Podcasts about Communist Russia

Have a question or comment for Pastor Plek or one of his guests. Send it here.A gospel booklet shows up in the mail behind the Iron Curtain and it changes a teenager's life forever. Sergei grew up in Belarus under the USSR, where the aftershock of World War II, state propaganda, and restricted Christianity shaped everything from what people believed to what they feared. We talk through what “freedom” looks like when the government can track believers, disrupt services, and fine families for worship. Then the story jumps forward to Israel. Sergei moved in 2021, started building life as a tour guide, and soon found himself living through October 7 and the long months of alarms that followed. He explains Iron Dome in everyday language, what safe rooms and community shelters are actually like, and why Israelis keep working, parenting, and praying even when sirens become part of the weekly routine. We also get into the human side of it: meeting neighbors in a shelter, watching kids serve in the IDF, and learning the difference between fear and caution. We zoom out on the headlines too, including Hamas, Hezbollah, Iran, and why phrases like “from the river to the sea” can hide a much deeper rejection of Israel's right to exist. Sergei shares history from the 1947 partition plan, describes how propaganda spreads, and offers a Bible-shaped way to pray for Israel and for hearts to recognize Yeshua as Messiah. If this conversation helps you, subscribe, share it with a friend, and leave a review so more people can find it.Support the show

Alex Konanykhin is the founder and CEO of Unicoin, an audited, public reporting, and regulations-compliant cryptocurrency company. His background is so implausible that he resorts to media reports to summarize his life story: The Wall Street Journal: “Mr. Konanykhin was a whiz-kid physics student who became a pioneering Russian capitalist in early 1990s, building a banking and investment empire valued at an estimated $300 million all by his mid-20s. He was a member of President Boris Yeltsin's inner circle.” ABC TV: “Russian Bill Gates.” The Baltimore Sun: “Business whiz kid.” CNN: “Alex Konanykhin controlled Russia's largest commercial bank in the 1990s” The Times [of London]: “By the time he was 25 he was one of the most important figures in post-Communist Russia. But in 1992, while on a business trip to Hungary, Alex Konanykhin was kidnapped.” Forbes: “Alex Konanykhin defected to the United States in 1992 and became the first person to be granted political asylum in the United States for opposing corruption in post-Soviet Russia.” Washington Post: “National Republican Congressional Committee chose Konanykhin "New York Businessman of the Year" The Sun: “Alex Konanykhin fled Russia in 1992 and won asylum in the US after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The entrepreneur had set up 100 different companies in Russia and had an estimated net worth of $300 million by the time he was 25. He is regarded as one of the first Russian millionaires after the fall of the Iron Curtain. One of the newly open country's leading lights, he even met with US President George HW Bush in 1991 on a joint visit with Russian leader Boris Yeltsin. However, he was then kidnapped in 1992 while visiting Budapest and all of his business assets were seized in Russia. … Being hunted by the Russian state, Konanykhin won asylum in the US in 1997 and set up a new life - but the shadow of the Kremlin continued to loom over him.He went on to rebuild a business empire and set up multimillion dollar firms such as TransparentBusiness in the US.” Los Angeles Daily Journal: “Representing himself through much of the process, Konanykhin managed to convince an immigration judge of an alleged INS and KGB conspiracy and cover-up. Following the court's admonishment, the INS agreed to drop all charges and also pay $100,000..The judge also ordered an investigation of the Justice Department. In separate actions, Konanykhin subsequently won multimillion dollar libel judgments against two Russian newspapers. A $100 million lawsuit against the Justice Department is pending, alleging perjury, fraud, torture and witness tampering by U.S government officers on behalf of the Russian Mafia.” Profit Magazine: “Imagine you are a teenage physics genius who quickly amasses a $300 million empire of real estate and banking ventures, has dozens of cars, six hundred employees, several mansions and two hundred bodyguards—but you are nonetheless kidnapped by those you trusted, threatened with torture and death, and have your entire empire stolen from you one dark night in Budapest. You escape with your life by racing through Eastern-block countries and flying to New York on stashed-away passports—only to have the KGB and Russian Mafia hell-bent on your hide and the U.S. government jailing you and conspiring to serve you up into their clutches. All this before your 29th birthday. Sound like a Tom Clancy thriller? No. . . just a slice in the life of Alexander Konanykhin.” Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In 1927, the Nehru family was invited as Soviet Russia's state guests to witness and participate in a celebration to commemorate one decade of the Great October Communist Revolution of 1917.When the whole world was bitterly critical of Russia's massive shortages and unemployment, Nawab Nehru didn't seem surprised that he was provided a luxury class train compartment all sponsored by the USSR.For four days, the Russian government lavishly wined and dined and entertained Nawab Nehru. By the time he returned to India, he was transformed into an incurable Soviet addict.Do listen to this full story which does not find mention in any mainstream narratives about the Congress party and the Nehru dynasty.Support Our PodcastsIf you enjoyed this episode, please consider supporting The Dharma Dispatch podcast so we can offer more such interesting, informative and educational content related to Indian History, Sanatana Dharma, Hindu Culture and current affairs. It takes us months of rigorous research, writing and editing and significant costs to offer this labour of love.Ways you can Support The Dharma Podcast:* UPI: ddispatch@axl* Wallets, Netbanking, etc.* Click the button below to take a paid subscription. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit thedharmadispatch.substack.com/subscribe

Josh and Andrew venture into Soviet Russia to discuss the iconic Dziga Vertov film shown in film history classes, Man with a Movie Camera. Make sure to pay attention and take notes as our hosts go through their thoughts on this essential building block of pure cinema, including a reading of Josh's undergrad essay, commentary on self-awareness, Eisensteinian montage (or not), the nature of “propaganda”, and a look into a time Communist Russia was sliding into Stalinism. Subverting expectations, they go into One More Thing recommending anything but movies, endorsing the all-encompassing "true crime" podcast Criminal (hosted by the honey-voiced Phoebe Judges) and artemistimeline.com, a photo gallery and catalogue showing everything involving the Artemis II mission. Read on at thetake-up.com and follow us @thetakeupstl on Instagram, Twitter, Letterboxd, and Facebook. Special thanks to Social Media Manager Kayla McCulloch and Contributor Ethan Tarantella. Theme music by AMP.

