A viscous, carbohydrate rich layer at the outermost periphery of a cell.
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4 episodes with Glycocalyx
5 episodes with Glycocalyx
2 episodes with Glycocalyx
3 episodes with Glycocalyx
2 episodes with Glycocalyx
2 episodes with Glycocalyx
2 episodes with Glycocalyx
Much of cardiovascular disease is linked to the large arteries of the body but we now have ground breaking news for you. Cardiovascular disease starts in the smallest of capillaries in an enormous network called the microvascular system and in a layer of cells called the endocalyx. Robert Long describes his 15 year journey with Dr Hans Vink to discover the endocalyx, the testing and therapies that can eliminate cardiovascular disease. We begin a series on this ground breaking science and your education of this amazing information starts here. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
In this episode of the PFC Podcast, Dennis and Alex delve into the complexities of burn resuscitation, discussing recent advancements in fluid management and the importance of urine output monitoring. They explore the historical context of burn care, the role of glycocalyx in fluid dynamics, and evaluate various resuscitation protocols. The conversation emphasizes the need for careful fluid management to avoid complications and improve patient outcomes, particularly in emergency and military settings.TakeawaysBurn injuries require specialized and intensive care.Fluid management is critical in burn resuscitation.The glycocalyx plays a significant role in fluid dynamics.Urine output is a key indicator of patient status.Over-resuscitation can lead to severe complications.Plasma therapy shows promise in improving outcomes.Historical protocols may need reevaluation based on new evidence.Monitoring urine output is essential for adjusting fluid therapy.Collaboration with burn centers is crucial in managing severe cases.Understanding the physiological changes in burn patients is vital.Chapters00:00 Introduction to Burn Resuscitation03:09 Understanding Burn Injuries and Their Management06:00 Fluid Management in Burn Patients09:05 The Role of Glycocalyx in Fluid Dynamics12:04 Evaluating Burn Resuscitation Protocols15:08 Comparing Fluid Resuscitation Strategies17:51 The Importance of Urine Output Monitoring20:47 Outcomes of Different Resuscitation Approaches24:01 Recommendations for Burn Care in the Field26:59 Final Thoughts on Burn ResuscitationThank you to Delta Development Team for in part, sponsoring this podcast.deltadevteam.comFor more content, go to www.prolongedfieldcare.orgConsider supporting us: patreon.com/ProlongedFieldCareCollective or www.lobocoffeeco.com/product-page/prolonged-field-care
In this episode, we explore the fascinating glycocalyx, the protective layer that covers the surface of many cells, especially those lining blood vessels. While this structure is crucial for vascular health and cellular integrity, its connection to chronic stress and the vagus nerve plays an often overlooked role in our overall well-being. What You'll Learn in The Series of Chronic Stress (more on my YouTube channel!): The structure and function of the glycocalyx, including its role in vascular protection and fluid regulation. How the glycocalyx helps maintain vascular permeability and prevent blood clotting. The direct impact of chronic stress on glycocalyx health and its influence on vascular function. The vagus nerve's role in regulating the glycocalyx and modulating the body's stress response. How chronic stress can lead to glycocalyx degradation, resulting in increased inflammation and the risk of cardiovascular problems. Practical tips on how to manage stress and support the health of the glycocalyx through lifestyle changes, breathing exercises, and parasympathetic activation via the vagus nerve. The Connection Between Chronic Stress, the Glycocalyx, and the Vagus Nerve: Chronic stress triggers the sympathetic nervous system, leading to the release of stress hormones that can damage the glycocalyx. Over time, this may result in increased vascular permeability, inflammation, and other issues that affect cardiovascular health. In contrast, activation of the vagus nerve, the key component of the parasympathetic nervous system, can help mitigate these effects by promoting relaxation, reducing inflammation, and supporting the repair and maintenance of the glycocalyx. Understanding this connection between stress, glycocalyx health, and the vagus nerve gives you powerful tools to improve both your mental and physical health. Why It's Important to Understand the Glycocalyx and Chronic Stress: The health of your glycocalyx has a direct impact on your vascular system, immune function, and the ability to respond to stress. By managing chronic stress and focusing on activating the vagus nerve through techniques like deep breathing and meditation, you can help protect the glycocalyx, reduce inflammation, and support long-term cardiovascular health. Whether you're struggling with stress or looking to improve your vascular health, this episode will provide you with essential insights on how to protect and nourish your glycocalyx and manage the physical impacts of chronic stress. Links & Resources: Rethinking Parkinson's Disease: A New Perspective Beam Minerals: Supplements for Optimal Health Neuvana Life: Use code COACHDEBBIEPOTTS to save on your VNS Subscribe & Rate: If you enjoyed this episode, please subscribe, rate, and review the podcast. Your feedback helps us bring more important topics to our listeners, empowering you to take control of your health and well-being.
The blood-brain barrier (BBB)
Thomas Mandel Clausen completed his PhD in Clinical Cancer Research at the University of Copenhagen and postdoc at the University of California in San Diego and has spent the bulk of his career thus far focused on cancer biology, malariavaccine development, and more recently COVID-19. His special focus was & remains cell & glycobiology which will be the focus of our discussion today. He's presented at conferences all around the world and has over 40 published articles within the field of glycobiology focused on various molecular structures and functions and how they relate to human disease. He is currently matriculated at the University of Hawaii to gain his medical doctorate degree with estimated completion in 2026. We discuss:The endothelial glycocalyx is a specialized extracellular matrix that covers the apical side of vascular endothelial cells, projecting into the lumen of blood vessels. The composition of the glycocalyx has been studied in greatdetail, and it is known to be composed of a mixture of proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, and glycoproteins. Although this structure was once believed to be a passive physical barrier, it is now recognized as a multifunctional and dynamic structure that participates in many vascularprocesses, including but not limited to vascular permeability, inflammation, thrombosis, Mechan transduction, and cytokine signalingBecause vascular dysfunction is associated with a wide variety of diseases and because of the crucial role of the glycocalyx in maintaining proper vascular function,the significance of the glycocalyx in disease has become a topic of intensive investigation.
Welcome to my podcast. I am Doctor Warrick Bishop, and I want to help you to live as well as possible for as long as possible. I'm a practising cardiologist, best-selling author, keynote speaker, and the creator of The Healthy Heart Network. I have over 20 years as a specialist cardiologist and a private practice of over 10,000 patients. In this podcast, Dr. Warrick Bishop discusses the glycocalyx, a protective, microscopic lining within the endothelial layer of arteries. This layer plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of endothelial cells, which line blood vessels. Damage to the glycocalyx can expose these cells to harmful blood contents, potentially leading to conditions like coronary artery disease. Dr. Bishop highlights that turbulent blood flow, particularly at branch points in arteries, can disrupt the glycocalyx and contribute to plaque formation.
TIME STAMPS:00:18 About Daniel Trevor and inspiration behind writingThe Unholy Trinity / HEART ATTACK SURVIVOR turned WELLNESS WARRIOR, citizen scientist, and serial entrepreneur who has created several start-up businesses from scratch, including a high-tech CTI (computer-telophony integration) company that eventually grew to over 300 employees and 3000 independent contractors!!!05:18 Why we've been feed a bunch of LIES by leading contributors to the food industry in the 21st century.08:01 How Proctor & Gamble invented CRISCO (with ingredients resembling machine lubrications) and began selling in 1911 spurring the beginning of the second revolution and polluting food quality today as a result.09:54 Spotting and identifying DEADLY OLIVE OILS between HEALTHY OLIVE OILS!16:23 THE GATEWAY DISEASE ( not in the book yet - stay tuned for his revised copy ! ): HYPERINSULINEMIA ( too much insulin in the blood ). This is the ROOT CAUSE to PCOS, ALZHEIMERS, BLINDNESS, and countless other shocking side-effects!21:05 DON'T GUESS. TEST! Why even “seemingly healthy” individuals and athletes should regularly test important health markers, and which ones are the most important to keep track of.22:03 Easiest way to order your labwork through QUEST DIAGNOSTICS. Seewww.danieltrevor.com. 23:09 ENTREPRENEURS and ASPIRING BOOK PUBLISHERS: Daniel's inspiring story of getting his powerful message out where people could find it leading to its success as a BESTSELLER!25:02 Grim reality of the profit margins behind major STATIN-SELLING companies; what science REALLY says about HDL and LDL.28:08 What we can learn about HEART ATTACKS and strokes looking back at the ischemia trial.35:02 How years of eating the wrong foods builds up plaque in your arteries and ult38:14 All about the GLYCOCALYX and its role in PLAQUE BUILDUP.46:01 L.I.S.S. Chris Vilela ( IG @ chrisvlone / Quebec, Canada ), Podcast review (thanks Cameron!) & Richard's BAD-COACH CALLOUT! - GLYPHOSATE, the Shikimate pathway, its link with DEPRESSION & ANXIETY, and how CHAT GBT purposefully distorts data on this topic!57:49 GLIADIN, the more destructive part of GLUTEN, and its MORPHINE-LIKE EFFECTS that creates food addictions.01:01:44 The difference between “the carnivore diet” and “the lion diet.”01:10:13 What to watch out for on ingredient labels at the store concerning LOW-FAT FOODS.01:12:42 Bone-broth fasting.01:15:04 How Chris Vilela & Colt are eating mostly raw wild game (ESPECIALLY MOOSE!) and combining intermittent fasting to maximize nutrient bioavailability and muscle growth naturally.01:20:32 What we can learn from CENTURIONS (people who have lived over 100 years) and why MUSIC and other forms of creative exercises are scientifically proven to build BDNF (brain-derived neuro factors) and how it helps you build new brain cells! Uncovering studies of how workout results were improved by simply listening to music.01:30:24 How to MASTER CONTROL of your own EMOTIONS.For CREATINE, GLUTAMINE, AMINOS & other performance supplementation:Coach Colt's Supplement Store (US):https://supersetyourlife.com/collections/supplementsCoach Richard's Supplement Store (UK):https://theketopro.com/collections/keto-supplementsQuestions for Coach Colt? Your first phone call is free for 15 minutes; I also offer 30 & 60 minute 1:1 consultations and monthly coaching services. Emailcolt@supersetyourlife.com or book here:https://calendly.com/ssyl/meet-greetPURELY TALLOW ANIMAL BASED SKINCARE: Save 10% with code COLT10!-https://f22e68.myshopify.com?ref=colt_milton
