companies, governments, users and everyone in between what they need to do to better their cyber security posture. Break into supposedly unbreakable locations Strap yourselves in for a fun, educational discussion with a champion for positive change. Jayson battled a dragon during the Fire Run in Barcelona Spain. He ‘accidentally' broke into a shark tank in the Dominican Republic and climbed the pyramid of Giza (until the guards carrying AK-47s expressed their displeasure). He consulted with the Secret Service in 2007 on the WIFI security of the White House and has had tea with a Lebanese General in Beirut. Jayson never finished High School but does have his GED. His first book is used as course material at four colleges in three countries (that he knows of), and he has spoken at numerous universities in the US and gave an eight-hour lecture at the Beijing Institute of Technology in 2014. Outside of standardized education, Jayson has spoken numerous times at DEF CON, at the first six DerbyCons and at many other Cons (Hack in Paris, Nuit Du Hack, IT-Defense, SYSCAN360, PH-Neutral, etc….) around the world. He was also on the David Letterman show (seriously) though he is still waiting for Stephen Colbert to have him on his show! Jayson is only one degree away from Kevin Bacon after awkward hugging Oliver Stone and Jimmy Fallon. He started in security and law enforcement over 30 years ago and has always striven to make things more secure. Jayson has been in the Information Security industry for over 18 years, and once broke into a high scale hotel in the South of France – barefoot – wearing Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles pyjamas. He was also noted as the best janitor of all McDonald's in the South East Texas region for 2 consecutive years. The Secure in Mind project Our mission is to greatly increase and encourage community discussion about technological and ethical issues that have done, are and will impact society on a global scale. There is a longstanding and distinct disconnect between the way information is packaged and presented to the public and the effectiveness of this presentation in terms of generating informed, considered debate. If we can take complex, important topics and present them, as best we can, in a manner that can interests people from outside the speciality, then we have surpassed our expectations. Nick Kelly Bio Nick has spent years living and breathing different cultures in far flung lands the world over. From Guatemala to Cambodia and numerous places in between, he has collaborated, negotiated, elaborated and celebrated with fascinating people from all walks of life the world over. Not one to be put in a box, his background is highly varied and yet has always been involved in or associated with technology and ethics, and he brings this unique breadth of perspective to the table.  

FBU Club nr 49. Family business tra accademia e pratica, con prof. Salvo TomaselliIl professor Tomaselli, ha iniziato a studiare il family business nella metà degli anni '80, quando era ancora un argomento per pochi addetti, ai margini dei grandi percorsi di studio e di consulenza. Eppure la passione per il tema e il desiderio di coltivare abilità utili per dare vero valore alle imprese ha portato ad una carriera internazionale che ha visto Salvo prima ottenere un PhD in Business Administration allo IESE Business School di Barcellona, sotto la guida di Miguel Angel Gallo, chair della prima cattedra di Family Business istituita in una Business School Europea, poi partecipare attivamente alle attività del Family Firm Institute e del Family Business Network, e contribuire nel 2001 alla fondazione della International Family Enterprise Research Academy, (IFERA), oggi il più grande network al mondo di ricercatori dedicati alla ricerca sulle aziende familiari.Il professor Tomaselli insegna Economia Aziendale e Family Business Strategy all'Università di Palermo, è stato visiting professor al Beijing Institute of Technology e attualmente è visiting professor alla Zagreb University, per l'insegnamento di Family Business Strategy. E' sempre attivo come relatore alle più grandi conferenze di management sui temi del family business, oltre che coltivare la sua pratica consulenziale con una prospettiva internazionale, che lo vede attivo su tutti e cinque i continenti nel supportare le famiglie imprenditoriali nella ricerca della longevità. Avremo modo di capire come si è evoluto negli anni il mondo di chi si occupa di imprese di famiglia e di quanto questi studi e questa attenzione siano oggi più che mai attuali.Il profilo del Prof Tomasellihttps://www.linkedin.com/in/salvo-tom...​E per tenerti aggiornato su FBUIl sitohttps://familybusinessunit.com/​La nostra newsletterhttps://familybusinessunit.com/cominc...​E il canale telegramhttps://t.me/fbuclub

¡Bienvenidos a Cuanta Ciencia! En donde hablamos de los avances y descubrimientos más curiosos en el terreno de la ciencia.Este programa es traído gracias al apoyo que recibimos en Patreon de personas que aprecian el trabajo que implica traer este contenido a tu pantalla. Sigue su ejemplo y apóyanos www.Patreon.com/CuantoContenido en donde tenemos programas enfocados en cine, ciencia y cómics. En esta ocasión hablamos de impresión de sensores sobre la piel, así como de la credibilidad en la desinformación sobre el COVID-19____________________¿Tatuajes tecnológicos? Un equipo de investigadores internacionales ha desarrollado una técnica para producir sensores biométricos que pueden imprimirse directamente sobre la piel. El equipo dirigido por Huanyu Cheng, en el Departamento de Ingeniería en Ciencia y Mecánica de Penn State, reportó los avances en una tecnología que empezó con impresión de capas de circuitos metálicos que desafortunadamente necesitaban temperaturas muy elevadas para poder fijarse en la piel, pero terminaron con una mezcla de polivinilos y carbonato de calcio, la cual puede usarse para imprimir en ella capas metálicas flexibles.Los sensores tienen la capacidad de medir temperaturas, omedad, niveles de oxígeno en la sangre y ritmo cardiaco de manera precisa, además de que pueden ser reutilizados. "Pueden ser reutilizados, ya que al removerlos no se dañan los circuitos y, lo más importante, no dañan la piel. Esto es especialmente importante para poder ser utilizados en personas con piel sensible" comentó Huanyu Cheng, líder de proyecto quien también colaboró con equipos representativos del Harbin Institute of Technology y el Beijing Institute of Technology. El desarrollo de esta tecnología es importante para la obtención de información en pacientes de hospitales, aunque seguramente alguien buscará aplicaciones más comerciales como la impresión de tatuajes que sustituirían las mediciones que hace un reloj inteligente.____________________¿Qué tan fácil es que caigamos ante desinformación relacionada con el COVID-19? Un estudio en donde se conjuntaron datos representativos de Reino Unido, Irlanda, Estados Unidos, España y México nos revela números concretos al respecto.Entre los datos recabados, buena parte de noticias falsas fueron catalogadas como tales en las muestras representativas de todos los países, sin embargo información como que el virus fue creado intencionalmente en un laboratorio de Wuhan tuvo más credibilidad que otras noticias, especialmente en países como México y España, siendo el Reino Unido donde menos gente cree este tipo de notas. Por otro lado, en la mayoría de los países se encontró que el tener mayor edad se traducía como una menor susceptibilidad a creer notas falsas en todos los países, excepto en México, donde los adultos en plenitud de 65 años o más compartían noticias falsas con regularidad.El propósito final de este estudio es demostrar la relación entre la susceptibilidad a caer en la desinformación y el escepticismo a la futura aplicación de vacunas o incluso a seguir normas de salubridad que han sido recomendadas para reducir la propagación del virus. ____________________Y con eso terminamos el reporte de noticias espaciales que tenemos en este episodio de Cuanta Ciencia. Recuerda que este proyecto solo puede continuar con tu apoyo. Puedes donar los pesitos que te sobran en nuestra página en www.patreon.com/cuantocontenido en donde encontrarás contenido sobre ciencia, cine y cómics.

