Podcasts about tmdl

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Best podcasts about tmdl

Latest podcast episodes about tmdl

Explicit Measures Podcast
424: TMDL & VSCode

Explicit Measures Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later May 15, 2025 63:27


Mike & Tommy discuss their best use cases of TMDL, Semantic Models, and VS Code.Get in touch:Send in your questions or topics you want us to discuss by tweeting to @PowerBITips with the hashtag #empMailbag or submit on the PowerBI.tips Podcast Page.Visit PowerBI.tips: https://powerbi.tips/Watch the episodes live every Tuesday and Thursday morning at 730am CST on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/powerbitipsSubscribe on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/230fp78XmHHRXTiYICRLVvSubscribe on Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/explicit-measures-podcast/id1568944083‎Check Out Community Jam: https://jam.powerbi.tipsFollow Mike: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michaelcarlo/Follow Seth: https://www.linkedin.com/in/seth-bauer/Follow Tommy: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tommypuglia/

BIFocal - Clarifying Business Intelligence
Episode 291 - Power BI March 2025 Feature Summary

BIFocal - Clarifying Business Intelligence

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 15, 2025 42:34


This is episode 291 recorded on April 11th, 2025 where John & Jason talk the Microsoft Power BI March 2025 Feature Summary including Desktop start-up performance improvements, Copilot improvements, cool stuff with PBIP & TMDL, and lots of modeling improvements.

BIFocal - Clarifying Business Intelligence
Episode 286 - Power BI January 2025 Feature Summary

BIFocal - Clarifying Business Intelligence

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 18, 2025 29:07


This is episode 286 recorded on March 12th, 2025 where John & Jason talk the Microsoft Fabric January 2025 Feature Summary, specifically the Power BI section, including Storytelling updates for the PowerPoint Add-in, Semantic Model version history,  TMDL view in Power BI Desktop, and more.

Dairy Stream
Data-driven sustainably efforts across 100,193 acres

Dairy Stream

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 26, 2025 36:37


Farmers in the Upper Midwest are utilizing actionable data to make informed decisions about the conservation practices implemented on their farms. Results from the first year of a five-year effort through the Farmers for Sustainable Food Climate-Smart Program showed that these sustainable farming practices are achieving positive environmental outcomes. Dairy Stream host, Joanna Guza, and guests, Drew Kessler and Michael Crinion, discuss the following topics:  Using actionable data to make informed conservation decisions How the conservation efforts are analyzed What conservations practices are the most popular Conservation efforts making economic sense Most impressive part of the program Challenges Resources Data becoming a currency What next in the space of data-driven sustainability efforts Special thanks to Farmers for Sustainable Food for sponsoring this episode. About the guests Drew Kessler — a seasoned Scientist and Principal at Houston Engineering, Inc. (HEI)—is a leading expert in water resources management and agricultural sustainability. With nearly two decades of experience, including a decade at HEI, Drew has dedicated his career to bridging the gap between environmental science and agricultural practices. His expertise in water quality, wildlife ecology, and TMDL processes has made him a valuable asset to farmers, food supply chains, and policymakers alike. Drew's ability to translate complex scientific information into actionable insights has fostered collaboration and positive outcomes for agricultural working lands.  Michael Crinion — a rural entrepreneur with extensive knowledge of dairy, beef, sheep, and poultry enterprises, as well as experience in implementing ISOs and HACCP protocols. Having grown up on a farm in Ireland, Crinion moved to Brookings, SD, in 2004 to extend his farming operations. He serves as the Managing Partner of Ash Grove Dairy, a 2,100-cow cross-ventilated dairy operation in Lake Benton, MN, and is the CEO of BioHydrogen LLC, which transforms waste streams into a sustainable and renewable hydrogen energy. In addition to his role as a Board Member with Edge Dairy Farmer Cooperative, Crinion is the 2024 Chair of U.S. Farmers & Ranchers in Action.  Resources Farmers for Sustainable Food Climate-Smart Program Farmers for Sustainable Food Resources Press release on year-one results Contact Farmers for Sustainable Food staff Compeer Financial is proud partner of Dairy Stream.  Learn more about Dairy Stream sponsorship. This podcast is produced by the Voice of Milk, a collaboration of individual dairy organizations working to improve the future of dairy farm families. Become a sponsor, share an idea or feedback by emailing podcast@dairyforward.com. 

Explicit Measures Podcast
396: Macros or TMDL? Power BI's new Code vs. C# Scripting

Explicit Measures Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 7, 2025 55:57


Mike & Tommy consider the current state of automation and enterprise level tooling and if they can live together. Get in touch: Send in your questions or topics you want us to discuss by tweeting to @PowerBITips with the hashtag #empMailbag or submit on the PowerBI.tips Podcast Page. Visit PowerBI.tips: https://powerbi.tips/ Watch the episodes live every Tuesday and Thursday morning at 730am CST on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/powerbitips Subscribe on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/230fp78XmHHRXTiYICRLVv Subscribe on Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/explicit-measures-podcast/id1568944083‎ Check Out Community Jam: https://jam.powerbi.tips Follow Mike: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michaelcarlo/ Follow Seth: https://www.linkedin.com/in/seth-bauer/ Follow Tommy: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tommypuglia/

BI or DIE
Von Core Visuals über TMDL zu Pro-Dev | Power BI & Fabric Quarterly mit Gabi Münster

BI or DIE

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 2, 2025 45:58


Im aktuellen Power BI Quarterly sprechen Gabi und Artur viel über kürzlich stattgefundene und kommende Events, aber natürlich auch über die Features und Updates für Power BI und Microsoft Fabric der letzten Monate. Während Artur sich über vorhandene und angekündigte Updates bei Dataflows freut und die in den letzten Monaten dank DAX Query View, Developer Mode und Direct Lake Bearbeitung in Power BI Desktop stark verbesserte Entwickler-Experience lobt, gibt Gabi einen Einblick in die Gesamtstrategie mit DevOps, Copilot, Integrationen mit anderen Anbietern und Security-Funktionen. Besonders erwähnenswerte Updates waren: • der Dark Mode in Power BI • DAX Query View als Editor • Direct Lake Modelle in Power BI Desktop • Developer Mode • Semantic Link Labs • Git-Integration: bald auch für Dataflows Gen2 • Integrationen mit SAP, Databricks und Snowflake • Copyjob in Fabric, Fast Copy und Incremental Refresh • Copilot Updates • Die Entwicklung der Monitoring-Funktionen mit FUAM und einem Ausblick auf die nächsten Monate Zukünftige Events wurden auch erwähnt: • Data Platform Conference Switzerland in Zurüch am 25.10.2014 mit Vorträgen von Gabi und Artur • datamonster.io SQL-Konferenz in Hanau, diesmal wieder im Februar: 24-16.02.2025 • Level Up your Power BI am 12.-14.03.2025 in Köln • Fabcon Europe am 15.-18.09.2025 in Wien

The Clean Water Pod
City of Boise Reaps Savings Offsetting Phosphorus Pollution at Idaho's Dixie Drain Facility

The Clean Water Pod

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 4, 2024 57:15


Host Jeff Berckes speaks with water professionals from the Idaho Department of Environmental Quality and the City of Boise about their creative approach to the Lower Boise River Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) for nutrients. The City of Boise found an atypical way to meet pollutant reductions identified in the TMDL 40 miles downstream from the wastewater treatment facilities. The location of the Dixie Drain Phosphorus Removal Facility provides a unique opportunity to offset phosphorus inputs to the river system from multiple sources. Instead of more expensive treatment at the wastewater plants, the downstream facility maximizes phosphorus removal from sources along the river's corridor.   About our guests:  Troy Smith is the Wastewater Compliance Bureau chief at the Idaho Department of Environmental Quality.  Lauri Monnot serves as the Idaho Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Program (IPDES) municipal permit writer with the Idaho Department of Environmental Quality.  Haley Falconer is the senior manager of Water Renewal Programs with the City of Boise, Idaho.  Kate Harris is the Water Quality Programs manager for the City of Boise, Idaho.   

The Civil Engineering Academy Podcast
The Key Differences Between the WRE and the Environmental PE with Matt Fanghella

The Civil Engineering Academy Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 21, 2024 27:28


PE Water Resources vs. PE Environmental Exam: what's the difference? Even better, if you work in any of these two fields…which one do you take if they overlap quite a bit?

The Clean Water Pod
Pinpointing Statewide Bacteria TMDL Solutions in Iowa Lakes

The Clean Water Pod

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 8, 2024 56:20


Iowa is home to many lakeside beaches created to provide recreational opportunities for residents and visitors. Sand deposited at the water's edge for public access was found to behave differently than the rest of the lake environment, harboring potentially harmful bacteria concentrations during the summer months when beach going is most popular. In this episode, listen to how watershed improvement professionals from the Iowa Department of Natural Resources, including host Jeff Berckes, adjusted their monitoring approach and found creative ways to diagnose and improve water quality at beaches across the state. About our guest: Jason Palmer is a Natural Resource Biologist with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Water Quality Improvements Section.

Legal with Leah
Legal With Leah - Ohio Agriculture Involved In TMDL Lawsuit

Legal with Leah

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 25, 2024 5:22


There is yet another lawsuit about the health of Lake Erie and targeting farmers about their role in water quality for the Western Lake Erie Basin. Find out more about the case and why Ohio agriculture groups are getting involved on this Legal with Leah.

The Clean Water Pod
Protecting Clean Water in New Mexico's Rio Hondo

The Clean Water Pod

Play Episode Listen Later May 31, 2024 56:00


In northern New Mexico, the Rio Hondo is an important ecological, recreational and cultural waterway that winds through Taos Ski Valley. In this episode, host Jeff Berckes speaks with a state agency representative as well as the deputy director of a nonprofit organization focused on water quality. They discuss how the Rio Hondo was successfully delisted from the impaired waters list and a protective TMDL was established, as well as its designation as an Outstanding Natural Resource Waters (ONRW), and the role of local communities and citizen scientists in the process.  About our guests: Shelly Lemon is the bureau chief of the Surface Water Quality Bureau in the New Mexico Environment Department. Rachel Conn serves as the deputy director of Amigos Bravos, a nonprofit water conservation organization in New Mexico.   #RioHondo #ONRW #WaterQuality #CleanWaterPod

BIFocal - Clarifying Business Intelligence
Episode 274 - Power BI February 2024 Feature Summary

BIFocal - Clarifying Business Intelligence

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 20, 2024 34:34


This is episode 274 recorded on March 19th, 2024 where John & Jason talk the Power BI February 2024 Feature Summary including updates to Visual Cals, Power BI Home, Measure descriptions with Copilot, Data overview in Explore, and TMDL in Power BI Desktop Developer Mode.

Explicit Measures Podcast
298: TMDL & The Future of Development

Explicit Measures Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 5, 2024 53:56


Mike, Seth, & Tommy discuss the developments and updates to TMDL in Power BI project development and what it means to Power BI Pro's. Get in touch: Send in your questions or topics you want us to discuss by tweeting to @PowerBITips with the hashtag #empMailbag or submit on the PowerBI.tips Podcast Page. Visit PowerBI.tips: https://powerbi.tips/ Watch the episodes live every Tuesday and Thursday morning at 730am CST on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/powerbitips Subscribe on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/230fp78XmHHRXTiYICRLVv Subscribe on Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/explicit-measures-podcast/id1568944083‎ Check Out Community Jam: https://jam.powerbi.tips Follow Mike: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michaelcarlo/ Follow Seth: https://www.linkedin.com/in/seth-bauer/ Follow Tommy: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tommypuglia/

Virginia Water Radio
Episode 674 (2-5-24): Closing Out 14 Years of Regular Virginia Water Radio Episodes

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 7, 2024


Click to listen to episode (9:16). Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImageSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 2-1-24. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of February 5 and February 12, 2024. MUSIC – ~35 sec – lyrics: “We are on a ship, a great big ship.  It takes all of us to take of it.  And we can use the stars to navigate our trip.  We are riding on a ship.” That's the closing of “On a Ship,” by Blacksburg, Va., singer-songwriter Kat Mills.  Since January 2010, Virginia Water Radio has been bringing you sounds, music, and information about the watery nature of the good ship Earth, particularly the waters of the Commonwealth of Virginia.  With the recent passage of Water Radio's 14th anniversary, this will be the show's last regularly scheduled episode.  Water Radio may return from time to time with special-project episodes; if so, I hope you'll be able to have a listen. To mark the transition away from regular episodes, I've invited several guests to call out the range of topics that Water Radio has aimed to explore.  Have a listen for about 45 seconds to their voices, interspersed with some favorite sounds, of birds, the spokesman for traditional fishing boat singers, children, a rolling river, and rumbling thunder. VOICES AND SOUNDS - ~41 sec VOICE 1 - Water in the biology of humans, birds, frogs, plants, and other living things.  SOUND 1 - Little Blue Heron fishing, plus sounds of Red-winged Blackbirds.       VOICE 2 - Water-related history and cultural expression.  SOUND 2 – Spokesman for Northern Neck Chantey Singers saying, “We are the Northern Neck Chantey Singers.” VOICE 3 - Water laws and policies, management and uses, and people.  SOUND 3 – Group of children and adults calling out “Take a kid to a park!” VOICE - Groundwater, surface water, and watersheds.  SOUND 4 – South Fork Roanoke River in Montgomery County, Va.     VOICE - Water science, water research, and weather.  SOUND 5 – Thunderstorm. Along with its focus on water-related sounds, much of Water Radio's vitality has come from music about water, with either the music or the musicians having a Virginia connection.  Several groups and individuals have graciously allowed frequent use of their songs.  Those include Kat Mills, whose song “On a Ship” you heard earlier; Ben Cosgrove and Stewart Scales, whose versions of “Shenandoah” and “Cripple Creek,” respectively, open and close alternating episodes; and the following artists, whom you'll hear in an upcoming medley: the late Madeline MacNeil, with “New Spring Waltz”;Timothy Seaman, with “Bass Fisherman's Reel”;Torrin Hallett, with “Tropical Tantrum”;Andrew and Noah VanNorstrand, with “Samuel Mason.”Chamomile and Whiskey, with “Dirty Sea”;The Steel Wheels, with “Valley”;No Strings Attached, with “Kartune”; andBob Gramann, with “Rappahannock Running Free.” Have a listen for a little over three minutes. MUSIC - ~3 min./15 sec. “New Spring Waltz.” - ~ 23 sec – instrumental. “Bass Fisherman's Reel - ~20 sec – instrumental. “Tropical Tantrum” - ~27 sec – instrumental. “Samuel Mason” - ~24 sec – lyrics: “Samuel Mason, that is my name.  I left Fort Henry seeking fortune and fame.  I came from Virginia a long time ago, but now I am a pirate along the Ohio.” “Dirty Sea” - ~18 sec – instrumental. “Valley” - ~41 sec – lyrics: “These mountains have been here for centuries.  There's stories in the water, something if you're listening; what kind of stories do you wanna see?  ‘Cause I wanna go where the wind don't blow; take me down to the valley.  I wanna go where the wind don't blow; take me out tonight.” “Kartune” - ~19 sec – instrumental. “Rappahannock Running Free” - ~23 sec – lyrics: “I love the Rappahannock, and its water running free; in the rapids of this river, that's where I want to be.   I love the Rappahannock, and its waters running free; in the rapids of this river, that's where I'll always be.” Thanks to all the musicians, sounds sources, and collaborators who contributed to this episode and to the previous 673 episodes.  Thanks also to radio stations WEHC at Emory and Henry College, and WVRU at Radford University, for carrying the show on air each week. We close Water Radio's regular-episode era with one more musical selection.  Here's about 1 minute/20 seconds of John McCutcheon's “Water from Another Time,” a song rich in water imagery, fine music, and valuable words.  Here's to that. MUSIC - ~77 sec – lyrics: “New-born cry in the morning air, the past and the future are wedded there; in this wellspring of my sons and daughters, the bone and blood of living water.  And of Grandpa's hands have gone to dust, like Grandma's pump reduced to rust.  Their stories quench my soul and mind, like water from another time.  You don't take much but you gotta have some; the old ways help, the new ways come; just leave a little extra for the next in line, they're gonna need a little water from another time.  You don't take much but you gotta have some; the old ways help, the new ways come; just leave a little extra for the next in line, they're gonna need a little water from another time.  Gonna need a little water, need a little water, need a little water, gonna need a little water from another time.” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks to Patrick Fay for helping create Virginia Water Radio in 2010. The guest voices in this episode were recorded by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg, Va., during the last week of January 2024.  Thanks to the those five people for lending their voices to this episode. The sounds heard in this episode were as follows. Sound 1: Little Blue Heron fishing, plus Red-winged Blackbirds.  These sounds were from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Digital Library, online at http://digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/; this recording specifically is online at https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/audio/id/55/rec/56.  These sounds were used previously in Episode 478, 6-24-19, on the Little Blue Heron. Sound 2: Spokesman introducing the Northern Neck Chantey Singers.  This audio was taken from from a video of the group's September 11, 2011, performance at the Virginia Folklife Apprenticeship Showcase in Charlottesville, Va.; used with permission of Virginia Humanities (formerly the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities), located in Charlottesville and online at https://virginiahumanities.org/.  The full performance video is available online at https://www.virginiafolklife.org/sights-sounds/northern-neck-chantey-singers-and-lewis-r-blackwell-jr/.  Additional information from Virginia Humanities about the Northern Neck Chantey Singers and the Northern Neck of Virginia is available in the January 2024 article, “From Generation to Generation: Reedville Fishermen's Museum.”  These sounds were used previously in Episode 635, 8-29-22, on Virginia Menhaden fishing. Sound 3: Group of children and adults calling out “Take a kid to a park!”  This was recorded by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg, Va., on May 12, 2013.  This sound was used previously in Episode 655, 5-15-23, on Virginia state parks. Sound 4: South Fork Roanoke River near Elliston, Va. (Montgomery County).  This was recorded by Virginia Water Radio on August 23, 2012.  This sound was used previously in Episode 363, 4-10-17, on stream insects. Sound 5: Thunderstorm.  This was recorded by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg, Va., on April 20, 2015, 9 p.m.  This sound was used previously in Episode 568, 3-15-21, on Virginia's annual springtime tornado drill. The musicians and music heard in this episode were as follows (in the order heard); all music used with permission.  For each song, the most recent previous Virginia Water Radio episode using the music are listed; many of the songs have been used previously several times, and other music be each of the artists has been featured in many Water Radio episodes. Kat Mills, “On a Ship,” from the 2015 album “Silver.”  More information about Kat Mills is available online at http://www.katmills.com/.  This music was used previously in Episode 651, 3-20-23. Madeline MacNeil, “New Spring Waltz, ” from the 2002 album “Songs of Earth & Sea.”  More information about the late Madeline MacNeil is available from Janita Baker's “Blue Lion Dulcimers & Guitars” Web site, online at https://www.bluelioninstruments.com/Maddie.html.  This music was used previously in Episode 627, 5-9-22, on spring songbirds nesting near water. Timothy Seaman, “Bass Fisherman's Reel,” from the 2004 album “Virginia Wildlife.”  More information about Timothy Seaman is available online at https://timothyseaman.com/en/.  This music was used previously in Episode 590, 8-16-21, on the rescue of an osprey caught in fishing line. Torrin Hallett, “Tropical Tantrum,” composed in 2017.  More information about Torrin Hallett is available online at https://www.facebook.com/torrin.hallett.  Thanks very much to Torrin for composing the piece especially for Virginia Water Radio.  This music was used previously in Episode 656, 5-29-23, a preview of the 2023 Atlantic tropical cyclone season. Andrew and Noah VanNorstrand, “Samuel Mason,” from the 2010 album “All the Good Summers.”  More information about Andrew and Noah VanNorstrand is available online at https://andrewandnoah.bandcamp.com/.  This music was used previously in Episode 491, 9-23-19, on Samuel Mason and on piracy historically and in modern times. Chamomile and Whiskey, “Dirty Sea,” from the 2013 album “Wandering Boots.”  More information about Chamomile and Whiskey is available online at http://www.chamomileandwhiskey.com/.  This music was used previously in Episode 584, 7-5-21, on Operation Dry Water. The Steel Wheels, “Valley,” from the 2010 album “Red Wing.”  More information about The Steel Wheels is available online at http://www.thesteelwheels.com/.  This music was used previously in Episode 355, 2-13-17, on Abraham Lincoln's family roots in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley. No Strings Attached, “Kartune,” from the 1992 album “Blue Roses.”  More information about No Strings Attached—a long-time Blacksburg- and Roanoke-based band which is no longer performing—is available online at http://www.enessay.com/index.html.  This music was used previously in Episode 555, 12-14-20, on water-related jokes. Bob Gramann, “Rappahannock Running Free,” from the 2008 album, “Mostly Live.”  More information about Bob Gramann is available online at http://www.bobgramann.com/.  This music was used previously in Episode 589, 8-9-21. John McCutcheon, “Water from Another Time,” from the 1987 album “Gonna Rise Again.”  More information on John McCutcheon is available online at http://www.folkmusic.com/.  This music was used previously in Episode 142, 12-31-12. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGE Diagram of the water cycle (also called the hydrologic cycle), from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), “Water Science School/Water Cycle Diagrams,” online at https://www.usgs.gov/special-topics/water-science-school/science/water-cycle-diagrams, 2-7-24. SOURCES Please see the show notes for individual episodes of Virginia Water Radio for sources of information on many water-related topics. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html). Links are provided above in the Acknowledgments section to previous episodes using the sounds or music heard in this current episode. Following are links to some milestone episodes.

music university earth education voice college water state land sound research zoom tech government ohio songs environment normal natural va humans dark rain web ocean sea valley atlantic museum snow citizens agency silver stream regular grandma priority ship whiskey environmental bay grade resource abraham lincoln commonwealth processes humanities signature pond charlottesville reel virginia tech scales atlantic ocean accent arial compatibility colorful roanoke sections thunderstorms aquatic watershed times new roman chesapeake montgomery county policymakers acknowledgment new standard no strings attached earth sciences shenandoah spokesman diagram blacksburg groundwater blackbirds sols chamomile stormwater cambria math another time style definitions worddocument radford university bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority qformat lsdexception locked semihidden unhidewhenused cripple creek latentstyles table normal name revision name bibliography grades k steel wheels cumberland gap john mccutcheon msohyperlink torrin rappahannock light accent dark accent colorful accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web fort henry virginia foundation name mention name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl operation dry water water center 20image wehc
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 673 (1-22-24): Taking an Underwater Dive, Featuring "Scuba Dive" by Kat Mills

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 22, 2024


Click to listen to episode (4:33). Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 1-19-24. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the week of January 22, 2024.  This is a revised version of an episode from January 2016. MUSIC – ~9 sec – instrumental. In this episode, we use music by a Blacksburg, Va., singer-songwriter to help us dive underwater.  Have a listen for about 55 seconds. MUSIC - ~54 sec – Lyrics:   “Endless water calls to you.  Falling backward into blue.  Lovers breathing, adapting, reaching, receiving.  Bubbles lifting, creatures sweeping into view; you're an alien at sea.  Scuba dive; scuba dive.” You've been listening to part of “Scuba Dive,” by Kat Mills, on the 2015 album “Silver.”  Ms. Mills' lyrics use the challenges and thrills of underwater diving as metaphors for exploration and trust in human relationships. While human interactions can be quite unpredictable, the main challenges of the underwater environment come from several predictable physical, chemical, and biological properties of deep water.  Water's density affects vision and hearing underwater.  Buoyancy—resulting from the density of a submerged object compared to the density of the surrounding water—must be adjusted for moving up or down.  Movement is also affected by the frictional resistance of water, or drag.  Pressure from the weight of the water affects a diver's lungs, sinuses, and ears, as well as the levels of oxygen, nitrogen, and other gases dissolved in the water and in one's blood.  Temperature affects dissolved gases, too, along with presenting a body-heat challenge.  Divers can become partially dehydrated through breathing dehumidified compressed air.  And dangerous aquatic organisms may await.  Adapting to those challenges through underwater breathing devices, other equipment, training, and experience allows divers to enjoy the exhilaration of feeling weightless, seeing fascinating creatures, and exploring worlds most humans never see. Add in some trust and overcoming of one's fears, and people continue to fall backwards into endless blue water, literally and figuratively. Thanks to Kat Mills for permission to use this episode's music, and we close with about 30 more seconds of “Scuba Dive.” MUSIC - ~30 sec – Lyrics: “Scuba dive.” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Virginia Water Radio episode revises and replaces Episode 299, 1-18-16.Scuba (also written SCUBA and S.C.U.B.A.) is an abbreviation for “self-contained underwater breathing apparatus.”  For information on this abbreviation, see Underwater Kinetics, “What does SCUBA stand for?  Plus other diving acronyms,” December 19, 2019, online at https://uwk.com/blogs/scuba-guide/diving-acronyms. “Scuba Dive,” from the 2015 album “Silver,” is copyright by Kat Mills; used with permission.  More information about Kat Mills is available online at https://katmills.com/home. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGES Diver among a school of fish in Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary, Oct. 13, 2010.  Photo by G.P. Schmahl, sanctuary superintendent, courtesy of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Marine Sanctuaries Media Library, accessed online at https://www.flickr.com/photos/noaaphotolib/5077887899, 1-18-24.Divers for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), location and date not identified.  Photo from NOAA, “NOAA Diving Program Training,” accessed online at https://www.omao.noaa.gov/ndp/noaa-diving-program-training, 1-18-24.  SOURCES Used for Audio Dennis K. Graver, Scuba Diving - Second Edition, Human Kinetics, Champaign, Illinois, 1999.For More Information Physical and Chemical Properties of Water U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Science School, “Water Properties Information by Topic,” online at http://water.usgs.gov/edu/waterproperties.html. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Science” subject category. Following are links to some other episodes on chemical or physical properties relevant to the underwater environment. Buoyancy – Episode 483, 7-29-19. Density – Episode 255, 3-2-15; Episode 483, 7-29-19 (in buoyancy). Dissolved Oxygen – Episode 333, 9-12-16. Water thermodynamics – Episode 610, 1-3-22. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2017 English SOLs Reading Theme5.4, 6.5, 7.4, 8.4, 8.5, 9.3, 9.4, 10.3, 10.4, 11.4 – Symbols, imagery, figurative language, and other literary devices. 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-3 plus 5: MatterK.4 – Water is important in our daily lives and has properties.1.3 – Objects are made from materials that can be described by their physical properties.5.7 – Matter has properties and interactions. Grades K-5: Earth and Space Systems4.7 – The ocean environment. Grade 66.6 – Water has unique physical properties and has a role in the natural and human-made environment. Life ScienceLS.7 – Adaptations support an organism's survival in an ecosystem. Physical SciencePS.3 – Matter has properties and is conserved in chemical and physical processes. Earth ScienceES.10 – Oceans are complex, dynamic systems subject to long- and short-term variations. BiologyBIO.2 – Chemical and biochemical processes are essential for life. Virginia's SOLs are available from the Virginia Department of Education, online at https://www.doe.virginia.gov/teaching-learning-assessment/instruction Following are links to Water Radio episodes (various topics) designed especially for certain K-12 grade levels. Episode 250, 1-26-15 – on boiling, for kindergarten through 3rd grade. Episode 255, 3-2-15 – on density, for 5th and 6th grade. Episode 282, 9-21-15 – on living vs. non-living, for kindergarten. Episode 309, 3-28-16 – on temperature regulation in animals, for kindergarten through 12th grade. Episode 333, 9-12-16 – on dissolved gases, especially dissolved oxygen in aquatic habitats, for 5th grade. Episode 404, 1-22-18 – on ice on ponds and lakes, for 4th through 8th grade. Episode 407, 2-12-18 – on snow chemistry and physics, for high school. Episode 483, 7-29-19 – on buoyancy and drag, for middle school and high school. Episode 524, 5-11-20 – on sounds by water-related animals, for elementary school through high school. Episode 531, 6-29-20 – on various ways that animals get water, for 3rd and 4th grade. Episode 539, 8-24-20 – on basic numbers and facts about Virginia's water resources, for 4th and 6th grade.Episode 606, 12-6-21 – on freezing and ice, for kindergarten through 3rd grade.

music university science education college water state research zoom tech ms government movement illinois environment pressure normal natural va dark rain web ocean snow bubbles ps citizens falling agency silver stream priority environmental biology adapting lovers bay images grade bio endless mills lyrics signature pond chemical underwater objects virginia tech temperature symbols divers atlantic ocean accent arial life sciences adaptations compatibility colorful ls scuba noaa density sections watershed times new roman chesapeake policymakers second edition champaign acknowledgment earth sciences shenandoah national oceanic blacksburg cosgrove sols stormwater cambria math style definitions worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr buoyancy centergroup latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin defjc wrapindent rmargin intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused latentstyles table normal name revision name bibliography grades k cumberland gap msohyperlink scuba dive colorful accent light accent dark accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web name mention ben cosgrove name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl water center 20image virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 672 (1-8-24): Introducing the 2024 Virginia General Assembly

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 9, 2024


Click to listen to episode (4:59). Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesExtra Information about the Virginia General AssemblySourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 1-5-24. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of January 8 and January 15, 2024. MUSIC – ~12 sec – instrumental. That excerpt of “Dance of the Aisle,” by No Strings Attached, opens our annual preview of the Virginia General Assembly.  On January 10, 100 members of the House of Delegates and 40 members of the Senate will gather in Richmond for their 2024 session, during which they'll renew what you might call the “dance” of working across the symbolic “aisle” between political parties.  The steps this year will be performed by a noticeably different group of people, because the 2023 elections resulted in significant changes in the age and years of service of the Assembly's membership.  Have a listen to the music for about 25 more seconds, and see if you know how the following pairs of numbers describe those membership changes:34 and 17;74 and 40;9 and 21;and, last, 52 and 34; MUSIC – ~24 sec – instrumental. If you knew some or all of these, you're a General Assembly genius! The 2024 General Assembly will have 34 new delegates and 17 new senators.Seventy-four members have served four years or less, compared to 40 such members in 2023.Nine members have served 20 years or more, compared to 21 such members in 2023.And 52 members will be age 45 or younger, compared to 34 such members in 2023. [Information not in audio: that the numbers for 2024, taken from the Virginia Public Access Project's Web site on January 4, 2024, do not include one House member and one Senate member who were to be chosen in special elections on January 9, 2024.] The General Assembly convenes each year on the second Wednesday in January.  So-called “long sessions” of 60 days are held in even-numbered years, while 30-to-45-day “short sessions” are held in odd-numbered years.  A new biennial budget is proposed in each even-numbered year, while amendments to the current budget may be considered every year. Besides the budget, the General Assembly typically considers two-to-three thousand bills and resolutions.  Usually about 150 to 200 of those measures relate to water resources, either directly through impacts on aquatic environments, water supplies, or other water uses, or indirectly through impacts on energy and land uses that, in turn, affect water.  The budget also affects water, especially through funding of natural resource-related departments, such as Conservation and Recreation, Environmental Quality, Wildlife Resources, and the Marine Resources Commission. Action on General Assembly measures involves sub-committees, full committees, and floor debate.  Passed bills go to the governor for approval, veto, or proposed changes, and bills with a governor's veto or proposed changes return to the Assembly for further consideration during a “reconvened session,” scheduled for April.   All along the way, citizens, interest groups, and other stakeholders vie to have a say.  You can join in by following the Assembly's work and by communicating with your local delegate or senator about issues of concern.  Tools to help you do so are available online at virginiageneralassembly.gov. Thanks to Randy Marchany for permission to use this week's music, and we close with about 15 more seconds of “Dance of the Aisle.” MUSIC – ~16 sec – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Dance of the Aisle,” on the 1999 album “In the Vinyl Tradition Volume 2,” is copyright by No Strings Attached and Enessay Music, used with permission.  More information about No Strings Attached—a long-time Blacksburg- and Roanoke-based band which is no longer performing—is available online at http://www.enessay.com/index.html. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGESThe Virginia State Capitol Building in Richmond.  Image from the Virginia General Assembly, “Capitol Classroom,” accessed online at https://capclass.virginiageneralassembly.gov/High/AbouttheCapitol/CapitolHigh.html, 1/8/24.Screen shot of the Virginia Legislative Information System's online site for following legislation in the 2024 Virginia General Assembly, accessed at https://lis.virginia.gov/lis.htm, 1/8/24. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT THE VIRGINIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY The General Assembly's main Web page, http://virginiageneralassembly.gov/index.php, offers several useful features, including member lists, session calendars, live video of floor sessions, and information on legislative processes.  The Legislative Information System (LIS) Web site, http://lis.virginia.gov/lis.htm, provides lists and summaries of all bills, searchable by topic, member, committee, etc.   For budget information specifically, see https://budget.lis.virginia.gov/. Video streams of sessions and meetings for both the House of Delegates and the Senate, including committees, are available online at https://virginiageneralassembly.gov/membersAndSession.php?secid=1&activesec=0#!hb=1&mainContentTabs=0. Committees are key parts of the General Assembly process.  Legislation about water or about activities that can affect water may be assigned to any of several standing committees, most of which meet weekly during the General Assembly session.  Two committees that receive many (but not all) of the water-related bills are the House Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources Committee and the Senate Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources Committee.  Information about all standing committees as of the 2024 session—including membership, meeting times, and legislation being considered—is available online at https://lis.virginia.gov/241/com/COM.HTM. To express an opinion on legislation, citizens are advised to contact their respective delegate of senator.  If you do not know your representatives or their contact information, you can use the online “Who's My Legislator” service, available at http://whosmy.virginiageneralassembly.gov/.  You can also find members' contact information at these links: House of Delegates, at http://virginiageneralassembly.gov/house/members/members.php; State Senate, at https://apps.senate.virginia.gov/Senator/. The Lobbyist-In-A-Box subscriber service also offers free tracking for up to five bills, and it offers tracking of more than five bills for a fee; visit http://lis.virginia.gov/h015.htm.  For more information or assistance, phone Legislative Automated Systems at (804) 786-9631 or Virginia Interactive at (804) 318-4133. The organization Open Virginia's Richmond Sunlight Web site, at https://www.richmondsunlight.com/, also offers tools for following the General Assembly and for learning about Virginia law. SOURCES USED FOR AUDIO AND OFFERING MORE INFORMATION Ballotpedia, “Virginia General Assembly,” online at https://ballotpedia.org/Virginia_General_Assembly. Andrew Cain, “Meet the 17 new state senators,” Richmond Times-Dispatch, November 24. 2023. David McGee, “'Road to Richmond”: Predictions vary on upcoming General Assembly session,” Bristol Herald-Courier, January 4, 2024. The Modern Republic, “Reach Across the Aisle,” online at https://www.modernrepublic.org/reach-across-the-aisle. Virginia Department of Elections, “January 9, 2024 General Assembly  Special Elections,” online at https://www.elections.virginia.gov/casting-a-ballot/candidate-list/january-9-2024-general-assembly-special-elections/, accessed 1-4-24. Virginia General Assembly, online at https://virginiageneralassembly.gov/index.php.  See particularly the following specific pages (all hyperlinked): About the General Assembly; Citizen Involvement; Legislative Terms. Virginia Public Access Project, online at https://www.vpap.org/, 1-4-24.  The main menu has a tab for “Legislators/Demographics,” online at https://www.vpap.org/general-assembly/legislators/, and there one can use a drop-down function to look for political party, gender, race, age, etc., and compare to previous sessions. Virginia Legislative Information System, online at https://lis.virginia.gov/.Virginia Water Resources Research Center, “Virginia Water Legislation,” online at https://www.vwrrc.vt.edu/virginia-water-legislation/.  This site provides access to inventories of water-related bills in the Virginia General Assembly from 1998 through 2023. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Community/Organizations” subject category. Following are links to other episodes on the Virginia General Assembly. Episode 143, 1-7-13 – “Music for the Past and Present of the Virginia General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 147, 2-4-13 – “Committees Guide the Flow of Bills in the Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 196, 1-13-14 – “The Virginia General Assembly on its 396th Opening Day, January 8, 2014” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 247, 1-5-15 – “January Means State Budget Time in the Virginia General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction, with a special focus on the state budget). Episode 252, 2-9-15 – “Voting on Water in the 2015 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 297, 1-4-16 – “Water's on the Agenda—along with a Whole Lot Else—When the Virginia General Assembly Convenes” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 302, 2-8-16 – “Voting on Water in the 2016 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 350, 1-9-17 – “Old English Music Helps Preview the Old Dominion's 2017 General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 353, 1-30-17 – “Voting on Water in the 2017 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 359, 3-13-17 – “Subcommittees are Where Many Proposed Virginia Laws Start to Float or Sink.” Episode 402, 1-8-18 – “The Virginia Legislature Begins Its 400th Year in 2018” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 405, 1-29-18 – “Voting on Water in the 2018 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 410, 3-5-18 – “Virginia Electricity Regulation and Water” (on legislation in the 2018 session on electricity regulation). Episode 454, 1-7-19 – “The Virginia General Assembly, from Jamestown in 1619 to Richmond in 2019” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 460, 2-18-19 – “Voting on Water in the 2018 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 506, 1-6-20 – “Action on Budget, Bills, and Other Business Commences January 8 for the 2020 Virginia General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 510, 2-3-20 – “Voting on Water in the 2020 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 522, 4-27-20 – “Virginia Enacts a New Energy Era” (on legislation in the 2020 session on electricity generation, carbon emissions, and recurrent flooding). Episode 558, 1-4-21 – “January 13 is Opening Day for the 2021 Virginia General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 562, 2-1-21 – “Voting on Water in the 2021 Virginia General Assembly.”Episode 611, 1-10-22 – “The Second Wednesday in January Means the Virginia General Assembly Convenes” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 614, 1-31-22 – “Voting on Water in the 2022 Virginia General Assembly.”Episode 646, 1-9-23 – “”Near Richmond's James River Falls, Each Second Wednesday in January Calls the Virginia General Assembly to Order” (annual General Assembly introduction).Episode 647, 1-23-23 – “Virginia's State Budget and Money for Water.”Episode 648, 2-6-23: “Voting on Water in the 2023 Virginia General Assembly.” FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-5 – Earth Resources 3.8 – Na

music relationships university history money english education house action college water state research video zoom tech elections government dance tools north america budget environment normal natural skills economics humans dark rain web ocean snow senate citizens bills voting agency define stream senators richmond priority environmental explain screen dynamic bay images grade resource bio conservation opening day select passed assembly delegates signature pond sink virginia tech analyze scales seventy atlantic ocean accent arial govt general assembly compatibility colorful aisle roanoke ls sections civics jamestown state senate watershed times new roman freshwater chesapeake committees special elections policymakers old dominion acknowledgment new standard state budgets no strings attached blacksburg sols environmental quality stormwater virginia department cambria math style definitions worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf brkbin brkbinsub mathfont smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defqformat defpriority defsemihidden lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused cripple creek latentstyles table normal htm ballotpedia virginia general assembly community organizations name revision name bibliography grades k wildlife resources cumberland gap light accent dark accent colorful accent david mcgee name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web name mention house agriculture name hashtag name unresolved mention english america audio notes 3db andrew cain tmdl water center 20image virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 671 (12-25-23): A Year of Water Sounds and Music – 2023 Edition