TIME STAMPS: 00:28 Dr. Robert Kiltz is a renowned PHYSICIAN and FERTILITY DOCTOR featured in: The Wall Street Journal, CNBC, Parents Magazine, & The Today Show. CARNIVORE CONVERSATIONS is a radical and enlightening examination of how the keto/carnivore diet can help to improve a wide range of complex health and environmental issues contributed to by the Standard American Diet (SAD). WEBSITE: DOCTORKILTZ.COM / IG: @doctorkiltz 06:44 LION CUBS - Advice on how to teach your children healthy habits around what to eat in a world that teaches that toxic foods are healthy! 10:01 Recap of the “Healing Humanity” Meat-Up & a review of The Unholy Trinity by Daniel Trevor. 13:03 “Fruit is okay but only in small amounts. Protein and fat are better for you.” -Everly Milton (5 years old). Proper nutrition starts at CHILDBIRTH! 17:15 SOURDOUGH BREAD is lower in GLUTEN but still has the LECTIN and OXALATE content of other commercial breads
Statistically speaking, cardiovascular disease is the most likely thing both to kill you and to make you stop living before you die. Knowing the most likely thing to cause the the thing that is most likely to kill you can help you decide what to deliberately put on autopilot in your daily life to drastically decrease your chances of becoming a statistic so you're more able to help the people who need you most as you get older rather than the other way around.Free list of supplement brands I trustsend me a message: healthcouragecollective@gmail.comMy Website
Dr Robert Kiltz discusses the profound impact of diet on health and fertility, emphasising the importance of a carnivore diet rich in fatty meats. He explores the role of inflammation in disease, the significance of fasting, and the importance of the glycocalyx in cellular health. Dr. Kiltz also addresses common misconceptions about insulin, the benefits of dietary fats, and the relationship between diet and menopause. He concludes with insights on heart health and the importance of questioning conventional dietary wisdom. Chapters 00:00 Introduction to Dr. Robert Kiltz 02:02 The Impact of Diet on Fertility 05:50 Understanding Inflammation and Hormonal Health 10:10 The Role of Fats in Nutrition 13:53 Fasting: Benefits and Considerations 17:45 The Glycocalyx and Its Importance 21:57 Nutrition During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding 26:11 Menopause and Hormonal Changes 29:53 Final Thoughts on Diet and Health 34:03 The Evolution of Human Diet 39:49 The Importance of Fatty Meat 44:08 The Misconception of Protein 51:22 Understanding Obesity and Health 56:22 The Role of Testing in Health 01:01:39 Fat Adaptation and Energy
Broadcast from KSQD, Santa Cruz on 10-03-2024: In response to several listener emails, Dr. Dawn expands on the benefits of Nori powder and Rhamnan sulfate, including their effects on cholesterol and the glycocalyx. TheThe type of Nori seaweed species with the high amounts of Rhamnam sulfate is monostroma nitidum (Japanese name Hitoegusa,) and can be obtained online at Https://okume.us. She then took a little time to recap the antiviral, anti-glycemic, and cardiovascular benefits of Rhamnan sulfate found in certain seaweeds. The doctor then emphasized the importance of hot water extraction for seaweed and mushrooms as dried powders to increase bioavailability of beneficial compounds. In response to another email, Dr. Dawn addressed green tea's interaction with iron which binds and prevents absorption and its potential impact on EGCG's antioxidant properties. This lead to a brief reassuring discussion about internet memes around the safety of tea consumption and debunking concerns about lead contamination in most commercial teas. We then heard about the potential link between a common artificial fragrance Musk Ambrette, which is implicated in causing early puberty in girls as young as 9 years old. Dr. Dawn briefly comments on the need for a new economic model to address the growing threat of antibiotic-resistant superbugs and the need for new antibiotics. A discussion on so-called anti-nutrients in foods, including lectins, oxalates, and phytates, and their actual impact on health. The importance of cooking methods in reducinganti-nutrients and increasing mineral availability in foods. The potential benefits of phytoestrogens, particularly from soy, in reducing cancer risk for young women. The risks associated with processed and convenience foods, particularly regarding microplastics. In response to a telephone question, the doctor gave some strategies for managing herpes outbreaks and its potential long-term effects on brain health. She also emphasized the importance of sleep and exercise for longevity and overall health.
Get ready to upgrade your cardiovascular health in a way you've never heard of before. Dave Asprey sits down with Dr. Michael Twyman, a pioneering biohacking cardiologist who blends cutting-edge functional medicine with conventional wisdom to help you avoid heart attacks and strokes. If you think cardiovascular disease is inevitable, think again. Dr. Twyman reveals the hidden mechanisms behind heart disease, starting with the misunderstood role of plaque in your arteries and the essential yet underappreciated glycocalyx—a slippery gel-like coating that could be the key to preventing arterial damage. From there, it's all about prevention, prevention, prevention. Want to know how simple lifestyle tweaks can significantly reduce your risk of cardiovascular events? We've got the biohacks—grounding, sunlight exposure, cold plunges, and more—laid out for you in a step-by-step, easy-to-apply format. Dr. Twyman breaks down the crucial role of circadian biology and how aligning your body clock with natural light cycles can help protect your heart. Plus, learn why grounding might just be the ultimate, free anti-inflammatory tool you've been missing. This episode isn't just about tips and tricks—it's a complete roadmap to understanding and optimizing your heart health. Dave and Dr. Twyman get into the nitty-gritty of lab tests you should be asking for, why exercise is only part of the solution, and how the current medical insurance model fails to protect your cardiovascular future. Don't miss out on these life-saving insights that are rooted in both ancient wisdom and modern science. Sponsors: Viome | Go to https://viome.com/dave to save $110 on the Full Body Intelligence Test. fatty15 | Go to https://fatty15.com/dave and save an extra $15 when you subscribe with code DAVE. Resources: Calroy Health Sciences: https://calroy.com/ Dr. Michael Twyman's Website: https://www.apollocardiology.com/ Follow Dr. Michael Twyman on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drtwyman Dave's Linktree: linktr.ee/daveasprey Dave Asprey's Book ‘Smarter Not Harder': daveasprey.com/books Want to join The Human Upgrade Podcast Live? Join Our Upgrade Collective: https://www.ourupgradecollective.com/ Danger Coffee by Dave Asprey: https://www.instagram.com/dangercoffeeofficial/ Supplements by Dave Asprey: https://shopsuppgradelabs.com/ Own an Upgrade Labs: https://ownanupgradelabs.com/ Timestamps and Highlights: • 00:00 — Introduction to Cardiovascular Health • 01:22 — Meet Dr. Michael Twyman • 05:57 — Understanding Heart Attacks • 08:09 — The Role of Glycocalyx in Cardiovascular Health • 15:17 — Lifestyle Changes for Cardiovascular Health • 24:32 — Exercise and Cardiovascular Health • 27:58 — Effective VO2 Max Strategies • 28:12 — Patient Exercise Goals and Time Management • 29:12 — Thyroid and Cardiovascular Health • 32:49 — Circadian Biology and Heart Disease • 33:57 — Sunlight, Grounding, and Seasonal Health • 38:49 — The Role of Statins in Cardiovascular Health • 43:16 — Key Labs for Cardiovascular Risk Assessment • 50:33 — Insurance and Preventative Health • 54:35 — Conclusion and Final Thoughts See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
Broadcast from KSQD, Santa Cruz on 9--12-2024: Dr. Dawn explains gout, its causes, and conventional and alternative medical approaches to treating it. The role of the gut microbiome in gout is explored, including how certain bacteria can influence uric acid levels. Diet and lifestyle recommendations for managing gout are discussed, including prebiotic-rich foods and fermented foods. The Glycocalyx, a thin membrane lining blood vessels, is introduced as an important factor in cardiovascular health. Factors that damage and protect the Glycocalyx are discussed, including the effects of hyperglycemia and certain medications. Rhamnan sulfate, derived from seaweed, is highlighted as a potential supplement for improving vascular health and reducing atherosclerotic plaques. A new method of testing for sleep apnea using sweat analysis is presented, offering a potential alternative to current diagnostic methods. The show compares surgical and non-surgical approaches to treating Achilles tendon ruptures, discussing the benefits of functional bracing over immobilization.
Larry joins Angie to discuss the importance of the human cell membrane called the glycocalyx, and how it relates to cell to cell communication and immune system function. How do things outside the cell make things inside the cell happen and why that matters if we want a healthy immune system. Tune in!