This month on Episode 20 of the Discover CircRes podcast, host Cindy St. Hilaire highlights four featured articles from the January 8 and January 22 issue of Circulation Research. This episode features an in-depth conversation with Drs Stefanie Dimmeler and Wesley Abplanalp from Goethe University in Frankfurt, Germany, regarding their study titled Clonal Hematopoiesis-Driver DNMT3A Mutations Alter Immune Cells in Heart Failure.   Article highlights:   Li, et al. FA Scaffold Genes Are Novel TAA Genes   Z Perestrelo, et al. ECM Structure and Mechanics in Heart Failure   Castranova, et al. Zebrafish Intracranial Lymphatics   Rogers, et al. Computational Phenotypes for VT/VF Risk     Cindy St. Hilaire:              Hi, and welcome to Discover CircRes, the podcast with the American Heart Association's journal, Circulation Research. I'm your host, Dr Cindy St. Hilaire, from the Vascular Medicine Institute at the University of Pittsburgh. Today I'll be highlighting four articles selected from the January 8’th and January 22’nd issues of Circ Res. After the highlights, Dr Stephanie Dimmeler and Wesley Abplanalp at Goethe University in Frankfurt, Germany will join me to discuss their study, Clonal Hematopoiesis-Driver DNMT3A Mutations Alter Immune Cells in Heart Failure.   Cindy St. Hilaire:              The first article I want to share is Variants of Focal Adhesion Scaffold Genes Cause Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm. The first authors are Yang Li and Shijuan Gao, and the corresponding authors are Jie Du and Yulin Li from Beijing Institute of Heart, Blood and Lung Vessel Disease in Beijing, China. Thoracic aortic aneurysm is the localized expansion of the blood vessel. This expansion causes weakening of the vessel wall, causing it to rupture, which is a life-threatening emergency. Although there are several genetic mutations that lead to thoracic aortic aneurysms, more often thoracic aortic aneurysms occur as an isolated event with no known cause or family history. To gain greater insight into the genetic underpinnings of isolated thoracic aortic aneurysms, Li and Gao and colleagues performed whole exome sequencing of DNA from 551 patients and 1070 healthy controls. They found that five percent of the patients screened harbored mutations in previously identified genes associated with TAA. Importantly, they identified a number of novel candidate gene variants in the remaining 95%. In four patients they discovered mutations in a gene named Testin. Testin is a scaffold protein found at focal adhesions, which are the points of connection between the extracellular matrix and the cell’s intracellular cytoskeletal framework. Mice that lacked Testin, or carried a mutant version of it, had dilated aortas and impaired contractility of vascular smooth muscle cells. Moreover, the team found additional focal adhesion gene variants present in the patient cohort, suggesting weakening or dysfunction of the structural elements may be a driving force in thoracic aortic aneurysm pathology. Cindy St. Hilaire:              The second article I want to share is titled Multi-scale Analysis of Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in the Failing Heart. The first author is Ana Rubina Perestrelo, and the corresponding author is Giancarlo Forte, and they're from St. Anne's University Hospital in the Czech Republic. After a myocardial infarction, when a lack of blood supply causes injury to the cardiac muscle, the damaged muscle tissue is patched by proliferating fibroblasts and the remodeling of the extracellular matrix. This is a process that is called fibrosis. However, this fibrotic process often continues after the initial repair and itself causes progressive loss of cardiac function. To better understand how cardiac fibrosis progresses, Perestrelo and colleagues examined cardiac extracellular matrix and fibroblasts from patients with and without heart failure. Using both microscopy and mass spectrometry, they found that the extracellular matrix from heart failure patients had a larger content of collagen and other extracellular matrix proteins, as well as more compact and less elastic fibers than non-heart failure controls. Cindy St. Hilaire:              RNA analysis of fibroblasts from patient and control hearts revealed heart failure patients had increased transcription of genes involved in assembling both the extracellular matrix and focal adhesions, which, as we just learned, are the points of connection between extracellular matrix and the cell's cytoskeleton. One such gene encoded the transcription factor yes-associated protein, or YAP. In cardiac fibroblasts, high levels of YAP drove expression of extracellular matrix factors. Similarly, extracellular matrix material from heart failure patients was particularly potent in triggering YAP activity. In highlighting this positive feedback of extracellular matrix remodeling, the work suggests that blocking this YAP-driven process may be an effective strategy for slowing heart failure pathogenesis. Cindy St. Hilaire:              The third article I want to share is titled Live Imaging of Intracranial Lymphatics in the Zebrafish. The first author is Daniel Castronova and the corresponding author is Brant Weinstein from the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland Until recently it was believed that the mammalian central nervous system lacked a classical lymphatic system. However, that belief was overturned a few years ago when canonical lymphatic vessels were discovered in the mouse brain. The discovery has implications for the understanding of the brains inflammatory and protein clearance processes, as well as disorders associated with these processes, such as in Alzheimer's disease. Because in vivo analysis of the mammalian brain lymph system is hindered by the thickness of the skull, Castronova and colleagues turned to a recently engineered zebrafish that has practically transparent tissues. Visualizing the fish brain through the top of the animal’s skull, the team found a complex network of lymphatic vessels covering much of the brain, particularly the cerebellum and the optical areas. The team confirmed the identity of the vessels with a series of lymph markers and showed that the vessels both carried out tissue drainage and contained trafficking neutrophils. The work introduces the fish as a valuable model for studying intercranial lymphatics in both health and disease states. Cindy St. Hilaire:              The last article I want to share before we switch to our interview with Dr Dimmeler is titled Machine Learned Cellular Phenotypes Predict Outcome in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. The first authors are Albert Rogers and Anojan Selvalingam. The corresponding author is Sanjiv Narayan from Stanford University in Palo Alto, California. Sudden cardiac arrest affects over 300,000 people per year in the US alone. Individuals with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction are at an elevated risk for sudden cardiac arrest. Many of these patients qualify for implantable cardiac defibrillators. However, in the first year of implantation, these devices are rarely needed to deliver life-saving therapy, and identifying means to further risk stratify these patients has been elusive. The authors of this study hypothesized that the morphology of individual ventricular monophasic action potentials in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy could possibly identify tissue or cellular electrophysiological phenotypes that can be identified by machine learning and then be used to predict long-term outcomes for patients. Cindy St. Hilaire:              Using 42 patients with coronary artery disease, the team recorded 5,706 ventricular monophasic action potentials and left ventricular ejection fraction during steady state pacing. Patients were then randomly allocated to independent training and testing cohorts. Support vector machines and convolutional neural networks were trained to two end points. The first, sustained ventricular arrhythmia, and the second, mortality at three years. Patient level predictions in independent test cohorts yielded a strong concordance statistic and were the most significant multivariate predictors. This machine learning of action potential recordings in patients revealed novel phenotypes for long term outcomes in ischemic cardiomyopathy. These computational phenotypes may reveal cellular mechanisms for clinical outcomes and could be applied to other conditions. Cindy St. Hilaire:              Today, Dr Stephanie Dimmeler and her postdoctoral fellow Wesley Abplanalp, from the Goethe University in Frankfurt, Germany, are here to discuss their study, Clonal Hematopoiesis-Driver DNMT3A Mutations Alter Immune Cells in Heart Failure. This article is in our January 22nd issue, the second issue of 2021. Thank you both very much for joining me here today. I know it's the evening where you are, so I appreciate you taking the time to sit with me. Wesley Abplanalp:         Of course. Thank you. Cindy St. Hilaire:              I think I want to start with the definition of clonal hematopoiesis. Just to get every listener on the same page. Our bone marrow produces billions of blood cells every day and the traditional view is that maybe 10 to 20,000 of these hematopoietic STEM and progenitor cells create all the progeny blood cells. This idea of multiple hematopoietic and progenitor cells, or HSPCs, is in contrast to this phenomenon called clonal hematopoiesis. That is where a sizable portion of the differentiated blood cells at a given time in a human has been derived from a single, kind of dominant HSPC. This idea of clonal hematopoiesis can really best, I think, be conceptualized when we think about cancers, like leukemia, but a lot of clonal hematopoiesis has been linked to what is called clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, or CHIP. I was wondering if you could kind of give us a little bit of details about what is known regarding the drivers of CHIP, this clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, and what's the genesis of exploring the role of CHIP and how it affects cardiovascular health, and specific to your study, heart failure? Stephanie Dimmeler:     Well, thank you very much. Maybe I start with the more general question, actually the CHIP refers to the occurrence of mutations in hematopoietic STEM cells, which leads to the extension of these mutated cells. Initially it was thought that this is correctly linked to cancer and the development of the leukemia, but it turned out that the occurrence of such mutation is not exclusively seen in patients with leukemia, but actually also healthy persons can acquire such mutation, and has such mutations of blood. So it's an age-dependent phenomenon and with increasing age, up to 20% of the people have such mutations. Cindy St. Hilaire:              Wow, 20%. Stephanie Dimmeler:     If they are old enough. There are a few of such mutations, particularly in these enzymes, which we are also studying in MTCA, or type two, this doesn’t lead to leukemia, but still subject to such mutations die earlier. So they have a poor prognosis. As said it was not linked to leukemia or cancer, but it was shown by Eisner and colleagues and Dr Libby also  that such mutation have a higher risk of dying from coronary artery disease. We have added to this information, and our group is actually working together with the hematology department, that also heart failure patients with such mutations have a very poor prognosis. Cindy St. Hilaire:              Interesting. Maybe when we're talking about clonal hematopoiesis I know in your paper you mentioned, I think it was three or four commonly found mutants. Is there something shared between these genes that are mutated? I know in this study we're focusing on DNMT3A, but what does that do normally and what are some of these other drivers of clonal hematopoiesis, and is there a similar theme to the mutations? Wesley Abplanalp:         Well, I guess I could jump in a little bit. We're looking at DNMT3A, and the other very commonly found gene that's often mutated is TED2, and I think what's really interesting about these two genes is that they can both epigenetically control gene regulation, of course. So one is a DNA methyltransferase and of course the other has the opposite effect. This is not true necessarily for all CHIP-associated mutations, but I do think it is quite interesting that these tend to be the two most abundantly found mutated genes, especially in the context of CHIP, and especially within these heart failure cohorts. Cindy St. Hilaire:              So how common are these mutations? I guess we can specifically talk about DNMT3A. How common is that in the general population as a whole? Do we know that yet? Stephanie Dimmeler:     Yeah, some studies, it's a clear age dependent phenomenon. It depends on the age. In young subjects only very few subjects have such mutations, but with increased age, like 80, for example, you have a significant number and it's even higher if you look at heart failure patients, who have up to 40% of heart failure patients with high age having such mutations. Also, of course I have to say it depends a bit how you count the mutations. It depends where you set the cut off. We, for example, set the cutoff at two percent of mutations carrying DNA in the blood, and it depends with the numbers, depending with how low or how high you set the cut off. Cindy St. Hilaire:              Wow. So really it could be quite high. I guess I didn't realize it was that high. So could you maybe walk us through the study? What did you start with and what analysis did you perform? Wesley Abplanalp:         So with this study, we enrolled subjects with chronic ischemic heart failure. We were beginning there because we'd already found that the patients who have chronic ischemic heart failure and harbored these mutations have a worse prognosis. So our question is clearly there's something in the blood that's happening that's maybe facilitating this. We wanted to know more about this. It was already understood that these cells might be associated with inflammation, but the real question is we wanted to know what the transcriptional signatures would be in these patients. We enrolled six heart failure patients with a DNMT3A mutation. Wesley Abplanalp:         We had already screened through subjects before, and another four subjects with heart failure, with no known CHIP associated mutation. So we screened for 56 mutations that are associated with CHIP or other hematological malignancies. Then this is how we began our cohort. From this, then we took the peripheral blood from these subjects and use the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. So basically it'd be immune cells, which are circulating from these subjects and then performed a droplet single cell RNA sequencing analysis on just these circulating cells. We didn't necessarily enrich any cell type. We were trying to take an unbiased approach to really capture what was happening in the landscape. Then from here, we really dove down into some of the most abundant cell types that are there. For example, the monocytes and the T cells. Cindy St. Hilaire:              That's great. I think I read you found there were no significant changes in the actual types of cells. So both mutant and control populations had similar numbers of different types of cells, but what you did find that was significantly different, was the gene expression profiles within the cells of the mutant versus the controls. Can you talk a little bit about these changes? What was the same and what was different between your groups? Wesley Abplanalp:         Right. So one thing that I think that was really striking, like you're saying, or important, we're not seeing the change in the relative shifts in the abundances of cells. So therefore we can ask what's really happening within the cell. That's where the strength of the technology really has its full effect, I guess. What we're seeing is we were able to kind of add and confirm that the hallmark inflammatory cytokines, like IL-Beta and IL-6, IL-8, for example, were upregulating, this gives us great insights for potential interventions for these subjects, for example. These were quite different. We were also seeing, so we found this in the monocytes, we were also seeing an increase in resistin. So this was at this point, unknown. In resisitin, I think is a really interesting molecule because this is a secreted protein. It's been shown that when endothelial cells are exposed to this, that they become activated. Wesley Abplanalp:         We could also take this in vitro and silence DNTM3A in monocytes, and then we could add the supernatant. So what's secreted from these monocytes and add them to otherwise naive endothelial cells. We could see indices of endothelial cells becoming activated through increases in IL-Beta and BK-1.. We are additionally showing increasing interactions between endothelial cells and monocytes, which had otherwise not been shown before. We are also kind of showing these novel interactions between monocytes and T-cells, which I think is really cool because then you wind up having this capacity for a small number of cells enriching the impact on the greater blood and population. Through the interactions with T-cells and endothelial cells, we wind up seeing strong evidence, for example, for a potential bystander effect. So that for a few rogue cells to really have a much broader impact on these cells in the greater milieu. Cindy St. Hilaire:              Yeah. I found that graphic, your graphical abstract, it was something just really neat to think about in terms of there's this clonal hematopoiesis, but it's not a hundred percent, right? Is that correct? These mutations aren't in every single one of these circulating cells. I was wondering, could you find evidence that the inflammatory, maybe this would be an in vitro study, the inflammatory activation or cytokine release or activation of endothelial cells is better, worse, the same if the monocyte has it versus the T-cell has it, versus both? Are they equal contributors? What, I guess what, in terms of a stepwise progression, where do you think these mutants are more potent? Wesley Abplanalp:         Oh, this is a good question. Cindy St. Hilaire:              If you can speculate. Maybe you can't speculate yet. Wesley Abplanalp:         Yeah, I think at this point, I think it's a lot of speculation. With the monocytes we wind up seeing, I think some of the biggest changes we wind up seeing are just in these cytokine, they turn into kind of a cytokine factory. They just really push out these cytokines. There's a much more mixed response, I think from the T-cells, but inherently the T-cells are a much more diverse population. So it begins to become a little bit difficult to compare because they all have different roles and different functions. Unfortunately, I think it's finding a good T-cell model in vitro, for example, is a little more difficult than recapitulating some of this for monocytes, for example. Cindy St. Hilaire:              I'm not an immunologist, I guess, being a vascular biologist, you're a little bit immunologist always, but what are our abilities to model this in a mouse system? Are these cell types very easily translatable between mouse and human? I know there's different cytokine profiles when we're talking macrophages and things like that, is it similar for T-cells also? Or is that more translatable? Stephanie Dimmeler:     The  proton signature have been observed in type two hetero zygote STEM cell transplants in mice as well. Also, DNTM3A editing has been shown in actually, a very nice Circulation Research paper by Ken Walsh to have an effect also on heart failure. These studies suggest that at least the pro-inflammatory signature in monocytes can be recapitulated as well, can be the phenotypes that grows its development, as shown by [Ken Walsh, and the heart failure phenotypes. I think Cynthia, you've touched upon a very interesting question. Mainly, to what extent is the transcription we are seeing related directly to the mutation of the cell? To what extent can you explain and understand that so many of the cells have this changed signature? I think our data clearly suggests, at least for the monocytes, that it's not only the mutated cell alone. Stephanie Dimmeler:     They have also a channel effect on the other, non-mutated cell, because our percentage of cells which has the mutation is between maybe 2% and 10% to 30% to 40%. We have many more cells which have the inflammatory signature. In the T-cells it's a bit different maybe, but also we have excessive activation. I think we don't know yet the reason. It could be many, but we are really doing, what we are currently doing is to try to target which cell is mutated and which cell is not mutated in humans. Then we can distinguish biochemically between the mutation carriers and the biotype cells, and then we can tell more what happens directly, and what happens secondarily, because of course, if you have an inflammatory cell, this inflammation can influence the neighboring cell as well. In the STEM cell niche, the cells are also in the same environment, so] how much your environment in STEM cell niche, this may also affect the neighboring other hematopoietic STEM cells. This is what I think is the next step to do. Cindy St. Hilaire:              Yeah, that's one thing I was actually thinking about is obviously the clonal hematopoiesis aspect means there is a STEM cell harboring a mutation that is selecting or allowing that population to grow much more efficiently or faster than the non mutant cells. What is that doing to the other STEM cells in that area? Is it inflammation just in the periphery once these cells are differentiated in little packets of cytokine releasing cells, but yeah, what's happening at the level of the niche in terms of these mutations? Stephanie Dimmeler:     A very interesting question. I think it's so far understudied, at least we have no insights, but what is known is that for some heart failure, and acute myocardial infarction also had an impact on the STEM cell niche, so there is activation of the osteogenic niche, there is a change in the vascular niche. So this are maybe effects, which may link also hematopoiesis and the cardiovascular and heart disease on some level, but to know what is he and egg need some more studies to do. Cindy St. Hilaire:              Yeah, yeah. As always, I have that same problem with calcification stuff. What is the cause? What is the consequence? I guess it's ripe for funding and studies. The schematic, your graphical summary is really focusing in on this monocyte T-cell interaction on the endothelium, which is obviously not the heart tissue itself. So how do you envision, this is kind of easy to conceptualize or picture when we're talking about an atherosclerotic plaque, right? It's right at that interface where these blood cells are touching the vasculature, but what do you think is happening to exacerbate or drive the heart failure component regarding clonal hematopoiesis and specifically this mutation? Wesley Abplanalp:         So one thing that we are seeing, and I think that's particularly interesting, is perhaps this interaction between the endothelium, like you were saying, and monocytes. Ken Walsh, and I think others have shown, but Ken Walsh I think had shown that with a DNMT3A loss of function study, that they could see an increase in the extra visation, or these monocytes coming in to the myocardial tissue. That there seemed to be some kind of indices of heart failure that then accompanied this. How or why this was happening I think people didn't really know, but I think there are many ways in which this could happen. If, for example, if these cells are secreting resistin, and there's increased adhesion molecules, and of course there's increased chances for extra visation where these cells can leave the blood and then go into the heart. Cindy St. Hilaire:              Has anyone ever looked at cardiac tissue from patients harboring these mutations and seen differences in either the cardiomyocytes or the cardiac fibroblasts or anything like that? Or is that what you're doing next perhaps, or- Wesley Abplanalp:         Stephanie's smiling. Stephanie Dimmeler:     We tried to, the problem is there's difficulties in these biopsies to get enough material to study the mutation. Cindy St. Hilaire:              Of course. Stephanie Dimmeler:     So far, the problem with the patients also incomparison to mice models that we have to clean off the circulating blood, which may also be stuck in the tissue. Therefore, we have some results, but not yet for publishing because the reviewers will make us pass time to make this more confusing. So, as soon as we can detect by single cell on a sequencing or nuclear sequencing, the mutated cells and the non-mutated cells, then we have a chance to get more insights. So far, we cannot distinguish really the cardiac monocytes versus the circulating monocytes, which makes our study a bit more difficult. Really I can add one more point to your previous question. Cindy St. Hilaire:              Sure. Stephanie Dimmeler:     I think one, an interesting message of our paper would also be that if you have proinflammatory monocytes coming from the circulation into the heart, and our study will claim that they are more likely to hold through the heart tissue and then invade, because endothelial affects the capacity. Then they may replace the cardiac macrophages, which would be seen as a more physiological and protected type of cell, which is involved, as we know in electrical continuation and so on. Then we have these bone marrow cells, which are increasing in holding and this of course could aggravate all the heart failure in addition to the cytokines they are producing. I think, finally, also one shouldn't neglect the T-cell. T-cells are known to play a role in heart failure, and if we have activation of T-cells, which we have to prove now in the cardiac tissue, but at least in the circulation here, I would assume that this is the case. This could have also consequences of course, and could link hematopoiesis to heart failure phenotypes as well. Cindy St. Hilaire:              So where do you think this will go in the future? How could this knowledge, and possibly even single cell sequencing technology, be leveraged for therapies in the future? Stephanie Dimmeler:     So my wish would be that our data would be leading to a type of guided therapy. If we understand better which mutation affects which pathways, or which genes, we may use specific anti-inflammatory treatments, not global anti-inflammatory treatments, but more specified or specific treatment strategies to target patients with mutations. I think single cell sequencing is a very good way to start it. Followed by proteomics and then other -omic technologies. This is actually what I would wish we could do with it, which other people hopefully start some pilot trials with patients and try some treatments, but we could maybe get even further insights by the single cell data. Then the responses also of the treatments, the single cell sequencing, you can see, but it can normalize the phenotype, which would be, of course, the wish. Cindy St. Hilaire:              That would be amazing because we tried in the Cantos Trial to just, let's block inflammation and see what happens. There were certain populations where it seemed to have a much greater effect than others, and maybe targeting clonal hematopoiesis could help tweak or tighter those therapies. This was a great study. I want to commend you both on this excellent story and thank you so much for joining me today. Stephanie Dimmeler:     Thank you very much. Nice to see you again. Wesley Abplanalp:         Thank you. Cindy St. Hilaire:              That's it for the highlights from the January 8th and January 22nd issues of Circulation Research. Thank you for listening. Please check out the CircRes Facebook page and follow us on Twitter and Instagram with the handle @CircRes and #DiscoverCircRes. Thank you to our guests, Doctors Stephanie Dimmeler and Wesley Abplanalp. This podcast is produced by Rebecca McTavish and Ashara Ratnayaka, edited by Melissa Stoner, and supported by the Editorial Team of Circulation Research. Some of the copy text for the highlighted articles is provided by Ruth Williams. I'm your host, Dr Cindy St. Hilaire, and this is Discover CircRes, your on-the-go source for the most exciting discoveries in basic cardiovascular research.  