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 26, 2023


Click to listen to episode (5:44). Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 12-26-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of December 25, 2023, and January 1, 2024. MUSIC – ~13 sec – instrumental. That's part of “The Foggy Dew” by Timothy Seaman.  It's one of the songs heard on Virginia Water Radio in 2023, and it opens our annual episode where we listen back to some of the previous year's sounds and music.  We start with a medley of mystery sounds.  Have a listen for about 40 seconds, and see how many you recognize. SOUNDS - ~39 sec. 1.  Eastern Narrrow-mouthed Toad.2.  Humpback Whale.3.  Hooded Merganser.4.  Cascades waterfall.5.  Gray Tree Frogs, an Eastern Screech Owl, Eastern Wood-Pewee, and Wood Thrush. If you knew all of most of those, you're a 2023 authentic aquatic ace! You heard, first, an Eastern Narrow-mouthed Toad; second; a Humpback Whale; third, a Hooded Merganser; fourth, the Cascades Falls in Giles County, Virginia; and, last, the sounds of Gray Tree Frogs, an Eastern Screech Owl, an Eastern Wood-Pewee, and a Wood Thrush, all recorded at a pond in Blacksburg, Va., at sundown on July 27, 2023. Thanks to the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources and to Lang Elliott for permission to use this week's sounds, from the 2008 CD, “The Calls of Virginia Frogs and Toads”; to the National Park Service for the Humpback Whale Sound; and to Lang Elliott for permission to use the Hooded Merganser sound, from the Stokes Field Guide to Bird Songs. We close out 2023 with a 1 minute/45 second sample of music heard this year, with parts of “I Walk in Beauty,” by the late Madeline MacNeil; “Driftage,” by Andrew and Noah VanNorstrand; “Frog Level Yacht Club,” by Trevor McKenzie; “Backburner,” by the group The Faux Paws; and, last, “World's Too Big,” by Kat Mills, whose lyrics help us look toward the coming year.  Thanks to all the musicians who gave permission to use their music, and thanks to Janita Baker for permission to use Madeline MacNeil's music. So long to 2023, and here's hoping for a 2024 the brings to your ears, good sounds; to your heart, good music; and to your health, good water. MUSIC – ~1 min./43 sec. 1.  From “I Walk in Beauty” – lyrics: “Beauty is behind me, above and below me.” 2. From “Driftage” – instrumental. 3.  From “Frog Level Yacht Club” – lyrics: “I know it's fantasy and my plays tricks on my memory, but that's how I recall the Frog Level Yacht Club.” 4.  From “Backburner” – lyrics: “I put my heart in the freezer, I put my love on ice, I tell myself I don't need her, wouldn't that be nice?  I put  my heart in the freezer, I put my love on hold, I tell myself I don't need her, and then I wonder why I feel so cold.  I wonder why I feel, I wonder why I feel, I wonder why I feel so cold.” 5.  From “World's Too Big” – lyrics: “World's too big to see in one lifetime; what do you think you'll do this year in the world, world, world, in the world?” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. Sounds Used and Their Previous 2023 Virginia Water Radio Episodes  (listed in the order heard in this episode's audio). The sounds of the Eastern Narrrow-mouthed Toad was from “The Calls of Virginia Frogs and Toads” CD, copyright 2008 by the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (now the Department of Wildlife Resources) and Lang Elliott/NatureSoundStudio, used with permission.   The CD accompanies A Guide to the Frogs and Toads of Virginia, Special Publication Number 3, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries; that publication is no longer available at Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources online store, https://www.shopdwr.com/.  For more information, contact the Department at P.O. Box 90778, Henrico, VA 23228-0778; phone: (804) 367-1000 (VTDD); main Web page is https://dwr.virginia.gov/; to send e-mail, visit https://dwr.virginia.gov/contact/.  Lang Elliott's work is available online at the “Music of Nature” Web site, http://www.musicofnature.org/.  This sound was used in Episode 649, 2-20-23, a medley of frog and toad calls. The Humpback Whale sound was from the National Park Service ‘Sound Gallery,” online at https://www.nps.gov/subjects/sound/sounds-humpback-whale.htm, as of 12-22-23.  This sound was used in Episode 651, 3-20-23, on ocean and  marine biodiversity. The Hooded Merganser sound was from the Stokes Field Guide to Bird Songs-Eastern Region CD set, by Lang Elliott with Donald and Lillian Stokes (Time Warner Audio Books, copyright 1997), used with permission of Lang Elliott.  Lang Elliot's work is available online at the “Music of Nature” Web site, http://www.musicofnature.org/.  This sound was used in Episode 670, 12-11-23, a duck names quiz. 4.  The waterfall sound was recorded by Virginia Water Radio at the Cascades waterfall in Giles County, Va., on September 28, 2023.  This sound was used in Episode 666, 10-16-23, on waterfalls in Virginia. 5.  The sounds of Gray Tree Frogs, an Eastern Screech Owl, and an Eastern Wood-Pewee, with the less prominent sounds of a Wood Thrush, were recorded by Virginia Water Radio at a pond in Blacksburg, Va., at about 8:30 p.m. on July 27, 2023.  These sounds were used in Episode 661, 8-7-23, on the sounds between dawn and dusk on a summer day at a Virginia pond. Musical Selections Used and Their Previous 2023 Virginia Water Radio Episodes (listed in the order heard in this episode's audio)

music university new year game world earth science education college water state research zoom tech ms beauty government songs irish environment normal natural fish va dark rain web ocean sea snow cd citizens agency independence stream priority frogs environmental screen bay images great britain signature pond virginia tech atlantic ocean accent arial toad navajo compatibility colorful national park service sections social studies watershed times new roman chesapeake policymakers acknowledgment shenandoah toads farmville wildlife service cascades blacksburg cosgrove sols humpback whales stormwater virginia department too big backburner cambria math inaturalist style definitions worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority qformat lsdexception locked semihidden unhidewhenused birdsongs latentstyles table normal ty smith i walk henrico name revision name bibliography wildlife resources heritage park water sounds cumberland gap international cc by nc light accent dark accent colorful accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web inland fisheries celtic harp wood thrush ben cosgrove name mention name hashtag giles county name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl eastern screech owl lang elliott water center 20image lang elliot
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 670 (12-11-23): Duck Designation Derby

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 10, 2023


Click to listen to episode (4:36).Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 11-9-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of December 11 and December 18, 2023.  [Please note: the audio mistakenly says December 20 instead of December 18.] SOUND – ~6 sec. Those sounds of Mallard ducks, recorded in December 2015 at the Virginia Tech Duck Pond in Blacksburg, set the stage for a duck designation derby—that is, a duck names quiz game! I'll give you clues to the common names of six duck species inhabiting areas of Virginia, either year-round or seasonally.  After each set of clues, you'll have a few seconds to hear sounds from the duck and try to guess its name.  In the clues, “diving duck” refers to those birds that dive deep under the surface and feed underwater; and “dabbling duck” refers to those birds that feed on or just below the water surface. Number 1:  This large diving duck, noted for its reddish head and bright whitish body, has a name that a painter would recognize.  SOUND - ~6 sec.  That's the Canvasback. Number 2:  This diving duck is known and named for its golden-yellow eyes.  SOUND - ~5 sec.  That's the Common Goldeneye. Number 3:  For people who appreciate colorful birds, this small dabbling duck's iridescent green feathers on its head and wings are a big deal.  SOUND - ~5 sec.  That's the Green-winged Teal. Number 4:  If people who wear “hoodies” wanted to know how to look like a bird, the male of this diving duck would be the answer.  SOUND - ~5 sec.  That's the Hooded Merganser. Number 5:  This dabbling duck has a name—based on its spoon-like bill—that could be applied to what people in, say Minnesota, have to become after a big snowfall, if they want to clear a path.  SOUND - ~5 sec.  That's the Northern Shoveler. And number 6:  This elaborately colored dabbling duck, notable for its nests in tree holes and for its ability to perch on tree branches, has a name that comes from trees.  SOUND - ~5 sec.  That's the Wood Duck. The birds in this game are among 25 duck species known to occur in Virginia, at least occasionally.  Many are around in wintertime, so if you're venturing out near water during the cold-weather months, perhaps—with luck and pluck—you'll glimpse or hear some ducks. Thanks to Lang Elliott for permission to use the sounds in the duck names quiz, which were all from the Stokes Field Guide to Bird Songs. We close with some music for ducks, with a tune attributed to the late Henry Reed, a traditional musician who lived in Giles County, Virginia.  Here's about 25 seconds of “Ducks on the Pond,” performed by Timothy Seaman of Williamsburg, Virginia. MUSIC - ~27 sec – Instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Canvasback, Common Goldeneye, Green-winged Teal, Hooded Merganser, Northern Shoveler, and Wood Duck sounds heard in this episode were from the Stokes Field Guide to Bird Songs-Eastern Region CD set, by Lang Elliott with Donald and Lillian Stokes (Time Warner Audio Books, copyright 1997), used with permission of Lang Elliott.  Lang Elliot's work is available online at the “Music of Nature” Web site, http://www.musicofnature.org/. The Mallard sounds were recorded by Virginia Water Radio at the Virginia Tech Duck Pond in Blacksburg on December 10, 2015. The version of “Ducks on the Pond” heard in this episode is by Timothy Seaman, part of the medley “Virginia Rail Reel/Ducks on the Pond/Old Blue,” from the 2004 album “Virginia Wildlife,” on Pine Wind Records, used with permission; that album was done in collaboration with the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (now the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources).  More information about Timothy Seaman is available online at http://timothyseaman.com/en/.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio in Episode 398, 12-11-17. The tune “Ducks on the Pond” is attributed to Henry Reed (1884-1968), a native of West Virginia but a long-time resident of Glen Lyn in Giles County, Virginia; more information about Henry Reed is available online at http://www.henryreed.org/.   Information on the tune is available from The Traditional Tune Archive, online at “Ducks on the Pond” entry is online at http://www.tunearch.org/wiki/Ducks_on_the_Pond.  A June 1966 recording by Alan Jabbour of the tune being played by Mr. Reed is available from the Library of Congress, online at https://www.loc.gov/item/afcreed000072/; at this site, the tune is referred to as “Ducks in the Pond.” Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES The following photos of the ducks featured in this Virginia Water Radio episode were taken from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Digital Library, online at http://digitalmedia.fws.gov.  More details and specific URLs for each photo are given below the photos; all specific URLs were as of 11-8-23.Canvasback male; location and date not identified.  Photo by Lee Karney.  Specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/6798/rec/3.Canvasback male; location and date not identified.  Photo by Lee Karney.  Specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/6798/rec/3. Common Goldeneye in 2003, location not identified.  Photo by Gary Kramer.  Specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/34171/rec/3.Green-winged Teal male (left) and female; location and date not identified.  Photo by Dave Menke.  Specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/3728/rec/2.Hooded Merganser male; location and date not identified.  Photo by Tim McCabe.  Specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/1085/rec/4.Mallard female and brood at Cheney Lake, Anchorage, Alaska, June 2005.  Photo by Donna Dewhurst.  Specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/50/rec/32.Northern Shoveler male (right) and female at Westchester Lagoon in Anchorage Alaska; date not identified.  Photo by Donna Dewhurst.  Specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/699/rec/2.Wood Duck male in California, date not identified.  Photo by Lee Kearney.  Specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/17774/rec/4. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT THE DUCK SPECIES HEARD IN THIS EPISODE Following are the scientific names, and information on occurrence in Virginia, for the seven duck species heard in this episode.  Occurrence information (including quotes) is from the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources (formerly Department of Game and Inland Fisheries), “Fish and Wildlife Information Service,” online at https://services.dwr.virginia.gov/fwis/, using the “Occurrence” tab at the individual entry for each species; each bird's common name is linked to its individual entry. Canvasback – Scientific name is Aythya valisineria.  Occurrence in Virginia: “[N]onbreeder and a locally common to abundant transient and winter resident (10 November to 10 April) on the coast, ...chiefly near the Chesapeake Bay and in Back Bay.  They are uncommon inland and a rare winter visitor in the mountains and valleys.” Common Goldeneye – Scientific name is Bucephala clangula.  Occurrence in Virginia: winter resident in much of Tidewater Virginia and a few counties farther west. Green-winged Teal – Scientific name is Anas crecca.  Occurrence in Virginia: “This is a common transient and winter resident on the Coastal Plain, and uncommon inland.  Peak counts occur along the coast during the winter.” Hooded Merganser – Scientific name is Lophodytes cucullatus.  Occurrence in Virginia: “This is a casual breeder.  It is a transient, winter resident, and summer visitor throughout the state.  It is common on the Coastal Plain, and uncommon to common in the rest of the state.  Peak counts occur along the coast during December.” Mallard – Scientific name is Anas platyrhynchos.  Occurrence in Virginia: “This is an abundant transient and winter resident, and a common summer resident in the Coastal Plain.  It is a common transient and winter resident, uncommon summer resident elsewhere.  Peak counts occur along the coast in the fall.” Northern Shoveler – Scientific name is Anas clypeata.  Occurr

music new york university game black world earth education guide college water state sound research zoom society tech green government foundation dance minnesota north america modern environment press normal natural fish dark rain alaska web ocean animals birds snow cd citizens agency cambridge stream priority west virginia plants environmental biology peak dynamic bay duck images grade bio derby conservation menu scientific commonwealth ducks processes signature pond marsh virginia tech uncommon divers scales atlantic ocean accent arial instrumental library of congress life sciences anchorage northern virginia adaptations compatibility colorful williamsburg ls field guides teal sections widespread aquatic anas urls watershed times new roman aix zoology chesapeake organisms policymakers taxonomy acknowledgment chesapeake bay minn new standard wildlife service designation blacksburg mallard occurrence waterfowl ornithology sols xeno stormwater virginia department ducks unlimited cambria math style definitions worddocument anchorage alaska missouri department audubon society back bay tidewater bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf brkbinsub mathfont brkbin smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused birdsongs cripple creek latentstyles table normal ebird mallards name revision name bibliography grades k wildlife resources cumberland gap wood duck light accent dark accent colorful accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web inland fisheries virginia society all about birds michigan museum canvasback henry reed name mention name hashtag giles county name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl lang elliott water center 20image alan jabbour lang elliot virginia standards chandler s robbins
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 669 (11-27-23): Winter Preparedness and Safety, Featuring “Backburner” by The Faux Paws

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 7, 2023


Click to listen to episode (5:19).Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 11-6-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of November 27 and December 4, 2023. MUSIC – 8 sec – Instrumental. That's part of “Backburner,” by The Faux Paws.  It opens Virginia Water Radio's annual episode on winter-weather preparedness.  Have a listen for about 30 seconds to some of the song's lyrics to set the stage for talking about cold times. MUSIC – ~32 sec – Lyrics: “I put my heart in the freezer, I put my love on ice,  I tell myself I don't need her, wouldn't that be nice?  I put my heart in the freezer, I put my love on hold, I tell myself I don't need her, and then I wonder why I feel so cold.  I wonder why I feel, I wonder why I feel, I wonder why I feel so cold.” All Virginia residents, whether or not they've tried to put their heart in the freezer, will soon have no wonder about why they feel so cold: winter astronomically begins in Virginia on December 21 at 10:27 p.m.  That's the Eastern Standard time of the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, when that hemisphere is at its maximum tilt away from the sun.  From well before the December solstice, all the way through the season's conclusion in March, winter can bring cold temperatures, hazardous roads, power outages, fire hazards, and other concerns.  To help you be prepared, here are 10 tips compiled from information provided by the Virginia Department of Emergency Management, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1. Avoid traveling in winter-storm conditions if you can.  If you must travel, get road-condition information from the Virginia 511 telephone system, mobile app, or Web site, and carry in your vehicle an emergency kit, including jumper cables, blankets, a flashlight, food and water, and other items. 2. Have battery-powered sources of lighting and information, along with enough batteries to last through a power outage of several days. 3.  Develop and practice a family emergency plan that covers sheltering; escape from a home fire; emergency meeting places; communications; a supply of food, water, and medications; and other factors specific to your circumstances. 4.  Get fireplaces, wood stoves, and chimneys inspected and cleaned. 5.  Install a smoke detector in every bedroom and on every floor level; test them monthly and replace the batteries at least annually.  6.  Install a carbon monoxide detector in your home and check or replace the battery every six months. 7.  If you use electric space heaters, make sure they'll switch off automatically if the heater falls over; plug them into wall outlets, not extension cords; keep them at least three feet from combustible objects; don't leave heaters unattended; and check for cracked or damaged wires or plugs. 8.  Generators, camp stoves, and other devices that burn gasoline, charcoal, or other fuels should be used outdoors only. 9.  Learn where to shut off water valves in case a pipe bursts.And 10.  Be careful of overexertion during snow shoveling. More information on preparing for winter weather, fires, and other emergencies is available online from the Virginia Department of Emergency Management, at vaemergency.gov. Next time the forecast calls for snow, freezing rain, or other wintry weather, here's hoping that you can stay warm, dry, and safe. Thanks to Andrew VanNorstrand for permission to use this episode's music, and we close with about 20 more seconds of “Backburner.” MUSIC - ~20 sec – Instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Backburner,” from the 2023 album of the same name, is copyright by The Faux Paws, used with permission of Andrew VanNorstrand.  More information about The Faux Paws is available online at https://thefauxpaws.bandcamp.com/. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGES (Photographs are by Virginia Water Radio.) Ice on the New River in Giles County, Va., January 1, 2018.  Frozen rain on, and sleet below, a Red Maple tree in Blacksburg, Va. (Montgomery County),December 16, 2020.Ice on a seasonal pond in Heritage Park in Blacksburg, Va. (Montgomery County), December 31, 2022. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT WINTER WEATHER PREPAREDNESS The following information is quoted from the Virginia Department of Emergency Management, “Winter Weather,” online at https://www.vaemergency.gov/threats/winter-weather, as of 11-6-23. “Winter storms can range from freezing rain or ice to a few hours of moderate snowfall, to a blizzard that lasts for several days.  Many winter storms are accompanied by dangerously low temperatures, power outages, and unpredictable road conditions. Before, during, and after a winter storm, roads and walkways may become extremely dangerous or impassable.  Access to critical community services such as public transportation, child care, healthcare providers and schools may be limited.  Preparing your home, car, and family before cold weather and a winter storm arrives is critical. *During a winter storm, stay off the roads as much as possible and only drive when absolutely necessary.  Always give snow plows the right of way.*Never use a generator, grill, camp stove or gasoline, propane, natural gas, or charcoal-burning device inside your home, garage, basement, crawlspace, or any other partially enclosed area.*Snow shoveling is a known trigger for heart attacks!  Always avoid overexertion when shoveling.*When severe weather occurs, plan to check on elderly or disabled neighbors and relatives.*If you must travel, know the road conditions before you leave home.  Visit 511Virginia.org or call 511 for road condition updates.*Protect yourself from frostbite!  Hands, feet, and face are the most commonly affected areas so wear a hat, and mittens (which are warmer than gloves) and cover your mouth with a scarf to reduce heat loss.*Keep dry!  Change out of wet clothing frequently to prevent a loss of body heat.*Wear several layers of loose-fitting, lightweight, warm clothing rather than one layer or heavy clothing. Winter Storm Watch – Be Aware Severe weather such as heavy snow or ice is possible in the next day or two. Winter Storm Warning – Take Action Severe winter conditions have either begun or will begin soon in your area. Prepare Your Home *Make sure your home is properly insulated.*Check the weather stripping around your windows and doors.*Learn how to shut off water valves in case a pipe bursts.*Have additional heat sources  on hand in case of a power outage.*Keep a fire extinguisher accessible.*Replace the batteries in your carbon monoxide detector annually. Prepare Your Car *Batteries lose power as temperatures drop, be sure to have yours tested.*Check your car's antifreeze level.*Have your radiator system serviced.*Replace your car's windshield wiper fluid with a wintertime mix.*Proactively replace your car's worn tires and wiper blades.*To help with visibility, clean off your car entirely – including your trunk, roof, windows, and headlights. Include a Car Emergency Kit Tailor your winter car emergency supply kit to you and your family's needs.  Here are suggested items: blankets;drinking water and snacks for everyone in the car, including pets;boots;basic first-aid kit;warm coat and insulating layers (sweatpants, gloves, hat, socks,);rags, paper towels, or pre-moistened wipes;basic set of tools;car emergency warning devices such as road flares or reflectors;ice scraper/snow brush;jumper cables/jump pack;fire extinguisher;cash;items for children such as diapers, baby wipes, toys, etc.;flashlight, with extra batteries;hand warmers;paper map;portable smartphone power bank;extra medication;garbage bags;traction aid such as sand, salt, or non-clumping, cat litter;tarp, raincoat, and gloves;shovel. Did You Know? *Dehydration can make you more susceptible to hypothermia.*If it's too cold for you, it's too cold for your pet!  Don't leave pets outside for prolonged periods of time and have plenty of fresh, unfrozen water on hand.*It can snow at temperatures well above freezing.*Temperatures do not have to be below zero degrees to cause harm.” SOURCES USED FOR AUDIO AND OFFERING MORE INFORMATION Timeanddate.com, “December Solstice: Longest and Shortest Day of the Year,” by Konstantin Bikos, Aparna Kher, and Graham Jones, online at https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/december-solstice.html. American Red Cross, “Winter Storm Safety,” online at https://www.redcross.org/get-help/how-to-prepare-for-emergencies/types-of-emergencies/winter-storm.html, or contact your local Red Cross chapter. Farmers' Almanac, “The First Day Of Winter 2023: Winter Solstice,” online at https://www.farmersalmanac.com/winter-solstice-first-day-winter.    Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA):“Be Prepared for a Winter Storm,” online at https://community.fema.gov/ProtectiveActions/s/article/Winter-Storm;“Build a Kit,” online at https://www.ready.gov/kit; “Car Safety,” online at https://www.ready.gov/car; “Make a Plan,” online at https://www.ready.gov/plan;“Portable Heater Fire Safety,” online (as a PDF) at https://www.usfa.fema.gov/downloads/pdf/publications/portable_heater_fire_safety_flyer.pdf;“Portable Heater Fires in Residential Buildings (2017-2019),” online (as a PDF) at https://www.usfa.fema.gov/downloads/pdf/statistics/v21i11.pdf; and “Winter Weather,” online at http://www.ready.gov/winter-weather. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), “NOAA Weather Radio,” online at https://www.weather.gov/nwr/.National Weather Service, “Weather and Water Events Preparedness Calendar,” online at https://www.weather.gov/safety/events_calendar. This page lists events by state.National Weather Service/Cleveland, Ohio, Forecast Office, “The Seasons, the Equinox, and the Solstices,” online at https://www.weather.gov/cle/seasons. Smithsonian Science Education Center, “What is the Winter Solstice?”  Online at https://ssec.si.edu/stemvisions-blog/what-winter-solstice.U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: “Carbon Monoxide Poisoning/Frequently Asked Questions,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/co/faqs.htm; and “Proper Use of Candles During a Power Outage,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/psa/candles.html. U.S. Department of Energy, “Small Space Heaters,” online at https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/small-space-heaters. Virginia Department of Emergency Management (VDEM), online at https://www.vaemergency.gov/.  This is the Commonwealth of Virginia's central source of information on preparedness for all types of emergencies and disasters.  See particularly the following pages:“Winter Weather,” online at https://www.vaemergency.gov/threats/winter-weather;“Fires,” online at https://www.vaemergency.gov/threats/fires; and“Make a Car Emergency Kit” (1 min./31 sec. video), online at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPgvWgtiWHI. Virginia Department of Health, “Winter Weather Preparedness,” online at https://www.vdh.virginia.gov/news/public-relations-contacts/winter-weather-preparedness/. Virginia Department of Transportation, “Virginia Traffic Information,” online at http://www.511virginia.org/. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Weather/Climate/Natural Disasters” subject category. Following are links to previous years' winter-preparedness episodes, with music used in the episodes. Episode 190, 12-2-13. Episode 242, 12-1-14 – featuring “Cold World” by Kat Mills. Episode 292, 11-30-15 – featuring “Winter is Coming” by The Steel Wheels. Episode 344, 11-28-16 – featuring “Drive the Cold Winter Away” by Timothy Seaman. Episode 396, 11-27-17 – featuring “Winter's Fall” by No Strings Attached. Episode 448, 11-26-18 – featuring “New Boots” by John McCutcheon. Episode 501, 12-2-19 – featuring “Cold Frosty Morn'” by New Standard.Episode 553, 11-30-20 – featuring “Drive the Cold Winter Away” by Timothy Seaman and “Cold World” by Kat Mills.Episode 605, 11-29-21 – featuring “Mid-winter Etude” by Timothy Seaman.Episode 643, 12-5-22 – featuring “Winter is Coming” by The Steel Wheels. Following are links to some other winter-related episodes.Frost – Episode 597, 10-4-21. Freezing and ice – Episode 606, 12-6-21 (especially for grades K-3). Ice on ponds and lakes – Episode 404, 1-22-18 (especially for grades 4-8). Ice on rivers –

music university health earth education college water online fall energy state change research zoom tech government ohio preparing drive safety hands plan environment surviving protect normal natural va dark rain web ocean snow develop farmers weather citizens ice agency wear stream prevention frozen priority environmental fires bay images grade transportation centers batteries commonwealth frost mid signature pond disease control severe virginia tech red cross atlantic ocean preparedness accent faux instrumental freezing special olympics install govt paws tailor compatibility colorful american red cross photographs temperatures almanac sections northern hemisphere emergency management watershed times new roman winter storms chesapeake montgomery county generators national weather service power outage dehydration policymakers acknowledgment did you know proactively chesapeake bay winter weather be prepared no strings attached shenandoah united states government national oceanic blacksburg cosgrove etude sols stormwater federal emergency management agency virginia department polar plunge backburner cambria math proper use style definitions worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent cold world punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves new river atmospheric administration noaa trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr centergroup latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin defjc wrapindent rmargin intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority car safety lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused latentstyles table normal prepare your home name revision name bibliography space systems heritage park eastern standard graham jones solstices steel wheels new boots cumberland gap john mccutcheon light accent dark accent colorful accent name document map name normal web name closing name message header name salutation name mention ben cosgrove name hashtag giles county name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl timeanddate water center 20image cold winter away virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 668 (11-13-23): A World of Gratitude for Water

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 6, 2023


Click to listen to episode (4:53).Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 11-6-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of November 13 and November 20, 2023. MUSIC – ~28 sec – Lyrics: “What you gonna do when the river runs dry, when there's no more water in your well?  You won't know when to give it that one last try, you won't be warned before the final bell.” That's part of “River Runs Dry,” by Blacksburg, Va., musician Kat Mills.  The song, in which water sources are metaphors for the songwriter's inspiration, opens a Thanksgiving-season episode featuring expressions of gratitude for literal water sources not running dry.  Here are three such expressions, by people from North America, Vietnam, and Kenya. 1. The Haudenosaunee people, an alliance of six Native American tribes that was formerly known as the Iroquois Confederacy, has a traditional “Thanksgiving Address of Greetings to the Natural World.”  The address includes greetings to 17 aspects of the world, such as people, plants and animals, the moon and stars, winds and thunder, and the creator.  Here's the greeting to The Waters: “We give thanks to all the waters of the world for quenching our thirst and providing us with strength.  Water is life.  We know its power in many forms- waterfalls and rain, mists and streams, rivers and oceans.  With one mind, we send greetings and thanks to the spirit of Water.  Now our minds are one.” 2. Vietnamese spritutal leader Thich Nhat Hanh has written many “gathas,” that is, short reflections or meditations, on daily activities. Here is his gatha for “Turning on the Water.” “Water comes from high mountain sources. Water runs deep in the Earth. Miraculously, water comes to us and sustains all life. My gratitude is filled to the brim.” And 3.  About 10 years ago, a group of Kenyan schoolgirls wrote a poem in gratitude for a newly drilled well in their community.  Here's that poem. Dear water, It was hard to get to you. Waking up at dawn Buckets on our heads Donkeys loaded with jerrycans. Miles we walked In the scorching heat To look for you. Dear water, At last you came. Sweet water Our backs are rested The miles are no more Diseases are gone. For you are closer to us. Dear water, You are such a blessing. One can find countless other expressions of awareness of and gratitude for water's many vital purposes in writings by poets, politicians, professors, prophets, pundits, and plenty of others. For one last, short reading, we return to one of the water metaphors in our opening music, and quote a Benjamin Franklin comment that applies not only to water but also to anything one has and can lose: “When the well's dry, we know the worth of water.” Thanks to people everywhere who know and speak about the worth of water.  Thanks also to Kat Mills for permission to use this episode's music, and—with hope that this won't be the case for you or anyone—we close with about 30 more seconds of “River Runs Dry.”  Happy Thanksgiving!MUSIC - ~30 sec – Lyrics: “What you gonna do when the river runs dry?  Guess I'll have to pack up and leave my home.” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “River Runs Dry,” by Kat Mills, is on the 2003 album “Long Time,” from Sweetcut Music; used with permission.  More information about Kat Mills is available online at https://katmills.com/home.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio most recently in Episode 557, 12-28-20. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES Following are images of some Virginia water bodies for which the Commonwealth's citizens can be thankful.  Photographs by Virginia Water Radio. Lake Drummond in Dismal Swamp, April 30 2005.Catoctin Creek at Featherbed Lane in Loudoun County, June 25, 2010.Jeremy's Run near Rileyville in Page County, July 22, 2012.Craig Creek in Montgomery County, April 26, 2015.  SOURCES USED FOR AUDIO AND OFFERING MORE INFORMATION AZ Quotes, “Benjamin Franklin Quotes About Water,” online at https://www.azquotes.com/author/5123-Benjamin_Franklin/tag/water.  This is the source of the Franklin quote used in the audio. Be Here Now Network, “44 Mindful Moves in Daily Life—Thich Nhat Hanh's Gathas,” online at https://beherenownetwork.com/thich-nhat-hanhs-gathas/.  This is the source of the Thich Nhat Hahn quote used in the audio. Borgen Project, “Kenyan Schoolgirls Dedicate a Poem to Water,” by Sarah Sheppard, September 7, 2015, online at https://borgenproject.org/kenyan-schoolgirls-poem/. Columban Interreligious Dialogue, “Being Grateful for the Gift of Water, Cagayan de Oro, Philippines,” online at https://columbanird.org/being-grateful-for-the-precious-gift-of-water/. Abu Amina Elias, “Hadith on Water: Best charity is giving water to thirsty people,” posted by Daily Hadith Online, July, 23, 2017, online at https://www.abuaminaelias.com/dailyhadithonline/2017/07/23/best-sadaqah-water-thirsty/. GoodReads, “Benjamin Franklin/Quotes/Quotable Quote,” online at https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/53013-when-the-well-is-dry-we-know-the-worth-of. Zachiah Murray, “How to Do Gatha Practice,” posted by Lion's Roar, July 25, 2022, online at https://www.lionsroar.com/how-to-practice-gathas/. Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of the American Indian, “Haudenosaunee Guide for Educators,” 2009, online (as a PDF) at https://americanindian.si.edu/sites/1/files/pdf/education/HaudenosauneeGuide.pdf. Thai Plum Village, “Thich Nhat Hanh,” online at https://www.thaiplumvillage.org/thichnhathanh. Thich Nhat Hanh Foundation, online at https://thichnhathanhfoundation.org/thich-nhat-hanh. Saffet Catovioc, “Islamic Texts Related to Water,” posted by Green Faith Water Shield, undated, online (as a PDF) at https://www.faithinwater.org/uploads/4/4/3/0/44307383/islamic_sacred_texts-water-greenfaith.pdf. World Vision, “Video: Schoolgirls share their poem ‘Dear Water,'” May 6, 2019, online at https://www.worldvision.org/clean-water-news-stories/video-schoolgirls-share-poem-dear-water. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Overall Importance of Water” subject category. Following are links to other episodes for Thanksgiving. Episode 291, 11-23-15 – Thanks for Musical Measures of Water.Episode 343, 11-21-16 – Wild Turkey and Water.Episode 395, 11-20-17 – Thanks for the Water – 2017 edition.Episode 500, 11-25-19 – The Variety of Virginia's Water Story – for 500th episode.Episode 642, 11-21-22 – Thanks for the Water – 2022 Edition. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2017 English SOLs 5.4, 6.5, 7.4, 8.4, 8.5, 9.3, 9.4, 10.3, 10.4, 11.4 – Symbols, imagery, figurative language, and other literary devices. 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-4: Living Systems and Processes1.5 – Animals, including humans, have basic life needs that allow them to survive. Grades K-5: Earth and Space Systems3.7 – There is a water cycle and water is important to life on Earth. Grades K-5: Earth ResourcesK.11 – Humans use resources.3.8 – Natural events and humans influence ecosystems.4.8 – Virginia has important natural resources. Grade 66.6 – Water has unique physical properties and has a role in the natural and human-made environment.6.9 – Humans impact the environment and individuals can influence public policy decisions related to energy and the environment. Life ScienceLS.9 – Relationships exist between ecosystem dynamics and human activity. Earth ScienceES.6 – Resource use is complex.ES.8 – Freshwater resources influence and are influenced by geologic processes and human activity. 2023 History and Social Science SOLs Grade One: Commonwealth of Virginia1.2 – The student will apply history and social science skills to explain how communities honor local and national traditions and recognize designated Virginia holidays. Grade Two: United States of America2.3 – The student will apply history and social science skills to explain how communities honor local and national traditions and recognize designated Virginia holidays.2.5 – The student will use history and social science skills to identify the geographic location, use of resources, and identify the contributions of Indigenous peoples past and present. Grade 5: United States History to 1865USI.2 – The student will apply history and social science skills to describe how early cultures developed throughout North America. Grade 8: World GeographyWG.2 – The student will apply social science skills to evaluate the significance of natural, human, and capital resources.WG.3 – The student will analyze the characteristics of the United States and Canadian regions by (among other things) analyzing cultural influences and landscapes.WG.7 – The student will analyze the characteristics of the Sub-Saharan African region by (among other things) analyzing cultural influences and landscapes.WG.9 – The student will analyze the characteristics of the South Asian and Southeast Asian regions by (among other things) analyzing cultural influences and landscapes.WG.14 – The student will apply history and social science skills to determine cultural patterns and interactions across time and place. Grade 11: Virginia and United States HistoryVUS.1 – The student will apply history and social science skills to describe the early North America by distinguishing how different Indigenous People of North America used available resources to develop their culture, language, skills and perspectives.Vi

united states america music relationships university thanksgiving earth education college water state canadian research zoom tech gratitude government turning north america environment normal natural va vietnam run humans dark rain web ocean disease animals snow happy thanksgiving citizens educators philippines agency dear kenya indigenous stream priority environmental bay images grade resource commonwealth processes vietnamese signature pond waking virginia tech south asian symbols oro benjamin franklin scales atlantic ocean indigenous peoples kenyan accent arial goodreads life sciences national museum buckets compatibility colorful southeast asian ls photographs donkeys sections thich nhat hanh watershed times new roman world vision freshwater chesapeake montgomery county natural world wg smithsonian institution policymakers acknowledgment new standard earth sciences hadith blacksburg loudoun county usi sols stormwater virginia department cambria math style definitions worddocument haudenosaunee bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit united states history trackmoves trackformatting wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules lidthemeother snaptogridincell latentstyles deflockedstate mathpr lidthemeasian latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable undovr subsup donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent narylim intlim being grateful defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused cripple creek latentstyles table normal vus name revision name bibliography grades k sub saharan african cagayan iroquois confederacy cumberland gap be here now network colorful accent light accent dark accent catoctin creek name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web world geography name mention dismal swamp name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl sarah sheppard water center 20image 20run virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 667 (10-30-23): A Water Story from the Ancient Roots of Halloween

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 27, 2023


Click to listen to episode (5:16).Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 10-27-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of October 30 and November 6, 2023, and particularly for Halloween. MUSIC – ~18 sec – Lyrics: “Summer's over, winter's coming; summer's over, winter's coming.” That's part of “Winter is Coming,” by The Steel Wheels.  It sets the stage for an episode on the origins of Halloween in the ancient festival of Samhain, first observed centuries ago by Celtic peoples.  Celtic lands include Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and areas of England and France.  Samhain marked the end of the Celtic year on October 31, when summer had faded, winter was approaching, and—in Celtic belief—the dividing line between earth and the spirit world was thin, allowing spirits of the dead to roam.  As described by Miranda Aldhouse-Green in her 2015 book The Celtic Myths, quote, “It was at the festival of Samhain, at the edge of winter, that the world of humans was most at risk from the inhabitants of the world beyond: the boundaries were suspended and the spirits could prowl among the living, to their good or detriment depending on the character of the individual phantom,” unquote. Along with Halloween's date, many of its traditions can be traced back to Samhain practices, such as donning costumes or disguises, believed by the Celts to help them avoid being recognized by wandering spirits. When they weren't wandering the earth at Samhain, Celtic spirits and Celtic gods were believed to reside in what was known as the Otherworld.  In Celtic beliefs, watery areas were considered access points to the Otherworld.  Celtic mythology also gave special significance to swans, whose beautiful appearance on the water might have suggested connections to Celtic gods.  Here's a short version of an Irish legend about Samhain and swans; the opening and closing sounds are Tundra Swans, a North American species whose Berwick's Swan subspecies is found in Ireland and Wales. SOUNDS  - 4 sec – Tundra Swans. Oenghus was the Celtic god of love.  In the myth called “The Dream of Oenghus,” the god dreamed he saw a woman named Caer, the Celtic goddess of sleep and dreams, and he became smitten with her.  He searched far and wide for her, eventually finding her among a group of other women at a lake, and learning that every other year at Samhain the women turned into swans.  At the next Samhain, Oenghus returned to the lake and, by turning himself into a swan, was able to win Caer's heart.  The story ends with the pair of swans circling the lake three times, casting a sleep enchantment on everyone below, and flying off together.       SOUNDS  - 4 sec – Tundra Swans. I hope your Halloween has rich traditions and a bit of mystery, perhaps about waters or water creatures from worlds unknown. Thanks to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for the swan sounds.  Thanks also to The Steel Wheels for permission to use part of “Winter is Coming.”  We close with another musical selection, which has become a Halloween-episode tradition on this show.  Here, for about 50 seconds, is “A Little Fright Music,” composed and recorded or Virginia Water Radio by Torrin Hallett. MUSIC – ~50 sec – Instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The sounds of Tundra Swans were taken from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife (FWS) National Digital Library, online at http://digitalmedia.fws.gov/cdm/; the specific URL for the recording was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/audio/id/86/rec/1, as of 10-27-23. “Winter is Coming,” from the 2015 album “We've Got a Fire,” is copyright by The Steel Wheels, used with permission.  More information about The Steel Wheels, based in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley, is available online at https://www.thesteelwheels.com/.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio most recently in Episode 643, 12-5-22. “A Little Fright Music” is copyright 2020 by Torrin Hallett, used with permission.  As of 2022-2023, Torrin is the associate principal horn of the Symphonic Orchestra of the State of Mexico.  He is a 2018 graduate of Oberlin College and Conservatory in Oberlin, Ohio, a 2020 graduate in Horn Performance from Manhattan School of Music in New York, and a 2021 graduate of the Lamont School of Music at the University of Denver.  More information about Torrin is available online at https://www.facebook.com/torrin.hallett.  Thanks very much to Torrin for composing the piece especially for Virginia Water Radio.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio most recently in Episode 640, 10-31-22. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGES Image of part of an October 27, 1912, article in The Evening Star [Washington, D.C.] on the origins of Halloween.  Image taken from the Library of Congress Blogs, “The Origins of Halloween Traditions,” by Heather Thomas, October 26, 2021, online at https://blogs.loc.gov/headlinesandheroes/2021/10/the-origins-of-halloween-traditions/, accessed October 24, 2023.Tundra Swan in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in Alaska, June 30, 2018.  Photo by Lisa Hupp, made available for public use by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Digital Library, online at http://digitalmedia.fws.gov; specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/30970/rec/2, as of 10/24/23.