Daniel shares his incredible health journey - from battling type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and osteoporosis to overcoming a heart attack and undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention, Daniel's story is both inspiring and eye-opening. During the podcast, Shawn and Daniel delve into the importance of comprehensive testing, like the OGTT with insulin, and address financial incentives behind common medical procedures like stents and bypass surgeries. Daniel provides a compelling critique of traditional dietary advice, advocating for an ancestral diet and highlighting the negative impacts of high fructose, sugar, and seed oils. Find out about Daniel's transformation through low-carb, keto, and carnivore diets, his success with intermittent fasting and fasted exercise, and the triumph he shares in his book, "Unholy Trinity." With endorsements from respected doctors and a top spot on Amazon for heart disease and diabetes, Daniel's story is not to be missed. Website: www.DanielTrevor.com Timestamps: 00:00 Trailer. 00:48 Introduction. 04:27 Daniel's dietary evolution and book. 07:34 Realization about misleading health information and its effects. 10:24 Ancel Keys. 14:34 Glycocalyx protection against LDL, damaged by smoking. 16:48 Doctor Phil talked about low-fat diet deception. 19:02 Surprising research findings. 21:53 Doctors lack knowledge of diabetes testing. 25:24 Exercise vs heart attack risk. 28:17 PCI procedure, statins, and ischemia trial. 29:56 Challenges of medical industry and gratitude expressed. 35:05 Addictions and diet. 36:50 Trinity of triumph: low carb, keto, carnivore. 41:47 False data and fake science. 44:39 Endorsements for book. 45:58 Selective, impactful testing. 49:05 How to avoid surprises. 51:35 Where to find Daniel. See open positions at Revero: https://jobs.lever.co/Revero/ Join Carnivore Diet for a free 30 day trial: https://carnivore.diet/join/ Carnivore Shirts: https://merch.carnivore.diet Subscribe to our Newsletter: https://carnivore.diet/subscribe/ . #revero #shawnbaker #Carnivorediet #MeatHeals #HealthCreation #humanfood #AnimalBased #ZeroCarb #DietCoach #FatAdapted #Carnivore #sugarfree
This episode is brought to you by Plunge and Lumebox. Heart disease stands as one of the foremost global killers, claiming the top spot as the leading cause of death among women. With numerous factors contributing to its development, the future lies in precision cardiology—individually, customized, and prevention-focused. Today's episode is a deep dive into endothelial health and the journey to becoming heart attack-proof. Today on The Dhru Purohit Podcast, Dhru sits down with Dr. Michael Twyman and Dr. Neel Patel to discuss endothelial and cardiovascular health. Dr. Twyman shares his approach to assessing an individual's risk of heart disease, metabolic health, and the importance of nitric oxide. Dhru, Dr. Patel, and Dr. Twyman discuss the role of genetics and the bloodwork you can order on your own and through a traditional healthcare system. They also discuss the diet and lifestyle for optimal heart health, supplements that should be incorporated into your daily routine, and the role of statins. Dr. Michael Twyman is a board-certified cardiologist focusing on the prevention and early detection of heart disease. Dr. Twyman completed his cardiovascular training at St. Louis University after he completed a four-year active-duty tour as an internist at Naval Hospital Beaufort. He has been in private practice since 2012 and uses the best of conventional, quantum, and Functional Medicine and biohacking to get to the root cause of his patients' cardiovascular issues. In this episode, Dhru, Dr. Twyman and Dr. Patel dive into (audio version / Apple Subscriber version): Microplastics and cardiovascular health (00:00:05 / 00:00:05) How to approach vascular health and what is endothelial health (3:42 / 3:42) Traditional versus Dr. Twyman's approach to the risk of heart disease (10:00 / 8:10) Glycocalyx: what damages it and what supports it (14:32 /13:02) How to approach metabolic health (21:40 / 20:19) The role of nitric oxide (24:00 / 22:14) Photobiomodulation recommendations (33:00 / 31:07) Nitrates in your diet, testing nitric oxide levels, and Dhru's results (42:00 / 39:00) How does high blood pressure start (53:00 / 51:15) The role of genetics (57:00 / 54:36) The three buckets of bloodwork and ordering bloodwork in the traditional system (1:01:00 / 58:33) Best diet for heart health (1:18:00 / 1:15:15) Optimal supplementation (1:26:00 / 1:22:40) Statins: who should take them and who should avoid them (1:37:00 / 1:33:50) Biohacking: blue light blocking glasses and sauna (1:58:00 / 1:53:10) Also mentioned in this episode: Lifeforce Digital Huberman Protocol post Image of Dhru's ApoB results For more on Dr. Michael Twyman, follow him on Instagram @drtwyman or his website, drtwyman.com. Right now, Plunge is offering my community $150 off cold plunges and their core products. Just go to plunge.com/dhru or enter code DHRU to revolutionize your wellness journey today. Lumebox is offering my community $260 off their FDA-approved portable Red Light device! That's over 40% off! Go to thelumebox.com/dhru and get your Red Light device.
In this groundbreaking interview we discuss the causes of atherosclerosis from a first principles. We cover the critical role of endothelial glycocalx, exclusion zone (EZ) water, nitric oxide (NO), sunlight, whether or not the heart is truly a pump, statins as mitochondrial toxins, coronary calcium and much more.Michael Twyman, MD is the worlds leading decentralized cardiologist specializing in the prevention of aetheroscelortic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). He practices in St Louis, Missouri.--------------------------------------------------------------LEARN how to GET HEALTHY SUN EXPOSURE - PRESALE Offer !✅ Dr Max's Solar Callus Course
Welcome to Episode 95: Cardiovascular endothelium health with Dr. Kristine Burke podcast is dedicated to Alzheimer's Prevention and Reversal Project Foundation. If we reach 500 listens within the first 30 days, we will make a donation in honor of our guest Dr. Burke. Episode 95: Cardiovascular endothelium health with Dr. Kristine Burke In this episode we discuss: The endothelial glycocalyx and its importance in cardiovascular health. Vascular inflammation markers and their impact on cardiovascular health. Using non-invasive tests to assess cardiovascular health. Glycocalyx strengthening nutrients and compounds Nutrition and supplements for vascular health. Cardiovascular health and treatment options. About Dr. Burke Kristine Burke, MD is a triple board-certified Functional Medicine Physician, Entrepreneur, Author, Educator, and Researcher. She is an expert in the reversal and prevention of chronic diseases such as dementia, diabetes, heart attacks and strokes. She has a special focus on mold-related illness and its connection to many conditions including research into reversing the cognitive decline of Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia. She teaches Functional Medicine in her role as Asst Clinical Professor of Preventive Medicine at Loma Linda University School of Medicine and has also had the pleasure of being an educator for IFM. She is the Founder and Medical Director of True Health Center for Precision Medicine in Northern California - a multi-disciplinary practice that delivers personalized primary care with a proprietary data-driven wellness plan that has successfully prevented any heart attacks from occurring among its patients for over a decade. The center also provides an array of specialized consultation services to define and address the root causes of disease so that every day we can reverse chronic illness to help people reclaim their health. Social Links: www.truehealthcfm.com @truehealthcfm @drkristineburke @qlaritybreastimagingedh --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/onethingpod/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/onethingpod/support
In today's episode with Dr. Tom Guilliams, you'll hear us take a deep dive on: 1. The secrets of the endothelial glycocalyx 2. Potential biomarkers for assessing glycocalyx activity 3. The role of glycocalyx in cardiovascular health 4. Lifestyle factors that support endothelial health 5. Insights for maintaining cardiovascular health Dr. Tom Guilliams serves as the Director at Point Institute and the Adjunct Associate Professor at University of Wisconsin School of Pharmacy, boasting two decades of experience in the critical assessment of lifestyle, nutritional, and dietary supplement strategies aimed at both preventing and managing chronic diseases. Order tests through Rupa Health, the BEST place to order functional medicine lab tests from 30+ labs - https://www.rupahealth.com/reference-guide
Vascular health is fundamentally essential to longevity and health span, and that's why I'm thrilled to be welcoming Dr. Michael Twyman to New Frontiers. Trained as an invasive cardiologist, Dr. Twyman has made the shift to a more preventative approach, moving beyond traditional cath lab results to focus on the health of the 60,000 miles of blood vessels that carry vital blood, oxygen and nutrients to every organ in the body, with hopes of reaching patients before they reach the end stages of disease. In this episode we'll look at endothelial glycocalyx dysfunction as the root cause of cardiovascular disease, and dive into the key roles of nitric oxide, circadian biology, and the oral microbiome on cardiovascular health. I know you'll find this interview to be absolutely fascinating. Have a listen and leave me a comment let me know what you think. ~DrKF
Dr Alessandro Cicchetti and Luca Possenti present the results of the AIRC project “Mechanistic computational modelling of radiation damage to microvasculature and of its effect on tumour microenvironment”. This research comprises pre-clinical microfluidic chips, in-silico models, and patient data. The interview by Dr Orazio Fortunato gives an overview of the methodology and the possible impact on clinical practice.