Find out more on our website: https://bit.ly/3pEJeJW Z/Yen conducts an irregular series of short webinars, CommunityZ Chest, featuring people from its various communities and clubs, viz. technology, financial services, civil society, and business. These webinars provide an opportunity to meet people from the wider CommunityZ, to share ideas, and to make connections. This CommunityZ Chest features Professor D'Maris Coffman. If you would like to read D'Maris's suggested publications on Political Economy, you can find them below: A European Public Investment Outlook The Political Economy of the Eurozone Professor D'Maris Coffman is the Director (Head of Department) of BSCPM. She is the Professor in Economics and Finance of the Built Environment at the Bartlett. She joined UCL in September 2014 as a Senior Lecturer. In February 2017, and was appointed Interim Director of BSCPM. In late January 2018, she was appointed to her professorial chair. D'Maris is Managing Editor of Elsevier's Structural Change and Economic Dynamics and on the honorary editorial boards of The Journal of Cleaner Production, Economia Politica, L'Industria and the Chinese Journal of Population, Resources and Environment. She is a Fellow of Goodenough College, where several of their doctoral students are residential members. She is also a Visiting Professor at the University of Milan (Statale), a Guest Professor at Beijing Institute of Technology and a Visiting Professor of Renmin University of China. Before coming to UCL, D'Maris spent six years as a fellow of Newnham College where she variously held a junior research fellowship (Mary Bateson Research Fellowship), a post as a college lecturer and teaching fellow, and a Leverhulme ECF. In July 2009, she started the Centre for Financial History, which she directed through December 2014. It is still going strong, but has moved from Newnham College to Darwin College in line with the affiliation of its new director. D'Maris did her undergraduate training at the Wharton School in managerial and financial economics and her PhD in the School of Arts & Sciences at the University of Pennsylvania. While at Penn, her doctoral research in the UK was funded in part by the Mellon Foundation under the guise of an IHR pre-doctoral fellowship and an SSRC international dissertation fellowship. She has lived in the UK more or less continuously since 2005 (with a brief nine-month stint back at Penn in 2007/8 to finish her PhD and teach as a departmental lecturer), and thus holds both American and British citizenship.

In this episode of #TheNewAbnormal, I interview Ben Hughes, Professor at the Beijing Institute of Technology. (He's also a consultant at, and an ex-professor of, the Central Academy of Fine Arts School of Design in Beijing; and was previously a consultant at the Innovation Centre, Central St Martins + the Course Director MA Ind Design at CSM). In this episode, we discuss his fascinating experience of working in China over the last decade, and of his viewpoints on all things relating to design / creativity / education. Along the way, we cover the different approaches taken to technology, as illustrated by the 'G-Mafia vs the BAT' i.e. Google / Microsoft / Amazon / Facebook / IBM / Apple vs Baidu / Alibaba / Tencent. And of course, Ben talks about design theory, the practicalities of life under the C19 lockdown in Beijing, and of the view from China, looking back to Europe.

Jerome Glen (https://www.linkedin.com/in/jeromecglenn/)Jerome is the Executive Director of the Millennium Project, with a focus on Creating a sustainable global collective intelligence System and also houses the largest collection of internationally peer-reviewed methods to explore the future. Jerome Specializes in global futures research, global scenarios, and strategies to address global challenges. He manages a participatory think tank of 63 Nodes around the world that conduct futures research on science and technology, environment, energy, and collective intelligenceMarcus Anthony (https://www.linkedin.com/in/marcus-anthony-74831524/) Marcus is an Associate Professor of Futures Studies at the Beijing Institute of Technology. He writes books, articles and popular pieces about the future, and gives public talks and workshops. He likes to explore Deep Futures – profound, meaningful and sustainable visions of tomorrow. He is also the coordinator of the Global Talent 2050 platform and Foresight advisor for the Research and Development Center for Future Civilisation and Talent at the Beijing Institute of TechnologyABOUT THIS EPISODEIn this dialogue we discuss Collective intelligence, the importance of feedback and challenges of information overload, the value of intelligence, wisdom and embodiment, the role of intuition and logic for decision making about the future, how levels based systems create inherent bias and how spherical systems help to overcome bias and the need for more cognitive diversity in the future. Let's listen.www.haku.global

Tune in to Episode 13 of the PA Talks series with Ma Yansong, the founder and principal of MAD Architects. Ma is the first Chinese architect to win an overseas landmark-building project. Ma holds a Bachelor's degree from the Beijing Institute of Civil Engineering and Architecture, and a Master's Degree in Architecture from Yale University. His interests lie in exploring contemporary architectural design with regards to eastern values of nature, resulting in complex geometries. Parallel to his design practice, he also explores the cultural values of cities and architecture through domestic and international solo exhibitions, publications, and artworks. MAD has yielded a series of imaginative works including Absolute Towers, Harbin Opera House, Hutong Bubbles, and Chaoyang Park Plaza. I hope you enjoy the podcast. Watch this podcast on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kyrYD6Upp5Y Listen on: Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/tr/podcast/pa-talks/id1503812708 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4P442GMuRk0VtBtNifgKhU Google Podcasts: https://podcasts.google.com/search/pa%20talks Support us on Patreon: patreon.com/parametricarchitecture Follow the platform on: Parametric Architecture: https://www.instagram.com/parametric.architecture/ PA Talks: https://www.instagram.com/pa__talks Website: https://parametric-architecture.com/patalks/

Vaccine 411 061120This is Vaccine 4-1-1, As the race for a COVID-19 vaccine continues, here are the numbers:136 vaccines are in development, according to the World Health Organization. 126 are in pre-clinical trials. 7 are in Phase 1 Clinical Trials2 are in Phase 2 one each from the U.S. and China1 is in Phase 2b/3 in the United KingdomOn this episode of Vaccine 411… a dive in to The University of Oxford and AstraZeneca's leading candidate. First, the news… Good news from Johnson and Johnson, they are ahead of schedule and will begin Phase I early stage human trials in late July as opposed to September. NBC news reports, Johnson and Johnson are using the same technology they employed in their experimental Ebola vaccine in late 2019. If the vaccine is a success, they intend to have 600 to 900 million doses available by April 2021. Reuters reports The Beijing Institute of Biological Products, published a paper in “Cell” medical journal, noting that their vaccine has triggered high level, neutralizing antibodies that can block the virus from infecting cells. And that it raised no safety issues in monkeys. A phase I human trial is under way. Coronavirus Task Force Member Dr. Fauci, told CNN the U.S. Government will help fund three Phase III vaccine studies: Moderna, Johnson and Johnson and Oxford University/AstraZeneca. The Jenner Institute at Oxford University had a bit of a head start in the race for the COVID-19 vaccine. The lab had previously developed the technology needed for the vaccine while working on other viruses, including a close cousin of COVID-19. They were able to adapt and modify a weakened version of the common cold virus with spike glycoprotein from the COVID-19 virus. Tricking the body in to fighting the fake COVID-19 virus and creating antibodies for future protection from the real virus. Phase I trials began in April with over 1,000 participants, Phase II saw an increase in age range, Phase III will add 10,000 participants in the UK, 30,000 in the U.S. and 2,000 in Brazil to monitor how well the vaccine works on the larger sample. Participants will randomly receive one or two doses of the potential vaccine or a licensed vaccine as a “control” for comparison. Results are expected in August, which means there could be a vaccine ready by September. The University partnered with British pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca in April to develop, manufacture and distribute the vaccine if successful. The British and U.S. government are also funding development. If successful, the UK will receive 100 million doses, followed by the U.S. with 300 million. Side note, according to MarketWatch, AstraZeneca has a 7.7% stake in Moderna, the Massachusetts based company that also has a promising vaccine candidate. For the latest updates, subscribe for free to Vaccine 411 on your podcast app or ask your smart speaker to play the Vaccine 411 podcast. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

1. PM Modi, in his address to the nation at 10 am today urged people to follow lockdown measures until May 3. The lockdown was about to end on April 14. He urged young scientists to take lead in creating coronavirus vaccine. 2. Modi said that an evaluation of places will soon happen to see if lockdown has been followed in tne region or not. He said that until 20th April, every town, every police station, every district, every state will be evaluated on how much the lockdown is being followed. The extent to which the region has protected itself from Coronavirus will be noted. Areas that will succeed in this litmus test, which will not be in the hot-spot category, and will have less likelihood to turn into a hot-spot; maybe allowed to open up select necessary activities from 20th April. 3. As PM Modi extends lockdown until May 3, all passenger train services on Indian Railways including Premium trains, Mail/Express trains, Passenger trains, Suburban Trains, Kolkata Metro Rail, Konkan Railway etc shall continue to remain cancel till the 2400hrs of 3rd May 2020, announced Minstry of Railways through tweet. 4. A 26-year-old woman from Mizoram tested positive for coronavirus in Mumbai. She has been admitted to a hospital in Mizoram where she is undergoing treatment, claim reports. Mizoram has become the 5th Northeast State to get COVID-19 testing lab. 5. Swiggy is now all set to deliver essential commodities including groceries, medicines during lockdown. It has now started services in 125 cities. It has now partnered with Hindustan Unilever Ltd., P&G India, Godrej Consumer Products Ltd., Dabur India Ltd., Marico Ltd., Vishal Mega Mart Pvt. Ltd., Adani Wilmar Ltd., Cipla Ltd, to make sure customers get timely supply of essential commodities. Customers can access tabs called Grocery and Genie for their requirements. 6. As Assam & Meghalaya resume sale of liquor, more states might follow soon. There might be some ease in liquor sales in other states to raise revenue, claim reports. 7. The government in Karnataka might soon start auctioning 12,000 Bengaluru Development Authority sites to raise cash. It might also allow regularization of unauthorised construction sights in the state for a fee. According to reports, liquor sale might also resume soon. 8. World over vaccine trails are being carried out to find a solution for coronavirus. According to World Health Organization, 70 potential vaccines are currently under consideration out of which few have reached advanced stage. An experimental vaccine developed by Hong Kong-listed CanSino Biologics Inc. and the Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, which is in phase 2, is undergoing trials. U.S. drugmakers Moderna Inc. and Inovio Pharmaceuticals Inc are developing treatments separately. These are now being tested on humans having bypassed preliminary stages, claim reports. 9. South African leader Tshekede Pitso loved his car so much that he wanted to be be buried with it. The 72-year-old was buried in his Mercedes Benz E500 in a bright outfit. He was buried in a seating position right behind the wheels. He love his car very much. That's where he took his last breath while listening to music. The funeral was carried out amid restrictions caused due to the coronavirus pandemic.