america music new york university new year halloween black world earth interview education washington france england college water online state research zoom religion tech european fire government ohio playing ireland festival irish scotland environment myth normal natural fish va dark rain alaska web ocean birds legends snow origins citizens practices agency scottish orange trick wales stream prophecy feminism priority north american environmental treating bay images shaw grade celtic dia de los muertos bats signature pond swan virginia tech subscription symbols collections atlantic ocean accent arial instrumental library of congress samhain carving swans thames compatibility colorful brant human body entries sections runoff caer gaelic watershed times new roman chesapeake all saints day wg policymakers celts acknowledgment tundra all hallows eve chesapeake bay conservatory wild turkey shenandoah wildlife service otherworld cosgrove all souls ornithology oberlin shenandoah valley manhattan school sah berwick pranking sols all souls day stormwater virginia department cambria math style definitions worddocument halloween traditions bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit cornell lab trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr centergroup mischief night latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf evening star mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin wrapindent rmargin defjc intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority ancient gods lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused irish folklore latentstyles table normal lir heather thomas name bibliography name revision grades k ancient roots celtic mythology steel wheels cumberland gap torrin light accent dark accent colorful accent birdwatch ireland name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web all about birds trumpeter swans ben cosgrove name mention trumpeter swan name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes 20halloween tmdl water center 20image virginia standards
Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast
WFS 517 - Potomac Riverkeeper Network with Mark Frondorf - Shenandoah Valley, Clean Water Act

Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 20, 2023 82:24


Show Notes: https://wetflyswing.com/517 Presented By: Togens Fly Shop, Waters West Sponsors: https://wetflyswing.com/sponsors Discover the intricate connections between droughts, fishing, and the colors of fall as we journey through the captivating Shenandoah Valley with our guest, Mark Frondorf, the Shenandoah River Keeper. With fascinating anecdotes and insightful discussions, we promise to open your eyes to the impacts of climate change on natural habitats and recreational passions like fly fishing. As part of the Potomac Riverkeeper Network, our conversation also illuminates the essential role of litigation and public engagement in safeguarding our precious waterways. We take a closer look at the rich culture and environment of the Shenandoah Valley, showcasing its north and south forks, and the importance of the Shenandoah River to the local communities. Witness the invaluable work of the Potomac River Keeper Network, acting as guardians of our water resources, and the potential of similar organizations to usher in meaningful change. In our discussion, we also highlight the vital importance of water quality monitoring in the Shenandoah Valley, including Discharge Monitoring Records (DMRs), pollution permits, and the crucial role of river patrols. In the last phase of our conversation, we take on the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) process, and the research into harmful algal bloom studies in the Shenandoah River and Lake Anna. We'll discuss the long-term goal of establishing a budget to test for freshwater harmful algal blooms across all Virginia rivers and streams, and dive into the special karst topography of the Shenandoah Valley and its impact on water quality. The episode concludes with an engaging chat about smallmouth bass fishing, an appeal to support local riverkeeper organizations, and a call to protect our rivers for the enjoyment of future generations. Join us for a stimulating talk on fishing, river systems, and the significance of environmental advocacy. Episode Chapters with Mark Frondorf on Potomac Riverkeeper Network (0:00:05) - Drought Conditions and Fly Fishing I'm part of the Potomac River Keeper Network, discussing climate change, drought, fly fishing, and individual responsibility. (0:06:40) - Waterkeeper Organizations and Clean Water Act The Potomac River Keeper Network works to protect waterways through Clean Water Act litigation and public engagement, distinguishing between waterkeeper and friends groups, and collaborating with the Waterkeeper Alliance. (0:21:03) - Importance of Chesapeake Bay and Shenandoah River We examine the Shenandoah River, River Keeper Network, and the significance of the Shenandoah Valley to local communities. (0:34:23) - Water Quality Monitoring and Issues DMRs, pollution permits, patrolling the river for illegal pipes, cattle herds, and algal blooms are discussed for water quality in the Shenandoah Valley. (0:52:14) - River Pollution Study and Funding Virginia's rivers and streams are protected by the TMDL process and two million-dollar studies on harmful algal blooms. (0:55:56) - Riverkeeper Network's Impact and Challenges The Potomac Riverkeeper Network, karst topography of the Shenandoah Valley, Total Maximum Daily Load process, and Shenandoah River harmful algal bloom study are discussed. (1:08:11) - Mossy Creek and Smallmouth Bass Fishing Supporting local riverkeeper organizations, attending trout school in Massey Creek, and celebrating a gear giveaway winner are key to preserving the South River in the Shenandoah Valley for future generations. (1:12:27) - Fishing, River Systems, and Environmental Advocacy The Waterkeeper Alliance's history, legal work, and water quality tracking in the Shenandoah Valley are discussed. Show Notes: https://wetflyswing.com/517

Virginia Water Radio
Episode 666 (10-16-23): Fall's an Excellent Time to Explore Waterfalls

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Oct 16, 2023


Click to listen to episode (5:07).Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 10-13-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of October 16 and October 23, 2023. SOUNDS and VOICES – ~8 sec - people visiting Dismal Falls in Giles County, Va., August 20, 2011. That's the sound of people enjoying a scenic and splashy site in southwestern Virginia, where the main attraction is a type of water feature renowned for fascinating formations and dramatic drops.  Have a listen for about 35 seconds to some music and mystery sounds, and see if you know this type of water feature.  And here's a hint: the alternative name for autumn is what the water does. MUSIC and SOUNDS  - ~33 sec If you guessed a waterfall, you're right!  You heard three Virginia waterfalls: the Cascades in Giles County; a waterfall in Mill Creek Nature Park, also in Giles County; and Falls Ridge Falls in Montgomery County.  The accompanying music, by Williamsburg, Va., musician Timothy Seaman, was “Crabtree Falls,” named for a Nelson County waterfall whose 1200-foot total vertical drop is the highest of any waterfall east of the Mississippi.  And the episode's opening sounds were from Dismal Falls, once again in Giles County.  These five are among 61 scenic and publicly accessible waterfalls in the Commonwealth listed in the “Great Virginia Waterfall Trail,” compiled by the Let's See America Web site.  Meanwhile, the World Waterfall Database has 186 entries for Virginia, including smaller waterfalls, some located on private properties, and some now inundated by reservoirs. Encyclopedia Britannica defines a waterfall as “an area where flowing river water drops abruptly and nearly vertically,” and notes that the terms cataract, cascades, and rapids can also be applied to water coursing over an elevation change, depending on the height and the sharpness of water's drop. Most of Virginia's waterfalls occur along the Blue Ridge or farther west in the Valley and Ridge province; additionally, significant drops of the Potomac, Rappahannock, and James Rivers occur along the Fall Line between the central Piedmont and eastern Coastal Plain.  These are places where some key waterfall-formation factors occur: changes in the elevation of the landscape, rock layers with different levels of resistance to erosion, and plenty of flowing water. Virginia's waterfall champ Crabtree Falls doesn't rival the world's tallest, such as Tugela Falls in South Africa, with a total drop of over 3000 feet.  Nevertheless, the Commonwealth's many and varied, large and small waterfalls are popular, scenic, and invaluable water treasures. Thanks to Blacksburg neighbors for recording the Dismal Falls sounds.  Thanks also to Timothy Seaman for permission to use part of “Crabtree Falls.”  We close with another waterfall-related musical selection.  Here's about 40 seconds of the traditional tune “Over the Waterfall,” in a version by Virginia Tech geography instructor Stewart Scales. MUSIC - ~38 sec – instrumental.  SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Dismal Falls sounds were recorded by friends of Virginia Water Radio at the falls in Bland County, Va., on August 20, 2011. The other waterfalls sounds heard in this episode were recorded by Virginia Water Radio as follows: Cascades Falls in Giles County, Va., recorded September 28, 2023;Waterfalls along Catwalk Trial in Mill Creek Nature Park in Giles County, Va., recorded September 6, 2020;Falls Ridge Falls in Falls Ridge Nature Preserve in Montgomery County, Va., recorded April 20, 2019. “Crabtree Falls,” from the 2002 album “Sycamore Rapids,” is copyright by Timothy Seaman and Pine Wind Music, used with permission.  More information about Timothy Seaman is available online at  http://www.timothyseaman.com/.  “Crabtree Falls” was used previously by Virginia Water Radio most recently in Episode 125, 8-27-12. The version of “Over the Waterfall” heard in this episode was recorded for Virginia Water Radio on July 11, 2014, by Stewart Scales, used with permission.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio in Episode 222, 7-14-14.  Information on “Over the Waterfall” and on Henry Reed (1884-1968), a Giles County musician noted for his version of this tune, is available from the Library of Congress, “Fiddle Tunes of the Old Frontier: The Henry Reed Collection,” online at http://www.loc.gov/collection/henry-reed-fiddle-tunes/about-this-collection/; and from http://www.henryreed.org/, a Web site produced by Terry Reed, Henry Reed's granddaughter.  Henry Reed's version of “Over the Waterfall” is available from the Library of Congress's online audio archive, at http://www.loc.gov/item/afcreed000177/. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES (Photographs are by Virginia Water Radio.) Cascades Falls in Giles County, Virginia, September 28, 2023.Waterfalls along Catwalk Trial in Mill Creek Nature Park in Giles County, Virginia, September 6, 2020.Waterfall in Falls Ridge Nature Preserve in Montgomery County, Virginia, April 20, 2019. SOURCES Used for Audio Encyclopedia Britannica, “Waterfall,” online at https://www.britannica.com/science/waterfall-geology.  The is the source of the quote used in this episode's audio. Giles County [Virginia] Administration: “Dismal Falls,” online at https://virginiasmtnplayground.com/dismal-falls/; and“Mill Creek Nature Park,” online at https://virginiasmtnplayground.com/mill-creek/. Let's See America, “The Great Virginia Waterfall Trail,” online at https://lets-see-america.com/virginia-waterfalls/.  The site includes maps, a video, and detailed information on 61 waterfalls included in a 1373-mile waterfall trail route. National Geographic, “Waterfall,” online at https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/waterfall/. The Nature Conservancy, “Falls Ridge Preserve,” online at http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/virginia/placesweprotect/falls-ridge-preserve.xml.  The site includes photos and a short video (1 min./37 sec.) of plants, animals, and the falls. Radford University, “Geology of Virginia CD-ROM Web Edition,” (several authors), online at https://sites.radford.edu/~jtso/GeolVAHome.html.  A map of Virginia's geomorphic (or physiogaphic) provinces is online at https://sites.radford.edu/~jtso/GeologyofVirginia/Piedmont/PPhysio-2.html. U.S. Forest Service, “Cascades Day Use Area,” online at https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/gwj/recarea/?recid=73639.Virginiaplaces.org, “Waterfalls,” online at http://www.virginiaplaces.org/watersheds/waterfalls.html.  World of Waterfalls, “How are Waterfalls Formed?”  Online at https://www.world-of-waterfalls.com/how-are-waterfalls-formed/. World Waterfall Database, online at https://www.worldwaterfalldatabase.com/.  The list of Virginia waterfalls is online at https://www.worldwaterfalldatabase.com/country/United-States/Virginia/list. For More Information about Waterfalls in Virginia or Elsewhere McDowell County [N.C.] Tourism Development Authority, “Blue Ridge Traveler/Waterfalls,” online at https://www.blueridgetraveler.com/attractions/category/waterfalls/.  National Park Service:“Shenandoah National Park-Virginia/Hikes to Waterfalls,” online at https://www.nps.gov/shen/planyourvisit/hikes-waterfalls.htm; and“Waterfalls & Gorges,” online at https://www.nps.gov/subjects/waterfalls/waterfalls.htm. Joe Tennis, “Natural wonder: County accepts ownership of Abrams Falls; discusses state park,” Bristol Herald-Courier, October 12, 2023.  This article describes the purchase by Washington County, Va., of 46 acres around and including Abrams Falls and the county's efforts to have Virginia create a state park in the area. U.S. Geological Survey, “Waterfalls and Rapids in the Conterminous United States Linked to the National Hydrography Datasets V2.0,” July 14, 2020, online at https://www.usgs.gov/data/waterfalls-and-rapids-conterminous-united-states-linked-national-hydrography-datasets-v20. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Rivers, Streams, and Other Surface Water” subject category. Following are links to other episodes on waterfalls. Episode 125, 8-17-12 – on Crabtree Falls in Nelson County, Va.Episode 205, 3-17-14 – on Falls Ridge Falls in Montgomery County, Va.Episode 222, 7-14-14 – on Cascades Falls in Giles County, Va. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-3 plus 5: Matter3.3 – Materials interact with water. Grades K-5: Earth and Space Systems3.7 – There is a water cycle and water is important to life on Earth.5.8 – Earth constantly changes. Grades K-5: Earth Resources4.8 – Virginia has important natural resources. Grade 66.6 – Water has unique physical properties and has a role in the natural and human-made environment.6.8 – Land and water have roles in watershed systems. Earth ScienceES.8 – Freshwater resources influence and are influenced by geologic processes and human activity. 2023 History and Social Science SOLs Grade 4: Virginia StudiesVS.1 – The student will apply history and social science skills to explain the relationship between physical geography and the lives of Virginia's peoples, past and present. Grade 5: United States History to 1865USI.1 – The student will understand the geography of North America, including by locating and describing major geographic regions and bodies of water of North America and their impact on the early history of the United States. Grade 8: World GeographyWG.2 – The student will evaluate the significance of natural, human, and capital resources. WG.3 – The student will analyze the characteristics of the United States and Canadian regions, including by describing major physical and environmental features and how geography may change over time. Virginia's SOLs are available from the Virginia Department of Education, online at https://www.doe.virginia.gov/teaching-learning-assessment/instruction Following are links to Water Radio episodes (various topics) designed especially for certain K-12 grade levels.Episode 250, 1-26-15 – on boiling, for kindergarten through 3rd grade. Episode 255, 3-2-15 – on density, for 5th and 6th grade. Episode 282, 9-21-15 – on living vs. non-living, for kindergarten. Episode 309, 3-28-16 – on temperature regulation in animals, for kindergarten through 12th grade. Episode 333, 9-12-16 – on dissolved gases, especially dissolved oxygen in aquatic habitats, for 5th grade. Episode 404, 1-22-18 – on ice on ponds and lakes, for 4th through 8th grade. Episode 407, 2-12-18 – on snow chemistry and physics,

united states music university world earth education college water online state land canadian research zoom tech government explore north america south africa environment normal natural va dark rain web ocean voices valley snow mississippi citizens agency stream priority environmental bay images grade rivers national geographic commonwealth materials signature pond streams virginia tech scales atlantic ocean accent arial library of congress geology waterfall compatibility colorful williamsburg national park service photographs sections potomac watershed times new roman waterfalls nature conservancy freshwater chesapeake montgomery county wg piedmont policymakers forest service acknowledgment rapids new standard earth sciences blue ridge cascades blacksburg washington county usi sols geological survey stormwater virginia department cambria math style definitions worddocument radford university bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit united states history trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf brkbin brkbinsub mathfont smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defqformat defpriority defsemihidden lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused gorges cripple creek latentstyles table normal name revision name bibliography grades k cumberland gap nelson county rappahannock light accent dark accent colorful accent see america name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web henry reed name mention name hashtag giles county name unresolved mention audio notes 20two tmdl water center 20image virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 665 (10-2-23): Focusing on Safe Cooking for Fire Prevention Week 2023

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 29, 2023


Click to listen to episode (4:47).Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 9-28-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of October 2 and October 9, 2023. SOUNDS - ~5 sec – Fire engine siren and horn. In this episode, we feature several mystery sounds to revisit the topic of a national safety campaign held every October.  Have a listen for about 25 seconds and see if you can guess the dangerous phenomenon that sparks this campaign. SOUNDS - ~26 sec – Smoke alarm, fire alarm announcement, fire hydrant pressure test.  The fire alarm announcement was as follows: “Attention! Attention!  A fire emergency has been reported in the building.  Please walk to the nearest exit and evacuate the building.  Do not use the elevator.” If you guessed fire, you're right!  You heard a home smoke alarm, a fire-emergency announcement, and a fire-hydrant pressure test.  All are aspects of the constant and complicated challenge of preventing fires or protecting people, property, wildlife, and the environment when fires do occur. Fire safety by individuals, families, businesses, and communities is the focus of Fire Prevention Week, which in 2023 runs October 8-14; the observance always includes October 9, the date when the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 did most of its damage.  Fire Prevention Week has been sponsored annually since 1922 by the National Fire Protection Association, or NFPA.  NFPA sets a central theme for each year, and this year it's cooking safety.  According to U.S. Fire Administration data from 2012 through 2021, cooking is by far the leading single cause of residential building fires; for example, in 2021 there were an estimated 353,300 residential building fires in the United States, with 170,000 of those due to cooking, about twice the combined number due to building heating, electrical malfunctions, and miscellaneous other causes. NFPA provides many educational items, and one of the learning tools for this year is a “Cooking Safety Tip Sheet.”  Here are some fire-prevention points from that sheet. * Be alert while cooking, and avoid using a stove after consuming alcohol or if you're sleepy; * While frying, boiling, grilling, or broiling food, stay in the kitchen, and turn off the stove if leaving the kitchen even for a short time; * While simmering, baking, or roasting food, stay in the residence, check the food regularly, and use a timer to remind you that food's cooking. * Keep flammable items—such as oven mitts, wooden utensils, towels, and food packaging—away from the stove top.  And* Have a “kid-free zone” of at least three feet around the stove and areas where hot food or drink is prepared or carried. Two additional recommendations from the Virginia Department of Emergency Management are the following. * Wear short, close-fitting, or tightly rolled sleeves while cooking.  And * Keep outdoor grills at least 10 feet away from siding and railings, and out from under building eaves and tree branches. The NFPA tip sheet and other educational resources are available online at nfpa.org; resources particularly for teachers, families, and children are available online at sparkyschoolhouse.org. During Fire Prevention Week and all year round, education and preparedness can help reduce the times we hear this sound: SOUNDS – ~ 7 sec - Fire engine siren and horn. Thanks to Freesound.org for the fire engine sound, and a special thanks to firefighters everywhere. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The smoke alarm sound was recorded by Virginia Water Radio at a Blacksburg residence on October 4, 2017. The fire alarm sound was recorded by Virginia Water Radio at Cheatham Hall on the Virginia Tech campus in Blacksburg on November 20, 2017. The fire hydrant pressure test sound was recorded by Virginia Water Radio on the Virginia Tech campus in Blacksburg on March 10, 2017.   Thanks to the Virginia Tech Facilities Department and to Liberty Fire Solutions of Salem, Va., for allowing recording and photographing of the testing and for providing information about the test. The fire engine sound (dated April 6, 2016) was recorded by user logancircle2 and made available for public use by Freesound.org, online at https://freesound.org/people/logancircle2/sounds/342182/ (as of 9-22-23), under the Creative Commons 0 License.  For more information on Creative Commons licenses, please see http://creativecommons.org/; information on the 0 License specifically is online at https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGES Main poster for the 2023 Fire Prevention Week campaign by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA).  Accessed online at https://www.nfpa.org/Events/Events/Fire-Prevention-Week, 9-22-23.  Copyright by the NFPA, not for commercial use.Graph of leading causes of residential building fires in the United States, 2012-2021.  Graph from the U.S. Fire Administration, “Residential Building Fire Causes (2012-2021),” online at https://www.usfa.fema.gov/statistics/residential-fires/causes.html. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT FIRE SAFETY The following information is quoted from the National Fire Prevention Association, “Public Education/Cooking,” online at https://www.nfpa.org/Public-Education/Fire-causes-and-risks/Top-fire-causes/Cooking. What you should know about home cooking safety *Be on alert! If you are sleepy or have consumed alcohol, don't use the stove or stovetop. *Stay in the kitchen while you are frying, grilling, boiling, or broiling food. *If you are simmering, baking, or roasting food, check it regularly, remain in the kitchen while food is cooking, and use a timer to remind you that you are cooking. *Keep anything that can catch fire—oven mitts, wooden utensils, food packaging, towels or curtains—away from your stove top. If you have a cooking fire *Just get out! When you leave, close the door behind you to help contain the fire. *Call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number after you leave. *If you try to fight the fire, be sure others are getting out and you have a clear way out. *Keep a lid nearby when you're cooking to smother small grease fires.  Smother the fire by sliding the lid over the pan and turn off the stovetop.  Leave the pan covered until it is completely cooled. *For an oven fire, turn off the heat and keep the door closed. Safety considerations for cooking with oil *Always stay in the kitchen when frying on the stove top. *Keep an eye on what you fry.  If you see wisps of smoke or the oil smells, immediately turn off the burner and/or carefully remove the pan from the burner.  Smoke is a danger sign that the oil is too hot. *Heat the oil slowly to the temperature you need for frying or sautéing. *Add food gently to the pot or pan so the oil does not splatter. *Always cook with a lid beside your pan.  If you have a fire, slide the lid over the pan and turn off the burner.  Do not remove the cover because the fire could start again.  Let the pan cool for a long time. Never throw water on the fire. *If the fire does not go out or you don't feel comfortable sliding a lid over the pan, get everyone out of your home.  Call the fire department from outside. SOURCES Used for Audio National Fire Prevention Association, online at https://www.nfpa.org/; “Cooking,” online at https://www.nfpa.org/Public-Education/Fire-causes-and-risks/Top-fire-causes/Cooking; and “Fire Prevention Week,” online at https://www.nfpa.org/Events/Events/Fire-Prevention-Week.  The “Cooking Safety Tip Sheet” referred to in this episode's audio is online at https://www.nfpa.org/Events/Events/Fire-Prevention-Week/About.   U.S. Fire Administration, “Residential Fire Estimate Summaries,” online at https://www.usfa.fema.gov/statistics/residential-fires/. Virginia Department of Emergency Management, “Fire Prevention Week,” online at https://www.vafire.com/fire-prevention-week/. For More Information about Fire and Fire Safety American Red Cross, “Home Fire Safety,” online at https://www.redcross.org/get-help/how-to-prepare-for-emergencies/types-of-emergencies/fire.html. California Department of Fish and Wildlife, “Science: Wildfire Impacts,” online at https://wildlife.ca.gov/Science-Institute/Wildfire-Impacts. National Safety Council, “Fire Safety,” online at https://www.nsc.org/home-safety/safety-topics/emergency-preparedness/fire. National Weather Service, “Fire Weather Page,” online at https://www.weather.gov/rlx/fireweather. U.S. Department of the Interior, “10 Tips to Prevent Wildfires,” online at https://www.doi.gov/blog/10-tips-prevent-wildfires. U.S. Fire Administration, “Fire Prevention and Community Risk Reduction,” online at https://www.usfa.fema.gov/prevention/.  This information is particularly for fire departments. Virginia Department of Forestry, “Wildland and Prescribed Fire,” online at http://dof.virginia.gov/fire/index.htm.  Among the many topics is “Fire Danger,” online at https://dof.virginia.gov/wildland-prescribed-fire/fire-danger/, with a “Daily Fire Danger Rating” and a “Burn Ban Map.” RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html). Following are links to previous years' episodes for Fire Prevention Week. Episode 389, 10-9-17 – Fire Prevention Week Helps Fight Fires with Education and Preparedness. Episode 493, 10-7-19 – Planning and Practicing an Escape During Fire Prevention Week 2019. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2018 Science SOLsGrades K-3 plus 5: Matter3.3 – Materials interact with water. Grades K-5: Earth and Space Systems3.7 – There is a water cycle and water is important to life on Earth.4.4 – Weather conditions and climate have effects on ecosystems and can be predicted. Grades K-5: Earth Resources3.8 – Natural events and humans influence ecosystems. Grade 66.6 – Water has unique physical properties and has a role in the natural and human-made environment.6.9 – Humans impact the environment and individuals can influence public policy decisions related to energy and the environment. Life ScienceLS.9 – Relationships exist between ecosystem dynamics and human activity. Earth ScienceES.6 – Resource use is complex. BiologyBIO.8 – Dynamic equilibria exist within populations, communities, and ecosystems. Virginia's SOLs are available from the Virginia Department of Education, online at https://www.doe.virginia.gov/teaching-learning-assessment/instruction. Following are links to Water Radio episodes (various topics) designed especially for certain K-12 grade levels.Episode 250, 1-26-15 – on boiling, for kindergarten through 3rd grade. Episode 255, 3-2-15 – on density, for 5th and 6th grade. Episode 282, 9-21-15 – on living vs. non-living, for kindergarten. Episode 309, 3-28-16 – on temperature regulation in animals, for kindergarten through 12th grade. Episode 333, 9-12-16 – on dissolved gases, especially dissolved oxygen in aquatic habitats, for 5th grade. Episode 404, 1-22-18 – on ice on ponds and lakes, for 4th through 8th grade. Episode 407, 2-12-18 – on snow chemistry and physics, for high school. Episode 483, 7-29-19 – on buoyancy and drag, for middle school and high school. Episode 524, 5-11-20 – on sounds by water-related animals, for elementary school through high school. Episode 531, 6-29-20 – on various ways that animals get water, for 3rd and 4th grade. Episode 539, 8-24-20 – on basic numbers and facts about Virginia's water resources, for 4th and 6th grade.

united states relationships university earth education college water state research zoom tech tips fire government planning safe safety environment normal heat natural fish va attention humans dark rain web focusing ocean snow cooking weather citizens agency wear smoke stream practicing priority environmental biology dynamic bay interior images salem grade resource bio wildlife copyright materials signature pond virginia tech atlantic ocean preparedness accent life sciences compatibility colorful forestry american red cross graphs ls sections freesound emergency management watershed times new roman california department chesapeake national weather service policymakers acknowledgment fire safety earth sciences shenandoah wildlands blacksburg cosgrove sols stormwater virginia department cambria math style definitions fire prevention worddocument smother nfpa bmp great chicago fire saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf brkbin brkbinsub mathfont smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defqformat defpriority defsemihidden national safety council lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused latentstyles table normal fire prevention week name revision name bibliography grades k national fire protection association prescribed fire cumberland gap light accent dark accent colorful accent name document map name normal web name closing name message header name salutation fire administration ben cosgrove name mention name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl water center 20image virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 664 (9-18-23): Grebes Sink AND Swim

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 18, 2023


Click to listen to episode (3:54).Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 9-15-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of September 18 and September 25, 2023.  This is a revised version of an episode from September 2014. SOUNDS - ~6 sec – Pied-billed Grebe call. This week, we feature some raucous mystery sounds from a family of diving birds.  Have a listen for about 20 seconds, and see if you can guess what's making these calls.  And here's a hint: you'll get grief if you miss this name by only one letter's sound. SOUNDS - ~ 22 sec. If you guessed grebe, you're right!  Those were some of the sounds made by the Pied-billed Grebe, Horned Grebe, and Red-necked Grebe.  Out of 22 grebe species worldwide and seven in North America, these three species are found commonly in many aquatic habitats in Virginia, with two others—the Eared Grebe and the Western Grebe—seen occasionally within the Commonwealth.  Horned Grebes and Red-necked Grebes are regular winter residents on Virginia's coasts, while the Pied-billed Grebe is typically a year-round resident on the coast and a winter resident in other regions. Grebes are known for their swimming and diving abilities; for example, the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's “Birds of the World” Web site says quote, “[g]rebes rocket through the water by compressing water behind them with coordinated thrusts of their muscular legs,” unquote; and Cornell's “All About Birds” site calls the Pied-billed Grebe “part bird, part submarine.”  Lobed toes set far back on their bodies adapt grebes for swimming, and their ability to add or remove water and air from their feathers and internal air sacs helps them to float or, as needed, to submerge to escape danger or to feed.  Grebes feed on a variety of aquatic animals like fish, crustaceans, and insects; on aquatic plants sometimes; and—notably—on their own feathers.  In turn, they may be eaten by such predators as raccoons, snakes, and birds of prey. Grebes call and act aggressively during breeding season, but they may be quieter and much less noticeable during non-breeding season.   In fact, a calm pond surface might conceal a hiding grebe with only its nostrils exposed to the air, or that surface might be broken—almost silently—by a grebe emerging with a fish in its bill. Thanks to Lang Elliott for permission to use the grebe sounds, from the Stokes' Field Guide to Bird Songs, and we let the Pied-billed Grebe have the last call. SOUNDS - ~6 sec. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Virginia Water Radio episode revises and replaces Episode 233, 9-29-14. The sounds of the Horned Grebe, Pied-billed Grebe, and Red-necked Grebe were from the Stokes Field Guide to Bird Songs-Eastern Region CD set, by Lang Elliott with Donald and Lillian Stokes (Time Warner Audio Books, copyright 1997), used with permission of Lang Elliott.  Lang Elliot's work is available online at “The Music of Nature” Web site, http://www.musicofnature.org/. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES Two Pied-billed Grebes on a pond in Blacksburg, Virginia, September 28, 2014.  Photo by Virginia Water Radio.Pied-billed Grebe at Seedskadee National Wildlife Refuge in Wyoming, April 2016.  Photo by Tom Koerner, made available for public use by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Digital Library, online at http://digitalmedia.fws.gov; specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/23453/rec/4, as of 9-18-23.Horned Grebe with chick, at Anchorage Coastal Wildlife Refuge in Alaska, June 2005.  Photo by Donna Dewhurst, made available for public use by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Digital Library, online at http://digitalmedia.fws.gov; specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/411/rec/41, as of 9-18-23.Red-necked Grebe pair, at Anchorage Coastal Wildlife Refuge in Alaska, May 2005.  Photo by Donna Dewhurst, made available for public use by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Digital Library, online at http://digitalmedia.fws.gov; specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/20/rec/37, as of 9-18-23. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT THE PIED-BILLED GREBE The following information is quoted from the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources (formerly Department of Game and Inland Fisheries), “Fish and Wildlife Information Service,” online at https://services.dwr.virginia.gov/fwis/, primarily the “Life History” section of the the Pied-billed Grebe entry, online at https://services.dwr.virginia.gov/fwis/booklet.html?&bova=040008&Menu=_.Taxonomy&version=19612. The scientific name of the Pied-billed Grebe is Podilymbus podiceps. Physical Description “This species is 12-15 inches (31-38 cm) long with a 23 inch wingspread.  It is a small, stocky bird distinguished by its short, blunt bill encircled by a broad black band with the upper portion of the bill curved downward; it is often described as chicken-like.  ...Grebes have lobed toes, feet that are placed far back on the body, and a short rudder-like tail to aid in pursuing prey underwater.” Reproduction “The nest is built by both members of the pair and is made up of flags, rushes, sedge, algae and mud and is attached to grasses, reeds or bushes in the water. ...The eggs are laid from March to September, are blue-white initially, and then turn brown.  The brown color results from the adults covering the eggs with wet organic matter when they are foraging or defending the territory.  ...There may be up to 2 broods per year.  Incubation takes about 23 days and begins with the first egg laid.” Behavior “Nest attendance is shared equally by the male and female during egg-laying and post-laying periods.  Incubation however, is carried out mostly by the female.  The streaked or spotted chicks can swim almost immediately after hatching.  The young will usually travel on the parents back or will cling to their tail.  The parents may feed the chicks and even dive while chicks are on their back.  The parents will return to the nest frequently with the young.  Young grebes fledge at about 35 days.  ...[This species] rarely flies, and it escapes by diving with a short leap or by slowly submerging.  It is the most solitary of the grebes.  It is the first grebe to arrive north in the spring and the last to leave in the fall.  It migrates in closely-massed flocks. ...” Feeding “Diet consists primarily of fish including eels, carp, and catfish as well as sticklebacks, sculpins, silversides, and minnows.  [It will also] forage on crayfishes, aquatic insects, snails, spiders, frogs, tadpoles, some seeds and soft parts of aquatic plants, ...[and] on shrimp in saltwater bays and estuaries.  [It ingests] large numbers of their own feathers.  This may serve to protect the stomach from puncture by indigestible parts and prevent hard items from entering the intestines.  Feathers also provide the base material of regurgitated pellets that contain undigested material such as fish bones.” Aquatic/Terrestrial Associations: “In Virginia, pied-billed grebes have been observed foraging with snowy egrets.  Mutualistic foraging enhances opportunities for obtaining prey.  Limiting factors: The greatest losses of nests and eggs resulted from wind, rain, waves, and storm tides.  Predators of eggs and young include raccoons, laughing gulls, water snakes, snapping turtles, and peregrine falcons.” SOURCES Used for Audio Cornell University Lab of Ornithology, “All About Birds,” online at http://www.allaboutbirds.org.The Horned Grebe entry is online at https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Horned_Grebe/;the Pied-billed Grebe entry is online at https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Pied-billed_Grebe/;the Red-necked Grebe entry is online at https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Red-necked_Grebe/. National Audubon Society, “Taxonomic Family: Grebes,” online at https://www.audubon.org/bird-guide?title=Grebe&family=6460. Cornell University Lab of Ornithology, “Birds of the World,” online at https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/home.  (subscription required).The entry for the taxonomic family of grebes, Podicipedidae, is online at https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/podici1/cur/introduction; this is the source of the quote in the audio.The Horned Grebe entry is online at https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/horgre/cur/introduction;the Pied-billed Grebe entry is online at https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/pibgre/cur/introduction;the Red-necked Grebe entry is online at https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/rengre/cur/introduction. Indiana Audubon, “Pied-billed Grebe,” by Annie Aguirre, July 1, 2018, online at https://indianaaudubon.org/2018/07/01/pied-billed-grebe-2/. Angela Minor, “Birds of the Blue Ridge: Pied-billed Grebe,” Blue Ridge Country, December 27, 2022. Chandler S. Robbins et al., A Guide to Field Identification of Birds of North America, St. Martin's Press, New York, N.Y., 2001. Stan Tekiela, Birds of Virginia Field Guide, Adventure Publications, Cambridge, Minn., 2002. Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources (formerly Department of Game and Inland Fisheries), “Fish and Wildlife Information Service,” online at https://services.dwr.virginia.gov/fwis/.The Horned Grebe entry is online at https://services.dwr.virginia.gov/fwis/booklet.html?&bova=040005&Menu=_.Taxonomy&version=19612;the Pied-billed Grebe entry is online at https://services.dwr.virginia.gov/fwis/booklet.html?&bova=040008&Menu=_.Taxonomy&version=19612;the Red-necked Grebe entry is online at https://services.dwr.virginia.gov/fwis/booklet.html?&bova=040004&Menu=_.Taxonomy&version=19612. Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources (formerly Department of Game and Inland Fisheries), “List of Native and Naturalized Fauna in Virginia, August 2022,” online (as a PDF) at https://dwr.virginia.gov/wp-content/uploads/virginia-native-naturalized-species.pdf. Joel C. Welty, The Life of Birds, 2nd Edition, W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, Penn., 1975. For More Information about Birds in Virginia or Elsewhere Chesapeake Bay Program, “Birds,” online at https://www.chesapeakebay.net/discover/field-guide/critters?s=&fieldGuideType=Birds&fieldGuideHabitat. Cornell University Lab of Ornithology, “Merlin Photo ID.”  The application for mobile devices allows users to submit a bird photograph to get identification of the bird. Information is available online at http://merlin.allaboutbirds.org/. Cornell University Lab of Ornithology and the Audubon Society, “eBird,” online at https://ebird.org/home.  Here you can find locations of species observations made by contributors, and you can sign up to contribute your own observations. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, “Animal Diversity Web,” online at https://animaldiversity.org.Virginia Society of Ornithology, online at http://www.virginiabirds.org/.  The Society is a non-profit organization dedicated to the study, conservation, and enjoyment of birds in the Commonwealth. Xeno-canto Foundation, online at https://xeno-canto.org/.  This site provides sounds of birds and other wildlife from around the world. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Birds” subject category. Following are links to some other episodes on diving birds. American Coot – Episode 391, 10-23-17.Cormorants – Episode 467, 4-8-19.Loons – Episode 445, 11-5-18

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Virginia Water Radio
Episode 663 (9-4-23): A Water-and-Work Quiz for Labor Day

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Sep 4, 2023


Click to listen to episode (5:03).Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 9-1-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of September 4 and September 11, 2023. MUSIC – ~22 sec – Lyrics: “Wake up in the morning and get to work; wake up in the morning and get to work.  Got a lot of work to do, gonna go do it, gotta get to it.” That's part of “Get to Work,” by the Harrisionburg- and Rockingham County, Va.-based band, The Steel Wheels, from their 2019 album, “Over the Trees.”  It sets the stage for a water-and-work quiz game, honoring Labor Day by exploring some water-related jobs.  In this game, I'll read 10 short samples of people describing their work connected to water; you'll have a couple of seconds of river sounds to guess the job, then I'll tell you the answer.  Let's get to it! No. 1.  I manage places where marine or freshwater creatures are grown for food, restoration, or other purposes. [RIVER SOUNDS - ~2 SEC]  That's an aquaculturist. No. 2.  I ply big rivers on large, flat vessels full of coal, grains, and other goods.  [RIVER SOUNDS - ~2 SEC] That's a crew member on a river barge. No. 3.  I'm a scientist who studies fish.  [RIVER SOUNDS - ~2 SEC]  That's an ichthyologist. No. 4.  I'm a scientist who studies inland waters, both fresh and salty.  [RIVER SOUNDS - ~2 SEC]  That's a limnologist.  No. 5.  I respond to often dangerous emergencies with the aid of trucks, hoses, pumps, and other equipment.  [RIVER SOUNDS - ~2 SEC]  That's a firefighter. No. 6.  I use filters, chemicals, and tests to treat water going from sources to customers.  [RIVER SOUNDS - ~2 SEC]  That a water-supply plant worker. No. 7.  I use filters, chemicals, and tests to treat used water and send it back to water sources.  [RIVER SOUNDS - ~2 SEC]  That's a wastewater-treatment plant worker. No. 8.  I board huge ships in open waters, then guide the ships safely into port.  [RIVER SOUNDS - ~2 SEC]  That's a harbor pilot. No. 9.  I work to ensure safe, accessible, and effective use of a water-recreation facility.  [RIVER SOUNDS - ~2 SEC]  That's a swimming pool manager, lifeguard, or water exercise instructor. And No. 10.  I use powerful drills to provide access to groundwater.  [RIVER SOUNDS - ~2 SEC]  That's a water-well contractor. Other water-related jobs include boat building, farming, public health, managing lakes and dams, managing watersheds, identifying wetlands, and lots more.  As Labor Day comes and goes, here's a big thank you to people who work to provide, manage, navigate, protect, and teach and learn about our common wealth of water.   Thanks also to The Steel Wheels for permission to use part of “Get to Work.”  We close with some more music, this time by renowned musician and former Charlottesville, Virginia, resident John McCutcheon.  From his 1998 album “Four Seasons: Autumnsongs,” here's about 35 seconds of “Labor Day.” MUSIC – ~36 sec – Lyrics: “Labor Day, Labor Day, September or the first of May.  To all who work this world we say, ‘Happy Labor Day.'” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The river sounds heard in this episode were recorded by Virginia Water Radio beside the New River at Radford, Va., on October 6, 2013. “Get to Work,” from the 2019 album, “Over the Trees,” is copyright by The Steel Wheels, used with permission.  More information about The Steel Wheels is available online at http://www.thesteelwheels.com/.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio in Episode 558, 1-4-21. “Labor Day,” from the 1998 album “Four Seasons: Autumnsongs,” on Rounder Records, is copyright by John McCutcheon/Appalsongs and Si Kahn/Joe Hill Music, used with permission of John McCutcheon.  More information about John McCutcheon is available online at http://www.folkmusic.com/.  Thanks to John Plunkett of Appalseed Productions for his help in acquiring permission to use this music.  More information about Appalseed Productions is available online at https://appalseed-productions-2.square.site/. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGES (Except as otherwise noted, photographs are by Virginia Water Radio.) A Virginia Tech worker testing fire-hyrdrant pressure on the university campus in Blacksburg, March 10, 2017.A well-drilling rig at a Montgomery County, Virginia, residential project, June 20, 2014.A barge transporting stone on the Ohio River at Huntington, West Virginia, November 6, 2011.A commercial ship on the Chesapeake Bay as viewed from Kent Island, Maryland, September 22, 2010.EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT LABOR DAY The following information is from U.S. Department of Labor, “History of Labor Day,” online at https://www.dol.gov/general/laborday/history.  “Before it was a federal holiday, Labor Day was recognized by labor activists and individual states.  After municipal ordinances were passed in 1885 and 1886, a movement developed to secure state legislation.  New York was the first state to introduce a bill, but Oregon was the first to pass a law recognizing Labor Day, on February 21, 1887.  During 1887, four more states – Colorado, Massachusetts, New Jersey and New York – passed laws creating a Labor Day holiday. By the end of the decade Connecticut, Nebraska and Pennsylvania had followed suit.  By 1894, 23 more states had adopted the holiday, and on June 28, 1894, Congress passed an act making the first Monday in September of each year a legal holiday.” SOURCES USED FOR AUDIO AND OFFERING MORE INFORMATION American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, “What is Limnology?”  Online at https://www.aslo.org/what-is-aquatic-science/what-is-limnology/. Encyclopedia Britannica, “May Day,” by Meg Matthais, online at https://www.britannica.com/topic/May-Day-international-observance. Fire Safety USA, “All [Product] Categories,” online at https://firesafetyusa.com/collections/all-products. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Ocean Service, “What is aquaculture?”  Online at this link. NPR, “Harbor Pilots Reap High Rewards for Dangerous Job,” by Gloria Hillard, March 21, 2012. NPR, “What is May Day?”  For the most part, the opposite of capitalism,” by Emma Bowman, May 1, 2023. Tennessee Valley Authority, “Commodities Shipped on the River,” online at https://www.tva.com/environment/managing-the-river/commodities-shipped-on-the-river. University of New Mexico, “Position Classification Description: Aquatics Manager,” online at https://jobdescriptions.unm.edu/detail.php?v&id=I6001. U.S. Department of Labor, “History of Labor Day,” online at https://www.dol.gov/general/laborday/history. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “Learn About Private Water Wells,” online at https://www.epa.gov/privatewells/learn-about-private-water-wells. Virginia Cooperative Extension/Virginia Household Water Quality Program, “Wellcheck Contractor List,” online at https://www.wellwater.bse.vt.edu/wellcheck-contractor-list.php. Karen Zraik, “What is Labor Day?  A History of the Workers' Holiday,” New York Times, September 4, 2023 (first published in 2018).RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Overall Importance of Water” subject category. Following are links to some other episodes on Labor Day or water-related labor.Episode 279, 8-24-15 – Oysters, Nitrogen, and the Chesapeake Bay. Episode 378, 7-24-17 – The Complicated Challenge of Cleaner Water. Episode 436, 9-3-18 – Labor Day, “Sandy Boys,” and the Big Sandy River. Episode 578, 5-24-21 – Water Well Construction is an Ancient and Modern Human Practice. Episode 635, 8-29-22 – A Fishing Focus for Labor Day, Featuring the Northern Neck Chantey Singers FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-5: Earth and Space Systems3.7 – There is a water cycle and water is important to life on Earth. Grades K-5: Earth Resources3.8 – Natural events and humans influence ecosystems.4.8 – Virginia has important natural resources. Grade 66.6 – Water has unique physical properties and has a role in the natural and human-made environment.6.8 – Land and water have roles in watershed systems.6.9 – Humans impact the environment and individuals can influence public policy decisions related to energy and the environment. Earth ScienceES.6 – Resource use is complex.ES.8 – Freshwater resources influence and are influenced by geologic processes and human activity.ES.10 – Oceans are complex, dynamic systems subject to long- and short-term variations.