Welcome to daily Bitochon . I'd like to share with you a beautiful story that connects the concept that we spoke about previously called Nechama , which means the ability to look at a situation and give it a different outlook, different perspective. The story I heard from my father-in-law, Rabbi Nussen Sherman, who heard it from the protagonist, the Bluzhover Rebbe . The Bluzhover Rebbe was a great Chasidic Rebbe who passed away at age 99. And he went through slave labor camps, concentration camps, his whole family was wiped out. He eventually came to America and rebuilt his Chasidus . In the following story happens in one of the slave labor camps, Chanukah time. Some of the inmates came and said we want to light the Menorah . He said we don't have the materials, and they said we'll figure it out. He says, okay, if you if if we have people that want to do it, we'll do it. And part of the camp, they made uniforms for the Nazis and they smuggled out some of the threads used for the sewing of the uniforms and those would become the wicks. And they had a ration of margarine that they would get on their dry bread, and they used the margarine as the oil. On the night of Chanukah , the Jews gathered in the barracks together, risking their lives, and the Rebbe was the one that lit the Menorah . He made the bracha l'hadlik ner , he made the bracha she'asa nisim , and finally he made the bracha of Shehecheyanu . There was maybe a hundred people there. They quietly sang Ma'oz Tzur so they wouldn't be caught and be punished or killed by the Nazis for performing a religious act. And then everybody scattered back to their bunks, bunkers. And there was one man that stayed behind. He had a long Russian name, let's call him Drematrovsky. I don't remember exactly what the name was. And after everyone dispersed, he went over to the Rebbe and said, I don't understand you. This man was a became a communist before the war. The Nazis didn't care who you were, he was not religious. And he says, you want to celebrate Chanukah , okay. But you're going to say the word Shehecheyanu ? God kept us alive for this day? Who wants to be alive? We'd rather be dead. It's it's it's a mockery. It's hypocrisy. How could you say Shehecheyanu that we're happy to be here alive? And the Rebbe answered and he said, you're right, we'd rather be dead. But here we are, that in the darkness of a concentration camp, we have a hundred or so Jews that are willing to risk their lives to light the Menorah ? That's the reason to say Shehecheyanu . That God kept us alive for this moment of bravery and courage. And that's the end of part one of the story. Part two of the story, the Rebbe , many years later, had a Chasid , we'll call him Mr. Frankel. And he went back to Communist Russia or Poland to visit the graves of his ancestors. And on this pilgrimage, he meets a Russian man. And the Russian man asks him where he's from. He says he's from America. Do you know Rabbi Shapiro who was the Bluzhover Rebbe ? And the man said, yes, he happens to be he's my rabbi. He said, tell him the following message. Tell him that Drematrovsky told you that the words you told him gave him the strength and the will to continue living and to survive the war. He said, what what are you referring to? He says, don't worry. You just tell him that and he'll know what I'm referring to. And he was referring to that reframe that the Rebbe had given him. When he had despaired and given up everything and wanted to die, the Rebbe found a glimpse of light in the darkest of times and even then, he said it warrants saying a Shehecheyanu . What a beautiful story. Have a wonderful day. beautiful story on how a great man is able to turn around a extremely negative situation.

Michael's story begins with his birth in 1935 in Yugoslavia in what is today Serbia.  His town was occupied by Nazi Germany during World War II.  Following the war, Russian soldiers rounded up his family and other families in his town and placed them in starvation camps.  Learn about post-World War II life under the conditions of Communist Russia and the Soviet Union and how one child and his family escaped life behind the Iron Curtain and survived to become American citizens.Our library of shows can be found at www.veteranscornerradio.comJoin us on Facebook at the page Veterans Corner RadioYou can contact our host Joe Muhlberger at joseph.muhlberger@gmail.com

In the West, World War II is commonly understood as the Allies' struggle against Nazism. Often elided, if not simply forgotten, is the Soviet Union's crucial role in that fight. With this book, acclaimed historian Jochen Hellbeck rectifies this omission by relocating the ideological core of the conflict. It was not the Western powers but Communist Russia that Nazi Germany viewed as an existential threat—in fact, “World Enemy No. 1.” Jewish revolutionaries, the Nazis believed, had seized power in 1917 and were preparing the Soviet state to destroy Germany and the world. And so, on June 22, 1941, a German army of three million attacked the Soviet Union to exterminate “Judeo-Bolshevism,” Hitler's cardinal obsession. While Europe's Jews were expelled, exiled, and persecuted by the Nazis, Soviet Jews were immediately slated for elimination. The Soviet lands thus became ground zero for systematic extermination, which was only later extended to all Jews, igniting the Holocaust.Hellbeck plumbs newly declassified archives and previously undiscovered sources—testimonies, diaries, and dispatches from soldiers and civilians, Soviet and German—to offer a unique history that takes account of both sides. He reconstructs the years leading up to the war when “Europe against Bolshevism” was the Nazis' most fervid rallying cry, and documents their annihilatory ambitions on the battlegrounds in the East. Widely disseminated accounts of German atrocities mobilized millions of Soviet citizens to join a people's war against the hated invaders. Hellbeck tracks the desire for revenge that drove the Red Army on its path of reconquest, an advance that further inflamed the belief in a murderous “Bolshevik Jew,” stirring the Germans to fight to the bitter end. Recounted here in vivid detail are the events at Babi Yar, the Battle of Stalingrad, the liberation of the concentration camps, and the arrival of the Red Army in the Nazi capital. Finally, Hellbeck reckons with the West's persistent disregard of the Soviet Union's incalculable contribution to winning the war—and its sacrifice of twenty-six million citizens—as anti-communism and the Cold War turned erstwhile allies into mortal enemies.Hellbeck's eye-opening work is an astonishing new reading of both the Second World War and how its history has been told. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/intellectual-history

In the West, World War II is commonly understood as the Allies' struggle against Nazism. Often elided, if not simply forgotten, is the Soviet Union's crucial role in that fight. With this book, acclaimed historian Jochen Hellbeck rectifies this omission by relocating the ideological core of the conflict. It was not the Western powers but Communist Russia that Nazi Germany viewed as an existential threat—in fact, “World Enemy No. 1.” Jewish revolutionaries, the Nazis believed, had seized power in 1917 and were preparing the Soviet state to destroy Germany and the world. And so, on June 22, 1941, a German army of three million attacked the Soviet Union to exterminate “Judeo-Bolshevism,” Hitler's cardinal obsession. While Europe's Jews were expelled, exiled, and persecuted by the Nazis, Soviet Jews were immediately slated for elimination. The Soviet lands thus became ground zero for systematic extermination, which was only later extended to all Jews, igniting the Holocaust.Hellbeck plumbs newly declassified archives and previously undiscovered sources—testimonies, diaries, and dispatches from soldiers and civilians, Soviet and German—to offer a unique history that takes account of both sides. He reconstructs the years leading up to the war when “Europe against Bolshevism” was the Nazis' most fervid rallying cry, and documents their annihilatory ambitions on the battlegrounds in the East. Widely disseminated accounts of German atrocities mobilized millions of Soviet citizens to join a people's war against the hated invaders. Hellbeck tracks the desire for revenge that drove the Red Army on its path of reconquest, an advance that further inflamed the belief in a murderous “Bolshevik Jew,” stirring the Germans to fight to the bitter end. Recounted here in vivid detail are the events at Babi Yar, the Battle of Stalingrad, the liberation of the concentration camps, and the arrival of the Red Army in the Nazi capital. Finally, Hellbeck reckons with the West's persistent disregard of the Soviet Union's incalculable contribution to winning the war—and its sacrifice of twenty-six million citizens—as anti-communism and the Cold War turned erstwhile allies into mortal enemies.Hellbeck's eye-opening work is an astonishing new reading of both the Second World War and how its history has been told. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