CONNECTED BODY PODCAST WITH LAURA LONDONToday on the Connected Body Podcast, I had the pleasure of interviewing Dr. Ronald Drucker. Dr. Drucker is a natural healing physician, an autoimmune specialist, and the author of the book “The Code of Life: The Anti-Aging Disease, Prevention and Recovery Breakthrough”. Learn About:What is Autoimmune disease and how to heal.Why nutrients are vital create health.What leaky gut really is. Healthy Detoxing.Dr. Drucker's 30 Systems TestWhy taking a through history is so important.What is a differential diagnosis and why it's so important.Learn what immuno-modulators are and what they do.Activate your Glycocalyx, restore your organs and health from chronic issues.Listen as we discussed the importance of wellness and preventive medicine in creating a healthy lifestyle. Tune in to the podcast to get all the details and insights from our amazing conversation and how to heal autoimmune disease.Dr. Ronald Drucker: HealTheRootCause.comDr. Ronald Drucker: DrRonPDrucker.comSchedule a Call: (954)-547-0487#drronalddrucker #lauralondonfitness #connectedbodypodcast #wellnesswednesday #healthyliving #antiaging #longevity #wellnessjourney #podcasting #interview #autoimmunedisease #wellnesscoach #healingphysician I hope you enjoyed this episode of the Connected Body Podcast. LauraLondonFitness.comLauraLondonWellness.comInstagramYouTubeFacebook
Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.06.23.546317v1?rss=1 Authors: Tharp, K., Park, S., Timblin, G. A., Richards, A., Berg, J., Twells, N., Riley, N. M., Peltan, E., Shon, D. J., Stevenson, E., Tsui, C. K., Palomba, F., Lefebvre, A. E., Soens, R., Ayad, N., ten Hoeve-Scott, J., Healy, K., Digman, M., Dillin, A., Bertozzi, C., Mahal, L. K., Swaney, D., Cantor, J. R., Paszek, M., Weaver, V. Abstract: Efforts to identify anti-cancer therapeutics and understand tumor-immune interactions are built with in vitro models that do not match the microenvironmental characteristics of human tissues. Using in vitro models which mimic the physical properties of healthy or cancerous tissues and a physiologically relevant culture medium, we demonstrate that the chemical and physical properties of the microenvironment regulate the composition and topology of the glycocalyx. Remarkably, we find that cancer and age-related changes in the physical properties of the microenvironment are sufficient to adjust immune surveillance via the topology of the glycocalyx, a previously unknown phenomenon observable only with a physiologically relevant culture medium. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC
PODCAST HIGHLIGHTS: More research is showing how damaged to the endothelium glycocalyx is the root cause of most cardiovascular diseases. Understand causes and treatments for cardiovascular disease. What the endothelium and endothelial glycocalyx is. Different lifestyle habits that can promote this. The beginning causes of damage to the endothelium. How calcium and calcified arteries contribute. The role...... Continue Reading →
Dr Sanjeev Goel interviews world renowned expert Dr Hans Vink on the science of the Glycocalyx and Robert Long from Microvascular Health Solutions.
When red blood cells flow in a capillary they do not touch the sides of the blood vessel. This observation led to the discovery of the Glycocalyx which all cells need to survive. Find out the role of the Glycocalyx in cell health, in interactions with lipoproteins and how they contribute to atherosclerosis. For more information, visit www.VyvyaneLohMD.com
This week's podcast comes from this blog post, Keeping Your Glycocalyx Healthy https://www.drlaurendeville.com/keeping-your-glycocalyx-healthy/
Dr. Mark has on Dr. Hans Vink and Bob long for the third time on the Good News Doctor Podcast. In this episode they present updated studies theyve conducted proving more and more how life really is in the blood! What is long haul covid? How has long haul-Covid effected the people of all ages? Find out in this information packed episode. This is an episode for practitioners/people who like data and research! Watch the first episode with Bob here: https://youtu.be/S-4MulIs6Ss Watch the second episode with them: https://youtu.be/C9eblbqIL_4 Dr. Hans Vink, Cofounder of Microvascular Health Solutions. He has over a 30 year career in clinical research. He has published 87 papers and has been sited in 1200+ papers world wide. He has helped research and improve the Glycocheck camera. Listen to this episode to learn more about his studies.This is a visual episode full of studies and graphs.
Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.11.04.515043v1?rss=1 Authors: Roman-Fernandez, A., Mansour, M., Kugeratski, F. G., Anand, J., Sandilands, E., Galbraith, L., Rakovic, K., Freckmann, E. C., Cumming, E. M., Park, J., Nikolatou, K., Lilla, S., Shaw, R., Strachan, D., Mason, S., Patel, R., McGarry, L., Katoch, A., Campbell, K., Nixon, C., Miller, C. J., Leung, H. Y., Le Quesne, J., Norman, J. C., Zanivan, S. R., Blyth, K., Bryant, D. M. Abstract: The glycocalyx component and sialomucin Podocalyxin (PODXL) is required for normal tissue development by promoting apical membranes to form between cells, triggering lumen formation. Elevated PODXL expression is also associated with metastasis and poor clinical outcome in multiple tumour types. How PODXL presents this duality in effect remains unknown. We identify an unexpected function of PODXL as a decoy receptor for Galectin-3 (GAL3), whereby the PODXL-GAL3 interaction releases GAL3 repression of integrin-based invasion. Differential cortical targeting of PODXL, regulated by ubiquitination, is the molecular mechanism controlling alternate fates. Both PODXL high versus low surface levels occur in parallel subpopulations within cancer cells. Orthotopic intraprostatic xenograft of PODXL-manipulated cells or those with different surface levels of PODXL define that this axis controls metastasis in vivo. Clinically, interplay between PODXL-GAL3 stratifies prostate cancer patients with poor outcome. Our studies define the molecular mechanisms and context in which PODXL promotes invasion and metastasis. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC
Joining Brian and myself in our virtual studio we are delighted to have Dr Sara Lawrence-Mills, one of our fabulous residents in Anaesthesia and Analgesia here at the RVC. Sara has taken an interest into the endothelial glycocalyx and we thought we'd talk to her to find out why. We hope that you enjoy. Some references of interest: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35654338/https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.661660/fullhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22290457/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32067360/ To Cite this podcast as: Dom Barfield. RVC Clinical Podcast 134 Endothelial glycocalyx with Sara Lawrence-Mills. Published on September 30 2022 If you have any comments about this podcast, please get in touch: email dbarfield@rvc.ac.uk; tweet @dombarfield. We would greatly appreciate your time to rate us on Apple podcast, podbean or Acast and kindly write us a review.
The primary demand on our health system is the management of chronic diseases. Many of these chronic diseases involve the vasculature or blood vessels such as heart disease, strokes, kidney failure, diabetes, kidney failure, etc. Renal failure is increasing in its prevalence. While filtration rate should be 100 %, the current system does not mark kidney function as poor until it drops below 60 %. We won't have symptoms of renal difficulties until are filtration rate is 30 %. We can urinate regularly even when in phase 5 of kidney failure Glycocalyx are hair like elements that line our blood vessels. The role of these hairs is to protect the blood vessel lining, serve as a gate keeper for oxygen, and to facilitate the release of nitric oxide which results in blood vessel dilation. They are the first site of damage in vessel disease. Studies have shown that improving the health of these vessels, can minimize spike protein damage, improve atherosclerosis and improve kidney function. This earliest damage to our blood vessels can be measured and effective approaches to reversing this damage are presented.
The primary demand on our health system is the management of chronic diseases. Many of these chronic diseases involve the vasculature or blood vessels such as heart disease, strokes, kidney failure, diabetes, kidney failure, etc. Renal failure is increasing in its prevalence. While filtration rate should be 100 %, the current system does not mark kidney function as poor until it drops below 60 %. We won't have symptoms of renal difficulties until are filtration rate is 30 %. We can urinate regularly even when in phase 5 of kidney failure Glycocalyx are hair like elements that line our blood vessels. The role of these hairs is to protect the blood vessel lining, serve as a gate keeper for oxygen, and to facilitate the release of nitric oxide which results in blood vessel dilation. They are the first site of damage in vessel disease. Studies have shown that improving the health of these vessels, can minimize spike protein damage, improve atherosclerosis and improve kidney function. This earliest damage to our blood vessels can be measured and effective approaches to reversing this damage are presented.
The primary demand on our health system is the management of chronic diseases. Many of these chronic diseases involve the vasculature or blood vessels such as heart disease, strokes, kidney failure, diabetes, kidney failure, etc. Renal failure is increasing in its prevalence. While filtration rate should be 100 %, the current system does not mark kidney function as poor until it drops below 60 %. We won't have symptoms of renal difficulties until are filtration rate is 30 %. We can urinate regularly even when in phase 5 of kidney failure Glycocalyx are hair like elements that line our blood vessels. The role of these hairs is to protect the blood vessel lining, serve as a gate keeper for oxygen, and to facilitate the release of nitric oxide which results in blood vessel dilation. They are the first site of damage in vessel disease. Studies have shown that improving the health of these vessels, can minimize spike protein damage, improve atherosclerosis and improve kidney function. This earliest damage to our blood vessels can be measured and effective approaches to reversing this damage are presented.