america music new york university history earth education work college water online state land new york times research zoom colorado holiday tech government new jersey oregon congress environment maryland normal massachusetts natural va economics humans dark rain web ocean snow connecticut labor citizens npr quiz new mexico agency nebraska trees stream sec workers ancient priority west virginia labor day environmental bay images grade resource signature pond charlottesville american society virginia tech reconstruction may day atlantic ocean accent arial huntington compatibility colorful environmental protection agency sections oysters civics watershed times new roman happy labor day freshwater chesapeake montgomery county nitrogen wg policymakers radford acknowledgment chesapeake bay calibri earth sciences shenandoah oceanography national oceanic aquaculture ohio river blacksburg cosgrove encyclopedia britannica sols stormwater cambria math style definitions ar sa worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit united states history trackmoves new river trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr centergroup latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim tennessee valley authority defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority qformat lsdexception locked semihidden unhidewhenused latentstyles table normal vus rounder records name revision name bibliography grades k steel wheels cumberland gap john mccutcheon light accent dark accent colorful accent name salutation name document map name normal web name closing name message header kent island limnology ben cosgrove name mention name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes 20well tmdl 20fire water center msobodytext 20image virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 662 (8-21-23): At the Dew Point

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 21, 2023


Click to listen to episode (4:20).Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 8-18-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of August 21 and August 28, 2023. MUSIC – ~15 sec – instrumental. That's part of “The Foggy Dew,” an Irish song performed here by Timothy Seaman of Williamsburg, Virginia, with Ann Robinson on Celtic Harp.  In the song's traditional lyrics, fog and dew set the scene for the Easter Uprising in 1916, during the Irish Revolution for independence from Great Britain.  This Water Radio episode's focus isn't on those important historical events, but rather on a number related to fog and dew, and to whether the weather on a summer day feels comfortable or close.  That number is the dew point temperature, or simply the dew point. The National Weather Service gives the following descriptions of “general comfort levels” at various dew points:“less than or equal to 55 degrees Fahrenheit: dry and comfortable;“between 55 and 65: becoming ‘sticky' with muggy evenings;“[at 65 or more]: ...becoming oppressive.” Note, however, that perceived comfort levels at different dew points depend on the climate conditons to which a person is acclimated. Let's explore some of the science of the dew point. Any parcel of air can hold a given amount of water vapor, depending on the air parcel's temperature; air with higher temperature can hold more water vapor.  The term relative humidity refers to how much water vapor an air parcel actually holds, compared to its potential maximum.  The dew point, then, is the temperature at which an air parcel reaches a relative humidity of 100 percent.  Cooling air below its dew point results in water vapor condensing into fog, dew, or some other kind of precipitation; if temperatures are below freezing, the dew point is then considered the frost point. Now, here's the key concept for how humid the air feels: a higher dew point indicates that an air parcel is holding more moisture at any given temperature or relative humidity.  With more moisture in the air, the human body has more trouble evaporating sweat, the process that removes heat and cools the body.  With sweat not evaporating as readily, it feels hotter and more humid; the term “heat index” refers to how hot people feel in combinations of temperature and humidity. Humidity, sweat and evaporation, comfort or mugginess: there's a lot to learn from the daily dew point. Thanks to Timothy Seaman for permission to use this episode's music, and we close with about 35 more seconds of “The Foggy Dew.” MUSIC – ~34 sec – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “The Foggy Dew,” a 2023 single release, is copyright by Timothy Seaman, used with permission.  It features Ann Robinson on Celtic Harp.  More information about Timothy Seaman is available online at https://timothyseaman.com/en/.  “The Foggy Dew” is a traditional Irish song, whose lyrics talk about the 1916 Easter Uprising, part of the Irish Revolution and War of Independence (1919-1921) against Great Britain.  The song describes scenes of battle on Easter morning taking place amidst “the foggy dew.”  Information about the song is available online at https://www.o-em.org/index.php/fieldwork/62-the-foggy-dew-processes-of-change-in-an-irish-rebel-song. Virginia Water Radio thanks David Carroll, of the Virginia Tech Department of Geography, and Kevin McGuire and Stephen Schoenholtz, of the Virginia Water Resources Research Center and Virginia Tech Department of Forest Resources and Conservation, for their help with this episode. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES The following two photos of dew and were taken by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg, Va., on August 12, 2023, around 8 a.m. EDT, when the dew point and the actual temperature were the same. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT DEW POINT AND HEAT INDEX The following information is quoted from the National Weather Service, accessed at the Web sites noted on August 21, 2023. Dew Point Information From “Dew Point vs. Humidity,” online at https://www.weather.gov/arx/why_dewpoint_vs_humidity. “The dew point is the temperature the air needs to be cooled to (at constant pressure) in order to achieve a relative humidity (RH) of 100%.  At this point the air cannot hold more water in the gas form.  If the air were to be cooled even more, water vapor would have to come out of the atmosphere in the liquid form, usually as fog or precipitation. “The higher the dew point rises, the greater the amount of moisture in the air.  This directly affects how ‘comfortable' it will feel outside.  Many times, relative humidity can be misleading.  For example, a temperature of 30 and a dew point of 30 will give you a relative humidity of 100%, but a temperature of 80 and a dew point of 60 produces a relative humidity of 50%.  It would feel much more ‘humid' on the 80 degree day with 50% relative humidity than on the 30 degree day with a 100% relative humidity.  This is because of the higher dew point. “So if you want a real judge of just how ‘dry' or ‘humid' it will feel outside, look at the dew point instead of the [relative humidity].  The higher the dew point, the muggier it will feel.” “General comfort levels using dew point that can be expected during the summer months:*less than or equal to 55: dry and comfortable;*between 55 and 65: becoming ‘sticky' with muggy evenings;*greater than or equal to 65: lots of moisture in the air, becoming oppressive.” Heat Index Information From “What is the heat index?” online at https://www.weather.gov/ama/heatindex. “

music university earth education college water state research zoom tech government ireland illinois irish environment normal natural va dark rain web ocean climate snow washington post weather citizens air agency independence stream usa today priority environmental average bay images grade conservation great britain processes geography signature pond virginia tech rh scales atlantic ocean accent arial fahrenheit cooling compatibility colorful williamsburg edt sections watershed times new roman chesapeake organisms national weather service policymakers acknowledgment gh humidity calibri new standard earth sciences blacksburg encyclopedia britannica sols contours stormwater cambria math style definitions ar sa worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr centergroup latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub dispdef lmargin smallfrac rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority qformat lsdexception locked semihidden unhidewhenused cripple creek latentstyles table normal david carroll evaporation name revision name bibliography grades k kevin mcguire cumberland gap accessed august ann robinson light accent dark accent colorful accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web celtic harp name mention name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl water center 20image virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 661 (8-7-23): A Summer Day at a Southwestern Virginia Pond

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Aug 8, 2023


Click to listen to episode (5:28).Sections below are the following:Transcript of AudioAudio Notes and AcknowledgmentsImagesSourcesRelated Water Radio EpisodesFor Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.)Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 8-4-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of August 7 and August 14, 2023. MUSIC – ~27 sec – Lyrics: “I'm gonna soak up the sun, I'm gonna dry out the river, I'm gonna run to the shimmering pond, until the summer comes….” That's part of “Until the Summer Comes,” by the Harrisonburg and Rockingham County, Va.-based band, The Steel Wheels.  It sets the stage for this episode's exploration of what one may hear and see when the summer comes to a southwestern Virginia pond on a hot July day.  On July 27, 2023, I visited a Blacksburg pond to listen and watch at four times during the day.  Have a listen for about 80 seconds to an audio post card of that pondside day and see what creatures you recognize.  Short breaks in the audio separate recordings at sunrise, mid-day, and sunset. SOUND – ~83 sec Some of the sounds you heard were a Louisiana Waterthrush beside the pond's outlet stream at sunrise; melodic Wood Thrushes at sunrise and sunset; a Belted Kingfisher at midday; and, as the day was ending, the buzzing of cicadas, the croaking trills of Gray Tree Frogs, the chittering of Chimney Swifts, and the eerie whistles of a Screech Owl.  Throughout most of the day one could also hear various other birds, such as cardinals, crows, and towhees, along with the occasional “thunk” of a Green Frog.Other sights of the day included a Great Blue Heron flying away from the pond at sunrise and returning at sunset; Cedar Waxwings feeding on pond insects; dragonflies and damselflies mating and defending territories; water striders skating on the pond surface; a slow-moving Snapping Turtle; and what might have been a mink diving into the pond's outlet stream. The small but information-rich book, A Golden Guide to Pond Life, notes that the various kinds of natural and human-constructed ponds have, quote, “ceaseless activity” in spring and summer, and that thousands of plants and animals live in or near ponds, lakes, and streams.  While the summer's still here, I hope you have time to explore a pond or some other aquatic world. Thanks to The Steel Wheels for permission to use this episode's music, and we close with about 25 more seconds of “Until the Summer Comes.” MUSIC – ~27 sec – Lyrics: “…until the summer comes.” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Until the Summer Comes,” from the 2013 album “No More Rain,” is copyright by The Steel Wheels, used with permission.  More information about The Steel Wheels is available online at http://www.thesteelwheels.com/.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio in Episode 569, 3-22-21. This episode's sounds were recorded by Virginia Water Radio beside a pond at a private residence in Blacksburg, Va., on July 27, 2023. Virginia Water Radio thanks Virginia Water Resources Research Center Director Stephen Schoenholtz for his help with this episode. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGESPond view at about 6:28 a.m.Pond view at 8:05 p.m. Water strider at 12:47 p.m. Dragonfly at 12:50 p.m. SOURCES Used for Audio George K. Reid, Pond Life (Golden Guide®), as revised by Jonathan P. Latimer et al., St. Martin's Press, New York, N.Y., 2001 (the “ceaseless activity” quote and the other information that the audio mentioned from this source were taken from pages 4, 5, 8, and 9.). For More Information about Ponds Let's Talk Science (Canada), “Introduction to Lakes & Ponds,” online at https://letstalkscience.ca/educational-resources/backgrounders/introduction-lakes-ponds.  New Hampshire PBS, “NatureWorks/Ponds,” online at https://nhpbs.org/natureworks/nwep7b.htm. Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources, “Private Pond Management,” online at https://dwr.virginia.gov/fishing/private-pond-management/.  According to this source as of August 6, 2023, there are an estimated 80,000 ponds in Virginia. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the following three subject categories; “Amphibians”; “Birds”: and “Rivers, Streams, and Other Surface Waters.” The Louisiana Waterthrush was featured in Episode 520, 4-13-20. Following are links to some other episodes related to ponds. Episode 82, 10-3-11 – an introduction to ponds.Episode 309, 3-28-16 – ponds as the setting for exploring temperature in animals.Episode 381, 8-14-17 – ponds as two of six water locations for sound recordings at midnight.Episode 404, 1-22-18 – ice on ponds. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-4: Living Systems and Processes2.5 – Living things are part of a system.3.5 – Aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems support a diversity of organisms.4.3 – Organisms, including humans, interact with one another and with the nonliving components in the ecosystem. Grades K-5: Earth and Space Systems3.7 – There is a water cycle and water is important to life on Earth. Grades K-5: Earth Resources4.8 – Virginia has important natural resources. Grade 66.6 – Water has unique physical properties and has a role in the natural and human-made environment.6.8 – Land and water have roles in watershed systems. Life ScienceLS.5 – Biotic and abiotic factors affect an ecosystem.LS.6     – Populations in a biological community interact and are interdependent.LS.8 – Change occurs in ecosystems, communities, populations, and organisms over time. Virginia's SOLs are available from the Virginia Department of Education, online at https://www.doe.virginia.gov/teaching-learning-assessment/instruction Following are links to Water Radio episodes (various topics) designed especially for certain K-12 grade levels. Episode 250, 1-26-15 – on boiling, for kindergarten through 3rd grade. Episode 255, 3-2-15 – on density, for 5th and 6th grade. Episode 282, 9-21-15 – on living vs. non-living, for kindergarten. Episode 309, 3-28-16 – on temperature regulation in animals, for kindergarten through 12th grade. Episode 333, 9-12-16 – on dissolved gases, especially dissolved oxygen in aquatic habitats, for 5th grade. Episode 404, 1-22-18 – on ice on ponds and lakes, for 4th through 8th grade. Episode 407, 2-12-18 – on snow chemistry and physics, for high school. Episode 483, 7-29-19 – on buoyancy and drag, for middle school and high school. Episode 524, 5-11-20 – on sounds by water-related animals, for elementary school through high school. Episode 531, 6-29-20 – on various ways that animals get water, for 3rd and 4th grade. Episode 539, 8-24-20 – on basic numbers and facts about Virginia's water resources, for 4th and 6th grade. Episode 606, 12-6-21 – on freezing and ice, for kindergarten through 3rd grade.

music new york university earth education college water state change land living sound research zoom tech government environment press normal natural va dark rain web ocean birds snow citizens agency stream priority environmental bay images grade rivers lyrics processes signature pond streams virginia tech atlantic ocean lakes accent life sciences compatibility colorful ls sections aquatic dragonfly watershed times new roman chesapeake organisms policymakers ponds acknowledgment shenandoah summer days blacksburg amphibians cosgrove sols stormwater virginia department cambria math style definitions worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules lidthemeother latentstyles deflockedstate mathpr lidthemeasian latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent narylim intlim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused latentstyles table normal name revision name bibliography grades k wildlife resources steel wheels biotic cumberland gap light accent dark accent colorful accent pond life name normal web name closing name message header name salutation name document map southwestern virginia ben cosgrove name mention name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl water center virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 660 (7-24-23): Fish Sampling Explores the Underwater World

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 24, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (5:58).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra InformationSources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 7-21-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of July 24 and July 31, 2023.  This is a revised version of an episode from July 2013. SOUND – ~7 sec That underwater sound, recorded by a kayaker on Virginia's Appomattox River, opens an episode about how scientists and resource managers learn about the finned creatures that live underwater.  We start with some mystery sounds.  Have a listen for about 30 seconds, and see if you can guess what's going on with this beeping and splashing.  And here's a hint:  If a finned creature detects this signal, it might soon have a stunning experience. SOUNDS AND VOICES – ~27 sec – “Everybody's hands out of the water?”  Beeping and splashing.  “Ok, whenever you all are ready, you can pull it.... One, two, three...” If you guessed fish sampling, you're right!  Those were sounds from an electrofishing demonstration, during a May 2013 Virginia Master Naturalist field trip about fish in streams and rivers.  The demonstration was led by Jamie Roberts, who at the time was a Virginia Tech research scientist and as of 2023 is an associate professor of fisheries at Georgia Southern University.  Participants learned about fish-assessment techniques commonly used by fishery managers and by fish scientists, known as ichthyologists.  For some more details on fish sampling in streams, let's listen to a two-minute excerpt from Dr. Roberts' session. GUEST VOICE - ~2 min./2 sec.“So one of the things I want us to notice as we're sampling is what we catch with different types of gears, with different types of methods, and then what we catch in different types of habitats. “So there's really, essentially three different types of habitats that we have here [in a stream].  You have that shallow, turbulent stuff [that] we in the stream ecology world tend to call riffles; you have these, sort of, deep, deeper still somewhat high velocity areas called runs; and you have still waters, which we call pools.  And the three gear types that I wanna play with are...electrofishing with a dip net, which we'll do in pools; electrofishing into a stationary seine—so this is a seine net; and then sweeping a seine around like crazy and just seeing what we can get, like an old-time ichthyologist.  We'll do some sampling that is more like the golden days of ichthyology, before we had $10,000 electrofishers. “Icthyologists often rely on electrofishers of one type or another to catch fish, because it sort of brings fish out of the woodwork.  Fish are in this environment that's very difficult for us to access and see through and everything, and electricity is sort of the equalizer; it makes fish a lot easier to catch.  There are electrofishers that are mounted on boats; there are electrofishers that are barges that you tow around; and this is called a backpack electrofisher.  It's powered by a DC battery that looks a lot like a motorcycle battery.  And it produces electricity that this fancy box turns into the correct frequency and wavelength and pulse type to momentarily stun fish, and while they're stunned, we net ‘em; and as soon as they get out of the electrical field, if we've done everything like we're supposed to, they just immediately come back.  So if we throw them in a bucket, they should immediately regain normal composure.” As Jamie Roberts noted, fish live in an environment largely hidden from unaided human vision or hearing.  So scientists and resource managers combine ancient technologies—like nets—with modern electronics to get the information needed to understand and properly manage fish and the aquatic areas that sustain them. Thanks to Dr. Roberts and the New River Valley Master Naturalist chapter for permission to record the fish-sampling session.  Thanks also to Raven Harris for the Appomattox River sounds.  We close with a musical selection whose title describes the water world of many fish.  Here's about 25 seconds of “The Deep Blue Green,” by Andrew VanNostrand. MUSIC - ~27 sec – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Virginia Water Radio episode revises and replaces Episode 172, 7-29-13. The Appomattox River sounds were recorded by Raven Harris on the Appomattox River in Petersburg, Va., on April 18, 2014; used with permission. The fish sampling sounds and talk by Dr. Jamie Roberts were May 13, 2013, along Toms Creek in Montgomery County, Virginia, at a class of the New River Valley Chapter of the Virginia Master Naturalists Program.  Thanks to Jamie Roberts and to participants in that Master Naturalist class for permission to record the session. “The Deep Blue Green,” from the 2019 album “That We Could Find a Way to Be,” is copyright by Andrew VanNorstrand, used with permission.  More information about Andrew VanNorstrand is available online at https://greatbearrecords.bandcamp.com/.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio most recently in Episode 632, 7-18-22. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (now Department of Wildlife Resources) personnel giving a backpack electrofishing demonstration to the Virginia Master Naturalists/New River Valley Chapter at Toms Creek in Montgomery County on May 6, 2013.  Photo by Bill Sydor, courtesy of New River Valley Master Naturalists Chapter.Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (now Department of Wildlife Resources) personnel leading a seining demonstration to the Virginia Master Naturalists/New River Valley Chapter at Toms Creek in Montgomery County on May 6, 2013.  Photo by Shannon Ritter, courtesy of New River Valley Master Naturalists Chapter.Jess Jones (left), co-director of the Freshwater Mollusk Conservation Center at Virginia Tech, examining the settings on a backpack electrofishing device, in the North Fork Holston River in Saltville, Va. (Smyth County), June 19, 2018.  Photo by Virginia Water Radio.EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT ELECTROFISHING The following information on electrofishing is quoted from the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources blog, Alex McCrickard, “Not Too Shocking: Your Electrofishing Questions Answered,” by Alex McCrickard, November 9, 2020, online at https://dwr.virginia.gov/blog/not-too-shocking-your-electrofishing-questions-answered/, accessed July 17, 2023. “Have you watched some of the videos from aquatic biologists at the Department of Wildlife Resources (DWR) and seen a boat outfitted with long, wand-like poles with dangling cables?  Have you ever showed up to a river or stream and witnessed a crew of biologists with large backpacks and long rods extending into the water?  This unusual-looking activity is called electrofishing, and it's modern science in action. “As Virginia's state fish and wildlife agency, DWR is responsible for the management of our fish and wildlife resources for the benefit of the public.  Our agency staff work hard to conserve and protect our freshwater fisheries across the Commonwealth.  The best way to monitor the health of fish populations is to catch a number of fish from one area at one time.  While our aquatics biologists are all excellent anglers, there is a more efficient, safe, and effective way to catch the fish!  Electrofishing is a common method used in fisheries science; this type of biomonitoring is truly one of the most effective ways to monitor our fisheries. “Fish can really help tell the story of the health of a certain waterbody.  They are in the water 24/7 and are constantly exposed to the elements.  Some species are more tolerant to pollution than others.  The make-up and diversity of a water body's fish population can help tell the story of water quality and inform our agency's biologists.  In turn, all of this influences sound management decisions that can improve habitat, water quality, and fish health, which benefits the general public and anglers who cherish Virginia's freshwater resources. “So, you now might be wondering what exactly happens during electrofishing?  What's going on behind the scenes during these surveys?  Our electrofishing FAQs below cover these basics. “What is electrofishing? “Electrofishing is a technique used in fisheries science to sample fish populations.  Sampling is when biologists study a number of fish from a certain area, measuring and examining them and recording the statistics.  When biologists electrofish, a generator or battery gives off an electrical current that runs through the water.  Volts, amps, and frequency can be adjusted based on water temperature, conductivity, and other variables.  Electrofishing can take place on foot with a backpack unit on a small stream or river.  For larger rivers and lakes, electrofishing typically takes place from a boat or barge. “From a boat, the anodes enter the water from a long boom off the bow.  Electrical current travels from anode cables back to the cathode(s)–in many cases, the metal hull of the boat acts as the cathode.  The electrical field typically expands 5 to 7 feet in circumference from each anode and down about 6 to 7 feet.  The size of the electrical field can vary depending on conductivity, voltage, and frequency of electrical current. “Fish are temporarily stunned as the electrical current causes their muscles to contract.  The fish then float towards the surface where they can be easily netted. “Is electrofishing harmful to fish? “Electrofishing has the potential to be harmful if not used properly; however, biologists have the training and experience to operate the equipment safely and effectively while minimizing impacts to fish.  Prior to any sampling, biologists adjust and monitor electrofishing settings to the target species in a particular habit. In some cases, electroshocking is avoided during spawning periods and habitats of certain rare and endangered species to eliminate even the perception of harm. “Does electrofishing affect different species of fish differently? “Yes, the frequency of the electromagnetic current can affect species differently.  For example, low frequency electrofishing tends to only affect catfish species.  When we sample tidal rivers to assess the catfish populations, we solely use low frequency.  High frequency sampling is often used for standard community assessment of multiple species.  Because of their larger surface area, big fish such as bass and muskie are more susceptible to electroshocking than small fish such as minnows and darters. “Electrofishing is only efficient in shallow water, so sampling is usually conducted when all species and sizes of interest are likely to be vulnerable to this technique. “Why do DWR biologists electrofish?  What's the goal for sampling and what do DWR biologists do with the fish during electrofishing? “Electrofishing is an effective method to assess the health of a fishery in a non-lethal manner.  It allows biologists to evaluate the health, variety, size distribution, and abundance of fish species on a given body of water and how that population can change over time.  Length and weight measurements further allow biologists to assess overall fishery health.  This type of sampling allows DWR to look at interactions within a fish population.  Furthermore, we can track status of endangered and threatened species or the status of spread of any invasive species.  All of this information influences sound management decisions that benefit the public who recreate on these resources. “Is electrofishing safe for the DWR biologists? “Yes, because of their training and experience, DWR biologists are safe when electrofishing.  Our biologists wear non-breathable waders that keep them from being shocked while using backpack electrofishing units.  For electrofishing boats, numerous electric cut-offs are in place to prevent accidents, and the boat is grounded.  All DWR biologists wear personal flotation devices while sampling on boats.  DWR biologists have also had formal training in electrofishing principles and techniques (for example the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service electrofishing course), which contributes to the safe operation of electrofishing gear. “In what kinds of waters do you electrofish? “Electrofishing takes place in freshwater and tidal freshwater rivers and streams.  Because of the high conductivity of saltwater, it is not conducive to electrofishing. “Can anglers use electrofishing equipment to catch fish? “No, it is unlawful for the general public to use electrofishing equipment to catch fish.” SOURCES Used for Audio Alex McCrickard, “Not Too Shocking: Your Electrofishing Questions Answered,” Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources, November 9, 2020, online at https://dwr.virginia.gov/blog/not-too-shocking-your-electrofishing-questions-answered/. Stephen R. Moulton II, Jonathan G. Kennen, Robert M. Goldstein, and Julie A. Hambrook, “Revised Protocols for Sampling Algal, Invertebrate, and Fish Communities as Part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program,” U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-150, online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2002/ofr-02-150/. National Park Service, “What Lies Beneath: How Electrofishing and Environmental DNA Is Being Used to Monitor and Conserve Fish Species in Great Smoky Mountain National Park,” April 8, 2021, online at https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/what-lies-beneath-how-electrofishing-and-environmental-dna-is-being-used-to-monitor-and-conserve-fish-species-in-great-smoky-mountain-national-park.htm. Jordanna Sheermohamed, “Sea Science: Why is the ocean blue, green and everything in between?”  The Triton, April 24, 2019. Virginia Master Naturalists Program, online at http://www.virginiamasternatu

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Virginia Water Radio
Episode 659 (7-10-23): A Frog Level Foray

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Jul 10, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (4:59).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesSources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 7-7-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of July 10 and July 17, 2023.  This is a revised version of an episode from July 2018. MUSIC – ~16 sec – instrumental. That song, by Trevor McKenzie—the title of which will be revealed later, so as not to spoil the upcoming mystery—opens an episode about a formerly hoppin' southwestern Virginia crossroads, whose two-word name tells a tale of landscape, water, and seasonal aquatic creatures.  Have a listen for about 10 seconds to these mystery sounds, and see if you can guess this crossroads' name.  The sounds are your hint to the first word of the name, and here's a hint for the second word: water on it doesn't flow downhill, and people on it tell the truth. SOUNDS - ~11 sec - Gray Treefrog, Spring Peeper, Green Frog If you guessed Frog Level, you're a Virginia geography expert!  Along U.S. Business Route 19 in Tazewell County lies a large, flat, seasonally wet area that attracts lots of loud amphibians in spring and summer.  Just uphill from that area, where Route 19, U.S. Route 460, and State Route 16 all meet, the Frog Level gas station plus store and tavern was a popular spot for gathering, socializing, and politicking from 1932 to 2007.  In 2009, the historic building was moved about two miles to a spot adjacent to Tazewell's Crab Orchard Museum. The colorful history of the business included the creation by bar regulars of the Frog Level Yacht Club, with t-shirts that joked about refueling schooner vessels.  That whimsical name is also the title of this episode's opening song, which recalls the business's connection to the Prohibition and Great Depression eras. Tazewell County, Virginia, is by no means the only locality to claim an area called Frog Level.  That water feature-and-creature-based name also is found, for example, in Caroline County, Virginia; in Waynesville, North Carolina; in Carter County, Tennessee; and in Fayette County, Alabama.  In Caroline County, Frog Level is an area between Boot Swamp and Herring Creek, in the Mattaponi River watershed.  In the North Carolina and Alabama cases, the name was applied to low, flat areas where the first railroad tracks were laid.  And in Tennessee, Frog Level is a remote, mountainous area of streams, waterfalls, bogs, and—one can presume—seasonally breeding and calling frogs. Other wildlife-based names also add a natural-resource perspective to Virginia's geography and history.  The Commonwealth is home to Buffalo Gap, Clam, Dolphin, Ducks Store, Possum Trot, and many others.  But, at least from a water perspective, creature place names don't get much more descriptive, or fun, than Frog Level. Thanks to Trevor McKenzie for permission to use part of “Frog Level Yacht Club,” from his album “Generational Things,” and we close with about 30 more seconds of that song. MUSIC - ~32 sec – Lyrics: “With that calypso beat it always sounded so neat on the five-string, and an empty gas can could always double as a drum.  I know it's fantasy and my mind plays tricks on my memory, but that's how I recall the Frog Level Yacht Club.” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Virginia Water Radio episode revises and replaces Episode 431, 7-30-18. The frog sounds heard in this episode—all recorded by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg, Va., on May 23, 2013—were Gray Tree Frog, Green Frog, and Spring Peeper. “Frog Level Yacht Club,” from the album “Generational Things,” is copyright by Trevor McKenzie, used with permission.  More information about Trevor McKenzie is available online at http://www.trevormckenzie.com/. Virginia Water Radio thanks Jess Jones, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Virginia Tech Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, for suggesting and helping with the previous version of this episode in 2018. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com.IMAGES (Photographs are by Virginia Water Radio.) Wetland area at Frog Level in Tazewell County, Va., July 13, 2018. Frog Level sign at U.S. Route 19, U.S. Route 460, and State Route 16 intersection in Tazewell County, Va., July 13, 2018. Remains at the former site of the Frog Level store in Tazewell County, Va., July 13, 2018. Former Frog Level store building at a site adjacent to the Crab Orchard Museum on U.S. Routes 19 and 460 in Tazewell County, Va., July 13, 2018. SOURCES USED FOR AUDIO AND OFFERING MORE INFORMATION City of Fayette, Alabama, “A Brief History of Fayette,” online at http://fayetteal.org/about/. Crab Orchard Museum, online at https://www.craborchardmuseum.com/. DeLorme/Garmin Company, Virginia with Washington, D.C., Atlas and Gazetteer, Ninth Edition, 2021. Frog Level Farm, Aylett, Va. (King William County), online at https://www.facebook.com/pages/Frog-Level-Farm/161088237254620. Frog Level Volunteer Fire Department (Caroline County), online at https://www.facebook.com/Frog-Level-Volunteer-Fire-Department-152122678162630/. Historic Frog Level Merchants Association, “Historic Background of Waynesville [Haywood County, N.C.] & Frog Level History,” online at http://www.historicfroglevel.com/frog-level-history/.  (This Web site was accessed in 2018; as of 7-10-23, the site stated that it is “under maintenance.”) Kevin Kittredge, Fans of Frog Level Service Station preserve Tazewell County icon by moving it a hop, skip and jump away, Roanoke Times, 3/26/11. Bill Lohmann, Welcome to Frog Level, a short hop to good living, Richmond Times-Dispatch, 10/28/15 (on the Caroline County, Va., community called Frog Level). Mark W. Peacock, “Appalachian Treks/Frog Level,” 8/24/14 (describing an area in Carter County, Tenn.), online at http://appalachiantreks.blogspot.com/2014/08/frog-level.html. Joe Tennis, Hopping Along: Work under way to restore Frog Level store, Bristol Herald-Courier, 6/3/10. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  For other frog episodes, see the “Amphibians” subject category.  Following are links to some other episodes on Virginia geography.  For other episodes about water-related places, see particularly the “History” and “Rivers, Streams, and Other Surface Waters” subject categories. A walk across Virginia – Episode 110, 5-14-12. Cumberland Gap – Episode 544, 9-28-20. Exploration of the Chesapeake Bay – Episode 140, 12-10-12. Forks in waterways – Episode 545, 10-5-20. Fort Valley – Episode 331, 8-29-16. Geography in general – Episode 265, 5-11-15. Mountain gaps – Episode 288, 11-2-15. River origins of Virginia's signers of the Declaration of Independence – Episode 220, 6-30-14. Virginia connections to the Ohio River Valley – Episode 422, 5-28-18. Virginia's National Park Service Units – Episode 229, 9-1-14. Virginia Peninsula and Historic Triangle – Episode 273, 7-6-15. Virginia rivers quiz – Episode 586, 7-19-21. Virginia's Western or Alleghany Highlands – Episode 577, 5-17-21. Water and settlement of Roanoke – Episode 181, 9-30-13. Watersheds – Episode 581, 6-14-21; Episode 582, 6-21-21; Episode 583, 6-28-21; Episode 585, 7-12-21; Episode 587, 7-26-21; Episode 588, 8-2-21; Episode 589, 8-9-21. Water Places in U.S. Civil Rights History – Episode 619, 3-7-22. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-4: Living Systems and Processes3.5 – Aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems support a diversity of organisms.4.3 – Organisms, including humans, interact with one another and with the nonliving components in the ecosystem. Grades K-5: Earth Resources4.8 – Virginia has important natural resources. 2015 Social Studies SOLs Virginia Studies CourseVS.1 – Impact of geographic features on people, places, and events in Virginia history.VS.10 – Knowledge of government, geography, and economics in present-day Virginia. United States History: 1865-to-Present CourseUSII.6 – Social, economic, and technological changes from the 1890s to 1945. World Geography CourseWG.2 – How selected physical and ecological processes shape the Earth's surface, including climate, weather, and how humans influence their environment and are influenced by it.WG.3 – How regional landscapes reflect the physical environment and the cultural characteristics of their inhabitants. Virginia's SOLs are available from the Virginia Department of Education, online at https://www.doe.virginia.gov/teaching-learning-assessment/instruction Following are links to Water Radio episodes (various topics) designed especially for certain K-12 grade levels. Episode 250, 1-26-15 – on boiling, for kindergarten through 3rd grade. Episode 255, 3-2-15 – on density, for 5th and 6th grade. Episode 282, 9-21-15 – on living vs. non-living, for kindergarten. Episode 309, 3-28-16 – on temperature regulation in animals, for kindergarten through 12th grade. Episode 333, 9-12-16 – on dissolved gases, especially dissolved oxygen in aquatic habitats, for 5th grade. Episode 404, 1-22-18 – on ice on ponds and lakes, for 4th through 8th grade. Episode 407, 2-12-18 – on snow chemistry and physics, for high school. Episode 483, 7-29-19 – on buoyancy and drag, for middle school and high school. Episode 524, 5-11-20 – on sounds by water-related animals, for elementary school through high school. Episode 531, 6-29-20 – on various ways that animals get water, for 3rd and 4th grade. Episode 539, 8-24-20 – on basic numbers and facts about Virginia's water resources, for 4th and 6th grade. Episode 606, 12-6-21 – on freezing and ice, for kindergarten through 3rd grade.