Our guest this week is Kelly Strange, who has worked her way through being a student to becoming the Associate Dean at London College of Fashion (UAL). She was born in London but grew up in Hertfordshire, but living in Hertfordshire didn’t suit at all, so she begun dressing in a London style to show how much she needed to be there, she is very much a city girl. After leaving school, Kelly went into advertising, working with lifestyle and entertainment brands, after a short stint there she went to study her degree in photography, but studied at a fashion university. After finishing her degree, she became fashion photographer, but quickly noticed she much preferred the academic side of the industry and couldn’t handle the anxieties of freelance life. So after a couple of years of being freelance, she went to Goldsmiths to do a masters in Image & Communication theory and practice, she was the only person in her masters doing fashion and it was there she got offered a job at South East Essex College. Kelly became a teacher in contextual studies on a photography course at SSEC, teaching on a Higher National Diploma course on Further Education and soon became course leader, having never done this before- it was a 3 day a week position. After being course leader for a while, she then actually wrote a degree course for SSEC and ran it. At the same time London College of Fashion asked her to do some lecturing on her days off and later became course leader for the same course she studied years earlier. She is an alumni of the course she was running. Quickly working her way through the ranks, Kelly became programme director, running the fashion communication programme, eventually landing in her current position as Associate Dean (deputy head) so works over all the courses at LCOF. As well as this, she then got the opportunity to teach the same courses in Hong Kong and did so for 5 years, then moved back to the big smoke but still works closely with the Beijing Institute of Fashion and Technology. Clearly a taste for the academe, alongside working, Kelly is doing her PHD at weekends on how we receive fashion media but from a philosophical frame work - which is about how fashion effects our being in the world - doing this she’s found out that online relationships are now a dimension of our being as they are so embedded. Kelly claims she’s never been a true fashionista, but somehow she’s managed to work her way to the top of London College of Fashion and write a PhD. Very impressive! Stay tuned as the podcast grows in a positive way! If you feel like you need to talk to someone: youngminds.org.uk/ www.helpmusicians.org.uk/ www.mind.org.uk/ www.time-to-change.org.uk/ www.samaritans.org/ hubofhope.co.uk www.maisondechoup.co.uk Follow us on: Instagram - @maisondechoup 
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Gudrun talks with Changjing Zhuge. He is a guest in the group of Lennart Hilbert and works at the College of applied sciences and the Beijing Institute for Scientific and Engineering Computing (BISEC) at the Beijing University of Technology. He is a mathematician who is interested in system biology. In some cases he studies delay differential equations or systems of ordinary differential equations to characterize processes and interactions in the context of cancer research. The inbuilt delays originate e.g. from the modeling of hematopoietic stem cell populations. Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to other blood cells. Chemotherapy is frequently accompanied by unwished for side effects to the blood cell production due to the character of the drugs used. Often the production of white blood cells is hindered, which is called neutropenia. In an effort to circumvent that, together with chemotherapy, one treats the patient with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). To examine the effects of the typical periodic chemotherapy in generating neutropenia, and the corresponding response of this system to given to G-CSF Changjing and his colleagues studied relatively simple but physiologically realistic mathematical models for the hematopoietic stem cells. And these models are potential for modeling of other stem-like biosystems such as cancers. The delay in the system is related to the platelet maturation time and the differentiation rate from hematopoietic stem cells into the platelet cell. Changjing did his Bachelor in Mathematics at the Beijing University of Technology (2008) and continued with a PhD-program in Mathematics at the Zhou-Peiyuan Center for Applied Mathematics, Tsinghua University, China. He finished his PhD in 2014. During his time as PhD student he also worked for one year in Michael C Mackey's Lab at the Centre for Applied Mathematics in Bioscience and Medicine of the McGill University in Montreal (Canada). References C. Zhuge, M.C. Mackey, J. Lei: Origins of oscillation patterns in cyclical thrombocytopeniaJournal of Theoretical Biology 462,432-445, 2019. C. Zhuge, X. Sun, J. Lei: On positive solutions and the Omega limit set for a class of delay differential equations. Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - Series B, 18(9), 2487~2503, 2013. C. Zhuge, M.C. Mackey, J. Lei: Neutrophil dynamics in response to chemotherapy and G-CSF Journal of Theoretical Biology 293, 111-120 2012.Podcasts L. Hilbert, G. Thäter: Zellkerne, Gespräch im Modellansatz Podcast, Folge 206, Fakultät für Mathematik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), 2019. M. Gonciarz, G. Thäter: Portrait of Science, Gespräch im Modellansatz Podcast, Folge 197, Fakultät für Mathematik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), 2019. G. Thäter, K. Page: Embryonic Patterns, Gespräch im Modellansatz Podcast, Folge 161, Fakultät für Mathematik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), 2018. L. Adlung, G. Thäter, S. Ritterbusch: Systembiologie, Gespräch im Modellansatz Podcast, Folge 39, Fakultät für Mathematik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), 2016. Omega Tau-Podcast 072: Forschung in der Zellbiologie, 2011. J. Schmoranze, I. Wessolowski: Beim Herrn der Mikroskope – AMBIO Core Facility, Sciencekompass Podcast, Episode 009 B, 2017.

Gudrun talks with Changjing Zhuge. He is a guest in the group of Lennart Hilbert and works at the College of applied sciences and the Beijing Institute for Scientific and Engineering Computing (BISEC) at the Beijing University of Technology. He is a mathematician who is interested in system biology. In some cases he studies delay differential equations or systems of ordinary differential equations to characterize processes and interactions in the context of cancer research. The inbuilt delays originate e.g. from the modeling of hematopoietic stem cell populations. Hematopoietic stem cells give rise to other blood cells. Chemotherapy is frequently accompanied by unwished for side effects to the blood cell production due to the character of the drugs used. Often the production of white blood cells is hindered, which is called neutropenia. In an effort to circumvent that, together with chemotherapy, one treats the patient with granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). To examine the effects of the typical periodic chemotherapy in generating neutropenia, and the corresponding response of this system to given to G-CSF Changjing and his colleagues studied relatively simple but physiologically realistic mathematical models for the hematopoietic stem cells. And these models are potential for modeling of other stem-like biosystems such as cancers. The delay in the system is related to the platelet maturation time and the differentiation rate from hematopoietic stem cells into the platelet cell. Changjing did his Bachelor in Mathematics at the Beijing University of Technology (2008) and continued with a PhD-program in Mathematics at the Zhou-Peiyuan Center for Applied Mathematics, Tsinghua University, China. He finished his PhD in 2014. During his time as PhD student he also worked for one year in Michael C Mackey's Lab at the Centre for Applied Mathematics in Bioscience and Medicine of the McGill University in Montreal (Canada). References C. Zhuge, M.C. Mackey, J. Lei: Origins of oscillation patterns in cyclical thrombocytopeniaJournal of Theoretical Biology 462,432-445, 2019. C. Zhuge, X. Sun, J. Lei: On positive solutions and the Omega limit set for a class of delay differential equations. Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - Series B, 18(9), 2487~2503, 2013. C. Zhuge, M.C. Mackey, J. Lei: Neutrophil dynamics in response to chemotherapy and G-CSF Journal of Theoretical Biology 293, 111-120 2012.Podcasts L. Hilbert, G. Thäter: Zellkerne, Gespräch im Modellansatz Podcast, Folge 206, Fakultät für Mathematik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), 2019. M. Gonciarz, G. Thäter: Portrait of Science, Gespräch im Modellansatz Podcast, Folge 197, Fakultät für Mathematik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), 2019. G. Thäter, K. Page: Embryonic Patterns, Gespräch im Modellansatz Podcast, Folge 161, Fakultät für Mathematik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), 2018. L. Adlung, G. Thäter, S. Ritterbusch: Systembiologie, Gespräch im Modellansatz Podcast, Folge 39, Fakultät für Mathematik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), 2016. Omega Tau-Podcast 072: Forschung in der Zellbiologie, 2011. J. Schmoranze, I. Wessolowski: Beim Herrn der Mikroskope – AMBIO Core Facility, Sciencekompass Podcast, Episode 009 B, 2017.

Dr Marcus T Anthony is an author, educator and futurist who currently lives and works in Zhuhai, southern China. He has fifteen years of experience in the China region and has worked in Education for twenty-five years, teaching and researching in Australia, New Zealand, mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. He has held positions at The University of Melbourne, Beijing No. 2 Foreign Language Institute, the International School of Beijing, and the University of Wales in Sichuan. Anthony is currently Associate Professor of Futures Studies at the Beijing Institute of Technology (Zhuhai) and the coordinator of the Global Talent 2050 platform.

Dr Marcus T Anthony is an author, educator and futurist who currently lives and works in Zhuhai, southern China. He has fifteen years of experience in the China region and has worked in Education for twenty-five years, teaching and researching in Australia, New Zealand, mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan. He has held positions at The University of Melbourne, Beijing No. 2 Foreign Language Institute, the International School of Beijing, and the University of Wales in Sichuan. Anthony is currently Associate Professor of Futures Studies at the Beijing Institute of Technology (Zhuhai) and the coordinator of the Global Talent 2050 platform.