In the West, World War II is commonly understood as the Allies' struggle against Nazism. Often elided, if not simply forgotten, is the Soviet Union's crucial role in that fight. With this book, acclaimed historian Jochen Hellbeck rectifies this omission by relocating the ideological core of the conflict. It was not the Western powers but Communist Russia that Nazi Germany viewed as an existential threat—in fact, “World Enemy No. 1.” Jewish revolutionaries, the Nazis believed, had seized power in 1917 and were preparing the Soviet state to destroy Germany and the world. And so, on June 22, 1941, a German army of three million attacked the Soviet Union to exterminate “Judeo-Bolshevism,” Hitler's cardinal obsession. While Europe's Jews were expelled, exiled, and persecuted by the Nazis, Soviet Jews were immediately slated for elimination. The Soviet lands thus became ground zero for systematic extermination, which was only later extended to all Jews, igniting the Holocaust.Hellbeck plumbs newly declassified archives and previously undiscovered sources—testimonies, diaries, and dispatches from soldiers and civilians, Soviet and German—to offer a unique history that takes account of both sides. He reconstructs the years leading up to the war when “Europe against Bolshevism” was the Nazis' most fervid rallying cry, and documents their annihilatory ambitions on the battlegrounds in the East. Widely disseminated accounts of German atrocities mobilized millions of Soviet citizens to join a people's war against the hated invaders. Hellbeck tracks the desire for revenge that drove the Red Army on its path of reconquest, an advance that further inflamed the belief in a murderous “Bolshevik Jew,” stirring the Germans to fight to the bitter end. Recounted here in vivid detail are the events at Babi Yar, the Battle of Stalingrad, the liberation of the concentration camps, and the arrival of the Red Army in the Nazi capital. Finally, Hellbeck reckons with the West's persistent disregard of the Soviet Union's incalculable contribution to winning the war—and its sacrifice of twenty-six million citizens—as anti-communism and the Cold War turned erstwhile allies into mortal enemies.Hellbeck's eye-opening work is an astonishing new reading of both the Second World War and how its history has been told. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

In the West, World War II is commonly understood as the Allies' struggle against Nazism. Often elided, if not simply forgotten, is the Soviet Union's crucial role in that fight. With this book, acclaimed historian Jochen Hellbeck rectifies this omission by relocating the ideological core of the conflict. It was not the Western powers but Communist Russia that Nazi Germany viewed as an existential threat—in fact, “World Enemy No. 1.” Jewish revolutionaries, the Nazis believed, had seized power in 1917 and were preparing the Soviet state to destroy Germany and the world. And so, on June 22, 1941, a German army of three million attacked the Soviet Union to exterminate “Judeo-Bolshevism,” Hitler's cardinal obsession. While Europe's Jews were expelled, exiled, and persecuted by the Nazis, Soviet Jews were immediately slated for elimination. The Soviet lands thus became ground zero for systematic extermination, which was only later extended to all Jews, igniting the Holocaust.Hellbeck plumbs newly declassified archives and previously undiscovered sources—testimonies, diaries, and dispatches from soldiers and civilians, Soviet and German—to offer a unique history that takes account of both sides. He reconstructs the years leading up to the war when “Europe against Bolshevism” was the Nazis' most fervid rallying cry, and documents their annihilatory ambitions on the battlegrounds in the East. Widely disseminated accounts of German atrocities mobilized millions of Soviet citizens to join a people's war against the hated invaders. Hellbeck tracks the desire for revenge that drove the Red Army on its path of reconquest, an advance that further inflamed the belief in a murderous “Bolshevik Jew,” stirring the Germans to fight to the bitter end. Recounted here in vivid detail are the events at Babi Yar, the Battle of Stalingrad, the liberation of the concentration camps, and the arrival of the Red Army in the Nazi capital. Finally, Hellbeck reckons with the West's persistent disregard of the Soviet Union's incalculable contribution to winning the war—and its sacrifice of twenty-six million citizens—as anti-communism and the Cold War turned erstwhile allies into mortal enemies.Hellbeck's eye-opening work is an astonishing new reading of both the Second World War and how its history has been told. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

In the West, World War II is commonly understood as the Allies' struggle against Nazism. Often elided, if not simply forgotten, is the Soviet Union's crucial role in that fight. With this book, acclaimed historian Jochen Hellbeck rectifies this omission by relocating the ideological core of the conflict. It was not the Western powers but Communist Russia that Nazi Germany viewed as an existential threat—in fact, “World Enemy No. 1.” Jewish revolutionaries, the Nazis believed, had seized power in 1917 and were preparing the Soviet state to destroy Germany and the world. And so, on June 22, 1941, a German army of three million attacked the Soviet Union to exterminate “Judeo-Bolshevism,” Hitler's cardinal obsession. While Europe's Jews were expelled, exiled, and persecuted by the Nazis, Soviet Jews were immediately slated for elimination. The Soviet lands thus became ground zero for systematic extermination, which was only later extended to all Jews, igniting the Holocaust.Hellbeck plumbs newly declassified archives and previously undiscovered sources—testimonies, diaries, and dispatches from soldiers and civilians, Soviet and German—to offer a unique history that takes account of both sides. He reconstructs the years leading up to the war when “Europe against Bolshevism” was the Nazis' most fervid rallying cry, and documents their annihilatory ambitions on the battlegrounds in the East. Widely disseminated accounts of German atrocities mobilized millions of Soviet citizens to join a people's war against the hated invaders. Hellbeck tracks the desire for revenge that drove the Red Army on its path of reconquest, an advance that further inflamed the belief in a murderous “Bolshevik Jew,” stirring the Germans to fight to the bitter end. Recounted here in vivid detail are the events at Babi Yar, the Battle of Stalingrad, the liberation of the concentration camps, and the arrival of the Red Army in the Nazi capital. Finally, Hellbeck reckons with the West's persistent disregard of the Soviet Union's incalculable contribution to winning the war—and its sacrifice of twenty-six million citizens—as anti-communism and the Cold War turned erstwhile allies into mortal enemies.Hellbeck's eye-opening work is an astonishing new reading of both the Second World War and how its history has been told. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/german-studies

In the West, World War II is commonly understood as the Allies' struggle against Nazism. Often elided, if not simply forgotten, is the Soviet Union's crucial role in that fight. With this book, acclaimed historian Jochen Hellbeck rectifies this omission by relocating the ideological core of the conflict. It was not the Western powers but Communist Russia that Nazi Germany viewed as an existential threat—in fact, “World Enemy No. 1.” Jewish revolutionaries, the Nazis believed, had seized power in 1917 and were preparing the Soviet state to destroy Germany and the world. And so, on June 22, 1941, a German army of three million attacked the Soviet Union to exterminate “Judeo-Bolshevism,” Hitler's cardinal obsession. While Europe's Jews were expelled, exiled, and persecuted by the Nazis, Soviet Jews were immediately slated for elimination. The Soviet lands thus became ground zero for systematic extermination, which was only later extended to all Jews, igniting the Holocaust.Hellbeck plumbs newly declassified archives and previously undiscovered sources—testimonies, diaries, and dispatches from soldiers and civilians, Soviet and German—to offer a unique history that takes account of both sides. He reconstructs the years leading up to the war when “Europe against Bolshevism” was the Nazis' most fervid rallying cry, and documents their annihilatory ambitions on the battlegrounds in the East. Widely disseminated accounts of German atrocities mobilized millions of Soviet citizens to join a people's war against the hated invaders. Hellbeck tracks the desire for revenge that drove the Red Army on its path of reconquest, an advance that further inflamed the belief in a murderous “Bolshevik Jew,” stirring the Germans to fight to the bitter end. Recounted here in vivid detail are the events at Babi Yar, the Battle of Stalingrad, the liberation of the concentration camps, and the arrival of the Red Army in the Nazi capital. Finally, Hellbeck reckons with the West's persistent disregard of the Soviet Union's incalculable contribution to winning the war—and its sacrifice of twenty-six million citizens—as anti-communism and the Cold War turned erstwhile allies into mortal enemies.Hellbeck's eye-opening work is an astonishing new reading of both the Second World War and how its history has been told. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/russian-studies