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Virginia Water Radio
Episode 658 (6-26-23): Another Chapter in the Story of Defining the “Waters of the United States”

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later May 30, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (5:35).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra InformationSources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 5-29-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of June 26 and July 3, 2023. MUSIC – ~8 sec –lyrics: “Ah reflections in the window pane, fallin' in love, in the drivin' rain.” That's part of “Driving Rain,” by the Charlottesville- and Nelson County, Va.-based band, Chamomile and Whiskey.  The song's a love story, but its title and main phrase lead in to a legal water story—that is, how does rain, and any other water on the landscape, become water covered by the federal Clean Water Act, specifically by the Act's phrase, the “waters of the United States?”  On May 25, 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court wrote a new chapter in this story. Passed in 1972, the Clean Water Act's main goal is “to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Nation's waters.”  The Act states that it applies to “navigable waters,” defined as “waters of the United States, including the territorial seas,” and amendments in 1977 added wetlands that are adjacent to other covered waters.  All waters covered by the Act are known as “jurisdictional waters,” and any discharges into such waters require a federal permit.  Defining what waters—particularly what wetlands and small tributaries—are jurisdictional has enormous impact on the Act's environmental and economic reach. Many questions and legal challenges have been raised over the meaning of “waters of the United States,” its relation to the term “navigable waters,” and the Act's implementation by the U.S. EPA and the Army Corps of Engineers.  The Supreme Court has a long history of decisions on these questions.  Here are short accounts of five important Court decisions, including the most recent one, affecting the Act's jurisdiction. 1.  The 1870 Daniel Ball decision held that “navigable waters of the United States” are those that support commerce between states or with foreign countries.  Later Supreme Court cases expanded that test to include waters that formerly supported, or could support, such commerce. 2.  The 1985 Riverside Bayview decision affirmed that the Act covered wetlands adjacent to other “waters of the United States.” 3.  The 2001 SWANCC decision held that the Act did not cover wetlands solely on the basis of their use by migratory birds. 4.  In the complicated 2006 Rapanos decision, a plurality opinion by Justice Antonin Scalia held that the Act covers only relatively permanent water bodies that form recognizable geographical features, plus wetlands only if they have a “continuous surface connection” to other covered waters.  Justice Anthony Kennedy's concurring opinion held that wetlands were covered if they have a quote, “significant nexus,” unquote, to conditions in other covered waters. And 5.  The 2023 Sackett decision returned to the Scalia opinion of 2006, while dismissing Justice Kennedy's “significant nexus” test.  So the Court now holds that the Act covers only, quote, “relatively permanent, standing or continuously flowing water bodies, forming geographical features…described in ordinary parlance as streams, oceans, rivers, and lakes,” unquote;  plus wetlands with a “continuous surface connection” to such water bodies.  This removes many previously regulated wetlands from the Act's jurisdiction.  While the Sackett decision focused particularly on wetlands, the new test articulated in the decision may have impacts as well for small streams that do not flow year-round. Through amendments, executive orders, agency actions, and litigation, defining the reach of the Clean Water Act has been a long, meandering story.  It's probably safe to say that more turns await. Thanks to Chamomile and Whiskey for permission to use “Driving Rain.”  We close with some more music, this time from Wake Up Robin, with musicians from California, New York, North Carolina, New York, and Washington.  The song's watery title recalls debates over what water bodies are, so to speak, enough like navigable waters to be covered by the Clean Water Act.  Here's about 20 seconds of “Like a River.” MUSIC – ~19 sec – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Driving Rain,” from the 2012 album “The Barn Sessions,” is copyright by Chamomile and Whiskey and by County Wide Records, used with permission.  More information about Chamomile and Whiskey is available online at http://www.chamomileandwhiskey.com/.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio most recently in Episode 650, 3-6-23. “Like a River,” from the 2018 album “Wake Up Robin,” on Great Bear Records, by the group of the same name, is used with permission of Andrew VanNorstrand.  More information about the album and band is available online at https://wakeuprobin.bandcamp.com, and at https://www.wakeuprobin.com/. Virginia Water Radio thanks Stephen Schoenholtz, Kevin McGuire, and Daniel McLaughlin, all of the Virginia Water Resources Research Center and the Virginia Tech Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, for their help with this episode. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com.IMAGES (Photographs are by Virginia Water Radio.) What does the definition of “waters of the United States” say about the following areas? Marsh at Eyre Hall near Cheriton, Virginia (Northampton County), October 6, 2007.Bog near the community of Interior in Giles County, Virginia, October 3, 2009.Wetland-lake complex in the Loup River watershed near Valentine, Nebraska, July 14, 2011.Upper photo: Dry (at the time) seasonal floodplain pond in Heritage Park in Blacksburg, Virginia (Montgomery County), May 27, 2023; lower photo: the same pond in wet conditions three days later, on May 30, 2023. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT THE U.S. SUPREME COURT CASE SACKETT v. EPA (2023) The following is quoted from the first page of the Supreme Court's syllabus of the Sackett v. EPA case, decided May 25, 2023; the information was accessed online (from a PDF) at https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-454_4g15.pdf, May 29, 2023. SACKETT ET UX . v. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY ET AL . CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT No. 21–454. Argued October 3, 2022—Decided May 25, 2023 Petitioners Michael and Chantell Sackett purchased property near Priest Lake, Idaho, and began backfilling the lot with dirt to prepare for building a home.  The Environmental Protection Agency informed the Sacketts that their property contained wetlands and that their backfilling violated the Clean Water Act, which prohibits discharging pollutants into “the waters of the United States.” 33 U. S. C. §1362(7).  The EPA ordered the Sacketts to restore the site, threatening penalties of over $40,000 per day.  The EPA classified the wetlands on the Sacketts' lot as “waters of the United States” because they were near a ditch that fed into a creek, which fed into Priest Lake, a navigable, intrastate lake.  The Sacketts sued, alleging that their property was not “waters of the United States.” The District Court entered summary judgment for the EPA.  The Ninth Circuit affirmed, holding that the CWA covers wetlands with an ecologically significant nexus to traditional navigable waters and that the Sacketts' wetlands satisfy that standard. Held: The CWA's use of “waters” in §1362(7) refers only to “geographic[al] features that are described in ordinary parlance as ‘streams, oceans, rivers, and lakes' ” and to adjacent wetlands that are “indistinguishable” from those bodies of water due to a continuous surface connection.  Rapanos v. United States, 547 U. S. 715, 755, 742, 739 (plurality opinion).  To assert jurisdiction over an adjacent wetland under the CWA, a party must establish “first, that the adjacent [body of water constitutes] . . . ‘water[s] of the United States' (i.e., a relatively permanent body of water connected to traditional interstate navigable waters); and second, that the wetland has a continuous surface connection with that water, making it difficult to determine where the ‘water' ends and the ‘wetland' begins.”  Ibid. Pp. 6–28. SOURCES USED FOR AUDIO AND OFFERING MORE INFORMATION Justia Company, “U.S. Supreme Court/The Daniel Ball, 77 U.S. 557 (1870), online at https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/77/557/. Justia Company, “U.S. Supreme Court/United States v. Riverside Bayview Homes, Inc., 474 U.S. 121 (1985), online at https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/474/121/.Justia Company, “U.S. Supreme Court/Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 531 U.S. 159 (2001),” online at https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/531/159/. Justia Company, “U.S. Supreme Court/Rapanos v. United States, 547 U.S. 715 (2006),” online at https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/547/715/. Justia Company, “U.S. Supreme Court/Sackett v. Environmental Protection Agency, 598 U.S. ___ (2023),” online at https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/598/21-454/. John Krunzel and Andrew Chung, “US Supreme Court rules against EPA in wetlands regulation challenge,” Reuters, May 25, 2023. Adam Liptak, “Supreme Court Limits E.P.A.'s Power to Address Water Pollution,” New York Times, May 25, 2023. John Lowenthal, “Summary on Sackett v. US EPA,” Society of Wetland Scientists [McLean, Va.], e-mail message sent May 26, 2023. Supreme Court of the United States, No. 21-454, Michael Sackett, et ux., Petitioners, v. Environmental Protection Agency, et al., May 25, 2023.  Cited as 598 U.S.__(2023).  The case was argued October 3, 2022.  The opinions (majority plus two concurring) are available online (as a PDF) at https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-454_4g15.pdf. Nina Totenberg, “The Supreme Court has narrowed the scope of the Clean Water Act.” NPR, May 25, 2023. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA):“EPA and Army Finalize Rule Establishing Definition of WOTUS and Restoring Fundamental Water Protections,” December 30, 2022, news release.“Revising the Definition of ‘Waters of the United States': Final Revised Definition of ‘Waters of the United States',” online at https://www.epa.gov/wotus/revising-def

united states music relationships new york university california power education washington college water state land new york times research zoom society tech government north carolina public national environment world war ii political court normal supreme court natural va humans dark rain web ocean defining types snow act citizens npr agency nebraska federal economic engineers idaho definition stream constitution priority whiskey environmental biology waters dynamic bay interior images grade resource bio domestic passed epa signature pond reuters marsh virginia tech dry scales upper atlantic ocean accent arial purposes life sciences pp govt compatibility colorful ls photographs environmental protection agency sections civics watershed times new roman district court wetlands freshwater chesapeake wg bog policymakers acknowledgment calibri new standard revising earth sciences supreme court cases cited blacksburg scalia water resources clean water act ninth circuit cwa anthony kennedy sols chamomile environmental protection agency epa stormwater sackett cambria math style definitions ar sa worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning wotus breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves united states history petitioners trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr centergroup latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub us epa smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority qformat lsdexception locked semihidden unhidewhenused cripple creek latentstyles table normal nina totenberg vus ibid community organizations name revision name bibliography grades k cumberland gap adam liptak forest resources colorful accent light accent dark accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web driving rain giles county audio notes tmdl water center msobodytext 20image virginia standards donotshowrevisions
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 657 (6-12-23): American Bullfrog

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later May 25, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (4:05).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra InformationSources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 5-24-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of June 12 and June 19, 2023.  This is a revised version of an episode from August 2011. MUSIC – ~12 sec – instrumental. That's part of “Frog Legs Rag,” composed in 1906 by James Scott of Missouri.  It opens an episode on a frog known for its large size, deep voice, and big appetite.  Have a listen for about 15 seconds to the following mystery sounds, and see if you know what's making the croaks.  And here's a hint: what would you get if you combined a male hoofed mammal with a jumping amphibian? SOUNDS - ~16 sec If you guessed a bullfrog, you're right!  You heard calls of the American Bullfrog, the largest native frog in North America, with a length typically of 4 to 6 inches and sometimes as much as 8 inches.  This large size helps account for the males' deep mating call, often described as “jug-o-rum” and audible over considerable distances.  Bullfrogs are found all over Virginia in ponds, lakes, and still-water sections of streams.  These kinds of permanent water bodies with shallow water and vegetation are needed for mating, for the laying of thousands of eggs in sheets on the water surface, and for the tadpoles' development period of one to two years.  Bullfrog tadpoles feed mostly on algae, aquatic plants, and insects or other invertebrates, while adults feed on insects, crayfish, other frogs, snakes, small mammals, and—according to one source—“anything that is moving and that they can at least partially swallow”.  In turn, bullfrogs are prey for various wildlife species and in some states are a game species for humans.  The American Bullfrog's native range is from the East Coast to the Great Plains.  Some of these native populations have declined due to habitat loss, water pollution, and pesticides, while the species' range has expanded through introductions into several western states. Thanks to the U.S. Geological Survey for providing the American Bullfrog recording.  Thanks also to Free Music Archive for providing access to a public domain version of “Frog Legs Rag,” and we close with another 20 seconds of that music. MUSIC – ~22 sec – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Virginia Water Radio episode revises and replaces Episode 74, 8-8-11. The sounds of the American Bullfrog heard in this episode were from the U.S. Geological Survey Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, online at https://www.umesc.usgs.gov/terrestrial/amphibians/armi/frog_calls.html. “Frog Legs Rag” was composed by James Scott (1885-1938) in 1906.  The version heard in this episode was from 1906 piano roll, accessed from Free Music Archive, online at https://freemusicarchive.org/music/James_Scott/Frog_Legs_Ragtime_Era_Favorites/01_-_james_scott_-_frog_legs_rag/.  The version was published as part of the 2010 album “Frog Legs: Ragtime Era Favorites,” online at https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Various_Artists_Kazoomzoom/Frog_Legs_Ragtime_Era_Favorites.  The site indicates that the “Frog Legs Rag” piano roll version is provided for use under Creative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0.  More information about “Frog Legs Rag” and about James Scott is available from Gonzaga University, online at https://digital.gonzaga.edu/digital/collection/p15486coll3/id/12932/, and from the Library of Congress online at https://www.loc.gov/item/ihas.200035819/. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGES American Bullfrog photographed in Alexandria, Va., May 21, 2023.  Photo by Caroline Quinn, made available on iNaturalist at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/163103785 (as of 5-25-23) for use under Creative Commons license “Attribution—Non-commercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).”  Information about this Creative Commons license is available online at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.American Bullfrog at Gavins Point National Fish Hatchery at Yukton, South Dakota, July 31, 2018.  Photo by Sam Stukel, made available for public use by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Digital Library, online at http://digitalmedia.fws.gov; specific URL for the photo was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/31921/rec/1, as of 5-25-23. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT THE AMERICAN BULLFROG The scientific name of the American Bullfrog is Lithobates catesbianus; formerly, the scientific name was Rana catesbiana. The following information is quoted from the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources (formerly Department of Game and Inland Fisheries), “Fish and Wildlife Information Service/American Bullfrog Life History,” online at https://services.dwr.virginia.gov/fwis/booklet.html?Menu=_.Life+History&bova=020004&version=19500, and “Food Habits,” online at https://services.dwr.virginia.gov/fwis/booklet.html?Menu=_.Food+Habits&bova=020004&version=19500. Physical Description This is the largest native North American frog species in Virginia.  Lengths range from 85-200mm (3.5-6 in).  ...Males are generally smaller than females, have a yellowish wash on their throat, and a larger tympanum [eardrum], thumb, and forearm.  The male breeding call is a deep, full series of notes best described as “jug-a-rum.”... Reproduction This species breeds from the late spring to early fall.  Males are territorial.  Mating success is influenced by the quality of the territory. ... Females lay one or two clutches per season.  Average clutch size is 12,000 eggs.  Clutches are laid in a film on the water surface.  Eggs hatch in approximately 5 days.  Tadpoles can be very large, 125-150 mm.  Metamorphosis usually takes 1 year [and] larvae will overwinter in ponds.  Larval survivorship is

music american relationships university game earth education guide college water state change land living research zoom tech food government north america environment normal natural fish va missouri humans dark rain web ocean animals snow behavior experiments weather citizens agency stream richmond east coast priority north american frogs plants environmental biology average native dynamic bay eggs images defending grade bio south dakota menu processes signature pond species virginia tech chapel hill atlantic ocean accent arial females library of congress toad life sciences metamorphosis males adaptations compatibility colorful reproduction populations ls sections aquatic watershed times new roman mating zoology chesapeake organisms reptiles free music archive great plains policymakers salamanders taxonomy acknowledgment calibri shenandoah toads amphibians cosgrove gonzaga university lengths north carolina press sols geological survey bullfrogs stormwater virginia department cambria math james scott tadpoles inaturalist style definitions ar sa worddocument crayfish bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent clutches punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused reay latentstyles table normal herpetology life history name revision name bibliography grades k wildlife resources biotic cumberland gap national aquarium international cc by nc light accent dark accent colorful accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web inland fisheries michigan museum larval ben cosgrove audio notes tmdl msobodytext 20image donotshowrevisions virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 656 (5-29-23): ‘Tis the Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Season 2023, Officially June 1 – November 30

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later May 23, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (5:10).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra InformationSources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 5-22-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of May 29 and June 5, 2023. SOUNDS – ~6 sec – loud thunder and rain. Sounds of rain and thunder open Water Radio's annual episode previewing a potential bunch of rainy, thunderous, windy, and dangerous summer and fall visitors.  Have a listen for about 35 seconds to some more stormy sounds accompanying 21 names that we hope will not become infamous this year. SOUNDS AND VOICES - ~34 sec – “Arlene.  Bret.  Cindy.  Don.  Emily.  Franklin.  Gert.  Harold.  Idalia.  Jose.  Katia.  Lee.  Margot.  Nigel.  Ophelia.  Philippe.  Rina.  Sean.  Tammy.  Vince.  Whitney.” Those were the names planned for storms that may occur during this year's Atlantic basin tropical cyclone season.  The Atlantic basin includes the Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico, and the Atlantic tropical cyclone season runs officially from June 1 through November 30.  Most Atlantic tropical cyclones occur within this period, but not all of them do.  In fact, every year from 2015 through 2021 had a named Atlantic basin storm before June 1.  [Editor's note, not in the audio: Pre-June named Atlantic storms from 2015 through 2021 were Ana in 2015, Alex in January 2016 and Bonnie in May 2016, Arlene in April 2017, Alberto in May 2018, Andrea in May 2019, Arthur and Bertha in May 2020, and Ana in May 2021.  The first named storm in 2022 officially formed on June 5, when on that day the National Hurricane Center upgraded Potential Tropical Cyclone One to Tropical Storm Alex.] Tropical storms and hurricanes are two categories of tropical cyclones, which are rotating storm systems that start in tropical or sub-tropical latitudes.  A tropical cyclone is called a tropical storm—and gets a name—when sustained wind speeds reach 39 miles per hour; at 74 miles per hour, a tropical cyclone is considered a hurricane.  Tropical depressions—with wind speeds below 39 miles per hour—don't get named if they never reach tropical storm wind speed, but they can still bring damaging rainfall and flooding.  Hurricane-force storms are called typhoons in northwestern areas of the Pacific Ocean.  [Editor's note, not in the audio: A tropical system that never gets above the tropical depression wind-speed level won't be given a name.  But a lingering tropical depression that previously was at the wind speed of a tropical storm or hurricane will have a name associated with it.] Before a tropical system of any speed or name barges into the Old Dominion, here are five important preparedness steps recommended by the National Weather Service. 1.  Know your zone – that is, find out if you live in a hurricane evacuation area by checking the Virginia Department of Emergency Management's “Hurricane Zone Evacuation Tool,” available online at  vaemergency.gov/prepare, or by contacting your local emergency management office. 2.  Assemble an emergency kit of food, water, flashlights, first aid materials, a battery-powered radio, and other items that would be useful in a power outage. 3.  Have a family emergency plan, including procedures for evacuating and for getting in touch with one another in an emergency. 4.  Review your insurance policies to ensure that you have adequate coverage for your home and personal property. And 5.  Establish ways to stay informed, especially if the power goes out. Detailed safety tips for hurricanes and other severe weather are available online from the National Weather Service, the Virginia Department of Emergency Management, the American Red Cross, and various other sources. Thanks to seven Virginia Tech colleagues for lending their voices to this episode. We close with about 25 seconds of original music for tropical storms, composed and performed by Torrin Hallett. Here's “Tropical Tantrum.” MUSIC - ~27 sec – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS All sounds in this episode were recorded by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg, Va. The tropical storm name call-outs by seven Virginia Tech faculty and staff were recorded on May 19, 2023.  The opening rain and thunder were recorded in Blacksburg on July 31, 2012.  The rain and thunder accompanying the name call-outs were recorded in Blacksburg on September 28, 2016. “Tropical Tantrum” is copyright 2017 by Torrin Hallett, used with permission.  As of 2022-2023, Torrin is the associate principal horn of the Symphonic Orchestra of the State of Mexico.  He is a 2018 graduate of Oberlin College and Conservatory in Oberlin, Ohio, a 2020 graduate in Horn Performance from Manhattan School of Music in New York, and a 2021 graduate of the Lamont School of Music at the University of Denver.  More information about Torrin is available online at https://www.facebook.com/torrin.hallett.  Thanks very much to Torrin for composing the piece especially for Virginia Water Radio.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio most recently in Episode 580, 6-7-21, a preview of the 2021 Atlantic tropical storm season. Following are other music pieces composed by Torrin Hallett for Virginia Water Radio, with episodes featuring the music. “A Little Fright Music” – used in Episode 548, 10-26-20, on water-related passages in fiction and non-fiction, for Halloween; Episode 601, 10-31-21, connections among Halloween, water, and the human boy; and Episode 640, 10-31-22, a Halloween-themed tree quiz.“Beetle Ballet” – used in Episode 525, 5-18-20, on aquatic beetles.“Chesapeake Bay Ballad” – used most recently in Episode 632, 7-18-22, on Chesapeake Bay conditions.“Corona Cue” – used in Episode 517, 3-23-20, on the coronavirus pandemic. “Flow Stopper” – used in Episode 599, 10-18-21, on “Imagine a Day Without Water.”“Geese Piece” – used most recently in 615, 2-7-22, on Brant.“Ice Dance” – “Ice Dance” – used most recently in Episode 606, 12-6-21, on freezing of water.“Lizard Lied” – used in Episode 514, 3-2-20, on lizards. “New Year's Water” – used most recently in Episode 610, 1-3-22, on water thermodynamics and a New Year's Day New River wade-in. “Rain Refrain” – used most recently in Episode 559, 1-11-21, on record rainfall in 2020. “Runoff” – in Episode 585, 7-12-21 – on middle schoolers calling out stormwater-related water words.“Spider Strike” – used in Episode 523, 5-4-20, on fishing spiders.“Tundra Swan Song – used in Episode 554, 12-7-20, on Tundra Swans.“Turkey Tune” – used in Episode 343, 11-21-16, on the Wild Turkey. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES National Hurricane Center map of the Atlantic tropical weather outlook for the next seven days, as of 8 a.m. EDT on May 23, 2023; map accessed online at https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/gtwo.php?basin=atlc&fdays=7.National Hurricane Center map showing the names, dates, and tracks of named Atlantic basin tropical cyclones (tropical storms and hurricanes) in 2022; map accessed online at https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/index.php?season=2022&basin=atl.“5 Things to Know About Hurricane Hazard Risks” poster from the National Weather Service, “What to Do Before the Tropical Storm or Hurricane,” online at https://www.weather.gov/safety/hurricane-plan.  The site also has posters with “5 Things to Know About…” having an evacuation plan, strengthening one's home, getting information, and insurance. EXTRA INFORMATION ON TROPICAL CYCLONE PREPAREDNESS The following information quoted from the National Weather Service, “Hurricane Safety,” online at https://www.weather.gov/safety/hurricane, May 22, 2023. Plan for a Hurricane: What to Do Before the Tropical Storm or Hurricane (online at https://www.weather.gov/safety/hurricane-plan) “The best time to prepare for a hurricane is before hurricane season begins on June 1.  It is vital to understand your home's vulnerability to storm surge, flooding, and wind.  Here is your checklist of things to do BEFORE hurricane seasons begins. “Know your zone: Do you live near the Gulf or Atlantic Coasts?  Find out if you live in a hurricane evacuation area by contacting your local government/emergency management office [or, in Virginia, by visiting https://www.vaemergency.gov/hurricane-evacuation-zone-lookup/]. “Put Together an Emergency Kit: Put together a basic emergency kit [information to do so is online at https://www.ready.gov/kit].  Check emergency equipment, such as flashlights, generators, and storm shutters. “Write or review your Family Emergency Plan: Before an emergency happens, sit down with your family or close friends and decide how you will get in contact with each other, where you will go, and what you will do in an emergency.  Keep a copy of this plan in your emergency supplies kit or another safe place where you can access it in the event of a disaster.  [Information to help with emergency plan preparation is online at https://www.ready.gov/plan.] “Review Your Insurance Policies: Review your insurance policies to ensure that you have adequate coverage for your home and personal property. “Understand NWS forecast products, especially the meaning of NWS watches and warnings. “Preparation tips for your home from the Federal Alliance for Safe Homes [available online at https://www.flash.org/]. “Preparation tips for those with chronic illnesses [available from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, online at https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/resources/infographic/emergency.htm].” Actions to Take When a Tropical Storm or Hurricane Threatens (online at https://www.weather.gov/safety/hurricane-action) “When a hurricane threatens your community, be prepared to evacuate if you live in a storm surge risk area.  Allow enough time to pack and inform friends and family if you need to leave your home. “Secure your home: Cover all of your home's windows.  Permanent storm shutters offer the best protection for windows.  A second option is to board up windows with 5/8 inch exterior grade or marine plywood, built to fit, and ready to install.  Buy supplies before the hurricane season rather than waiting for the pre-storm rush. “Stayed tuned in: Check the websites of your local National Weather Service office [online at https://www.weather.gov/] and local government/emergency management office.  Find out what type of emergencies could occur and how you should respond.  Listen to NOAA Weather Radio or other radio or TV stations for the latest storm news. “Follow instructions issued by local officials. Leave immediately if ordered! “If NOT ordered to evacuate:

united states tv music new york university new year halloween earth education college water mexico state research zoom tech government ohio national write plan greek environment normal natural va skills dark rain web ocean atlantic snow weather preparation hurricanes citizens air agency secure stream presidential pacific priority environmental dates bay images grade centers establish gulf permanent signature pond virginia tech bret detailed tropical pacific ocean scales atlantic ocean accent arial stayed assemble govt latest news compatibility colorful american red cross cyclone noaa brant edt katia sections hurricane irma runoff national archives civics emergency management watershed times new roman hurricane sandy chesapeake national weather service wg policymakers old dominion acknowledgment chesapeake bay conservatory calibri new standard wild turkey earth sciences glossary national oceanic tropical storms put together blacksburg atmospheric administration oberlin hurricane matthew sols stormwater virginia department caribbean sea cambria math nws style definitions ar sa worddocument safe home bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves north pacific trackformatting atmospheric administration noaa snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules lidthemeother latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub national hurricane center smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority wmo lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused cripple creek latentstyles table normal news releases emergency kit name revision name bibliography grades k cumberland gap msohyperlink torrin light accent dark accent colorful accent do before name message header name salutation name document map name normal web name closing audio notes tmdl national ocean service water center 20image donotshowrevisions virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 654 (5-1-23): A Springtime, Streamside Bird Adventure, Accompanied by the Birding Tool Merlin

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later May 1, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (4:03).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesSources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 4-28-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of May 1 and May 8, 2023. SOUND – ~ 7 sec That's the sound of Toms Creek in Heritage Park in Blacksburg, Va., on the morning of April 25, 2023.  Winding through the lowland portion of this 169-acre park, Toms Creek's floodplain features a number of vernal pools—seasonal bodies of water that typically dry up during the summer and provide spring habitat for amphibians, birds, and other creatures. Have a listen for about 20 seconds to some mystery bird sounds recorded near the creek and one of those pools on April 25, and see if you know, first, the four bird species you're hearing, and, second, the mobile device app used to record and identify those species.  And here's a hint to the app name: a mythical, Medieval character with this name would be impressed with the app's technological wizardry. SOUNDS  - ~21 sec – In order heard: Red-winged Blackbird, Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Northern Cardinal, Eastern Meadowlark, Cardinal again, Blackbird again. If you guessed the birds Red-winged Blackbird, Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Northern Cardinal, and Eastern Meadowlark, you're right!  And if you guessed the app Merlin, you've got the right name for a highly useful bird-identification tool from the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, located in Ithaca, New York.  Merlin allows users to get help identifying birds by sound, photo, or answering three questions about what one is seeing.  The Sound ID feature monitors birds sounds coming into one's mobile device and gives suggestions for species being heard; it currently has information on over 1000 species worldwide and over 500 in the United States and Canada.  The Photo ID offers species suggestions based on photos taken by the user.  And the Bird ID Wizard asks users questions about bird size, color, and activity and then gives possible matches.  These features are supported by another Cornell program, eBird, through which thousands of birders around the world contribute bird sightings, photos, and recordings. More information about Merlin, eBird, and other Cornell Lab of Ornithology programs is available online at allaboutbirds.org.  Thanks to Cornell for providing tools to help people learn about the feathered creatures inhabiting our streamsides, forests, city streets, backyards, and other habitats.  And we let one more of those creatures—a Brown Thrasher, also recorded with Merlin on April 25—have the last calls. SOUNDS  - ~8 sec SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES (Photographs are by Virginia Water Radio.) Toms Creek at Heritage Park in Blacksburg, Va., April 25, 2023.Vernal (seasonal) pool in Toms Creek floodplain in Heritage Park in Blacksburg, Va., April 25, 2023. SOURCES Used for Audio Sneed B. Collard, “The Best Birdsong Apps,” October 30, 2021, online at https://www.birdwatchingdaily.com/birds/field-guides-and-apps/best-birdsong-apps/. Cornell University Lab of Ornithology, “All About Birds,” online at http://www.allaboutbirds.org. Cornell University Lab of Ornithology, “Merlin®,” online at https://merlin.allaboutbirds.org/.  This is a mobile app to help users identify birds they see or hear; it includes a global bird guide with photos, sounds, and maps. Cornell University Lab of Ornithology, “eBird,” online at https://ebird.org/home.Chandler S. Robbins et al., A Guide to Field Identification of Birds of North America, St. Martin's Press, New York, 2001. Town of Blacksburg, Va., “Heritage Community Park and Natural Area,” online at https://www.blacksburg.gov/Home/Components/FacilityDirectory/FacilityDirectory/54/78.

united states new york university game canada world education guide college water state sound research zoom society tech government data foundation modern adventure environment press normal natural fish va dark rain web ocean tool animals birds snow citizens agency cambridge stream priority plants hormones environmental biology native bay images mercury bio commonwealth processes cornell signature medieval pond virginia tech cardinal scales merlin atlantic ocean accent arial springtime life sciences blackbird compatibility colorful ls photographs ithaca sections accompanied watershed times new roman zoology chesapeake policymakers acknowledgment minn birding calibri new standard blacksburg fairfax county ornithology collard blackbirds sols xeno stormwater virginia department cambria math style definitions ar sa worddocument vernal bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent fifteen minutes punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr centergroup latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub lmargin smallfrac dispdef rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority qformat lsdexception locked semihidden unhidewhenused cripple creek latentstyles table normal ebird name revision name bibliography grades k heritage park cumberland gap northern cardinal light accent dark accent colorful accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web inland fisheries virginia society michigan museum all about birds birdnote name mention name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl water center 20image virginia standards chandler s robbins
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 653 (4-17-23): The 14th Amendment and Water-related Civil Rights Claims - Part 2: A Water Context for the Amendment's First Supreme Court Interpretation (Episode Six of the Series, “Exploring Water in U.S. Civil Rights History”)

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 18, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (5:32).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImageExtra InformationSources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 4-14-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of April 17 and April 24, 2023.  This episode, the sixth in a series on water in U.S. civil rights history, continues our exploration of water connections to the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. MUSIC – ~23 sec – instrumental. That's part of “Mississippi Farewell,” by Dieter van der Westen.  It opens an episode on how Mississippi River water and public health were the context for the first U.S. Supreme Court ruling on the meaning and extent of the 14th Amendment.  One of three constitutional amendments passed and ratified soon after the Civil War, the 14th Amendment aimed to guarantee citizenship rights and legal protections, especially for newly freed Black people.  In 1873, the Supreme Court issued a ruling in three consolidated cases about wastes from livestock processing facilities in Louisiana; this ruling had decades-long implications for key parts of the 14th Amendment and for civil rights.  Have a listen to the music for about 25 more seconds, and see if you know the name of these consolidated Supreme Court cases. MUSIC – ~27 sec – instrumental. If you guessed The Slaughterhouse Cases, you're right!  As of the 1860s, some 300,000 livestock animals were slaughtered annually at facilities along the Mississippi River in and around New Orleans, upstream of water supply intakes, with much of the untreated waste from the process reaching the river.  Concerns over the potential for diseases from this water contamination led the Louisiana legislature to pass the Slaughterhouse Act of 1869.  This law authorized a single corporation to operate one slaughterhouse facility on the Mississippi downstream of New Orleans and required all butchers in the area to use that facility.  Butchers' organizations filed suit, alleging that the law infringed on their work rights in violation of the 14th Amendment's clauses prohibiting states from abridging the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States and from denying people equal protection of the laws. On April 14, 1873, the Supreme Court issued its ruling, with the majority opinion written by Justice Samuel Miller.  Miller's opinion upheld the Louisiana law, finding that that the slaughterhouse monopoly granted by the state was within the police powers to provide for public health and sanitation.  Justice Miller went further, however, in asserting that the 14th Amendment gave the federal government jurisdiction only over federal, or national, citizenship rights—that is, privileges and immunities—but not over rights historically considered to result from state citizenship.  Miller also asserted that the amendment's equal protection clause applied only to the case of Black people emancipated from slavery.  The Slaughterhouse Cases decision, along with other related Supreme Court decisions during the Reconstruction Era, created long-lasting legal barriers to federal government efforts against state-level violations of civil rights, such as racial and gender discrimination, voting restrictions, and failure to prevent or prosecute racially-motivated crimes of violence. Thanks to Dieter van der Westen and Free Music Archive for making this week's music available for public use, and we close with about 20 more seconds of “Mississippi Farewell.” MUSIC – ~22 sec – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Mississippi Farewell,” from the 2022 album “Belin to Bamako,” was made available on Free Music Archive, online at at https://freemusicarchive.org/music/dieter-van-der-westen/berlin-to-bamako/mississippi-farewell/.  as of 4-12-23, for use under the Creative Commons License “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International”; more information on that Creative Commons License is available online at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGE Birds' eye view of New Orleans in 1851.  Drawing by J. Bachman.  Image accessed from the Library of Congress' Prints and Photographs Online Catalog, online at https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/93500720, as of 4-18-23.  EXTRA INFORMATION ON THE 14TH AMENDMENT The following information about, and text of, the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was taken from National Archives, “Milestone Documents: 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Civil Rights (1868),” online at https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/14th-amendment. “Following the Civil War, Congress submitted to the states three amendments as part of its Reconstruction program to guarantee equal civil and legal rights to Black citizens.  A major provision of the 14th Amendment was to grant citizenship to ‘All persons born or naturalized in the United States,' thereby granting citizenship to formerly enslaved people. “Another equally important provision was the statement that ‘nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.'  The right to due process of law and equal protection of the law now applied to both the federal and state governments. “On June 16, 1866, the House Joint Resolution proposing the 14th Amendment to the Constitution was submitted to the states.  On July 28, 1868, the 14th amendment was declared, in a certificate of the Secretary of State, ratified by the necessary 28 of the 37 States, and became part of the supreme law of the land.” Text of 14th Amendment Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several states according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the executive and judicial officers of a state, or the members of the legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such state, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such state. Section 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any state, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any state legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any state, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability. Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void. Section 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. SOURCES Used for Audio Ashbrook Center at Ashland University, “Teaching American History/United States v. Cruikshank” undated, online at https://teachingamericanhistory.org/document/united-states-v-cruikshank/. Jack Beatty, Age of Betrayal: The Triumph of Money in America, 1865-1900, Vintage Books, New York, N.Y., 2007. Ronald M. Labbe and Jonathan Lurie, The Slaughterhouse Cases: Regulation, Reconstruction, and the Fourteenth Amendment, University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, 2003. Danny Lewis, “The 1873 Colfax Massacre Crippled the Reconstruction Era,” Smithsonian Magazine, April 13, 2016. Linda R. Monk, The Words We Live By: Your Annotated Guide to the Constitution, Hachette Books, New York, N.Y., 2015. Oyez (Cornell University Law School/Legal Information Institute, Justia, and Chicago-Kent College of Law), “Slaughter-House Cases,” online at https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/83us36. Melvin I. Urofsky and Paul Finkelman, A March of Liberty – A Constitutional History of the United States, Volume I: From the Founding to 1900, Third Edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K., 2011. John R. Vile, “Slaughterhouse Cases (1873),” Middle Tennessee State University/The First Amendment Encyclopedia, online at https://www.mtsu.edu/first-amendment/article/527/slaughterhouse-cases. Other Sources on the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution Cornell University Law School/Legal Information Institute: “U.S. Constitution/14th Amendment,” online at https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/amendmentxiv; and “Fourteenth Amendment,” online at https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/fourteenth_amendment_0. Thurgood Marshall Institute, “The 14th Amendment,” online at https://tminstituteldf.org/tmi-explains/thurgood-marshall-institute-briefs/tmi-briefs-the-14th-amendment/. NAACP, “Celebrate and Defend the Fourteenth Amendment Resolution,” 2013, online at https://naacp.org/resources/celebrate-and-defend-fourteenth-amendment. U.S. House of Representatives, “Constitutional Amendments and Major Civil Rights Acts of Congress Referenced in Black Americans in Congress,” online at https://history.house.gov/Exhibitions-and-Publications/BAIC/Historical-Data/Constitutional-Amendments-and-Legislation/. U.S. National Archives, “Milestone Documents: 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Civil Rights (1868),” online at https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/14th-amendment. U.S. Senate, “Landmark Legislation: The Fourteenth Amendment,” online at https://www.senate.gov/about/origins-foundations/senate-and-constitution/14th-amendment.htm. For More Information about Civil Rights in the United States British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), “The Civil Rights Movement in America,” online at https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zcpcwmn/revision/1. Howard University Law Library, “A Brief History of Civil Rights in the United States,” online at https://library.law.howard.edu/civilrightshistory/intro. University of Maryland School of Law/Thurgood Marshall Law Library, “Historical Publications of the United States Commission on Civil Rights,” online at https://law.umaryland.libguides.com/commission_civil_rights. U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, online at https://www.usccr.gov/. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “History” subject category. This episode is part of the series, Exploring Water in U.S. Civil Rights History.  As of April 17, 2023, other episodes in the series are as follows.Series overview – Episode 566, 3-1-21. Water Symbolism in African American Civil Rights History – Episode 591, 8-23-21. Uses of Water By and Against African Americans in U.S. Civil Rights History – Episode 616, 2-14-22. Water Places in U.S. Civil Rights History - Episode 619, 3-7-22.The 14th Amendment and Water-related Civil Rights Claims – Part 1: Introduction to the 14th Amendment – Episode 652, 4-3-23. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2015 Social Studies SOLs Grades K-3 Civics Theme3.12 – Importance of government in community, Virginia, and the United States, including government protecting rights and property of individuals. Virginia Studies CourseVS.9 – How national events affected Virginia and its citizens. United States History to 1865 CourseUSI.9 – Causes, events, and effects of the Civil War. United States History: 1865-to-Present CourseUSII.3 – Effects of Reconstruction on American life.USII.8 – Economic, social, and political transformation of the United States and the world after World War II. Civics and Economics CourseCE.2 – Foundations, purposes, and components of the U.S. Constitution.CE.3 – Citizenship rights, duties, and responsibilities.CE.6 – Government at the national level.CE.7 – Government at the state level.CE.10 – Public policy at local, state, and national levels. Virginia and United States History CourseVUS.7 – Knowledge of the Civil War and Reconstruction eras. Government CourseGOVT.3 – Concepts of democracy.GOVT.4 – Purposes, principles, and structure of the U.S. Constitution.GOVT.5 – Federal system of government in the United States.GOVT.7 – National government organization and powers.GO

united states america music american new york university history money black president education house college water law state research zoom tech government international vice president public national drawing new orleans congress celebrate environment world war ii normal supreme court natural states dark rain web ocean series birds louisiana snow effects concerns oxford civil war mississippi senate citizens agency federal economic stream foundations secretary commission context constitution senators priority environmental civil bay claims civil rights amendment indians legislation defend founding concepts interpretation citizenship signature pond representative brief history virginia tech reconstruction naacp atlantic ocean accent arial purposes westen govt mississippi river compatibility colorful dieter sections national archives civics watershed times new roman chesapeake exhibitions free music archive policymakers acknowledgment calibri butchers shenandoah maryland school bachman smithsonian magazine cosgrove 14th amendment fourteenth amendment usi sols third edition stormwater virginia department cambria math style definitions ar sa worddocument ashland university bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit united states history trackmoves trackformatting snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules lidthemeother latentstyles deflockedstate mathpr lidthemeasian latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent narylim intlim reconstruction era defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused latentstyles table normal vintage books hachette books chicago kent college vus justia cruikshank name revision name bibliography united states commission grades k cumberland gap civil rights history other sources colorful accent light accent dark accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web kansas press ashbrook center thurgood marshall institute name mention ben cosgrove paul finkelman name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes slaughterhouse cases tmdl water center virginia standards
Explicit Measures Podcast
204: Options for Source Control In Power BI

Explicit Measures Podcast

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 11, 2023 60:35


With the announcement of TMDL and new deployment pipelines features, where do we go from here? Where does Source Control exist for Power BI Developers and what do they need to know? Links: https://powerbi.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/announcing-public-preview-of-the-tabular-model-definition-language-tmdl/ https://powerbi.microsoft.com/en-us/blog/now-on-deployment-pipelines-view-items-code-changes-before-deploying-it/ Get in touch: Send in your questions or topics you want us to discuss by tweeting to @PowerBITips with the hashtag #empMailbag or submit on the PowerBI.tips Podcast Page. Visit PowerBI.tips: https://powerbi.tips/ Watch the episodes live every Tuesday and Thursday morning at 730am CST on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/powerbitips Subscribe on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/230fp78XmHHRXTiYICRLVv Subscribe on Apple: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/explicit-measures-podcast/id1568944083‎ Check Out Community Jam: https://jam.powerbi.tips Follow Mike: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michaelcarlo/ Follow Seth: https://www.linkedin.com/in/seth-bauer/ Follow Tommy: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tommypuglia/

Virginia Water Radio
Episode 652 (4-3-23): The 14th Amendment and Water-related Civil Rights Claims – Part 1: Introduction to the 14th Amendment (Episode Five of the Series, “Exploring Water in U.S. Civil Rights History”)

