Podcasts about Cherenkov

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 32The Astronomy, Space and Science News PodcastMartian Minerals Indicating Ancient Life, World's Most Powerful Gamma Ray Observatory, and Ariane 6 Rocket Operations BeginIn this episode of SpaceTime, we explore groundbreaking findings from NASA's Perseverance rover, which has discovered unusual rocks on Mars' Jezero crater rim, hinting at the possibility of ancient life. The rocks, rich in kaolinite, typically form in warm, wet environments, suggesting that Mars may have once hosted conditions suitable for life. We delve into the implications of these findings and what they reveal about the planet's watery past.Advancements in Gamma Ray AstronomyWe also discuss the European Commission's green light for the construction of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, projected to become the world's most powerful gamma ray observatory. This ambitious project aims to vastly expand our understanding of high-energy astronomical phenomena, potentially revealing the origins of gamma rays and their impact on galaxy formation and evolution.Europe's New Rocket EraAdditionally, we celebrate the successful launch of Europe's new Ariane 6 rocket, marking a significant milestone in the continent's space capabilities. This mission, which deployed the French CSO 3 reconnaissance satellite, signifies a return to independent access to space for Europe, following a series of delays and challenges.00:00 Space Time Series 28 Episode 32 for broadcast on 14 March 202500:49 Discovery of kaolinite rocks on Mars06:30 Implications for ancient Martian life12:15 Overview of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory18:00 Advancements in gamma ray astronomy22:45 Successful launch of the Ariane 6 rocket27:00 Summary of significant scientific developments30:15 Discussion on recent studies in environmental sciencewww.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com

Asistimos á X edición do Astrogalicia, a festa galega da astronomía, que tivo lugar en Arzúa. (1:42) A betanceira Alba Fernández Barral é a xefa de comunicación do experimento que vai medir os raios cósmicos máis enerxéticos do universo, o CTAO. Rubén López Coto é investigador do Instituto Astrofísico de Andalucía e emprega intelixencia artificial para clasificar os sinais dos telescopios Cherenkov. O enxeñeiro Alejandro Cardesín é membro da Sociedade Europlanetaria e procura agrupar, xunto coa astrofísica Ana Ulla, a todos os galegos que traballan en ciencias espaciais. (29:12) Vén de nacer a Asociación Galega de Astrofotografía Polaris. Conversamos con Alejandro Rodríguez, Manuel Brioso e Leticia Pereira. (44.16) Dosi Veiga é o organizador dos Astrogalicia, pero o culpa de que rematese en Arzúa é de Miguel Sánchez. Acompáñanos tamén Martin Pawley.

Esiste un’industria della ricerca scientifica. Aziende che vivono, in tutto o in parte, di commesse che arrivano dal mondo delle grandi infrastrutture di ricerca: acceleratori di particelle, reattori a fusione, laser a raggi X, sonde spaziali e telescopi. Un settore che, spazio escluso, cuba circa 10 miliardi all’anno di commesse a livello europeo. Oggi diamo il via a un viaggio alla scoperta di questo mondo, a cui dedichiamo, per cominciare, questa settimana di programmazione. Iniziamo dal settore dei grandi telescopi, il più classico degli strumenti scientifici. Attualmente sono in costruzione il più grande telescopio ottico e il più grande telescopio a luce Cherenkov del mondo, nonché il più grande radiotelescopio. Si tratta di macchine straordinarie, che richiedono industrie specializzate nella meccanica di precisione, nell’ottica, nel settore delle antenne, dei sensori e dei rivelatori. Ne parliamo con Corrado Perna, Responsabile Politiche e Relazioni Istituzionali e Industriali dell’INAF, l’Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica.

Η 9η σεζόν έχει θέμα τις καλύτερες τεχνολογίες & ανακαλύψεις ανά δεκαετία, με μπούσουλα τα βραβεία Νόμπελ! Σε αυτό το επεισόδιο, κοιτάμε τη δεκαετία 1950-1959 Tier list με όλα τα Νόμπελ μέχρι και το 1959 Pre-show: Παταγονία Ι 1950: Φωτογραφική μέθοδος απεικόνισης σωματιδίων 1951: Μεταστοιχείωση υλικών 1952: Μαγνητικοί συντονισμοί για τους πολλούς 1953: Μικροσκόπιο φάσης 1954: Κβαντομηχανική 1955: Απαρχές QED, μετάπτωση Lamb 1956: Τρανζίστορ 1957: (Μη) Συμμετρίες στη φύση 1958: Ακτινοβολία Cherenkov 1959: Ανακάλυψη αντιπρωτονίου Post-show: Παταγονία ΙΙ Επικοινωνία email: hello@notatop10.fm Instagram: @notatop10 Threads: @notatop10 Web: notatop10.fm     (00:00:00) Pre-show: Παταγονία Ι (00:09:00) Intro (00:09:05) 1950s γενικά (00:13:13) 1950: Φωτογραφική μέθοδος απεικόνισης σωματιδίων (00:18:38) 1951: Μεταστοιχείωση υλικών (00:25:14) 1952: Μαγνητικοί συντονισμοί για τους πολλούς (00:32:55) 1953: Μικροσκόπιο φάσης (00:37:01) 1954: Κβαντομηχανική (00:47:55) 1955: Απαρχές QED, μετάπτωση Lamb (00:56:02) 1956: Τρανζίστορ (01:04:04) 1957: (Μη) Συμμετρίες στη φύση (01:19:15) 1958: Ακτινοβολία Cherenkov (01:24:41) 1959: Ανακάλυψη αντιπρωτονίου (01:29:32) Post-show: Παταγονία ΙΙ (01:55:03) Post-post-show: Feynman on Symmetries

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 131*Ultra High Energy Gamma Rays Detected in the Milky Way's CoreScientists have detected ultra high energy gamma rays emanating from the centre of the Milky Way. This discovery, reported in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, offers a new perspective on the violent phenomena occurring in the galactic core. Using the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory in Mexico, researchers measured these gamma rays at over 100 tera electron volts, providing insights into the cosmic processes involving Sagittarius A, the galaxy's central supermassive black hole.*Discovery of a Potential Triple Black Hole SystemAstronomers have identified what may be the first triple black hole system, located 8,000 light years away. This discovery could be the first direct evidence of gentle black hole formation, challenging the typical violent supernova origin theory. The system includes a central black hole, a closely orbiting star, and a far-off companion star, suggesting a more subtle formation process known as direct collapse.*NASA's New Deployable Solar Array System Faces ChallengesNASA has encountered issues with its new deployable solar array and antenna system on the Pathfinder Technology Demonstrator 4 spacecraft. The lightweight integrated solar array and antenna system, designed to enhance power and communication capabilities, is not deploying correctly due to a bent boom. This technology aims to support future deep Space missions with improved efficiency.The Science RobertA recent study reveals that standing, as opposed to sitting, does not improve cardiovascular health, despite the popularity of standing desks. Fossilised remains of a new giant elephant species have been found in India's Kashmir Valley, shedding light on elephant evolution. AI-assisted colonoscopies show a slight improvement in polyp detection. Meanwhile, Apple releases its first AI update, focusing on privacy and user data protection.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.com

“Kernenergie is veilig!”, “Nee, het brengt enorme risico's met zich mee! En wat te denken van dat afval?!”, “Dat kun je hartstikke veilig opslaan!”, “Maar kernenergie is veel te duur!”, “Nee hoor, en wat als er geen zon en wind is voor doe windmolen en zonnepanelen van jou?!” Kernenergie is terug van weggeweest. Niet alleen op de politieke agenda - het nieuwe kabinet wil niet minder dan 4 nieuwe centrales gaan bouwen - maar ook in het publieke debat. En dat debat is soms even explosief als de bom waarmee het nucleaire tijdperk begon. Voor- en tegenstanders buitelen over elkaar heen met feiten en verwijten over veiligheid, betaalbaarheid, etc. Althans, ieder kamp zégt feiten te gebruiken en verwijten de ander dat juist niet te doen. Kortom, het is hard tegen hard. Maar wie heeft er nu gelijk? Of kun je die vraag helemaal niet - of niet geheel - beantwoorden? Waar eindigen de feiten en beginnen de meningen? Wanneer verandert ‘weten' in ‘vinden' en ‘geloven'? In Splijtstof duiken wetenschapsjournalist Diederik Jekel en presentator & afgestudeerd cultuurwetenschapper Daan Nieber in het kernenergiedebat om deze vragen te beantwoorden. Zonder een kant te kiezen, dat mag de luisteraar zelf doen. Als bèta (Diederik) en alfa (Daan) kunnen zij zowel uitleggen hoe kernenergie werkt als laten zien hoe het verleden ons denken over deze technologie en onze cultuur hebben beïnvloed. Van kernsplitsing voor dummies en Small Modular Reactors tot de invloed van de Simpsons op de publieke opinie en een nucleaire religie om toekomstige generaties te wijzen op het gevaar van kernafval. Het komt allemaal voorbij.    In elk van de 8 afleveringen staat een onderdeel van het kernenergiedebat centraal. En Diederik en Daan blijven daarvoor niet alleen in de studio. Verschillende afleveringen beginnen op locatie. Zo laat Diederik Daan in aflevering 2 in een werkende onderzoeksreactor kennis maken met de zogenoemde Cherenkov straling, een mysterieuze blauwe gloed die ontstaat bij een nucleaire kettingreactie onderwater. Voor de aflevering over nucleair afval dalen ze naar een Belgisch onderzoekslab 250 meter onder de grond. En de laatste aflevering trappen ze af in Wunderland Kalkar, een extreem dure kerncentrale net over de grens in Duitsland die uiteindelijk nooit in gebruik werd genomen en verbouwd werd tot pretpark. Want hoe voorkomen we straks niet eindigen met vier peperdure pretparken in Borssele, Terneuzen en op de Tweede Maasvlakte?  Door te ontrafelen waar voor- en tegenstanders over botsen, te onderzoeken waar de zekerheid eindigt en onzekerheid begint, kan de luisteraar van Splijtstof uiteindelijk zelf een keuze maken over het nut en de noodzaak van kernenergie. We gaan van kernenergie als ‘splijtstof' naar stof tot nadenken. En hij/zij/hen kan op feestjes en verjaardagen de blits maken met fijne feitjes, wonderbaarlijke weetjes en fascinerende verhalen.  Splijtstof is een podcast van BNR. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

En este episodio número 78 Diego platica sobre la misión China Change-6 y la recolección de rocas del lado obscuro, tachen eso… ¡del lado oculto de la Luna ! (2:38). En el tema Jorge nos cuenta sobre el Observatorio HAWC, ubicado muy cerca del Pico de Orizaba (México), con el cual por medio de tinacos de agua y radiación Cherenkov se observa el universo a altas energías (12:33). Al final Diego nos recomienda y critica “La historia sin fin” (24:15). Tras los fotones es un proyecto de comunicación de la ciencia que realizan Jorge Fuentes Fernández (@jorgefuenfer) y Diego López Cámara Ramírez (@drpiki1) en colaboración con @AntifazPolitica. ¡Síguenos en nuestras redes sociales para estar al tanto!

Are you enjoying life? We're certainly enjoying reading the obvious signs of an apolitical game, inventing more things to haunt Cherenkov, cleaning to impress men, dunking on Allen, hiding the fish detector, threatening members of the military, turning and coughing, weighing ourselves, making it weird in the basement, getting our asses kicked in an alley, activating the forehead glyph, rejecting nanosurgery, lying about secret forehead ankh powers, detesting this old body, and wondering why women can't work on me. It's because of those good for nothings that I live like this now. 00:00 Intro | 02:57 Elsa at Dock Colony | 07:16 Ygdrasslin' the Elsa | 14:31 Dock Colony Exploration | 19:27 Dock Clinic | 25:34 Talk To Me | 30:24 The Adventures of Andrew Cherenkov | 31:32 Lower Dock Colony | 35:40 Cherenkov Debrief | 41:43 More Adventures of Andrew Cherenkov | 44:06 Yggdrasslin the Elsa II | 46:05 Real Net | 49:49 Outro Get more Retrograde Amnesia: Support us on Patreon at patreon.com/retroam. Join the community and get early access, ad-free episodes, bonus episodes, miniseries, and access to the RealNet.  Twitter: @retroamnesiapod Cohost: cohost.org/retroam E-Mail: podcast@retrogradeamnesia.com Website: www.retrogradeamnesia.com  

Did you think we forgot? Justin, Tyler, Kat, Bee, and Anthony are all back to discuss the overshadowed characters of Xenogears, Xenosaga, and the Xenoblade Chronicles series! This episode was recorded on November 20th, 2023. It contains spoilers for the Xenogears, Xenosaga and Xenoblade Chronicles series. Below is a list of timestamps for when these characters are discussed: Cherenkov 1:15 Maria, Margie, Emerelda 6:06 Triton 9:20 Doctus 12:14 Canaan 14:46 Tyrea 22:44 Mikhail, Akhos & Patroka 27:25 Roc 38:43 Ryyz & Dagahn, Celica & Rock 43:33 Ga Jiarg and Ga Buidhe L 47:05 Consuls X & Y 49:52 Juniper 57:38 Just Monica 1:00:58 Rico 1:13:18 Chu-Chu 1:18:03 Opening: Emotions by Yasunori Mitsuda (Xenogears) Ending: You Will Know Our Names - Finale (Climax) by Kenji Hiramatsu (Xenoblade Chronicles 3) Contains audio clips from Xenosaga Episode III. Check out Kat's website: https://halite.style/ Justin and Anthony stream over at Retro Roulette on Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/retro__roulette You can also catch Bee over on Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/captn_yesterday Have any suggestions or corrections? You can contact us on Twitter at @XenoChatPodcast or email us at xenochatpodcast@gmail.com. You can also submit comments on our website, xenochat.wordpress.com. We're now on Instagram: ⁠https://www.instagram.com/xenochatpodcast/?igshid=eiem6o2gs22h⁠ XenoChat is a fan podcast. We are not affiliated with Monolith Soft, Bandai Namco, Square Enix, Nintendo or anyone else.

Can robots experience emotions? Can we? Listen to use try as we're advancing time by 40 centuries, obscuring facial details, losing our minds in technobabble, looking for scientific evidence of the human soul, dancing around to move the shit of the universe, entering virtual reality, reluctantly wishing our robot weapon was our real friend, entering U.M.N. Mode for some tips, seeing enemies on screen, generating blood smoke, kicking off our sci-fi game in an industrial wasteland, holding R2 to walk, witnessing a ghost child, gating out of space, and diving into Cherenkov's eccentricity. Pollyanna is a not a crewmember of the Woglinde. 00:00 Intro | 02:56 4000 Years Later | 21:21 Encephalon Training | 45:38 Encephalon Drone Upgrade | 50:02 The Hilbert Effect | 55:01 Lab Debrief | 1:00:02 Woglinde Bridge | 01:10:03 Real Net | 01:12:34 Outro Get more Retrograde Amnesia: Support us on Patreon at patreon.com/retroam. Join the community and get early access, ad-free episodes, bonus episodes, miniseries, and access to the RealNet.  Twitter: @retroamnesiapod Cohost: cohost.org/retroam E-Mail: podcast@retrogradeamnesia.com Website: www.retrogradeamnesia.com  

In this episode, you will be able to: Uncover the potential for water sources on Mars due to newly discovered glacial remains. Dive into the intricacies of ultra-massive black holes and their impact on gravitational lensing and event horizons. Grasp the complex issue of time travel and how Earth's motion affects pinpointing landing locations. Explore the limitations of telescopes and active sensors in detecting objects beyond our solar system. Ponder the potential of the singularity, faster-than-light travel, and Cherenkov radiation in expanding our universe exploration. The resources mentioned in this episode are: Visit the phys.org website to read more about the discovery of glacial remains on Mars and the potential implications for future exploration. Learn more about gravitational lensing and how it can be used to measure the mass of celestial objects, such as ultra-massive black holes. Explore the Abell 1201 cluster and its ultra-massive black hole, which is 33 billion times more massive than the sun. Compare the ultra-massive black hole at the center of the Abell 1201 cluster to other known black holes, including the supermassive black hole at the center of our own galaxy. Research the different methods used to measure the mass of black holes, such as observing the velocity of material swirling around in their accretion disks.

Lexman talks to David Ferrucci, the developer of the game Cherenkov, about the new Capitol bus.