For more information, contact us at 859-721-1414 or myhealth@prevmedheartrisk.com. Also, check out the following resources: ·Newsletter Sign Up·Jubilee website·PrevMed's website·PrevMed's YouTube channel·PrevMed's Facebook page·PrevMed's Instagram·PrevMed's LinkedIn·PrevMed's Twitter ·PrevMed's Pinterest
For more information, contact us at 859-721-1414 or myhealth@prevmedheartrisk.com. Also, check out the following resources: ·Jubilee website·PrevMed's website·PrevMed's YouTube channel·PrevMed's Facebook page·PrevMed's Instagram·PrevMed's LinkedIn·PrevMed's Twitter ·PrevMed's Pinterest
We are living in times of great medical discoveries and advancements and today I am thrilled to talk about a relatively unknown structure: the endothelial glycocalyx (EGX). EGX can profoundly affect overall health – after all, you can't have healthy organs and tissues if blood vessels are not healthy. Today on New Frontiers, I am joined by Dr. Kristine Burke a board certified family, sports and functional medicine physician and medical director for Help Your Diabetes Sacramento, where we discuss the full breadth of EGX functions and why it's critical for cardiovascular health and so much more. Dr. Burke shares her exciting clinical experience and impressive findings from her case study series using Arterosil for plaque regression in some of her toughest patients. It's a fascinating and enlightening conversation, so tune in and get ready to take some notes! Thanks for listening, and your support of New Frontiers. -DrKF
0:00 Introduction0:38 Eat Rich-Live Long (Ivor's Book)2:50 Ivor's journey from sickness to health "Insulin Resistance"07:37 Having fixed his own health Ivor became an evangelist to help others10:42 What is Metabolic Syndrome? How common is it?13:30 Metabolic Syndrome kills many more people than Covid we should act!15:27 Root causes of Type2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome (diet)21:55 So what SHOULD we eat to be healthy?32:16 Graham's Twitter spat with Innocent Smoothies38:12 How does sugar damage our cardiovascular system? (The Glycocalyx)41:11 Ancel Keys: The Diet-Heart Hypothesis (Bad Food and Bad Pharma)56:50 Food as an investment in your health59:00 Solutions!1:03:32 Using Tech to measure your healthResources discussed in the podcast:Ivor Cummin's BookEarly Technical TalkVitamin DThe Common Soil HypothesisDr. Micheal Eades - 'Paleopathology and the Origins of the Low-carb Diet' Dr. Michael Eades and The Fat EmperorGabor Erdosi - Processed Food PerilsGabor Erdosi and The Fat EmperorNina TeicholzRobert Lustig on the ProLongevity PodcastDr. Chris Knobbe - Diseases of Civilization: Are Seed Oil Excesses the Unifying Mechanism?Dr. Chris Knobbe - Omega-6 Apocalypse: From Heart Disease to Cancer and Macular DegenerationNadir Ali - Beating Heart Disease Through Understanding LDLTed Naiman MD - Protein vs EnergyThe Fat Emperor - The Crucial Story of Vitamin D and Human HealthMark Felstead from We Love Our Heart on the ProLongevity PodcastIn case you missed it, Graham and Ivor did a podcast last year which makes for some riveting content, please watch, enjoy, and leave a comment so you can help other people in similar circumstances feel confident about trying ProLongevity. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yx3UvZDL7H4
For more information, contact us at 859-721-1414 or myhealth@prevmedheartrisk.com. Also, check out the following resources: ·Jubilee website·PrevMed's website·PrevMed's YouTube channel·PrevMed's Facebook page·PrevMed's Instagram·PrevMed's LinkedIn·PrevMed's Twitter ·PrevMed's Pinterest
Anesthesia and Critical Care Reviews and Commentary (ACCRAC) Podcast
In this 223rd episode I welcome Dr. Marius Fassbinder back to the show to discuss the glycocalyx. We discuss what it is, what roll it plays in fluid dynamics, and what we need to know about how it influences our fluid management.Advertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy
•Heart disease is the number one killer of both men and women in the United States.•Cardiovascular disease kills more women than all forms of cancer combined.•We can now treat the root cause of all cardiovascular issues in both women and men: impairment of the Glycocalyx. Dr. Vesna talks with Mark Alyn.
•Heart disease is the number one killer of both men and women in the United States.•Cardiovascular disease kills more women than all forms of cancer combined.•We can now treat the root cause of all cardiovascular issues in both women and men: impairment of the Glycocalyx. Dr. Vesna talks with Mark Alyn.
The glycocalyx is a very important gel-like barrier that protects the cells of your lung and blood vessels from inflammatory damage and pathogen invasion. Poor nutrition and common health issues cause this lining to shed, paving the way for infections. ➢ Support Your Sleep with the new Ashwagandha Sleep Aid: https://bit.ly/ashwagandha-sleep-aid Use code podcast at checkout ➢ Eat Like Your Life Depends on it tee Shirt: https://bit.ly/3nNRsOu Links to Video, Images and Research: https://bit.ly/35h5At6 We discuss more about: -Why the health of your glycocalyx is important right now -Ways to prevent glycocalyx shedding -Why sulfur in the diet is important -Possible assessment tools for glycocalyx health Time Stamps: 0:00 Intro 1:02 Shedding of the Glycocalyx is a problem 1:33 NAC and Sulfur in the diet is important 2:50 Germ Theory presented by Louis Pasteur 3:11 Claude Bernard and the terrain theory 4:00 Sulfur helps make the glycocalyx protective 5:20 The paper we're discussing 6:00 Ashwagandha and sleep 7:30 Measuring your Glycocalyx 7:50 What causes glycocalyx shedding 10:01 Listen to This!! Important Quote 11:26 Sulfur and the Glycocalyx 13:46 Excellent image of the glycocalyx 15:18 Glycocalyx shedding and severe disease 16:47 How to support your barriers (glycocalyx) naturally
KSQD 9-15-2021: Comments on an editorial declaring Biology researchers must generate ideas as well as data; The standard lipid panel is not thorough enough to diagnose risks of cardiac disease or validate statin use; The complex physiology and importance of the glycocalyx: the glycolipid and glycoprotein coating of cells and blood vessels; Strange science: Hard water film on the surface of tea makes it taste less bitter; Get a standing desk -- it will help you prevent diabetes; It is never too late to increase health by exercising even if you normally don't; The problem of infection of dental implants; Misplaced interpretation of genetics for schizophrenia; The importance of drinking enough water is especially important as you age
KSQD 9-15-2021: Comments on an editorial declaring Biology researchers must generate ideas as well as data; The standard lipid panel is not thorough enough to diagnose risks of cardiac disease or validate statin use; The complex physiology and importance of the glycocalyx: the glycolipid and glycoprotein coating of cells and blood vessels; Strange science: Hard water film on the surface of tea makes it taste less bitter; Get a standing desk -- it will help you prevent diabetes; It is never too late to increase health by exercising even if you normally don't; The problem of infection of dental implants; Misplaced interpretation of genetics for schizophrenia; The importance of drinking enough water is especially important as you age
This is my weekly YT Live event. Tonight we talked about the new & first randomized clinical trial on Vit D and T2DM prevention. We also talked about limiting statin use to those with plaque, and finally, we talked about the glycocalyx. It's where it's all happening. For more information, contact us at 859-721-1414 or myhealth@prevmedheartrisk.com. Also, check out the following resources: ·PrevMed's website·PrevMed's YouTube channel·PrevMed's Facebook page
This is my weekly YT Live event. Tonight we talked about the new & first randomized clinical trial on Vit D and T2DM prevention. We also talked about limiting statin use to those with plaque, and finally, we talked about glycocalyx. It's where it's all happening. For more information, contact us at 859-721-1414 or myhealth@prevmedheartrisk.com. Also, check out the following resources: ·PrevMed's website·PrevMed's YouTube channel·PrevMed's Facebook page
VetFolio - Veterinary Practice Management and Continuing Education Podcasts
The Endothelial Glycocalyx - Why Our Patients’ Health Depends on It by NAVC & LifeLearn Animal Health
Lund and Browder Chart to Estimate Burn Size in Children Parkland Formula for Burns Amount needed in addition to maintenance fluids: 4 mL/kg x BSA% = X Add 1/2 of X to maintenance over the 1st 8 hours Add the other 1/2 of X to maintenance over the next 16 hours Escharotomy Guide and the "Roman Breastplate" Yin et al. Bedside Escharotomies for Burns Classic Paragraph Selected References Mahar PD et al. Clinical differences between major burns patients deemed survivable and non-survivable on admisssion. Injury. 2015; 46:870-873. Mathis E et al. Pediatric Thermal Burns and Treatment: A Review of Progress and Future Prospects. Medicines. 2017; 4:91. Osuka A et al. Glycocalyx shedding is anhanced by age and correlates with increased fluid requirement in patients with major burns. Shock. 2017; 50(1):60-65. Sebastian R et al. Percutaneous pigtail catheter in the treatment of pneumothorax in major burns: The best alternative? Burns. 2015; e24-227 Sherren PB et al. Lethal triad in severe burns. Burns. 2014; 1492-1496. Strobel AM et al. Emergency Care of Pediatric Burns. Emerg Med Clin N AM. 2018; 441-458.