Dr Carolyn Lam:                Welcome to Circulation on the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. Dr Greg Hundley:             And I'm Greg Hundley, also associate editor from VCU Health Systems, the Poly Heart Center in Richmond, Virginia. Dr Carolyn Lam:                So arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy that will make most of us think of right ventricular disease and fatty infiltration of the muscle, but could arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy really be a bi-ventricular disease? Well you've got to stay tuned to find out more in a fantastic interview coming right up after our little coffee chat. So Greg, what are your picks this week? Dr Greg Hundley:             My first paper is from Chris Lim at NYU in New York. And it's looking at the relationship between Mediterranean diet, air pollution and cardiovascular events.                                                 So, it's unknown whether usual individual dietary patterns can modify the association between long-term air pollution exposure and health outcomes. And so, in this large cohort with detailed diet information at the individual level, they had 548000 individuals across six states and two cities within the U.S. and a follow up period of 17 years. And that occurred between 1995 and 2011. And they evaluated whether a Mediterranean Diet modified the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and then cardiovascular disease and mortality risk. And so, the average exposures to parts per billion and nitric oxide air pollution that the residential census track level were measured, and the investigators found that for the particulate matter there were elevated significant associations with cardiovascular disease. So, a hazard ratio of 1.13, ischemic heart disease similar hazard ratio and cerebrovascular disease with also a similar hazard ratio.                                                 For the nitric oxide, there were also significant associations with cardiovascular disease, as well as ischemic heart disease. And then the analysis indicated that Mediterranean diet modified the relationships. Those with a higher Mediterranean diet score had significantly lower rates of air pollution related mortality. These results therefore indicate Carolyn, that Mediterranean diet reduce cardiovascular disease mortality related to long-term exposure to air pollutants in a large perspective, U.S. cohort. Can you believe increased consumption of foods rich in antioxidant compounds actually may aid in reducing the considerable disease burden associated with ambient air pollution? Dr Carolyn Lam:                Oh wow. That is hugely interesting. Gosh, what do we do about this clinically now?  Dr Greg Hundley:            Remember, first of all, this is an associate study, so we can't infer cause effect. And what we need next are some more independent studies from other cities around the world, prospective cohorts, examinations of clinical outcomes and randomize interventions. And so, I think the results add to a growing body of literature suggesting that dietary patterns may help reduce cardiovascular events in these high air pollution exposure areas. And how does this work? Well, potentially through augmenting antioxidants and reducing oxidative stress. Dr Carolyn Lam:                That's really cool. So from one region, talking about air pollution to another region that often reports about air pollution and that's China. But this study from China is actually the largest registry study to evaluate sex related differences and hospital management and outcomes of patients with acute coronary syndrome in China.                                                 This is from corresponding author Dr Zhao from Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease. With colleagues of the improving care for cardiovascular disease in China, Acute Coronary Syndrome project, which is an ongoing nationwide registry of the American Heart Association and the Chinese Society of Cardiology. So, the authors use data from this project and evaluate at sex differences in the acute management, medical therapies for secondary prevention and in hospital mortality in more than 82000 patients admitted for acute coronary syndrome in 192 hospitals across China from 2014 to 2018. Dr Greg Hundley:             What did they show in this study? Dr Carolyn Lam:                They showed that women hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome in China less frequently received acute treatments and strategies for secondary prevention and had a higher in hospital mortality rate than men. Now the observed sex differences in this in hospital mortality were likely due to older age, worse clinical profiles and fewer evidence base acute treatments provided to women. And that's because the sex differences were no longer observed after adjustment for these clinical characteristics and acute treatments.                                                 What this all means though is specifically targeted quality improvement programs may be warranted to narrow these sex related disparities in patients with acute coronary syndrome in China.  Dr Greg Hundley:            Very interesting. I'm going to take sort of the next paper and it's looking at a different aspect of acute myocardial infarction. And these papers from Yong Wang from the Division of Molecular and Translational Cardiology at Hannover Medical School in Hanover, Germany.                                                 Now as we know, the heart can undergo deleterious changes and left ventricular geometry and function during that vulnerable period before scar formation has stabilized the infarct area. And so inflammatory cell trafficking from hematopoietic organs like the spleen to sites of tissue injury is coordinated by chemokine chemokine receptor networks. Therapeutically modulating these chemokine chemokine receptor interactions may promote infarct healing by limiting excessive inflammation induced tissue damage or by enhancing the recruitment of angiogenic cell populations to the infarct or the wound. Inflammatory cell trafficking after a myocardial infarction is controlled by a CXC motif chemokine ligand 12 or CXCL12 and its receptor CXC motif chemokine receptor 4. CXC receptor 4 antagonists, mobilize inflammatory cells and promote infarct repair. But the cellular mechanisms are unclear.                                                 So, what do these investigators do? In mouse models, the investigators found that inflammatory cell trafficking between a hematopoietic organs and sites of tissue injury is controlled by CXCL12 and its receptor CXC receptor 4. And bolus injectives of a highly selected peptidic macrocycles CXC receptor 4 antagonist, enhanced tissue repair and functional recovery after re-perfused acute myocardial infarction in mice. And interestingly, the therapeutic effects require a dendritic cell priming and we're specifically mediated by t-regulator cells. Intermittent CXC R4 blockade mobilized the t-regulator cells from their splenic reservoir. Leading to their enhanced recruitment to the infarct region. Dr Carolyn Lam:                So bring it home for us, Greg. What does this mean clinically for MI management in humans? Dr Greg Hundley:             Right. Highlighting the translational potential. What we might infer is that CXC receptor 4 blockade reduces infarct volume and improved systolic function in a porcine close chest model of re-perfuse acute myocardial infarction.                                                 And so, the results of both the mouse experiments and this sort of translational model in pigs should stimulate further research into therapeutic potential of CXC R4 blockade after MI and in other acute conditions were excessive, innate or adaptive immune responses cause immunopathology. Dr Carolyn Lam:                Fascinating. So from one preclinical paper to another, but this time focused on heart failure. And focus specifically on titin. Titin is this giant elastic protein that spans the half-sarcomere from the Z-disk to the M band, and it acts like a molecular spring and a mechanosensor that has been linked to striated muscle disease. Now the pathways that govern tight independent cardiac growth and contribute to disease are diverse and have been really difficult to dissect. And so corresponding author Dr Gotthardt, from Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine and the German Center for Cardiovascular Research and his colleagues aimed to study titin deficiency versus titin dysfunction.                                                 And how they did that is they generated and compared striatum muscles specific knockouts with progressive postnatal loss of the complete titin protein. And that's by removing Exxon 2. Or an M-band truncation that eliminates the proper structure and integration, but retains all the other functional domains. So they then evaluated cardiac function, cardiomyocytes mechanics, and the molecular basis of the phenotype. Now, what they found was that progressive depletion of titin led to sarcomere disassembly an atrophy in striated muscle. And in the complete knockout, remaining titin molecules had increased strain resulting in mechanically induce trophic signaling and eventual dilated cardiomyopathy.                                                 On the other hand, the truncated titin helped maintain passive properties and thus reduced mechanically and do signaling. In other words, truncations versus loss of titin, differentially affected cardiac pathology with atrophy versus dilated cardiomyopathy respectively. And together, these findings really contribute to the molecular understanding of why titin mutations differentially affect cardiac growth and have implications importantly for genotype, phenotype relations that support a personalized approach to the diverse titinopathy. Dr Greg Hundley:             Interesting, Carolyn. All this information on titin. So why is it clinically important? Dr Carolyn Lam:                Well, first of all, tightened mutations are the most common genetic basis of heart disease and the findings are clinically relevant, as I said, for understanding the genotype phenotype relations at the Titin mutation. But understanding the integration of Titin based signaling and sarcomere biology could indeed help personalize diagnostics by improved clinical decisions and maybe identify suitable therapeutic targets for these titinopathy. But that of course requires much further work. Well that brings us to the end of our summaries. Let's go to our feature discussion.  Dr Greg Hundley:            Welcome everyone to our second segment of our program. We're discussing an interesting paper today entitled Sudden Death and Left Ventricular Involvement in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy. And we want to welcome our coauthors Elijah Behr and Mary Sheppard from St George's University in London. And also, our own associate editor, Sami Viskin to discuss this paper. Mary, can you tell us a little bit about your study design here, the population and the hypothesis and some of your results? Dr Mary Sheppard:          I am a cardiac pathologist of 20 years and I have a special interest in sudden death. Over this time, I've established a national pathology database, where pathologists throughout the country when they have a sudden death, which is likely cardiac and non-ischemic, they will send the heart or tissue blocks insides to me for my opinion concerning the death. We have as a result developed a large number, over 5200 cases which has now built up to 6000. It's the largest pathological series in the world.                                                 And I was also discovering the pathologists were either under or over diagnosing all types of cardiomyopathy but particularly ergogenic cardiomyopathy. And that is why with Chris Miles, our research fellow, we looked in detail at what I had diagnosed, or the pathologist as ergogenic cardiomyopathy and we actually honed are pathological diagnostic criteria for this very important entity. Establishing that left ventricular is five and ventricular and left and ventricular is the norm almost. That right or left ventricular is unusual by themselves and even in 20%, one in five, the heart can look macroscopically normal. So that histology is essential when you're making this diagnosis. You cannot make the diagnosis pathologically without histologically examining the heart. Dr Greg Hundley:             Very good, Mary. And did you also examine some genetic markers in some of the subsets of the patients? And how did you decide who those individuals would be that received the genetic analysis? Dr Mary Sheppard:          A small subset and I will hand over to Elijah Behr, my colleague concerning that. Dr Elijah Behr:                   The genetic tissue is only available in a minority of cases. We've developed a pipeline now with the referring pathologists who are increasingly they're sending samples of spleen suitable for DNA extraction that allow us then to do a retrospective postmortem genetic testing or molecular autopsy. But unfortunately, in this particular series we only had a small proportion. I think there were roughly about 24 out of the 202 cases, so just over ten percent. And interestingly, while we didn't necessarily mirror the expected yield of genetic testing that is seen in clinical cases, where you may see about 40% carrying pathogenic variance. We certainly picked up some important pathogenic variance, particularly those that are often associated with highly penetrant and more severe disease. In particular TMEM43 and desmoplakin. These findings may reflect the small size of the sample, but it also may reflect where the greatest risk for sudden death from ergogenic cardiomyopathy lies. Dr Greg Hundley:             Elijah, getting back to some of the patients that experienced the sudden death in the study population Mary was referring to, were there characteristics that were associated with the sudden death? For example, those that might be related to gender or activity? Dr Elijah Behr:                   So the majority of the cases were male. The majority has never had prior symptoms. These were unheralded deaths. The majority did not have a family history and I think the majority were addressed, but those that were athletes, we're much more likely to have died during exertion. So as we found with ergogenic cardiomyopathy in general and exertion is a trigger to sudden death. The risk was higher and compared to the athletes in death during exertion was associated with being younger as well. I think exertion and sports clearly play a role in ergogenic cardiomyopathy. It didn't appear to play a role in whether there was left ventricular involvement or not, but certainly a role at more severe presentation.  Dr Greg Hundley:            Maybe both Mary and Elijah answering this. You found histopathological evidence of fibrosis and fatty infiltration. How extensive was that? And do you think that could be identified with a test like maybe magnetic resonance imaging? Dr Mary Sheppard:          Yes. Our diagnostic criteria which is illustrated in the addendum is that it was at least two blocks of tissue. We always look at 10 to 12 to 15 blocks of tissue from both right and left ventricle. And at least two of the blocks had to have fibrosis with fat in 20% of the area examined. We did not include inflammation because inflammation is, an important histological criterion in our experience. We were very precise about that because you need that much at least to make the diagnosis. A little bit of fibrosis or a little bit of fat is not sufficient by itself. Dr Greg Hundley:             When you mention a block, for us clinically, how much myocardium would that be? For example, on an imaging test like an echo or an MRI scan. Dr Mary Sheppard:          One to two centimeters squared. Dr Greg Hundley:             So quite a bit. Dr Elijah Behr:                   You're looking at probably around two to four millimeters of potential depth of fibrosis. And what we've seen clinically in LV involvement of MRI scans is miss two epicardial late enhancement. Now the question is whether our scans are sensitive enough to pick that up? Given the technology available or a sense to the histopathology and I think that's why maybe some of the clinical studies have tended to miss the true proportion of left ventricular involvement. Because of the relative subtlety of the fibrosis compared to the technological ability to discriminate it. I mean certainly when you look at our cases that were diagnosed previously with cardiomyopathy, either they were arrhythmogenic or dilated, many did have imaging findings if MRI was performed, that would indicate or suggest some left ventricular involvement. But as you know, the task force criteria for arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy having very much right ventricular focus. An LV imaging findings and LV ECG findings are just not part of those at the moment. Dr Greg Hundley:             Was there a particular location within the heart where there was a predilection toward the findings of fibrosis and fat? Dr Mary Sheppard:          In the posterior basal wall particularly, transmural involves going from the epicardium to the sub endocardium and also the interior walls of the left ventricular were the predilection areas. Dr Elijah Behr:                   I think that's what we see on our MRI scans as well. When you look at these patients, that posterior basal area, is the one that tends to light up the most. Dr Mary Sheppard:          It is believed that increased stress in that area gives more damage because of the stretching away from the septum. Dr Greg Hundley:             Very interesting. So Elijah, you had mentioned task force criteria. I want to shift to Sami now and ask, Sami, can you help us put this in perspective relative to the existing task force criteria and then the findings in this study? And how that could lead to subsequent changes down the road?  Dr Sami Viskin:                 Okay, so it is difficult to place this in the context of the task force because mentioned by Elijah, the taskforce are focused on a disease that is believed to be in the right ventricle. And the study shows that many of the sudden death cases will involve the left ventricle. One of the most important messages of this paper is importance of her forensic examination. And importance of making it for anything examination in the center of expertise. We know of patients that will travel a thousand miles to undergo surgery or an ablation procedure, but families do not think that way when there is casualty or family dies. You may take a postmortem as a given, but in many countries, including my own, most cases of sudden death would not be followed by a post mortem and will not go into center of expertise. And you cannot overemphasize the importance of doing that because then you have to know what you are looking for in the remaining relatives is extremely important. Dr Greg Hundley:             Very good. How about from the perspective as an electrophysiologist? Does this impact in any way how you might evaluate a younger person with syncope? Dr Sami Viskin:                  Well, it is difficult to conclude from this paper about how to evaluate patients with syncope because most of the cases in this series don't have symptoms at all. But this paper calls to very interesting investigations by Mario del Mar and others in New York. Looking about the electrophysiology consequences of a disease like right ventricle are like a bit mechanical in [inaudible 00:21:58] The tissues becomes editing the disease, the electrical properties how the patients in brugada can cause malfunction of this sodium channel and create a disease that is more like brugada and dysplasia at the beginning. So, the entire correlation between a morphologic disease and the metrical disease and we used to think they are two different things. And now we see that we can actually put them together and you can go through stages where one disease is before an electrical disease and only at later stages it becomes a morphological evident disease.  Dr Greg Hundley:            A fantastic discussion on pathologic findings. Sami making the point that certainly in cases for young individuals having a postmortem examination performed at centers that have expertise such as what Mary's described, can be very important. And then Elijah, helping us to understand with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, number one, findings are not, we shouldn't just be thinking about the right ventricle in isolation, but also the left ventricle. Fibro fatty infiltration, particularly in the posterior basal wall could be an important thing to look for, for those that are performing the magnetic resonance imaging exams. And then lastly, many of the patients in the study like this, the first presentation was of sudden death. And we need to be cognizant that this condition could be prevalent in the population and not necessarily appreciated by some of our current task force guidelines and examinations. So, what an outstanding discussion. And I think for today, we want to thank our authors and our associate editor and wish everyone a great week.                                                 On behalf of Carolyn and myself, we look forward to seeing you next week. Thank you very much. Dr Carolyn Lam:                This program is copyright American Heart Association 2019.  

In this interview with NCUSCR President Stephen Orlins, Dr. Weijian Shan discusses his new autobiography, Out of the Gobi, about his experience during the Cultural Revolution as a manual laborer in the Gobi Desert. He explains what prompted him to write the book and why learning about the Cultural Revolution is essential to understanding China.  Dr. Shan gave a talk to the National Committee about his book on January 28. Learn more: https://www.ncuscr.org/event/out-gobi   Dr. Weijian Shan is chairman and CEO of PAG, one of the largest private equity firms in Asia. Before joining PAG, he was a partner of TPG, a private equity firm based in San Francisco, and co-managing partner of TPG Asia (formerly known as Newbridge Capital). At TPG, Dr. Shan led a number of landmark transactions including the acquisitions of Korea First Bank and China’s Shenzhen Development Bank, both of which made his investors billions of dollars in profits and were made into case studies of Harvard Business School. Previously, Dr. Shan was a managing director of JP Morgan, a professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and laborer in Inner Mongolia. Despite not attending secondary school, Dr. Shan received an M.A. and Ph.D., both in economics, from the University of California, Berkeley, and an M.B.A. from the Univer­sity of San Francisco. He studied English at the Beijing Institute of Foreign Trade (now the Beijing University of International Business and Economics), where he also taught.

As the chaos of the Cultural Revolution engulfed China, Weijian Shan, age 15, endured years of manual labor in the remote Gobi Desert. Passionate about his education, Shan lost a decade of schooling. Yet, as he describes in his remarkable new autobiography, Out of the Gobi: My Story of China and America, he never gave up on studying. Having only completed elementary school, Dr. Shan attended prestigious academic institutions in the United States beginning in the early 1980’s. Dr. Shan shared his amazing story with the National Committee on January 28.    Dr. Weijian Shan is chairman and CEO of PAG, one of the largest private equity firms in Asia. Before joining PAG, he was a partner of TPG, a private equity firm based in San Francisco, and co-managing partner of TPG Asia (formerly known as Newbridge Capital). At TPG, Dr. Shan led a number of landmark transactions including the acquisitions of Korea First Bank and China’s Shenzhen Development Bank, both of which made his investors billions of dollars in profits and were made into case studies of Harvard Business School. Previously, Dr. Shan was a managing director of JP Morgan, a professor at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and laborer in Inner Mongolia. Despite not attending secondary school, Dr. Shan received an M.A. and Ph.D., both in economics, from the University of California, Berkeley, and an M.B.A. from the Univer­sity of San Francisco. He studied English at the Beijing Institute of Foreign Trade (now the Beijing University of International Business and Economics), where he also taught.

Hong Kong is a vibrant financial and trade center, but it must confront a variety of issues ranging from skyrocketing real estate prices to questions about its status under the “One Country, Two Systems” framework. Kurt W. Tong, Consul General of the U.S. Consulate in Hong Kong and Macau, discussed many of the pressing issues Hong Kong facing Hong Kong, and implications for U.S.-Hong Kong and U.S.-China relations with the National Committee on June 26, 2018.     Kurt W. Tong became the Consul General representing the United States to Hong Kong and Macau in August 2016. As chief of mission, Mr. Tong leads a large interagency team that cooperates with the governments of Hong Kong and Macau in a variety of areas including expansion of trade and bilateral investment; combatting transnational crime; protection of the environment; and educational and cultural exchanges. Prior to his service in Hong Kong, Consul General Tong was the principal deputy assistant secretary for the Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs at the Department of State, the most senior career diplomat handling economic affairs for the State Department. Before that, Mr. Tong served as the deputy chief of mission and chargé d’affaires at the U.S. Embassy in Tokyo. Earlier, he was the U.S. ambassador for Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), managing all aspects of U.S. participation in APEC, while concurrently serving as economic coordinator for the Department's Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs. Mr. Tong has been a diplomat since 1990, including service as director for Asian affairs at the National Security Council from 2006 to 2008 and as economic minister-counselor in Seoul from 2003 to 2006. Prior to that, he served as counselor for environment, science and health at the U.S. Embassy in Beijing, deputy treasury attaché in Tokyo, and economic officer in Manila. Consul General Tong was a visiting scholar at the Tokyo University faculty of economics from 1995 to 1996. Before joining the Foreign Service, he was an associate with the Boston Consulting Group in Tokyo. Consul General Tong holds a B.A. from Princeton University, and studied economics at the U.S. Foreign Service Institute. He has also studied at the Beijing Institute of Education, Inter-University Program for Chinese Language Studies in Taipei, Inter-University Center for Japanese Language Studies in Tokyo, and International Christian University in Tokyo.