It's a Xenomas Miracle! Xenosaga is a game about humanity, starring a cast that rangers from an android unable to distinguish empathy from protocol to an artificial human clinging to memories of her human parents to a cyborg trying to reject his own humanity. But regardless of the biology or technology behind anyone in Xenosaga's cast, the story told is deeply human, right until that one traumatizing torture scene. Please enjoy today's episode on the PS2 cult classic! Featuring: Michael Sollosi, Peter Triezenberg, Tyler Trosper, Zach Wilkerson; Edited by Zach WilkersonOpening and ending music by Miles MorkriGet in Touch:RPGFan.comRPGFan ShopEmail us: retro@rpgfan.comTwitter: @rpgfancomInstagram: @rpgfancomFacebook: rpgfancomTwitch: rpgfancomRelated Links:Xenosaga Episode 1: Der Wille zur Macht on RPGFan

The performance of the MAGIC telescopes using deep convolutional neural networks with CTLearn by T. Miener et al. on Wednesday 30 November The Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescope system is located on the Canary Island of La Palma and inspects the very high-energy (VHE, few tens of GeV and above) gamma-ray sky. MAGIC consists of two imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs), which capture images of the air showers originating from the absorption of gamma rays and cosmic rays by the atmosphere, through the detection of Cherenkov photons emitted in the shower. The sensitivity of IACTs to gamma-ray sources is mainly determined by the ability to reconstruct the properties (type, energy, and arrival direction) of the primary particle generating the air shower. The state-of-the-art IACT pipeline for shower reconstruction is based on the parameterization of the shower images by extracting geometric and stereoscopic features and machine learning algorithms like random forest or boosted decision trees. In this contribution, we explore deep convolutional neural networks applied directly to the pixelized images of the camera as a promising method for IACT full-event reconstruction and present the performance of the method on observational data using CTLearn, a package for IACT event reconstruction that exploits deep learning. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.16009v1

Status and prospects of the CORSIKA 8 air shower simulation framework by Alexander Sandrock. on Wednesday 30 November The Fortran-versions of the CORSIKA air shower simulation code have been at the core of simulations for many astroparticle physics experiments for the last 30 years. Having grown over decades into an ever more complex software, maintainability of CORSIKA has become increasingly difficult, though its performance is still excellent. In 2018, therefore a complete rewrite of CORSIKA has begun in modern modular C++. Today, CORSIKA 8 has reached important milestones with a full-fledged implementation of both the hadronic and electromagnetic cascades, the ability to simulate radio and Cherenkov-light emission from air showers and an unprecedented flexibility to configure simulation media and their geometries. This presentation will discuss the current status of CORSIKA 8, highlight the new possibilities already available, and future prospects of this new air shower simulation framework. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.16057v1

The performance of the MAGIC telescopes using deep convolutional neural networks with CTLearn by T. Miener et al. on Tuesday 29 November The Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescope system is located on the Canary Island of La Palma and inspects the very high-energy (VHE, few tens of GeV and above) gamma-ray sky. MAGIC consists of two imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs), which capture images of the air showers originating from the absorption of gamma rays and cosmic rays by the atmosphere, through the detection of Cherenkov photons emitted in the shower. The sensitivity of IACTs to gamma-ray sources is mainly determined by the ability to reconstruct the properties (type, energy, and arrival direction) of the primary particle generating the air shower. The state-of-the-art IACT pipeline for shower reconstruction is based on the parameterization of the shower images by extracting geometric and stereoscopic features and machine learning algorithms like random forest or boosted decision trees. In this contribution, we explore deep convolutional neural networks applied directly to the pixelized images of the camera as a promising method for IACT full-event reconstruction and present the performance of the method on observational data using CTLearn, a package for IACT event reconstruction that exploits deep learning. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.16009v1

Status and prospects of the CORSIKA 8 air shower simulation framework by Alexander Sandrock. on Tuesday 29 November The Fortran-versions of the CORSIKA air shower simulation code have been at the core of simulations for many astroparticle physics experiments for the last 30 years. Having grown over decades into an ever more complex software, maintainability of CORSIKA has become increasingly difficult, though its performance is still excellent. In 2018, therefore a complete rewrite of CORSIKA has begun in modern modular C++. Today, CORSIKA 8 has reached important milestones with a full-fledged implementation of both the hadronic and electromagnetic cascades, the ability to simulate radio and Cherenkov-light emission from air showers and an unprecedented flexibility to configure simulation media and their geometries. This presentation will discuss the current status of CORSIKA 8, highlight the new possibilities already available, and future prospects of this new air shower simulation framework. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.16057v1

Background rejection using image residuals from large telescopes in imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays by Laura Olivera-Nieto et al. on Friday 25 November Identification of Cherenkov light generated by muons has been suggested as a promising way to dramatically improve the background rejection power of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) arrays at high energies. However, muon identification remains a challenging task, for which efficient algorithms are still being developed. We present an approach in which, rather than identifying Cherenkov light from muons, we simply consider the presence of Cherenkov light other than the main shower image in IACTs with large mirror area. We show that in the case of the H.E.S.S. array of five telescopes this approach results in background rejection improvements at all energies above 1 TeV. In particular, the rejection power can be improved by a factor $sim3-4$ at energies above 20 TeV while keeping $sim90%$ of the original gamma-ray efficiency. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.13167v1

Using conditional variational autoencoders to generate images from atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes by Stanislav Polyakov et al. on Thursday 24 November High-energy particles hitting the upper atmosphere of the Earth produce extensive air showers that can be detected from the ground level using imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The images recorded by Cherenkov telescopes can be analyzed to separate gamma-ray events from the background hadron events. Many of the methods of analysis require simulation of massive amounts of events and the corresponding images by the Monte Carlo method. However, Monte Carlo simulation is computationally expensive. The data simulated by the Monte Carlo method can be augmented by images generated using faster machine learning methods such as generative adversarial networks or conditional variational autoencoders. We use a conditional variational autoencoder to generate images of gamma events from a Cherenkov telescope of the TAIGA experiment. The variational autoencoder is trained on a set of Monte Carlo events with the image size, or the sum of the amplitudes of the pixels, used as the conditional parameter. We used the trained variational autoencoder to generate new images with the same distribution of the conditional parameter as the size distribution of the Monte Carlo-simulated images of gamma events. The generated images are similar to the Monte Carlo images: a classifier neural network trained on gamma and proton events assigns them the average gamma score 0.984, with less than 3% of the events being assigned the gamma score below 0.999. At the same time, the sizes of the generated images do not match the conditional parameter used in their generation, with the average error 0.33. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.12553v1

Background rejection using image residuals from large telescopes in imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays by Laura Olivera-Nieto et al. on Thursday 24 November Identification of Cherenkov light generated by muons has been suggested as a promising way to dramatically improve the background rejection power of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) arrays at high energies. However, muon identification remains a challenging task, for which efficient algorithms are still being developed. We present an approach in which, rather than identifying Cherenkov light from muons, we simply consider the presence of Cherenkov light other than the main shower image in IACTs with large mirror area. We show that in the case of the H.E.S.S. array of five telescopes this approach results in background rejection improvements at all energies above 1 TeV. In particular, the rejection power can be improved by a factor $sim3-4$ at energies above 20 TeV while keeping $sim90%$ of the original gamma-ray efficiency. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.13167v1

Using conditional variational autoencoders to generate images from atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes by Stanislav Polyakov et al. on Wednesday 23 November High-energy particles hitting the upper atmosphere of the Earth produce extensive air showers that can be detected from the ground level using imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The images recorded by Cherenkov telescopes can be analyzed to separate gamma-ray events from the background hadron events. Many of the methods of analysis require simulation of massive amounts of events and the corresponding images by the Monte Carlo method. However, Monte Carlo simulation is computationally expensive. The data simulated by the Monte Carlo method can be augmented by images generated using faster machine learning methods such as generative adversarial networks or conditional variational autoencoders. We use a conditional variational autoencoder to generate images of gamma events from a Cherenkov telescope of the TAIGA experiment. The variational autoencoder is trained on a set of Monte Carlo events with the image size, or the sum of the amplitudes of the pixels, used as the conditional parameter. We used the trained variational autoencoder to generate new images with the same distribution of the conditional parameter as the size distribution of the Monte Carlo-simulated images of gamma events. The generated images are similar to the Monte Carlo images: a classifier neural network trained on gamma and proton events assigns them the average gamma score 0.984, with less than 3% of the events being assigned the gamma score below 0.999. At the same time, the sizes of the generated images do not match the conditional parameter used in their generation, with the average error 0.33. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.12553v1

Application of convolutional neural networks for data analysis in TAIGA-HiSCORE experiment by Anna Vlaskina et al. on Wednesday 23 November The TAIGA experimental complex is a hybrid observatory for high-energy gamma-ray astronomy in the range from 10 TeV to several EeV. The complex consists of such installations as TAIGA- IACT, TAIGA-HiSCORE and a number of others. The TAIGA-HiSCORE facility is a set of wide-angle synchronized stations that detect Cherenkov radiation scattered over a large area. TAIGA-HiSCORE data provides an opportunity to reconstruct shower characteristics, such as shower energy, direction of arrival, and axis coordinates. The main idea of the work is to apply convolutional neural networks to analyze HiSCORE events, considering them as images. The distribution of registration times and amplitudes of events recorded by HiSCORE stations is used as input data. The paper presents the results of using convolutional neural networks to determine the characteristics of air showers. It is shown that even a simple model of convolutional neural network provides the accuracy of recovering EAS parameters comparable to the traditional method. Preliminary results of air shower parameters reconstruction obtained in a real experiment and their comparison with the results of traditional analysis are presented. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.12197v1

Application of convolutional neural networks for data analysis in TAIGA-HiSCORE experiment by Anna Vlaskina et al. on Tuesday 22 November The TAIGA experimental complex is a hybrid observatory for high-energy gamma-ray astronomy in the range from 10 TeV to several EeV. The complex consists of such installations as TAIGA- IACT, TAIGA-HiSCORE and a number of others. The TAIGA-HiSCORE facility is a set of wide-angle synchronized stations that detect Cherenkov radiation scattered over a large area. TAIGA-HiSCORE data provides an opportunity to reconstruct shower characteristics, such as shower energy, direction of arrival, and axis coordinates. The main idea of the work is to apply convolutional neural networks to analyze HiSCORE events, considering them as images. The distribution of registration times and amplitudes of events recorded by HiSCORE stations is used as input data. The paper presents the results of using convolutional neural networks to determine the characteristics of air showers. It is shown that even a simple model of convolutional neural network provides the accuracy of recovering EAS parameters comparable to the traditional method. Preliminary results of air shower parameters reconstruction obtained in a real experiment and their comparison with the results of traditional analysis are presented. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.12197v1

Development of a trigger for acoustic neutrino candidates in KM3NeT by Dídac D. Tortosa et al. on Monday 21 November The KM3NeT Collaboration is constructing two large neutrino detectors in the Mediterranean Sea: ARCA, located near Sicily and aiming at neutrino astronomy, and ORCA located near Toulon and designed for the study of intrinsic neutrino properties. The two detectors together will have hundreds of Detection Units with Digital Optical Modules kept vertically by buoyancy forming a large 3D optical array for detecting the Cherenkov light produced after the neutrino interactions. To properly reconstruct the direction of the incoming neutrino, the position of the DOMs, which are not static due to the sea currents, must be monitored. For this purpose, the detector is equipped with an Acoustic Positioning System, which is composed of fixed acoustic emitters on the sea bottom, a hydrophone in each DU base, and a piezoceramic sensor in each DOM, as acoustic receivers. This network of acoustic sensors can be used not only for positioning, but also for acoustic monitoring studies such as bioacoustics, ship noise monitoring, environmental noise control, and acoustic neutrinos detection. This work explores the possibility of creating a trigger for saving the data for ultra-high-energy neutrino candidates detected acoustically by the hydrophones. The acoustic signal caused by the neutrino interaction in a fluid is a short-time duration Bipolar Pulse extremely directive and with a Fourier transform extending over a wide range of frequencies. A study of signal detection, has been done by simulating BP produced by the interaction of a UHE neutrino at 1 km from the detector at zero-degree incidence added to the experimental real acoustic data. Finally, a trigger proposal has been developed in order to record candidates of BPs and it has been tested. The number of candidates per second, precision, and recall have been monitored according to the cuts applied and parameters calculated by the algorithm. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.10149v1

Uncertainties in measuring the dark matter signal from Milky Way satellites using Cherenkov telescopes by Maria Kherlakian et al. on Thursday 13 October In this work, we present a modelling of the galactic sub-clumps based on statistical estimations of the full Milky Way satellite population. We introduce 10 substructure modellings (SM$_{i}$, i $in$ {1, . . . , 10}) with the following varying parameters: a) subhalos inner profile, b) spatial distribution of subhalos, c) mass distribution of subhalos, d) total number of subhalos and e) concentration parameter. The sensitivity curves of CTA for sources in each model are calculated for the $tau^{+}tau^{-}$ and $bbar{b}$ annihilation channels. With both detection of a signal (5$sigma$) with the CTA and no signal observation, no model was effective in accessing the thermal values of . We analyse the systematic effects introduced by the substructures models. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2204.13469v2

In today's episode, we meet Jr. and his crew, follow the Elsa as it docks with a deep space colony, and learn about Cherenkov's dark and mysterious past. Time Codes: 1. Intro (0:00) 2. Shion Gives Ziggy and MOMO a Tour (1:44) 3. Introduction To Jr. and His Crew (3:39) 4. Margulis' Scheming (11:10) 5. Ambush For Jr., Space Battle, Boarding The Enemy Ship (29:41) 6. The Dock Colony (49:15) 7. Cherenkov's Struggles and Shion's Premonition (1:00:50) 8. Turbulence In Hyperspace (1:04:15) 9. Cherenkov's Past and The Cathedral Ship (1:08:03) 10. Cherenkov Transforms Into A Gnosis (1:31:32) 11. KOS-MOS' Secret Weapon (1:52:10)

Gamma-hadron Separation in Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes using Quantum Classifiers by Jashwanth S et al. on Monday 10 October In this paper we have introduced a novel method for gamma hadron separation in Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) using Quantum Machine Learning. IACTs captures images of Extensive Air Showers (EAS) produced from very high energy gamma rays. We have used the QML Algorithms, Quantum Support Vector Classifier (QSVC) and Variational Quantum Classifier (VQC) for binary classification of the events into signals (Gamma) and background(hadron) using the image parameters. MAGIC Gamma Telescope dataset is used for this study which was generated from Monte Carlo Software Coriska. These quantum algorithms achieve performance comparable to standard multivariate classification techniques and can be used to solve variety of real-world problems. The classification accuracy is improved by hyper parameter tuning. We propose a new architecture for using QSVC efficiently on large datasets and found that clustering enhance the overall performance. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2210.03771v1

Testing source confusion and identification capability in Cherenkov Telescope Array data by Enrique Mestre et al. on Monday 10 October The Cherenkov Telescope Array will provide the deepest survey of the Galactic Plane performed at very-high-energy gamma-rays. Consequently, this survey will unavoidably face the challenge of source confusion, i.e., the non-unique attribution of signal to a source due to multiple overlapping sources. Among the known populations of Galactic gamma-ray sources and given their extension and number, pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe, and PWN TeV halos) will be the most affected. We aim to probe source confusion of TeV PWNe in forthcoming CTA data. For this purpose, we performed and analyzed simulations of artificially confused PWNe with CTA. As a basis for our simulations, we applied our study to TeV data collected from the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey for ten extended and two point-like firmly identified PWNe, probing various configurations of source confusion involving different projected separations, relative orientations, flux levels, and extensions among sources. Source confusion, defined here to appear when the sum of the Gaussian width of two sources is larger than the separation between their centroids, occurred in $sim$30% of the simulations. For this sample and 0.5$deg$ of average separation between sources, we found that CTA can likely resolve up to 60% of those confused sources above 500 GeV. Finally, we also considered simulations of isolated extended sources to see how well they could be matched to a library of morphological templates. The outcome of the simulations indicates a remarkable capability (more than 95% of the cases studied) to match a simulation with the correct input template in its proper orientation. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2210.04344v1

Prospective Study on Observations of γ-Ray Sources in the Galaxy Using the HADAR Experiment by Xiangli Qian et al. on Sunday 25 September The High Altitude Detection of Astronomical Radiation (HADAR) experiment is a refracting terrestrial telescope array based on the atmospheric Cherenkov imaging technique. It focuses the Cherenkov light emitted by extensive air showers through a large aperture water-lens system for observing very-high-energy-rays and cosmic rays. With the advantages of a large field-of-view (FOV) and low energy threshold, the HADAR experiment operates in a large-scale sky scanning mode to observe galactic sources. This study presents the prospects of using the HADAR experiment for the sky survey of TeV {gamma}-ray sources from TeVCat and provids a one-year survey of statistical significance. Results from the simulation show that a total of 23 galactic point sources, including five supernova remnant sources and superbubbles, four pulsar wind nebula sources, and 14 unidentified sources, were detected in the HADAR FOV with a significance greater than 5 standard deviations ({sigma}). The statistical significance for the Crab Nebula during one year of operation reached 346.0 {sigma} and the one-year integral sensitivity of HADAR above 1TeV was ~1.3%-2.4% of the flux from the Crab Nebula. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2209.11458v1

A Double Layered Water Cherenkov Detector Array for Gamma-Ray Astronomy by Samridha Kunwar et al. on Tuesday 20 September Ground-level particle detection is now a well-established approach to TeV {gamma}-ray astronomy. Detection of Cherenkov light produced in water-filled detection units is a proven and cost-effective approach. Here we discuss the optimization of the units towards the future Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO). We investigate a configuration in which each Water Cherenkov Detector (WCD) unit in the array comprises two chambers with black or reflective walls and a single PMT in each chamber. A shallow lower chamber with a PMT facing downwards enables muon tagging and the identification of hadron-induced air showers, which are the primary source of background in {gamma}-ray astronomy. We investigate how {gamma}/hadron separation power and achievable angular resolution depend on the geometry and wall reflectivity of the detector units in this configuration. We find that excellent angular resolution, background rejection power and low-energy response are achievable in this double-layer configuration, with some reflective surfaces in both chambers. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2209.09305v1