Ivor Cummins BE(Chem) CEng MIEI PMP completed a Biochemical Engineering degree in 1990. He has since spent over 25 years in corporate technical leadership and management positions. His career specialty has been leading large worldwide teams in complex problem-solving activity. Since 2012 Ivor has been intensively researching the root causes of modern chronic disease. A particular focus has been on cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. He shares his research insights at public speaking engagements around the world, revealing the key nutritional and lifestyle interventions which will deliver excellent health and personal productivity. He has recently presented on heart disease primary root causes at the British Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (BACPR). He has also debated Irish Professors of Medicine on stage, at the annual conference of the Irish National Institute of Preventative Cardiology (NIPC). Ivor’s 2018 book “Eat Rich, Live Long” (co-authored with preventative medicine expert Jeffry Gerber MD, FAAFP), details the conclusions of their shared research: https://www.amazon.com/Eat-Rich-Live-Long-Mastering/dp/1628602732/ His public lectures and interviews are available on YouTube, where he has 60,000 subscribers and 5 million views have been recorded to date: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCPn4FsiQP15nudug9FDhluA. Most of Ivor’s material is readily accessible via his rapidly growing website: https://thefatemperor.com/ Ivor is currently the Chief Program Officer and for Irish Heart Disease Awareness: http://www.IHDA.ie Ivor lives in Dublin, Ireland, with his wife and five children. Time Stamps: 13:19 Start of the Podcast 14:24 Ivor's background in cholesterol research. 18:14 Lab work/lipid panels. 21:04 Triglyceride/HDL ratio. 22:58 hsCRP and fasting insulin. 24:49 Ivor's ferritin levels. 25:12 Ivor's dietary changes. 29:34 Hypertension as criteria for metabolic syndrome. 32:23 How did Ivor's ferritin change ? 34:19 Iron overload on the carnivore diet. 39:19 LDL. 50:09 If LDL was enough to initiate atherosclerosis why do we not see atherosclerosis in veins? 51:59.Artery wall damage. 1:00::29 Glycocalyx. 1:03::48 Oxidized LDL. 1:05::29 Saturated fat and oxidized LDL. 1:08::19 APOE4 and insulin resistance. 1:11:49 Is fat in dairy inflammatory ? 1:17:09 The problem with combining carbohydrates and fat. 1:23:09 Refined fats. 1:27:34 Study on decreased saturated fat intake and increased polyunsaturated fat intake correlation with Lpa and oxidized LDL levels. 1:35:19 Should we be consuming a low linoleic acid diet? 1:38:44 Do humans need high amounts of Omega 3? 1:45:39 Omega 7 1:50:59 The negative effects of soybean oil. 1:51:49 Where to find Ivor's work. 1:56:49 The most radical thing Ivor has done recently. Belcampo: Use the code CARNIVOREMD for 10% off your order! Ancestral Supplements https://ancestralsupplements.com/ Code SALADINOMD on the shopify site to receive 10% off. White Oak Pastures: Use the code CARNIVOREMD at www.whiteoakpastures.com for 10% off your first order! JOOVV: www.joovv.com/paul INSIDER: carnivoremd.com My contact information: Book: www.thecarnivorecodebook.com PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/paulsaladinomd SOCIAL MEDIA Instagram: @carnivoremd Website: carnivoremd.com Twitter:@carnivoremd Facebook: Paul Saladino MD email: drpaul@carnivoremd.com
Scottish doctor, writer, speaker, and outspoken cholesterol sceptic Malcolm Kendrick is back on the podcast this week. He continues to challenge the widespread use of statin medications, despite being targeted personally and professionally by those opposing his message. Since we last talked he has authored a new book, A Statin Nation: Damaging Millions in a Brave New Post-health World, elucidating his position against mainstream medicine’s rampant cholesterol-lowering tactics. On this podcast, Dr. Kendrick describes in detail exactly what he believes drives the process of cardiovascular disease, informed from 35 years of research on the subject. He explains specifically why cholesterol has been misunderstood, and how medicine got it wrong. We discuss corruption in medical research and the money supporting the status quo, and Dr. Kendrick shares some of the best ways to avoid heart disease (which have little to do with diet!). Here’s the outline of this interview with Malcolm Kendrick: [00:00:07] Our first podcast with Malcolm Kendrick: Why Cholesterol Levels Have No Effect on Cardiovascular Disease (And Things to Think about Instead). [00:00:30] Book: A Statin Nation: Damaging Millions in a Brave New Post-health World, by Dr. Malcolm Kendrick. His previous two books: Doctoring Data and The Cholesterol Con. [00:02:00] Causes vs processes. [00:03:40] History behind his journey and questioning authority. [00:07:30] Articles written by Elspeth Smith. [00:09:00] Karl Rokitansky’s paper discussing an alternative way of looking at CVD: A manual of pathological anatomy, Vol. 4. Day GE, trans. London: Sydenham Society, 1852:261; in print here. [00:09:06] Rudolf Virchow, researcher who pointed to cholesterol in artery walls. [00:10:55] Researcher Nikolai N. Anichkov: fed rabbits a high-cholesterol diet and cholesterol appeared in their arteries (sort of). [00:12:07] Ancel Keys; blaming saturated fat. [00:14:11] France - highest saturated fat consumption, lowest rate of CVD. Georgia - lowest sat fat consumption, highest rate of CVD. See graph, here. [00:15:16] International Network of Cholesterol Skeptics (THINCS). Study: Ravnskov, Uffe, et al. "Lack of an association or an inverse association between low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and mortality in the elderly: a systematic review." BMJ open 6.6 (2016): e010401. [00:16:50] Pleiotropic effects of statins. [00:17:29] Movie: 12 Angry Men (1957). [00:20:30] Robert Ross - response to injury hypothesis; Study: Ross, Russell, John Glomset, and Laurence Harker. "Response to injury and atherogenesis." The American journal of pathology 86.3 (1977): 675. [00:20:40] TV show: Stranger Things. [00:22:31] Infectious disease hypothesis. [00:22:52] Analogy of rust in the paint of a car; Sickle Cell Disease as an example. [00:27:12] 14-year old boy with Sickle Cell and atherosclerosis; Study: Elsharawy, M. A., and K. M. Moghazy. "Peripheral arterial lesions in patient with sickle cell disease." EJVES Extra 14.2 (2007): 15-18. [00:28:57] Endothelial progenitor cells, produced in the bone marrow, discovered in 1997. [00:29:31] Pig study of endothelial turnover: Caplan, Bernard A., and Colin J. Schwartz. "Increased endothelial cell turnover in areas of in vivo Evans Blue uptake in the pig aorta." Atherosclerosis 17.3 (1973): 401-417. [00:31:48] Vitamin C's role in maintaining collagen and blood vessels. [00:33:08] Lp(a) molecules - patching cracks in the artery walls. [00:33:42] Depriving guinea pigs of vitamin C caused atherosclerosis; Study: Willis, G. C. "The reversibility of atherosclerosis." Canadian Medical Association Journal 77.2 (1957): 106. [00:34:24] Linus Pauling - said CVD was caused by chronic low-level vitamin C deficiency. [00:35:53] What else damages endothelial cells? Many things, including smoking, air pollution, high blood sugar, Kawasaki disease, sepsis/infection. [00:41:19] Glycocalyx; Nitric oxide. [00:43:30] Health benefits of sun exposure. [00:44:26] Biomechanical stress (blood pressure) - atherosclerosis in arteries but not in veins. [00:47:57] Things that interfere with repair: steroids, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors. [00:55:00] The effects of stress on the cardiovascular system. [00:57:55] Red blood cells are what brings cholesterol into blood clots. [00:58:59] Cholesterol crystals in atherosclerotic plaques come from red blood cells. Study: Kolodgie, Frank D., et al. "Intraplaque hemorrhage and progression of coronary atheroma." New England Journal of Medicine 349.24 (2003): 2316-2325. [01:00:55] Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) are procoagulant; High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is anticoagulant. [01:03:46] Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH); Factor VIII. [01:08:15] Cholesterol-lowering pharmaceuticals; Repatha. In the clinical trial, the total number of cardiovascular deaths was greater in the Repatha group than the placebo group. Study: Sabatine, Marc S., et al. "Evolocumab and clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease." New England Journal of Medicine 376.18 (2017): 1713-1722. [01:09:34] David Deamer, biologist and Research Professor of Biomolecular Engineering. [01:10:05] Karl Popper, philosopher. [01:10:28] Bradford Hill’s Criteria for Causation. [01:13:52] Michael Mosley, BBC journalist. [01:16:40] Statin denialism - an internet cult with deadly consequences? [01:19:18] The money behind the statin and low-fat industries. [01:20:06] Margarine; Trans-fatty acids, banned in several countries. [01:24:37] The impact of food; The focus on food to the exclusion of other pillars of health. [01:26:38] Dr. Phil Hammond; CLANGERS [01:28:21] Avoiding internet attacks. [01:32:00] ApoA-1 Milano. Original study: Nissen, Steven E., et al. "Effect of recombinant ApoA-I Milano on coronary atherosclerosis in patients with acute coronary syndromes: a randomized controlled trial." Jama 290.17 (2003): 2292-2300. [01:33:05] The Heart Protection (HPS) Study in the UK: Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. "MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20 536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo controlled trial." The Lancet 360.9326 (2002): 7-22. [01:33:36] Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S) Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study Group. "Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)." The Lancet 344.8934 (1994): 1383-1389. [01:33:49] West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study (WOSCOPS): Shepherd, James, et al. "Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia." New England Journal of Medicine 333.20 (1995): 1301-1308. [01:34:21] National Institute of Health’s ALLHAT-LLT trial: Officers, A. L. L. H. A. T. "Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group: Major outcomes in moderately hypercholesterolemic, hypertensive patients randomized to pravastatin vs. usual care: the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT-LLT)." JAMA 288.23 (2002): 2998-3007. [01:34:50] 2005 - Regulations guiding clinical trials changed. [01:35:14] Negative antidepressant studies not published; Study: Turner, Erick H., et al. "Selective publication of antidepressant trials and its influence on apparent efficacy." New England Journal of Medicine 358.3 (2008): 252-260. [01:37:11] Minnesota Coronary Experiment (MCE): Analysis of recovered data: Ramsden, Christopher E., et al. "Re-evaluation of the traditional diet-heart hypothesis: analysis of recovered data from Minnesota Coronary Experiment (1968-73)." bmj 353 (2016): i1246. [01:39:44] Why Most Published Research Findings Are False: Ioannidis, John PA. "Why most published research findings are false." PLoS medicine 2.8 (2005): e124. [01:39:55] Richard Horton, editor of the Lancet: half of what is published is not true: Horton, Richard. "Offline: What is medicine’s 5 sigma." Lancet 385.9976 (2015): 1380. [01:41:11] The problem with reproducibility; a database of clinical trials that cannot be challenged or reproduced. [01:42:37] Editors of prominent journals losing faith in published research: Marci Angell, Richard Smith [01:44:55] Parachute study: Yeh, Robert W., et al. "Parachute use to prevent death and major trauma when jumping from aircraft: randomized controlled trial." bmj 363 (2018): k5094. [01:46:01] Benefits that are major are obvious; no randomized clinical trial necessary. [01:48:33] Preventing vs. screening. [01:51:42] Podcast: Movement Analysis and Breathing Strategies for Pain Relief and Improved Performance with physical therapist Zac Cupples. [01:51:59] Analysis of women who died in various ways, examining breast tissue; found that a high % of women had what you could diagnose as breast cancer. Study: Bhathal, P. S., et al. "Frequency of benign and malignant breast lesions in 207 consecutive autopsies in Australian women." British journal of cancer 51.2 (1985): 271. [01:53:34] Screening programs not associated with reduced CVD or death; Study: Krogsbøll, Lasse T., et al. "General health checks in adults for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis." Bmj 345 (2012): e7191. [01:54:26] Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) scan. Podcast: Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC): A Direct Measure of Cardiovascular Disease Risk, with Ivor Cummins. [01:54:46] Cardiologist Bernard Lown. [01:58:38] People who had measles/mumps less likely to get CVD; Study: Kubota, Yasuhiko, et al. "Association of measles and mumps with cardiovascular disease: The Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) study." Atherosclerosis 241.2 (2015): 682-686. [02:00:55] Life expectancy in US and UK is now falling. [02:06:46] Physical health doesn't exist without social health and psychological health. [02:07:40] Negative Twitter messages correlate with rates of heart disease; Study: Eichstaedt, Johannes C., et al. "Psychological language on Twitter predicts county-level heart disease mortality." Psychological science 26.2 (2015): 159-169. [02:09:58] People who take statins believe they’re protected so they stop exercising. Study: Lee, David SH, et al. "Statins and physical activity in older men: the osteoporotic fractures in men study." JAMA internal medicine 174.8 (2014): 1263-1270. [02:11:45] Simple changes: make friends, have good relationships, speak to your kids, exercise, eat natural food, sunshine. [02:16:53] Blood sugar measurements following funny lecture vs. boring lecture; Study: Hayashi, Keiko, et al. "Laughter lowered the increase in postprandial blood glucose." Diabetes care 26.5 (2003): 1651-1652. [02:18:08] Dr. Malcolm Kendrick’s blog.