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Apr 4, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (5:06).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra InformationSources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 3-31-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of April 3 and April 10, 2023.  This episode, the fifth in a series on water in U.S. civil rights history, begins an exploration of water connections to the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. MUSIC – ~17 sec – instrumental. That's part of “Maple Leaf Rag,” composed by Scott Joplin and performed by Zachary Brewster-Geisz.   Scott Joplin, an African American from Texas who became known as the king of ragtime music, was born in 1868.  That year also brought the effective “birth” of the the 14th Amendment, which was ratified in July 1868.  Have a listen to the music for about 20 more seconds, and see if you know four areas of rights addressed by the amendment. MUSIC – ~22 sec – instrumental. If you guessed any of these, you're right: citizenship, privileges and immunities, due process, and equal protection.  Let's have a listen to the Section 1 of the amendment: “All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside.  No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.” Other sections of the amendment addressed citizens' right to vote, insurrection against the United States, Civil War debts and compensation, and finally—of great importance to future civil rights legislation—Congressional authority to enforce the amendment. The late U.S. Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall, in a 1987 speech, said the following about the 14th Amendment: quote, “While the Union survived the civil war, the Constitution did not.  In its place arose a new, more promising basis for justice and equality, the 14th Amendment, ensuring protection of the life, liberty, and property of all persons against deprivations without due process, and guaranteeing equal protection of the laws,” unquote. There may be no more important development in U.S. civil rights history—certainly in its legal history—than passage and ratification of the 14th Amendment.  Interestingly from a water perspective, the first U.S. Supreme Court interpretation of the amendment, in 1873, addressed a law focused on water and public health; about 100 years later, water infrastructure was at issue in another significant federal court claim under the amendment; and water infrastructure is the subject of a 2022 complaint filed under the federal Civil Rights Act of 1964, for which the amendment is a significant constitutional foundation.  This episode's overview sets the stage for upcoming episodes on those three 14th Amendment water stories. Thanks to Zachary Brewster-Geisz for making a recording of “Maple Leaf Rag” available for public use, and we close with about 20 more seconds of that well-known Scott Joplin tune. MUSIC – ~22 sec – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Maple Leaf Rag,” composed by Scott Joplin, was first published in 1899.  The recording heard in this Virginia Water Radio episode was by Zachary Brewster-Geisz, June 2006, made available on Free Music Archive, online at https://freemusicarchive.org/music/Scott_Joplin/Frog_Legs_Ragtime_Era_Favorites/03_-_scott_joplin_-_maple_leaf_rag/, as of 4-3-23, for use under Creative Commons Mark 1.0 License – Public Domain; more information on that Creative Commons License is available online at https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES Photographs of the June 1866 joint resolution in Congress proposing the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.  Images taken from the National Archives, online at https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/fourteenth-amendment, as of 4/3/23.  The images are made available for use under the Creative Commons license “Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International”; more information about that Creative Commons license is available online at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/. EXTRA INFORMATION ON THE 14TH AMENDMENT The following information about, and text of, the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was taken from National Archives, “Milestone Documents: 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Civil Rights (1868),” online at https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/14th-amendment. “Following the Civil War, Congress submitted to the states three amendments as part of its Reconstruction program to guarantee equal civil and legal rights to Black citizens.  A major provision of the 14th Amendment was to grant citizenship to ‘All persons born or naturalized in the United States,' thereby granting citizenship to formerly enslaved people. “Another equally important provision was the statement that ‘nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.'  The right to due process of law and equal protection of the law now applied to both the federal and state governments. “On June 16, 1866, the House Joint Resolution proposing the 14th Amendment to the Constitution was submitted to the states.  On July 28, 1868, the 14th amendment was declared, in a certificate of the Secretary of State, ratified by the necessary 28 of the 37 States, and became part of the supreme law of the land.” Text of 14th Amendment Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside. No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several states according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each state, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the executive and judicial officers of a state, or the members of the legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such state, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such state. Section 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any state, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any state legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any state, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability. Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any state shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void. Section 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.

united states america music american new york university history black president education house college water state research zoom tech government international vice president public national congress celebrate environment world war ii political normal supreme court natural states dark rain web ocean series snow effects civil war senate citizens agency federal economic stream foundations secretary commission constitution senators priority environmental vol civil bay images claims shaw domestic civil rights amendment indians legislation defend congressional concepts citizenship signature pond representative brief history virginia tech reconstruction naacp scales atlantic ocean accent arial purposes library of congress govt compatibility colorful photographs sections sewer national archives civics civil rights act watershed times new roman chesapeake exhibitions free music archive policymakers acknowledgment constitutional rights calibri new standard maryland school 14th amendment thurgood marshall fourteenth amendment usi sols scott joplin stormwater cornell law school virginia department cambria math style definitions ar sa worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit united states history trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused cripple creek latentstyles table normal hachette books vus name revision name bibliography grades k united states commission maple leaf rag cumberland gap civil rights history light accent dark accent colorful accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web kansas press legal information institute thurgood marshall institute patricia sullivan name mention name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl water center 20image waldo e martin license public domain virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 651 (3-20-23): Oceans and Marine Biodiversity in International Focus in March 2023

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 21, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (5:12).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesSourcesRelated Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 3-17-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of March 20 and March 27, 2023. MUSIC – ~24 sec – Lyrics: “We are on a ship, a great big ship.  It takes all of us to take care of it.  And we can use the stars to navigate our trip.  We are riding on a ship.” “That's part of “On a Ship,” by Blacksburg, Va., musician Kat Mills.  It opens an episode about two recent international meetings on our planetary ship's ocean waters.  Have a listen for about 15 seconds to sounds of two ocean-going creatures—a Humpback Whale, and a Leach's Storm-Petrel—and see if you know what aspect of ocean biology was a key focus of the meetings.  And here's a hint: you've got this, if you've got a lot of different living things in the sea. SOUNDS  - ~17 sec If you guessed marine biodiversity, you're right!  According to the American Museum of Natural History in New York, biodiversity means, quote, “the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to ecosystems, and can encompass the evolutionary, ecological, and cultural processes that sustain life,” unquote.  In early March 2023, two international gatherings focused on biodiversity in marine waters, including in what's called the “high seas,” the waters and ocean floor areas that are more than 200 nautical miles from any nation's shores and are not under any single nation's jurisdiction.  According to the Marine Conservation Institute, the high seas cover about half of the Earth's surface, contain great biodiversity, and are among the least-protected areas on Earth. On March 2 and 3, the eighth Our Ocean Conference was held in Panama, with participants from government, business, and non-profits making voluntary commitments for $20 billion towards protecting marine areas, addressing marine pollution, helping indigenous coastal communities, and other objectives.  Since 2014, Our Ocean Conference participants have made over 1800 commitments worth over $100 billion.  Meanwhile, at a United Nations conference on March 4 in New York, a majority of the world's nations agreed on language for a so-called “High Seas Treaty,” in the works since 2004.  If ultimately ratified by individual countries, it would facilitate protected areas, fund marine conservation, provide guidelines for marine genetic resources, and provide capacity building and technology transfer to developing states. Both meetings are part of a worldwide effort called 30 by 30, that is, by 2030 to conserve and restore 30 percent of the world's land and oceans important for biodiversity, a target set at a U.N. biodiversity conference in Montreal in December 2022. Thanks to Kat Mills for permission to use “On a Ship”; to the National Park Service for the Humpback Whale sound; and to Lang Elliott for the Leach's Storm-Petrel sound, from the Stokes Field Guide to Bird Songs.  We close with another musical selection whose title and tune may conjure up images of the oceans.  Here's about 15 seconds of “Driftage,” by Andrew and Noah VanNorstrand. MUSIC - ~17 sec – instrumental [start at about [5:14 and go to abrupt end at 5:30]. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “On a Ship,” from the 2015 album “Silver,” is copyright by Kat Mills, used with permission.  More information about Kat Mills is available online at http://www.katmills.com/.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio most recently in Episode 609, 12-27-21. The Humpback Whale sound was from the National Park Service ‘Sound Gallery,” online at https://www.nps.gov/subjects/sound/sounds-humpback-whale.htm, as of 3-16-23. The Leach's Storm-Petrel sound was from the Stokes Field Guide to Bird Songs-Eastern Region CD set, by Lang Elliott with Donald and Lillian Stokes (Time Warner Audio Books, copyright 1997), used with permission of Lang Elliott.  Lang Elliot's work is available online at the “Music of Nature” Web site, http://www.musicofnature.org/. “Driftage,” from the 2004 album of same name, is copyright by Andrew and Noah VanNorstrand and Great Bear Records, used with permission.  More information about Andrew and Noah and their bands is available online at https://andrewandnoah.bandcamp.com/music. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGES Humpback Whale.  Image from the NOAA [National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration] Photo Library, “NOAA's Ark/Whales,” online at https://photolib.noaa.gov/Collections/NOAAs-Ark; the URL for the specific photo was https://photolib.noaa.gov/Collections/NOAAs-Ark/Whales/emodule/722/eitem/30376, as of 3-21-23.Wilson's Storm-Petrels.  Photo by Lieutenant Elizabeth Crapo, accessed in the NOAA [National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration] Photo Library, “NOAA's Ark/Birds,” online at https://photolib.noaa.gov/Collections/NOAAs-Ark; the URL for the specific photo was https://photolib.noaa.gov/Collections/NOAAs-Ark/Birds/emodule/727/eitem/28716, as of 3-21-23.SOURCES Used for Audio Elizabeth Claire Alberts, “Panama ocean conference draws $20 billion, marine biodiversity commitments,” March 6, 2023, online at https://news.mongabay.com/2023/03/panama-ocean-conference-draws-20-billion-marine-biodiversity-commitments/. American Museum of Natural History, “What is Biodiversity?”  Online at https://www.amnh.org/research/center-for-biodiversity-conservation/what-is-biodiversity. Audubon, “Leach's Storm-Petrel,” online at https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/leachs-storm-petrel. Michael Casey, “Historic biodiversity agreement reached at UN conference,” Associated Press, December 19, 2022. Catrin Einhorn, “Nations Agree on Language for Historic Treaty to Protect Ocean Life; The United Nations agreement is a significant step toward protecting biodiversity under growing threat from climate change, overfishing and seabed mining,” New York Times, March 4, 2023. Catrin Einhorn, “Nearly Every Country Signs On to a Sweeping Deal to Protect Nature,” New York Times, December 20, 2022. Christina Larson and Patrick Whittle, “Nations reach accord to protect marine life on high seas,” AP [Associated Press] News, March 5, 2023. Marine Conservation Institute, “Protecting the High Seas,” online at https://marine-conservation.org/high-seas/. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, “Indonesian Delegation Successfully States Commitment to Protecting the Marine Environment at the Our Ocean Conference 2023,” March 3, 2023. NOAA [National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration] Fisheries, “Humpback Whale,” online at https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/humpback-whale. Our Ocean Panama March 2-3. 2023, online at https://ouroceanpanama2023.gob.pa/, as of 3/16/23. St. Louis Post-Dispatch Editorial Board, “Editorial: Developing accord could vastly improve oceans' survival chances,” March 12, 2023. United Nations, “UN delegates reach historic agreement on protecting marine biodiversity in international waters,” UN News, March 5, 2023. United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, online at https://www.cbd.int/article/cop15-final-text-kunming-montreal-gbf-221222, “COP15: Final text of Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework,” December 22, 2022, News Release. United Nations Intergovernmental Conference on Marine Biodiversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction, online at https://www.un.org/bbnj/. U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), “USAID Announces New Programs to Protect Our Ocean at the 2023 Our Ocean Conference,” March 3, 2023. Worldwide Fund for Nature, “Whales Without Boundaries – Why the High Seas Matter,” online at https://wwfwhales.org/news-stories/whales-without-boundaries-why-the-high-seas-matter. John Yang and Lorna Baldwin, “Historic deal to protect ocean biodiversity reached at UN conference,” PBS NewsHour, March 5, 2023.  [6 min./45 sec. video with transcript.] For More Information about Biodiversity in Oceans and Elsewhere National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), online at https://www.noaa.gov/. Some of the agency's many specific topic pages are the following:“Biological Diversity and Related Issues,” online at https://www.noaa.gov/biological-diversity-and-related-issues;“Ocean Exploration Facts,” online at https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/facts/facts.html;“Marine Life,” online at https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/marine-life;“U.S. Marine Biodiversity Observing Network,” online at https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/news/apr16/mbon.html. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Birds” and “Mammals” subject categories. Following is a link to a previous episode on biodiversity (generally in Virginia, not specifically marine biodiversity). Episode 260, 4-6-15 – Biodiversity in Virginia and the Southern Appalachian Mountains. Following are links to some previous episodes on organisms inhabiting oceans. Episode 399, 12-18-17 – Whales in Song, Sound, and Migration Past Virginia.Episode 542, 9-14-20 – Dolphins in Sound and Music.Episode 551, 11-16-20 – Sea Creatures Sound Off. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in the episode's post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-4: Living Systems and Processes2.5 – Living things are part of a system.3.5 – Aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems support a diversity of organisms. Grades K-5: Earth and Space Systems3.7 – There is a water cycle and water is important to life on Earth.4.7 – The ocean environment. Grades K-5: Earth Resources3.8 – Natural events and humans influence ecosystems.4.8 – Virginia has important natural resources. Grade 66.6 – Water has unique physical properties and has a role in the natural and human-made environment.6.8 – Land and water have roles in watershed systems.6.9 – Humans impact the environment and individuals can influence public policy decisions related to energy and the environment. Life ScienceLS.6 – Populations in a biological community interact and are interdependent.LS.8 – Change occurs in ecosystems, communities, populations, and organisms over time.LS.9 – Relationships exist between ecosystem dynamics and human activity. Earth ScienceES.6 – Resource use is complex.ES.10 – Oceans are complex, dynamic systems subject to long- and short-term variations. BiologyBIO.8 – Dynamic equilibria exist within populations, communities, and ecosystems. 2015 Social Studies SOLs Grades K-3 Economics Theme2.8 – Natural, human, and capital resources.3.8 – Understanding of cultures and of how natural, human, and capital resources are used for goods and services. United States History: 1865-to-Present CourseUSII.9 – Domestic and international issues during the second half of the 20th Century and the early 21st Century. Civics and Economics CourseCE.6 – Government at the national level.CE.10 – Public policy at local, state, and national levels. World Geography CourseWG.2 – How selected physical and ecological processes shape the Earth's surface, including climate, weather, and how humans influence their environment and are influenced by it.WG.4 – Types and significance of natural, human, and capital resources.WG.18 – Cooperation among political jurisdictions to solve

united states music relationships new york university earth education college water online state change land living new york times sound song research zoom nature tech government international ministry public language environment political normal natural va humans dark rain web ocean birds types snow protecting cd citizens nations montreal agency indonesia silver marine united nations stream republic priority ship historic whales environmental biology dolphins dynamic bay images grade resource panama bio domestic index processes signature pond associated press virginia tech cooperation atlantic ocean accent arial foreign affairs life sciences natural resources biodiversity govt natural history compatibility colorful populations ls national park service noaa leach sections aquatic civics mammals watershed times new roman chesapeake pbs newshour high seas wg policymakers acknowledgment editorial board calibri earth sciences shenandoah american museum national oceanic audubon blacksburg cosgrove biological diversity louis post dispatch marine life sols humpback whales stormwater virginia department cambria math style definitions ar sa international development usaid worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent united nations convention punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit united states history trackmoves atmospheric administration noaa trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused birdsongs latentstyles table normal news releases vml vus michael casey name revision living systems name bibliography grades k space systems cumberland gap marine environment high seas treaty colorful accent light accent dark accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web john yang name mention ben cosgrove name hashtag noaa national oceanic name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl lang elliott msobodytext water center christina larson 20image lang elliot virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 650 (3-6-23): Early March Brings Severe Weather Awareness Week to Virginia

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Mar 6, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (4:27).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 3-3-23.TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of March 6 and March 13, 2023. MUSIC – ~ ~21 sec – instrumental. That's part of “Driving Rain,” by the Charlottesville- and Nelson County, Va.-based band, Chamomile and Whiskey.  It opens an episode on Severe Weather Awareness Week in Virginia, which in 2023 is being observed March 6 through March 10.  Have a listen to the music for about 25 more seconds, and see if you know six kinds of severe weather threats. MUSIC - ~24 sec – Lyrics: “In the driving rain,” then instrumental. Six weather-related disaster threats, as listed by the “Prepare” Web site of the Virginia Department of Emergency Management, or VDEM, are the following: extreme heat; flooding; hurricanes; thunderstorms plus lightning; tornadoes; and winter weather.  Helping people be aware of and prepared for weather-related threats is the reason for Severe Weather Awareness Week, which in Virginia is being promoted by VDEM and the National Weather Service's Wakefield Forecast Office.  As VDEM states in its online information, the week is, quote, “designed to refresh, remind, and educate everyone about the seasonal threats from severe weather and how to avoid them.  It's also a great time to make and practice your emergency plan!,” unquote.  Each weekday of Severe Weather Awareness week is dedicated to a particular topic; for 2023, the topics are these: Monday, March 6 – watches and warnings; Tuesday, March 7 – tornadoes, including a chance to practice a safety plan during a statewide tornado drill at 9:45 a.m. that day; Wednesday, March 8 – severe thunderstorms and associated hail, lightning, and wind; Thursday, March 9 – flash flooding; and Friday, March 10 – outdoor weather safety.  Information on all of these topics, and on how to participate in the March 7 statewide tornado drill, is available from VDEM, online at vaemergency.gov/severe-weather-awareness. Thanks to VDEM, the National Weather Service, and other federal, state, and local agencies and organizations that help people prepare for and respond to severe weather and many other kinds of emergencies.  Thanks also to Chamomile and Whiskey for permission to use this episode's music, and we close with about 15 more seconds of “Driving Rain.” MUSIC  - ~16 sec – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Driving Rain,” from the 2012 album “The Barn Sessions,” is copyright by Chamomile and Whiskey and by County Wide Records, used with permission.  More information about Chamomile and Whiskey is available online at http://www.chamomileandwhiskey.com/.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio most recently in Episode 629, 6-6-22. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES (Except as otherwise noted, photographs are by Virginia Water Radio.) Flooding-awareness sign along Fort Valley Road, beside Passage Creek, at the county line between Shenandoah and Warren counties in Virginia, August 22, 2016. Weather-emergency shelter sign on the Virginia Tech campus in Blacksburg, March 11, 2019.Rain bands of Hurricane Isobel over Virginia as seen from National Weather Service radar at Wakefield, Va., September 18, 2003.  Photo accessed from the NOAA Photo Library (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/U.S. Department of Commerce), online at https://photolib.noaa.gov/, accessed 3-6-23 (specific URL for the image was https://photolib.noaa.gov/Collections/National-Weather-Service/Exploring-the-Atmosphere/Radar-Other-Methods/emodule/649/eitem/4199).EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT WEATHER SAFETY The following safety recommendations were taken from National Weather Service/Wakefield, Va., Forecast Office, “Virginia Severe Weather Awareness Week 2023/Friday: Outdoor Weather Safety,” online at https://www.weather.gov/akq/SevereWeatherAwareness, as of 3-6-23. “Know Before You Go! Before heading outdoors, check the latest forecast from https://www.weather.gov/akq/[for the Hampton Roads, Va., region], or from [another] trusted weather source.  If severe weather is expected, stay home, or go before the weather is expected to deteriorate. “Monitor the Weather.  Have a NOAA Weather Radio, and/or apps that have radar and lightning data.  Make sure you have a way to receive weather warnings.  “Stop all Activities when you hear thunder or when weather conditions look threatening.  The first lightning strike can come out of a clear blue sky many miles ahead of an approaching thunderstorm cloud. “Know your area.  In hilly terrain, flash floods can strike with little or no advance warning.  Distant rain may be channeled into gullies and ravines, turning a quiet stream into a rampaging torrent in minutes.  Never camp on low ground next to streams since a flash flood can catch you while you're asleep. “Turn Around Don't Drown.  If you come upon flood waters, stop, turn around, and go another way.  Climb to higher ground. “When Thunder Roars Go Indoors.  There is no 100% safe shelter outside.  The only place of safety from lightning is inside a vehicle or a substantial, enclosed structure.  Do not take shelter in small sheds, under isolated trees, or in convertible automobiles.  Stay away from tall objects such as towers, fences, telephone poles, and power lines.” SOURCES USED FOR AUDIO AND OFFERING MORE INFORMATION National Weather Service/Wakefield, Va., Forecast Office, online at https://www.weather.gov/akq/SevereWeatherAwareness/. Virginia Department of Emergency Management (VDEM):“Severe Weather Awareness Week” (including information on the statewide tornado drill), online at https://www.vaemergency.gov/severe-weather-awareness/; and“Prepare: Be Ready When Disaster Strikes,” online at https://www.vaemergency.gov/prepare/.  At this site, the kinds of severe weather listed under “Disaster Threats Information,” as of 2-28-23, were the following (with links to more information):Extreme heat: https://www.vaemergency.gov/threats/extreme-heat/;Floods: https://www.vaemergency.gov/threats/floods/;Hurricanes: https://www.vaemergency.gov/threats/hurricanes/;Lightning and thunderstorms: https://www.vaemergency.gov/threats/lightning-and-thunderstorms/;Tornadoes: https://www.vaemergency.gov/threats/tornadoes/;Winter weather: https://www.vaemergency.gov/threats/winter-weather/. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Weather/Climate/Natural Disasters” subject category. Following are links to some other episodes on severe weather preparedness.Episode 489, 9-9-19 – on storm surge. Episode 568, 3-15-21 – on tornadoes.Episode 629, 6-6-22 – most recent annual season-preview episode. Episode 470, 4-29-19 – on weather messages (watches, warnings, etc.). Episode 643, 12-5-22 – most recent annual winter-preparedness episode. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post.

music university earth education college water state change research zoom tech government national environment normal natural va dark rain web ocean snow weather hurricanes citizens commerce air agency extreme stream priority whiskey environmental biology lightning dynamic bay images activities grade bio climb index signature monitor pond charlottesville virginia tech scales floods flooding atlantic ocean distant accent arial life sciences natural resources govt compatibility colorful wakefield tornadoes ls drown sections civics emergency management watershed times new roman chesapeake national weather service wg policymakers acknowledgment awareness week calibri new standard earth sciences shenandoah severe weather hampton roads blacksburg know before you go sols chamomile stormwater virginia department cambria math style definitions ar sa worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr centergroup latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub lmargin smallfrac dispdef rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority qformat lsdexception locked semihidden unhidewhenused cripple creek latentstyles table normal early march name revision name bibliography space systems grades k biotic cumberland gap nelson county light accent dark accent colorful accent name message header name salutation name document map name normal web name closing name mention driving rain name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl water center 20image virginia standards donotshowrevisions
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 649 (2-20-23): Another Spring's Approach Calls for Another Frog and Toad Medley

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 21, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (4:45).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 2-17-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of February 20 and February 27, 2023.  This is a follow-up to a similar episode from February 2018. SOUND - ~6 secThat sound of a mid-February rainfall in Blacksburg, Va., opens an episode on creatures who show up, sound off, and pair up every year, starting in mid- to late winter, in temporary pools and other water bodies.  Have a listen for about 50 seconds to a series of mystery sounds, and see if you can guess what animals are making this variety of peeps, clicks, clucks, and honks.  And here's a hint: the first warm rains of each year jump-start these creatures.SOUNDS - ~52 sec If you guessed frogs and toads, you're right!  Those were the calls of the following nine frog or toad species: Little Grass Frog; Upland Chorus Frog; Southern Chorus Frog; Coastal Plains Leopard Frog; Green Treefrog; Squirrel Treefrog; Oak Toad; Pine Woods Treefrog; and Eastern Narrow-mouthed Toad.  These nine are part of Virginia's 28 native species of frogs and toads.  Starting as early as January for some species—like the Little Grass Frog—frogs and toads move from overwintering habitats to temporary pools, ponds, streams, marshes, or other wet areas, where males use distinctive calls to attract females for breeding.  As spring arrives and progresses into summer, Virginia's aquatic areas attract a procession of species with different breeding and calling periods. Whether or not the weather at the moment looks or feels like spring, early frog and toad calls are sure signs of seasonal changes in the air, on the land, and in the water.Thanks to the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources, formerly the Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, and to Lang Elliott for permission to use this week's sounds, from the 2008 CD, “The Calls of Virginia Frogs and Toads.” We close with some music for frogs and toads.  Here's about 20 seconds of the tune of “Five Green and Speckled Frogs,” a folk song used traditionally for teaching children to count, in an instrumental version recorded for Virginia Water Radio by Virginia musician Stewart Scales. MUSIC - ~22 sec – instrumental.SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Virginia Water Radio episode follows up a previous “Frog and Toad Medley” in Episode 408, 2-19-18; species included in that episode (in the order heard in the episode's audio) were Wood Frog, Spring Peeper, American Toad, Mountain Chorus Frog, Pickerel Frog, American Bullfrog, Carpenter Frog, Fowler's Toad, Northern Cricket Frog, Green Frog, and Gray Treefrog. The rainfall sound was recorded by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg on February 17, 2023. The sounds of the frogs and toads heard in this episode were excerpted from “The Calls of Virginia Frogs and Toads” CD, copyright 2008 by the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (now the Department of Wildlife Resources) and Lang Elliott/NatureSoundStudio, used with permission.   The CD accompanies A Guide to the Frogs and Toads of Virginia, Special Publication Number 3, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries; as of February 16, 2023, that publication is no longer available at Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources online store, https://www.shopdwr.com/.  For more information, contact the Department at P.O. Box 90778, Henrico, VA 23228-0778; phone: (804) 367-1000 (VTDD); main Web page is https://dwr.virginia.gov/; to send e-mail, visit https://dwr.virginia.gov/contact/.  Lang Elliott's work is available online at the “Music of Nature” Web site, http://www.musicofnature.org/. “Five Green and Speckled Frogs” is a traditional folk song long used for children learning to count, according to the All Nursery Rhymes Web site, online at http://allnurseryrhymes.com/five-little-speckled-frogs/; and the Songs for Teaching Web site, online at http://www.songsforteaching.com/folk/fivegreenandspeckledfrogs-lyrics.php(a vocal recording of the song is available there). The banjo-and-guitar version in this episode was recorded for Virginia Water Radio by Stewart Scales on March 31, 2016, used previously in Episode 310, 4-4-16.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. The sequence of calls heard in this week's audio follows generally the order in which the different species begin their annual breeding call period, according to the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources, “Virginia Frog Phenology (Calling/Breeding Periods),” online (as a PDF) at https://www.virginiaherpetologicalsociety.com/education/edu-graphics/frog_and_toads/va-frog-and-toad-phenology-updated-02-21-2022.pdf. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGES Green Treefrog at Port Louisa National Wildlife Refuge, located along the Mississippi River at the Illinois-Iowa border, August 2016.  Photo by Jessica Bolser, made available for public use by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Digital Library, online at http://digitalmedia.fws.gov; specific URL for the image was https://digitalmedia.fws.gov/digital/collection/natdiglib/id/31556/rec/1 (as of 2-20-23).Coastal Plains Leopard Frog, photographed at Assateague Island National Seashore in Virginia (Accomack County), April 7, 2019.  Photo by Joe Schell, made available on iNaturalist at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/22151626(as of 2-20-23) for use under Creative Commons license “Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)”  Information about this Creative Commons license is available online at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Oak Toad (location and date not identified).  Photo by Matthew Niemiller, made available on iNaturalist, online at https://www.inaturalist.org/guide_taxa/8512(as of 2-20-23), for use under Creative Commons License “Attibution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC 2.0)”; for more on that attribution category, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/.Upland Chorus Frog, photographed in Farmville, Virginia (Prince Edward County), February 16, 2023.  Photo by Ty Smith, made available on iNaturalist at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/148942454(as of 2-20-23) for use under Creative Commons license “Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)”  Information about this Creative Commons license is available online at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode.Images (as well as sounds, range maps, and other information) of other frogs and toads found in Virginia are available from the Virginia Herpetological Society, “Frogs & Toads of Virginia,” online at https://www.virginiaherpetologicalsociety.com/amphibians/frogsandtoads/frogs_and_toads_of_virginia.htm. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT THE FROGS MENTIONED IN THIS EPISODE Below are the scientific names (in italics) of the frog and toad species mentioned in this Virginia Water Radio episode.  The names are according to the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources (formerly Department of Game and Inland Fisheries), “Fish and Wildlife Information Service,” online at https://services.dwr.virginia.gov/fwis/. Coastal Plains Leopard Frog – Lithobates sphenocephalus.  (This species was formerly known as the Southern Leopard Frog).Eastern Narrow-mouthed Toad – Gastrophryne carolinensis.Green Treefrog – Hyla cinerea.Little Grass Frog – Pseudacris ocularis.Oak Toad – Anaxyrus quercicus.Pine Woods Treefrog – Hyla femoralis.Southern Chorus Frog – Pseudacris nigrita.Squirrel Treefrog – Hyla squirella.Upland Chorus Frog – Pseudacris feriarum. SOURCES Used for Audio John D. Kleopfer and Chris S. Hobson, A Guide to the Frogs and Toad of Virginia, Special Publication Number 3, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (now Department of Wildlife Resources), Richmond, Va., 2011. Virginia Herpetological Society, “Frogs & Toads of Virginia,” online at https://www.virginiaherpetologicalsociety.com/amphibians/frogsandtoads/frogs_and_toads_of_virginia.htm.  Herpetology is the study of amphibians and reptiles. Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources (formerly Department of Game and Inland Fisheries), “Fish and Wildlife Information Service,” online at https://services.dwr.virginia.gov/fwis/.  This site has detailed information on life history, distribution, habitat, and other aspects of species.  Information specifically for the frogs and toads mentioned in this episode is at the following links:Coastal Plains Leopard Frog;Eastern Narrow-mouthed Toad;Green Treefrog;Little Grass Frog;Oak Toad;Pine Woods Treefrog;Southern Chorus Frog;Squirrel Treefrog;Upland Chorus Frog. Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources, “List of Native and Naturalized Fauna in Virginia, August 2022,” online (as a PDF) at https://dwr.virginia.gov/wp-content/uploads/virginia-native-naturalized-species.pdf. For More Information about Frogs, Toads, and Other Amphibians in Virginia and Elsewhere Bernard S. Martof, et al., Amphibians and Reptiles of the Carolinas and Virginia, University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 1980. J.C. Mitchell and K.K. Reay, Atlas of Amphibians and Reptiles in Virginia, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries/Richmond (now Department of Wildlife Resources), 1999; available online (as a PDF) at https://www.virginiaherpetologicalsociety.com/atlases/mitchell-atlas.pdf, courtesy of the Virginia Herpetological Society. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, “Animal Diversity Web,” online at https://animaldiversity.org/. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), “ARMI (Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative),” online at https://armi.usgs.gov/. Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources, “A Guide to the Salamanders of Virginia,” online at https://dwr.virginia.gov/wildlife/salamanders/. Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources, “A Guide to Virginia's Frogs & Toads,” online at https://dwr.virginia.gov/wildlife/frogs-and-toads/. Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources, “Virginia is for Frogs,” online at https://dwr.virginia.gov/wildlife/virginia-is-for-frogs/. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Amphibians” subject category. Following are links to other episodes that feature or mention the species noted in this episode. Episode 482, 7-22-19 – on the Oak Toad (along with Southern Toad).Episode 509, 1-27-20 – on the Little Grass Frog (along with the Wood Frog).Episode 515, 3-9-20 – on the Coastal Plains Leopard Frog.Episode 516, 3-16-20 – a spring sounds, including that of the Upland Chorus Frog.Episode 620, 3-14-22 – on the chorus frog group, including the Little Grass Frog, Southern Chorus Frog, and Upland Chorus Frog (along with several others). FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at

music university game earth starting education guide college water state change land living sound research zoom spring tech government songs environment normal natural fish va dark rain web ocean animals snow weather cd citizens agency stream richmond priority frogs plants environmental biology native bay images grade bio menu index processes signature pond virginia tech chapel hill scales fowler atlantic ocean accent arial toad life sciences natural resources carolinas mississippi river adaptations compatibility attribution colorful populations ls medley sections aquatic watershed times new roman zoology chesapeake organisms reptiles policymakers salamanders taxonomy acknowledgment calibri new standard shenandoah toads farmville wildlife service blacksburg amphibians cosgrove north carolina press sols stormwater virginia department cambria math inaturalist style definitions ar sa worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules lidthemeother latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused reay latentstyles table normal ty smith herpetology henrico living systems name revision name bibliography grades k space systems wildlife resources hyla cumberland gap international cc by nc light accent dark accent colorful accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web inland fisheries illinois iowa michigan museum ben cosgrove wood frog name mention name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl lang elliott msobodytext water center assateague island national seashore 20image virginia standards
The Clean Water Pod
Unraveling Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs): The Math and the Path to Restoring a Waterbody

The Clean Water Pod

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 16, 2023 44:28


How much is too much? A Total Maximum Daily Load, or TMDL, is both the calculation and the plan to meet water quality standards. A TMDL defines the maximum amount of a specific pollutant allowed to be in a waterbody for it to meet designated water quality standards. While a specific equation, a TMDL is also what we call the plan that outlines how to reduce pollutant loads. TMDLs are typically developed by states and approved by the EPA, and represent a watershed-level strategy to meet the goals of the Clean Water Act. Podcast guests share their experiences developing and implementing TMDLs in two regions of the country, as well as the role of assessment and monitoring, innovative tools, and collaboration.   About our guests: Traci Iott is the supervising environmental analyst with the Water Quality Group at the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection (CT DEEP), where she oversees the implementation of the Water Quality Standards and 303(d) programs. Iott also serves as the co-chair of the Watersheds Committee with the Association of Clean Water Administrators. Ron Steg is the TMDL and assessment program manager for the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality. He has over 35 years of experience working with water quality issues throughout the country and has spent the last 22 years focusing on implementing the various aspects of the Clean Water Act 303(d) program in the Rocky Mountain West. Learn more about TMDL's at https://www.epa.gov/tmdl/overview-total-maximum-daily-loads-tmdls Follow us @cleanwaterpod on Twitter to keep up with the latest podcast news! Learn more about NEIWPCC at neiwpcc.org.

Virginia Water Radio
Episode 648 (2-6-23): Voting on Water in the 2023 Virginia General Assembly