In the West, World War II is commonly understood as the Allies' struggle against Nazism. Often elided, if not simply forgotten, is the Soviet Union's crucial role in that fight. With this book, acclaimed historian Jochen Hellbeck rectifies this omission by relocating the ideological core of the conflict. It was not the Western powers but Communist Russia that Nazi Germany viewed as an existential threat—in fact, “World Enemy No. 1.” Jewish revolutionaries, the Nazis believed, had seized power in 1917 and were preparing the Soviet state to destroy Germany and the world. And so, on June 22, 1941, a German army of three million attacked the Soviet Union to exterminate “Judeo-Bolshevism,” Hitler's cardinal obsession. While Europe's Jews were expelled, exiled, and persecuted by the Nazis, Soviet Jews were immediately slated for elimination. The Soviet lands thus became ground zero for systematic extermination, which was only later extended to all Jews, igniting the Holocaust.Hellbeck plumbs newly declassified archives and previously undiscovered sources—testimonies, diaries, and dispatches from soldiers and civilians, Soviet and German—to offer a unique history that takes account of both sides. He reconstructs the years leading up to the war when “Europe against Bolshevism” was the Nazis' most fervid rallying cry, and documents their annihilatory ambitions on the battlegrounds in the East. Widely disseminated accounts of German atrocities mobilized millions of Soviet citizens to join a people's war against the hated invaders. Hellbeck tracks the desire for revenge that drove the Red Army on its path of reconquest, an advance that further inflamed the belief in a murderous “Bolshevik Jew,” stirring the Germans to fight to the bitter end. Recounted here in vivid detail are the events at Babi Yar, the Battle of Stalingrad, the liberation of the concentration camps, and the arrival of the Red Army in the Nazi capital. Finally, Hellbeck reckons with the West's persistent disregard of the Soviet Union's incalculable contribution to winning the war—and its sacrifice of twenty-six million citizens—as anti-communism and the Cold War turned erstwhile allies into mortal enemies.Hellbeck's eye-opening work is an astonishing new reading of both the Second World War and how its history has been told. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/eastern-european-studies

Churchill described Communist Russia as a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma. For Pulitzer Prize winning Princeton historian, Paul Starr, America might be the new Soviet Union. It's a such contradiction, in fact, that he entitles his new book American Contradiction, in an attempt to describe the dominant narrative of “revolution and revenge” from the 1950s to today's America. But unlike Churchill, who unwrapped the Russian enigma through national interest, Starr finds only more contradictory contradictions about America. The civil rights revolution triggered the Goldwater/Reagan/MAGA revenge. Obama's hope intensified the reactionary backlash. Economic progress created deeper cultural despair. Each new development triggers an old question, each fresh solution an even staler problem. After 250 years tracing America's conflicts from slavery through Trump, the distinguished historian admits he has no idea how it ends (or even begins). Perhaps that's the biggest contradiction of all: a brilliant, yet paralysing diagnosis that offers no cure, an explanation of everything, everywhere all at once that leads us back to the original contradiction. Futile snakes and ladders. A never ending game of one step forward and one step back. 1. The Diagnosis Without a Cure Starr traces America's current divisions back to the founding contradiction between freedom and slavery, through civil rights, to today's Trump era. But after 500 pages and decades of study, he admits he has no solutions - not even a “solutions chapter.” His analysis is comprehensive yet paralyzingly circular.2. Nixon: The Forgotten Liberal? The most surprising historical insight: Richard Nixon implemented affirmative action, desegregated Southern schools, and pushed for guaranteed income and universal healthcare. Starr argues Nixon was temperamentally like Trump but substantively “the last liberal president” - a paradox that complicates standard political narratives.3. “Wokeism is to Trumpism as a Flea is to an Elephant” When pressed on whether progressive cultural politics contributed to the backlash, Starr dismisses “cancel culture” concerns as trivial compared to Trump using state power against media outlets. He signed the Harper's Letter but won't seriously examine the left's role in alienating working-class voters.4. The “Sleepwalking” Theory Starr's one semi-original contribution: 1990s Democrats didn't understand they were creating conditions for their own defeat. The 1965 immigration reformers had “no idea” of long-term implications. Free trade's concentrated devastation of Midwest communities was unforeseen. But he stops short of saying these were mistakes.5. Obama Made Everything Worse Perhaps the most deflating revelation: Starr thought Obama's election would end America's racial contradiction. Instead, it “intensified racial feeling” and triggered the revenge cycle. He's now “sobered” by this mistake and doesn't expect to see resolution in his lifetime - essentially admitting his life's work has led nowhere.Keen On America is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit keenon.substack.com/subscribe

It's not exactly news that the Nazis didn't like the Jews. But according to the Rutgers historian Jochen Hellbeck, author of World Enemy Number One, the Nazi obsession went so far as to believe that the Soviet Union was owned and operated by a global cabal of Jews. And so, Hellbeck argues, it was not the Western powers but Communist Russia that Nazi Germany viewed as an existential threat—in fact, “World Enemy No. 1.” Jewish revolutionaries, the Nazis believed, had seized power in 1917 and were preparing the Soviet state to destroy Germany and the world. This paranoid delusion drove Nazi Germany's most catastrophic decision: launching Operation Barbarossa in 1941. While Hitler made tactical alliances and fought on multiple fronts, Hellbeck demonstrates through his meticulous archival research that the destruction of “Judeo-Bolshevism” remained the Nazis' primary ideological mission. Drawing on overlooked Soviet sources, including war correspondent Ilya Ehrenburg's writings, Hellbeck shows how this twisted worldview shaped not just propaganda but military strategy, ultimately leading to both the Holocaust and Germany's catastrophic defeat on the Eastern Front.1. The Nazis saw “Judeo-Bolshevism” as one unified threat The Nazis genuinely believed Soviet communism was a Jewish conspiracy for world domination. They conflated Russians, Bolsheviks, and Jews into a single enemy - viewing Karl Marx's Jewish heritage as proof that communism itself was a Jewish plot to destroy Germany.2. This obsession drove Nazi military strategy, not just propaganda Hitler's decision to invade the Soviet Union wasn't merely opportunistic. German military planning for attacking the USSR, including detailed preparations for different rail gauges and propaganda leaflets, began in the mid-1930s - showing this was a long-term ideological priority, not a tactical decision.3. Soviet sources deserve serious historical consideration Western historiography has often dismissed Soviet wartime accounts as propaganda. But Hellbeck's research, particularly examining war correspondent Ilya Ehrenburg's work against German documents, shows these Soviet sources accurately documented Nazi atrocities and mindsets without fabrication.4. Ordinary Germans, not just the SS, committed atrocities The Wehrmacht's brutality on the Eastern Front wasn't limited to special units. Hellbeck found that whenever German soldiers felt threatened, they defaulted to extreme racial violence - a pattern that intensified as the Red Army approached Germany in 1944-45.5. The war's memory continues shaping current conflicts The different ways Eastern and Western Ukraine remembered WWII (Soviet liberation vs. Soviet occupation) contributed to the country's political divisions. Putin's Russia still invokes the “Great Patriotic War” to justify current actions, showing how WWII's contested legacy remains politically explosive.Keen On America is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit keenon.substack.com/subscribe