Cosmic searches for Lorentz invariance violation by Carlos Pérez de los Heros et al. on Wednesday 14 September Cosmic messengers (gamma rays, cosmic rays, neutrinos and gravitational waves) provide a powerful complementary way to search for Lorentz invariance violating effects to laboratory-based experiments. The long baselines and high energies involved make Cherenkov telescopes, air-shower arrays, neutrino telescopes and gravitational wave detectors unique tools to probe the expected tiny effects that the breaking of Lorentz invariance would cause in the propagation of these messengers, in comparison with the standard scenario. In this chapter we explain the expected effects that the mentioned detectors can measure and summarize current results of searches for Lorentz violation. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2209.06531v1

The KM3NeT infrastructure: status and first results by A. Margiotta. on Tuesday 13 September KM3NeT is a research infrastructure in construction under the Mediterranean Sea. It hosts two large volume neutrino Cherenkov telescopes: ARCA at a depth of 3500 m, located offshore Sicily, and ORCA, 2500 m under the sea level, offshore the southern French coast. The two detectors share the same detection principle and technology and the same data acquisition design, the only difference being the geometrical arrangement of the optical sensors. This allows to span a wide range of neutrino energy and cover a large scientific program: the study of neutrino properties, first of all neutrino mass ordering, the identification and study of high energy neutrino astrophysical sources, indirect dark matter searches and core collapse supernovae detection. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2208.07370v2

The Transients Handler System for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory by Kathrin Egberts et al. on Tuesday 13 September The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) will be the largest and most advanced ground-based facility for gamma-ray astronomy. Several dozens of telescopes will be operated at both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere. With the advent of multi-messenger astronomy, many new large science infrastructures will start science operations and target-of-opportunity observations will play an important role in the operation of the CTAO. The Array Control and Data Acquisition (ACADA) system deployed on each CTAO site will feature a dedicated sub-system to manage external and internal scientific alerts: the Transients Handler. It will receive, validate, and process science alerts in order to determine if target-of-opportunity observations can be triggered or need to be updated. Various tasks defined by proposal-based configurations are processed by the Transients Handler. These tasks include, among others, the evaluation of observability of targets and their correlation with known sources or objects. This contribution will discuss the concepts and design of the Transients Handler and its integration in the ACADA system. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2209.05888v1

Search for photons above 10 ^ 19 eV with the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory by The Pierre Auger Collaboration et al. on Tuesday 13 September We use the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory to search for air showers initiated by photons with an energy above $10^{19}$ eV. Photons in the zenith angle range from 30$^circ$ to 60$^circ$ can be identified in the overwhelming background of showers initiated by charged cosmic rays through the broader time structure of the signals induced in the water-Cherenkov detectors of the array and the steeper lateral distribution of shower particles reaching ground. Applying the search method to data collected between January 2004 and June 2020, upper limits at 95% CL are set to an $E^{-2}$ diffuse flux of ultra-high energy photons above $10^{19}$ eV, $2{times}10^{19}$ eV and $4{times}10^{19}$ eV amounting to $2.11{times}10^{-3}$, $3.12{times}10^{-4}$ and $1.72{times}10^{-4}$ km$^{-2}$ sr$^{-1}$ yr$^{-1}$, respectively. While the sensitivity of the present search around $2 times 10^{19}$ eV approaches expectations of cosmogenic photon fluxes in the case of a pure-proton composition, it is one order of magnitude above those from more realistic mixed-composition models. The inferred limits have also implications for the search of super-heavy dark matter that are discussed and illustrated. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2209.05926v1

Investigating the accuracy achievable in reconstructing the angular sizes of stars through stellar intensity interferometry observations by Michele Fiori et al. on Tuesday 13 September Context: In recent years, stellar intensity interferometry has seen renewed interest from the astronomical community because it can be efficiently applied to Cherenkov telescope arrays. Aims: We have investigated the accuracy that can be achieved in reconstructing stellar sizes by fitting the visibility curve measured on the ground. The large number of expected available astronomical targets, the limited number of nights in a year, and the likely presence of multiple baselines will require careful planning of the observational strategy to maximise the scientific output. Methods: We studied the trend of the error on the estimated angular size, considering the uniform disk model, by varying several parameters related to the observations, such as the total number of measurements, the integration time, the signal-to-noise ratio, and different positions along the baseline. Results: We found that measuring the value of the zero-baseline correlation is essential to obtain the best possible results. Systems that can measure this value directly or for which it is known in advance will have better sensitivity. We also found that to minimise the integration time, it is sufficient to obtain a second measurement at a baseline half-way between 0 and that corresponding to the first zero of the visibility function. This function does not have to be measured at multiple positions. Finally, we obtained some analytical expressions that can be used under specific conditions to determine the accuracy that can be achieved in reconstructing the angular size of a star in advance. This is useful to optimise the observation schedule. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2208.12277v2

Gammateleskope suchen im Weltraum schon seit Jahrzehnten nach hochenergetischen Gammastrahlenquellen und erweitern damit unseren Blick auf das Universum. Auch Kosmische Teilchenstrahlung lässt sich so indirekt nachweisen. Da die Erde die Gammastrahlen durch ihre Atmosphäre weitgehend abschirmt, müssen sich bodengestützte Teleskope eines Tricks behelfen: sie beobachten einen Nebeneffekt beim Eintreffen der Strahlung, die sogenannten Tscherenkow-Blitze. Mit zeitlich hochauflösenden Kameras lassen sich diese erkennen. Das Cherenkov Telescope Array ist der Versuch, diese in den letzten Jahren auf La Palma prototypisch betriebenen Beobachtungstechnologien auf eine ganz neue Basis zu stellen. In der Atacama-Wüste soll in Zukunft ein riesiges Feld von drei unterschiedlichen Teleskopgrößen das All auf Gammastrahlenaktivität absuchen.

Cosmic-ray measurements with an array of Cherenkov telescopes using reconstruction of longitudinal profiles of air showers by Andrés G. Delgado Giler et al. on Sunday 11 September We present a method to reconstruct the longitudinal profile of electrons in showers using Cherenkov telescopes. We show how the Cherenkov light collected by an array of telescopes can be transformed into the number of electrons as a function of atmospheric depth. This method is validated using air shower and simplified telescope simulations. The reconstruction of the depth in which the shower has the maximum number of electrons ($mathrm{X_{max}}$) opens the possibility of cosmic ray composition studies with Cherenkov telescopes in the energy range from 10 to 100 TeV. A resolution of less than 16 $mathrm{g/cm^{2}}$ in the $mathrm{X_{max}}$ reconstruction is obtained. arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2209.04045v1

In this tenth and final episode of the first season of Inspiring Stewards, Nathan Jones speaks with Michael Cherenkov from the Ukraine. He talks about how special it is to grow up as a Christian during Soviet times and how that has shaped him into the “storyteller for Jesus” he is today. He shares about his heart for Christian mission, which led him to now serve as pastor to a multicultural church in Washington State, USA. Finally, he encourages the church at large to be resilient, strong, compassionate, and faithful – not just successful – agents of change during these challenging times. We'd love to hear your thoughts, comments, or feedback. To do so, email us at mail@gtp.org. The music is Concerto a' 4 Violini No 2 by Telemann played on classical guitar by Jon Sayles. Published by Exzel Music Publishing. Length: 24:38

The Field Guide to Particle Physics https://pasayten.org/the-field-guide-to-particle-physics©2021 The Pasayten Institute cc by-sa-4.0The definitive resource for all data in particle physics is the Particle Data Group: https://pdg.lbl.gov.The Pasayten Institute is on a mission to build and share physics knowledge, without barriers! Get in touch.The Particle Data Group's write up on cosmic rays. See Figure 29.8 for a representation of the "ankle" feature in the spectrum.https://pdg.lbl.gov/2019/reviews/rpp2019-rev-cosmic-rays.pdfAnother representation of the power laws can be found in Professor Peter Gorham's Coursework on Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays: http://www2.hawaii.edu/~gorham/UHECR.htmlNatalie Wolchover has written two great articles in Quanta on Cosmic Rays, both which talk about what might accelerate these particles.The Particle That Broke a Cosmic Speed Limit and Cosmic Map of Ultrahigh-Energy Particles Points to Long-Hidden TreasuresColussi & HoffmannIn situ photolysis of deep ice core contaminants by Çerenkov radiation of cosmic originGephysical Research Letters: https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL016112Guzmán, Colussi & HoffmannPhotolysis of pyruvic acid in ice: Possible relevance to CO and CO2 ice core record anomaliesAtmospheres: https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007886A quick primer on Cherenkov Radiation: https://www.radioactivity.eu.com/site/pages/Cherenkov_Effect.htmTheme music "Sneaking Up on You" by the New Fools, licensed by Epidemic Sound.Cosmic RaysPart 4 - Paleoclimatology and MuonsOur atmosphere is one giant filter for cosmic rays. The sparse molecules near the top of our atmosphere begin the process of catching the energy of those energetic particles from space and transferring it into heat or muons. These cosmogenic muons that typically make it all the way down to the surface.Near the surface, the atmosphere is a lot thicker, but it's still just a collection of ballistic molecules bashing into each other at 1000 miles per hour. Some of those molecules hit us, and some hit the ground. We perceive these molecular impacts as air pressure. By contrast, cosmogenic muons are moving through this mess at over 600 million miles per hour. To those muons, the surface of the Earth is barely noticeable. They fly through a lot of things: hundreds of meters of rock, oceans, plants and animals before colliding or decaying. By contrast, those particles of atmospheric gas typically reflect off the surface of the Earth. Rocks just aren't that permeable to most gas. As we explained in the ALPHA particle miniseries, helium gas generated from radioactive decay deep within the earth collects underground, trapped by rocks.One thing gas can permeate is surface water.Quite a bit of our atmospheric gases get dissolved into the ocean. Oxygen in the air allows the fish to breathe too, once dissolved into the water so it can be picked up by their gills. Increased carbon dioxide levels also imply more CO2 gets put under water. When the water on Earth's surface freezes, as it might do near the polar ice caps, it traps some of that dissolved gas with it. This has been happening for millions of years, and until somewhat recently at least, that ice has been compounding. New ice forms above, pushing old ice down. This has resulted in a LOT of ice.In Antarctica there are areas where the ice is over four kilometers deep! That's miles of ice! Greenland also carries massive glaciers, two to three kilometers deep, built up in same fashion.The gases trapped in that glacial ice is a frozen relic of an older atmosphere. The deeper the ice, the older the dissolved gases. As the mixture of molecules in our atmosphere changes over time, it sets down a record in the glacial ice. The deepest ice, millions of years old, can tell us what the atmosphere was like millions of years ago.Extracting that ice is quite the scientific adventure!This all easy to say in theory - but the practice of Science requires a lot of gory, technical detail. Different measurements from different samples of ice at different depths from different parts of the world need to be calibrated.  Ice can form at different rates in different places under different conditions.But, at least averaged over a given year or decade or so, the atmosphere should be well mixed. Huge weather patterns around the world mix the air, ensuring should be about the same. And so the Scientific logic goes like this:Assuming older ice is usually below the younger ice and the atmosphere is well mixed, then given any two ice sheets on earth, there should be a way compare them. The concentrations of different gases dissolved at different times should sequentially be the same. Like multi-colored stripes on a pole. The stripes may be different sizes, but they should be in the same order. If we can find the same sequences in gas concentrations across different ice sheets then we can start to put together a history of the Earth's atmosphere.Near the turn of the 21st century, geophysicists were working on exactly this problem. They were trying to calibrate the gas concentrations trapped in ancient ice samples by comparing ice from Antarctica with Greenland. And things just weren't adding up. The sequences didn't align. The gas concentrations were just too different. There was some kind of missing variable in the data.As it turned out, that variable involved cosmogenic muons.The Speed of Sound and LightTo understand how muons resolved this Paleoclimatology puzzle, we need to go back to the source. The source of cosmic rays.In episode two of this series we talked about Fermi Acceleration - the process by which electrically charged particles like protons get accelerated to outrageous velocities by SHOCKWAVES in astrophysical plasmas.And shockwaves occur in glacial ice too.To understand shockwaves, let's think about sound waves.Sound usually travels in the atmosphere like a wave. A wave of air pressure. Those atmospheric particles slam against each other in an organized and oscillating way, spreading out away from source.The speed of those waves depends on the amount and types of molecules present, as well as the overall temperature of the atmospheric gas. The sound waves we experience travel at around 343 meters per second, which is about 767 miles per hour.Here's the thing, humans routinely fly supersonic jets that travel faster than that.Supersonic jets - like fighter jets - travel faster than the speed of sound. They travel faster than noise they make. You can't hear them coming until they're already past you. And when you do finally hear them, it's a tremendous noise.It's a shockwave, actually, that you hear. The particles of air are being disturbed faster than speed of sound. In some sense, the sound waves that are produced all kind of pile up on each other, forming the shock front or wall of pressure that some folks call a sonic boom.It's a wall of energy collected by atmospheric particles moving far from equilibrium. This wall is similar to those plasma shockwaves that accelerated the cosmic rays deep in outer space.The important point is that the shockwave was generated by something moving faster than normal waves could. The jet was moving faster than speed of sound.As we'll now see, another kind of shockwave - one driven by cosmogenic muons - is responsible for disrupting the gases dissolved in that ancient ice.Quasi Particles of LightSo fighter jets move faster than the noise they make. That's a nice trick to try to sneak up on folks, but we have radar. Radar works by using radio waves - electromagnetic or light waves with really long wavelengths - and reflecting it off of objects. Unless the fighter jet is moving faster than the speed of light, we can still see it coming.But this whole idea presents a fun riddle. Question: When does the speed of light not equal the speed of light?Answer: When it is SLOWER than the speed of light.Wait. What?!Question: When is the speed of light SLOWER than the speed of light?Answer: When light moves through water. Or glass. Or. You guessed it. Ice.Wait. What?!Glass, like water, reflects and refracts light. You can typically tell when there's water in a glass, or when you're looking through a window. The light  coming through them behaves in a funny way. Things just look different. A straw inside your glass of water usually looks disconnected from the part of it that is outside.We usually say that water “bends” light. In physics class we say it refracts it. And this happens because light SLOWS DOWN A LOT when its inside water. Or glass. Or Ice. By a lot I mean like 30 percent.Microscopically, at the level of photons, of course that notion is silly. The speed of light is a constant. It's not LIGHT that's moving through the water, it's not a pure collection of photons per say. It's something else, something that connects with light, and it is light that comes out the other side.If that sounds a little wild, don't panic. It has a very simple physical analogy.Imagine being inside your home when a supersonic jet flies by. The shockwave of that sonic boom slams into your walls, shaking the windows and rattling your doors. Did the sound you hear come from molecules in the air? Sure. But the air inside your house. The molecules from the sonic boom slammed into your walls and windows, which in turn shook themselves. They vibrated in place. They vibrated in such a way that it shook the air molecules in your room, and the sound made it to your ears.Inside or outside, the sonic boom sounded basically the same. A bit muffled sure, but otherwise the same. Those sound waves from the air outside where transferred to the air inside through the physical materials of your house.Inside that glass of water, the electromagnetic energy is still moving. It's just tangled up now with all the electromagnetic fields of all the molecules moving around inside the fluid. The resulting excitations - the slower light waves if you like - aren't really made up of photons, they're collective excitations of an electromagnetic disturbance passing through. But once out the other side, they spit out photons again. The air of course also has an index of refraction so this is something of a simplification, but hopefully the point is clear. It's not pure photons that are traveling through the water, the glass or the ice. It's something else. And that something else - those quasiparticles - don't quite move as fast as light. They move a lot slower. 30 percent slower.Cherenkov RadiationCosmogenic muons travel at 99.4% of the speed of light. But light - or the quasiparticles that appear as light anyway - moves 30% slower in water or ice.So in water you cannot see those cosmogenic muons coming. Effectively, they're moving faster than the speed of light.  And that's trouble because they carry an electric charge.As you might recall from our earliest episodes, electrically charged particles transfer energy with each other by exchanging photons. Therefore, cosmogenic muons moving through an electromagnetically dense medium like glacial ice are creating distortions in that electromagnetic field faster than those distortions can propagate as waves.In short, cosmogenic muons create electromagnetic shockwaves in water, and glass and ice. Just like with the fighter jets whose sound waves all piled up into a sonic boom, the cosmogenic muons create electromagnetic disturbances in the ice that pile up to create a shockwave of light. Or you know, quasi-particle light inside the ice. Or water.Traditionally, those electromagnetic shockwaves are called CHERENKOV RADIATION.Cherenkov radiation is famous for the eerie blue glow it gives to the water inside of radioactive cooling ponds near nuclear reactors. It appears blue but the shockwaves are mostly in the ultraviolet or UV spectrum. UV photons - or their associated quasi particles - have a bit higher energy than visible light.And if there's one thing we know about ultraviolet light, it's powerful enough to burn our eyes and skin. That's because it's powerful enough to break down chemical bonds between organic molecules.Given that, can you guess what the different is between Greenland Ice and Antarctic Ice?The PaperOrganic Molecules. Frozen plant matter. Greenland's got it. Antarctica doesn't. Surrounded by water and much closer to life as we know it, Greenland ice has much more contaminants that the center of antactiac, which though covered in ice, is effectively a desert.In a 2003 paper published in Geophysics Research Letters, entitled “*In situ photolysis of deep ice core contaminants by Çerenkov radiation of cosmic origin*, the authors Augstin  Colussi and Michael Hoffmann argued that an unexplained excess of carbon monoixde gas trapped was consistent with the disintegration of the tiny bits of plant matter present in the Greenland ice by Cherenkov radiation induced by the flux cosmic rays.Remember, that's over a hundred cosmic rays per square meter per second!In 2007, those authors, together with Marcelo Guzman, now at university of Kentucky, published a follow on study describing concrete chemical mechanisms that could generate carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide from cosmic rays.While protected from the sun's natural ultraviolet rays by layers upon layers of ice, atmospheric gases from over a 1000 years go are still exposed to the penetrating flux of muons from cosmic rays. And the electromagnetic shockwave of those ridiculously fast muons - their Cherenkov radiation - constantly exposes organic matter to tiny bits of ultraviolet radiation. Just enough, as it turns out, to rip a few carbon atoms off of some big, frozen organic molecules to mix with the otherwise trapped, historical atmospheric gas.Like adventure, elementary particles are everywhere, my friends. Go seek them out.