Engineer, podcaster, author and speaker Ivor Cummins is back on the podcast today to talk about a topic that could save your life or the life of someone you love. Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC), a direct measure of arterial calcification obtained with a CT scan, is gaining respect as the best predictor of cardiovascular events. Indirect risk factors - like LDL cholesterol, though beloved by the medical establishment, pale in comparison. Today Ivor talks about what really causes cardiovascular disease and how best to assess your risk. He discusses the science that supports the use of CAC to identify those most at risk - and by doing so, they can take steps to slow, stop or even reverse disease progression. Further validating Ivor’s work, the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association are now formally recommending the CAC for middle-risk patients. As if that wasn’t enough, getting a CAC scan is affordable and probably available near you. Here’s the outline of this interview with Ivor Cummins: [00:00:03] Real Food Rocks Festival. [00:01:33] Prevalence and severity of cardiovascular disease (CVD). [00:02:19] Decline in CVD between 70s and 90s: Roger, Véronique L., et al. "Time trends in the prevalence of atherosclerosis: a population-based autopsy study." The American journal of medicine110.4 (2001): 267-273. Rates of CVD from 1990-2013: O’Rourke, Kevin, et al. "Cardiovascular disease worldwide, 1990-2013." Jama 314.18 (2015): 1905-1905. [00:02:39] Causes of CVD. [00:05:27] Glycocalyx; Study: Noble, M. I. M., A. J. Drake-Holland, and H. Vink. "Hypothesis: arterial glycocalyx dysfunction is the first step in the atherothrombotic process." QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 101.7 (2008): 513-518. [00:07:07] Glucose spikes causing damage to glycocalyx; Study: Nieuwdorp, Max, et al. "Loss of endothelial glycocalyx during acute hyperglycemia coincides with endothelial dysfunction and coagulation activation in vivo." Diabetes 55.2 (2006): 480-486. [00:07:49] Glycolyx thinning at arterial branch points become regions of atherogenic risk; Study: Gouverneur, Mirella, et al. "Vasculoprotective properties of the endothelial glycocalyx: effects of fluid shear stress." Journal of internal medicine259.4 (2006): 393-400. [00:08:11] Potential autoimmune component to CVD. [00:08:18] Gabor Erdosi, admin on the Lower Insulin Facebook group. [00:09:59] Know your risk. Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) scan. [00:10:52] Widowmaker movie. [00:11:24] David Bobbett; Irish Heart Disease Awareness (IHDA). [00:12:07] Rivers Hospital in UK. [00:15:15] An 80-year old with a low score is 20x less likely to have a cardiac event in the next 10 yrs than a 50 yr old with a high score. Study: Tota-Maharaj, Rajesh, et al. "Association of coronary artery calcium and coronary heart disease events in young and elderly participants in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis: a secondary analysis of a prospective, population-based cohort." Mayo Clinic Proceedings. Vol. 89. No. 10. Elsevier, 2014. [00:15:52] 2018 ACC/AHA Multisociety Guideline on the Management of Blood Cholesterol. [00:17:34] Interpreting and understanding CAC results. [00:20:03] Value of understanding your cholesterol levels. [00:22:17] COURAGE trial: Boden, William E., et al. "Optimal medical therapy with or without PCI for stable coronary disease." New England journal of medicine 356.15 (2007): 1503-1516. ORBITA trial: Al-Lamee, Rasha, et al. "Percutaneous coronary intervention in stable angina (ORBITA): a double-blind, randomised controlled trial." The Lancet391.10115 (2018): 31-40. [00:25:47] Why isn't the medical establishment using the CAC scan to assess for CVD? [00:26:05] CAC threatens to interfere with cath lab income, gets shut down. [00:28:39] Getting your score back to zero. [00:28:44] Feature documentary: Heart of the Matter. [00:29:48] Heinz Nixdorf Recall study: Mahabadi, Amir A., et al. "The Heinz Nixdorf Recall study and its potential impact on the adoption of atherosclerosis imaging in European primary prevention guidelines." Current atherosclerosis reports 13.5 (2011): 367. [00:31:54] Physiological perspective on how CAC can possibly reverse. [00:33:45] Hyperbolic discounting; Podcast: Nudge Tactics for Performance and Health with Simon Marshall, PhD. [00:34:20] Donal O'Neill; Cereal Killers movie. [00:35:21] Half-hour Extra Time documentary (at the top of the page). [00:35:35] Cardiologist Dr. Scott Murray, president of the British Association for Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (BACPR). [00:38:53] How to spread the word about getting scanned. [00:39:49] The Fat Emperor podcast; Episode 32: Myopia and Eye Problems: How to Resolve via Resolution of Root Causes. [00:40:11] Robert Lustig, MD. [00:41:16] LDL Cholesterol not a good predictor of actual calcification (CAC); Study: Ware, William R. "The mainstream hypothesis that LDL cholesterol drives atherosclerosis may have been falsified by non-invasive imaging of coronary artery plaque burden and progression." Medical hypotheses 73.4 (2009): 596-600. [00:42:44] Assessing your health between CAC scans: blood tests, CIMT (carotid-intima-media thickness). [00:45:53] Find a scan centre near you. Note: Also try Googling your city/state and “heart scan”. [00:46:37] If you enjoy this podcast, listen to his first podcast with us in March 2018: How Not to Die of Cardiovascular Disease. You can also check out Ivor’s book, Eat Rich, Live Long and his YouTube channel.
At the recent Real Food Rocks festival (#RFR19), Christopher Kelly from Nourish Balance Thrive asked me to chat about identifying, stopping and perhaps even reversing heart disease. No Problemo! Christopher will be releasing on their podcast in a couple of weeks, but he kindly offered for me to release it too. VIDEO PODCAST: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VpJpuBN7ZDk INDEX/CONTENTS: 00:01:00 Is "Eat Real Food" the unifying phrase or approach for all? 00:02:20 A summary of Cardiovascular Disease - a modern disaster - Insulin and Glucose are central 00:05:35 Smoking down, toxic food supply up 00:06:33 The Glycocalyx revisited - and focal atherosclerosis 00:09:10 Cardiovascular Disease as an Autoimmune problem? 00:11:10 Know Your Score - a low versus a high score in CAC 00:13:00 CAC in the UK - demand is rising! 00:16:00 Crazy statistics on CAC and Risk - New 2018 Guidelines 00:19:00 What a zero CAC means - and the old "Soft Plaque" chestnut 00:20:50 Low Cholesterol with huge disease, super-high cholesterol with nearly no disease 00:22:10 Dealing with a high score - psychologically and otherwise 00:26:15 CAC - breast cancer and heart disease identification 00:30:00 New Documentary: Reversing CAC and heart disease 00:32:35 A new paradigm for the next decade - widespread CVD reversal? 00:37:00 Exciting new TV & Movie Format - spread worldwide? 00:42:00 Machine learning to predict degree of CVD in people?
The Tremendous Trio solve the case of the Woman With Foul Steatorrhea, and reveal breakdown of the glycocalyx associated with severe and fatal malaria. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Daniel Griffin Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiP. Links for this episode: Glycocalyx and severe malaria (Clin Inf Dis) Hero: Bridget Ogilvie Letters read on TWiP 167 Case Study for TWiP 167 Woman 30 yo, traveled to DR, went to tourist part. On return for yearly physical, asked about her chronic constipation. She said does not have it any more, has normal bowel habits. A few weeks after her return this occurred. Primary care doc was intrigued, sent off some tests. Found Entamoeba hartmanni. What might the doc have done? What were the consequences of infection? Send your case diagnosis, questions and comments to twip@microbe.tv Music by Ronald Jenkees
The TWiV team discuss the use of quantum dots to study uncoating of influenza virus in real time, and induction of endothelial dysfunction by flavivirus NS1 proteins in a tissue-specific manner. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode European Congress of Virology 2019 ASM Clinical Virology Symposium Intel ISEF judges needed Quantum dots to visualize influenza entry (PNAS) Quantum dots (Wikipedia) Flavivirus NS1 triggers endothelial dysfunction (Cell Rep) Image credit Letters read on TWiV 535 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Science Picks Brianne - Hotel Influenza Alan- Your town’s climate in 60 years Dickson- BMC Research in Progress Photo Competition Rich- NASA's Opportunity Rover Mission on Mars Ends (landing animation) Vincent - Watch a single cell become a complex organism in six minutes Listener Pick Anne- Pathogenesis II Kickstarter Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv
The TWiV team discuss the use of quantum dots to study uncoating of influenza virus in real time, and induction of endothelial dysfunction by flavivirus NS1 proteins in a tissue-specific manner. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode European Congress of Virology 2019 ASM Clinical Virology Symposium Intel ISEF judges needed Quantum dots to visualize influenza entry (PNAS) Quantum dots (Wikipedia) Flavivirus NS1 triggers endothelial dysfunction (Cell Rep) Image credit Letters read on TWiV 535 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Science Picks Brianne - Hotel Influenza Alan- Your town’s climate in 60 years Dickson- BMC Research in Progress Photo Competition Rich- NASA's Opportunity Rover Mission on Mars Ends (landing animation) Vincent - Watch a single cell become a complex organism in six minutes Listener Pick Anne- Pathogenesis II Kickstarter Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv
Joff Lacey talks to Dr Randall Dull (University of Illinois) to pick apart the physiological principles of intraoperative fluid resuscitation and the need to rethink our approach.