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Feb 7, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (5:58).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImageExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 2-3-23.TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of February 6 and February 13, 2023.  This is the last of a series of three planned episodes this winter on the Virginia General Assembly. MUSIC – ~12 sec – instrumental. That's part of “Midwinter Etude,” by Timothy Seaman of Williamsburg, Va.  The astronomical midwinter date of February 3 was also just about the midpoint of the Virginia General Assembly's planned 46-day session for 2023.  This year, the Assembly has been considering nearly 2400 bills, including budget bills with proposed amendments to the current biennial budget.  About 130 of those bills involve water, either focusing specifically on water resources or on land uses that have impacts on water. This is Virginia Water Radio's annual episode giving youa chance to imagine being an Assembly member, and to consider how you'd vote on some water-related measures.  I'll briefly describe nine measures.  After each description, you'll have a few seconds of a ticking clock sound to decide if you would vote for or against the idea, and then I'll give the measure's status, as of February 3. Nos. 1 and 2.  House Bill 2004 would require Virginia natural and historic resource agencies to establish policies and procedures for consulting with federally recognized Tribal Nations in Virginia when the agencies evaluate certain permits that potentially could impact those Tribal Nations.  [SOUND – ~2 sec – ticking]  The bill was in a House committee, while its companion bill, Senate Bill 1332, had passed the Senate. No. 3.  House Bill 1917would require the Board of Health to adopt regulations to adopt regulations governing public swimming pools and other public water recreational facilities.  [SOUND – ~2 sec – ticking]  The bill was in a House committee. No. 4.  Senate Bill 897 would allow the Governor's Agriculture and Forestry Industries Development Fund to be used for aquaculture, and it would specifically designate money from that fund for a Blue Catfish Processing, Flash Freezing, and Infrastructure Grant Program.  [SOUND – ~2 sec – ticking]  The bill had passed the Senate. Nos. 5 and 6.  House Bill 1485and Senate Bill 1129 would (among other provisions) delay for four years or two years, respectively, the effective date for regulatory actions on certain agricultural practices under the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Implementation Plan, which was required by the 2010 federal Chesapeake Bay Total Maximum Daily Load process.  [SOUND – ~2 sec – ticking]  The House bill had passed the House and was in a Senate committee; the Senate bill was on the Senate floor. Nos. 7 and 8: House Bill 2189 would require certain industries to test their wastewater for several of the substances known collectively as PFAS chemicals and to transmit the results to the relevant wastewater treatment facility.  And Senate Bill 1013 would require waterworks owners to notify customer when certain PFAS chemicals are present in the water supply above certain levels.  [SOUND – ~2 sec – ticking]  The House bill was on the House floor, and the Senate bill had passed the Senate.  And No. 9.  Senate Bill 1012 would prohibit state agencies from using single-use plastic bags, cutlery, straws, water bottles, or food containers, except during a declared state of emergency.  [SOUND – ~2 sec – ticking]  The bill failed in committee. These measures, like most bills or resolutions, involve much more detail than you've heard here, and bills often get amended significantly.  The Assembly's Web site, virginiageneralassembly.gov, has tools to help you get more information and to express your opinions to Assembly members.  The 2023 Virginia General Assembly is scheduled to adjourn on February 25, so time is quickly ticking away. Thanks to Timothy Seaman for permission to use this week's opening music.  We close with another musical selection, whose title reflects the rapid pace of important business that characterizes General Assembly sessions.  Here's about 25 seconds of “The Race,” by the Harrisonburg- and Rockingham County, Va.-based band, The Steel Wheels. MUSIC – ~25 sec – “Tempest turns and the winds are wailing.  Oh we got a race that must be run, oh we got a race that must be run; oh we got a race that must be run, oh we got a race that must be run.” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Midwinter Etude,” from the 1996 album “Incarnation,” is copyright by Timothy Seaman and Pine Wind Music, used with permission.  More information about Mr. Seaman is available online at http://timothyseaman.com/en/.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio most recently in Episode 605, 11-29-21. “The Race,” from the 2013 album “No More Rain,” is copyright by The Steel Wheels, is used with permission.  More information about The Steel Wheels is available online at http://www.thesteelwheels.com/.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio most recently in Episode 519, 4-6-20. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES Photos are by Virginia Water Radio. Voting board during the floor session of the Virginia House of Delegates on January 31, 2018.Voting board during a meeting of a subcommittee of the Virginia House of Delegates' Committee on Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources, January 31, 2018.EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT VIRGINIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY LEGISLATION MENTIONED IN THIS EPISODE Following are Virginia Legislative Information System (LIS) summaries of the nine bills in the 2023 Virginia General Assembly mentioned in this episode, accessed at http://lis.virginia.gov/on February 6, 2023.  Please note that a bill's provisions often change during the legislative process, so the LIS summaries quoted here may or may not reflect the current provisions of a given bill.  The bill numbers are hyperlinked to the respective LIS pages for each measure. 1. HB 2004 – “SUMMARY AS INTRODUCED: Consultation with federally recognized Tribal Nations in the Commonwealth; permits and reviews with potential impacts on environmental, cultural, and historic resources.  Requires the Department of Conservation and Recreation, the Department of Environmental Quality, the Department of Historic Resources, and the Virginia Marine Resources Commission to establish policies and procedures for consulting with federally recognized Tribal Nations in the Commonwealth when evaluating certain permits and reviews relating to environmental, cultural, or historic resources that potentially impact those federally recognized Tribal Nations in the Commonwealth.  The bill directs the Secretary of the Commonwealth to designate an Ombudsman for Tribal Consultation to facilitate communication and consultation with federally recognized Tribal Nations in the Commonwealth.  The bill codifies Executive Order 82 (2021).” 2.  SB 1332 – Companion bill to HB 2004, with same LIS summary as introduced. 3.  HB 1917 – “SUMMARY AS INTRODUCED: Public pools; regulations.  Directs the Board of Health to adopt regulations governing swimming pools and other water recreational facilities operated for public use, including swimming pools and other water recreational facilities operated in conjunction with a tourist facility or health spa.” 4.  SB 897 – “SUMMARY AS PASSED SENATE: Governor's Blue Catfish Industries Development Fund established.  Creates the Blue Catfish Processing, Flash Freezing, and Infrastructure Grant Program (Program) and adds aquaculture to the list of eligible activities to receive funds from the Governor's Agriculture and Forestry Industries Development Fund.  Funds awarded by the Governor for blue catfish processing, flash freezing, and infrastructure projects will be awarded as reimbursable grants of no more than $250,000 per grant to political subdivisions to support such projects.  The bill directs the Secretary of Agriculture and Forestry to develop guidelines for the Program that (i) require that grants be awarded on a competitive basis, (ii) state the criteria the Governor will use in evaluating any grant application, and (iii) favor projects that create processing, flash freezing, and infrastructure capacity in proximity to small-scale blue catfish watermen.  Such guidelines may allow contributions to a project by certain specified entities such as a nonprofit organization or charitable foundation.” 5.  HB 1485 – “SUMMARY AS INTRODUCED: Chesapeake Bay Watershed Implementation Plan; effective date.  Changes the contingency for the effective date of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Implementation Plan provisions to (i) allow consideration of a combination of point or nonpoint source pollution reduction efforts other than agricultural best management conservation practices when determining whether the Commonwealth's commitments in the Chesapeake Bay Total Maximum Daily Load Phase III Watershed Implementation Plan have been satisfied and (ii) bar such provisions from becoming effective unless the Commonwealth funds the Virginia Natural Resources Commitment Fund each year of the current or existing biennial period.” 6.  SB 1129 – “SUMMARY AS INTRODUCED: Chesapeake Bay Watershed Implementation Plan; effective date.  Changes the contingency for the effective date of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Implementation Plan to (i) allow consideration of a combination of point or nonpoint source pollution reduction efforts other than agricultural best management conservation practices when determining whether the Commonwealth's commitments in the Chesapeake Bay Total Maximum Daily Load Phase III Watershed Implementation Plan have been satisfied and (ii) bar such provisions from becoming effective unless the Commonwealth has fully funded the Virginia Natural Resources Commitment Fund until June 30, 2030.  The bill also advances from July 1, 2026, to July 1, 2030, the contingency effective date of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Implementation Plan.  The bill requires the Department of Conservation and Recreation to submit an annual report analyzing the use of funds from the Virginia Agricultural Best Management Practices Cost-Share Program to demonstrate whether farmers or landowners are participating in the Program at levels to maximize nutrient load reductions.  The bill directs each soil and water conservation district to report to the Department any recommendations for improving the disbursement of funds from the Virginia Natural Resources Commitment Fund and program efficiencies that would expedite the disbursal of such funds.  Finally, the bill prohibits any regulatory action to be imposed on agricultural practices before the effective date of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Implementation Plan.” 7.  HB 2189 – “SUMMARY AS INTRODUCED: Requirements to test for PFAS; publicly owned treatment works; discharges into state waters.  Requires industrial users of publicly owned treatment works that receive and clean, repair, refurbish, or process items that contain PFAS, as defined in the bill, to test wastestreams for PFAS prior to and after cleaning, repairing, refurbishing, or processing such items.  The bill also requires prompt testing for PFAS following the discharge of certain toxic agents or materials listed in the federal Clean Water Act into state waters and requires the results of such tests to be submitted to the coordinator of emergency services for the affected political subdivision.” 8.  SB 1013 – “SUMMARY AS PASSED SENATE: “Waterworks; contaminants; notification to customers.  Requires a waterworks owner that receives a finished water test result from an EPA-approved method for drinking water for any PFAS chemical subject to a PFAS advisory and such result exceeds the notification concentration, as defined in the bill, to (i) report such result to the Department of Health, (ii) provide public notice in the required consumer confidence report provided to the waterworks owner's customers and by posting on the waterworks owner's website, and (iii) provide such additional public notice as the Department may require on a case-by-case basis under applicable regulations.” 9.  SB 1012 – “SUMMARY AS INTRODUCED: State and local prohibition on single-use plastic and expanded polystyrene products.  Prohibits state agencies beginning July 1, 2024, from contracting for the purchase, sale, and distribution of (i) single-use plastic bags, cutlery, straws, or water bottles and (ii) single-use plastic food service containers and expanded polystyrene food service containers, except during a declared state of emergency.  The bill directs the Department of General Services to post public notice of all prohibited goods on its public procurement website.  The bill also authorizes any locality to prohibit by ordinance the purchase, sale, or provision, whether free or for a cost, of (a) single-use plastic bags, cutlery, straws, or water bottles and (b) single-use plastic food service containers and expanded polystyrene food service containers, with certain exceptions enumerated in the bill.” SOURCES Used for Audio Farmers' Almanac, “The Midpoint of Winter: When and What is It”?  Online at https://www.farmersalmanac.com/midwinter-midpoint-winter. Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, “Chesapeake Bay TMDLs [Total Maximum Daily Load], online at https://www.deq.virginia.gov/water/chesapeake-bay/chesapeake-bay-tmdls; and “Phase III WIP [Watershed Implementation Plan],” online at https://www.deq.virginia.gov/water/chesapeake-bay/phase-iii-wip. Virginia General Assembly main Web site, online at https://virginiageneralassembly.gov/index.php.  See particularly the following specific pages: About the General Assembly;Citizen Involvement;Legislative Terms;Senate of Virginia;Virginia House of Delegates Member Listings. Virginia Legislative Information System, online at https://lis.virginia.gov/.  For budget information, see https://budget.lis.virginia.gov/.  For session statistics, see https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?231+oth+STA.  For More Information about the Virginia General Assembly Ballotpedia, “Virginia General Assembly,” online at https://ballotpedia.org/Virginia_General_Assembly. Video streams of sessions and meetings for both the House of Delegates and the Senate, including committees, are available online at https://virginiageneralassembly.gov/membersAndSession.php?secid=1&activesec=0#!hb=1&mainContentTabs=0.Committees are key parts of the General Assembly process.  Legislation about water or about activities that can affect water may be assigned to any of several standing committees, most of which meet weekly during the General Assembly session.  Two committees that receive many (but not all) of the water-related bills are the House Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources Committee, which meets weekly on Wednesdays at 1 p.m., and the Senate Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources Committee, which meets weekly on Tuesdays, one-half hour after adjournment of the day's floor session.  Information about all standing committees as of the 2023 session—including membership, meeting times, and legislation being considered—is available online at https://lis.virginia.gov/231/com/COM.HTM. To express an opinion on legislation, citizens are advised to contact their respective delegate of senator.  If you do not know your representatives or their contact information, you can use the online “Who's My Legislator” service, available at http://whosmy.virginiageneralassembly.gov/.  You can also find members' contact information at these links:House of Delegates, at http://virginiageneralassembly.gov/house/members/members.php;State Senate, at https://apps.senate.virginia.gov/Senator/. The Lobbyist-In-A-Box subscriber service also offers free tracking for up to five bills, and it offers tracking of more than five bills for a fee; visit http://lis.virginia.gov/h015.htm.  For more information or assistance, phone Legislative Automated Systems at (804) 786-9631 or Virginia Interactive at (804) 318-4133. The organization Open Virginia's Richmond Sunlight Web site, at https://www.richmondsunlight.com/, also offers tools for following the General Assembly and for learning about Virginia law. Virginia Water Resources Research Center, “Virginia Water Legislation,” online at https://www.vwrrc.vt.edu/virginia-water-legislation/.  This site provides access to inventories of water-related bills in the Virginia General Assembly from 1998 through 2023. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Community/Organizations” subject category. Following are links to other episodes on the Virginia General Assembly. Episode 143, 1-7-13 – “Music for the Past and Present of the Virginia General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 147, 2-4-13 – “Committees Guide the Flow of Bills in the Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 196, 1-13-14 – “The Virginia General Assembly on its 396 Opening Day, January 8, 2014” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 247, 1-5-15 – “January Means State Budget Time in the Virginia General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction, with special focus on the state budget). Episode 252, 2-9-15 – “Voting on Water in the 2015 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 297, 1-4-16 – “Water's on the Agenda—along with a Whole Lot Else—When the Virginia General Assembly Convenes” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 302, 2-8-16 – “Voting on Water in the 2016 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 350, 1-9-17 – “Old English Music Helps Preview the Old Dominion's 2017 General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 353, 1-30-17 – “Voting on Water in the 2017 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 359, 3-13-17 – “Subcommittees are Where Many Proposed Virginia Laws Start to Float or Sink.” Episode 402, 1-8-18 – “The Virginia Legislature Begins Its 400th Year in 2018” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 405, 1-29-18 – “Voting on Water in the 2018 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 410, 3-5-18 – “Virginia Electricity Regulation and Water” (on legislation in the 2018 session on electricity regulation). Episode 454, 1-7-19 – “The Virginia General Assembly, from Jamestown in 1619 to Richmond in 2019” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 460, 2-18-19 – “Voting on Water in the 2018 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 506, 1-6-20 – “Action on Budget, Bills, and Other Business Commences January 8 for the 2020 Virginia General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 510, 2-3-20 – “Voting on Water in the 2020 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 522, 4-27-20 – “Virginia Enacts a New Energy Era” (on legislation in the 2020 session on electricity generation, carbon emissions, and recurrent flooding). Episode 558, 1-4-21 – “January 13 is Opening Day for the 2021 Virginia General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 562, 2-1-21 – “Voting on Water in the 2021 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 611, 1-10-22 – “The Second Wednesday in January Means the Virginia General Assembly Convenes” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 614, 1-31-22 – “Voting on Water in the 2022 Virginia General Assembly.” Episode 646, 1-9-23 – “Near Richmond's James River Falls, Each Second Wednesday in January Calls the Virginia General Assembly to Order” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 647, 1-23-23 – “Virginia's State Budget and Money for Water.” FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-5 – Earth Resources3.8 – Natural events and humans influence ecosystems.4.8. – Virginia has important natural resources. Grade 66.9 – Humans impact the environment and individuals can influence public policy decisions related to energy and the environment. Life Science Course LS.9 – Relationships exist between ecosystem dynamics and human activity. Earth Science Course ES.6 – Resource use is complex.ES.8 – Freshwater resources influence and are influenced by geologic processes and human activity.ES.10 – Oceans are complex, dynamic systems subject to long- and short-term variations, including effects of human actions.ES.11 – The atmosphere is a complex, dynamic system subject to long-and short-term variations, including effects of human actions. Biology CourseBIO.8 – Dynamic equilibria exist within populations, communities, and ecosystems, and natural events and human activities influence local and global ecosystems and may affect the flora and fauna of Virginia. 2015 Social Studies SOLs Virginia Studies Course VS.10 – Knowledge of government, geography, and economics in present-day Virginia. Civics and Economics Course CE.1 – Social studies skills that responsible citizenship requires. CE.7 – Government at the state level. CE.10 – Public policy at local, state, and national levels. World Geography Course WG.18 - Cooperation among political jurisdictions to solve problems and settle disputes. Government Course GOVT.1 – Social studies skills that responsible citizenship requires. GOVT.8 – State and local government organization and powers. GOVT.9 – Public policy at local, state, and national levels. GOVT.15 – Role of government in Va. and U.S. economies, including examining environmental issues and property rights.

music relationships university money health social education house action college water online state sound research video zoom race tech government board public nos budget environment normal natural va humans dark rain web ocean snow farmers senate citizens bills voting agency governor stream secretary senators richmond priority agriculture environmental photos committee creates dynamic bay images grade resource bio conservation requirements legislation opening day funds incarnation recreation index requires commonwealth epa assembly delegates companion signature pond sink executive orders sb virginia tech cooperation scales float atlantic ocean accent consultation natural resources tempest sta govt general assembly hb pfas compatibility colorful williamsburg lis forestry ls almanac sections senate bills civics jamestown state senate watershed times new roman house bill freshwater chesapeake committees wg policymakers old dominion acknowledgment seaman calibri new standard state budgets ombudsman clean water act midpoint sols waterworks environmental quality stormwater harrisonburg virginia department cambria math virginia house style definitions ar sa worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf brkbinsub mathfont brkbin smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim tribal nations defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused prohibits cripple creek latentstyles table normal htm ballotpedia virginia general assembly community organizations name revision name bibliography grades k natural resources committee steel wheels general services cumberland gap rockingham county light accent dark accent colorful accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web historic resources name mention house agriculture name hashtag name unresolved mention audio notes 3db tmdl water center 20image virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 647 (1-23-23): Virginia's State Budget and Money for Water

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 23, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (4:50).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImageExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 1-20-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of January 23 and January 30, 2023.  This update of a January 2015 episode is the second of three planned episodes this winter on Virginia's General Assembly. MUSIC – ~15 sec – instrumental. That's part of  “World's Too Big,” by Blacksburg, Va., musician Kat Mills, from her 2006 album, “Two.”  It opens an episode on what is one of the biggest jobs, and has some of the biggest impacts, of any General Assembly session: the state budget.  The Commonwealth operates on a biennial budget, covering two fiscal years, which run from July 1 through June 30.  In sessions in even-numbered years, the General Assembly sets the budget for the upcoming two years, and typically in every session the Assembly considers amendments to the current budget.  Virginia's current two-year budget, as approved last year by the Assembly and the governor, is about $163 billion dollars, with about $159 billion for operating expenses and the rest for capital expenses. Now, have a listen to the music for about 20 more seconds, and see how much of that amount you think goes to water-related matters. MUSIC – ~22 sec – lyrics: “World's too big to see in one lifetime.  The world's too big to see in one day.  And we work too hard to get much perspective; I'd like to see things a different way.  World….” According to the Virginia Department of Planning and Budget, the Commonwealth's current two-year operating-expense budget funds about 210 programs.  Of these, Water Radio identified 23 that relate to activities that can affect water, either directly, or indirectly through air, land, or energy management.  Those 23 programs account for about $3.3 billion in the current two-year budget.  Here's a sample of those programs, to give you a sense of where Virginia's water-related dollars go: some direct water-connection programs are boating safety, coastal lands mapping, drinking water improvement, marine life management, port facilities, seafood promotion, and water protection; and some indirect water-connection programs are air protection, disaster and emergency preparedness, forest management, minerals management, and regulation of public utilities. If you'd like more information about the big, complicated subject of Virginia's state budget, you can get details from the Department of Planning and Budget, online at dpb.virginia.gov. Thanks to Kat Mills for permission to this episode's music, and, in the spirit of a subject too big for one short Water Radio episode, we close with about 35 more seconds of “World's Too Big.” MUSIC – ~38 sec – Lyrics: “World's too big to see in one lifetime.  What do you think you'll do this year in the world, world, world, in the world?” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “World's Too Big,” from the 2006 album “Two,” is copyright by Kat Mills, used with permission.  More information about Kat Mills is available online at https://katmills.com/ and at https://katmills.hearnow.com/. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGE Screen shot of the title page of Governor Glenn Younkin's proposed amendments to the 2022-2024 Virginia budget, being considered in the 2023 General Assembly.  Budget proposal accessed from the Virginia Legislative Information System's site for budget bills in the 2023 session, online at https://budget.lis.virginia.gov/bill/2023/1/, January 23, 2023.  The 2023 budget bills are House Bill 1400 and Senate Bill 800. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT THE VIRGINIA STATE BUDGET FOR 2022-2024 Information on Virginia's 2022-2024 Biennial Budget, as passed by the 2022 General Assembly, is available from the Virginia Department of Planning and Budget, online at this link.  The information in this section is taken from that site, as of January 20, 2023.  More details on each budget area are available at that site. Operating Budget Area Fiscal Year 2023 Fiscal Year 2024 Health and Human Resources $26,364,044,319 $26,810,037,425 Education $24,884,645,068 $24,573,203,446 Transportation $10,998,522,561 $11,160,519,957 Administration $4,068,056,357 $4,059,438,773 Finance $3,962,409,064 $2,868,971,687 Public Safety and Homeland Security $3,875,692,814 $3,936,309,518 Central Appropriations $1,579,579,115 $954,544,033 Independent Agencies

music relationships university history money world health social education action college water state land research zoom tech government planning public recovery finance veterans budget trade environment normal natural va humans dark rain web ocean snow operations labor senate citizens commerce bills voting agency construction stream senators richmond priority agriculture environmental screen dynamic bay grade transportation regulation administration resource bio human resources wildlife maintenance evaluation acquisition opening day mapping index commonwealth assembly homeland security signature pond sink disease control virginia tech cooperation judicial legislative float atlantic ocean accent arial public safety natural resources agricultural everything else govt general assembly compatibility colorful forestry ls administrative sections senate bills civics totals jamestown watershed times new roman house bill freshwater chesapeake wg policymakers emergency preparedness old dominion acknowledgment calibri emergency response state budgets shenandoah fiscal year support services blacksburg cosgrove resource management sols stormwater virginia department too big financial assistance cambria math virginia house public utilities style definitions ar sa worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent forest management punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr centergroup latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub dispdef lmargin smallfrac rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority development services qformat lsdexception locked semihidden unhidewhenused latentstyles table normal disaster planning ballotpedia virginia general assembly community organizations name revision name bibliography grades k boating safety cumberland gap operating budget light accent dark accent colorful accent name normal web name closing name message header name salutation name document map historic resources table grid ben cosgrove name mention name hashtag name unresolved mention 3db audio notes tmdl water center virginia standards msotablegrid
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 646 (1-9-23): Near Richmond's James River Falls, Each Second Wednesday in January Calls the Virginia General Assembly to Order

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Jan 9, 2023


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (5:04).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 1-6-23. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of January 9 and January 16, 2023. MUSIC – ~12 sec – instrumental. That's part of “Falls of Richmond,” by Timothy Seaman of Williamsburg, Va.  The falls on the James River at Richmond are a notable geographicfeature of Virginia's capital city.  A relatively short distance from those turbulent sections of the James is one of the city's most notable humanfeatures, the State Capitol building, home of the Virginia General Assembly.  This episode is our annual overview of the General Assembly, which this year convenes on January 11 and is scheduled to adjourn on February 25.  To start, have a listen to the music for about 30 more seconds, and see if you know the General Assembly connection to the following numbers: 405, 2 and 4, 51 and 47, 21 and 19, and, last, about 163 billion. MUSIC – ~31 sec – instrumental. Here are the answers: This year will be the 405th consecutive sessions of the General Assembly started it as the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1619. House of Delegates members are elected for 2 year terms, and Senate members are elected for 4 year terms. The current House of Delegates has 51 Republicans and 47 Democrats, with two seats to be filled by upcoming special elections.  [1-10-23 addition, not in audio: Special elections to fill those House seats were held on January 10, 2023.] The current Senate has 21 Democrats and 19 Republicans.  [1-10-23 correction, not in audio: As of December 31, 2022, the Senate had only 18 Republicans, after Sen. Jennifer Kiggans, representing Virginia's 7th Senatorial District, resigned to take a seat in the U.S. House of Representatives.  A special election to fill that Senate seat was held on January 10, 2023.] And finally, the Commonwealth's current two-year budget is about $163 billion dollars; proposed changes to that budget will be a big part of the work of the 2023 session. Besides the budget, the Assembly typically considers two-to-three thousand other bills and resolutions.  In recent years about 150 to 200 of those measures have related to water resources, either directly through impacts on aquatic environments, water supplies, or other water uses, or indirectly through impacts on energy or land uses that, in turn, affect water.  The budget also affects water, particularly through funding of natural resource-related departments, such as Conservation and Recreation, Environmental Quality, Wildlife Resources, and the Marine Resources Commission. Action on measures involves sub-committees, full committees, and floor debate.  Passed bills go to the governor for approval, veto, or proposed changes, and bills with a governor's veto or proposed changes return to the Assembly for further consideration during a reconvened session in April.   All along the way, citizens, interest groups, and other stakeholders vie to have a say through information and opinions.  You can join in by following the Assembly's work and by communicating with your local delegate or senator about issues of concern.  Tools to help you do so are available online at virginiageneralassembly.gov. Thanks to Timothy Seaman for permission to use this week's music, and we close with about 20 more seconds of “Falls of Richmond.” MUSIC – ~20 sec – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Falls of Richmond,” part of the medley …., is from the 2004 album “Virginia Wildlife,” copyright 2004 by Timothy Seaman and Pine Wind Music, used with permission.  The “Virginia Wildlife” album was a collaboration between Mr. Seaman and the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (now the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources).  More information about Timothy Seaman is available online at http://www.timothyseaman.com/, and complete list of his music is available online at online at https://open.spotify.com/playlist/4ktkWi5LkEc2gqoPe9Brzv?si=cca5f241a3294604&nd=1.  “Falls of Richmond” was used previously by Virginia Water Radio most recently in Episode 87, 11-7-11. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES   Screen shot of the Virginia Legislative Information System's online site for following legislation in the 2023 Virginia General Assembly, accessed at https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?231+men+BIL, 1/9/23.Screen shot of the Virginia Legislative Information System's online site for information about the Virginia state budget during the 2023 Virginia General Assembly, accessed at https://budget.lis.virginia.gov/, 1/9/23. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT THE VIRGINIA GENERAL ASSEMBLY The General Assembly's main Web page, http://virginiageneralassembly.gov/index.php, offers several useful features, including member lists, session calendars, live video of floor sessions, and information on legislative processes.  The Legislative Information System (LIS) Web site, http://lis.virginia.gov/lis.htm, provides lists and summaries of all bills, searchable by topic, member, committee, etc. Video streams of sessions and meetings for both the House of Delegates and the Senate, including committees, are available online at https://virginiageneralassembly.gov/membersAndSession.php?secid=1&activesec=0#!hb=1&mainContentTabs=0.Committees are key parts of the General Assembly process.  Legislation about water or about activities that can affect water may be assigned to any of several standing committees, most of which meet weekly during the General Assembly session.  Two committees that receive many (but not all) of the water-related bills are the House Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources Committee, which meets weekly on Wednesdays at 1 p.m., and the Senate Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources Committee, which meets weekly on Tuesdays, one-half hour after adjournment of the day's floor session.  Information about all standing committees as of the 2022 session—including membership, meeting times, and legislation being considered—is available online at https://lis.virginia.gov/cgi-bin/legp604.exe?ses=221&typ=lnk&val=71.To express an opinion on legislation, citizens are advised to contact their respective delegate of senator.  If you do not know your representatives or their contact information, you can use the online “Who's My Legislator” service, available at http://whosmy.virginiageneralassembly.gov/.  You can also find members' contact information at these links:House of Delegates, at http://virginiageneralassembly.gov/house/members/members.php;State Senate, at https://apps.senate.virginia.gov/Senator/. The Lobbyist-In-A-Box subscriber service also offers free tracking for up to five bills, and it offers tracking of more than five bills for a fee; visit http://lis.virginia.gov/h015.htm.  For more information or assistance, phone Legislative Automated Systems at (804) 786-9631 or Virginia Interactive at (804) 318-4133. The organization Open Virginia's Richmond Sunlight Web site, at https://www.richmondsunlight.com/, also offers tools for following the General Assembly and for learning about Virginia law. SOURCES USED FOR AUDIO AND OFFERING MORE INFORMATION Ballotpedia, “Virginia General Assembly,” online at https://ballotpedia.org/Virginia_General_Assembly. Friends of the James River Park, “James River Park,” online at at www.jamesriverpark.org/index.php. James River Association: “About the James River,” online at https://thejamesriver.org/about-the-james-river/; and “James River Maps,” online at https://thejamesriver.org/explore-the-james/james-river-maps/(see Middle Section, Map 6).Venture Richmond, “James River Activities in Downtown Richmond,” online at https://venturerichmond.com/explore-downtown/outdoors/james-river-activities/.Virginia Department of Elections, online at https://www.elections.virginia.gov/.  This site has information on the special election held January 10, 2023, to fill two open House of Delegates seats and one open Senate seat (as noted in the addition/correction to the audio transcript above).Virginia General Assembly main Web site, online at https://virginiageneralassembly.gov/index.php.  See particularly the following specific pages: About the General Assembly;Citizen Involvement;Legislative Terms;Senate of Virginia;Virginia House of Delegates Member Listings. Virginia Legislative Information System, online at https://lis.virginia.gov/.  For information on General Assembly committees, see https://lis.virginia.gov/221/com/COM.HTM.  For budget information, see https://budget.lis.virginia.gov/. Virginia Water Resources Research Center, “Virginia Water Legislation,” online at https://www.vwrrc.vt.edu/virginia-water-legislation/.  This site provides access to inventories of water-related bills in the Virginia General Assembly from 1998 through 2022. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Community/Organizations” subject category. Following are links to other episodes on the Virginia General Assembly. Episode 143, 1-7-13 – “Music for the Past and Present of the Virginia General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction).Episode 147, 2-4-13 – “Committees Guide the Flow of Bills in the Virginia General Assembly.”Episode 196, 1-13-14 – “The Virginia General Assembly on its 396 Opening Day, January 8, 2014” (annual General Assembly introduction).Episode 247, 1-5-15 – “January Means State Budget Time in the Virginia General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction, with special focus on the state budget).Episode 252, 2-9-15 – “Voting on Water in the 2015 Virginia General Assembly.”Episode 297, 1-4-16 – “Water's on the Agenda—along with a Whole Lot Else—When the Virginia General Assembly Convenes” (annual General Assembly introduction).Episode 302, 2-8-16 – “Voting on Water in the 2016 Virginia General Assembly.”Episode 350, 1-9-17 – “Old English Music Helps Preview the Old Dominion's 2017 General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction).Episode 353, 1-30-17 – “Voting on Water in the 2017 Virginia General Assembly.”Episode 359, 3-13-17 – “Subcommittees are Where Many Proposed Virginia Laws Start to Float or Sink.”Episode 402, 1-8-18 – “The Virginia Legislature Begins Its 400th Year in 2018” (annual General Assembly introduction).Episode 405, 1-29-18 – “Voting on Water in the 2018 Virginia General Assembly.”Episode 410, 3-5-18 – “Virginia Electricity Regulation and Water” (on legislation in the 2018 session on electricity regulation).Episode 454, 1-7-19 – “The Virginia General Assembly, from Jamestown in 1619 to Richmond in 2019” (annual General Assembly introduction).Episode 460, 2-18-19 – “Voting on Water in the 2018 Virginia General Assembly.”Episode 506, 1-6-20 – “Action on Budget, Bills, and Other Business Commences January 8 for the 2020 Virginia General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction).Episode 510, 2-3-20 – “Voting on Water in the 2020 Virginia General Assembly.”Episode 522, 4-27-20 – “Virginia Enacts a New Energy Era” (on legislation in the 2020 session on electricity generation, carbon emissions, and recurrent flooding).Episode 558, 1-4-21 – “January 13 is Opening Day for the 2021 Virginia General Assembly” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 562, 2-1-21 – “Voting on Water in the 2021 Virginia General Assembly.”Episode 611, 1-10-22 – “The Second Wednesday in January Means the Virginia General Assembly Convenes” (annual General Assembly introduction). Episode 614, 1-31-22 – “Voting on Water in the 2022 Virginia General Assembly.” FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post.2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-5 – Earth Resources3.8 – Natural events and humans influence ecosystems.4.8. – Virginia has important natural resources. Grade 66.9 – Humans impact the environment and individuals can influence public policy decisions related to energy and the environment. Life Science Course LS.9 – Relationships exist bet

music relationships university game friends social education house action college water state research video zoom tech elections government tools public budget environment normal natural va humans dark rain web republicans ocean snow democrats senate citizens falls bills voting agency stream senators richmond priority environmental screen dynamic bay images grade resource bio conservation legislation opening day recreation index commonwealth passed map assembly delegates signature pond sink virginia tech cooperation scales float atlantic ocean accent arial natural resources govt general assembly compatibility colorful williamsburg ls sections civics jamestown state senate watershed times new roman freshwater chesapeake committees wg policymakers old dominion acknowledgment state capitol seaman calibri new standard bil sols environmental quality stormwater virginia department cambria math virginia house style definitions ar sa worddocument james river bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr centergroup latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin wrapindent rmargin defjc intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused cripple creek latentstyles table normal htm ballotpedia virginia general assembly river falls community organizations name bibliography name revision grades k wildlife resources natural resources committee cumberland gap light accent dark accent colorful accent name document map name normal web name closing name message header name salutation inland fisheries burgesses senatorial district name mention house agriculture name hashtag name unresolved mention 3db audio notes tmdl water center 20bill 20image virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 645 (12-30-22): A Year of Water Sounds and Music – 2022 Edition

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 30, 2022


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (5:56).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesSourcesRelated Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 12-30-22. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the week of January 2, 2023. MUSIC – ~26 sec –Lyrics: “Bluer than the Blue Ridge, I was out at sea.  Further than the farthest, Till you came for me.   You're always welcome to this plunder, I was over my head, I am under, under your spell.” That's part of “Under,” by The Steel Wheels.”  It's one of the songs heard on Virginia Water Radio in 2022, and it opens our annual episode where we listen back to some of the previous year's sounds and music.  We start with a medley of mystery soundsand voices.  Have a listen for about 50 seconds, and see how many you recognize. SOUNDS AND VOICES - ~51 sec 1.  Voices:  “The James River.  The Ohio River.  Dismal Swamp of Virginia and North Carolina.” 2.  Voices: “American Sycamore.” “Atlantic White-cedar.”  “Baldcypress.  Black Gum.” 3.  Voices: “Buttonbush.”  “Coastal Dog-hobble.”  “Elderberry.”  “Possum-haw.” 4.  Coyotes and Gray Treefrogs. 5.  Great Yellowlegs. 6.  Voices: “And we are here on the banks of the Clinch River in St. Paul, Virginia, today to talk about the Eastern Hellbender, which is one of our most unique amphibians here in Virginia and the central Appalachians.”  “Remember: healthy forests produce clean water.”  “And I hope you join us for another edition of ‘Fifteen Minutes in the Forest.'  Have a great weekend.” If you knew all of most of those, you're a 2022 water-year winner!You heard names of some water places connected to U.S. civil rights history;names of some trees that grow in or near water, followed by names of some shrubs that do so;coyotes and Gray Treefrogs on a July night;the Greater Yellowlegs bird; andexcerpts from the video series “Fifteen Minutes in the Forest,” produced by Virginia Cooperative Extension's Forest Landowner Education Program. Thanks to Blacksburg friends for the call-outs; to Lang Elliott for permission to use the Greater Yellowlegs sound, from the Stokes Field Guide to Bird Songs; and to Jen Gagnon for permission to use excerpts from “Fifteen Minutes in the Forest.” We close out 2022 with a two-minute sample of music heard this year, with parts of ““Witch Hazel,” by Tom Gala; “New Spring Waltz,” by the late Madeline MacNeil; “Try to Change It,” by Bob Gramann; and “Rainy Night,” by the group Wake Up Robin.  Thanks to all the musicians who gave permission to use their music, and thanks to Janita Baker for permission to use Madeline MacNeil's music. So long to 2022, and here's hoping for a 2023 with interesting sounds, evocative music, and the water the world needs. MUSIC – ~108 sec 1.  From “Witch Hazel” - Lyrics: “And I tell my heart be strong, like the Witch Hazel flower, and you will not be injured by this dark and troubled time.” 2.  From “New Spring Waltz” - Instrumental.  3.  From “Try to Change It” - Lyrics: “Try to change it, but I can't change it; locomotive rolls on through hills and snow and rain.  Try to change it, why can't I change it; strength of will, push and pull, I'm bettin' on that train.  Strength of will, push and pull, I'm bettin' on that train.”. 4.  From “Rainy Night” - Instrumental.  SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. Sounds Used and Their Previous 2022 Virginia Water Radio Episodes (Listed in the order heard in this episode's audio) The people calling out names of water-related places connected to U.S. civil rights history were recorded by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg, Va., in March 2022.  This was featured in Episode 619, 3-7-22. The people calling out names of some trees that grow in or near water were recorded by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg, Va., in Virginia Water Radio on April 21, 2022.  This was featured in Episode 626, 4-25-22.  The shrub name call-outs were recorded by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg on June 14-15, 2022.  This was featured in Episode 630, 6-20-22. The Coyote and Gray Treefrog sounds were recorded by Virginia Water Radio in Blacksburg, Va., on July 5, 2022, at approximately 10:15 p.m.  This was featured in Episode 634, 8-15-22. The sounds of the Greater Yellowlegs was taken from the Stokes Field Guide to Bird Songs-Eastern Region CD set, by Lang Elliott with Donald and Lillian Stokes (Time Warner Audio Books, copyright 1997), used with permission of Lang Elliott.  Lang Elliot's work is available online at the “Music of Nature” Web site, http://www.musicofnature.org/.  This was featured in Episode 636, 9-12-22. The excerpts from the “Fifteen Minutes in the Forest” series were taken from the following episodes: “Eastern Hellbenders,” Episode 68, January 2022; “Best Management Practices for Water Quality,” Episode 19, September 2020; and “How Clean is Your Creek,” Episode 26, November 2020; used with permission of Jennifer Gagnon, Virginia Tech Department of Forest Resources and Conservation and the Virginia Cooperative Extension's Forest Landowner Education Program.  The full video series is available online at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLOhBz_SGRw8UZo9aAfShRbb-ZaVyk-uzT.  This was featured in Episode 637, 9-26-22. Musical Selections Used and Their Previous 2022 Virginia Water Radio Episodes (Listed in the order heard in this episode's audio) “Under,” from the 2019 album “Over the Trees,” is copyright by The Steel Wheels, used with permission.  More information about The Steel Wheels is available online at https://www.thesteelwheels.com/.  This music was used in Episode 630, 6-20-22, on shrubs. “Witch Hazel,” from the 2011 album “Story After Story,” is copyright by Tom Gala, used with permission.  More information about Tom Gala is available online at https://open.spotify.com/artist/0kG6YXrfGPB6lygJwOUNqO. This music was used in Episode 639, 10-24-22, on the Witch Hazel plant. “New Spring Waltz” is from Madeline MacNeil's 2002 album “Songs of Earth & Sea”; copyright held by Janita Baker, used with permission.  More information about Madeline MacNeil is available from Ms. Baker's “Blue Lion Dulcimers & Guitars” Web site, online at https://www.bluelioninstruments.com/Maddie.html.  This music was used in Episode 627, 5-9-22, on some spring songbirds. “Try to Change It,” from the 2001 album “See Farther in the Darkness,” is copyright by Bob Gramann, used with permission.  More information about Bob Gramann is available online at https://www.bobgramann.com/folksinger.html.  This music was used in Episode 611, 1-10-22, on the 2022 Virginia General Assembly opening. “Rainy Night,” from the 2018 album “Wake Up Robin,” on Great Bear Records, by the group of the same name, is used with permission of Andrew VanNorstrand.  More information about the album and band is available online at https://wakeuprobin.bandcamp.com.  This music was used in Episode 642, 11-21-22, on water-related things for which people are thankful. IMAGES (Unless otherwise noted, photographs are by Virginia Water Radio.)An Image Sampler from Episodes in 2022 From Episode 616, 2-14-22: Sculpture in Birmingham, Alabama's, Kelly Ingram Park, recalling fire hoses being used on civil rights protestors in the 1960s.  Photo by Carol M. Highsmith, March 3, 2010.  Accessed from the Library of Congress, online at https://www.loc.gov/item/2010636978/, 2/15/22.From Episode 621. 3-21-22: “Benefits of Trees” poster from the Virginia Department of Forestry, accessed online at https://dof.virginia.gov/education-and-recreation/learn-about-education-recreation/benefits-of-tree/, 12-30-22. From Episode 626. 4-25-22: Swamp Tupelo photographed at First Landing State Park in Virginia Beach, Va., July 9, 2021.  Photo by iNaturalist user karliemarina, made available online at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/86317064(as of 4-25-22) for use under Creative Commons license “Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0.”  Information about this Creative Commons license is available online at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.From Episode 630, 6-20-22: Silky Dogwood beside Stroubles Creek in Blacksburg, Va., June 9, 2022.From Episode 636, 9-12-22: Greater Yellowlegs, photographed at Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge in Virginia, August 11, 2022.  Photo by iNaturalist user kenttrulsson, made available online at https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/132685927(as of 9-12-22) for use under Creative Commons license “Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0.”  Information about this Creative Commons license is available online at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

music university new year halloween earth science education college water state research zoom tech ms benefits government strength north carolina alabama darkness songs environment normal natural va dark rain web ocean voices sea snow cd citizens agency trees birmingham stream priority environmental bay images conservation index signature pond virginia tech appalachian coyote atlantic ocean accent arial library of congress sculpture coyotes natural resources listed virginia beach compatibility colorful forestry sections social studies possum watershed times new roman chesapeake policymakers acknowledgment water quality calibri blue ridge shenandoah ohio river blacksburg cosgrove elderberry sols stormwater virginia department cambria math inaturalist style definitions ar sa worddocument rainy night james river bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent fifteen minutes punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules lidthemeother snaptogridincell latentstyles deflockedstate mathpr lidthemeasian latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable undovr subsup donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent narylim intlim change it defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused birdsongs latentstyles table normal virginia general assembly witch hazel name revision name bibliography water sounds steel wheels cumberland gap forest resources light accent dark accent colorful accent best management practices name message header name salutation name document map name normal web name closing ben cosgrove dismal swamp audio notes tmdl how clean lang elliott water center 20image carol m highsmith lang elliot donotshowrevisions
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 644 (12-19-22): From Roots to Branches, Trees and Water Interact