In questo audio il prezioso incontro con Federico Baronello artista, Marina Lalli Bertolino presidente Federturismo, Stefano Zedde vice direttore Camera di Commercio e Industria Italiana in Polonia.L'intervista con Federico Baronello, Marina Lalli e Stefano Zedde, è nel progetto Contemporaneamente a cura di Mariantonietta Firmani, il podcast pensato per Artribune. In Contemporaneamente podcast trovate incontri tematici con autorevoli interpreti del contemporaneo tra arte e scienza, letteratura, storia, filosofia, architettura, cinema e molto altro. Per approfondire questioni auliche ma anche cogenti e futuribili. Dialoghi straniati per accedere a nuove letture e possibili consapevolezze dei meccanismi correnti: tra locale e globale, tra individuo e società, tra pensiero maschile e pensiero femminile, per costruire una visione ampia, profonda ed oggettiva della realtà. Con Federico Baronello, Marina Lalli e Stefano Zedde, parliamo di arte e tecnologie, globalizzazione e destinazione, territori e migrazioni, economie e natura. Parliamo dell'alienazione vissuta da arte e collettività, da cui però può nascere una nuova forma di comunità. Le tecnologie hanno molto agevolato le imprese di piccole dimensioni. Tuttavia le restrizioni imposte dall'emergenza rischiano di distruggere le capacità reattive dei singoli, favorendo solo gruppi multinazionali. La scena artistica scompare nel marketing e si ricostituisce nella ricerca scientifica, il cui metodo di verifica, sarebbe strategico nell'arte e nella società. Poi, per avere un Paese attrattivo e produttivo occorre armonizzare imprese e salvaguardia del territorio. Il turista interessato al prodotto italiano è colto, con alta disponibilità economica, curioso e appassionato di relazioni, predilige comunità felici e partecipate. E ancora, la ricerca artistica va oltre l'aspetto scandalistico per raccontare le variazioni nel paesaggio, le fragilità intrinseche dell'iper-industrializzazione. L'Italia è il paese più sognato, ma non il più visitato perché manca il sistema paese, inoltre necessitano innovazioni strutturali nel sistema turistico maturo. E molto altro. ASCOLTA L'INTERVISTA! BREVI NOTE BIOGRAFICHE DEGLI AUTORI Marina Lalli Bertolino Presidente Nazionale di Federturismo Confindustria e vicepresidente vicaria di Confindustria Bari e BAT. Nata in una famiglia di imprenditori nei settore dei lavori pubblici e infrastrutture stradali, vive per anni negli Stati Uniti e in Svizzera.Laurea in Giurisprudenza alla LUISS, specializzazioni in Management per Piccole Imprese (LUISS), Marketing Internazionale e General Management del Comparto Alberghiero (SDA Bocconi). Dal 2000 lavora nelle aziende di famiglia, oggi a capo di una delle aziende del gruppo, le Terme di Margherita di Savoia. Amministratore Unico delle Terme, del Grand Hotel Terme con l'annesso lido balneare, del ristorante AQUA, della SPA Acqua di Sale. Gestisce anche le produzioni cosmetiche e dei dispositivi medici a marchio Terme. Inoltre si occupa di Real Estate, riqualificando edifici storici: Palazzo San Giorgio e Palazzo Nigretti su Trani, Palazzo Novecento a Margherita di Savoia.In Confindustria è anche vicepresidente di Federterme, membro del Consiglio Direttivo di AICA Confindustria Alberghi. È inoltre componente del consiglio di E.B.I.T. Ente Bilaterale Industria Turistica. Inoltre, siede nel Consiglio della CCIAA di Bari e nel CdA della Nuova Fiera del Levante di Bari, componente di diversi CdA di società private. Federico Baronello artista, lavora con la fotografia analitica e la progettazione di strutture espositive, con sporadiche incursioni nell'esercizio della critica d'arte contemporanea. La sua ricerca si concentra essenzialmente sulla documentazione degli effetti della globalizzazione nell'area mediterranea e sulla tecnologia come agente per costruire nuove forme culturali.Dal 1999 Baronello fa parte di Candy Factory, un collettivo internazionale con sede in Giappone. Insieme agli artisti Takuji Kogo e Mike Bode sviluppa lavori multimediali che esplorano gli effetti della globalizzazione nello spazio quotidiano: artonline[dot]jp. Con la serie fotografica, della residenza al parco botanico della Fondazione Radicepura (2017), ha svelato alcuni dei principali temi legati all'emergenza della pandemia. Indagando anche la fragilità dei paesaggi, delle coltivazioni industriali tipiche del Mediterraneo, di specie botaniche minacciate da batteri e parassiti (punteruolo rosso e Xylella). Inoltre sviluppa una critica istituzionale sul rapporto tra opera e natura museale: stakeholder art museum [dot]org, in collaborazione con un gruppo di sviluppatori e divulgatori delle tecnologie blockchain.Altresì collabora con centri di ricerca scientifica, Laboratori Nazionali Meridionali dell'Istituto Italiano di Fisica Nucleare (INFN-LNS) e l'Istituto di Microelettronica e Microsistemi del Consiglio Italiano delle Ricerche (IMM-CNR). Per il primo ha documentato le missioni sperimentali di NEMO (il più grande centro scientifico dei Paesi Bassi). Documentando anche la prima implementazione italiana di KM3Net, gigantesco telescopio Cherenkov rilevatore di neutrini, sul fondo del Mediterraneo. Importante la sua documentazione/ricerca artistica sul fenomeno delle migrazioni, dai paesi MENA (Middle East and North Africa), verso la Sicilia, con imbarcazioni di fortuna. Stefano Zedde Vice Direttore della CCIIP Camera di Commercio e dell'Industria Italiana in Polonia. La CCIIP è una associazione di imprenditori italiani in Polonia, ufficialmente riconosciuta dal Governo italiano. Conta oggi 130 Soci, tra cui i maggiori investimenti italiani in Polonia come FCA, Brembo, Ferrero, Mapei, Marcegaglia, Bitron, Pirelli, Intesa San Paolo.Dopo la laurea in Giurisprudenza all'Università di Sassari, Erasmus presso l'Università di Olsztyn in Polonia. Tesi in diritto ambientale con tirocinio presso il Servizio Valutazione Impatti Ambientali della Regione Autonoma Sardegna. Infine con tirocinio Erasmus nel 2014 approda alla CCIIP dove sviluppa una brillante carriera. Fiero delle origini sarde, vive in Polonia, supportando numerose aziende italiane a inserirsi nel mercato polacco. In CCIIP Zedde è anche responsabile del desk per i servizi di internazionalizzazione e promozione del Made in Italy, in particolare nei settori agroalimentare, l'automotive ed il turismo. Dal 2018 responsabile del desk ENIT (Agenzia Nazionale del Turismo Italiano) in Polonia per la promozione turistica dell'Italia.

Anna buys a product from an instagram ad and then gets completely sidetracked. Radiation was involved.

Heute decken wir die physikalischen Gemeinsamkeiten von einer Bugwelle, einem Überschallknall und der Tscherenkow-Strahlung auf. Wie immer überall, wo es Podcasts gibt. Viel Vergnügen! Link zum angesprochenen GIF: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation#/media/File:Cherenkov_radiation-animation.gif #Tscherenkow #Cherenkov #Überschall #Mach #Bugwelle ********** Anmerkungen, Fragen, Kritik oder interessante Themenvorschläge bitte an physikgeplaenkel@gmail.com ********** Unsere Instragram Seite: https://www.instagram.com/physikgeplaenkel/ Unsere Facebook Seite: https://www.facebook.com/Physik-Geplänkel-1153934681433003/ Unser Youtube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCD1CT-nTdEagwMF16P6gIKQ/ Folgt uns unter "Physik-Geplänkel" auf Spotify, iTunes, Deezer, PocketCasts oder als Amazon Alexa Skill. Oder am besten direkt unter https://physik-geplaenkel.podigee.io/

Fala pessoal, Neste episódio falamos sobre a Radiação Cherenkov, o que ela é, como foi descoberta, algumas aplicações que temos em experimentos de física de partículas e em Física Médica. Esperamos que gostem! --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/fisicast/support

SCP-059 is a radioactive mineral of unknown origin, superficially resembling scheelite. A component of SCP-059 is believed to originate in an alternate universe, and to be responsible for its anomalous properties. In addition to alpha, beta, and gamma radiation, SCP-059 specimens produce a previously unknown type of radiation, apparently unique to the object, tentatively designated 'delta radiation'. Delta radiation is accompanied by Cherenkov radiation, visible as a blue glow. Subscribe for more SCP Foundation Files. Now on YouTube! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHvwHFhZlVsf-0YWULKVxAg Secure, Contain, Protect - SCP Foundation http://scp-wiki.wikidot.com Robotsradio.net Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Cheers and bi-coastal beers, tap heads! We're excited to have one of our best beer friends, Coley, back on the show, drinking a west coast beer from the east coast and doing some critical brunch work.Coley and Greg start off the hydration with a review of West Coast Connect, a double IPA from Resident Culture Brewing in Charlotte, NC.Greg talks about his upcoming happy hour with Henhouse Brewing, hang out with us on Instagram live. Coley and Greg talk about their big purchase over the weekend; Firestone Walker's Brewers Reserve. We find out what you prefer for hangovers; breakfast burritos or pozole? And the latest culinary controversy: pineapple on pizzas! We all saw Tom Brady's drunk video from the Buccaneer's Super Bowl parade, but what you didn't hear was the audio after he was safely back on land.Scott is reviewing a big anniversary beer from Five Threads Brewing, Cherenkov 5th Anniversary Stout, aged in Four Roses Bourbon Barrels after infusion with cocoa nibs and vanilla beans.In Booze News:•Heineken records a $279 Lagunitas million Impairment charge.•Anheuser-Busch will transfer Stella production to the United States.•Constellation is being sued by Anheuser-Busch over the use of the Corona name on Corona Hard Seltzer.•Port Brewing, Lost Abbey have terminated their contract with Stone Distribution.•A drunk Pennsylvania man set fire to his house to stay warm.We have a new segment: Beer Faults and Adjuncts. It's everyone's chance to let us know what we did wrong.Our Old Timey Word of the Week: "Pushing School." Use it on social media and tag us for a shout-out!Cheers to Dover, DE, for being our top listening city for last week!Don't forget to check us out at www.theunfilteredgentlemen.com and follow us on our social medias for some great beer shots: www.facebook.com/theunfilteredgentlemen, @unfilteredgents on Twitter, and TheUnfilteredGentlemen on Instagram! We want you to drunk dial us at (805) 538-BEER (2337); we'd love to hear from you! Make sure to follow Coley @ice_cole_beer_.

This podcast was originally streamed on the Free League Twitch channel which you can reach here www.twitch.tv/freeleaguepublishing Player Brief: The good and honest people of Zorilsk station need your assistance. The Cherenkov is therefore given the enviable task of aiding the prospector populace of GL-914 with an unfortunate error in their weekly equalisation sessions. Engaged in the glorious work of the UPP, the brave frontier folk of Zorilsk are those courageous enough to stare oblivion in the face every day. With hands of iron and minds of steel, they forge the future for the UPP out among the stars! Gathering what they can from the decadent capitalists and the vile imperialists on their way to GL-914, these cunning inventors and engineers have crafted their habitats and ships with their own hands! They search the system for valuable resources and are exalted and uplifted by this worthy work! Your guidance is required in handling this resourcing error in a swift and forthright manner. We cannot have any delay on our move into the GL-914 system. Intro music by Bjørn Felle https://www.facebook.com/bjornfellemu...​ We hope you enjoy! Please consider supporting the channel: Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/garblaggamesCome join the conversation on Discord: https://discord.gg/DPgQjr7

This podcast was originally streamed on the Free League Twitch channel which you can reach here www.twitch.tv/freeleaguepublishing Player Brief: The good and honest people of Zorilsk station need your assistance. The Cherenkov is therefore given the enviable task of aiding the prospector populace of GL-914 with an unfortunate error in their weekly equalisation sessions. Engaged in the glorious work of the UPP, the brave frontier folk of Zorilsk are those courageous enough to stare oblivion in the face every day. With hands of iron and minds of steel, they forge the future for the UPP out among the stars! Gathering what they can from the decadent capitalists and the vile imperialists on their way to GL-914, these cunning inventors and engineers have crafted their habitats and ships with their own hands! They search the system for valuable resources and are exalted and uplifted by this worthy work! Your guidance is required in handling this resourcing error in a swift and forthright manner. We cannot have any delay on our move into the GL-914 system. Intro music by Bjørn Felle https://www.facebook.com/bjornfellemu...​ We hope you enjoy! Please consider supporting the channel: Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/garblaggamesCome join the conversation on Discord: https://discord.gg/DPgQjr7

This podcast was originally streamed on the Free League Twitch channel which you can reach here www.twitch.tv/freeleaguepublishing Player Brief: The good and honest people of Zorilsk station need your assistance. The Cherenkov is therefore given the enviable task of aiding the prospector populace of GL-914 with an unfortunate error in their weekly equalisation sessions. Engaged in the glorious work of the UPP, the brave frontier folk of Zorilsk are those courageous enough to stare oblivion in the face every day. With hands of iron and minds of steel, they forge the future for the UPP out among the stars! Gathering what they can from the decadent capitalists and the vile imperialists on their way to GL-914, these cunning inventors and engineers have crafted their habitats and ships with their own hands! They search the system for valuable resources and are exalted and uplifted by this worthy work! Your guidance is required in handling this resourcing error in a swift and forthright manner. We cannot have any delay on our move into the GL-914 system. Intro music by Bjørn Felle https://www.facebook.com/bjornfellemu...​ We hope you enjoy! Please consider supporting the channel: Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/garblaggamesCome join the conversation on Discord: https://discord.gg/DPgQjr7

This podcast was originally streamed on the Free League Twitch channel which you can reach here www.twitch.tv/freeleaguepublishing Player Brief: The good and honest people of Zorilsk station need your assistance. The Cherenkov is therefore given the enviable task of aiding the prospector populace of GL-914 with an unfortunate error in their weekly equalisation sessions. Engaged in the glorious work of the UPP, the brave frontier folk of Zorilsk are those courageous enough to stare oblivion in the face every day. With hands of iron and minds of steel, they forge the future for the UPP out among the stars! Gathering what they can from the decadent capitalists and the vile imperialists on their way to GL-914, these cunning inventors and engineers have crafted their habitats and ships with their own hands! They search the system for valuable resources and are exalted and uplifted by this worthy work! Your guidance is required in handling this resourcing error in a swift and forthright manner. We cannot have any delay on our move into the GL-914 system. Intro music by Bjørn Felle https://www.facebook.com/bjornfellemu...​ We hope you enjoy! Please consider supporting the channel: Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/garblaggamesCome join the conversation on Discord: https://discord.gg/DPgQjr7