A fortune hunter returns with his heiress bride from their honeymoon to collect her inheritance. Has he finally secured his ultimate prize?November 1933, as birthday girl Princes Barbara Hutton Mdivani turns 21, she seems to have it all a prince for a husband and a large fortune all her own and now is a fashion and pop culture icon. But will it be enough? What else could an heiress want? Other people and subjects include:Prince Alexis Mdivani, Princess Barbara Hutton Mdivani, Doris Duke, Cobina Wright, Frankly Hutton, Irene Hutton, “Jeem” James Jimmy Donahue, Aunt Jessie Woolworth Donahue, Woolworth “Woolie” Donahue, Prince Serge Mdivani, Prince David Mdivani, Mary McCormic – formerly Princess Mdivani, “Alfy” Alfred Vanderbilt, Jr., Dorothy “Dottie” Fell, Pola Negri, Elsa Maxwell, James Blakeley, Frank Woolworth, Edna Woolworth Hutton, Prince David – Prince of Wales – future King Edward VIII – future Duke of Windsor, British King George V, British Queen Mary, Mahatma Gandhi, William Waldorf Astor, Joan Crawford, Douglas Fairbanks, Jr., magician & mind reader Dunninger, Martin Van Buren Morris, Bobby La Branche, Hank Topping, M. Dorland “Larry” Doyles, Jane Bride, John Watts Kearney, John Carney, Gordon Sayre, Sam Piza, Mae West, Irving Berlin, Moss Hart, Clifton Webb, Marilyn Miller, Dorothy Dilley, Oscar Shaw, Anne Harding, Harry Bannister, “As Thousands Cheer” musical revue, “Hot & Bothered” play, newsworthy, headlines, Great Scavenger Hunt, farewell party, birthday party, birthday cake, simple dinner, not exceptional, Hungarian orchestra, gypsy music, Chinese proverbs, fashion, jewelry, Prohibition, champagne, wine, E.F. Hutton financial firm, press, police, crowds, fanfare, New York City mayoral race, Communist or Socialist candidate, Fifth Avenue Hutton townhome, ocean liner Bremen, Music Box, Broadway, Central Park Casino, La Rue restaurant, Waldorf-Astoria hotel, Harlem Cotton Club, Georgian delegation, Soviet State of Georgia, Communist Russia, Paris, New York City, four Barbara Hutton biographies, two unnamed sources, Barbara Hutton by Dean Jennings, Million Dollar Baby by Philip Van Rensselaer Poor Little Rich Girl by David Heymann, In Search of A Prince by Mona Eldridge, Noel Coward song Poor Little Rich Girl, tv movie, Farrah Fawcett, plagiarism lawsuit, Ethel Waters, “Supper Time” song, lynching, President Herbert Hoover, White House, Grandpa Rockefeller, Radio City Music Hall, British royals, Metropolitan Opera, Al Jolson, Walt Disney, D.W. Griffith, Ina Claire, Marie Dressler, Louis Kaufman, Jr., “Kultur” play, Hitler, Nazi, “Fan Dancer” play, burlesque, Sally Rand, fan dancing, clubs, Harlem, Greenwich Village, overlaps and connections, missing panties - skanties, autographed sock, gossip, attention, big birthdays, perverted male gaze, pervy attention, female child stars turning 18, Olsen twins – Mary-Kate and Ashley, Stranger Things, Millie Bobby Brown, appearance, rapid aging, reduced makeup Pamela Anderson, plastic surgery, Jennifer Anniston, Lauren Sanchez Bezos, weight loss, Fen-Phen, Atkins, gastric bypass surgery, Ozempic, semiglutide, GLP-1, rapid weight loss, pressure and obsession to be thin, too thin, silhouette, slender silhouette in Flapper & Great Depression, curvy figure in World War II, Marilyn Monroe, stress, Donna & Medrano…--Extra Notes / Call to Action:Past Perfect Vintage Musichttps://www.pastperfect.com/radio/www.pastperfect.comThe Words & Music of Irving Berlin, a volume set with over 22 songs.https://www.pastperfect.com/product/the-words-and-music-of-irving-berlin-from-the-30s-40s/3 volume collection The Words & Music Multibuy with George Gershwin, Noel Coward, and Irving Berlin.https://www.pastperfect.com/product/words-music-series-cole-porter-irving-berlin-noel-coward-multibuy/Paris and New York and Fresedo by Jose Manuel Araquehttps://www.fresedo.de/2023/06/paris-and-new-york-before-fresedo.html?fbclid=IwY2xjawM0g-5leHRuA2FlbQIxMABicmlkETFxZ3F0eGpxSlhia0dJbDJmAR4drAk5RNvb7EmEToxQQvN7O3PNvb9rcV-IKI0LRxDspAzpsQ4NCU_cdbc46Q_aem_xbCrE49oWBqxv58TIuQmnwChapter 19: Fresedo in Parishttps://www.fresedo.de/2021/04/fresedo-en-paris.html?m=1&fbclid=IwY2xjawM0g85leHRuA2FlbQIxMABicmlkETFxZ3F0eGpxSlhia0dJbDJmAR76oKJOS1DMAMBvlQsC9Qwslf8PzXJHXn-QueJLlMU6yz3qwaNW_1Moit7Ltw_aem_bnxS5maobk-N_cRuNbAhGAShare, like, subscribe --Archival Music provided by Past Perfect Vintage Music, www.pastperfect.com.Opening Music: My Heart Belongs to Daddy by Billy Cotton, Album The Great British Dance BandsSection 1 Music: This Is The Missus by Sidney Kyte & His Piccadilly Hotel Band, Album The Great Dance Bands Play Hits of the 30sSection 2 Music: Shout for Happiness by Ray Noble & His Orchestra, Album The Great British Dance BandsSection 3 Music: Five Foot Two, Eyes of Blue by The Savoy Orpheans, Album Fascinating Rhythm – Great Hits of the 20sEnd Music: My Heart Belongs to Daddy by Billy Cotton, Album The Great British Dance Bands--https://asthemoneyburns.com/X / TW / IG – @asthemoneyburnsX / Twitter – https://x.com/asthemoneyburnsInstagram – https://www.instagram.com/asthemoneyburns/Facebook – https://www.facebook.com/asthemoneyburns/

Friends of the Rosary,Today, May 13, the Catholic Church celebrates the feast of Our Lady of Fatima, or Our Lady of the Holy Rosary of Fátima (Nossa Senhora de Fátima).This feast commemorates the Blessed Virgin Mary's first of six appearances to three Portuguese shepherd children in 1917.During the apparitions, Mary revealed herself as Our Lady of the Rosary and conveyed messages about the importance of prayer and penance.The message of Fatima includes a call to conversion of heart, repentance from sin, love and trust in God, and a dedication to the Blessed Virgin Mary, especially through the daily prayer of the Rosary.On May 13th, 1917, the siblings Francisco and Jacinta Marto, aged 9 and 7 respectively, with their cousin Lucia Dos Santos, aged 10, saw inside a cloud the figure of a woman dressed in white who bore in her hand a rosary.Our Lady of Fatima asked them to return to that place in the following months, always on the 13th day.At those meetings, Our Lady of Fatima revealed startling facts to the children who were to attend, such as the end of the First World War and the threat of a second war, which was even more terrible. Other revelations concerned the political order of the world and the advent of Communist Russia.Mary also exhorted the three shepherd children: “Pray, pray very much. Make sacrifices for sinners. Many souls go to hell, because no one is willing to help them with sacrifice.”“In the end, my Immaculate Heart will triumph,” she reassured the children.In 1930, the Catholic Church recognized the supernatural nature of Our Lady of Fatima's apparitions. In her honor, a sanctuary was erected, and faithful worldwide still visit it as a pilgrimage destination.Today is also the traditional commemoration of Our Lady of the Most Blessed Sacrament. Saint Peter Julian Eymard gave this title to our Blessed Mother in May 1868 to honor her relationship to the Holy Eucharist and to place her before us as a model in our devotion to the Blessed Sacrament.Ave Maria!Jesus, I Trust In You!Come, Holy Spirit, come!To Jesus through Mary!Here I am, Lord; I come to do your will. Please give us the grace to respond with joy!+ Mikel Amigot w/ María Blanca | RosaryNetwork.com, New York• May 13, 2025, Today's Rosary on YouTube | Daily broadcast at 7:30 pm ET