It has been 29 years since the Tiananmen Incident in June 4, 1989. Winmas Yu talked to Mr Zheng Fang, a former student in the Beijing Institute of Physical Education, who was ran over by the Chinese Army’s tank during the evacuation of the Tiananmen Square in the early morning of June 4, which led to the amputation of both his legs. - 「六四事件」踏入 29 週年紀念。余睿章特意訪問當年參與學生運動而遭坦克輾斷雙腳的前北京體育學院學生方政，為大家口述當年的經歷。

2017-06-19 Special EnglishThis is Special English. I'm Mark Griffiths in Beijing. Here is the news.President Xi Jinping says expanded economic cooperation among members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization will benefit the region. Speaking at the annual summit of the organization in Astana, Kazakhstan, Chinese President Xi Jinping called for deepening practical cooperation, as regional integration and economic globalization are the trends of the time, and it is important for them to bring benefits to all countries and peoples.To mobilize more resources and the driving force for practical cooperation under the organization framework, China supports the establishment of a mechanism for sub-national cooperation and has vigorously promoted small and medium-sized enterprises cooperation by its initiatives of economic think-tanks alliance and e-commerce alliance of the organization.Bilateral trade relations have grown closer between China and other member countries, as trade facilitation has improved, with China becoming the largest trading partner of Russia and Kyrgyzstan.Meanwhile, mutual investment has grown steadily, with China's non-financial direct investment in other members as of April 2017 amounting to 74 billion U.S. dollars and investment in the opposite direction totaling 1 billion U.S. dollars.Senior Chinese officials highlighted achievements in establishing economic and trade cooperation zones, noting that China has built a total of 21 such cooperation zones within other countries, helping to expand local employment and increase tax revenue.This is Special English.Europe has found itself at the frontline in the fight against terrorism. The sight of armed soldiers on the streets of European cities has become all too familiar.The spotlight has swung to Britain this time, but no-one in France, a country that has experienced several attacks in the past few years, is under the illusion that their country is completely safe.Squads of soldiers with automatic weapons at the ready are a regular sight on the streets of Paris. Despite their presence, the French were reminded of the threat when police shot a man outside Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris earlier this month.The suspect, a 40-year-old Algerian doctoral student, attacked an officer with a hammer while shouting "This is for Syria."One worrying trend to emerge from the British attacks is that in all three attacks, at least one of the perpetrators was known to the authorities. The three attacks included the Westminster Bridge and London Bridge killings in London and the attack in Manchester which also targeted children.As radicalization become ever more complex and multifaceted, many now agree that it is necessary to move beyond a mere cause-effect analysis and look at the problem from different angles. You're listening to Special English. I'm Mark Griffiths in Beijing.China is making preliminary preparations for a manned lunar landing mission. That's according to Yang Liwei, deputy director general of the China Manned Space Agency.Yang said it will not take long for the project to get official approval and funding. He made the remarks during a group conference at the Global Space Exploration Conference.Yang is China's first astronaut. When asked whether he has any plan to step onto the Moon, he showed great excitement, saying that if he is given the opportunity, there is no problem!A senior official from the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation also said China is working on a manned lunar landing plan.The mission will consist of a manned spaceship, a propulsion vehicle and a lunar lander. The manned spaceship and the lunar lander will be sent into circumlunar orbit separately.This is Special English.SpaceX's uncrewed Dragon cargo ship has arrived at the International Space Station, carrying for the first time an experiment independently designed by China and also supplies for the astronauts living in the orbiting laboratory.NASA astronauts Jack Fischer reached out with the space station's robotic arm and grappled the spacecraft, as the space station was flying over the South Atlantic Ocean, just east off the coast of Argentina.Dragon carried almost 6,000 pounds, roughly 2,700 kilograms of cargo for its 11th commercial resupply mission for NASA, including solar panels, tools for Earth-observation and equipment to study neutron stars.Among the cargo is a 3.5-kilogram device from the Beijing Institute of Technology that aims to investigate how the space radiation and microgravity environment affect DNA.The deal for the delivery was reached in 2015 with NanoRacks, a Houston-based company that offers services for the commercial utilization of the space station.U.S. legislation known as the Wolf amendment bans cooperation between NASA and Chinese government entities, but the deal is purely commercial and therefore considered legal.Dragon, launched aboard a Falcon 9 rocket on 4th of June, was expected to remain docked with the space station until early July.You're listening to Special English. I'm Mark Griffiths in Beijing.A new undersea telecommunications cable known as MAREA that aims to improve connections between Europe and the United States is scheduled to reach the Spanish coast on July 12.Deployment of the cable, which is being jointly laid by Spanish telecommunications giant Telefonica, along with Microsoft and Facebook, began from the east coast of the United States on May 24. It reached the French city of Calais on June 9, before continuing to a town in northern Spain.Microsoft described MAREA as the highest-capacity subsea cable to ever cross the Atlantic. It features eight fiber pairs and an initial estimated design capacity of 160 TeraBits per Second. That rate is 16 million times faster than a standard home internet connection. Scientists say it's routing south of other trans-Atlantic cables means it will become "the first to connect the United States to southern Europe: from Virginia Beach, Virginia to Bilbao in Spain and then beyond to network hubs in Europe, Africa, the Middle East and Asia.This is Special English.Eight computer science professors at Oregon State University have been tasked to make systems based on artificial intelligence, including autonomous vehicles and robots, more trustworthy.Recent advances in autonomous systems that can perceive, learn, decide and act on their own stem from success of the deep neural networks branch of artificial intelligence, with deep-learning software mimicking the activity in layers of neurons in the neocortex, the part of the brain where thinking occurs.The problem, however, is that the neural networks function as a black box. Instead of humans explicitly coding system behavior using traditional programming, in deep learning the computer program learns on its own from many examples.Potential dangers arise from depending on a system that not even the system developers fully understand.With a 6.5 million U.S. dollars grant over the next four years from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, under its Explainable Artificial Intelligence program, a news release from Oregon State University said its researchers will develop a paradigm to look inside that black box, by getting the program to explain to humans how decisions were reached.You're listening to Special English. I'm Mark Griffiths in Beijing. You can access the program by logging on to crienglish.com. You can also find us on our Apple Podcast. Now the news continues.Experts predict that the United States, China and India are considered to be the most prospective destinations for foreign direct investment. The statement was made by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development in its annual report on investment.According to the World Investment Report 2017: Investment and the Digital Economy, global foreign direct investment flows retreated marginally in 2016 by 2 percent to 1.75 trillion U.S. dollars, amid weak economic growth and significant policy risks perceived by multinational enterprises.Flows to developing countries were especially hard hit, with a decline of 14 percent, while foreign direct investment outflows from developed countries decreased by 11 percent, mainly owing to a slump in investments from European multinational enterprises.The United States remained the largest recipient of foreign direct investment, attracting 391 billion U.S. dollars in inflows, followed by Britain with 254 billion dollars, and China with inflows of 134 billion dollars.According to the report, with a surge of outflows, China also became last year the second largest investing country. In 2017, global foreign direct investment is expected to rise by 5 percent, to almost 1.8 trillion U.S. dollars.This is Special English.An international research team has evaluated 145 peer-reviewed studies and concluded that "highly protected" marine reserves can help mitigate the effects of climate change.Jane Lubchenco is a professor in the College of Science at Oregon State University and co-author on a study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. She said marine reserves cannot halt or completely offset the growing impacts of climate change. But they can make marine ecosystems more resilient to changes and, in some cases, help slow down the rate of climate change.Around the world, coastal nations have committed to protecting 10 percent of their waters by 2020, but thus far only 3.5 percent of the ocean has been set aside for protection, and 1.6 percent, or less than half of that, is strongly protected from exploitation. Some researchers have argued that as much as 30 percent of the ocean should be set aside as reserves to safeguard marine ecosystems in the long-term.The professor says protecting a portion of our oceans and coastal wetlands will help sequester carbon, limit the consequences of poor management, protect habitats and biodiversity that are key to healthy oceans of the future, and buffer coastal populations from extreme events. She says marine reserves are climate reserves.You're listening to Special English. I'm Mark Griffiths in Beijing.Plant embryos have cells that function as a brain. That's according a study published recently by scientists at the University of Birmingham. The study has revealed that the group of brain cells can assess environmental conditions and dictate when seeds will germinate.The researchers say that a plant's decision about when to germinate is one of the most important it will make during its life. Too soon, and the plant may be damaged by harsh winter conditions; too late, and it may be outcompeted by other more precocious plants.The Birmingham scientists have shown that this trade-off between speed and accuracy is controlled by a small group of cells within the plant embryo that operate in similar way to the human brain.The "decision-making center" in a plant contains two types of cell, one that promotes seed dormancy, and one that promotes germination. The two groups of cells communicate with each other by moving hormones, an analogous mechanism to that employed by our own brains when we decide whether or not to move.The scientists used mathematical modelling to show that communication between the separated elements controls the plant's sensitivity to its environment.This is Special English.Fossils of a complete crocodile and bones belonging to at least six different dinosaurs from the Cretaceous Period, 145 to 66 million years ago, have been excavated in northeast China's Jilin Province.After a year of preparation, paleontologists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a local fossil center began the excavation in late May, following the discovery of dinosaur fossils in a nearby city in May 2016.（全文见周六微信。）

2017-06-12 Special EnglishThis is Special English. I&`&m Mark Griffiths in Beijing. Here is the news.China&`&s new cyber security law, which went into effect recently, is not aimed at limiting foreign companies&`& access to the Chinese market.China&`&s Internet regulator said the law is designed to safeguard China&`&s cyberspace sovereignty, national security, public interest, as well as the rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations.The Cyberspace Administration of China said in a statement that it does not restrict foreign companies or their technology and products from entering the Chinese market, nor does it limit the orderly, free flow of data. The document said China is entitled to make laws and rules to regulate its cyberspace sovereignty following international practice.The law was passed in November 2016 at a bimonthly session of the National People&`&s Congress Standing Committee after a third reading.A regulation requiring Internet products and services that may affect national security to undergo a security review will go into effect on the same day as the cyber security law.Reviews focus on whether the products or services are secure and sufficiently managed, and on assessing the risk of illegal control, disruption or interruption.They also evaluate the risk of providers using their products or services to illegally gather, store, process or make use of user information.This is Special English.Chinese Premier Li Keqiang has called on Germany to help China-developed large passenger plane C919 get an airworthiness certificate from the European Union.Li made the call during his talks with German Chancellor Angela Merkel in Berlin. He was on an official visit to Germany for an annual meeting between the two heads of government, a mechanism that has been in place since 2004.The twin-engine C919 made its maiden flight on May 5 in Shanghai with five crew members on board but no passengers. The success makes China the fourth jumbo jet producer after the United States, Western Europe and Russia.With a standard range of 4,075 kilometers, the narrow-bodied jet is comparable with the updated Airbus 320 and Boeing&`&s new generation 737 planes, signaling the country&`&s entry into the global aviation market.China has taken pride in developing the homegrown jumbo jet, regarding it as a symbol of national strength.In 2007, the State Council approved plans to develop a large passenger jet. In November 2015, the first C919 jet rolled off the assembly line. More than 200,000 technicians worked on the project.A total of 23 foreign and domestic customers, including China&`&s national carrier Air China, had placed orders for 570 aircraft as of May 5.You&`&re listening to Special English. I&`&m Mark Griffiths in Beijing.U.S. space firm SpaceX has launched supplies to the International Space Station, including an experiment from a Chinese university that will test the effects of space environments on DNA.The SpaceX Dragon cargo spacecraft lifted off on the company&`&s Falcon 9 rocket at 5:07 p.m. local time from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.Around 10 minutes later, the rocket&`&s first stage achieved a successful landing at SpaceX&`&s Landing Zone 1, just south of the launch site at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.On this trip, the Dragon will deliver almost 2,700 kilograms of supplies, including solar panels, tools for Earth-observation and equipment to study neutron stars.Among the cargo is a 3.5-kilogram device from the Beijing Institute of Technology that seeks to answer questions including "Does space radiation and microgravity cause mutations among antibody-encoding genes and if so, how does it happen."There is a U.S. law in place, known as the Wolf amendment, that bans cooperation between the U.S. space agency NASA and Chinese government entities, but this deal is purely commercial and therefore considered legal.NASA spokesperson Kathryn Hambleton confirmed to China&`&s Xinhua News Agency that there is a Chinese experiment that has been launched on this mission, known as SpaceX CRS-11.You&`&re listening to Special English. I&`&m Mark Griffiths in Beijing.China&`&s manned submarine Jiaolong has conducted its first dive of the year in the Yap Trench.Jiaolong began diving at 8:43 a.m. local time on a rainy day on 4th of June, reaching a depth of 4,177 meters.A staff member on board said Jiaolong was not afraid of the bad weather, but the rain did make it a bit more difficult for the dive. He said they cannot hear each other clearly due to the rain, so they have to be extra careful during the operation.There will be five dives for Jiaolong in the Yap Trench, with the last dive being planned for June 12.According to scientists on the ship, the dives will focus on research in deep-sea biotic communities and gene resources.Jiaolong completed a series of dives in the Mariana Trench on June 1 and was transferred aboard its support ship to the Yap Trench afterwards.The Mariana and Yap trenches are located in the west Pacific Ocean. The Yap Trench has a depth of 8,527 meters, and the Mariana Trench, the deepest known point of Earth&`&s oceans, has a depth of 11,034 meters.Named after a mythical dragon, Jiaolong reached its deepest point of 7,062 meters in the Mariana Trench in June 2012. This is Special English.A network of remote sensing satellite ground stations that cover all of China&`&s territory and 70 percent of Asia has passed its final acceptance examination.The network is headquartered in Beijing and features three ground stations in a suburb in Beijing, in Kashgar in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Sanya in Hainan Province.According to the examination committee, it will be used to support various remote-sensing systems, especially for the western part of the country and the South China Sea. The project began in 2007. You&`&re listening to Special English. I&`&m Mark Griffiths in Beijing. You can access the program by logging on to crienglish.com. You can also find us on our Apple Podcast. Now the news continues.India has launched its heaviest rocket, along with a satellite, that is now believed to be able to send humans into space in the future.The domestically-produced rocket, named Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle or Mark III, lifted off from the southern spaceport in Andhra Pradesh state at 5:28 p.m. local time.The state-owned Indian Space Research Organisation said the communication satellite that the rocket carried weighs more than three tonnes.The countdown for the launch of the 640-tonne rocket began on Sunday.In another development, India has successfully test fired its first all-weather tracked-chassis Quick Reaction Surface-to-Air Missile.India&`&s state-run broadcaster All India Radio said the missile was launched from a mobile launcher in the Integrated Test Range off the Odisha coast at Chandipur at around 12:39 p.m. local time.The broadcaster reported that the test was carried out for validating various parameters of the sophisticated weapon system to further strengthen its air defence system. This is Special English.A survey of the California Current System along the U.S. West Coast of the United States found persistent, highly acidified water throughout the ecologically critical nearshore habitat.Led by Francis Chan, a marine ecologist at Oregon State University, researchers participating in the survey said conditions will continue to worsen because the atmospheric carbon dioxide primarily to blame for the increase in acidification has been rising substantially in recent years.While the findings of the study, which was published recently in Nature Scientific Reports, identified "hotspots" of pH, or the potential of hydrogen, measurements as low as any oceanic surface waters in the world, there were "refuges" of more moderate pH environments that could become havens for some marine organisms to escape more highly acidified waters.The threat of ocean acidification is global and though it sometimes seems far away, it is happening on the West Coast of the United States and those waters are already hitting the beaches. Chan said that ten years ago, they were focusing on the tropics with their coral reefs as the place most likely to be affected by ocean acidification. But the California Current System is getting hit with acidification earlier and more drastically than other locations around the world.You&`&re listening to Special English. I&`&m Mark Griffiths in Beijing.The Federal Agency for Nature Conservation has raised concerns that meadows and pastures are becoming increasingly endangered in Germany and has released a new red list to the German Press Agency.The new red list of endangered biotypes, serves as a handbook for future conservation plans and is an update from the previous 2006 red list.Federal Minister for the Environment Barbara Hendrick from the Social Democratic Party of Germany, presented the findings that indicated almost two-thirds of the 863 species present in habitats in Germany are under severe threat from intensive agriculture, among other causes. The threat has particularly worsened in pastures or grasslands; meadows are also under increasing pressure.The Federal Office for Nature Conservation has reported some positive developments in coastal regions as well as next to rivers and streams which are benefiting from restoration or environmental protection plans as well as better sewage treatment plants. However, figures are much less positive for groundwater due to high nitrogen pollution caused by fertilizers from intensive farming. Many stagnant water volumes are also affected.There are many types of natural habitats in Germany including 46 types of water environments and 20 types of arable and fallow arable land. This is Special English.A study on young female mice reveals how puberty hormones might trigger changes in neural communication in the frontal cortices and impede some aspects of flexible youthful learning.Scientists have found that the onset of puberty hits something like a "switch" in the brain&`&s frontal cortex that can reduce flexibility in some forms of learning.The study was led by Linda Wilbrecht, an associate professor of psychology and neuroscience at the University of California, Berkeley, and the senior author of the study published in the journal Current Biology.The changes occurred in a region of the frontal brain that is associated with learning, attention and behavioral regulation.Overall, children have been found to have greater brain flexibility or "plasticity" than adults, enabling them to more easily master multiple languages and other elementary scholastic pursuits.While they continue to learn after puberty, their cognitive focus in adolescence is often redirected to peer relationships and more social learning.The study noted that if hormonal changes start as early as second or third grade, when children are tasked with learning basic skills, a shift in brain function could be problematic.Puberty onset is occurring earlier and earlier in girls in modern urban settings, driven by such factors as stress and the obesity epidemic, and has been associated with worse outcomes in terms of school and mental health.This is Special English.America&`&s first Nutella Cafe opened recently in downtown Chicago, with more than 400 customers lining up for their favorite treat.This is the first standalone Nutella Cafe owned by parent company Ferrero. Its menu items include grilled baguettes, fresh-roasted hazelnut, gelato and some Italian specialties.Noah Szporn, head of marketing at Nutella North America says there&`&s an incredible dining culture in the city, and Nutella is all about the idea of sharing good food with friends and family; and they thought that Chicago would be the perfect place to do that.（文稿请浏览周六微信。）