This week, Deviboy returns from his exile, and Stephen from Comics2Movies and XCT joins us to discuss a new comic.Devi brings news from the far off land of Nintendo. It's time to get your cameras out for the New Pokemon Snap. Apart from Nintendo's hopeless naming, it's shaping up to be an expanded photography game for the new generation. We all hope they fit in the fun easter eggs and interactions.Oh no, Loot Boxes! Apple are being taken to court for exploiting children via the App Store. We think we've got a solution to the problem too, so be ready to send us your opinions on the system.Supercollider? I hardly know her! CERN are designing a 100km collider almost 4 times the size of the Large Hadron Collider. The LHC failed to open a portal to hell and lead to a demon invasion, but maybe the Future Circular Collider will. Somebody get Doomguy on speed dial.Cyberpunk 2077 is delayed again, but to tide us over until the release a comic series titled Trauma Team. This also gives it the accidental honour of being the first piece of Cyberpunk 2077 to release. Until then, keep working to create a hyper corporate dystopia so we can all live out our Cyberpunk fantasies.In gaming, Professor went up against space card sharks in Star Realms, Deviboy relived his childhood in Raze 2 and Stephen fell in love with Hearthstone.Pokemon Snap now on Nintendo Swtich-https://www.gamespot.com/articles/a-new-pokemon-snap-is-coming-to-switch-and-it-look/1100-6478623/Apple being sued for lootboxes-https://appleinsider.com/articles/20/06/13/apple-sued-for-allowing-apps-with-loot-boxes-onto-app-storeAn even bigger super collider now in the works-https://www.reddit.com/r/science/comments/hdchxl/cern_makes_bold_push_to_build_21billion/-https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/06/european-physicists-boldly-take-small-step-toward-100-kilometer-long-atom-smasherCyberpunk 2077 comic book series announced-https://comicbook.com/gaming/news/cyberpunk-2077-comic-announced/Games PlayedProfessor– Star Realms - https://store.steampowered.com/app/438140/Star_Realms/Rating: 3.75/5Deviboy– Raze 2 - https://armorgames.com/play/12275/raze-2Rating: 3/5Stephen– Hearthstone - https://playhearthstone.com/en-us/Rating: 5/5Other topics discussedMario Party 10 (party video game developed by NDcube and published by Nintendo for the Wii U.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Party_10ZombiU ((known as Zombi on platforms other than the Wii U) is a first-person survival horror video game developed by Ubisoft Montpellier and published by Ubisoft. It was released for the Wii U as one of its launch games in November 2012.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZombiUPokemon Snap (first-person simulation video game with rail shooter style gameplay mechanics co-developed by HAL Laboratory and Pax Softnica and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 64. It was first released in Japan in March 1999, and was later released in June 1999 in North America and in September 2000 for PAL regions.A sequel called New Pokémon Snap was announced in 2020 and is in development for Nintendo Switch.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon_SnapNew Pokémon Snap (first-person rail shooter and simulation video game in development by Bandai Namco Studios, planned to be published by Nintendo and The Pokémon Company for the Nintendo Switch. It is a sequel to the 1999 game Pokémon Snap. In New Pokémon Snap, the player visits a variety of island locations, including jungles and beaches, where they research Pokémon in their natural habitats, photographing them while traveling in an on-rails hovercraft, to build a "Photodex".)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Pok%C3%A9mon_SnapVoltorb (Electric-type Pokémon introduced in Generation I.)- https://bulbapedia.bulbagarden.net/wiki/Voltorb_(Pok%C3%A9mon)Pokemon Unite (upcoming free-to-start,multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) video game developed by TiMi Studios and published by Tencent in partnership with The Pokémon Company for Android,iOS, and Nintendo Switch.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon_Unite- https://www.pokemon.com/us/pokemon-video-games/pokemon-unite/Super Mario Odyssey (platform game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Switch on October 27, 2017. An entry in the Super Mario series, it follows Mario and Cappy, a sentient hat that allows Mario to control other characters and objects, as they journey across various worlds to save Princess Peach from his nemesis Bowser, who plans to forcibly marry her.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Mario_OdysseyThe 25 Highest-Grossing Media Franchises of All Time. Pokémon being the highest grossing media in global history.- https://www.titlemax.com/discovery-center/money-finance/the-25-highest-grossing-media-franchises-of-all-time/Joe Camel (the advertising mascot for Camel cigarettes from late 1987 to July 12, 1997, appearing in magazine advertisements, billboards, and other print media.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_CamelApple parental control feature stops microtransactions and other activites- https://techcrunch.com/2019/12/10/apples-new-parental-controls-can-limit-who-kids-can-call-text-and-facetime-and-when/Youtube’s COPPA Child-Directed Content Rules- https://variety.com/2020/digital/news/ftc-rules-child-directed-content-youtube-1203454167/80’s Cartoons that were created to sell toys- https://www.eightieskids.com/12-classic-80s-cartoons-that-were-created-just-to-sell-toys/J. Michael Straczynski (American television and film screenwriter, producer and director, and comic book writer. He is the founder of Studio JMS and is best known as the creator of the science fiction television series Babylon 5 and its spinoff Crusade, as well as the series Jeremiah and Sense8. Straczynski wrote Marvel Comics' The Amazing Spider-Man, followed by runs on Thor and Fantastic Four.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Michael_StraczynskiWhy Blizzard Doesn’t Allow Trading in Hearthstone- https://esportsedition.com/hearthstone/hearthtsone-trading/L.O.L Surprise- https://lolsurprise.mgae.com/EA Legal and Government Affairs VP Kerry Hopkins : We look at lootboxes as 'surprise mechanics- https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2019/06/ea-loot-boxes-actually-surprise-mechanics-that-are-ethical-and-fun/EA CEO Andrew Wilson : Lootboxes are like collecting baseball cards- https://www.playstationlifestyle.net/2019/06/20/ea-loot-boxes-discussed-by-the-companys-ceo-andrew-wilson/Kinder Surprise were banned in USA because of the small toys in the eggs- https://metro.co.uk/2017/10/04/why-are-kinder-eggs-banned-in-the-usa-6976543/Diablo Immortal (upcoming action role-playing hack and slash video game in the Diablo series designed for online multiplayer play on mobile devices.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diablo_ImmortalBlizzard Entertainment principal game designer Wyatt Cheng : Do You Guys Not Have Phones (Said during the presentation of mobile game Diablo Immortal at BlizzCon in November 2018. The remark, which was said as an answer to the crowd's disappointment reaction to Diablo Immortal being strictly mobile, has since been used to mock both Blizzard Entertainment and video game publishers acting disconnected from gaming audiences in general.)- https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/do-you-guys-not-have-phonesEntertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) (American self-regulatory organization that assigns age and content ratings to consumer video games. The ESRB was established in 1994 by the Entertainment Software Association, in response to criticism of controversial video games with excessively violent or sexual content.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entertainment_Software_Rating_BoardESRB ratings will begin warning players of loot boxes in games. The Entertainment Software Rating Board announced its plans today, stating it would be adding the description “Includes Random Items” in its rating of games that allow players to makein-game purchases of random items.- https://www.vg247.com/2020/04/13/esrb-ratings-loot-boxes/China's new law forces Dota, League of Legends, and other games to reveal odds of scoring good loot- https://www.theverge.com/2017/5/2/15517962/china-new-law-dota-league-of-legends-odds-loot-box-randomLoot box warnings to be added to video games- https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-52281573PEGI Introduces Notice To Inform About Presence of Paid Random Items- https://pegi.info/news/pegi-introduces-feature-noticeAuction House (The Auction House was a feature of the PC version of Diablo III. This allowed players to put items up for auction, bid and buyout. Two versions of the auction house existed.One used gold earned in-game while the second used real-world currency. Sales and purchases from the Real Money Auction House (RMAH) could be funded by either the players Battle.net account balance or a separate e-commerce service such as PayPal.)- https://diablo.fandom.com/wiki/Auction_HouseBudget of NASA (As a federal agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) receives its funding from the annual federal budget passed by the United States Congress.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budget_of_NASACSIRO Budget 2019-2020- https://www.science.org.au/news-and-events/news-and-media-releases/mixed-news-science-2019-20-budgetAvatar: Last Airbender comics (visual publications that depict events and situations unseen during the series' run. Most of the first comics released occur during and between episodes as a means of supplementing the series, while comics released following the conclusion of the show's official run pertain to events after the end of the Hundred Year War.)- https://avatar.fandom.com/wiki/List_of_Avatar:_The_Last_Airbender_comicsBionicle (a line of Lego construction toys marketed primarily towards 8-to-16 year-olds. Over the following decade, it became one of Lego's biggest-selling properties; spawning into a franchise and playing a part in saving the company from its financial crisis of the late 1990s.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bionicle- https://bionicle.fandom.com/wiki/The_Bionicle_WikiTerralympus (by Stephen Kok, Earth is a distant memory and the remnants of humanity now live aboard the space station, Terralympus.)- https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/43181637-terralympusTranshumanism (a philosophical movement that advocates for the transformation of the human condition by developing and making widely available sophisticated technologies to greatly enhance human intellect and physiology.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TranshumanismThe Legend of Korra ((also known as Avatar: The Legend of Korra) is an American animated television series created by Bryan Konietzko andMichael Dante DiMartino for Nickelodeon that aired from April 14, 2012 to December 19, 2014. A sequel to Konietzko and DiMartino's previous series Avatar: The Last Airbender, which aired from 2005 to 2008.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Legend_of_KorraThe Legend of Korra comics (visual publications that depict events and situations unseen before and after the series' run.)- https://avatar.fandom.com/wiki/List_of_The_Legend_of_Korra_comicsAssassin’s Creed Comics- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassin%27s_Creed#Comics- https://www.goodreads.com/list/show/112978.Assassin_s_Creed_ComicsJ. Michael Straczynski’s AMAZING SPIDER-MAN: A Retrospective- https://comicsverse.com/straczynski-amazing-spider-man/Spider-Man: One More Day (four-part 2007comic book crossover storyline, connecting the three main Spider-Man series concurrently published by Marvel Comics at the time. Written by J. Michael Straczynski and Joe Quesada.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spider-Man%3A_One_More_DayThe Witcher (a Polish-American fantasy drama series produced by Lauren Schmidt Hissrich. It stars Henry Cavill, Freya Allan and Anya Chalotra. The show initially follows the three main protagonists at different points of time, exploring formative events that shaped their characters, before eventually merging into a single timeline.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Witcher_(TV_series)Bat-Credit Card (The infamous Bat-Credit Card was a credit card that Batman used when he needed to make monetary transactions. Batman used it in Batman & Robin to offer $7 million for Poison Ivy.)- https://batman.fandom.com/wiki/Bat-Credit_CardBatman: Year One (American comic book story arc published byDC Comics which recounts the superhero Batman's first year as a crime-fighter. It was written by Frank Miller, illustrated by David Mazzucchelli, colored by Richmond Lewis, and lettered by Todd Klein.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batman:_Year_OneCheck out more stuff from Stephen Kok- https://sigmatestudio.com/Check out more stuff from Comics2Movies including XCT & Terralympus- https://www.comics2movies.com.au/Shout Outs20 June 2020 – Aya and the Witch: Official Stills From Studio Ghibli's First Fully CG Film are released - https://www.ign.com/articles/aya-and-the-witch-studio-ghibli-cg-film-stillsStudio Ghibli is doing a long-form adaptation of Diana Wynne Jones’ novel Earwig and the Witch. Titled Aya to Majo (Aya and the Witch), the movie will air on NHK in Japan this winter. Earwig is an orphan girl who has lived at St. Morwald's Home for Children ever since she was a baby, but all of that changes the day that she is adopted by a mysterious woman named Bella Yaga, who turns out to be a terrible witch and brings Earwig to live in her home of supernatural trinkets. With help from a talking cat, Earwig must use her wits to survive in her new magical surroundings. The colourful carousel of images sees a digression from the traditional, hand-drawn animation that Studio Ghibli is well-renowned for. Instead, this feature has opted for a new kind of art style with an entirely 3D computer-generated story that centres around Earwig, the young girl with the broomstick. Hayao Miyazaki is overseeing the adaptation’s planning, while his son Goro, who helmed From Up On Poppy Hill, is directing. Toshio Suzuki is producing.21 June 2020 – Lilo & Stitch turns 18 - https://comicbook.com/movies/news/lilo-and-stitch-fans-celebrate-anniversary-twitter-trend/18 years ago, Lilo & Stitch hit theaters, spawning a franchise still beloved by Disney fans all these years later. After grossing $273.1 million at the box office for Walt Disney animation, the fan-favorite animated feature went on to introduce three more movies and a television series. A year after its release, the Stitch-centric Stitch! The Movie hit theaters and two years after that, Lilo & Stich 2: Stitch Has a Glitch made its way to the masses. The franchise then ended with Leroy & Stitch and Lilo & Stitch: The Series, both of which set sail in 2006. More recently, however, new reports have surfaced that say Disney+ is now developing a hybrid live-action/CGI remake for the platform. Prior to any coronavirus shutdowns, the film was reported to start production later this year. No further information has been released about the project as of now.22 June 2020 – Kurt Cobain's MTV Unplugged guitar sells to Australian for record $9m - https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-22/kurt-cobains-guitar-bought-by-australian-for-9-million/12379316An Australian businessman hopes his purchase of music icon Kurt Cobain's acoustic guitar could help boost the struggling global music industry. The 1959 Martin D-18E guitar was played by Cobain during his 1993 MTV Unplugged performance in New York. It now holds the record for being the most expensive guitar in the world after being purchased by the founder of Rode Microphones, Peter Freedman, for $US6 million ($8.8 million). Mr Freedman plans to display the guitar on a worldwide tour, the proceeds of which will go back to the performing arts sector. "I did it to highlight the massive crisis in the arts," he told ABC Radio Brisbane. "I've got the attention of government, I've got the attention of everyone asking me why I did it." "Musos and entertainers get nothing — it's as though they don't exist," he said. His main motivation is to lobby on behalf of musicians in countries like as Germany, the UK and Australia. "The money that comes from it mightn't be much, but it's the focus on governments, and the effects of this will last forever if I do it right," Mr Freedman."It's not the money we need, it's the people, the support.23 June 2020 – Joel Schumacher passes away at 80 - https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-23/filmmaker-joel-schumacher-dies-at-80/12383008The man behind the flamboyant reinvention of Hollywood's Batman franchise, Joel Schumacher has died. From a job dressing department store windows to costume design for Woody Allen's 1970s movies Interiors and Sleeper, the New Yorker made his mark on the big screen in 1985 with the coming-of-age movie St Elmo's Fire. That project launched the careers of the Brat Pack — Rob Lowe, Demi Moore, Emilio Estevez and Ally Sheedy — and had the movie industry clamouring for more of Schumacher's brilliance. The Lost Boys, Flatliners, John Grisham adaptations The Client and A Time to Kill and the critically acclaimed Falling Down followed. Audiences loved Schumacher's overly dramatic and exuberant Batman Forever in 1995, but panned its follow-up, Batman & Robin in 1997. After theBatman films, Schumacher pulled back from blockbusters and returned to making minimalist films such as Tigerland and Phone Booth, both earning positive reviews. He also directed The Phantom of the Opera , The Number 23, and two episodes of House of Cards. He died from cancer in New York City.24 June 2020 – Segway ends production - https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-06-24/segway-ends-production-of-vehicle-falls/12386530Segway is ending the production of its namesake vehicle. The two-wheeled personal transporter, which the company boldly claimed would revolutionise the way people got around, will be retired on July 15. While used by tourists and some police forces, the vehicle also became known for high-profile crashes. It even resulted in the death of a former Segway company president, who drove one off a cliff in 2009. The company said 21 employees would be laid off, another 12 employees would stay on for two months to a year, and five would remain at the Bedford, New Hampshire facility. The transportation revolution that inventor Dean Kamen envisioned when he founded the company in 1999 never took off. The Segway's original price tag of around $US5,000 was a hurdle for many customers. It was also challenging to ride, because the rider had to be balanced at a specific angle for the vehicle to move forward. If the rider's weight shifted too much in any direction, it could easily spin out of control and throw the rider off. They were banned in some cities because users could easily lose control if they were not balanced properly. In 2017, Segway got into the scooter business, just as the light, inexpensive and easy-to-ride two-wheelers took over urban streets. It comes after decades of high-profile falls, viral videos and even the death of a former company owner.23 June 2020 – Deus Ex turns 20- https://techraptor.net/gaming/features/deus-ex-20th-anniversary-nameless-mod-retrospective- https://www.techradar.com/au/news/deus-ex-20th-anniversary-programmer-scott-martin-talks-about-working-on-the-pc-gaming-masterpieceIf a game came out today that depicted a world ravaged by a viral outbreak, dehumanized by capitalism, in the throes of mass public riots, gripped by anti-government sentiment, and witnessing the progressive breakdown of American society amid the rise of China as an autonomous superpower, you might think it was too on-the-nose. Twenty years ago however, it was simply the setting of a radical, and somewhat prophetic video game, called Deus Ex. Directed by System Shock producer Warren Spector and designed by future Dishonored creative director Harvey Smith, Deus Ex represented a profound leap in both storytelling and mechanical depth for first-person video games. The game placed players in the role of J.C. Denton, a cybernetically augmented United Nations Anti-Terrorism agent who gradually unravels a web of conspiracies gripping the dark cyberpunk future of 2052. Its sprawling world was dense with philosophical questions, conflicted morality, deep characters, and all the ingredients that make an instant classic; its character customization system and resulting player freedom is still imitated today. It’s success spawned a lukewarm sequel in 2003 withInvisible War, and then a successful revival in 2011 with the prequel Human Revolution and its own sequel in 2016,Mankind Divided. The original game is fondly remembered in PC gaming communities with the meme, “every time you mention it, someone will install it.”. Seven years after its release, Deus Ex served as the basis for one of the most impressive mods of its generation, known only as The Nameless Mod. Reflecting on the original Deus Ex's revered place in PC gaming history, Scott Martin one of the only three programmers tasked with coding the entire game using the very first Unreal Engine, keeps it humble. "I feel honored and privileged to have worked on the game," he said, "and happy that so many people still remember it fondly after all this time!"Remembrances22 June 1965 – David O. Selznick - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_O._SelznickAmerican film producer, screenwriter and film studio executive. He is best known for producing Gone with the Wind (1939) and Rebecca (1940), each earning him an Academy Award for Best Picture. In 1926, Selznick moved to Hollywood, and with the help of his father's connections, he gained a job as an assistant story editor at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. He left MGM for Paramount Pictures in 1928, where he worked until 1931, when he joined RKO as Head of Production. His years at RKO were fruitful, and he worked on many films, including A Bill of Divorcement , Rockabye,Bird of Paradise, and King Kong. Despite his output of successful movies at MGM,Paramount Pictures, and RKO Pictures, Selznick longed to be an independent producer with his own studio. In 1935 he formed Selznick International Pictures, and distributed his films through United Artists. His successes continued with classics such as, A Star Is Born , The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, and Gone with the Wind , which remains the highest-grossing film of all time (adjusted for inflation). Gone with the Wind won eight Oscars and two special awards. He produced his second Best Picture Oscar winner in a row, Rebecca , the first Hollywood production of British director Alfred Hitchcock. Selznick had brought Hitchcock over from England, launching the director's American career. Rebecca was Hitchcock's only film to win Best Picture. Gone with the Wind overshadowed the rest of Selznick's career. Later, he was convinced that he had wasted his life trying to outdo it. The closest he came to matching the film was with Duel in the Sun. With a huge budget, the film is known for causing moral upheaval because of the then risqué script written by Selznick. The film would be a major success. The film was the second highest-grossing film of 1947 and was the first movie that Martin Scorsese saw, inspiring Scorsese's own directorial career. He died from heart attack at the age of 63 in Hollywood, California.22 June 1969 – Judy Garland - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy_GarlandBorn Frances Ethel Gumm, American actress, singer, and dancer. During a career that spanned 45 years, she attained international stardom as an actress in both musical and dramatic roles, as a recording artist, and on the concert stage. Garland began performing in vaudeville as a child with her two older sisters and was later signed to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer as a teenager. She appeared in more than two dozen films for MGM and is remembered for portraying Dorothy Gale in The Wizard of Oz. Garland was a frequent on-screen partner of both Mickey Rooney and Gene Kelly. Although her film career became intermittent thereafter, two of Garland's most critically acclaimed performances came later in her career: she received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in A Star Is Born (1954) and a nomination for Best Supporting Actress for her role in Judgment at Nuremberg. At age 39, Garland became the youngest and first female recipient of the Cecil B. DeMille Award for lifetime achievement in the film industry. In 1997, Garland was posthumously awarded a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Several of her recordings have been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, and in 1999, the American Film Institute placed her among the 10 greatest female stars of classic American cinema. She died from Barbiturate overdose at the age of 47 in London.22 June 1990 – Ilya Frank - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_FrankIlya Mikhailovich Frank, Soviet winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1958 jointly with Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov and Igor Y. Tamm, also of the Soviet Union. He received the award for his work in explaining the phenomenon of Cherenkov radiation. In 1934, Frank moved to the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the USSR Academy of Sciences . Here he started working on nuclear physics, a new field for him. He became interested in the effect discovered by Pavel Cherenkov, that charged particles moving through water at high speeds emit light. Together with Igor Tamm, he developed a theoretical explanation: the effect occurs when charged particles travel through an optically transparent medium at speeds greater than the speed of light in that medium, causing a shock wave in the electromagnetic field. The amount of energy radiated in this process is given by the Frank–Tamm formula. The discovery and explanation of the effect resulted in the development of new methods for detecting and measuring the velocity of high-speed nuclear particles and became of great importance for research in nuclear physics. Cherenkov radiation is also widely used in biomedical research for detection of radioactive isotopes. He died at the age of 81 in Moscow.Famous Birthdays22 June 1834 – William Chester Minor - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Chester_MinorAlso known as W. C. Minor, American army surgeon and one of the largest contributors of quotations to the Oxford English Dictionary. He was also held in a psychiatric hospital from 1872 to 1910 after he murdered George Merrett. It was probably through his correspondence with the London booksellers that he heard of the call for volunteers for what was to become the Oxford English Dictionary (OED). He devoted most of the remainder of his life to that work. He became one of the project's most effective volunteers, reading through his large personal library of antiquarian books and compiling quotations that illustrated the way particular words were used. He was often visited by the widow of the man he had killed, and she provided him with further books. The compilers of the dictionary published lists of words for which they wanted examples of usage. Minor provided these, with increasing ease as the lists grew. It was many years before the OED's editor, Dr. James Murray, learned Minor's background history, and visited him in January 1891. In 1899 Murray paid compliment to Minor's enormous contributions to the dictionary, stating, "we could easily illustrate the last four centuries from his quotations alone." He was born in Ceylon22 June 1898 – Erich Maria Remarque - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erich_Maria_RemarqueBorn Erich Paul Remark, 20th-century German novelist. His landmark novel All Quiet on the Western Front (1928), about the German military experience of World War I, was an international best-seller which created a new literary genre, and was subsequently made into the film All Quiet on the Western Front. Remarque had made his first attempts at writing at the age of 16. Among them were essays, poems, and the beginnings of a novel that was finished later and published in 1920 as The Dream Room (Die Traumbude). All Quiet on the Western Front (Im Westen nichts Neues) (1929), his career defining work, was written in 1927. Remarque was at first unable to find a publisher for it. Its text described the experiences of German soldiers during World War I. On publication it became an international bestseller and a landmark work in twentieth-century literature. It inspired a new genre of veterans writing about conflict, and the commercial publication of a wide variety of war memoirs. It also inspired dramatic representations of the war in theatre and cinema, in Germany as well as in countries that had fought in the conflict against the German Empire, particularly the United Kingdom and the United States of America. Remarque continued to write about the German experience after WWI. His next novel, Three Comrades (Drei Kameraden), spans the years of the Weimar Republic, from the hyperinflation of 1923 to the end of the decade. His fourth novel, Flotsam (in German titled Liebe deinen Nächsten, or Love Thy Neighbour), first appeared in a serial version in English in 1939. His next work, the novel Arch of Triumph, was first published in 1945 in English, and the next year in German as Arc de Triomphe. Another instant bestseller, it reached worldwide sales of nearly five million. His final novel was Shadows in Paradise. He as born in Osnabrück,German Empire.22 June 1899 – Richard Gurley Drew - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Gurley_DrewAmerican inventor who worked for Johnson and Johnson, Permacel Co., and 3M in St. Paul, Minnesota, where he invented masking tape and cellophane tape. While testing their new Wetordry sandpaper at auto shops, Drew was intrigued to learn that the two-tone auto paint jobs so popular in the Roaring Twenties were difficult to manage at the border between the two colors. In response, after two years of work in 3M's labs, Drew invented the first masking tape, a two-inch-wide tan paper strip backed with a light, pressure-sensitive adhesive. The first tape had adhesive along its edges but not in the middle. In its first trial run, it fell off the car and the frustrated auto painter growled at Drew, "take this tape back to those Scotch bosses of yours and tell them to put more adhesive on it!" (By "Scotch," he meant "cheap".) The nickname stuck, both to Drew's improved masking tape, and to his 1930 invention, Scotch Brand cellulose tape. In 1930 he came up with the world's first transparent cellophane adhesive tape (called sellotape in the UK and Scotch tape in the United States). During the Great Depression, people began using Scotch tape to repair items rather than replace them. This was the beginning of 3M’s diversification into all manner of marketplaces and helped them to flourish in spite of the Great Depression. He was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota.22 June 1958 – Bruce Campbell - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_CampbellBruce Lorne Campbell, American actor, voice actor, producer, writer and director. One of his best-known roles is Ash Williams in Sam Raimi's Evil Dead franchise, beginning with the 1978 short film Within the Woods. He has starred in many low-budget cult films such as Maniac Cop , Sundown: The Vampire in Retreat, and Bubba Ho-Tep . In television, Campbell had lead roles in The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. and Jack of All Trades , and a recurring role as Autolycus,King of Thieves, in Hercules: The Legendary Journeys and Xena: Warrior Princess . He played Sam Axe on the USA Network series Burn Notice and reprised his role as Ash Williams on the Starz series Ash vs. Evil Dead. Campbell started his directing career with Fanalysis and A Community Speaks, and then with the horror comedy feature films Man with the Screaming Brain and My Name Is Bruce, the latter being a spoof of his career. Campbell is featured as a voice actor in several video game titles. He provides the voice of Ash in the three games based on the Evil Dead film series: Evil Dead: Hail to the King,Evil Dead: A Fistful of Boomstick and Evil Dead: Regeneration. In addition to acting and occasionally directing, Campbell has become a writer, starting with an autobiography, If Chins Could Kill: Confessions of a B Movie Actor, published on August 24, 2002. The autobiography was a successful New York Times Best Seller.If Chins Could Kill follows Campbell's career to date as an actor in low-budget films and television, providing his insight into "Blue-Collar Hollywood". He was born in Royal Oak, Michigan.Events of Interest22 June 1633 – The Holy Office in Rome forces Galileo Galilei to recant his view that the Sun, not the Earth, is the center of the Universe in the form he presented it in, after heated controversy. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_affair#Trial_and_second_judgment,_1633Galileo was interrogated while threatened with physical torture. A panel of theologians, consisting of Melchior Inchofer, Agostino Oreggi and Zaccaria Pasqualigo, reported on the Dialogue. Their opinions were strongly argued in favour of the view that the Dialogue taught the Copernican theory. Galileo was found guilty, and the sentence of the Inquisition, issued on 22 June 1633, was in three essential parts:Galileo was found "vehemently suspect of heresy", namely of having held the opinions that the Sun lies motionless at the center of the universe, that the Earth is not at its centre and moves, and that one may hold and defend an opinion as probable after it has been declared contrary to Holy Scripture. He was required to "abjure, curse, and detest" those opinions.He was sentenced to formal imprisonment at the pleasure of the Inquisition. On the following day this was commuted to house arrest, which he remained under for the rest of his life.His offending Dialogue was banned; and in an action not announced at the trial, publication of any of his works was forbidden, including any he might write in the future.22 June 1978 – End of the World came in theatres in Columbia - https://www.scifihistory.net/june-22.htmlOn this day in 1978 (in Colombia), End of the World served up yet one Apocalyptic-themed SciFi/Thriller. The feature film starred Christopher Lee (in a dual role) and Sue Lyon, and here's the premise as cited "After witnessing a man's death in a bizarre accident, Father Pergado goes on a spiritual retreat, where he encounters his alien double bent on world conquest." For no apparent reason, French distributors cut the movie down to one hour and fifteen minutes for its French theatrical release, Sir Christopher Lee only appearing in its prologue and its conclusion. Sir Christopher Lee has said about this movie: "Some of the films I've been in I regret making. I got conned into making these pictures in almost every case by people who lied to me. Some years ago, I got a call from my producers saying that they were sending me a script and that five very distinguished American actors were also going to be in the film. Actors like José Ferrer, Dean Jagger, and John Carradine. So I thought "Well, that's all right by me". But it turned out it was a complete lie. Appropriately, the film was called End Of The World."22 June 1978 – Charon, the first of Pluto's satellites to be discovered, was first seen at the United States Naval Observatory by James W. Christy. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charon_(moon)#DiscoveryOn June 22, 1978, he had been examining highly magnified images of Pluto on photographic plates taken with the telescope two months prior. Christy noticed that a slight elongation appeared periodically. The blob seemed to move around Pluto. The direction of elongation cycled back and forth over 6.39 days―Pluto's rotation period. Searching through their archives of Pluto images taken years before, Christy found more cases where Pluto appeared elongated. Additional images confirmed he had discovered the first known moon of Pluto. The International Astronomical Union formally announced Christy's discovery to the world on July 7, 1978. After its discovery, Charon was originally known by the temporary designation S/1978 P 1, according to the then recently instituted convention. On June 24, 1978, Christy first suggested the name Charon as a scientific-sounding version of his wife Charlene's nickname, "Char".IntroArtist – Goblins from MarsSong Title – Super Mario - Overworld Theme (GFM Trap Remix)Song Link -https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GNMe6kF0j0&index=4&list=PLHmTsVREU3Ar1AJWkimkl6Pux3R5PB-QJFollow us onFacebook- Page - https://www.facebook.com/NerdsAmalgamated/- Group - https://www.facebook.com/groups/440485136816406/Twitter - https://twitter.com/NAmalgamatedSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/6Nux69rftdBeeEXwD8GXrSiTunes -https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/top-shelf-nerds/id1347661094RSS -http://www.thatsnotcanonproductions.com/topshelfnerdspodcast?format=rssInstagram - https://www.instagram.com/nerds_amalgamated/Email - Nerds.Amalgamated@gmail.comSupport via Podhero- https://podhero.com/podcast/449127/nerds-amalgamatedRate & Review us on Podchaser - https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/nerds-amalgamated-623195