Given the current issues in the US and abroad regarding immigration, the Russia-Ukraine war, democracy, and anti-semitism, Katy Meilleur, a nurse scientist who works on drugs for neurological disorders, recently published her father's memoirs. Lev Perlov escaped from Communist Russia with his wife and two daughters in 1973 tricking the KGB and slipping out despite rules meant to thwart Jewish emigrants. The daughter tells us that his story of survival and human triumph against all odds, is hopeful and inspiring.Katy Meilleur is a nurse scientist with a BA in biology from the University of Maryland, a master's in Nursing from the University of Pennsylvania, and a Ph.D. in nursing from Johns Hopkins University. She works in the biotech industry developing drugs for rare, neurological disorders. Born in the 1970's in communist Russia, she narrowly escaped to the US with her parents when she was an infant. She recently translated, added to, found photos for, and published her father's memoirs about that escape in a book entitled The Flight: How My Family Outsmarted the KGB.

Given the current issues in the US and abroad regarding immigration, the Russia-Ukraine war, democracy, and anti-semitism, Katy Meilleur, a nurse scientist who works on drugs for neurological disorders, recently published her father's memoirs. Lev Perlov escaped from Communist Russia with his wife and two daughters in 1973 tricking the KGB and slipping out despite rules meant to thwart Jewish emigrants. The daughter tells us that his story of survival and human triumph against all odds, is hopeful and inspiring. Katy Meilleur is a nurse scientist with a BA in biology from the University of Maryland, a master's in Nursing from the University of Pennsylvania, and a Ph.D. in nursing from Johns Hopkins University. She works in the biotech industry developing drugs for rare, neurological disorders. Born in the 1970's in communist Russia, she narrowly escaped to the US with her parents when she was an infant. She recently translated, added to, found photos for, and published her father's memoirs about that escape in a book entitled The Flight: How My Family Outsmarted the KGB.

Cáel's tombstone: For the love of women, women put him here.In 25 parts, edited from the works of FinalStand.Listen and subscribe to the ► Podcast at Connected..

Author Bill Sunshine dropped in to talk about growing up during the Cold War, the secret millionaires and divided political factions in Communist Russia, and how these come together to inform his new book “Paris Nights: Escape from Moscow.” Listen to our conversation here!   Thanks for joining me for this episode! I'm a Houston- based attorney, run an HR Consulting company called Claremont Management Group, and am a tenured professor at the University of St. Thomas. I've also written several non-fiction political commentary books: Bad Deal for America (2022) explores the Vegas-style corruption running rampant in Washington DC, while The Decline of America: 100 Years of Leadership Failures (2018) analyzes – and grades – the leadership qualities of the past 100 years of U.S. presidents. You can find my books on Amazon, and me on social media (Twitter @DSchein1, LinkedIn @DavidSchein, and Facebook, Instagram, & YouTube @AuthorDavidSchein). I'd love to hear from you!   As always, the opinions expressed in this podcast are mine and my guests' and not the opinions of my university, my company, or the businesses with which I am connected.

This is your wake-up call, America! Communism is on the rise and increasingly gaining ground in our culture. Julie Behling knows because she saw the aftermath of Communism in Russia. As a missionary to the former Soviet Union in the 1990s, Julie witnessed a culture that had been overtaken by Marxism at every level. In her new documentary, "Beneath Sheep's Clothing," Julie shares the disturbing parallels between Communist Russia and what is happening in our culture today. If you care about our children's future, if you care about freedom: listen up!

Whilst we know the Korean Peninsula is split into two quite separate countries, North Korea and South Korea, that has not always been been the case. Korea was an independent, singular nation until the Japanese colonised it at the start of the 20th century. This collapsed after the Second World War, at which time the USA and Russia swept in to create their own spheres of influence, separated by the 38th parallel. Communist Russia in the north, capitalist USA in the south. Listen as William and Anita are joined by Paul Thomas Chamberlain to discuss the origins of North and South Korea. Twitter: @Empirepoduk Email: empirepoduk@gmail.com Goalhangerpodcasts.com Assistant Producer: Anouska Lewis Producer: Callum Hill Exec Producer: Neil Fearn Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

With our good deeds, we are able to bring joy and satisfaction to HaKadosh Baruch Hu. Although logically that doesn't make so much sense, we would never imagine that a little ant could bring satisfaction to a king surrounded by servants and advisors at his beck and call. How much more so us in comparison to HaKadosh Baruch Hu? Yet, Hashem told us in the Torah regarding the korbanot, they are a ריח ניחוח לה ', which Chazal explained to mean that Hashem gets satisfaction when we follow His will. The greatest satisfaction we could bring Hashem is when we do His will with joy and excitement. Being happy to do Mitzvot elevates us and brings us even closer to him, as well as opens up pipelines of blessing, both physically and spiritually. It's not easy to be excited about something we do all the time, but when we hear of what previous generations had to go through to do what we take for granted, it gives us extra chizuk to appreciate the treasures that we have before us. Rabbi Bergman told a story which took place 30 years ago. An elder, noble-looking Jew began coming to a certain shul in Brooklyn for shacharit. He arrived 15 minutes early and said Birkot HaShachar and korbanot with great kavana. Rabbi Bergman was astonished to see him pray the entire Tefillah without tefillin. After the Tefillah, he went over to the man and introduced himself. The man said his name was Zusha and he had come to America from Russia. The rabbi offered to let him use his tefillin, but Zusha declined, saying he would never borrow tefillin because they're too expensive and he's afraid to damage them. The next morning, he prayed once again without tefillin. This time Rabbi Bergman went around and made a collection to buy tefillin for Zusha who couldn't afford them himself. Everybody in the shul donated generously and the rabbi was able to buy a pair of very mehudar tefillin. The next day, the rabbi presented Zusha with the tefillin when he arrived at shul. When he heard they were a gift from the members of the shul, he burst out into tears like a young child. His tefillah with tefillin that day was like ne'ilah on Yom Kippur. He was so emotional, crying the entire tefillah. Afterward, Rabbi Bergman approached him and asked him when the last time he put tefillin on was. Zusha replied 60 years ago. Rabbi Bergman was shocked. He said to Zusha, "I watched you put them on. You knew exactly what you were doing. Not like a secular newcomer for the first time." Zusha replied, "Not a day went by that I didn't put on tefillin." Now, Rabbi Bergman was really confused. Zusha explained. He said, "My father was a real yireh shamayim. During those years in Communist Russia, whoever was caught practicing religion would vanish without a trace. My father bought me the most beautiful tefillin for my bar mitzvah, and he took me up to our attic, shuttered all the windows, and taught me how to put them on. Within ten minutes, three KGB thugs appeared. Someone had informed on us. They tore the tefillin off my head and my father from the house. Since then, I haven't had tefillin, and since then, I haven't seen my father, 60 years." "The next morning while my mother cried in the kitchen, I went back up to the attic without my father and without my tefillin, but with my siddur. I lifted my eyes to the heavens and said to Hashem, 'They stole my father and they stole my tefillin, but they can't steal my heart. My heart is fired with love for you, Hashem. I want to put on tefillin so badly, but I don't have them. I'm going to go through the motions of putting on tefillin with the proper kavana every single day. Through that, I will connect to you the Boreh Olam.' And every day, for the last 60 years, I put on tefillin with just the motions. I didn't have the physical tefillin, but I had the heart of tefillin." Rabbi Bergman was so inspired. Look at the love that this Jew had for the mitzvot. From that day on, Rabbi Bergman had a new appreciation for his tefillin and for all the mitzvot as well. If we could value the mitzvot and feel that they are our greatest privilege, that would bring so much satisfaction to HaKadosh Baruch Hu.