This episode is focused on sepsis. I also talk about the relevance of the glycocalyx. And emphasise how much extrapolation there is from human medicine to veterinary practice. Topics covered include: Long-standing sepsis definitions and recently suggested updates History of sepsis management in human medicine; including early-goal directed therapy and Surviving Sepsis Campaign Recent large scale human trials: ProCESS (USA), ARISE (Australasia), ProMISe (UK) Key steps for managing the septic veterinary patient The glycocalyx: what it is, what it does, why it is relevant, implications for practice Click Here For Your FREE Copy of a Transcript of This Episode Click Here for Show Notes To find out more about my Small Animal Emergency Medicine App (iOS, Android) click here.
By Steve Morgan & Sophie Connolly Welcome back to the Basic Science Clinic podcast on ICN. Post-hiatus we are ready to reinvigorate the examination of oxygen cascade physiology, from the prevailing atmosphere down to the only organelle that boasts its own bespoke genome, the mitochondrion. In the last podcast we decomposed the minutiae of passive respiratory gas diffusion across the alveolar capillary membrane. Prior to expounding the pre-eminence of V/Q ratios in determining gas exchange sufficiency, we need to publically vivisect the pulmonary circulation to bring you the belated Raw Science 11, pulmonary perfusion. This detailed inspection of pulmonary perfusion is the longest podcast yet, no doubt we got slightly carried away and thus we have broken it up into three more comfortably digested sections. Section 1 (start to 18:24) will include the historical bit and both adult and fetal anatomy. Section 2 (18:30 to 40:26) examines pulmonary haemodynamics and the integrated control of pulmonary vascular tone. Section 3 (40:35 to end) details the protean functions of the pulmonary endothelium and endothelial glycocalyx, the determinants of transvascular fluid flux in the lung, all with reference to the pathophysiology of acute lung injury. The pulmonary circulation participates in gas exchange, blood filtration, metabolic regulation of endogenous vasoactive mediators, drug uptake, metabolism and excretion and the regulation of lung interstitial fluid homeostasis, a dexterous function devastated by the clinical syndrome of ARDS. Understanding the idiosyncracies of the pulmonary circuit is imperative for interpreting heart-lung interactions that influence V/Q distribution & gas exchange efficiency as well as overall cardiovascular performance, particularly during positive pressure ventilation in the context of concomitant shock states.
Jeremy Cohen examines changing paradigms in fluid resuscitation. Is recent focus on the glycocalyx justified?
Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) and volume loading (VL) are standard blood-sparing procedures. However, VL is associated with hypervolemia, which may cause tissue edema, cardiopulmonary complications and a prolonged hospital stay. The body reacts to hypervolemia with release of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) from the heart. ANP has been shown to deteriorate the endothelial glycocalyx, a vital part of the vascular permeability barrier. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare ANP release and damage to the glycocalyx during ANH and VL.
Recent studies showed that considerable amounts of glycosaminoglycans are released into maternal blood during normal pregnancy and in hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome. Maternal endothelia and the syncytiotrophoblast layer have been discussed as a possible origin of these glycocalyx components. Our study aimed to visualize the glycocalyx on the syncytiotrophoblast by electron microscopy, to analyze its structure and composition by immunohistochemistry, and to determine potential differences between healthy women and women with HELLP syndrome. For electron microscopy, a cotyledon was fixed by perfusion of the intervillous space with a 2% lanthanum-nitrate glutaraldehyde solution followed by immersion fixation in the same fixative. For immunohistochemistry, sections of 16 placentas (HELLP patients/healthy women, n = 8 each) were stained with monoclonal antibodies against the main glycocalyx constituents syndecan 1, hyaluronic acid, and heparan sulfate. Semiquantitative evaluation of staining intensity focused on the apical surface of the syncytiotrophoblast and fetal intravillous endothelia as possible localizations of a placental glycocalyx. Electron microscopy revealed a glycocalyx of approximately 250nm, covering the syncytiotrophoblast layer. This was found to contain large amounts of syndecan 1, but neither hyaluronic acid nor heparan sulfate as major components. Intravillous fetal endothelium did not express any of the investigated glycosaminoglycans. Healthy women and patients with HELLP showed no differences concerning glycocalyx composition and thickness of the syncytiotrophoblast. The composition of the placental glycocalyx differs from the adult and fetal vascular glycocalyx. Obviously, the human placental syncytiotrophoblast maintains a special kind of glycocalyx at the fetomaternal interface.
Severe inflammation has been shown to induce a shedding of the endothelial glycocalyx (EGX). Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), impede the thickness of the EGX. While a controlled inflammatory reaction occurs already in normal pregnancy, women with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome had an exaggerated inflammatory response. This study investigates the shedding of the glycocalyx during normal pregnancy and in women with HELLP syndrome. Glycocalyx components (syndecan 1, heparan sulfate, and hyaluronic acid) were measured in serum of healthy women throughout pregnancy (4 time points, n = 26), in women with HELLP syndrome (n = 17) before delivery and in nonpregnant volunteers (n = 10). Serum concentrations of TNF-alpha and soluble TNF-alpha receptors (sTNF-Rs) were assessed once in all 3 groups. Syndecan 1 serum concentrations constantly rose throughout normal pregnancy. Immediately before delivery, a 159-fold increase was measured compared to nonpregnant controls (P < .01). Even higher amounts were observed in patients with HELLP prior to delivery (median 12 252 ng/mL) compared to healthy women matched by gestational age (median 5943 ng/mL; P < .01). Relevantly, increased serum levels of heparan sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and sTNF-Rs were only detected in patients with HELLP (P < .01). These findings suggest that considerable amounts of syndecan 1 are released into maternal blood during uncomplicated pregnancy. The HELLP syndrome is associated with an even more pronounced shedding of glycocalyx components. The maternal vasculature as well as the placenta has to be discussed as a possible origin of circulating glycocalyx components.
Introduction Postischemic injury to the coronary vascular endothelium, in particular to the endothelial glycocalyx, may provoke fluid extravasation. Shedding of the glycocalyx is triggered by redox stress encountered during reperfusion and should be alleviated by the radical scavenger nitric oxide (NO). The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of exogenous administration of NO during reperfusion on both coronary endothelial glycocalyx and vascular integrity. Methods Isolated guinea pig hearts were subjected to 15 minutes of warm global ischemia followed by 20 minutes of reperfusion in the absence (Control group) and presence (NO group) of 4 mu M NO. In further experiments, the endothelial glycocalyx was enzymatically degraded by means of heparinase followed by reperfusion without (HEP group) and with NO (HEP+NO group). Results Ischemia and reperfusion severely damaged the endothelial glycocalyx. Shedding of heparan sulfate and damage assessed by electron microscopy were less in the presence of NO. Compared with baseline, coronary fluid extravasation increased after ischemia in the Control, HEP, and HEP+NO groups but remained almost unchanged in the NO group. Tissue edema was significantly attenuated in this group. Coronary vascular resistance rose by 25% to 30% during reperfusion, but not when NO was applied, irrespective of the state of the glycocalyx. Acute postischemic myocardial release of lactate was comparable in the four groups, whereas release of adenine nucleotide catabolites was reduced 42% by NO. The coronary venous level of uric acid, a potent antioxidant and scavenger of peroxynitrite, paradoxically decreased during postischemic infusion of NO. Conclusion The cardioprotective effect of NO in postischemic reperfusion includes prevention of coronary vascular leak and interstitial edema and a tendency to forestall both no-reflow and degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx.
Background: Shear stress induces coronary dilatation via production of nitric oxide ( NO). This should involve the endothelial glycocalyx ( EG). A greater effect was expected of albumin versus hydroxyethyl starch ( HES) perfusion, because albumin seals coronary leaks more effectively than HES in an EG-dependent way. Methods: Isolated hearts ( guinea pigs) were perfused at constant pressure with Krebs-Henseleit buffer augmented with 1/3 volume 5% human albumin or 6% HES ( 200/0.5 or 450/0.7). Coronary flow was also determined after EG digestion ( heparinase) and with nitro-L-arginine ( NO-L-Ag). Results: Coronary flow ( 9.50 +/- 1.09, 5.10 +/- 0.49, 4.87 +/- 1.19 and 4.15 +/- 0.09 ml/ min/ g for `albumin', `HES 200', `HES 450' and `control', respectively, n = 5-6) did not correlate with perfusate viscosity ( 0.83, 1.02, 1.24 and 0.77 cP, respectively). NO-L-Ag and heparinase diminished dilatation by albumin, but not additively. Alone NO-L-Ag suppressed coronary flow during infusion of HES 450. Electron microscopy revealed a coronary EG of 300 nm, reduced to 20 nm after heparinase. Cultured endothelial cells possessed an EG of 20 nm to begin with. Conclusions: Albumin induces greater endothelial shear stress than HES, despite lower viscosity, provided the EG contains negative groups. HES 450 causes some NO-mediated dilatation via even a rudimentary EG. Cultured endothelial cells express only a rudimentary glycocalyx, limiting their usefulness as a model system. Copyright (c) 2007 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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