With the wind rustling the trees, a faint hint of the bouquet from the honeysuckle on the air, the moon moved from behind the cloud. It was hard to accept that this was still the same group that everyone knew and liked (loved is suck a strong word and with Buck involved we might be stretching it a bit). The utter shock of it all is beyond belief; we are almost at that time folks. Yes, we really are almost at the 2 year mark. Tell your friends that like Keith Richards we have refused to stop going, like an aging rock band we are here once again. The Nerds are back!First up this week we have a segment about QTIME, what is that you ask? Well it is an amazing device to help when gaming is more important than life, but you still have to pay the bills. It is awesome for those parents that want to guide their dirt urchins out into the wide blue yonder and do their chores around the house. It is also the perfect way to destroy a room full of sports fans. Want to know exactly what this miracle device is, listen in and hear the Professor tell us about it and Buck hatch evil ideas.Now there are restaurants that have monkey waiters, cafes where you can cuddle a cat or puppy, there are even sushi bars with trains. Now we give you Cat Robots! Yes folks it is that time of year when the biggest collection of Nerds and Geeks gather. It is the CES once again and Buck has found that there are Cat Robots, also a super important and special bot for those times when you stuck needing a roll of paper. This is important and we invite you to tell us your favourite exhibit at the CES (Consumer Electronics Show) we only discuss a couple, there are some many things it would require a special episode of its own.Next up we have DJ telling us about the news that Studio Ghibli are planning to release 2 new movies. The special part of this is we have an expected release date of….Listen in and find out when. Also we discuss what the movies theme is going to be. We don’t want to spoil it for you and tell you everything now, but we are sure you will enjoy it as much as we do. Lastly, we have the usual game played, shout outs, remembrances, birthdays, and special events. Until next time, thanks for listening, take care of yourselves, look out for each other and stay hydrated.Qtime : Limiting Gaming Time - https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2018/10/23/father-son-create-app-parents-shut-childs-video-consoles-remotely/Cat Robots in Restaurants - https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-51003084?intlink_from_url=https://www.bbc.com/news/technology&link_location=live-reporting-storyStudio Ghibli making 2 movies for 2020 - https://www.cbr.com/studio-ghibli-two-new-films-2020/Games currently playingProfessor– Final Fantasy Adventure - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Final_Fantasy_AdventureRating – 5/10Buck– Desert Order - https://www.desertorder.com/Rating – 3.5/5DJ– Watchers - https://store.steampowered.com/app/1124980/Watchers/Rating – 3.5/5Other topics discussedQTIME official website- https://getqtime.com/Court dress (style of clothes prescribed for courts of law and for royal courts._- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Court_dressYouTube Challenge - Hey Jimmy Kimmel I Unplugged the TV During the Game- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KMmqqKV49cgYouTube Challenge – I Turned Off the TV During Fortnite- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPTXkp4pPeICES (Consumer Electronics Show) and its info- https://www.ces.tech/- https://metro.co.uk/2018/01/08/ces-stand-dates-held-7212783/Cat Cafes in Brisbane- Lucky Cat Café - https://www.luckycatcafe.com.au/- Cat Cuddle Café - https://catcuddlecafe.com/Charmin’s Rollbot unveiled at CES 2020- https://www.cnet.com/news/charmins-pooptime-robot-pal-will-bring-fresh-toilet-roll-when-you-need-it-most/The Good Place (American fantasy comedy television series created by Michael Schur.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Good_PlaceHow Do You Live (1937 novel by Yoshino Genzaburō. It follows a 15-year-old boy named Junichi Honda, nicknamed Koperu, and his uncle as the youth deals with spiritual growth, poverty, and the overall experience as human beings.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_Do_You_Live%3F_(novel)Studio Ghibli 25 Years Concert - Joe Hisaishi in Budokan- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eY1XtWyKlJAMining billionaire Andrew Forrest pledges $70 million bushfire relief and recovery donation- https://mobile.abc.net.au/news/2020-01-09/andrew-forrest-pledges-$70m-donation-to-bushfire-relief/11854654Four Wedding and a Funeral (American romantic comedy web television miniseries, based on the 1994 British film of the same name written by Richard Curtis.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Weddings_and_a_Funeral_(miniseries)Stephen Fry (English actor, comedian and writer)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_FryHugh Laurie (English actor, director, singer, musician, comedian and author.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Laurie1st episode of Q.I. starring Hugh Laurie, Danny Baker & John Sessions- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5lmJ15QvMZEJames A. Garfield (20th president of the United States, serving from March 4, 1881 until his death by assassination six and a half months later.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_A._GarfieldMusicals Taught me Everything I Know (TNC Podcast)- https://thatsnotcanon.com/mtmeikShoutout4 Jan 2019 - Tom Long passed away. Tom Long an Australian film and television actor. He played court official and avid surfer Angus in the late 1990s TV series SeaChange and Brendon Abbott in the 2003 Australian TV movie The Postcard Bandit. He was also in the movie the Dish as Glenn Latham, Comedian Jane Kennedy, a writer and producer for The Dish said Long was "one of the most modest and talented human beings I have had the privilege to work with". He died of encephalitis at the age of 51. - https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-01-06/tom-long-seachange-the-dish-actor-dies-aged-51/118433285 Jan 2019 – Hayao Miyazaki celebrated his 79th birthday. A co-founder of Studio Ghibli, a film and animation studio, he has attained international acclaim as a masterful storyteller and as a maker ofanimated feature films, and is widely regarded as one of the most accomplished filmmakers in the animation business. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayao_Miyazaki6 Jan 1994 - Washington State University’s research moose, Morty, who strolled to fame in the opening credits of the CBS-TV series 'Northern Exposure,' has died. The moose died of cobalt and copper deficiency. - https://www.upi.com/Archives/1994/01/07/Northern-Exposure-moose-dies/1000757918800/6 Jan 2019 – Australian comedian Celeste Barber has raised more than $46 million dollars for The Trustee for NSW Rural Fire Service & Brigades Donations Fund. - https://www.facebook.com/donate/1010958179269977/2477326602586291/Rememberances6 Jan 1990 - Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov, Soviet physicist who shared the Nobel Prize in physics in 1958 with Ilya Frank and Igor Tamm for the discovery of Cherenkov radiation, made in 1934. Cherenkov observed the emission of blue light from a bottle of water subjected to radioactive bombardment. This phenomenon, associated with charged atomic particles moving at velocities greater than the phase velocity of light, proved to be of great importance in subsequent experimental work in nuclear physics, and for the study of cosmic rays. Eponymously, it was dubbed the Cherenkov effect, as was the Cherenkov detector, which has become a standard piece of equipment in atomic research for observing the existence and velocity of high-speed particles. He died at the age of 85 in Moscow,Russian SFSR. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pavel_Cherenkov6 Jan 1990 - Ian Charleson, Scottish stage and film actor. He is best known internationally for his starring role as Olympic athlete and missionary Eric Liddell, in the Oscar-winning 1981 film Chariots of Fire. He is also well known for his portrayal of Rev. Charlie Andrews in the 1982 Oscar-winning film Gandhi. He performed numerous Shakespearean roles, and in 1991 the annual Ian Charleson Awards were established, particularly in honour of his final Hamlet. The awards reward the best classical stage performances in Britain by actors aged under 30. Ian McKellen said Charleson was "the most unmannered and unactorish of actors: always truthful, always honest". He died from AIDS related causes at the age of 40 in London. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_Charleson6 Jan 1997 - Catherine Scorsese, American actress, and the mother of director Martin Scorsese. Of Italian descent, she began acting when her son Martin Scorsese cast her in his film It's Not Just You, Murray!. She frequently played the role of an Italian mother, and is perhaps most well known for her appearance in her son's film Goodfellas, as Mrs. DeVito, Tommy's mother. She acted in films other than her son's. She was married to Charles Scorsese. Her father, Martin Cappa, was a stage co-ordinator and her mother, Domenica, was a shop owner. She published a recipe book, Italianamerican: The Scorsese Family Cookbook. She died from Alzheimer's disease at the age of 84 in Manhattan, New York. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_ScorseseFamous Birthdays6 Jan 1822 - Heinrich Schliemann, German businessman and a pioneer in the field of archaeology. He was an advocate of the historicity of places mentioned in the works of Homer and an archaeological excavator of Hisarlik, now presumed to be the site of Troy, along with the Mycenaean sites Mycenae and Tiryns. His work lent weight to the idea that Homer's Iliad reflects historical events. Schliemann's excavation of nine levels of archaeological remains with dynamite has been criticized as destructive of significant historical artifacts, including the level that is believed to be the historical Troy. Schliemann's famous finds include Priam's Treasure, a cache of gold jewellery discovered in 1873. Schliemann was also the excavator of the bronze age site of Mycenae in North Greece, where he found the so-called "Mask of Agamemnon" in 1876. He was born in Neubukow,Mecklenburg-Schwerin. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Schliemann6 Jan 1954 - Yuji Horii, Japanese video game designer and scenario writer best known as the creator of the Dragon Quest series of role-playing games, supervising and writing the scenario for Chrono Trigger, as well as the first visual noveladventure game Portopia Serial Murder Case. In Chrono Trigger, Horii appearing in one of the endings with the game development staff. He was born in Sumoto, Hyōgo - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuji_Horii6 Jan 1955 - Rowan Atkinson, English actor, comedian and writer. He is best known for his work on the sitcoms Blackadder and Mr. Bean. Atkinson first came to prominence in the BBC's sketch comedy show Not the Nine O'Clock News, receiving the 1981 BAFTA for Best Entertainment Performance, and via his participation in The Secret Policeman's Ball. His other work includes the James Bond film Never Say Never Again, playing a bumbling vicar in Four Weddings and a Funeral, voicing the red-billed hornbill Zazu in The Lion King, and playing jewellery salesman Rufus in Love Actually. Best known for his use of physical comedy in his Mr. Bean persona, Atkinson's other characters rely more on language. Atkinson often plays authority figures speaking absurd lines with a completely deadpan delivery. He was born in Consett,County Durham - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rowan_AtkinsonEvents of Interest6 January 1873: Crédit Mobilier of America scandal investigated, this led to the censure of Oakes Ames of Massachusetts and James Brooks of New York. This scandal showed how corruption tainted Gilded Age politics, and the lengths railroads and other economic interests would go to assure and increase profits. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cr%C3%A9dit_Mobilier_scandal6 Jan 1912 - German geophysicistAlfred Wegener first presents his theory of continental drift. He hypothesized that that the continents are slowly drifting around the Earth. He suggested that the continents were once a single landmass and gradually drifted apart, either because of the centrifugal force of the Earth’s rotation, or astronomical precession. Wegener also originally thought mid-ocean ridges might play some role, since the Atlantic seafloor “is continuously tearing open and making space for fresh, relatively fluid and hot [material rising] from depth.” But he eventually abandoned those notions. - https://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/201901/history.cfm6 Jan 1950 – The United Kingdom recognizes the People's Republic of China. The Republic of China presently known as Taiwan severs diplomatic relations with the UK in response. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_in_ChinaIntroArtist – Goblins from MarsSong Title – Super Mario - Overworld Theme (GFM Trap Remix)Song Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GNMe6kF0j0&index=4&list=PLHmTsVREU3Ar1AJWkimkl6Pux3R5PB-QJFollow us onFacebook- Page - https://www.facebook.com/NerdsAmalgamated/- Group - https://www.facebook.com/groups/440485136816406/Twitter - https://twitter.com/NAmalgamatedSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/6Nux69rftdBeeEXwD8GXrSiTunes - https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/top-shelf-nerds/id1347661094RSS - http://www.thatsnotcanonproductions.com/topshelfnerdspodcast?format=rssInstagram - https://www.instagram.com/nerds_amalgamated/General EnquiriesEmail - Nerds.Amalgamated@gmail.com