Fr John Ssemaganda presents how Our Lady had set the course for humanity with a warning of a mother in her apparitions in Fatima, Portugal. In Revelation, we are reminded of the enmity between the serpent and the woman from Genesis, between the serpent and her children. She comes to warn us her children. Her warnings from her apparitions in 1917, saved us from Communist Russia, a country in need of conversion. Her example continues to be relevant today as our Western culture now leans closer and closer in ideology to communism, and further away from God. _____________________   Join the Parousia mailing list at https://www.parousiamedia.com/mailing-list/   Parousia is committed to proclaiming the fullness of truth! If you wish to help us in our mission with a donation please visit our website here https://www.parousiamedia.com/donate/ to learn ways that you can contribute.

Jordan and Taylor talk about the reaction to Socialism in America, and/or Communist Russia. Do you enjoy modern art? Do you have a multi racial social circle? Would you sign a petition against nuclear weapons? Are you a part of a union? If yes, you're probably a COMMUNIST

At the end of World War II, at the Potsdam Conference on July 17, 1945, it was decided how Germany would be divided by the American, British, French, and Soviet Allied leaders. Germany was divided into four zones of occupation to be controlled by the United States, Britain, France, and Communist Russia (the Soviet Union). The city of Berlin was split up by the four powers even though it was located within the zone controlled by Russia. Because West Berlin was formed by the American, British, and French sectors, East Berlin would be marked by its stark ideological differences shaped by communism because of its control under the Soviet Union. In 1949, Germany split into two independent nations known as the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) as a democracy in stark contrast to the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) that was marked by the communism of the Soviet Union. In 1952, the East German government closed its border with West Germany; to keep people from escaping East Germany to the West, a wire barrier was constructed around West Berlin on August 12-13, 1961, with the plan to build a permanent wall designed to divide neighborhoods, separate families, and keep any influence of a freedom loving West from a restrictive and oppressive East. The Berlin Wall would eventually grow into two walls measuring 96 miles long and 13 feet tall. Anyone who attempted to gain freedom from East Berlin by entering West Berlin was shot. By 1989, more than 100 people died trying to cross the Berlin Wall and hundreds more who tried to escape from East to West. There were 302 watchtowers along the 96-mile-long wall that separated the free from the burdened. On June 12, 1987, President Ronald Regan delivered a speech in West Berlin, a speech I remember well when I heard as it aired on television when I was only 13 years old. President Regans speech has been nicknamed the Tear Down This Wall speech from a line in his magnificent speech; I want you to hear just a sampling of this marvelous and important speech for a reason that will become clear in this sermon: Behind me stands a wall that encircles the free sectors of this city, part of a vast system of barriers that divides the entire continent of Europe. From the Baltic, south, those barriers cut across Germany in a gash of barbed wire, concrete, dog runs, and guard towers. Farther south, there may be no visible, no obvious wall. But there remain armed guards and checkpoints all the same still a restriction on the right to travel, still an instrument to impose upon ordinary men and women the will of a totalitarian state. Yet it is here in Berlin where the wall emerges most clearly; here, cutting across your city, where the news photo and the television screen have imprinted this brutal division of a continent upon the mind of the world. Standing before the Brandenburg Gate, every man is a German, separated from his fellow men. Every man is a Berliner, forced to look upon a scar. As long as this gate is closed, as long as this scar of a wall is permitted to stand, it is not the German question alone that remains open, but the question of freedom for all mankind. General Secretary Gorbachev, if you seek peace, if you seek prosperity for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, if you seek liberalization, come here to this gate.Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate!Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall! On November 9, 1989, Germans from the East and West gathered and began tearing the Berlin Wall down. On October 3, 1990, East Germany and West Germany were no more; Germany was reunited as one free nation. The Christian Has Been Brought Near to God (vv. 11-13) There are four things that were true of the Christians in Ephesus; these four things are true of you if you are now a Christian; these same four things are still true of you if you are not a Christian. Because most of you in this room are Christians, I will refer to these four truths as something that once was true of you. You at one time were Christless (vv. 11-12a). There were two types of people in Ephesus and in the world: the Uncircumcision and the Circumcision. The Uncircumcision were the Gentiles in the world while the Circumcision were the Jews who prided themselves on being the physical descendants of Abraham. The Uncircumcised Gentiles were convinced that they were very different than the Circumcised Jews, and the Jews felt the same way about the Gentiles. However, there were two things that these two groups did share in common: Both groups believed that so long as they were religious enough, they would be prepared for what comes after death, and both groups were dead in their sins because both were Christless. You were homeless (v. 12b). What I mean by homeless is that the Jews had known about and looked forward to the promises of God made to the descendants of Abraham. For example, when God called Abraham out of the city of Ur, He made the following promise to both him and his wife, Sarah: Go from your country, And from your relatives And from your fathers house, To the land which I will show you; And I will make you into a great nation, And I will bless you, And make your name great; And you shall be a blessing; And I will bless those who bless you, And the one who curses you I will curse. And in you all the families of the earth will be blessed (Gen. 12:1-3). The Jews had grown to assume that the promise was not for Gentiles and failed to realize that it would be through the Jewish people that the Gentile nations would experience the blessing made to Abraham. It was not that the promises were not for the nations also, but that the Gentiles were not aware of such promises. You were hopeless (v. 12c). What were the promises given to the Jews really for? They were promises concerning Gods plan to redeem Adams fallen race. Think about the promises made to the Jews for a moment! How would all the families of the earth be blessed? The Child promised in Isaiah 9:6-7 would be Jewish and would come through Israel, and this promise is for the nations: For a Child will be born to us, a Son will be given to us; And the government will rest on His shoulders; And His name will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Eternal Father, Prince of Peace. There will be no end to the increase of His government or of peace on the throne of David and over his kingdom, to establish it and to uphold it with justice and righteousness from then on and forevermore. The zeal of the Lord of armies will accomplish this. So how were the Gentiles in Ephesus without hope? They were without hope because unlike the Jews, they were unaware that unlike emperor Nero of Rome who was reigning at the time Ephesians was written, there was coming a true and better King who would do what Rome could never do: There will be no end to the increase of His government or of peace on the throne of David to uphold it with justice and righteousness from then on and forevermore. For the Gentiles, Rome was as good as it would get is the same way that many today believe that life before death is as good as it will ever get, which is pretty hopeless! You were godless (v. 12d). Finally, the gentiles were godless in the sense that they were left to their idols because they did not know God. This does not mean that the Jews were not godless either, for if they were without Christ, then they were also Godless. To be Godless is to be without God. Do you know what happens when you are Godless? You will find a way to place an idol in the place only God was meant to reside in your life. You will find something that promises the sort of things that only a real God can give and provide; such as joy, satisfaction, contentment, meaning, and