This is Special English. I'm Ryan Price in Beijing. Here is the news. China's delight at Sunway TaihuLight being named the world's fastest supercomputer was made all the more sweeter as it makes a shift from using "off-the-shelf" processors to domestic alternatives. The supercomputer, which is twice as fast as the previous holder of the top spot China's Tianhe-2, boasts three of the world's top performance results. Those include its peak performance of 125 Petaflops per second, regular performance of 93 Petaflops per second, and an energy efficiency rate of 6 Gigaflops per Watt. Since China first began to explore supercomputing in the 1980s, developments have relied on processors and chips bought from Intel, Nvidia and Linux. Previously, the supercomputer sector was dominated by the United States and Japan. Due to Western technology embargoes, however, Chinese scientists had to focus on independent development. The development of the Sunway TaihuLight system was included in the National 863 Program, China's top science and technology development plan. The supercomputer was based on the Sunway BlueLight MPP model, China's first supercomputer that used a domestic CPU, produced in 2012. Sunway TaihuLight is the first supercomputer to have all its key components made in China. It uses a many-core CPU chip, which is just 25 square centimeters. Besides supercomputing research, China has caught up in the application domain, which was an area of "weakness" in China's scientific development. Three Sunway-TaihuLight applications have been included on the shortlist for the German Innovation Award's Gottfried Wagnner Prize. The three applications are earth system modeling, ocean surface wave modeling and the microstructure of titanium alloy modeling. The prize acknowledges the world's top supercomputing applications. This is the first time China has been included on the shortlist. The winner will be announced later this year. In practice, China's supercomputers are already being used in a wide range of fields, including the world's largest radio telescope, which is to be completed in southwest China's Guizhou Province by the end of this year. This is Special English. The Gaofen 4 high-resolution Earth observation satellite has started operating to facilitate disaster relief and environmental pollution control. China Meteorological Administration said Gaofen 4 is at least 10 times more efficient than the Fengyun satellites, which are pillars of the nation's space-based weather observation system. The strong capability of Gaofen 4 will substantially improve the administration's detection and response to extreme weather including typhoons and rainstorms. The new satellite will be used to monitor floods and rainstorms in southern China. It will also be used to forecast the weather during the G20 Summit in eastern China's Hangzhou in September. During its test in orbit over the past six months, the Gaofen 4 monitored several disasters and helped environmental protection authorities detect smog as well as sources of air pollutants. The satellite will play a big role in water quality control, air pollution measurement, forest fire detection and disaster early-warning. The 5-metric ton satellite has a design lifespan of eight years, the longest of China's Earth observation satellites. It is able to cover China and the whole of Southeast Asia and can shift to multiple targets. Each of the satellite's images can cover a 160,000-square-km region, equivalent to the size of Henan province in central China. You're listening to Special English. I'm Ryan Price in Beijing. Chinese Premier Li Keqiang has penned a letter on how to best address issues of campus violence. In the letter, Li asked the Ministry of Education and other related authorities to "improve laws and regulations, strengthen student's awareness of laws and rights, and resolutely put an end to behavior that disregard human dignity and lives". Bullying and violence at schools and colleges have been widely reported in recent years. In late April, a video went viral that showed a school girl being repeatedly slapped by a group of older students. In another case, in June 2014, an online video showed several teenagers in eastern Zhejiang Province burning a first-grade boy with cigarettes. Last year, a junior high student tried to kill himself as "he could not tolerate being bullied every day any longer". This is Special English. Shandong Province in eastern China will cease its preferential college admission policy for ethnic minority groups next year. Sources with the provincial education department say senior high school students of ethnic minorities in the province will no longer enjoy a five-point bonus for the college entrance exam. All Chinese mainland applicants to colleges and universities must take the annual college entrance exam. The points they receive from the highly competitive exam, plus any bonus points they qualify for according to certain policies, are the sole basis upon which Chinese colleges accept students. The preferential policies, under which certain applicants can receive bonus points, are managed by each province, municipality or autonomous region where the applicant is based. These policies usually reward offspring of certain people, for example the children of people who have made considerable contributions to society, or applicants with some outstanding achievements, including in sports. In Shandong, China's third-largest provincial economy with almost 100 million people, ethnic minority applicants can get five-point bonuses in addition to their exam scores. An applicant can score no more than 750 on the exam. Over 4,800 students enjoyed bonus points in Shandong last year, among whom over 4,400 were ethnic minorities. You're listening to Special English. I'm Ryan Price in Beijing. A Beijing health organization wants to change people's attitudes towards sex and gender diversity and has designated the "All Gender Toilets" across the city. The Beijing Gender Health Education Institute says that notions of identity are fluid, and yet people still have gender segregation, most notably in toilets. The institute launched the All Gender Toilets Program last month, and there are now around 30 all gender toilets in cafes, bars, and offices across the city. The sign of the toilets depicts three images. The traditional male and female silhouettes are joined by an individual in a half dress, half trousers ensemble. Related departments of the United Nations have lauded the initiative, the first of its kind in China. The project manager Yang Gang hopes that the campaign will help the public disregard gender distinctions. Yang says the main purpose of the project is to encourage discussion. He says he hopes to see a change in people's awareness, behavior, and opinions on sex and gender diversity. Yang and his team will release a map with locations of all the city's all gender toilets. This is Special English. A nationwide health campaign has been launched to improve chronic disease treatment in community health centers. Under the program, health practitioners will receive training on the treatment of chronic illnesses including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and central nervous system diseases. The program will cover 30,000 doctors from 8,500 community hospitals or clinics in 42 Chinese cities by 2020. It is expected to benefit 23 million people with the conditions. You're listening to Special English. I'm Ryan Price in Beijing. You can access the program by logging on to newsplusradio.cn. You can also find us on our Apple Podcast. If you have any comments or suggestions, please let us know by e-mailing us at mansuyingyu@cri.com.cn. That's mansuyingyu@cri.com.cn. Now the news continues. China will launch its first Silk Road International Cultural Expo in September, with France being the guest of honor. The expo will be held in the city of Dunhuang in northwest China. The event aims to promote exchanges among nations along the route of the ancient Silk Road, which is a China-led project to improve infrastructure and increase trade in the region. The expo will feature conferences and ministerial meetings as well as cultural shows. So far, around 60 countries and five international organizations have had positive feedbacks on attending the event. This is Special English. The first Confucius post office has opened in Qufu, the hometown of the great educator and philosopher of China. A 78th-generation descendent of Confucius, Kong Weike, has been named the honorary head of the post office. The post office was inaugurated on June 11th, China's Cultural Heritage Day. Commemorative envelopes and stamps have been released. Visitors can buy and send Confucius-themed post cards at the office. Related books and literary works are on display at the office and on China Post's online store. Confucius lived between 551 and 479 BC. He was the first person in China to set up private schools to educate children from poor families. You're listening to Special English. I'm Ryan Price in Beijing. A survey has found that the Great Wall in Beijing is the "most recognizable" cultural symbol of China. Bamboo and the word "harmony" came second and third in the list of Chinese symbols best known by people outside the country. A report has been released by the Beijing Institute of Culture Innovation and Communication. It featured how people from overseas know about China. The survey picked more than a dozen most popular Chinese cultural symbols, including images, celebrities, ideas and art forms, for interviewees to choose from. The selected items included baijiu, which is clear liquor made from sorghum or other grains, the Kunqu Opera, and retired world tennis superstar Li Na. The survey interviewed 3,000 people aged between 18 and 44 from 10 countries including Britain, the United States, Japan and South Africa. The report said Chinese cultural symbols are becoming more and more popular among people around the world, especially, the young people. According to the report, travel and communication are excellent ways to be exposed to Chinese culture, while the Internet, television programs, as well as families and friends are other sources for Chinese culture. This is Special English. China's box office earnings are expected to surpass that of the United States next year to claim the title of world's largest film market. That's according to a recent report by international accounting firm PwC. The report forecasts that China's box office revenue will hit 10.3 billion U.S. dollars next year, while the United States is expected to ring up 10.1 billion U.S. dollars. With a compounded average annual growth of 19 percent, China's box office takings are expected to hit 15 billion U.S. dollars by 2020. The report estimates a whopping 49 billion U.S. dollars of box office earnings across the globe in 2020, with almost one third of it being generated in China. Jiang Xiaoping, a PwC China partner, said the robust expansion of China's film industry is driving the global development. According to predictions, revenue from advertising in the Chinese film industry will exceed 161 million U.S. dollars by 2020, and the average ticket price will climb to 6 dollars from the current 5 dollars. This is Special English. （全文见周日微信。）