Learn about how introverts can be happier by tapping into the powers of extroverts; how something can produce Cherenkov radiation by going faster than the speed of light; and, how the language you speak changes your perception of time. Please support today’s sponsor, Skura! Visit https://skurastyle.com to get sponges delivered right to your door, and enter promo code CURIOSITY to get your first month FREE! In this podcast, Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer discuss the following stories from Curiosity.com to help you get smarter and learn something new in just a few minutes: Are Introverts Happier When They Pretend to Be Extroverts? — https://curiosity.im/2LSTaLM  Cherenkov Radiation Is a Sonic Boom for Light, and It's Beautiful — https://curiosity.im/2n1TvC5 The Language You Speak Changes Your Perception of Time — https://curiosity.im/2mWPPBq  Please nominate Curiosity Daily for Best Technology & Science Podcast in the 2019 Discover Pods Awards! It's free and only takes a minute. Thanks so much! https://awards.discoverpods.com/nominations/

Just when you thought DC couldn't get weirder, we get a new Batman actor! Oh please, tell us your thoughts! 0:12:42 Good Omens 0:13:52 Robert Pattinson is the new Batman 0:23:40 Taco Bell themed hotel and national shortage of nachos! 0:30:39 E3 this weekend! 0:32:41 Mario Kart themed go-cart company loses lawsuit to Nintendo for the second time 0:36:05 iTunes is being broken into several smaller, more specific apps because why not? 0:38:45 The Russo Brothers join the team for a Magic the Gathering anime 0:42:17 Cherenkov telescope array 0:43:28 LEGO moon lander to commemorate 1969 moon landing 0:55:01 Radio Public podcatcher app I'm a Leaf on the Wind, Watch how I Link! OOOOH, SHINY! Interested in writing geek-centric articles? Got a fever to let your inner writer out? Email us with an article to be published for thousands of readers to see! CHECK OUT OUR AWESOME merch! https://www.duelingogres.com/bazaar-dueling-ogres-store/ SMASH ALL THOSE social media LIKES AND SHARES AND retweets and pins and SUBSCRIBES FOREVER! They help us stay alive one more day! Literally, there are larger ogres over us. They're ruthless and terrifying. We cry tears of blood! CALL or TEXT us so we can play/read your question on air @ !! (Intro uses the "" track by Kevin Macleod (). Licensed under . Outtro: , licensed under .)

La tertulia semanal en la que repasamos las últimas noticias de la actualidad científica. En el episodio de hoy: Continúa la controversia sobre la exoluna de Teachey y Kipping; Una estrella muy rara, posiblemente de otra galaxia; El Alzheimer y las células gliales; Nuevos datos sobre el origen de las lenguas asiáticas; Vacío cuántico: partículas virtuales y radiación Cherenkov en el vacío. En la foto, de arriba a abajo y de izquierda a derecha: Ignacio Crespo, Sara Robisco, Carlos González, Héctor Socas, María Ribes, Alberto Aparici. Todos los comentarios vertidos durante la tertulia representan únicamente la opinión de quien los hace… y a veces ni eso. CB:SyR es una colaboración entre el Área de Investigación y la Unidad de Comunicación y Cultura Científica (UC3) del Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias.

La tertulia semanal en la que repasamos las últimas noticias de la actualidad científica. En el episodio de hoy: Continúa la controversia sobre la exoluna de Teachey y Kipping; Una estrella muy rara, posiblemente de otra galaxia; El Alzheimer y las células gliales; Nuevos datos sobre el origen de las lenguas asiáticas; Vacío cuántico: partículas virtuales y radiación Cherenkov en el vacío. En la foto, de arriba a abajo y de izquierda a derecha: Ignacio Crespo, Sara Robisco, Carlos González, Héctor Socas, María Ribes, Alberto Aparici. Todos los comentarios vertidos durante la tertulia representan únicamente la opinión de quien los hace… y a veces ni eso. CB:SyR es una colaboración entre el Área de Investigación y la Unidad de Comunicación y Cultura Científica (UC3) del Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias.

50 000 tonnes d'eau ultra-pure et 11 200 détecteurs de lumière Cherenkov, Super-Kamiokande, installé 1000 m sous terre, près de Hida au centre du Japon, est sans conteste le détecteur de neutrinos souterrain le plus grand dans son genre. Pour la première fois depuis 10 ans, il vient d'être entièrement vidé et va être modifié en ajoutant du gadolinium dans son eau, ce qui va enfin permettre de détecter des neutrinos issus de supernovas lointaines.

Welcome, welcome, come on up to the slab and let us see what mischief and havoc your favourite ne’er do wells have been up to this week. First up the DJ fiendishly illuminates us on the latest plans of Guillermo del Toro, apparently Pinocchio is set to be re-envisioned by this sorcerer and his mystic arts.Then the mad professor brings us tales of Steam announcing it is finally intending to accept the currency of the land of criminals and exiles (otherwise referred to as Australia). Although given the latest insanity from some twisted mind, Australia is all a hoax perpetrated on the unsuspecting world…mmmm, yes some people are decidedly stupid aren’t they.Next up Buck the mad scientist carries news that there is talk of landing sites for the next Mars Rover mission. Such is how the darkness of humanity shall spread across the verse…. Beware the reapers…Such a ghoulishly fun filled episode that will give you paroxysms of laughter and mirth… remember you have been informed of the dangers involved in listening to this dark chaos….EPISODE NOTES:Pinocchio on Netflix- https://www.empireonline.com/people/guillermo-del-toro/guillermo-del-toro-brings-pinocchio-film-netflix/Steam supports Aussie dollars- https://www.kotaku.com.au/2018/10/steam-will-fully-support-aussie-dollars-from-mid-november/?fbclid=IwAR2FrQjvaUqa6yruwPYSpCPmKJ49taZbCmXC6qkK4oVpM39dTwA4BT4IVccNASA’s next Mars landing site- https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/10/scientists-home-landing-site-next-mars-roverGames currently playingProfessor– Deceit - https://store.steampowered.com/app/466240/Deceit/Buck– Deceit - https://store.steampowered.com/app/466240/Deceit/DJ– God Of war 2018 game - https://www.playstation.com/en-ie/games/god-of-war-ps4/Other topics discussedThe real story of Pinocchio- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Pinocchio- http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2014/03/original-story-pinocchio-killed-jiminy-cricket-got-feet-burnt-hanged-assassins/Forrest Gump the movie- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forrest_GumpGuillermo Del Toro’s bio- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_del_ToroPacific Rim the movie- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Rim_(film)The Happening the movie- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Happening_(2008_film)The Nutcracker- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_NutcrackerWhat to expect when steam supports Aussie dollars- https://www.kotaku.com.au/2018/10/what-to-expect-after-steam-supports-the-aussie-dollar/More info on the Mars rover’s future mission- https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/10/nasas-next-mars-rover-could-explore-former-mineral-springs-and-fossil-river-deltaStromatolite- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StromatoliteInfo about the Jezero crater- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezero_(crater)Gravity the movie- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_(2013_film)The Martian the movie- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Martian_(film)Elon Musk: It’s time to build a Mecha- https://www.businessinsider.com.au/elon-musk-mecha-tweets-time-to-make-giant-anime-robot-2018-10?r=US&IR=TZaku mechas- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZakuAliens vs Predator 2010 game- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aliens_vs._Predator_(2010_video_game)Red dead redemption 2 horses taking a dump- https://www.reddit.com/r/reddeadredemption/comments/9qtsiu/horse_taking_a_shit_leaked_gameplay_spoiler/Cherenkov Radiation- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiationMatthew Riley the Author- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew_ReillyHell Island the book- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hell_IslandJean-Luc Picard bio- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_PicardShoutoutsBirthdays22 Oct 1893 Ernest Julius Öpik, Kunda, Estonian Astronomer and Astrophysicist known for his studies of meteors and the structure and evolution of the cosmos, born in Kunda,Lääne-Viru,Estonia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernst_Öpik23 Oct 1813 - Ludwig Leichhardt, German explorer, most famous for his exploration of northern and central Australia, born in Sabrodt. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Leichhardt23 Oct 1868 - Frederick William Lanchester, English polymath and engineer, inventor of the first British petrol automobile under his automobile company Lanchester Motor Company and also made important contributions to automotive engineering and to aerodynamics, and co-invented the topic of operations research., born in Lewisham, London. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_W._Lanchester23 Oct 1908 - Ilya Frank, was a Soviet winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1958 jointly with Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov and Igor Y. Tamm, also of the Soviet Union. He received the award for his work in explaining the phenomenon of Cherenkov radiation. Born in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilya_Frank23 Oct 1942 - Michael Crichton, was an American author (Andromeda Strain, Congo, Looker), screenwriter, film director and producer best known for his work in the science fiction, thriller, and medical fiction genres, born in Chicago, Illinois - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Crichton23 Oct 1954 - Ang Lee, Taiwanese-born American filmmaker (Brokeback Mountain, Life of Pi) and screenwriter, born in Chaozhou, Pingtung -https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ang_LeeEvents of Interest16 Oct 1950 – 68 years since the release of C.S. Lewis’s book, The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe. It is the first published and best known of seven novels in The Chronicles of Narnia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lion%2C_the_Witch_and_the_Wardrobe23 Oct 1934 – Jeannette Piccard accompanied by her husband Jean Piccard, piloted a hot-air balloon flight that reached 57,579 feet (17,550 km), and became the first woman to fly in the stratosphere. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeannette_Piccard23 Oct 1941 - Walt Disney's animated film "Dumbo" released - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumbo23 Oct 1958 - Soviet novelist Boris Pasternak known as the author of Doctor Zhivago (1957), a novel which takes place between the Russian Revolution of 1905 and the Second World War wins Nobel Prize for Literature. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_PasternakIntroArtist – Goblins from MarsSong Title – Super Mario - Overworld Theme (GFM Trap Remix)Song Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GNMe6kF0j0&index=4&list=PLHmTsVREU3Ar1AJWkimkl6Pux3R5PB-QJFollow us on Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/NerdsAmalgamated/Email - Nerds.Amalgamated@gmail.comTwitter - https://twitter.com/NAmalgamatedSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/6Nux69rftdBeeEXwD8GXrSiTunes - https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/top-shelf-nerds/id1347661094RSS - http://www.thatsnotcanonproductions.com/topshelfnerdspodcast?format=rss

La tertulia semanal en la que repasamos las últimas noticias de la actualidad científica. En el episodio de hoy: Emergencia por fallo en el lanzamiento tripulado de la Soyuz MS-10; Factores X: Los puntos críticos de la economía mundial; La avería del Hubble y el problema de los giróscopos en el espacio; Inaugurado en La Palma el LST-1 de la Red de Telescopios Cherenkov CTA; Recreando el movimiento de los dinosaurios: aplicaciones en robótica y construcción; ¿Ha disminuido la inteligencia de las personas nacidas después de los 70?; Algunos consejos para futuros científicos, pero pocos. En la foto, de arriba a abajo y de izquierda a derecha: Carlos González, Héctor Socas, Alberto Aparici, Sara Robisco. Todos los comentarios vertidos durante la tertulia representan únicamente la opinión de quien los hace… y a veces ni eso. CB:SyR es una colaboración entre el Área de Investigación y la Unidad de Comunicación y Cultura Científica (UC3) del Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias.