purpose to your life and you will be robed of the very things that idols promise to give. The God whose image you bear is the only being who can provide lasting joy, satisfaction, contentment, meaning, and purpose to your life. If you are a Christian, you are no longer Christless. Because you are no longer Christless, you belong to the people of God and are no longer homeless when it comes to the promises of God. Because you are now the recipient of the promises of God through Jesus, you are no longer hopeless. Because your hope rests in Jesus for your salvation, Paul declares: Now in Christ Jesus you who previously were far away have been brought near by the blood of Christ (v. 13). The Christian Has the Peace of God (vv. 14-18) Gods plan for the salvation of sinners always included Gentiles. Before instructions for the construction of a temple that would serve as the center of worship for Israel where the presence of God would be experienced by His people, God instructed Israel: Now then, if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, then you shall be My own possession among all the peoples, for all the earth is Mine; and you shall be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation. These are the words that you shall speak to the sons of Israel (Exod. 19:5-6). In other words, Israel was commissioned to be Gods priests before the nations to lead the nations to God. Through the prophet Malachi, as He did throughout Israels history, God reminded His people that the redemption of the nations was always the plan: For from the rising of the sun even to its setting, My name shall be great among the nations, and in every place frankincense is going to be offered to My name, and a grain offering that is pure; for My name shall be great among the nations, says the Lord of armies ( Mal. 1:11). So, what is this dividing wall the apostle Paul refers to in verse 14? The temple that King Herod built for the Jews included a place known as, The Court of the Gentiles. The Court of the Gentiles was the place within the Temple Walls that allowed Gentiles to gather and worship the God of the Hebrews, but they were forbidden to go any further than the outer court because they were considered too dirty to come any closer to the inner courts, only the true Jew was permitted to into the holier place that was closest to the Holy of Holies where the presence of God was. There was a wall that stood about 4.5 feet high that separated the Court of the Gentiles from the inner courts and signs that were posted that stated in Greek: No foreigner may enter within the balustrade around the sanctuary and the enclosure. Whoever is caught, on himself shall he put blame for the death which will ensue.[1] The Court of the Gentiles is also the place where Jesus taught while in the Temple (Matt. 21:23; 26:55; Luke 19:47; John 7:14). The Court of the Gentiles is also the place where money was changed because the required coinage for people to use for the Temple tax had to be Tyrian shekels (aka the shekel of the sanctuary) because of the uneven value of other coinages and the idolatrous images on other coins. During Passover, it is estimated that over 200,000 lambs were sacrificed for the sins of the people; the Court of the Gentiles was the place where people could purchase their sacrifice. The Court of the Gentiles was where the money was made and exchanged, and for many, became more important than worship itself. The Court of the Gentiles was not in the original plans God gave His people for the Temple (see Numbers 15:14-15), nor were they ever a part of Gods plans for the place where His people would worship Him. Here is what Isaiah said of the place of Gods worship: Also the foreigners who join themselves to the Lord, to attend to His service and to love the name of the Lord, to be His servants, every one who keeps the Sabbath so as not to profane it, And holds firmly to My covenant; Even those I will bring to My holy mountain, and make them joyful in My house of prayer. Their burnt offerings and their sacrifices will be acceptable on My altar; for My house will be called a house of prayer for all the peoples. It was the Court of the Gentiles that Jesus entered into during Passover week before He would die on the Cross as the perfect and true Lamb of God, and was enraged over the way Israel had perverted the Temple: And He entered the temple area and began to drive out those who were selling and buying on the temple grounds, and He overturned the tables of the money changers and the seats of those who were selling doves; and He would not allow anyone to carry merchandise through the temple grounds. And He began to teach and say to them, Is it not written: my house will be called a house of prayer for all the nations? But you have made it a den of robbers. (Mark 11:15-17). They crucified Jesus because the Jews who were convinced that their religion was enough, but what Israel failed to see was that their problem was the same as the problem of the Gentiles. There exists before all of humanity a far greater wall than the one that separated the Gentiles from the Jews in the Temple! It is a wall that only One Lamb can remedy and of all the peoples of the nations that should have known that such a wall exists, it should have been those who had before them from the commandments, writings, and the prophets, the covenants of the promise (v. 12). The wall is greater than any other wall, for it is the great wall of mankinds sin and guilt before a Holy God and there is nothing that the Jews or the Gentiles could do to tear it down, nor is there anything that you and I can do to remove the wall. For the Jew, the Law simply pointed to the wall of our own sin and that there is only One who is able to tear down the wall (see Gal. 3:23-29). Jesus tore down the wall by going to the Cross, He redeemed us from the curse of the Law, having become a curse for us (Ga. 3:13). It is only through the blood He shed for sins we are guilty of that, we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of our wrongdoings (Eph. 1:7). The wall was our sin, the hostility was ours before a Holy God, and our only hope for a peace with Him was and is the Prince of Peace! This is why Paul wrote, For He Himself is our peace, who made both groups into one and broke down the barrier of the dividing wall, by abolishing in His flesh the hostility, which is the Law composed of commandments expressed in ordinances, so that in Himself He might make the two one new person, in this way establishing peace (vv. 14-15). How did He do it? Through His cross: and that He might reconcile them both in one body to God through the cross, by it having put to death the hostility (v. 16). Conclusion Through Christ, the wall that alienated and separated us from any hope of knowing God or being known by God was blown to ashes through the Cross! The Christian, regardless of culture, skin color, or language, is now reconciled to the One whose image we all bearHe is our peace! Christian, because the wall of your sin was torn down by the Lamb of God, you share the same thing that the Chinese Christian, the Korean Christian, the Indian Christian, the Burmese Christian, the Iranian Christian, the Sudanese Christian, the Canadian Christian, and the Mexican Christian all have that you now have through Jesus Christ: Access in one Spirit to the Father through the Son! What better news could there possibly be than what we read in these verses: For He Himself is our peace, who made both groups into one and broke down the barrier of the dividing wall, by abolishing in His flesh the hostility, which is the Law composed of commandments expressed in ordinances, so that in Himself He might make the two one new person, in this way establishing peace; and that He might reconcile them both in one body to God through the cross, by it having put to death the hostility. And He came and preached peace to you who were far away, and peace to those who were near; for through Him we both have our access in one Spirit to the Father. Regardless of your ethnicity, the thing that you share with every other Christian rescued, ransomed, and redeemed by the blood of Jesus is that we now belong to His Tribe and our colors are the same because we are covered by the blood of the perfect Lamb of God! To be a Christian is to be the Church, and to be the Church is to be the People of God! Your identity is no longer in the nation you live, the color of your skin, the language you speak, or the culture that has shaped and formed you. No! Your identity is now in Christ! If you are not a Christian, the great wall of your sin still stands, and your greatest need remains! There is only One who is able to remove the wall of your sin, so why wait any longer to be reconciled to God through the blood of the Lamb of God? [1] One such sign is on display at the Israel Museum and a second in the Istanbul Archaeology Museum.