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 21, 2022


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (5:11).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 12-16-22. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of December 19 and December 26, 2022.  This episode is the last in a series this year of episodes related to trees and shrubs. MUSIC – ~16 sec – instrumental. That's part of “Fair Meadows and Goodly Tall Trees,” by Timothy Seaman, of Williamsburg, Virginia, on his 2006 album, “Jamestown: On the Edge of a Vast Continent.”  Across that vast continent, from the Chesapeake Bay to forested western states, people recognize that “goodly tall trees,” as well as shorter trees and shrubs—in woods, parks, yards, and built areas—affect water resources in many important ways.  Have a listen to the music for about 30 more seconds and see if you can think of some of those ways. MUSIC  - ~30 sec – instrumental. If you thought of tree impacts on water supplies, aquatic habitat, or the physical or chemical quality of water, you're right!  Such impacts frequently provide benefits to humans, and those benefits are often called “ecosystem services.”  Here are five examples of water-related services that trees provide to human societies. 1.  Trees can slow or reduce stormwater runoff by intercepting precipitation, by transpiration (that is, the evaporation of water from leaves), and by increasing infiltration of water into the ground. 2.  Trees can improve water quality through reducing sediment inputs to waterways, when they slow runoff speed so that more sediment settles out, and when they hold soil in place at streamsides and in uplands. 3.  Trees can also improve water quality through uptake of plant nutrients that otherwise would remain in soil or water; excessive nutrients can degrade aquatic ecosystems and impair groundwater quality. 4.  Trees living on shorelines, and woody debris in waterways, provide food, habitat, and temperature regulation for aquatic ecosystems. And 5.  Trees can help reduce climate changes, with their many water-related aspects, through the uptake of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis and through reduction of human energy use by shading in hot weather and wind breaks in cold weather. In some cases, though, trees can have water-related impacts that are not positive for humans.  For example, tree use of water in some situations can reduce stream flows that provide water supplies, especially in summer; and in western states that depend on snowpack for water supply, trees may either increase or decrease the available snowpack, depending on several factors. Such circumstances remind us that trees exist for their own survival and reproduction, not for human benefit; nevertheless, those long-living, photosynthesizing, woody, and goodly tall beings do provide human beings with irreplaceable benefits. Thanks to Timothy Seaman for permission to use this episode's music, and we close out the episode—and our series on trees and shrubs—with the final 20 seconds of “Fair Meadows and Goodly Tall Trees.” MUSIC  - ~22 sec – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Virginia Water Radio thanks Kevin McGuire and Stephen Schoenholtz, both of the Virginia Water Resources Research Center and the Virginia Tech Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation, for their help with this episode. “Fair Meadows and Goodly Tall Trees (Fingal's Cave),” from the 2006 album “Jamestown: On the Edge of a Vast Continent,” is copyright by Timothy Seaman and Pine Wind Music, used with permission.  More information about Timothy Seaman is available online at https://timothyseaman.com/en/.  This music was used previously by Virginia Water Radio in Episode 354, 2-6-17. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES (Photographs are by Virginia Water Radio.) Trees planted along in riparian (streamside) zone of Stroubles Creek on the Virginia Tech campus in Blacksburg, Va. (Montgomery County), December 8, 2022.Trees planted beside a stormwater facility on the Virginia Tech campus in Blacksburg, Va., October 3, 2010.Sycamore trees along the James River in Buchanan, Va. (Botetourt County), December 27, 2008.Tree leaves providing a source of food and habitat for aquatic invertebrate animals in Pandapas Pond in Montgomery County, Va., January 4, 2009.Woody debris in Little Stony Creek in U.S. Forest Service's Cascades Day Use Area in Giles County, Va., July 10, 2014.Trees providing shade, stormwater runoff reduction, and other benefits in downtown Blacksburg, Va., June 13, 2013. EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT WATER-RELATED BENEFITS OF TREES The following information is from the Virginia Department of Forestry, “Benefits of Trees,” online at https://dof.virginia.gov/education-and-recreation/learn-about-education-recreation/benefits-of-tree/, as of 12-19-22. “Trees in Forests: Forests are well known for providing a renewable source of wood products. Some products come from the trees themselves, while others, like mushrooms or medicinal herbs, come from the forested environment. In addition to lumber, paper, and a host of other products, forests provide benefits called ‘ecosystem services,' including filtering air to improve air quality; preventing soil erosion; supplying places for outdoor recreation; providing wildlife and pollinator habitat; sequestering and storing carbon; protecting water quality; offering scenic beauty.”  “Trees in Cities and Towns: Trees in urban areas and yards have value, too. Neighborhoods with lots of trees have lower crime rates, less air pollution, lower energy costs, and higher property values than those without trees. Walking among trees can improve health, and even viewing trees through a window can speed patient recovery times.” “Trees in Riparian [Streamside] Areas: Trees in riparian, or streamside, zones provide special ecosystem benefits, including: filtering runoff to remove pesticides, fertilizer, and other chemicals; preventing streambank erosion and keeping sediment out of the stream; shading streams to keep them cool for aquatic organisms; dropping organic matter that serves as food and microhabitat for aquatic organisms; [and slowing] water during storm events....reducing flood potential.”   (This image was also including in the Show Notes for Virginia Water Radio Episode 621, 3-21-22, the introductory episode in the series on trees and shrubs.)SOURCESUsed for AudioAlliance for the Chesapeake Bay, “Forests,” online at https://www.allianceforthebay.org/forests/. See also the Alliance's November 29, 2022, blog post about goal of planting 29,000 trees in 2022; and information on their 2022 Volunteer Tree-planting Relay, online at https://www.allianceforthebay.org/2022-volunteer-tree-planting-relay.Center for Watershed Protection, “Trees and Stormwater Runoff,” online at https://www.cwp.org/reducing-stormwater-runoff/. F. Stuart Chapin, III, et al., Principles of Terrestrial Ecosystem Ecology, Second Edition, Springer Science+Business Media, New York, N.Y, 2011.Chesapeake Bay Program, “Chesapeake Bay Watershed Agreement,” online at https://www.chesapeakebay.net/what/what-guides-us/watershed-agreement.  The 2014 Bay Watershed Agreement is online (as a PDF) at https://d18lev1ok5leia.cloudfront.net/chesapeakebay/Chesapeake-Bay-Watershed-Agreement-Amended.pdf; see the “Vital Habitats” section in “Goals and Outcomes” (page 8 of the document) for a statement of the desired “Outcomes” for forest buffers and tree canopy.Vincent Cotrone, “The Role of Trees and Forests in Healthy Watersheds,” Penn State Extension, August 30. 2022, online at https://extension.psu.edu/the-role-of-trees-and-forests-in-healthy-watersheds. Michael Kuhns, “Windbreaks for Energy Conservation,” National Urban and Community Forestry Council, September 10, 2019, online at https://trees-energy-conservation.extension.org/windbreaks-for-energy-conservation/. Colleen Meidt, “USU study finds big trees play a big role in preserving snowpack,” Utah Public Radio, May 5, 2022, online at https://www.upr.org/utah-news/2022-05-05/usu-study-finds-big-trees-play-a-big-role-in-preserving-snowpack. Danielle Rhea, “Benefits of Large Woody Debris in Streams,” Penn State Extension, March 1, 2021, online at https://extension.psu.edu/benefits-of-large-woody-debris-in-streams. Eryn E. Schneider et al., “Tree spatial patterns modulate peak snow accumulation and snow disappearance,” Forest Ecology and Management, Vol. 441, pages 9-19, June 1, 2019; accessed through ScienceDirect, online at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112718323776, 12-15-22 (subscription may be necessary for online access). Virginia Department of Forestry:“Benefits of Trees,” online at https://dof.virginia.gov/education-and-recreation/learn-about-education-recreation/benefits-of-tree/;“Benefits of Streamside Forests, online at https://dof.virginia.gov/water-quality-protection/learn-about-water-quality-protection/benefits-of-streamside-forests/;“My Trees Count,” online at https://vdof.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=f41f85765879480cab068547645d9d8e(this Web site has information about tree-planting projects across Virginia). Timothy B. Wheeler and Jeremy Cox, Bay region loses ground in effort to increase urban tree canopy, Bay Journal, October 11, 2022.For Examples of Tree Issues and Efforts in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed &

music relationships new york university halloween earth education college water fall state change land living research zoom goals tech benefits government management walking search north america environment journal normal md natural va tree humans witness dark rain web ocean climate change animals principles roots types snow effort weather citizens agency alliance trees caves stream cities volunteers priority plants environmental biology vol ash dynamic bay images grade soil resource bio domestic conservation outcomes index schneider processes woody signature pond charlottesville chemical streams virginia tech asheville scales branches atlantic ocean towns accent arial life sciences natural resources interact forests maple buchanan govt oaks compatibility relay neighborhoods colorful williamsburg forestry populations ls photographs sections aquatic poison ivy tex watershed times new roman freshwater chesapeake montgomery county organisms wg policymakers second edition forest service acknowledgment chesapeake bay sycamore calibri new standard earth sciences shrubs photosynthesis university press blacksburg usu sols stormwater virginia department cambria math style definitions ar sa worddocument environmental conservation james river bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent fifteen minutes punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves united states history trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr centergroup latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin wrapindent rmargin defjc intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat energy conservation semihidden unhidewhenused cripple creek latentstyles table normal name bibliography living systems name revision space systems grades k forest ecology understory biotic waterside arbor day foundation kevin mcguire cumberland gap rhododendrons penn state extension forest resources dark accent colorful accent light accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web name mention name hashtag giles county name unresolved mention audio notes chesapeake bay watershed tmdl utah public radio msobodytext water center 20image stormwater runoff bay journal virginia standards
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 643 (12-5-22): Getting Ready for Weathering Winter

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Dec 7, 2022


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (5:21).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra InformationSourcesRelated Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 12-2-22. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of December 5 and December 12, 2022. SOUND – ~ 5 sec That sound of a winter storm opens our annual episode on winter-weather preparedness.  To start, have a listen for about 15 seconds to three more mystery sounds, and see if you can guess what winter-preparedness aspects you're hearing. SOUNDS  - ~14 sec – Virginia 511 Road Conditions System phone recording; filling a container with water; smoke alarm beeping. If you guessed road conditions, emergency supplies of water and other essentials, and fire protection, you're right! In 2022, winter astronomically begins in Virginia on December 21 at 4:48 p.m.  That's the Eastern Standard time of the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, when that hemisphere is at its maximum tilt away from the sun. From well before the December solstice, all the way through the season's conclusion in March, winter can bring cold temperatures, hazardous roads, power outages, fire hazards, and other concerns.  To help you be prepared, here are 10 tips compiled from information provided by the Virginia Department of Emergency Management, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1.  Avoid traveling in winter-storm conditions if you can.  If you must travel, get road conditions from the Virginia 511 telephone system, mobile app, or Web site, and carry in your vehicle an emergency kit, including jumper cables, blankets, a flashlight, food and water, and other items.2.  Have battery-powered sources of lighting and information, along with enough batteries to last through a power outage of several days.3.  Develop and practice a family emergency plan that covers sheltering; escape from a home fire; emergency meeting places; communications; a supply of food, water, and medications; and other factors specific to your circumstances.4.  Get fireplaces, wood stoves, and chimneys inspected and cleaned.5.  Install a smoke detector in every bedroom and on every floor level and replace the batteries at least annually. 6.  Install a carbon monoxide detector in your home and check or replace the battery every six months.7.  If you use space heaters, make sure they'll switch off automatically if the heater falls over; plug them into wall outlets, not extension cords; keep them at least three feet from combustible objects; don't leave heaters unattended; and check for cracked or damaged wires or plugs. 8.  Generators, camp stoves, and other devices that burn gasoline or charcoal should be used outdoors only.9.  Learn where to shut off water valves in case a pipe bursts. And 10.  Be careful of overexertion during snow shoveling. More information on preparing for winter weather, fires, and other emergencies is available online from the Virginia Department of Emergency Management, at vaemergency.gov. Next time the forecast calls for snow, freezing rain, or other wintry weather, here's hoping that you can stay warm, dry, and safe. We close with about 35 seconds of music for the approaching winter.  Here's part of “Winter is Coming,” by the Harrisonburg- and Rockingham County, Va.-based band, The Steel Wheels. MUSIC - ~36 sec – Lyrics: “Summer's gone, we're movin' on, can't regret that frozen dawn.  Summer's over, winter's coming; summer's over winter's coming; summer's over winter's coming.” SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The winter storm sound was from the recording DMP013016 HEAVYSNOWSTORM.wav, by user martypinso, made available for public use on Freesound.org at https://freesound.org/people/martypinso/sounds/22606/, accessed 12-1-22. The excerpt from the Virginia 511 phone service was recorded by Virginia Water Radio on December 1, 2022.  The running water sounds and smoke alarm were also recorded by Virginia Water Radio. “Winter is Coming,” from the 2015 album “We've Got a Fire,” is copyright by The Steel Wheels, used with permission.  More information about The Steel Wheels is available online at https://www.thesteelwheels.com/.  Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGES (Photographs are by Virginia Water Radio.) Snow on U.S. 460 Bypass in Blacksburg, Va., January 16, 2022.Ice on the New River in Giles County, Va., January 1, 2018.Red-winged Blackbirds in a snowy tree in Blacksburg, Va., March 12, 2018.EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT WINTER WEATHER PREPAREDNESS The following is from the Virginia Department of Emergency Management, “Winter Weather,” online at https://www.vaemergency.gov/threats/winter-weather/, as of 12-7-22. Winter storms can range from freezing rain or ice to a few hours of moderate snowfall, to a blizzard that lasts for several days.  Many winter storms are accompanied by dangerously low temperatures, power outages, and unpredictable road conditions. Before, during, and after a winter storm, roads and walkways may become extremely dangerous or impassable. Access to critical community services such as public transportation, child care, healthcare providers and schools may be limited. Preparing your home, car, and family before cold weather and a winter storm arrives is critical.  [Following are several suggestions.] *During a winter storm, stay off the roads as much as possible and only drive when absolutely necessary. Always give snow plows the right of way.*Never use a generator, grill, camp stove or gasoline, propane, natural gas, or charcoal-burning device inside your home, garage, basement, crawlspace, or any other partially enclosed area.*Snow shoveling is a known trigger for heart attacks! Always avoid overexertion when shoveling.*When severe weather occurs, plan to check on elderly or disabled neighbors and relatives.*If you must travel, know the road conditions before you leave home. Visit 511Virginia.org or call 511 for road condition updates.*Protect yourself from frostbite! Hands, feet, and face are the most commonly affected areas so wear a hat, and mittens (which are warmer than gloves) and cover your mouth with a scarf to reduce heat loss.*Keep dry! Change out of wet clothing frequently to prevent a loss of body heat.*Wear several layers of loose-fitting, lightweight, warm clothing rather than one layer or heavy clothing. Winter Storm Watch – BE AWARE Severe weather such as heavy snow or ice is possible in the next day or two. Winter Storm Warning – TAKE ACTION Severe winter conditions have either begun or will begin soon in your area. PREPARE YOUR HOME *Make sure your home is properly insulated.*Check the weather stripping around your windows and doors.*Learn how to shut off water valves in case a pipe bursts.*Have additional heat sources  on hand in case of a power outage.*Keep a fire extinguisher accessible.*Replace the batteries in your carbon monoxide detector annually. PREPARE YOUR CAR *Batteries lose power as temperatures drop, be sure to have yours tested.*Check your car's antifreeze level.*Have your radiator system serviced.*Replace your car's windshield wiper fluid with a wintertime mix.*Proactively replace your car's worn tires and wiper blades.*To help with visibility, clean off your car entirely – including your trunk, roof, windows, and headlights. INCLUDE A CAR EMERGENCY KIT Tailor your winter car emergency supply kit to you and your family's needs. Here are suggested items: Blankets;Drinking water and snacks for everyone in the car, including pets;Boots;Basic first-aid kit;Warm coat and insulating layers (sweatpants, gloves, hat, socks,);Rags, paper towels or pre-moistened wipes;Basic set of tools;Car emergency warning devices such as road flares or reflectors;Ice scraper/snow brush;Jumper cables/jump pack;Fire extinguisher;Cash;Items for children such as diapers, baby wipes, toys, etc.;Flashlight, with extra batteries;;Hand warmers;Paper map;Portable smartphone power bank;Extra medication;Garbage bags;;Traction aid such as sand, salt or non-clumping, cat litter;Tarp, raincoat, and gloves;Shovel. DID YOU KNOW? *Dehydration can make you more susceptible to hypothermia.*If it's too cold for you, it's too cold for your pet!  Don't leave pets outside for prolonged periods of time and have plenty of fresh, unfrozen water on hand.*It can snow at temperatures well above freezing.*Temperatures do not have to be below zero degrees to cause harm. SOURCES USED FOR AUDIO AND OFFERING MORE INFORMATION American Red Cross, “Winter Storm Safety,” online at https://www.redcross.org/get-help/how-to-prepare-for-emergencies/types-of-emergencies/winter-storm.html, or contact your local Red Cross chapter.Farmers' Almanac, “Winter Solstice 2022: When Is It, and What Is It?” online at https://www.farmersalmanac.com/winter-solstice-first-day-winter.          Federal Emergency Management Agency: “Be Prepared for a Winter Storm,” online at https://community.fema.gov/ProtectiveActions/s/article/Winter-Storm;“Build a Kit,” online at https://www.ready.gov/kit; “Car Safety,” online at https://www.ready.gov/car;  “Make a Plan,” online at https://www.ready.gov/plan;“Winter Weather,” online at http://www.ready.gov/winter-weather.National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), “NOAA Weather Radio,” online at http://www.nws.noaa.gov/nwr/.National Weather Service/Cleveland, Ohio, Forecast Office, “The Seasons, the Equinox, and the Solstices,” online at https://www.weather.gov/cle/seasons. National Weather Service, “Weather and Water Events Preparedness Calendar,” online at https://www.weather.gov/safety/events_calendar. National Weather Service/Wakefield, Va., Forecast Office, “Virginia Winter Weather Awareness Week,” online at https://www.weather.gov/akq/WinterWeatherAwarenessWeek. Smithsonian Science Education Center, “What is the Winter Solstice,” online at https://ssec.si.edu/stemvisions-blog/what-winter-solstice.U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention:“Carbon Monoxide Poisoning/Frequently Asked Questions,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/co/faqs.htm;“Proper Use of Candles During a Power Outage,” online at https://www.cdc.gov/disasters/psa/candles.html. U.S. Department of Energy, “Small Space Heaters,” online at https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/small-space-heaters.Virginia Department of Emergency Management (VDEM), online at https://www.vaemergency.gov/.  This is the Commonwealth of Virginia's central source of information on preparedness for all types of emergencies and disasters.  See particularly the following pages:“Winter Weather,” online at https://www.vaemergency.gov/winter-weather/;“Fires,” online at https://www.vaemergency.gov/fires/;“Make an Car Emergency Kit” (1 min./31 sec. video), online at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPgvWgtiWHI. Virginia Department of Health, “Winter Weather Preparedness,” online at https://www.vdh.virginia.gov/news/public-relations-contacts/winter-weather-preparedness/. Virginia Department of Transportation, “Virginia Traffic Information,” online at http://www.511virginia.org/. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Weather/Climate/Natural Disasters” subject category. Following are links to previous years' winter-preparedness episodes, with music used in the episodes. Episode 139, 12-3-12. Episode 190, 12-2-13 (a repeat of Episode 139).Episode 242, 12-1-14 – featuring “Cold World” by Kat Mills. Episode 292, 11-30-15 – featuring “Winter is Coming” by The Steel Wheels. Episode 344, 11-28-16 – featuring “Drive the Cold Winter Away” by Timothy Seaman. Episode 396, 11-27-17 – featuring “Winter's Fall” by No Strings Attached. Episode 448, 11-26-18 – featuring “New Boots” by John McCutcheon.Episode 501, 12-2-19 – featuring “Cold Frosty Morn'” by New Standard.Episode 553, 11-30-20 – featuring “Drive the Cold Winter Away” by Timothy Seaman and “Cold World” by Kat Mills.Episode 605, 11-29-21 – featuring “Mid-winter Etude” by Timothy Seaman. Following are links to some other winter-related episodes. Frost – Episode 597, 10-4-21.Freezing and ice –

music university health earth education college water fall energy state change sound research zoom tech fire government ohio preparing drive hands plan environment surviving protect normal natural va dark rain web ocean snow develop farmers weather drinking citizens ice agency wear car stream basic prevention priority environmental fires warm bay images grade transportation centers batteries garbage boots index commonwealth frost getting ready mid signature pond disease control severe virginia tech red cross atlantic ocean accent equinox arial freezing winter solstice natural resources traction special olympics portable install tailor compatibility colorful weathering american red cross photographs temperatures rags almanac sections northern hemisphere jumper freesound bypass emergency management watershed times new roman blankets shovel winter storms chesapeake generators national weather service power outage dehydration wg policymakers flashlights acknowledgment did you know proactively chesapeake bay winter weather be prepared calibri new standard no strings attached earth sciences shenandoah national oceanic blacksburg cosgrove etude tarp blackbirds sols stormwater harrisonburg federal emergency management agency virginia department polar plunge cambria math proper use style definitions ar sa worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent cold world punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves new river atmospheric administration noaa trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr latentstylecount centergroup msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin rmargin defjc wrapindent intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority car safety lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused latentstyles table normal prepare your home name revision name bibliography space systems grades k eastern standard solstices steel wheels new boots cumberland gap john mccutcheon msohyperlink rockingham county light accent dark accent colorful accent name salutation name document map name normal web name closing name message header name mention ben cosgrove name hashtag giles county name unresolved mention audio notes tmdl water center cold winter away 20image virginia standards
We All Want Clean H2O
A Total Maximum Daily Load of BS, with special guest Allen Bonini

We All Want Clean H2O

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 18, 2022 37:03


In this episode we discuss the proposed withdrawal of the Cedar River TMDL for nitrate with Allen Bonini. Allen was the Watershed Section Supervisor at the Iowa Department of Natural Resources.  We explain what is the role of Total Maximum Daily Loads in the Clean Water Act, how the TMDL process is related to the Nutrient Reduction Strategy, and the broader implications of this delisting. 

Virginia Water Radio
Episode 642 (11-21-22): Thanks for the Water - Thanksgiving 2022 Edition

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 10, 2022


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (3:27).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments Images Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). All Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 11-9-22. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of November 21 and November 28, 2022.  This is a revised version of an episode from November 2013. MUSIC – ~ 11 sec – instrumental. That's part of “Rainy Night,” by the group Wake Up Robin, with musicians from North Carolina, New York, California, and Washington State.  It opens an episode where we drop in on a lively Thanksgiving gathering to hear several people name something about water for which they're thankful.  Have a listen for about 50 seconds to some of water's variety and value.VOICES - ~50 sec Water for my mom's garden.Thunderstorms.For the snow.Glaciers.Waterfalls.Oceans.I am thankful for the Pacific Ocean.I'm thankful for the Atlantic Ocean.Evaporation—it's sustains life, and keeps us cool.Without water, we would not be alive.For life.You drink it.It keeps me hydrated.It makes up at least 75 percent of my being.Cleanliness.I love to exercise in the water—it keeps me going.Tears.What's not to like about water?  It's all good as long as it's clean.Virginia Water Radiothanks the Virginians you just heard for reminding us of the diversity, utility, necessity, and vitality of our common wealth of water. Thanks also to Andrew VanNorstrand for permission to use this week's music; and in honor of hydrologic events that provide our water, we close with about 35 more seconds of “Rainy Night.” MUSIC - ~37 sec – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Stewart Scales for his banjo version of “Cripple Creek” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Virginia Water Radio episode revises and replaces Episode 189, 11-25-13. “Rainy Night,” from the 2018 album “Wake Up Robin,” on Great Bear Records, by the group of the same name, is used with permission of Andrew VanNorstrand.  More information about the album and band is available online at https://wakeuprobin.bandcamp.com. Guest voices heard in this episode were recorded by Virginia Water Radio on November 22 and November 24, 2013, in Blacksburg; used with permission.  Virginia Water Radio thanks Blacksburg friends and Virginia Tech co-workers for their participation. Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (1 min./11 sec.) of the “Cripple Creek” arrangement/performance by Stewart Scales that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Scales and the group New Standard, with which Mr. Scales plays, is available online at http://newstandardbluegrass.com. IMAGES (Photographs are by Virginia Water Radio.) Here's a photographic sampler of some of the water resources for which Virginians can be thankful. Historic Aldie Mill in Loudoun County, March 2010. Natural Bridge in Rockbridge County, September 2010. Cascades Falls in Giles County, July 2014.  Woodland stream in Montgomery County, December 2015. Rainbow over Montgomery County, March 2017 Wetlands at Frog Level in Tazewell County, June 2018. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See particularly the “Overall Importance of Water” subject category. Following are links to other episodes related to the Thanksgiving holiday. Episode 291, 11-23-15 – Thanks for Musical Measures of Water.Episode 343, 11-21-16 – Wild Turkey and Water.Episode 395, 11-20-17 – Thanks for the Water—Thanksgiving 2017 Edition.Episode 500, 11-25-19 – The Variety of Virginia's Water Story. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grades K-3 plus 5: MatterK.4 – Water is important in our daily lives and has properties. Grades K-4: Living Systems and ProcessesK.7 – Plants and animals have basic needs and life processes.1.5 – Animals, including humans, have basic life needs that allow them to survive. Grades K-5: Earth and Space Systems3.7 – There is a water cycle and water is important to life on Earth. Grades K-5: Earth ResourcesK.11 – Humans use resources.4.8 – Virginia has important natural resources. Grade 66.6 – Water has unique physical properties and has a role in the natural and human-made environment. Earth ScienceES.6 – Resource use is complex. BiologyBIO.2 – Chemical and biochemical processes are essential for life. 2015 Social Studies SOLs Grades K-3 Economics Theme2.8 – Natural, human, and capital resources.3.8 – Understanding of cultures and of how natural, human, and capital resources are used for goods and services. Virginia's SOLs are available from the Virginia Department of Education, online at http://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/.Following are links to Water Radio episodes (various topics) designed especially for certain K-12 grade levels. Episode 250, 1-26-15 – on boiling, for kindergarten through 3rd grade. Episode 255, 3-2-15 – on density, for 5th and 6th grade. Episode 282, 9-21-15 – on living vs. non-living, for kindergarten. Episode 309, 3-28-16 – on temperature regulation in animals, for kindergarten through 12th grade. Episode 333, 9-12-16 – on dissolved gases, especially dissolved oxygen in aquatic habitats, for 5th grade. Episode 404, 1-22-18 – on ice on ponds and lakes, for 4th through 8th grade. Episode 407, 2-12-18 – on snow chemistry and physics, for high school. Episode 483, 7-29-19 – on buoyancy and drag, for middle school and high school. Episode 524, 5-11-20 – on sounds by water-related animals, for elementary school through high school. Episode 531, 6-29-20 – on various ways that animals get water, for 3rd and 4th grade. Episode 539, 8-24-20 – on basic numbers and facts about Virginia's water resources, for 4th and 6th grade. Episode 606, 12-6-21 – on freezing and ice, for kindergarten through 3rd grade.

music new york university california thanksgiving earth education college water state research zoom tech government north carolina environment normal natural humans dark rain ocean voices animals snow tears citizens agency stream priority rainbow plants environmental biology bay images grade resource bio variety washington state index processes signature pond chemical virginia tech pacific ocean scales atlantic ocean accent arial natural resources compatibility colorful cleanliness photographs sections thunderstorms woodland watershed times new roman wetlands waterfalls chesapeake montgomery county glaciers policymakers acknowledgment new standard wild turkey earth sciences virginians blacksburg loudoun county sols stormwater virginia department cambria math style definitions worddocument rainy night bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr centergroup latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin defjc wrapindent rmargin intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused cripple creek latentstyles table normal evaporation name revision name bibliography living systems grades k space systems natural bridge cumberland gap light accent dark accent colorful accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web giles county audio notes tmdl water center 20image virginia standards donotshowrevisions
Virginia Water Radio
Episode 641 (11-7-22): The U.S. Coast Guard, from Revenue Cutters to Ocean Rescues (for Veterans Day 2022)

Virginia Water Radio

Play Episode Listen Later Nov 7, 2022


CLICK HERE to listen to episode audio (4:15).Sections below are the following: Transcript of Audio Audio Notes and Acknowledgments ImagesExtra Information Sources Related Water Radio Episodes For Virginia Teachers (Relevant SOLs, etc.). Unless otherwise noted, all Web addresses mentioned were functional as of 11-4-22. TRANSCRIPT OF AUDIO From the Cumberland Gap to the Atlantic Ocean, this is Virginia Water Radio for the weeks of November 7 and November 14, 2022.  This is a revised version of an episode from November 2014.SOUND – 3 seconds – “Mayday!  Mayday!  Anybody got a copy?”  In this episode, in honor of Veterans Day on November 11, we focus on the “anybody” that did copy and respond to the distress call you just heard: that is, the U.S. Coast Guard.  Have a listen for about 45 seconds more of the Coast Guard's first response to that vessel sinking off Virginia's coast in April 2010. SOUND – 46 seconds – Boater: “I've struck an object and my boat is going down.  It's going down fast.”  Coast Guard: “Vessel in district, this is Coast Guard Sector Hampton Roads.  Request to know your GPS position.  Over.” Boater: “I'm unable to get a GPS position.  I'm off South, South Cape, about three miles off South Cape.  I've gotta deploy my raft.  She's goin' under.” Coast Guard: “Captain, request to know if you have a life jacket on.  Over.” Boater: “I do have a life jacket on.” Coast Guard:  “Hello all stations.  This is United States Coast Guard, Hampton Roads, Virginia, Sector.  Time 0737 local, the Coast Guard has received a report of a vessel taking on water and going down, with one person on board. … All vessels in the vicinity are requested to keep a sharp lookout, assist if possible, and advise the Coast Guard of all sightings.”The Coast Guard began in 1790 as a 10-ship fleet established to enforce trade laws and reduce smuggling.  In 1915, Congress merged this fleet—by then called the Revenue Cutter Service—with the U.S. Life Saving Service to form the Coast Guard as a branch of the nation's military forces.  Later, the Lighthouse Service and the functions of the Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation, also became part of the Coast Guard.  Today's missions include law enforcement; national defense and homeland security; marine safety; environmental protection; navigation; and search and rescue activities, including the rescue of 13 people from a fishing vessel in the Atlantic off Virginia's coast just this past October 28.  Virginia's connections to the Coast Guard range from George Washington presiding over the establishment of the revenue cutter fleet; to life-saving stations put in service in the 1800s; to the first ice-breaking by a revenue cutter in the Chesapeake Bay in 1906; to today's several active units, including the large Portsmouth base, which started as a depot for lighthouse equipment and is now headquarters for the Coast Guard's Fifth District.Thanks to the Coast Guard for this long history of service “through surf and storm and howling gale,” as the lyrics say in the Coast Guard anthem, “Semper Paratus,” the Latin for “always ready.”  And we close with a short sample of that anthem, played by the U.S. Coast Guard Band. MUSIC -  22 seconds – instrumental. SHIP'S BELL Virginia Water Radio is produced by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, part of Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.  For more Virginia water sounds, music, or information, visit us online at virginiawaterradio.org, or call the Water Center at (540) 231-5624.  Thanks to Ben Cosgrove for his version of “Shenandoah” to open and close this episode.  In Blacksburg, I'm Alan Raflo, thanking you for listening, and wishing you health, wisdom, and good water. AUDIO NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This Virginia Water Radio episode revises and replaces Episode 239, 11-10-14. This episode's sound was excerpted from “Rudee Inlet Rescue Distress Call,” April 2, 2010, a public-domain recording of a U.S. Coast Guard radio communication from Portsmouth, Va., accessed at the audio link of the Defense Video and Imagery Distribution System (DVIDS), online at http://www.dvidshub.net/audio/34895/rudee-inlet-rescue-distress-call#.VGDcZMm_4_t. The U.S. Coast Guard Band's performance of the Coast Guard anthem, “Semper Paratus” (arrangement by Matthew Lake) was accessed November 10, 2014, at the Band's Web site, http://www.uscg.mil/band/recordings.asp, which stated at the time that “The Coast Guard Band produces CD recordings for public relations, educational purposes, public libraries, and morale purposes. ...MP3 recordings are made available here by permission.”  That Web site was not longer available as of November 7, 2022.Click here if you'd like to hear the full version (2 min./22 sec.) of the “Shenandoah” arrangement/performance by Ben Cosgrove that opens and closes this episode.  More information about Mr. Cosgrove is available online at http://www.bencosgrove.com. IMAGES Old Coast Guard Station in Virginia Beach, Va., October 17, 2014.  The station was built in 1903 by the U.S. Life-saving Service, one of the predecessors of the U.S. Coast Guard.  Photo by Coast Guard Petty Officer 3rd Class David Weydert, accessed online at http://www.dvidshub.net/image/1636546/old-coast-guard-station-virginia-beach#.VGDt6sm_4_s.U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Shearwater (right), escorting vessels during Operation Sail 2012 in Norfolk, part of the commemoration of the 200th anniversary of the War of 1812.  Photo by Coast Guard Petty Officer 3rd Class David Marin, accessed online at http://www.dvidshub.net/image/595969/coast-guard-leads-parade-ships#.VGDspMm_4_s.EXTRA INFORMATION ABOUT VETERANS DAY The information below is quoted from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, “History of Veterans Day,” last updated July 20, 2015, accessed online at https://www.va.gov/opa/vetsday/vetdayhistory.asp, 11/3/22. “World War I—known at the time as ‘The Great War'—officially ended when the Treaty of Versailles was signed on June 28, 1919, in the Palace of Versailles outside the town of Versailles, France.  However, fighting ceased seven months earlier when an armistice, or temporary cessation of hostilities, between the Allied nations and Germany went into effect on the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month.  For that reason, November 11, 1918, is generally regarded as the end of ‘the war to end all wars.' “…In November 1919, [U.S.] President [Woodrow] Wilson proclaimed November 11 as the first commemoration of Armistice Day with the following words: ‘To us in America, the reflections of Armistice Day will be filled with solemn pride in the heroism of those who died in the country's service and with gratitude for the victory, both because of the thing from which it has freed us and because of the opportunity it has given America to show her sympathy with peace and justice in the councils of the nations…'  The original concept for the celebration was for a day observed with parades and public meetings and a brief suspension of business beginning at 11:00 a.m. “The United States Congress officially recognized the end of World War I when it passed a concurrent resolution on June 4, 1926, with these words: Whereas the 11th of November 1918, marked the cessation of the most destructive, sanguinary, and far reaching war in human annals and the resumption by the people of the United States of peaceful relations with other nations, which we hope may never again be severed, and Whereas it is fitting that the recurring anniversary of this date should be commemorated with thanksgiving and prayer and exercises designed to perpetuate peace through good will and mutual understanding between nations; and Whereas the legislatures of twenty-seven of our States have already declared November 11 to be a legal holiday, Therefore be it Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), that the President of the United States is requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the officials to display the flag of the United States on all Government buildings on November 11 and inviting the people of the United States to observe the day in schools and churches, or other suitable places, with appropriate ceremonies of friendly relations with all other peoples. “An Act [of Congress] (52 Stat. 351; 5 U. S. Code, Sec. 87a) approved May 13, 1938, made the 11th of November in each year a legal holiday—a day to be dedicated to the cause of world peace and to be thereafter celebrated and known as ‘Armistice Day.' Armistice Day was primarily a day set aside to honor veterans of World War I, but in 1954, after World War II had required the greatest mobilization of soldiers, sailors, Marines, and airmen in the Nation's history, [and] after American forces had fought aggression in Korea, the 83rd Congress, at the urging of the veterans service organizations, amended the Act of 1938 by striking out the word ‘Armistice' and inserting in its place the word ‘Veterans.' With the approval of this legislation (Public Law 380) on June 1, 1954, November 11th became a day to honor American veterans of all wars.” SOURCES Used for Audio City of Portsmouth, Va., “Official Coast Guard City,” online at https://www.portsmouthva.gov/603/Official-Coast-Guard-City. Steve Jones, “Old Coast Guard Station Museum” [Virginia Beach, Va.], online at https://www.virginiabeach.com/listing/attractions-museums/old-coast-guard-station-museum. Military.com, “Coast Guard Birthday,” online at https://www.military.com/coast-guard-birthday. Militarybases.com, “Virginia Military Bases,” online at https://militarybases.com/virginia/. Mark Pratt and Ben Finley, “Coast Guard: 13 Rescued from Sinking Vessel off Virginia,” October 31, 2022, Associated Press, as published by Military.com, online at https://www.military.com/daily-news/2022/10/31/coast-guard-13-rescued-sinking-vessel-off-virginia.html, as of 11-3-22. William H. Thiesen [U.S. Coast Guard Atlantic Area Historian], “The Long Blue Line: Coast Guard's Fifth District—Home of Founders, Firsts and Flight for over 230 years!”  February 26, 2021, online at https://www.mycg.uscg.mil/News/Article/2508958/the-long-blue-line-coast-guards-fifth-districthome-of-founders-firsts-and-fligh/. U.S. Coast Guard, main Web site, online at https://www.uscg.mil/.  Specific pages used were the following:“Frequently Asked Questions,” online at https://www.history.uscg.mil/Frequently-Asked-Questions/;“History,” online at https://www.history.uscg.mil/;“History/Timeline 1700-1800,” online at https://www.history.uscg.mil/Complete-Time-Line/Time-Line-1700-1800/;“Missions,” online at https://www.history.uscg.mil/home/Missions/;“Moments in History: 200th Anniversary of the U.S. Coast Guard, 1990, online (as a PDF) at https://media.defense.gov/2020/May/21/2002303961/-1/-1/0/MOMENTSINHISTORY.PDF;“Semper Paratus (Always Ready)—The Official Coast Guard Marching Song,” online at https://www.history.uscg.mil/Browse-by-Topic/History-Heritage-Traditions/Semper-Paratus/;“Traveling Inspection Staff,” online at https://www.dco.uscg.mil/Our-Organization/Assistant-Commandant-for-Prevention-Policy-CG-5P/Traveling-Inspector-Staff-CG-5P-TI/history/. U.S. Coast Guard Atlantic Area, “Sector Virginia,” online at https://www.atlanticarea.uscg.mil/Atlantic-Area/Units/District-5/Sector-Virginia/. For More Information about Veterans Day U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, “History of Veterans Day,” last updated July 20, 2015, online at https://www.va.gov/opa/vetsday/vetdayhistory.asp; and “Veterans Day,” online at https://www.va.gov/opa/vetsday/. RELATED VIRGINIA WATER RADIO EPISODES All Water Radio episodes are listed by category at the Index link above (http://www.virginiawaterradio.org/p/index.html).  See especially the “Community/Organizations” and “History” subject categories. Following are links to other episodes for Veterans Day. Episode 289, 11-9-15 – Navy.Episode 341, 11-7-16 – Air Force.Episode 394, 11-13-17 –  Army.Episode 446, 11-12-18 – Marine Corps.Episode 498, 11-11-19 – All U.S. military services except the Space Force. FOR VIRGINIA TEACHERS – RELATED STANDARDS OF LEARNING (SOLs) AND OTHER INFORMATION Following are some Virginia Standards of Learning (SOLs) that may be supported by this episode's audio/transcript, sources, or other information included in this post. 2020 Music SOLs SOLs at various grade levels that call for “examining the relationship of music to the other fine arts and other fields of knowledge.” 2018 Science SOLs Grade 66.9 – Humans impact the environment and individuals can influence public policy decisions related to energy and the environment. Earth ScienceES.6 – Resource use is complex.  2015 Social Studies SOLs Grades K-3 Civics Theme3.12 – Importance of government in community, Virginia, and the United States, including government protecting rights and property of individuals. Virginia Studies CourseVS.10 – Knowledge of government, geography, and economics in present-day Virginia. United States History to 1865 CourseUSI.5 – Factors that shaped colonial America and conditions in the colonies, including how people interacted with the environment to produce goods and service. United States History: 1865-to-Present CourseUSII.6 – Social, economic, and technological changes from the 1890s to 1945.USII.9 – Domestic and international issues during the second half of the 20th Century and the early 21st Century.Civics and Economics CourseCE.6 – Government at the national level.Virginia and United States History CourseVUS.14 – Political and social conditions in the 21st Century.

united states america music american university time founders history president social education house france college water service state germany sound research zoom war tech government army national south congress veterans environment world war ii band political code normal natural va military humans states dark rain web ocean atlantic navy snow act flight senate cd citizens agency korea latin air force gps stream sec missions priority revenue environmental palace bay images grade factors resource bureau domestic moments marines sector index marine corps george washington veterans day signature pond associated press virginia tech rescued space force may day norfolk treaty stat versailles atlantic ocean navigation coast guard accent arial portsmouth natural resources allied govt virginia beach great war firsts rescues veterans affairs compatibility colorful resolved sections frequently asked questions civics woodrow wilson watershed times new roman united states congress chesapeake policymakers acknowledgment chesapeake bay earth sciences shenandoah steve jones hampton roads cosgrove armistice armistice day cutters news articles usi public law sols stormwater virginia department united states coast guard cambria math style definitions worddocument bmp saveifxmlinvalid ignoremixedcontent punctuationkerning breakwrappedtables dontgrowautofit trackmoves united states history trackformatting lidthemeother snaptogridincell wraptextwithpunct useasianbreakrules latentstyles deflockedstate lidthemeasian mathpr centergroup latentstylecount msonormaltable subsup undovr donotpromoteqf mathfont brkbin brkbinsub smallfrac dispdef lmargin wrapindent rmargin defjc intlim narylim defunhidewhenused defsemihidden defqformat defpriority lsdexception locked qformat semihidden unhidewhenused latentstyles table normal vus community organizations name bibliography name revision grades k cumberland gap msohyperlink fifth district light accent dark accent colorful accent name closing name message header name salutation name document map name normal web semper paratus ben cosgrove name mention name hashtag name unresolved mention ben finley audio notes tmdl msobodytext water center virginia standards