La tertulia semanal en la que repasamos las últimas noticias de la actualidad científica. En el episodio de hoy: Emergencia por fallo en el lanzamiento tripulado de la Soyuz MS-10; Factores X: Los puntos críticos de la economía mundial; La avería del Hubble y el problema de los giróscopos en el espacio; Inaugurado en La Palma el LST-1 de la Red de Telescopios Cherenkov CTA; Recreando el movimiento de los dinosaurios: aplicaciones en robótica y construcción; ¿Ha disminuido la inteligencia de las personas nacidas después de los 70?; Algunos consejos para futuros científicos, pero pocos. En la foto, de arriba a abajo y de izquierda a derecha: Carlos González, Héctor Socas, Alberto Aparici, Sara Robisco. Todos los comentarios vertidos durante la tertulia representan únicamente la opinión de quien los hace… y a veces ni eso. CB:SyR es una colaboración entre el Área de Investigación y la Unidad de Comunicación y Cultura Científica (UC3) del Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias.

What are the many sources of light in the universe? Why is a spectrum so important? What’s the difference between synchrotron and Cherenkov radiation? What’s the best word ever in physics? I discuss these questions and more in today’s Ask a Spaceman! Support the show: http://www.patreon.com/pmsutter All episodes: http://www.AskASpaceman.com Follow on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/PaulMattSutter Like on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/PaulMattSutter Watch on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/PaulMSutter Go on an adventure: http://www.AstroTours.co Keep those questions about space, science, astronomy, astrophysics, physics, and cosmology coming to #AskASpaceman for COMPLETE KNOWLEDGE OF TIME AND SPACE! Big thanks to my top Patreon supporters this month: Robert R., Matthew K., Justin G., Kevin O., Chris C., Helge B., Tim R., Neil L., Steve P., Khaled Al T., John W., Chris L., John F., Craig B., Mark R., Dave L., Stephen M., David B., Kirk B., and Steven L.! Music by Jason Grady and Nick Bain. Thanks to WCBE Radio for hosting the recording session, Greg Mobius for producing, and Cathy Rinella for editing. Hosted by Paul M. Sutter, astrophysicist at The Ohio State University, Chief Scientist at COSI Science Center, and the one and only Agent to the Stars (http://www.pmsutter.com).

¿Qué es un neutrino?¿Cuántos tipos de neutrinos existen?¿Qué propiedades posee el neutrino? Todo acerca de esta elusiva partícula, desde los números cuánticos, el spin, cómo detectarlos, cómo crear neutrinos, antimateria, la luz de Cherenkov y más junto al invitado Federico Sánchez, ganador del premio Breakthrough por su contribución al cálculo de la masa del nuetrino y colaborador del equipo que ganó el Premio Nobel.

La tertulia semanal en la que nos echamos unas risas mientras repasamos las últimas noticias de la actualidad científica. En el episodio de hoy: Agujeros Negros Primordiales: ¿Existen? ¿Podrían ser la Materia Oscura?; Rumores sobre Supertelescopios, Superpartículas y Exomars; La Dura Vida del Astrónomo de Soporte; La Radiación Cherenkov y el Megaproyecto CTA: Más de 100 Nuevos Telescopios de Rayos Gamma; Entrevista: Ramón García López. Programa especial grabado y emitido en directo desde los estudios de Ycoden Daute Radio; Conexión en directo con Australia donde @el_lobo_rayado observa en el Telescopio Anglo-Australiano. En la foto, de izquierda a derecha: Narciso Ramos; Héctor Socas; Ángel López Sánchez (por videoconferencia desde Australia). Todos los comentarios vertidos durante la tertulia representan únicamente la opinión de quien los hace… y a veces ni eso.

La tertulia semanal en la que nos echamos unas risas mientras repasamos las últimas noticias de la actualidad científica. En el episodio de hoy: Agujeros Negros Primordiales: ¿Existen? ¿Podrían ser la Materia Oscura?; Rumores sobre Supertelescopios, Superpartículas y Exomars; La Dura Vida del Astrónomo de Soporte; La Radiación Cherenkov y el Megaproyecto CTA: Más de 100 Nuevos Telescopios de Rayos Gamma; Entrevista: Ramón García López. Programa especial grabado y emitido en directo desde los estudios de Ycoden Daute Radio; Conexión en directo con Australia donde @el_lobo_rayado observa en el Telescopio Anglo-Australiano. En la foto, de izquierda a derecha: Narciso Ramos; Héctor Socas; Ángel López Sánchez (por videoconferencia desde Australia). Todos los comentarios vertidos durante la tertulia representan únicamente la opinión de quien los hace… y a veces ni eso.

¿Es posible que el LHC nos de pistas sobre la materia oscura?¿Qué son los rayos cósmicos?¿Estallidos de rayos gama? Conversamos sobre estos mensajeros cósmicos, telescopios de Cherenkov, simetrías, supersimetrias y materia oscura.

David J. Gladstone, ScD, DABMP

In dieser Episode unterhalten wir uns im Stefan Schlenstedt vom DESY über Kosmische (Gamma-)Strahlung und das in der Entwicklung befindliche Cherenkov Telescope Array. In der Episode sprechen wir über die Grundlegende Physik der kosmischen Strahlung, welche Forschungsziele mit Gammastrahlenobservatorien verfolgt werden sowie die Herausforderungen bei der Entwicklung des CTA.

AstronomyCast 289: Cherenkov Radiation, by Fraser Cain & Dr. Pamela Gay

Nikolái Vavílov organizó varias expediciones para recolectar semillas por todo el planeta, y creó en Leningrado la mayor colección del mundo, formada por un cuarto de millón de semillas, raíces y frutos. En 1941, acusado de la destrucción de la agricultura soviética, Stalin lo condenó a muerte, la pena no llegó a ejecutarse pero murió en la prisión de Saratov en 1943. Tras la muerte de Stalin, la condena fue anulada y Nikolái fue aclamado como héroe de la ciencia soviética. Su hermano Serguéi, fundó la escuela soviética de óptica física y en 1934 descubrió, junto con su estudiante de doctorado Pável Cherenkov, la radiación de Vavílov-Cherenkov, el equivalente electromagnético del estampido sónico que se produce cuando un objeto rebasa la velocidad del sonido.

Loading a water Cherenkov detector with a water soluble gadolinium compound makes possible the detection of thermal neutrons, dramatically improving such an enhanced detector's sensitivity to anti-neutrinos fluxes from both nuclear reactors and supernova explosions. But how can the Gd-loaded water be continuously repurified, maintaining its excellent optical properties, without also removing the dissolved gadolinium? A new technology - the molecular band-pass filter - has recently been developed and is currently being industrialized. The zen and the art of Gd-loaded water - including some of the more entertaining bumps encountered along the way to a viable system - will be discussed by the inventor of this technology.

This week Dr Karl is in the back of a car speeding north to a book signing. Undaunted, and slightly truncated, the good doctor offers his thoughts on Cherenkov radiation, cold fusion and neutrinos travelling faster than light.

Estimados miembros de nuestra comunidad Cinvestav: Hace dos años, en diciembre de 2006, la Lic. Josefina Vázquez Mota me tomó protesta como Director General del Cinvestav. En la ceremonia correspondiente, estuvieron presentes muchos de ustedes. Ahí me comprometí a trabajar por el Cinvestav. Desde entonces y a lo largo de estos dos años, que marcan la mitad del camino en la encomienda que recibí, he tenido el apoyo decidido de la comunidad, el cual en esta ocasión quiero agradecer. Gracias a ese apoyo y al de mi equipo de colaboradores, el cual ha sido oportuno y solidario, hemos podido iniciar proyectos importantes y generar las bases para abordar nuevos procesos. Es momento de mirar hacia delante y tener presentes los retos que será necesario afrontar como institución y como país. Mirar hacia el futuro de manera ordenada es una tarea de planeación. Al inicio de esta administración nos planteamos un amplio proceso de planeación estratégica que dio inicio en 2008 y en el cual participaron amplios sectores de la institución. El ejercicio nos ha permitido plantear estrategias de mediano y largo plazo que guíen nuestro desarrollo institucional. El Cinvestav es una institución de vanguardia en el desarrollo de la ciencia en México, tiene la responsabilidad de ofrecer nuevos horizontes y modelos de desarrollo científico-tecnológico, es claro que se requiere mayor articulación internacional de nuestro trabajo al tiempo que es fundamental entrar en un modelo de mayor desarrollo de las temáticas interdisciplinarias. La vinculación con los entornos locales y los problemas nacionales es una forma de cooperación interinstitucional y de relación con la sociedad. Estamos terminando un año de intenso trabajo, hemos logrado juntos que el Cinvestav continúe siendo reconocido por sus logros y el impacto científico, académico y social de su trabajo. Con agrado y satisfacción, en este cierre de 2008, quiero expresar mi felicitación a la comunidad del Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados por su esfuerzo meritorio e importantes realizaciones en todos los ámbitos propios de la institución. No tengo duda que con la participación, el compromiso y el entusiasmo de todos ustedes, habremos de afrontar con éxito la situación de incertidumbre en la economía mundial que desde hace meses hemos estado viviendo. No hay peor crisis que la que nos inmoviliza, es tiempo de redoblar esfuerzos y así continuar realizando nuestro trabajo con el gusto, capacidad y profesionalismo que caracteriza a todos los que integramos la comunidad Cinvestav. Finalmente, les expreso mis parabienes con motivo del fin de año y mis mejores deseos para el próximo. Que sea un buen año para la institución y en lo personal para cada uno de los miembros de la comunidad. Muchas felicidades y ¡Feliz Año Nuevo! Dr. René Asomoza Palacio Director General del Cinvestav FIRMAN CONVENIO DE COLABORACION CINVESTAV Y SECRETARÍA DE SALUD El Secretario de Salud, Dr. José Ángel Córdova Villalobos y el Director General del Cinvestav, Dr, René Asomoza Palacio, firmaron el pasado 8 de diciembre un Convenio General de Colaboración encaminado a unir esfuerzos para crear estrategias preventivas y curativos en el campo de la medicina. Durante la ceremonia celebrada en la Sala del Consejo Nacional de Salud de la Secretaría de Salud (SSa), el Dr. René Asomoza Palacio, hizo énfasis en que este convenio se convierte en una excelente oportunidad para unir la investigación básica con la clínica, en beneficio de la población mexicana. Ante investigadores y funcionarios de la SSa y del Cinvestav, el Dr. René Asomoza resaltó que la colaboración entre ambas instituciones lleva varios años; sin embargo, a partir de la firma de este convenio, dijo, se busca que la cooperación se haga de manera regular. En su oportunidad, el secretario de salud, Dr. José Ángel Córdoba Villalobos, afirmó que el impacto que ha tenido Cinvestav en el campo de la investigación científica es superior a la otras instituciones mexicanas, como la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana y el mismo Instituto Politécnico Nacional. “La calidad de sus programas son similares a los que tienes las mejores universidades del mundo, como la de Harvard, el Instituto Tecnológico de Massachussets y la Universidad de Texas”. El secretario de salud indicó que este convenio pone las bases y mecanismos de colaboración en áreas de interés, ya sea para la impartición de cursos, asesoría, intercambio de personal académico o estudiantil e incluso desarrollo de investigación y materiales educativos. En su intervención, el Dr. Marco Antonio Meraz, Secretario de Planeación del Cinvestav, señaló el desarrollo de vacunas, en particular la del dengue; la salud ambiental, y la investigación básica en drogas de abuso, como proyectos potenciales a desarrollar de manera conjunta. CINVESTAV PARTICIPA EN EL OBSERVATORIO PIERRE AUGER El pasado 15 de noviembre fue inaugurado en Malargüe, una localidad del suroeste de la provincia de Mendoza, Argentina, el Observatorio Pierre Auger, el mayor experimento mundial para el estudio de los rayos cósmicos, donde el Cinvestav participa activamente desde 1995. “Al principio el investigadores del Cinvestav participaron en el diseño de uno de los dos tipos de detectores, el denominado Cherenkov de agua. Más tarde se trabajó en la formulación de modelos teóricos de producción de rayos cósmicos ultraenergéticos y en el análisis de las interacciones nucleares que produce el rayo cósmico en su paso por la atmósfera.”, comentó el Dr. Arnulfo Zepeda Domínguez, investigador del Cinvestav, adscrito al Departamento de Física De acuerdo con el Dr. Zepeda Domínguez, los objetivos del Observatorio Pierre Auger son: “detectar un número grande, estadísticamente significativo, de rayos cósmicos de la más alta energía, determinar su dirección de llegada, así como el tipo de partícula que llega y establecer una nueva ventana al universo: la astronomía con partículas cargadas”. En el Observatorio Pierre Auger, participan alrededor de 400 investigadores de 40 instituciones, localizadas en 17 países, y cuyo costo asciende a cerca de 53 millones de dólares. En México además del Cinvestav participan la Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla y la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás Hidalgo. El proyecto es encabezado por el Premio Nobel de Física 1980, Jim Cronin.

Blazars, a subclass of active galactic nuclei in which the jet is aligned very close to our line of sight, can accelerate charged particles to relativistic energies in the jet. Electromagnetic emission from this class of sources can be observed from radio up to TeV energies. The MAGIC telescope is an Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope with a 17-m diameter dish, located on the Canary Island of La Palma, in operation for exploring a new window of very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray bands, above 50 GeV. Searching for new VHE gamma-ray blazars, BL Lacertae was observed with the MAGIC telescope in 2005 and 2006. A VHE gamma-ray signal was discovered with a 5.1 sigma excess in the 2005 data. This discovery established a new class of VHE gamma-ray emitters, "low-frequency peaked BL Lac objects". On the other hand, the 2006 data showed no significant excess. This drop in flux followed the observed trend in the optical activity. The MAGIC telescope continuously observed the bright known blazars Mkn501, 1ES1959+650 and Mkn421. In particular, extensive simultaneous multiwavelength observations with the MAGIC telescope and the X-ray Satellite Suzaku were carried out for Mkn501 in July 2006 and for 1ES1959+650 in May 2006. VHE gamma-ray signals from about 100 GeV to a few TeV were clearly detected. For the first time, the VHE gamma-ray spectra were simultaneously obtained with the X-ray spectra during their low states of activity. Long term observations of Mkn421 in 2006 showed a strong variability in VHE gamma-ray emission. The spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of these four blazars could be well explained by a homogeneous one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model. This model suggests that the variation of the injected electron population in the jet is responsible for observed variations of the SEDs of the blazars. For all sources, the derived magnetic field strength in the jet and the Doppler beaming factor showed similar values. A contribution on the hardware sector is also presented in this thesis. For further lowering energy threshold in the MAGIC project, a new type of photosensor, "HPDs with an 18-mm diameter GaAsP photocathode", were developed. A quantum efficiency of the photocathode could reach over 50 %. Compared to the PMTs currently used in MAGIC, the new photosensors would improve the overall Cherenkov photon conversion efficiency by a factor of 2. Other performance values including lifetime also fulfilled the requirements of photosensors to be used in the MAGIC telescope.

One of the most important 'messengers' of many high energy phenomena in our universe are gamma-rays. The detection of very high energy (VHE) cosmic gamma-radiation by ground-based Cherenkov telescopes has opened a new window to the Universe, called gamma-ray astronomy. It is a rapidly expanding field with a wealth of new results, particularly during the last two years, due to the high sensitivity of a new generation of instruments. The major scientific objective of gamma-ray astronomy is the understanding of the production, acceleration and reaction mechanisms of very high energy particles in astronomical objects. This is tightly linked to the search for sources of the cosmic rays. The MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov) telescope is one of the new generation of Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) for VHE gamma-ray astronomy. With its 17 m diameter mirror the MAGIC telescope is today the largest operating single-dish IACT. It is located on the Canary Island La Palma (28.8 deg. N, $17.8 deg. W, 2200 m asl.). Recently, eight new galactic VHE gamma-ray sources were detected by the HESS collaboration. They have either no or very weak counter-parts in other wavelengths. This makes them ideal candidates for accelerators of hadronic cosmic rays. The Galactic Center was also found to be a source of VHE gamma-rays by various groups. However, the reported spectra differed significantly such that the nature of the source could not yet be identified.In this thesis, observations of three galactic sources of VHE gamma-rays with the MAGIC telescope are discussed: the source at the Galactic Center and two sources in the galactic disc HESS J1813-178 and HESS J1834-087. The positions, extensions, morphologies and the differential fluxes of these sources are presented using the data from the MAGIC telescope, and possible flux variations with time are studied. To identify the gamma-ray production mechanism and the nature of the sources, the gamma-ray sources are related to possible counter-parts in other wavelength bands. For HESS J1813-178, leptonic and hadronic models for the multiwavelength emission are developed and compared to the data to identify the physical processes at work in the source. The source at the Galactic Center is shown to be a stable emitter of VHE gamma-rays, and the implications for the source models are discussed. As these sources are located in the southern sky and can only be observed under large zenith angles with the MAGIC telescope, suitable observation and analysis procedures for large zenith angles had to be developed. In order to achieve the best possible background determination, the sources were observed in the off-source tracking observation mode. To further increase the sensitivity of the MAGIC telescope, new ultra-fast read-out electronics components have been developed as an upgrade project for the MAGIC telescope. The performance of the new system is evaluated based on prototype tests in the MAGIC telescope at La Palma. The production, tests, and installation on the MAGIC telescope of a full-scale read-out system are described.