This is Special English. I'm Ryan Price in Beijing. Here is the news. China is studying how to retrieve and reuse manned spacecraft in its future missions. The chief engineer of the nation's manned space program said China's next goal is to reuse manned spacecraft to make its space exploration cost-effective. Reusable manned spacecraft are a Holy Grail of space exploration. The United States developed partially reusable manned spacecraft capable of reaching low Earth orbit. But they were all retired in 2011 due to high costs and risks, including an accident in 2003 that killed seven astronauts. The chief engineer did not go into any more details on the project, but stressed his team's focus on saving costs, giving an example from the Tiangong space lab series. Chinese scientists have managed to incorporate all tasks planned for the third generation of the lab into the second generation. There has been no need to develop the third generation. He said China's space station will be completed around 2022. It will be a green model, with highly advanced and budget-saving facilities in flight control, power supply and waste recycling. Earlier this month, US rocket developer SpaceX achieved a world first by landing one Falcon rocket on a carrier at sea. China was paying close attention to such innovation and was testing its own reusable rockets, promising a breakthrough before the end of 2020. This is Special English. The Ministry of Education has told parents its efforts to ensure more children from poor backgrounds getting a college education will not hurt the chances of students from more affluent parts of China. The ministry said its changes to the enrollment policies of this year's gaokao, the national higher education entrance exam, will not mean children from developed parts of China will lose out. The event follows a heated discussion in China about the changes to the gaokao enrollment policies. A recent directive from the ministry means there will be a redistribution of cross-provincial quotas for some provinces. According to the directive, universities in some more developed provinces with rich tertiary education resources will have to take a large number of students this year from less developed regions. The more developed provinces include east China's Jiangsu Province and central China's Hubei Province. The two provinces will take in more students, who pass the gaokao, from areas including Tibet and Xinjiang in western China. The quotas for larger enrollment are understood to be significantly increased from previous years, but there are no hard numbers available. The directive created a public outcry from parents in two provinces. Some parents protested in front of local education bureaus, claiming the redistribution will mean fewer local students being enrolled to colleges and universities. The ministry has said that the move is aimed at further boosting equal access to higher education and narrows the gap between developed regions and their poor counterparts. The university entrance exam is seen by students and parents in China as one of the most important milestones in life. This is Special English. Chinese police have launched a mobile app to encourage witnesses to report the whereabouts of missing or trafficked children. More than 5,000 anti-trafficking police will provide updates to the app on receiving new reports of missing children. Users near the location where a child disappeared will receive push notifications, including photos and descriptions of the missing child. The scope of these push notifications will be expanded over time. Information will be available to the public at the platform's official Sina Weibo account. Police will cooperate with new media outlets and mobile apps to encourage the public to help in anti-human trafficking work. You're listening to Special English. I'm Ryan Price in Beijing. The first Chinese-Russian university plans to enroll its first group of students this year. Located in Shenzhen in Guangdong province, the MSU-BIT University marks a milestone in educational cooperation between China and Russia. Postgraduate students in Nano science and ecology will be enrolled in the new Shenzhen MSU-BIT University in September after it gets official approval from the Ministry of Education. The university is going to enroll undergraduates from next year. MSU-BIT is run by Lomonosov Moscow State University, the Beijing Institute of Technology and the Shenzhen government. It is the first such cooperation between Chinese and Russian universities. The university plans to enroll a total of 5,000 students from home and overseas in the near future. Thirty to 50 percent of them are expected to come from countries along the ancient Silk Road. Students will be equipped with multilingual capabilities, and the classes will be taught in Chinese, English and Russian. The number of students studying in each other's countries has been growing. More than 16,000 students from Russia studied in China last year, while more than 25,000 Chinese students studied in Russia. This is Special English. China's first Confucius classroom in a prison has opened in East China's Shandong Province. The classroom opened in Luzhong Prison in central Shandong as part of a charity program funded by the China Confucius Foundation. The provincial prison management bureau said the prison will pilot a series of changes, including classroom and library design, as well as training prison instructors in Confucian teachings. The activities aim to improve the prison's cultural atmosphere. The classroom will feature Chinese calligraphy, literary classics and moral education. Named after the ancient Chinese philosopher, Confucius schools and classrooms are generally run as non-profit public institutions to help foreigners understand China through language and culture classes at overseas universities. The first such institute was established in 2004. You're listening to Special English. I'm Ryan Price in Beijing. Almost 1,200 water-saving projects have been built in Beijing, saving up to 100 million cubic meters of water every year. Beijing's water authorities said water permeable bricks, sunken green fields and rainwater recycling facilities have been widely adopted in the city. Beijing recycled and utilized 160 million cubic meters of rainwater last year. Beijing has been listed as one of the pilot "sponge cities" in China. The city's urban planning authorities said more wetlands, filtration pools and permeable public spaces will be added to make the city "spongier". Beijing once relied heavily on groundwater. Excessive exploitation has led to decline of groundwater levels and subsequent subsidence. You're listening to Special English. I'm Ryan Price in Beijing. You can access the program by logging on to newsplusradio.cn. You can also find us on our Apple Podcast. If you have any comments or suggestions, please let us know by e-mailing us at mansuyingyu@cri.com.cn. That's mansuyingyu@cri.com.cn. Now the news continues. A doctor from Shanghai has saved a woman who passed out on an international flight from Shanghai to Los Angeles in the United States. After receiving treatment from the doctor, the woman finally regained consciousness. Zhao Yingchun is the chief doctor at Shanghai Songjiang District central hospital. He took the flight to attend his daughter's graduation ceremony on May 12. During the flight, Zhao heard a public announcement seeking help for a fainted passenger. He rushed to the passenger trying to give her immediate emergency treatment. The middle-aged woman had suddenly fainted and had been in a coma after returning to her seat from the lavatory. The medical devices provided by crew members were only a stethoscope and a blood pressure monitor. He could not hear her blood pressure due to the noise made by the plane engine. But Zhao still managed to treat the passenger. Fifteen minutes later, the woman mildly reacted, and after 40 minutes, was able to talk. He stayed with her for one hour, checking her breath and her heart beat every 5 minutes, until she was completely recovered. As the plane landed at Los Angeles airport, the crew members thanked Zhao for his timely aid and tried to give him 150 US dollars as a reward. Zhao did not take the money, saying it was what a doctor should do. The airline staff offered him free air miles and a souvenir to show their appreciation. This is Special English. Double-amputee climber Xia Boyu is around 1,500 meters away from reaching the summit of the world's highest mountain. Xia has reached a height of 7,280 meters on the 8,848-meter-high Mount Everest. According to a live broadcast on news portal sina.com, by the end of the day, the 65-year-old climber was expected to have reached camp C4, where he failed in his first attempt to reach the summit 41 years ago. Xia was born in Chongqing in southwest China. A violent storm in 1975 kept him at the camp at an altitude of 8,600 meters. He was then a new member of China's national mountaineering team. The attempt cost him both his legs. He suffered severe frostbite on his feet, after he gave his only sleeping bag to an ailing teammate. He became disabled. Xia says his confidence comes from years of hard physical training, which was only interrupted for a short period of time when he was diagnosed with cancer 10 years ago. Equipped with artificial limbs, Xia has climbed many mountains, with four of them being higher than 6,000 meters above sea level. You're listening to Special English. I'm Ryan Price in Beijing. （全文见周日微信。）

This is NEWS Plus Special English. I'm Liu Yan in Beijing. Here is the news. A medical expert says there is no room for organ donation from criminals on death row in China. The head of a national human organ donation and transplant committee, Huang Jiefu, says the number of organ donors saw an increase after China banned the use of organs from executed prisoners this year, with almost 2,300 organ donations so far in 2005. It is estimated that a record high of more than 10,000 organs will have been transplanted in the whole year. Huang guaranteed that there is not a single organ from executed prisoners in the organ transplant response system. When asked whether organs from condemned prisoners who donate voluntarily should be permitted, Huang said it is inappropriate to talk about the issue while China's legal system is not yet sound. He added that mixing organs from executed prisoners with other loving donors will lead to mistrust in the donation system. China has long focused on the issue of prisoner organs. In 2011, unauthorized organ trade was listed as a crime in an amendment to China's Criminal Law. A new system for organ management and distribution was launched in 2013 to better regulate the source of donations. This is NEWS Plus Special English. No country in the world delivers more packages than China thanks to booming e-commerce, but a recent report revealed that many goods are not properly packaged when being delivered. Overuse of tape, plastic bags and stuffing materials has led to excessive packaging for parcels, and there are no clear rules on how to dispose of these materials. A report jointly issued by the State Post Bureau and Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication says packing materials including tape and plastics are very damaging to the environment and should be recycled. Packaging has ballooned into a multi-billion yuan business in China as more goods ordered online are being delivered by courier services. But so far, the country only stipulates requirements on how to dispose of courier receipts. The report urged regulators and companies to make an effort to reduce the environmental impact of excessive packaging. You're listening to NEWS Plus Special English. I'm Liu Yan in Beijing. （全文见周日微信。）

详细内容请关注周六微信，或登录以下网址：http://172.100.100.192:9008/7146/2015/01/23/2582s863106.htmThis is NEWS Plus Special English. I'm Mark Griffiths in Beijing. Here is the news.Chinese scientists have used a targeted antibody to significantly reduce H7N9 avian flu symptoms in monkeys.The study demonstrates patients infected with H7N9 virus often end up dead after severe pneumonia and systemic inflammation caused by acute lung infection. Part of the high death-rate of H7N9 is due to very limited effective treatment options.The research results have been published in the British medical journal "Clinical Infectious Diseases". In the study, African green monkeys were inoculated with the H7N9 virus and treated intravenously with an antibody. The treatment markedly reduced lung infections and systemic inflammation.The results show promising progress on helping treat the virus in humans.The study was led by Sun Shi-hui from Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, and Zhao Guang-yu from the Academy of Military Medical Science.Since the H7N9 avian flu killed three people in China in March 2013, the flu has repeatedly cropped up in winter and spring seasons.The study concludes "complement inhibition may be a promising adjunctive therapy for severe viral pneumonia". This is NEWS Plus Special English.Chinese experts emphasized safety when giving children medication, as they called for improved healthcare for 20 percent of the nation's population.Experts from a children rehabilitation center say that improper use of antibiotics is blamed for more than one third of China's deaf-mute children under the age of seven. China has more than 3,500 categories of drug products, with fewer than 60 for children's use only.Many instruction books do not contain information for children's dosage, or only have descriptions such as "children use with caution" or "a reduced amount must be used".Some Chinese parents are found to have considered their children "miniature adults" and given their children reduced amounts of adult medications.Experts have warned of adverse reactions when doing this. They attribute the problem to the severe shortage of pediatricians in China.China has fewer than 70 children's hospitals with less than 260,000 hospital beds for children. According to the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, the figures mean that China is lacking at least 200,000 pediatricians by the standards of developed countries.This is NEWS Plus Special English.More than 30,000 Beijing couples have applied to have a second child since the city eased its one-child policy in February last year.According to the Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning, of the 30,000 applicants, almost 29,000 were approved. The number is lower than the 50,000 expected.An official from the commission says many couples who are allowed to have a second child have chosen not to do so, but this does not mean they won't have a second child in the future.The official says the major reason for not having a second child include the consideration for the economic and time cost for raising a second child, and the idea that having one child is enough.Beijing is still preparing for an increase of 50,000 births each year. An extra 1,000 beds will be added in hospitals in Beijing within three years. You are listening to NEWS Plus Special English. I'm Mark Griffiths in Beijing.A short, sharp flash of radio waves from a mysterious source up to 5 billion light years from Earth has been detected by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization's Parkes radio telescope in eastern Australia. The organization is Australia's national science agency. Swinburne University of Technology PhD student Emily Petroff "saw" the burst live, the first time anything like this has been seen by astronomers around the world.Lasting only milliseconds, the first such radio burst was discovered in 2007 by astronomers combing old data archives for unrelated objects.Six more bursts, apparently from outside the galaxy, have now been located with Parkes telescope in New South Wales, and a seventh in Puerto Rico.Astronomers worldwide have been vying to explain the phenomenon.Petroff said these bursts are generally discovered weeks, months or even more than a decade after they happened; and she just happened to be the first to catch one in real time.Confident that she would spot a "live" burst, Petroff had an international team of astronomers poised to make rapid follow-up observations, at wavelengths from radio to X-ray.After seeing the burst go off, the team swung into action on twelve other Parkes telescopes around the world, as well as space based telescopes.The 64-meter wide Parkes radio telescope in the central west of New South Wales claimed a place in history in July 1969 when it received television transmissions of Neil Armstrong's first steps on the moon.

Has immigration become a dirty word in recent years? If the rhetoric and action of various governments around the world are to be used as a yardstick, then the word is not just dirty but potentially and politically toxic. Australia has been roundly criticized for its treatment of boat refugees arriving from Indonesia and then resettling them on Pacific Islands. Meanwhile, European elections are to take place in May this year with immigration coupled with welfare and unemployment high on voters' agenda--all against a backdrop of a continent still at a critical stage of its economic recovery. Immigration is also a hot topic in North America--the new New York mayor is pushing for all illegal immigrants working in the city to be given ID cards but controversy remains elsewhere when it comes to Mexicans. But next door in Canada, sweeping reforms on its Citizenship Act could have a devastating effect on anyone looking to gain residency there--especially Chinese. We talked to: - Mike Bastin, Researcher at Nottingham University's School of Contemporary Chinese Studies - Liu Guofu, Professor, Law School, Beijing Institute of Technology

Abstract: Over seven million people die of cancer worldwide each year. The high mortality is mainly due to the lack of early cancer detection modalities, especially for internal organs. CT, MRI and ultrasound imaging have issues of low resolution, low contrast, safety or high cost. Several optical imaging techniques provide high-resolution cross-sectional information suitable for in vivo noninvasive early cancer diagnosis. However, these optical imaging systems are typically bulky and slow, and thus are difficult to apply to internal organs where most cancers are originated. Microelectromechanical systems technology offers the advantages of small size and fast scan speed, providing a tremendous opportunity for realizing real-time in vivo endoscopic imaging. In this talk, a unique MEMS technology that can create large-range, multi-axis, rapid scanning micromirrors and microlenses will be introduced. These MEMS devices in turn enable endoscopic optical “biopsy” modalities, resulting in a paradigm shift of optical imaging of internal organs. In particular, MEMS-based 3-D endoscopic optical coherence tomography imaging and confocal imaging will be introduced and in vivo experimental results of animals will be presented. Huikai Xie is a professor at the department of electrical and computer engineering of the University of Florida. He received his B.S., M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Beijing Institute of Technology, Tufts University and Carnegie Mellon University, respectively.

Zhike Lei joined ESMT as an assistant professor in January 2009 and was promoted to an associate professor in 2012. Previously she was a professor at George Mason University's School of Management. She received her PhD in Organizational Behavior from Kenan-Flagler Business School at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Zhike also holds a MBA degree in Marketing and Management from Illinois State University and Bachelor of Arts degree in Advertising from Beijing Institute of Business, China. Zhike’s research focuses on understanding how individuals, teams and organizations achieve reliability and effectiveness in complex, time-pressured situations. Her recent research also explores how emotion spirals occur and spread in teams. Her research has been supported by the Juran Center for Leadership in Quality at University of Minnesota, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and Peter Curtius Foundation. Her work has appeared in Journal of Applied Psychology, Nursing & Health Sciences, and Harvard Business Manager. Prior to her academic career, Zhike worked as a communication and marketing specialist for leading advertising and marketing firms including Dentsu Inc. and ACNielsen in Beijing, China, as well as with startup companies in Chicago, USA.xecutive development, coaching and leadership.